2015 Annual Meeting
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Introduction
Introduction Few Western thinkers have engaged with Indigenous people more closely or reaped greater rewards from that engagement than Franz Boas, the founder of modern anthropology. In the early twentieth century, as the world’s self- declared advanced nations competed to colonize the globe and exploit its natural resources, Boas drew upon what he had learned among Native peoples to present an alternative approach to modernity. Questioning the assumption that the West could claim the prerogative to rule “the rest” by right of natural endowment, Boas critiqued the idea of race, the master concept of colo- nialism. He shaped the modern notion of culture as an interactive process to which each of the world’s peoples has contributed its portion of knowledge. And he framed the idea of grammar as a universal characteristic of human cognition, the borderless ability to structure linguistic meaning. These interre- lated concepts interrogated the standards by which the world measured prog- ress, ultimately projecting visions of a shared global community.1 Today Boas is beginning to undergo a reevaluation.2 This is partly because of his unmistakable importance to contemporary discussions of race, inequality, empire, and migration—conversations emergent from the peoples he worked with and the places he worked in, which coalesce around the vulnerability of the ix x Ned Blackhawk and Isaiah Lorado Wilner biosphere and the problem of human survival. Unlike Karl Marx, Max Weber, or Sigmund Freud, who similarly drew upon the intellectual heritage of -
Issue Information
Juengst and Becker, Editors Editors and Becker, Juengst of Community The Bioarchaeology 28 AP3A No. The Bioarchaeology of Community Sara L. Juengst and Sara K. Becker, Editors Contributions by Sara K. Becker Deborah Blom Jered B. Cornelison Sylvia Deskaj Lynne Goldstein Sara L. Juengst Ann M. Kakaliouras Wendy Lackey-Cornelison William J. Meyer Anna C. Novotny Molly K. Zuckerman 2017 Archeological Papers of the ISSN 1551-823X American Anthropological Association, Number 28 aapaa_28_1_cover.inddpaa_28_1_cover.indd 1 112/05/172/05/17 22:26:26 PPMM The Bioarchaeology of Community Sara L. Juengst and Sara K. Becker, Editors Contributions by Sara K. Becker Deborah Blom Jered B. Cornelison Sylvia Deskaj Lynne Goldstein Sara L. Juengst Ann M. Kakaliouras Wendy Lackey-Cornelison William J. Meyer Anna C. Novotny Molly K. Zuckerman 2017 Archeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association, Number 28 ARCHEOLOGICAL PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION Lynne Goldstein, General Series Editor Number 28 THE BIOARCHAEOLOGY OF COMMUNITY 2017 Aims and Scope: The Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association (AP3A) is published on behalf of the Archaeological Division of the American Anthropological Association. AP3A publishes original monograph-length manuscripts on a wide range of subjects generally considered to fall within the purview of anthropological archaeology. There are no geographical, temporal, or topical restrictions. Organizers of AAA symposia are particularly encouraged to submit manuscripts, but submissions need not be restricted to these or other collected works. Copyright and Copying (in any format): © 2017 American Anthropological Association. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing from the copyright holder. -
Multilinear Euo Lution: Eaolution and Process'
'1. Multilinear Euolution: Eaolution and Process' THEMEANING Of EVOLUIION Cultural evolution, although long an unfashionable concept, has commanded renewed interest in the last two decades. This interest does not indicate any seriousreconsideration of the particular historical reconstructions of the nineteenth-century evolutionists, for thesc were quite thoroughly discredited on empirical grounds. It arises from the potential methodological importance of cultural evolution for con- temporary research, from the implications of its scientific objectives, its taxonomic procedures, and its conceptualization of historical change and cultural causality. An appraisal of cultural evolution, therefore, must be concerned with definitions and meanings. But I do not wish to engage in semantics. I shall attempt to show that if certain distinc- tions in the concept of evolution are made, it is evident that certain methodological propositions find fairly wide acceptance today. In order to clear the ground, it is necessaryfirst to consider the meaning of cultural evolution in relation to biological evolution, for there is a wide tendency to consider the former as an extension of, I This chapter is adapted lrom "Evolution and Process," in Anthropology Today: An Encyclopedic Inaentory, ed. A. L. Kroeber (University of Chicago Press, 1953), pp. 313-26, by courtesy of The University of Chicago Press. l1 12 THEoR'- oF cuLTURE cIIANGE and thercfore analogousto, the latter. There is, of course,a relation- ship betrveen biological and cultural evolution in that a minimal dcvclopment of the Hominidae was a prccondition of culture. But cultural cvolution is an extension of biological evolution only in a chronological sense (Huxley, 1952). The nature of the cvolutionary schemesand of the devclopmental processesdiffers profoundly in. -
2012-AAA-Annual-Report.Pdf
