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Baka: a Highly Endangered Language of Northern Cameroun
BAKA: A HIGHLY ENDANGERED LANGUAGE OF NORTHERN CAMEROUN Roger Blench Philippe Aviwaï Tony Smith Kay Williamson Educational Foundation SIL 8, Guest Road, Cambridge CB1 2AL Cameroun United Kingdom Voice/Answerphone 00-44-(0)1223-560687 Mobile 00-44-(0)7967-696804 E-mail [email protected] http://rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm This printout: July 20, 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................................................... i 1. Introduction................................................................................................................................................. 2 2. The location of Baka ................................................................................................................................... 2 3. Linguistic context ........................................................................................................................................ 2 4. Baka oral traditions .................................................................................................................................... 4 5. Linguistic data ............................................................................................................................................. 5 6. Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................ 15 References ..................................................................................................................................................... -
Eastern Cameroon: the Dynamics of Baka Life and Their Ethnic Relationship with Farmers
African Study Monographs, Suppl. 47: 97–119, March 2014 97 CURRENT ISSUES FACING THE FOREST PEOPLE IN SOUTH- EASTERN CAMEROON: THE DYNAMICS OF BAKA LIFE AND THEIR ETHNIC RELATIONSHIP WITH FARMERS Shiho HATTORI Faculty of International Studies, Tenri University ABSTRACT This paper examines the dynamics of the relationship between Baka hunter-gatherers and farmers in the forests of southeastern Cameroon, focusing on 2 aspects of this situation: Changes in the Baka lifestyle and the attitudes of the 2 ethnic groups toward the external society. As a result of the sedentarization policy promoted by the government since the 1950s, the nomadic Baka hunter-gatherers have settled near the farmers’ villages. This transformation has made the Baka more economically and politically dependent on the farmers. In recent decades, the introduction of logging companies, tourism businesses, and conservation agencies to the forest in which the Baka reside has created conflicts of interest between these outside actors and the Baka with regard to forest resources. The majority of the benefits generated by these outside agencies have gone to farmers’ groups, and the Baka have been marginalized politically and economically. Interventions by outside agencies appear to play a decisive role the future sustainability of the Baka way of life. Key Words: Baka hunter-gatherers; Konabembe farmers; Cameroon; Marginalization; Transformation of life; Ethnic relationship. INTRODUCTION In late July 2001, a local forest officer organized a meeting to initiate a forest conservation project in Malea Ancien village in southeastern Cameroon. The meeting was attended by Konabembe farmers and Baka hunter-gatherers who were living in one Konabembe hamlet. -
The Making and Unmaking of Ethnic Boundaries: a Multilevel Process Theory1
The Making and Unmaking of Ethnic Boundaries: A Multilevel Process Theory1 Andreas Wimmer University of California, Los Angeles Primordialist and constructivist authors have debated the nature of ethnicity “as such” and therefore failed to explain why its charac- teristics vary so dramatically across cases, displaying different de- grees of social closure, political salience, cultural distinctiveness, and historical stability. The author introduces a multilevel process theory to understand how these characteristics are generated and trans- formed over time. The theory assumes that ethnic boundaries are the outcome of the classificatory struggles and negotiations between actors situated in a social field. Three characteristics of a field—the institutional order, distribution of power, and political networks— determine which actors will adopt which strategy of ethnic boundary making. The author then discusses the conditions under which these negotiations will lead to a shared understanding of the location and meaning of boundaries. The nature of this consensus explains the particular characteristics of an ethnic boundary. A final section iden- tifies endogenous and exogenous mechanisms of change. TOWARD A COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY OF ETHNIC BOUNDARIES Beyond Constructivism The comparative study of ethnicity rests firmly on the ground established by Fredrik Barth (1969b) in his well-known introduction to a collection 1 Various versions of this article were presented at UCLA’s Department of Sociology, the Institute for Migration Research and Intercultural Studies of the University of Osnabru¨ ck, Harvard’s Center for European Studies, the Center for Comparative Re- search of Yale University, the Association for the Study of Ethnicity at the London School of Economics, the Center for Ethnicity and Citizenship of the University of Bristol, the Department of Political Science and International Relations of University College Dublin, and the Department of Sociology of the University of Go¨ttingen. -
