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24 Labor As Seen by Social Anthropology José Sergio Leite
24 Labor As Seen By Social Anthropology José Sergio Leite Lopes 1 1. Introduction: the economic sphere and labor in social anthropology Anthropologists have traditionally studied labor in their monographs about indigenous groups, ethnic minorities, the peasantry, fishers and artisans. In these studies of labor, as in the economic sphere in general, it appears as enmeshed in the totality of the social life of these “traditional”, “pre-capitalist” groups. Generally such anthropological studies focus on the centrality of gift giving and reciprocity, which negate or obscure economic interests for the benefit of the logic of honor or of symbolic capital. They regard the gift as a total social fact where the market principal is subordinated to that of reciprocity and redistribution. Labor in these studies is not the central theme of interest, but appears in a form subordinated to other aspects with which it is interrelated. Between the 1950s and 1970s, anthropologists engaged with the question of the critical application or appropriation of concepts from diverse currents of so-called economic theory. Such concepts were constructed to explain the capitalist economy, but anthropologists embraced these economic principles in general to understand all societies. A debate arose between “substantivists”, who praised the historicity of concepts and the necessity of new instruments for the economic analysis of non-capitalist societies and the “formalists” who gave a wider reach to existing economic theories to apply to their ethnographies. The substantivists were located in some American universities and drew heavily on the work of and disciples of the Hungarian economic historian Karl Polanyi; later they would have an important repercussion in the whole anthropological field. -
November 2006
Volume 17, Number 4 November 2006 PRESIDENT’S LETTER By Donald D. Stull [[email protected]] University of Kansas Anthropology, or any other subject, cannot avoid the context in which it is done. And we cannot afford to be out of touch with our times. Paul Bohannon n the November 2006 issue of Anthropology News, Elizabeth Tunstall announces that American anthropology suffers from a I“branding problem,” and she reports on preliminary research, which concludes, “the popular perceptions of anthropology are of a field engaged in the scientific study of primitive peoples (exoticism) or the distant past (dirt, bones, and Indiana Jones,” (Anthropology News 47(8): 17, 2006). More than a decade ago, Paula Rubel and Abraham Rosman observed that anthropology finds itself “in a stage of disintegration and fragmentation into myriad subdisciplines, subspecialties, and interest groups, all of which empha- size their differences and uniqueness rather than what they have in common” (Journal of Anthropo- logical Research 50(4):335, 1994). It still does. Anthropology, it would seem, is not only misunderstood by what we like to call “the Other,” but roiling with internecine dissension and turmoil. IN THIS ISSUE Page For several decades now, in fact, anthropology has suffered from what Paul Bohannon called a catastrophe SfAA President’s Letter 1 in its epigenetic landscape (American Anthropologist Obituaries 82(3):512, 1980). An epigenetic landscape is “one that Foster, George 3 changes and moves because of the very activity that Lantis, Margaret 16 goes on within it. A catastrophe takes place when the 2007 Annual Meetings in Tampa 17 epigenetic landscape changes to the point that one of Grappling with Tough Issues 19 its valleys, wherein social action has been flowing, is Rethinking Cosmopolitan 21 blocked or diverted to new courses.” Such valleys are Minding Your Business 24 called chreods. -
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EASA Biennial Conference Experiencing Diversity and Mutuality Ljubljana, Slovenia 26-30 August 2008 Ships passing in the night? Interdisciplinarity, East-West relations and commoditization of knowledge in anthropology of post-socialism Kacper Pobłocki Department of Sociology and Social Anthropology Central European University, Budapest, Hungary Abstract: Debates on 'native anthropology', 'anthropology with an accent' and so forth have usually focused on colonialism as the main culprit of asymmetric relations between anthropological knowledges. By bringing the recent dispute between Western and 'native' anthropologist of post-socialism into the 'world anthropologies' debate, I seek to highlight those aspects of current epistemic inequalities that are not post-colonial in nature, but result from global commoditization of knowledge. I ponder why Western anthropologists who started visiting Eastern Europe from the 1970s, concluded that 'native' academic knowledge is inferior to their own output. This was not due to a prejudice brought from afar, I argue, but rather was a result of their field experiences. I discuss how three types of native 'captive minds' (communist, nationalist, and neo-liberal) emerged, and how encountering (or learning about) them made Western anthropologist uninterested in (and distrustful of) local epistemic production. I focus on the putative nationalist 'captive mind', and argue that the straw man of East European 'positivist' science (as opposed to the superior 'theory-oriented' Western anthropology) emerged due to recent changes in the political economy of the academia. I show how the 'theoretical turn' was experienced differently in Western and Polish academia, and how these changes, explained by the different regimes of value, show that there has been an increase only in 'ritual' exchange between parochial and metropolitan anthropology rather than meaningful communication. -