Borders & Crossings New Ways to Generate Conversations & Experiences 2012 ANNUAL REPORT EXECUTIVE BOARD AND COMMITTEES 2012 AAA Linguistic Seat Section Assembly Committee on the Executive Board Niko Besnier EB Seat #1 Future of Print (2011–14) Gabriela Vargas– and Electronic President Publishing University of Cetina Leith Mullings (2010–12) Deborah Nichols (2011–13) Amsterdam Universidad The Graduate Center Committee on Minority Seat Autonoma de Yucatan of the City University Gender Equity in Ana L Aparicio Anthropology of New York Section Assembly (2010–13) Jennifer R Weis EB Seat #2 Northwestern President–Elect/Vice Ida Susser University Committee for President (2010–13) Monica Heller Human Rights Practicing/ Hunter College, (2011–13) Ilana Feldman Professional Seat City University of Jessica Winegar University of Toronto, Alisse Waterston New York Ontario Institute for (2010–13) Committee on Labor Studies in Education John Jay College of Treasurer–Ex Officio Relations Criminal Justice, Edward Liebow Michael Chibnik Secretary City University of (2008–12) Debra L Martin New York Battelle Committee on (2009–12) Minority Issues in University of Nevada, Student Seat Anthropology Las Vegas Jason E Miller AAA Committees Simon Craddock Lee (2009–12) and Chairs Section Assembly University of South Committee on Convenor Annual Meeting Practicing, Applied Florida Program Chair Vilma Santiago– and Public Interest Carolyn Rouse Anthropology Irizarry Undesignated #1 (2011–13) Keri Brondo Hugh Gusterson Anthropological Cornell University (2009–12) -
Anthropology and the Racial Politics of Culture
ANTHROPOLOGY AND THE RACIAL POLITICS OF CULTURE Lee D. Baker Anthropology and the Racial Politics of Culture Duke University Press Durham and London ( 2010 ) © 2010 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper ∞ Designed by C. H. Westmoreland Typeset in Warnock with Magma Compact display by Achorn International, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data appear on the last printed page of this book. Dedicated to WILLIAM A. LITTLE AND SABRINA L. THOMAS Contents Preface: Questions ix Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 1 (1) Research, Reform, and Racial Uplift 33 (2) Fabricating the Authentic and the Politics of the Real 66 (3) Race, Relevance, and Daniel G. Brinton’s Ill-Fated Bid for Prominence 117 (4) The Cult of Franz Boas and His “Conspiracy” to Destroy the White Race 156 Notes 221 Works Cited 235 Index 265 Preface Questions “Are you a hegro? I a hegro too. Are you a hegro?” My mother loves to recount the story of how, as a three year old, I used this innocent, mis pronounced question to interrogate the garbagemen as I furiously raced my Big Wheel up and down the driveway of our rather large house on Park Avenue, a beautiful tree-lined street in an all-white neighborhood in Yakima, Washington. It was 1969. The Vietnam War was raging in South- east Asia, and the brutal murders of Malcolm X, Martin Luther King Jr., Medgar Evers, and Bobby and John F. Kennedy hung like a pall over a nation coming to grips with new formulations, relations, and understand- ings of race, culture, and power. -
Leslie White (1900-1975)
Neoevolutionism Leslie White Julian Steward Neoevolutionism • 20th century evolutionists proposed a series of explicit, scientific laws liking cultural change to different spheres of material existence. • Although clearly drawing upon ideas of Marx and Engels, American anthropologists could not emphasize Marxist ideas due to reactionary politics. • Instead they emphasized connections to Tylor and Morgan. Neoevolutionism • Resurgence of evolutionism was much more apparent in U.S. than in Britain. • Idea of looking for systematic cultural changes through time fit in better with American anthropology because of its inclusion of archaeology. • Most important contribution was concern with the causes of change rather than mere historical reconstructions. • Changes in modes of production have consequences for other arenas of culture. • Material factors given causal priority Leslie White (1900-1975) • Personality and Culture 1925 • A Problem in Kinship Terminology 1939 • The Pueblo of Santa Ana 1942 • Energy and the Evolution of Culture 1943 • Diffusion Versus Evolution: An Anti- evolutionist Fallacy 1945 • The Expansion of the Scope of Science 1947 • Evolutionism in Cultural Anthropology: A Rejoinder 1947 • The Science of Culture 1949 • The Evolution of Culture 1959 • The Ethnology and Ethnography of Franz Boas 1963 • The Concept of Culture 1973 Leslie White • Ph.D. dissertation in 1927 on Medicine Societies of the Southwest from University of Chicago. • Taught by Edward Sapir. • Taught at University of Buffalo & University of Michigan. • Students included Marshall Sahlins and Elman Service. • A converted Boasian who went back to Morgan’s ideas of evolutionism after reading League of the Iroquois. • Culture is based upon symbols and uniquely human ability to symbolize. • White calls science of culture "culturology" • Claims that "culture grows out of culture" • For White, culture cannot be explained biologically or psychologically, but only in terms of itself. -
05 Neo-Evolutionism
