Haney Foundation Series : Ethnography in Today's World : Color
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Interpreting Balinese Culture
Interpreting Balinese Culture: Representation and Identity by Julie A Sumerta A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Arts in Public Issues Anthropology Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2011 © Julie A. Sumerta 2011 Author’s Declaration I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. Julie A. Sumerta ii Abstract The representation of Balinese people and culture within scholarship throughout the 20th century and into the most recent 21st century studies is examined. Important questions are considered, such as: What major themes can be found within the literature?; Which scholars have most influenced the discourse?; How has Bali been presented within undergraduate anthropology textbooks, which scholars have been considered; and how have the Balinese been affected by scholarly representation? Consideration is also given to scholars who are Balinese and doing their own research on Bali, an area that has not received much attention. The results of this study indicate that notions of Balinese culture and identity have been largely constructed by “Outsiders”: 14th-19th century European traders and early theorists; Dutch colonizers; other Indonesians; and first and second wave twentieth century scholars, including, to a large degree, anthropologists. Notions of Balinese culture, and of culture itself, have been vigorously critiqued and deconstructed to such an extent that is difficult to determine whether or not the issue of what it is that constitutes Balinese culture has conclusively been answered. -
View 2019 Edition Online
Emmanuel Emmanuel College College MAGAZINE 2018–2019 Front Court, engraved by R B Harraden, 1824 VOL CI MAGAZINE 2018–2019 VOLUME CI Emmanuel College St Andrew’s Street Cambridge CB2 3AP Telephone +44 (0)1223 334200 The Master, Dame Fiona Reynolds, in the new portrait by Alastair Adams May Ball poster 1980 THE YEAR IN REVIEW I Emmanuel College MAGAZINE 2018–2019 VOLUME CI II EMMANUEL COLLEGE MAGAZINE 2018–2019 The Magazine is published annually, each issue recording college activities during the preceding academical year. It is circulated to all members of the college, past and present. Copy for the next issue should be sent to the Editors before 30 June 2020. News about members of Emmanuel or changes of address should be emailed to [email protected], or via the ‘Keeping in Touch’ form: https://www.emma.cam.ac.uk/members/keepintouch. College enquiries should be sent to [email protected] or addressed to the Development Office, Emmanuel College, Cambridge CB2 3AP. General correspondence concerning the Magazine should be addressed to the General Editor, College Magazine, Dr Lawrence Klein, Emmanuel College, Cambridge CB2 3AP. Correspondence relating to obituaries should be addressed to the Obituaries Editor (The Dean, The Revd Jeremy Caddick), Emmanuel College, Cambridge CB2 3AP. The college telephone number is 01223 334200, and the email address is [email protected]. If possible, photographs to accompany obituaries and other contributions should be high-resolution scans or original photos in jpeg format. The Editors would like to express their thanks to the many people who have contributed to this issue, with a special nod to the unstinting assistance of the College Archivist. -
Facing Politics and Power in Anthropology
PART ONE: POWER AND POLITICS FROM STATELESS SOCIETIES TO GLOBAL CAPITALISM FACINGFACING POLITICSPOLITICS ANDAND POWERPOWER ININ ANTHROPOLOGYANTHROPOLOGY Early Anthropological Perspectives on Power Power and social stratification Power and “complex societies” Politics is the process by which power is distributed and decisions are made Weber: power—coercion & authority Early Anthropological Perspectives on Power AUTHORITY: 1. Legal-Rational Authority 2. Traditional Authority 3. Charismatic Authority Typologies of Power and Political Systems Evolutionary typologies Kinship to State --Maine (1861): Status vs. Contract --Morgan (1877): Descent group vs. Property --Engels (1884): Kinship vs. Territory --Durkheim (1893): Mechanical vs. Organic Solidarity --Mauss (1925): Gift exchange vs. Commodity exchange Typologies of Power and Political Systems Service (1962) Sahlins (1963) Childe (1936) Fried (1967) Johnson and Earle (1987) Earle (1978) Hunter- Band (family level) Head man Egalitarian society gatherers Farmers Tribe (local group) Big man Ranked society Civilization Chiefdom Simple Stratified Society Complex Stratified society State State State State Typologies of Power and Political Systems Structural-Functionalist correspondences: Meyer Fortes & E. E. Evans-Pritchard (1940:5-6) sub-Saharan Africa, two forms of polity: “primitive states”—kingship & office “stateless societies”—descent Typologies of Power and Political Systems --evolution of social complexity as a political process --control over labour of non-kin --Elman Service (1962): Band, -
On Ethnicity, Culture, and Tribe