A Multidisciplinary Approach of the Bantu-Speaking Populations of Africa (OMLL – 01-JA27: 01-B07/01-S08/01-V01)
Language, Culture and Genes in Bantu: a Multidisciplinary Approach of the Bantu-speaking Populations of Africa (OMLL – 01-JA27: 01-B07/01-S08/01-V01) The Case of Gabon Lolke J. Van der Veen (Project Leader), Jaume Bertranpetit (Principal Investigator), David Comas, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Mark Stoneking (Principal Investigator) Introduction This interdisciplinary EUROCORES OMLL project started at the beginning of 2002 as an extended version of a similar project on Bantu languages and genes. This latter officially commenced, under Lolke Van der Veen’s supervision, in July 2000 as part of the “Origine de l’Homme, du Langage et des Langues” programme launched and funded by the French CNRS1. The present Collaborative Research Project (CRP) consists of one main project submitted by the research laboratory “Dynamique du Langage” (UMR 5596, Lyon, France) and two joint projects submitted respectively by research teams from Germany and Spain (see below). This detailed outline of the project wants to highlight the project’s goals and specific features, and summarises the state of the art. The LCGB project: objectives and approach The ultimate goal of the “LCGB” project is to elaborate a solidly based multidisciplinary theory of the origin and expansion of Bantu and the Bantu-speaking populations, on the basis of correlations between linguistic, biological and anthropological markers. Do historical linguistics, population genetics, cultural anthropology and archaeology all tell the same story? Combining linguistics and population genetics still is a rather controversial issue, but applying this enlarged multidisciplinary approach to the study of Bantu expansion may positively contribute to the debate and offers promising perspectives for a new synthesis in this field of investigation. -
Owh6sigrist 01.Pdf
Christian Sigrist: Segmentary Societies: The Evolution and Actual Relevance of an Interdisciplinary Conception. in: Bernhard Streck (Hg.): Segmentation und Komplementarität. Organisatorische, ökonomische und kulturelle Aspekte der Interaktion von Nomaden und Sesshaften. Beiträge der Kolloquia am 25.10.2002 und 27.06.2003. Halle 2004 (Orientwissenschaftliche Hefte 14; Mitteilungen des SFB „Differenz und Integration“ 6) S. 3–31. © Christian Sigrist 2004 Segmentary Societies: The Evolution and Actual Relevance of an Interdisciplinary Conception* Christian Sigrist 1. The evolution of the conception in a colonial context and its sociological and anthropological roots In the first year of the Second World War Meyer Fortes and Edward Evans-Pritchard published a reader on African Political Systems (APS) as an attempt to bring into focus one of the major problems of “African sociology” (1940: VII): This epistemic designation appears to be remark- able. The editors could have named it as well: African ethnology. The deviation from academic routine corresponded on the one hand to the epistemological orientation of the “British School” of social anthropology. On the other hand, it ostentatively elevated African societies on the same cognitive level as “advanced” industrial societies paying tribute to rising sensitivity among African intellectuals. And thirdly, the title reflects acute political concerns of colonial policy, particularly in the field of indirect rule. The authors drew attention to the contradictory results of British interventions in the domain of indirect rule in different types of societies. Whereas non-centralised societies were exposed to a process of centralisa- tion by the introduction of chieftainship, in the centralised ones the power of traditional chiefs was diminished. -
1 HIST 2732: Power & Inequality Core Course Fall 2016, University of Pittsburgh Mondays, 1-3:30 Pm Instructor: Lara Putnam
HIST 2732: Power & Inequality Core Course Fall 2016, University of Pittsburgh Mondays, 1-3:30 pm Instructor: Lara Putnam, [email protected] Office Hours: Mondays 10 am-noon and by appointment Posvar 3702 How have scholars approached the study of power and inequality? How has historical research incorporated and added to theoretical insights coming from other disciplines in this regard? This seminar focuses on four distinct dimensions of power and inequality—class, race/ethnicity, gender, and global disparities—each of which has inspired wide-ranging academic debate on definitions, mechanisms, and the possibility of change. We will survey key scholarly interventions generated by historians, sociologists, anthropologists, feminist theorists, critical geographers, and others, giving priority to the last two decades of theoretical debate and empirical investigation. How are systematic patterns of inequality generated and sustained? What roles do cultural beliefs, social practice, political institutions, and macroeconomics play? How do different kinds of inequality—such as those around class, racism, ethnicity, and gender—interact? How do differently scaled systems of inequality—within the household, community, nation, and international system—interrelate? This course counts towards certificate programs in Cultural Studies, Gender Sexuality and Women’s Studies, and Latin American Studies. Course calendar: 1. Aug. 29: Introduction 2. Sept. 12: Class: Marx and Marxian debates a. Anthony Giddens and David Held, eds., Classes, Power, and Conflict: Classical and Contemporary Debates (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1982). 3. Sept. 19: Class: Thompson and Thompsonian approaches. Note: Lisa Lindsay will join our seminar discussion of her book. a. E. P. Thompson, “Preface,” in The Making of the English Working Class (IICA, 1963), 9-14. -