Paper No. : 10 Theories and methods in social and cultural Anthropology Module : 05 Neo-Evolutionism Development Team Principal Investigator Prof. Anup Kumar Kapoor Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi Paper Coordinator Prof. Anup Kumar Kapoor Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi Vineet Kumar Verma Content Writer Department of Anthropology, University of Delhi Prof. Subir Biswas, Department of Anthropology, West Content Reviewer Bengal State University, Barasat, West Bengal 1 Theories and methods in social and cultural Anthropology Anthropology Neo-Evolutionism Description of Module Subject Name Anthropology Paper Name 10 Theories and methods in social and cultural Anthropology Module Name/Title Neo-Evolutionism Module Id 05 2 Theories and methods in social and cultural Anthropology Anthropology Neo-Evolutionism Table of Contents Introduction 1. Early anthropological theory 2. History of nineteenth-century classical evolutionists 3. Neo-evolutionist 4. Neo-evolutionists Scholars V. Gordon Childe (England) Julian Steward (U.S.A) Leslie White (U.S.A) Summary Learning Objective To introduce history of anthropological thought by tracing its historical development To classify the course of historical development, academic, and Anthropological importance in terms of its development An attempt to look Methodological approaches to the origin of culture 3 Theories and methods in social and cultural Anthropology Anthropology Neo-Evolutionism Introduction A theoretical orientation is usually a general attitude about how cultural phenomena are to be explained. A number of thinkers during this period began to discuss evolution and how it might occur. The prevailing theoretical orientation in anthropology during the 19th century was based on a belief that culture generally evolves in a uniform and progressive manner; that is, most societies were believed to pass through the same series of stages, to arrive ultimately at a common end. -
North American Dialogue Newsletter of the Society for the Anthropology of North America
NORTH AMERICAN DIALOGUE NEWSLETTER OF THE SOCIETY FOR THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF NORTH AMERICA Volume 10, No. 1 April 2007 ISSN 1539-2546 __________________________________________________________________________________________ Report on the Field In his “Report from the President” (NAD 2006: The Anthropology of the U.S.: 14), SANA President Jeff Maskovsky notes “…the Cited Not Nearly Enough and Still Earning Respect pioneering scholarship in our field is still not taught or cited as frequently as it should be. By Kate Masley Indeed, it is still possible to read new monographs based on U.S. research that ignore the extensive ethnographic literature on the field. We must not Abstract: This article provides an overview of some allow the weakening of the area studies rubric to significant trends and developments in the anthropology of the U.S. The author, a young North Americanist, erase the deep understanding of the American highlights the ongoing need to acknowledge and cite the scene that has been produced by decades of extensive body of work that seems to get lost with each excellent scholarship.” In this article, I seek to new cohort of anthropologists seeking to do acknowledge that this extensive scholarship exists, ethnography “at home” in the U.S. Tracing the origins and provide an overview of some significant of American anthropology to its “Indianology” roots, the developments and shifts that have taken place author sketches changes that came with World War II within the field. By no means is this review meant and the post-war generation of anthropologists calling to be exhaustive, but is intended to provide an for new, U.S.-based research. -
SM 3 History of the Personality of Anthropology
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by eVols at University of Hawaii at Manoa Savage Minds Occasional Papers No. 3 The History of the Personality of Anthropology By Alfred Kroeber Edited and with an introduction by Alex Golub First edition, 18 October, 2013 Savage Minds Occasional Papers 1. The Superorganic by Alfred Kroeber, edited and with an introduction by Alex Golub 2. Responses to “The Superorganic”: Texts by Alexander Goldenweiser and Edward Sapir, edited and with an introduction by Alex Golub 3. The History of the Personality of Anthropology by Alfred Kroeber, edited and with an introduction by Alex Golub Copyright information This original work is copyright by Alex Golub, 2013. The author has issued the work under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States license. You are free • to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work • to remix - to adapt the work Under the following conditions • attribution - you must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author • noncommercial - you may not use this work for commercial purposes • share alike - if you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one This work includes excerpts from Kroeber, Alfred. 1959. The history of the personality of anthropology. American Anthropologist 61 (3): 398-404. American Anthropological Association article content published before 1964 is in the public domain and may be used and copied without permission. For more information see http:// www.aaanet.org/publications/permissions.cfm. The original article appears at http:// onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1525/aa.1959.61.3.02a00040/abstract. -
Richard King Beardsley 1918–1978