On Ethnicity, Culture, and ”Tribe” Sten Hagberg Purpose • Today’s lecture aims to discuss tricky concepts used in the study of African societies and cultures that still have tremendous impact on everyday life • Put forward the historical perspective on ”ethnicity”, ”culture”, and ”tribe”, as labels to portray traditional African political organization • Contextualise the texts by Evans-Pritchard, Southall, and Vail – as well as bring in how one could possibly study ethnicity today • Case-Study of Tiefo in Burkina Faso – ethnicity and politics in a home area association The term ”tribe” is no longer used by anthropologists, but it is used by many people in African countries Definitions • ”a group of people bound by common language, territory, and custom” • “a social division in a traditional society consisting of families or communities linked by social, economic, religious, or blood ties, with a common culture and dialect, typically having a recognized leader” • “a notional form of human social organization based on a set of smaller groups (known as bands), having temporary or permanent political integration, and defined by traditions of common descent, language, culture, and ideology” Tourist Industry and the Exotic – ”African Tribes with Traditional African Cultures” Republic of Niger – administrative categories, or How to define nomadic peoples http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/ner146499.pdf Customary or traditional communities according Nigerien Law • Fraction • Quartier • Village • Tribu • Groupement Woodabe men impressing women -
Sociological Theory and Philosophical Analysis Other Books by Dorothy Emmet
Sociological Theory and Philosophical Analysis Other books by Dorothy Emmet Whitehead's Philosophy of Organism The Nature of Metaphysical Thinking Function, Purpose and Powers Rules, Roles and Relations Space, Time and Deity (editor) Sociological Theory and Philosophical Analysis A Collection Edited with an Introduction by DOROTHY EMMET and ALASDAIR MACINTYRE Palgrave Macmillan ® Editorial matter and selection Dorothy Emmet and Alasdair MacIntyre 1970 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means without permission. First published 1970 by MACMILLAN AND CO LTD London and Basingstoke AssoC£ated companies in Toronto Dublin Melbourne Johannesburg and Madras ISBN 978-0-333-10522-1 ISBN 978-1-349-15388-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-15388-6 The Papermac edition of this book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired out, or otherwise circulated without the publisher's prior consent, in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published and without a similar condition including this condition being imposed on the subsequent purchaser. Contents Introduction IX 1 Concept and Theory Formation in the Social Sciences Alfred Schutz 1 2 Is it a Science? Sidney Morgenbesser 20 3 Knowledge and Interest Jurgen Habermas 36 4 Sociological Explanation Tom Burns 55 5 Methodological Individualism Reconsidered Steven Lukes 76 6 The Problem of Rationality in the Social World Alfred Schutz 89 7 Concepts and Society Ernest Gellner 115 8 Symbols in Ndembu Ritual Victor Turner 150 9 Telstar and the Aborigines or La pensee sauvage Edmund Leach 183 10 Groote Eylandt Totemism and Le Totemisme aujourd'hui Peter Worsley 204 List of Contributors 223 Bibliography 225 Index 229 v Acknowledgements Acknowledgements for permission to reprint the papers in this collection are made to the following: For 'Concept and Theory Formation in the Social Sciences' and 'The Problems of Rationality in a Social World', to Martinus Nijhoff. -
Redalyc.Entrevista Con Fredrik Barth
AIBR. Revista de Antropología Iberoamericana ISSN: 1695-9752 [email protected] Asociación de Antropólogos Iberoamericanos en Red Organismo Internacional Anderson, Robert Entrevista con Fredrik Barth AIBR. Revista de Antropología Iberoamericana, vol. 2, núm. 2, mayo-agosto, 2007, pp. 179-195 Asociación de Antropólogos Iberoamericanos en Red Madrid, Organismo Internacional Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=62320203 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto Entrevista con Fredrik Barth 179 ENTREVISTA CON FREDRIK BARTH Oslo, 5 de Junio de 2005 Entrevista: Robert Anderson Traducción: Lydia Rodríguez Nota del autor: Durante una estancia en la Universidad de Cambridge en el curso 2004-2005 y mientras trabajaba en un estudio sobre los orígenes biográficos de la obra Political Systems of Highland Burma, conversé con varias personas en relación a los recuerdos que tenían de Edmund Leach. Así fue como contacté con Fredrik Barth y le pedí permiso para grabar nuestra conversación y formar parte de la serie anthropological ancestors coordinada por Alan Macfarlane en Cambridge. Tomé un vuelo directo de bajo coste a Oslo en un aeropuerto cercano a Cambridge y subí al tranvía que culmina la ladera de las montañas desde las que se divisa Oslo. Esa brillante y soleada mañana entré en la casa donde vive desde 1961. El profesor Barth, entonces con 77 años de edad, acababa de regresar de un tribunal de tesis en la Universidad de Bergen. -
North American Academic Research Introduction