Hilton Portland Downtown Portland, Oregon March 19-23, 2019
Society for Applied Anthropology • 79th Annual Meeting Hilton Portland Downtown Portland, Oregon March 19-23, 2019 Contents Hilton Portland Downtown Map .................................................................................................... ii Welcome from the Program Chair ................................................................................................ iii SfAA 2019 Program Committee .................................................................................................... iv Officers of the Society for Applied Anthropology, Board of Directors, and Editors ............... iv Special Thanks and Co-Sponsors ...................................................................................................v Past Presidents and Annual Meeting Sites .................................................................................. viii General Information How to Use This Program .................................................................................................1 A Note About Abstracts .....................................................................................................1 Registration .......................................................................................................................1 Book Exhibit .....................................................................................................................1 Plenary Sessions ................................................................................................................1 Social Events -
Issue Information
Juengst and Becker, Editors Editors and Becker, Juengst of Community The Bioarchaeology 28 AP3A No. The Bioarchaeology of Community Sara L. Juengst and Sara K. Becker, Editors Contributions by Sara K. Becker Deborah Blom Jered B. Cornelison Sylvia Deskaj Lynne Goldstein Sara L. Juengst Ann M. Kakaliouras Wendy Lackey-Cornelison William J. Meyer Anna C. Novotny Molly K. Zuckerman 2017 Archeological Papers of the ISSN 1551-823X American Anthropological Association, Number 28 aapaa_28_1_cover.inddpaa_28_1_cover.indd 1 112/05/172/05/17 22:26:26 PPMM The Bioarchaeology of Community Sara L. Juengst and Sara K. Becker, Editors Contributions by Sara K. Becker Deborah Blom Jered B. Cornelison Sylvia Deskaj Lynne Goldstein Sara L. Juengst Ann M. Kakaliouras Wendy Lackey-Cornelison William J. Meyer Anna C. Novotny Molly K. Zuckerman 2017 Archeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association, Number 28 ARCHEOLOGICAL PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION Lynne Goldstein, General Series Editor Number 28 THE BIOARCHAEOLOGY OF COMMUNITY 2017 Aims and Scope: The Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association (AP3A) is published on behalf of the Archaeological Division of the American Anthropological Association. AP3A publishes original monograph-length manuscripts on a wide range of subjects generally considered to fall within the purview of anthropological archaeology. There are no geographical, temporal, or topical restrictions. Organizers of AAA symposia are particularly encouraged to submit manuscripts, but submissions need not be restricted to these or other collected works. Copyright and Copying (in any format): © 2017 American Anthropological Association. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior permission in writing from the copyright holder. -
Centeredness As a Cultural and Grammatical Theme in Maya-Mam
CENTEREDNESS AS A CULTURAL AND GRAMMATICAL THEME IN MAYA-MAM DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Wesley M. Collins, B.S., M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 2005 Dissertation Examination Committee: Approved by Professor Donald Winford, Advisor Professor Scott Schwenter Advisor Professor Amy Zaharlick Department of Linguistics Copyright by Wesley Miller Collins 2005 ABSTRACT In this dissertation, I look at selected Maya-Mam anthropological and linguistic data and suggest that they provide evidence that there exist overlapping cultural and grammatical themes that are salient to Mam speakers. The data used in this study were gathered largely via ethnographic methods based on participant observation over my twenty-five year relationship with the Mam people of Comitancillo, a town of 60,000 in Guatemala’s Western Highlands. For twelve of those years, my family and I lived among the Mam, participating with them in the cultural milieu of daily life. In order to help shed light on the general relationship between language and culture, I discuss the key Mayan cultural value of centeredness and I show how this value is a pervasive organizing principle in Mayan thought, cosmology, and daily living, a value called upon by the Mam in their daily lives to regulate and explain behavior. Indeed, I suggest that centeredness is a cultural theme, a recurring cultural value which supersedes social differences, and which is defined for cultural groups as a whole (England, 1978). I show how the Mam understanding of issues as disparate as homestead construction, the town central plaza, historical Mayan religious practice, Christian conversion, health concerns, the importance of the numbers two and four, the notions of agreement and forgiveness, child discipline, and moral stance are all instantiations of this basic underlying principle. -