636 AMERICAN A NTHR 0POL OGIS T [81, 19791 American Indians in Historical Perspective. tion, a synthesis of fieldwork on the archaeology Eleanor Burke and Nancy Oestreich Lurie, of California Indians entitled Temporal and eds. pp. 29-63. New York: Random House. Areal Relationships in Central California Ar- 1974a The Clash of Cultures. In The World chaeology, contained sufficient creative insights of the American Indian. pp. 51 1-352. Wash- to generate requests for reprints or other in- ington: National Geographic Society. quiries that continued to the time of his death. 1974b The Surfacing of Native Leadership. The interests of the budding archaeologist, Paper read before Royal Society of Canada. however, were deflected to ethnology by his Amerindian Symposium, Quebec. wartime experience as a Japanese language of- 1978 Wind from an Enemy Sky. New York: ficer, which led to his association with a nucleus Harper and Row. composed largely of wartime language officers turned scholars in the nascent Center for Jap- anese Studies at the University of Michigan, where he had accepted an appointment in an- thropology in 1947. At that time, the depart- ment at Michigan was small but intellectually stimulating. In his early years there, Beardsley taught a variety of courses, giving careful preparation to his class lectures and generously of his time to students, as was his lifelong habit. In 1950, he made his first trip to Japan, par- ticipating there with Michigan scholars of other disciplines in an intensive study of a small farm- ing village in Okayama Prefecture. From that beginning, Beardsley developed into one of the nation’s outstanding ethnologists on Japan and a pioneer in multidisciplinary area studies. -
Haney Foundation Series : Ethnography in Today's World : Color
Ethnography in Today’s World ................. 18429$ $$FM 05-28-13 10:19:34 PS PAGE i HANEY FOUNDATION SERIES A volume in the Haney Foundation Series, established in 1961 with the generous support of Dr. John Louis Haney ................. 18429$ $$FM 05-28-13 10:19:34 PS PAGE ii Ethnography in Today’s World Color Full Before Color Blind Roger Sanjek UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA PRESS PHILADELPHIA ................. 18429$ $$FM 05-28-13 10:19:34 PS PAGE iii Copyright ᭧ 2014 University of Pennsylvania Press All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations used for purposes of review or scholarly citation, none of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means without written permission from the publisher. Published by University of Pennsylvania Press Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4112 www.upenn.edu/pennpress Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10987654321 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sanjek, Roger, 1944– Ethnography in today’s world : color full before color blind / Roger Sanjek.—1st ed. p. cm. — (Haney foundation series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8122-4545-5 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Ethnology—United States—Methodology. 2. Ethnology—Methodology. 3. Anthropology—United States—Methodology. 4. Anthropology—Methodology. I. Title. GN345.S255 2014 305.800973—dc23 2013019444 ................. 18429$ $$FM 05-28-13 10:19:35 PS PAGE iv For my teachers: Anne Schwerner, Robert Stigler, Marvin Harris, Lambros Comitas, Jaap van Velsen, George C. Bond, Allen Johnson ................. 18429$ $$FM 05-28-13 10:19:35 PS PAGE v This page intentionally left blank Contents Preface ix PART I. -
Sociocultural Evolution 1 Sociocultural Evolution
Sociocultural evolution 1 Sociocultural evolution Sociocultural evolution(ism) is an umbrella term for theories of cultural evolution and social evolution, describing how cultures and societies have changed over time. Note that "sociocultural evolution" is not an equivalent of "sociocultural development" (unified processes of differentiation and integration involving increases in sociocultural complexity), as sociocultural evolution also encompasses sociocultural transformations accompanied by decreases of complexity (degeneration) as well as ones not accompanied by any significant changes of sociocultural complexity (cladogenesis).[1] Thus, sociocultural evolution can be defined as "the process by which structural reorganization is affected through time, eventually producing a form or structure which is qualitatively different from the ancestral form.... Evolutionism then becomes the scientific activity of finding nomothetic explanations for the occurrence of such structural changes".[2] Although such theories typically provide models for understanding the relationship between technologies, social structure, the values of a society, and how and why they change with time, they vary as to the extent to which they describe specific mechanisms of variation and social change. Historically, Europeans had tried to explain the meaning of "primitive" societies, with some arguing that primitive peoples had degenerated from a "barbarous" to an even lower "savage" state. These observers often saw European society as symbolizing the highest state of "civilization."[3] Over time, important commentators like Edward Burnett Tylor, Lewis Henry Morgan, Franz Boas, Leslie White, and Julian Steward elaborated on this thinking with theories from unilinear evolution to the "culture history" approach.[3] Sociocultural modeling[4] is an umbrella term for theories of cultural and social evolution, which aims to describe how cultures and societies have developed over time.