+ North American Academic Research Journal homepage: http://twasp.info/journal/home Research Between the Forest and the Village: the New Social Forms of the Baka’s Life in Transition Richard Atimniraye Nyelade 1,2* 1This article is an excerpt of my Master thesis in Visual Cultural Studies defended at the University of Tromso in Norway in December 2015 under the supervision of Prof Bjørn Arntsen 2Research Officer, Institute of Agricultural Research for Development, P.O.Box 65 Ngaoundere, Cameroon; PhD student in sociology, University of Shanghai, China *Corresponding author [email protected] Accepted: 29 February , 2020; Online: 07 March, 2020 DOI : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3700533 Abstract: The Baka are part of hunter-gatherers group of central Africa generally called “pygmies”. They are most often presented as an indigenous, monolithic and marginalised entity. After a fieldwork carried out in Nomedjoh village in South-Easthern Cameroon, audiovisual and qualitative data have been collected. The theoretical framework follows the dichotomy between structuralism and constructivism. While the former considers identity as a sum of artefacts identifiable and transmissible from generation to generation, the latter, notably with Fredrik Barth, defines ethnicity as a heterogeneous and dynamic entity that changes according to the time and space. Beyond this controversy, the data from Nomedjoh reveal that the Baka community is characterised by two trends: while one group is longing for the integration into modernity at any cost, the other group stands for the preservation of traditional values. Hence, the Baka are in a process of transition. Keywords: Ethnicity, identity, structuralism, constructivism, transition. Introduction After the Cold War and the fall of the Berlin Wall, the world entered into a new era characterised by the triumph of globalisation. -
Introduction: in the Event—Toward an Anthropology of Generic Moments
IntroductIon In the Event—toward an Anthropology of Generic Moments Bruce Kapferer Against the Case as Illustration: The Event in Anthropology The exploration of events and situations has long been at the focus of anthro- pological ethnographic description. In common with many other disciplines in the social sciences and humanities, this has been so in two main and frequently combined senses: (1) as exemplifications or illustrations, usually in the form of case studies, of more general ethnographic descriptive or theoretical assertions, or (2) as happenings or occasions, slices of life, that establish a conundrum or problematic that the presentation of an ethnography and its analysis will solve or otherwise explain. Most anthropological ethnographies offer examples or variations of the first. The second is relatively common, especially among histo- rians, but perhaps the work of Clifford Geertz is the most celebrated example in anthropology. An outstanding instance is Geertz’s (1980) study Negara, which opens with the mass suicide of the Balinese court before the Dutch invaders. This event sets the stage for his exploration of the Balinese theatre state, Geertz demonstrating the suicide as consistent with a Balinese political logic that pres- ents power as defined and determined in the performance of status. The concern with events and situations in this book seeks to extend beyond these more or less conventional usages and to argue for a deepening of the methodological significance of events and situations in anthropological ethno- graphic practice. The overall direction of the approach that I essay is one that takes the event as central to anthropological analysis rather than the concept of society, in relation to which the event or the event-as-case is commonly engaged, either to substantialize the abstract (society) or to provide a means to grasp the foundational or general organizational principles of society. -
Tenth Conference on Cuban and Cuban-American Studies
Cuban Research Institute School of International and Public Affairs Tenth Conference on Cuban and Cuban-American Studies “More Than White, More Than Mulatto, More Than Black”: Racial Politics in Cuba and the Americas “Más que blanco, más que mulato, más que negro”: La política racial en Cuba y las Américas Dedicated to Carmelo Mesa-Lago February 26-28, 2015 WELCOMING REMARKS I’m thrilled to welcome you to our Tenth Conference on Cuban and Cuban-American Studies. On Friday evening, we’ll sponsor the premiere of the PBS documentary Cuba: The Forgotten Organized by the Cuban Research Institute (CRI) of Florida International University (FIU) Revolution, directed by Glenn Gebhard. The film focuses on the role of the slain leaders since 1997, this biennial meeting has become the largest international gathering of scholars José Antonio Echeverría and Frank País in the urban insurrection movement against the specializing in Cuba and its diaspora. Batista government in Cuba during the 1950s. After the screening, Lillian Guerra will lead the discussion with the director; Lucy Echeverría, José Antonio’s sister; Agustín País, Frank’s As the program for our conference shows, the academic study of Cuba and its diaspora brother; and José Álvarez, author of a book about Frank País. continues to draw substantial interest in many disciplines of the social sciences and the humanities, particularly in literary criticism, history, anthropology, sociology, music, and the On Saturday, the last day of the conference, we’ll have a numerous and varied group of arts. We expect more than 250 participants from universities throughout the United States and presentations. -
Social Anthropology 2 Handbook 2016