2017 Annual Report.Pub
Annual Report For 2017 “Supporting worldwide research in all branches of Anthropology” Table of Contents Chair’s Introduction ..................................................................................... 3 President’s Report ....................................................................................... 4 Program Highlights SAPIENS & Institutional Development Grants ..................................... 6 Wenner-Gren Symposia Overview ...................................................... 10 Current Anthropology Supplementary Issues .................................... 11 Historical Archives Program ................................................................ 12 International Symposia Reports .......................................................... 14 Meetings of the Anthropology Section of the New York Academy of Sciences ....................................................................................... 18 Hunt Postdoctoral Fellows ................................................................... 19 Fejos Postdoctoral Fellows............................................................... ... 23 Wadsworth Fellows .............................................................................. 26 2018 Grantees Dissertation Fieldwork Grants ............................................................. 32 Post-Ph.D. Research Grants ................................................................ 41 Hunt Postdoctoral Fellowships ........................................................... 46 Fejos Postdoctal Fellowships -
Quiz 4 - Anthropology in Practice
Quiz 4 - Anthropology in Practice 1. T/F It is rare for anthropologists to work outside of academia. False 2. T/F Anthropologists are most often involved in gathering information rather than constructing policy or initiating action. True 3. What is an example of a culturally appropriate innovation? Something that is aligned with a cultures beliefs and practices. Wash basins in a circle. 4. Are there products you miss that have been replaced by products you don’t care for? (re: over-innovation) 5. Name five examples of ways anthropologists work in the world outside of academia. Cultural Resource Management (archeology enable native peoples to protect and preserve their artifacts ) , Medical Practitioners, Forensic Anthropology (crimes scene), Advocate Anthropologist, Market Research (focus groups, observation of cultural behaviors related products and purchasing) 6. T/F Applied anthropology is a new area for American anthropologists. False (re: WWII Chrysanthemum and the Sword) 7. T/F Today there are applied anthropologists whose clients are neither poor nor powerless. True 8. What does CRM stand for? Cultural Resource Management 9. T/F There are corporations who hired CRMs to establish that a site does not contain objects of cultural and historical value. True 10. What are roles that applied anthropologists might assume? a. Protecting local people from policies and projects that might hurt them b. Interpreting local needs to larger/governing agencies c. Designing culturally appropriate and socially sensitive change d. Mediating between tribal and corporate interests e. Assisting local youth in opening Facebook and Twitter accounts ABCD 11. What might be the negative consequences of introducing irrigation into an arid region? Water-borne diseases…mosquitos 12. -
SECTION NEWS February 2011 |
SECTION NEWS February 2011 | Anthropology and Environment Section S ECTION NEWS Terre Satterfield, Contributing Editor Recognizing that the association’s sections represent the rich diversity of the discipline’s subfields, AN includes Section News, State of the Section Report which provides news of specific relevance to members of each section (eg, summaries of section business meetings, section meeting presentations, section awards). Members are encouraged to make full use of other AN editorial sections to report items By Paige West (A&E President) of more general interest (eg, meeting dates, death notices, commentaries). Contact information for section contributing editors A&E had a great 2010 meeting in New Orleans. Many is available in individual columns and on the AAA website. of our sponsored panels took up questions of circula- tion, flow and movement, the overall theme of the meet- in the Cane (1960) examined the connections of local ings. We sponsored panels on the circulation of ecoto- American Ethnological histories to global processes of capitalism. Moreover, pian imaginaries, water, energy, environmental knowledge Society Oscar Lewis’ La Vida (1966) inaugurated the culture and morals, climate science and knowledge, and conser- of poverty literature. Steward et al’s and Lewis’ studies vation capital. We also sponsored panels on hybrid land- Caitrin Lynch, Contributing Editor received intense anti-imperialist critiques from Puerto scapes, the relationship between environmental toxins Rican anthropologists (Valdés-Pizzini 2001). and neoliberal policy, the anthropological analysis of light, Join Us in Puerto Rico! Spring 2011 AES/ The anthropology of Puerto Rico has expanded consid- how transnational extractive industries work, contem- SUNTA Conference erably since the 1970s. -
What Is Anthropology?
