DOCSLIB.ORG

The Oxford History of Hinduism: Hindu

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Oxford History of Hinduism: Hindu THE OXFORD HISTORY OF HINDUISM General Editor: GAVIN FLOOD The Oxford History of Hinduism Hindu Law A New History of Dharmaśāstra Edited by PATRICK OLIVELLE DONALD R. DAVIS, JR. 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford, OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries © Oxford University Press 2018 The moral rights of the authors have been asserted First Edition published in 2018 Impression: 1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, by licence or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this work in any other form and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, United States of America British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Control Number: 2017942091 ISBN 978–0–19–870260–3 Printed and bound by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY Links to third party websites are provided by Oxford in good faith and for information only. Oxford disclaims any responsibility for the materials contained in any third party website referenced in this work. Preface Given the centrality of Dharmaśāstra in the Hindu tradition for over two millennia, this is a book that had to be written. Left to our own devices, however, this is a book that we would never have undertaken. The daunting task of writing a history of Dharmaśāstra under the shadow of the pioneering and encyclopedic work of P. V. Kane would have made us hesitate. So, thanks are due in the first place to Gavin Flood, who, as the general editor of the new Oxford History of Hinduism, invited us to write this as a volume in the series, and to Tom Perridge, the editor at Oxford who, along with Gavin, launched the series. It was clear from the start that this was a book the two of us could not write on our own, at least not within stipulated timeframe. Our foremost thanks, therefore, go to the eighteen colleagues from around the world who generously agreed to write chapters of this volume, drawing on their own expertise: Mikael Aktor, Adam Bowles, David Brick, Richard Davis, Ariel Glucklich, Jonardon Ganeri, Andrea Gutierrez, Maria Heim, Knut Jacobsen, Stephanie Jamison, Timothy Lubin, Mark McClish, James McHugh, Axel Michaels, Christian Novetzke, Ludo Rocher, Matthew Sayers, and Gregory Schopen. They were all busy scholars and teachers, and yet they generously accepted our invitation and agreed to devote considerable time and energy to this project. It would not have been possible without their contributions. Our great regret is that our teacher Ludo Rocher passed away before this volume could be completed; his contribution on inheritance, in Chapter 12, will stand as a monument to his vast knowledge of Dharmaśāstra. We thank Rosane Rocher for her assistance with Ludo’s chapter. Patrick Olivelle Donald R. Davis, Jr. Austin, Texas March 31, 2017 Table of Contents List of Abbreviations xi List of Contributors xv Series Introduction xix Introduction 1 Donald R. Davis, Jr. PART I: HISTORY 1. Social and Literary History of Dharmaśāstra: The Foundational Texts 15 Patrick Olivelle 2. Social and Literary History of Dharmaśāstra: Commentaries and Legal Digests 30 Donald R. Davis, Jr. and David Brick PART II: TOPICS 3. Epistemology of Law: dharmapramānạ 49 Patrick Olivelle 4. Social Classes: varnạ 60 Mikael Aktor 5. Orders of Life: āśrama 78 