University of Edinburgh School of Social & Political Science Subject Area 2016 – 2017 Social Anthropology 2, Key Topics in Social Anthropology SCAN 08004 Semester 1, Year 2 Key Information Course Organiser Dr. Naomi Haynes Email: [email protected] Room no. 4.10 Chrystal MacMillan Building, 15A George Square Guidance & Feedback Hours: Mondays 13.00 – 15:00 and by appointment Lecturers Prof Jonathan Spencer Email: [email protected] Dr John Harries Email: [email protected] Location Mondays and Thursdays 15:10 – 16:00 Lecture Hall C, David Hume Tower LTs Tutors Tutor’s name: Jenny Lawy Email: [email protected] Tutor’s name: Heid Jerstad Email: [email protected] Tutor’s name: Leo Hopkinson Email: [email protected] Course Secretary Secretary’s name: Lauren Ayre Email: [email protected] Undergraduate Teaching Office Assessment • Essay #1 – 17 October 2016 12 noon Deadlines • Essay #2 – 14 November 2016 12 noon • Essay #3 – 12 December 2016 12 noon Aims and Objectives This course will provide a historical overview of anthropological thought and will be taught through an introduction to keywords that have helped to shape the development of social anthropology. The thematic approach is designed to be engaging and stimulating to students and to help to foster critical conceptual and theoretical thought. It will highlight the continued significance of key concepts and oppositions over time. The course is organized around the exploration of a cluster of linked keywords: society and culture; humans and the environment; and persons and 2016-17 Social Anthropology 2A 1 production. -
Blackwell Companion to the Anthropology of Politics
1 Blackwell Companion to the Anthropology of Politics Human Rights Richard A. Wilson [email protected] I. Human Rights, Cultural Relativism and the Cold War In the middle of the twentieth century, cultural anthropology was largely hostile to the notion of human rights, but by the end of the twentieth century, the study of human rights had become a significant strand within political anthropology. This is an account of that realignment of the place of rights in the discipline from marginality to mainstream. The key to understanding anthropology's historical opposition to human rights lies in the centrality of the concept of 'culture' and the resultant adherence to a moral-ethical position of cultural relativism within the discipline during the Cold War period of 1945-1989. In the United States by the 1940s, cultural anthropology was becoming established in universities as one of the youngest of the social sciences. The founding father of modern cultural anthropology in the US was a German emigré Franz Boas (1859-1941), who carried out empirical research among Inuit (Eskimos) and North American Indians. Boas reacted against the widely accepted evolutionary theories of the time, advocated by those such as the British anthropologist Edward Tylor, the sociologist Hebert Spencer and Lewis Henry Morgan who in turn influenced Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Evolutionism broadly asserted that all societies progressed in a unilinear fashion along a scale from the most 'simple' to the most 'complex', with each stage achieving a higher level of moral and societal improvement. In the context of the European colonialism of the time, this social evolutionism involved an explicit ranking of societies which reinforced the colonial project and a sense of western superiority. -
People Without Government
People Without Government Brian Morris 2007 Contents 1. Two Images of Humans ..................................... 3 2. What is Politics? ......................................... 3 3. Societies without Government ................................. 7 4. Three Contexts of Politics .................................... 7 5. Matriliny and Mother Goddess Religion ............................ 12 2 1. Two Images of Humans Western social science and eco-philosophy are perennially torn between two contradictory images of the human species. One, associated with Thomas Hobbes (1651), sees human social life as a“war against all,” and human nature as essentially possessive, individualistic, egotistic and aggressive, it is a basic tenet of the “possessive individualism” of liberal political theory (MacPherson 1962).The other, associated with Rousseau, depicts human nature in terms of the “noble savage” — of the hu- man species as good, rational, and angelic, requiring only a good and rational society in order to develop their essential nature (Lukes 1967: 144–45). Both these ideas are still current and have their contemporary exemplars. In the writing of many ecofeminists and Afrocentric scholars, a past Golden Age is portrayed — in which peaceful social relations, gender equality, and a harmony with nature were the rule — before the rise respectively of bronze age culture and colonialism (Eisler 1987, Diop 1989). Both these images share a similar theoretical paradigm which sees human relations as solely “determined by some natural state of human beings” (Robarchek 1989: 31). The contributors of the volume Societies at Peace (Howell and Willis 1989) all eschew, along with Robarchek, this biological determinism, and emphasise an approach that dispenses with “universalistic definitions,” suggesting that human behaviour is never culturally neutral, but always embedded in a shared set of meanings.