Chapter 1 What Is Anthropology? nthropology is the scientific study of the origin, the behaviour, and the A physical, social, and cultural development of humans. Anthropologists seek to understand what makes us human by studying human ancestors through archaeological excavation and by observing living cultures throughout the world. In this chapter, you will learn about different fields of anthropology and the major schools of thought, important theories, perspectives, and research within anthropology, as well as the work of influential anthropologists. You’ll also learn methods for conducting anthropological research and learn how to formulate your own research questions and record information. Chapter Expectations By the end of this chapter, you will: • summarize and compare major theories, perspectives, and research methods in anthropology • identify the significant contributions of influential anthropologists • outline the key ideas of the major anthropological schools of thought, and explain how they can be used to analyze features of cultural systems Fields of Anthropology • explain significant issues in different areas of anthropology Primatology Dian Fossey (1932–1985) • explain the main research methods for conducting anthropological Physical Anthropology Archaeology Cultural Anthropology research Biruté Galdikas (1946–) Jane Goodall (1934–) Sue Savage-Rumbaugh (1946–) Archaeology Forensic Human Variation Ethnology Linguistic Anthropology Key Terms Prehistoric Anthropology Charles Darwin Ruth Benedict (1887–1948) Noam Chomsky -
Anthropology and the Racial Politics of Culture
ANTHROPOLOGY AND THE RACIAL POLITICS OF CULTURE Lee D. Baker Anthropology and the Racial Politics of Culture Duke University Press Durham and London ( 2010 ) © 2010 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper ∞ Designed by C. H. Westmoreland Typeset in Warnock with Magma Compact display by Achorn International, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data appear on the last printed page of this book. Dedicated to WILLIAM A. LITTLE AND SABRINA L. THOMAS Contents Preface: Questions ix Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 1 (1) Research, Reform, and Racial Uplift 33 (2) Fabricating the Authentic and the Politics of the Real 66 (3) Race, Relevance, and Daniel G. Brinton’s Ill-Fated Bid for Prominence 117 (4) The Cult of Franz Boas and His “Conspiracy” to Destroy the White Race 156 Notes 221 Works Cited 235 Index 265 Preface Questions “Are you a hegro? I a hegro too. Are you a hegro?” My mother loves to recount the story of how, as a three year old, I used this innocent, mis pronounced question to interrogate the garbagemen as I furiously raced my Big Wheel up and down the driveway of our rather large house on Park Avenue, a beautiful tree-lined street in an all-white neighborhood in Yakima, Washington. It was 1969. The Vietnam War was raging in South- east Asia, and the brutal murders of Malcolm X, Martin Luther King Jr., Medgar Evers, and Bobby and John F. Kennedy hung like a pall over a nation coming to grips with new formulations, relations, and understand- ings of race, culture, and power. -
Applications of Anthropology
Applications of Anthropology Meaning of applied, action and development anthropology Dr. Suninder Kaur HIG 914, Phase 2,Mohali, Chandigarh-160055 CONTENTS Anthropology and applied anthropology Career-oriented approach: the use of anthropology in policy research and implementation The spread of applied anthropology Role of Indian anthropologists in the Indian census Globalisation Participatory planning and information gathering: stepping stones to development Role of anthropologists in issues of health and gender studies Retreat from classical methodology : emergence of action anthropology Collaboration, parternership and multi-disciplinary action Postmodern perspective: research agenda Essence of applied anthropology : micro-level studies Non-governmental organizations (NGOS) Anthropology and development Development anthropology Social engineering model Socio-cultural compatibility Social analysis Anthropology and action Applications of applied anthropology HIV/AIDS epidemic Socio-Cultural Practices affecting HIV/AIDS Sustainable Development Gender and Health Reproductive Health RCH, STD and HIV Anthropology and Education Computer and Internet Anthropology in the computers era Anthropology and applied anthropology Applied Anthropology refers to the application of anthropological data, perspectives, theory, and methods to identify, assess, and solve social problems. Anthropology, the scientific study of mankind, has two major bifurcations namely Social and Physical Anthropology. Anthropology 1 deals with the classification and analysis of humans and their society: descriptively, culturally, historically, and physically. Its unique contribution to studying the bonds of human social relations has been the distinctive concept of culture. Physical Anthropology focuses on the evolutionary trends of Homo Sapiens, their classification (human paleontology) and the study of race and of body build and body constitution. It uses the techniques of anthropometry, as well as those of genetics, physiology, and ecology.