Rapport Sil1 27/02/2014 14:18 Page 1
Rapport Sil 2 anglais:Rapport Sil1 27/02/2014 14:18 Page 1 A Word from the General Director What impact are you having? a k a B M I E o t o h P 10 Rapport Sil 2 anglais:Rapport Sil1 27/02/2014 14:18 Page 3 Administration in Cameroon as of as hoped and expected. Secondly, it is difficult December 2013: A Word from the General Director to determine the impact in some domains. General Director: What impact are you having? Regardless of the challenges, our desire in 2013 Bert Visser was to develop new strategies or modified Director of Adminis - excisting ones in order to have a greater impact tration and Finance: in this nation. David P. Anderson Director of Language We have developed a new strategic plan for SIL Services: Teresa Heath Cameroon. We want to invest more on the well-being of our human resources and to train Personnel Director: Bianca van den Berg more people in the domains that are needed. Our Director of Bamenda desire is to build the capacity of local communities Region: and others to be able to provide leadership and Ria Hedinger ne of our colleagues went on to visit a school Oin the village in the Far North and he was very impressed by what he observed. In this primary one class, the teacher writes a sum on the blackboard (8+5=) and asks a boy to come forward to give the answer. “Explain to everyone what you're doing.” The boy says “Eight plus....five equals....equals... -
Haney Foundation Series : Ethnography in Today's World : Color
Ethnography in Today’s World ................. 18429$ $$FM 05-28-13 10:19:34 PS PAGE i HANEY FOUNDATION SERIES A volume in the Haney Foundation Series, established in 1961 with the generous support of Dr. John Louis Haney ................. 18429$ $$FM 05-28-13 10:19:34 PS PAGE ii Ethnography in Today’s World Color Full Before Color Blind Roger Sanjek UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA PRESS PHILADELPHIA ................. 18429$ $$FM 05-28-13 10:19:34 PS PAGE iii Copyright ᭧ 2014 University of Pennsylvania Press All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations used for purposes of review or scholarly citation, none of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means without written permission from the publisher. Published by University of Pennsylvania Press Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4112 www.upenn.edu/pennpress Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10987654321 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sanjek, Roger, 1944– Ethnography in today’s world : color full before color blind / Roger Sanjek.—1st ed. p. cm. — (Haney foundation series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8122-4545-5 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Ethnology—United States—Methodology. 2. Ethnology—Methodology. 3. Anthropology—United States—Methodology. 4. Anthropology—Methodology. I. Title. GN345.S255 2014 305.800973—dc23 2013019444 ................. 18429$ $$FM 05-28-13 10:19:35 PS PAGE iv For my teachers: Anne Schwerner, Robert Stigler, Marvin Harris, Lambros Comitas, Jaap van Velsen, George C. Bond, Allen Johnson ................. 18429$ $$FM 05-28-13 10:19:35 PS PAGE v This page intentionally left blank Contents Preface ix PART I. -
LCSH Section U
U-2 (Reconnaissance aircraft) (Not Subd Geog) U.S. 29 U.S. Bank Stadium (Minneapolis, Minn.) [TL686.L (Manufacture)] USE United States Highway 29 BT Stadiums—Minnesota [UG1242.R4 (Military aeronautics)] U.S. 30 U.S. Bicycle Route System (May Subd Geog) UF Lockheed U-2 (Airplane) USE United States Highway 30 UF USBRS (U.S. Bicycle Route System) BT Lockheed aircraft U.S. 31 BT Bicycle trails—United States Reconnaissance aircraft USE United States Highway 31 U.S.-Canada Border Region U-2 (Training plane) U.S. 40 USE Canadian-American Border Region USE Polikarpov U-2 (Training plane) USE United States Highway 40 U.S. Capitol (Washington, D.C.) U-2 Incident, 1960 U.S. 41 USE United States Capitol (Washington, D.C.) BT Military intelligence USE United States Highway 41 U.S. Capitol Complex (Washington, D.C.) Military reconnaissance U.S. 44 USE United States Capitol Complex (Washington, U-Bahn-Station Kröpcke (Hannover, Germany) USE United States Highway 44 D.C.) USE U-Bahnhof Kröpcke (Hannover, Germany) U.S. 50 U.S. Cleveland Post Office Building (Punta Gorda, Fla.) U-Bahnhof Kröpcke (Hannover, Germany) USE United States Highway 50 UF Cleveland Post Office Building (Punta Gorda, UF Kröpcke, U-Bahnhof (Hannover, Germany) U.S. 51 Fla.) Station Kröpcke (Hannover, Germany) USE United States Highway 51 BT Post office buildings—Florida U-Bahn-Station Kröpcke (Hannover, Germany) U.S. 52 U.S. Coast Guard Light Station (Jupiter Inlet, Fla.) BT Subway stations—Germany USE United States Highway 52 USE Jupiter Inlet Light (Fla.) U-Bahnhof Lohring (Bochum, Germany) U.S. -
Déroutants Primates : Approches Émergentes Aux Frontières De L’Anthropologie Et De La Primatologie
5 | 2013 Varia http://primatologie.revues.org/1250 Dossier Déroutants primates : approches émergentes aux frontières de l’anthropologie et de la primatologie Special section on Disconcerting primates: emerging approaches in the anthropology/primatology borderland Dossier proposé et édité avec le concours de la revue par Vincent Leblan Vincent Leblan Introduction: emerging approaches in the anthropology/primatology borderland [Texte intégral] Introduction : approches émergentes aux frontières de l’anthropologie et de la primatologie Article 62 Takanori Oishi 5 | 2013 Varia http://primatologie.revues.org/1250 Human-Gorilla and Gorilla-Human: Dynamics of Human-animal boundaries and interethnic relationships in the central African rainforest [Texte intégral] Homme-gorilles et gorille-hommes : dynamiques de la frontière homme-animal et relations interethniques dans la forêt d’Afrique centrale Article 63 Gen Yamakoshi et Vincent Leblan Conflicts between indigenous and scientific concepts of landscape management for wildlife conservation: human-chimpanzee politics of coexistence at Bossou, Guinea [Texte intégral] Conflits entre conceptions locales et scientifiques de la gestion du paysage pour la conservation de la faune : politiques de la coexistence entre humains et chimpanzés à Bossou, Guinée Article 64 Naoki Matsuura, Yuji Takenoshita et Juichi Yamagiwa Eco-anthropologie et primatologie pour la conservation de la biodiversité : un projet collaboratif dans le Parc National de Moukalaba-Doudou, Gabon [Texte intégral] Ecological anthropology -
Introduction
Introduction Robert P. Weller and Keping Wu Th e passing of Fredrik Barth marked the end of an era in anthropology. Nev- ertheless, his contributions also promise new beginnings. As his students and colleagues, we felt nothing could honor our debts to him more than an intellec- tual eff ort that brings attention to his relevance to anthropology today, rather than simply celebrating his legacy. Th is volume attempts to do that by off ering chapters that expand on his work, sometimes argue with it, but always honor its humanist approach. In the process, the book may also serve as a summary of some of his main themes, and it may illustrate how much we owe him intellec- tually, but our main goal is neither intellectual biography nor commemoration. It is instead to pass on Barth’s humanistic tradition of knowledge, so it can live and evolve.1 Such a process of continuous intellectual evolution characterized Barth’s own career as well. In the late 1970s, when Robert attended his graduate sem- inar at Johns Hopkins, Barth was already highly celebrated. Th is was above all because of his introductory essay in Ethnic Groups and Boundaries (1969), which had appeared a decade earlier. Th ough Barth repeatedly said that he was not an expert on ethnicity, this essay fundamentally shifted the way people conceptualize ethnicity—from “cultural stuff ” to the boundaries actors set out to maintain. However, instead of dwelling on his fame or reiterating his earlier ideas, it was clear that Barth at that time was wrestling with new issues, espe- cially with the problem of how to understand a person as both a potentially cre- ative individual and as a product of broader social processes. -
Intellectual Roots of Key Anthropologists
SELECTIONS FROM ASSESSING CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY Robert Borofsky, editor (1994) New York: McGraw-Hill FREDRIK BARTH is currently Research Fellow under the Norwegian Ministry of Culture and Professor of Anthropology at Emory University. He has previously taught at the universities of Oslo and Bergen, and as a visitor at various American departments of anthropology. He has carried out research in a number of areas, starting in the Middle East with a focus on tribal politics and ecology. His best known works from this period are: Political Leadership among Swat Pathans (1959), Nomads of South Persia (1961), Models of Social Organization (1964), and the edited work Ethnic Groups and Boundaries (1969). Later, he has also done fieldwork in New Guinea and Southeast Asia, and among his publications are Ritual and Knowledge among the Baktaman of New Guinea (1975) and Cosmologies in the Making (1987). A monograph entitled Balinese Worlds will appear in 1993. "After a wartime childhood in Norway, I started at the University of Chicago with an interest in paleontology and human evolution. But the active and rich teaching program of Fred Eggan, Sol Tax, Robert Redfield and others broadened my intellectual horizon and led, after an interlude on a dig in Iraq with Bob Braidwood, to my choice of social anthropology as the focus of my work. My foundations derived indirectly from Radcliffe-Brown, who had taught my teachers during the 1930s. "Like many of my Chicago cohort, I went on to further studies in England. I chose the L.S.E. Autobiographies: 2 and developed a life-long association with Raymond Firth and, even more importantly, with Edmund Leach, whom I later followed to Cambridge for my Ph.D.