Patrick Olivelle 6. Rites of Passage: saṃskāra 86 Axel Michaels 7. The Vedic Student: brahmacārin 98 Timothy Lubin 8. The Vedic Graduate: snātaka 113 Timothy Lubin 9. Marriage and the Householder: vivāha, gṛhastha 125 Stephanie W. Jamison 10. Women: strīdharma 137 Stephanie W. Jamison viii Table of Contents 11. Children: putra, duhitṛ 151 Donald R. Davis, Jr. 12. Inheritance: dāyabhāga 164 Ludo Rocher 13. Daily Duties: āhnika 179 Timothy Lubin 14. Food and Dietary Rules: abhaksyạ, abhojya 189 Patrick Olivelle 15. Gifting: dāna 197 David Brick 16. Funeral and Ancestral Offerings: antyesṭị, śrāddha 208 Matthew R. Sayers 17. Impurity and Purification: āśauca, śauca 220 Mikael Aktor 18. Ascetics: vānaprastha, pravrajita 236 Patrick Olivelle 19. Law during Emergencies: āpaddharma 245 Adam Bowles 20. King: rājadharma 257 Mark McClish 21. Punishment: danḍ̣a 273 Mark McClish 22. Legal Procedure: vyavahāra 283 Patrick Olivelle 23. Titles of Law: vyavahārapada 299 Mark McClish 24. Penance: prāyaścitta 313 David Brick 25. Vows and Observances: vrata 325 Donald R. Davis, Jr. 26. Pilgrimage: tīrthayātrā 335 Knut A. Jacobsen 27. Images and Temples 347 Richard H. Davis Table of Contents ix PART III: INFLUENCES 28. History of the Reception of Dharmaśāstra 371 Donald R. Davis, Jr. 29. A Buddhist Monastic Code as a Source for Indian Law 383 Gregory Schopen PART IV: INTERPRETIVE APPROACHES 30. Body 405 Ariel Glucklich 31. Emotions 419 Maria Heim 32. Ritual 432 Axel Michaels 33. Self and Subjectivity: The Wandering Ascetic and the Manifest World 442 Jonardon Ganeri 34. Material Culture and Society: The Ancient Indian Alestake 455 James McHugh 35. Embodiment of Dharma in Animals 466 Andrea Gutiérrez 36. Vernacularization 480 Christian Lee Novetzke 37. Economics and Business as Vaiśya-Dharma 496 Donald R. Davis, Jr. Bibliography 507 Index 541 List of Abbreviations ĀgGṛ Āgniveśya Gṛhyasūtra AitĀ Aitareya Āranyakạ AitB Aitareya Brāhmanạ AitU Aitareya Upanisaḍ ĀpDh Āpastamba Dharmasūtra ĀpDhP Āpaddharmaparvan of the Mahābhārata ĀpGṛ Āpastamba Gṛhyasūtra ĀpŚr Āpastamba Śrautasūtra AŚ Kautilyạ ’s Arthaśāstra ĀśGṛ Āśvalāyana Gṛhyasūtra ĀśŚr Āśvalāyana Śrautasūtra AV Atharvaveda BDh Baudhāyana Dharmasūtra BGṛ Baudhāyana Gṛhyasūtra BGṛPariś Baudhāyana Gṛhyapariśisṭạ BhārBhāruci’s commentary on MDh BhG Bhagavad Gītā BhGṛ Bhāradvāja Gṛhyasūtra BṛSm Bṛhaspati Smṛti BṛUBṛhadāranyakạ Upanisaḍ BŚr Baudhāyana Śrautasūtra ChU Chāndogya Upanisaḍ CII Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Ed. Fleet 1888 GDh Gautama Dharmasūtra GM Gāyāmāhātmya GobhGṛ Gobhila Gṛhyasūtra Gov-B Govindasvāmin’s commentary on BDh GPu Garuḍa Purānạ Har-A Haradatta, commentary on the ĀpDh Har-G Haradatta, commentary on the GDh HirGṛ Hiranyakẹ śiGṛhyasūtra xii List of Abbreviations JaiGṛ Jaiminīya Gṛhyasūtra Kane Kane 1962–75 KātSm Kātyāyana Smṛti KātŚrKātyāyana Śrautasūtra KGṛ Kāthakạ Gṛhyasūtra KhGṛ Khadira Gṛhyasūtra KKT Laksṃīdhara, Kṛtyakalpataru Kul Kullūka’s commentary on MDh KūrPu Kūrma Purānạ Lakṣ Laksṃīdhara, Kṛtyakalpataru . LDhP Laghudharmaprakāśikā or Śānkarasmṛti, Ed. Unni 2003 Mask Maskarin’s commentary on GDh, Ed. in Srinivasacharya 1917 MatsPu Matsya Purānạ MBh Mahābhārata MDh Mānava Dharmaśāstra Medh Medhātithi’s commentary on MDh MGṛ Mānava Gṛhyasūtra MṛĀ Mṛgendrāgama MS Maitrāyaṇīya Saṃhitā NārP Nāradīya Purānạ NSm Nārada Smṛti NSm Mā Nārada Smṛti Mātṛkā PāM Mādhava, Pārāśaramādhavīya Par Parāśara Smṛti PārGṛ Pāraskara Gṛhyasūtra PMS Jaimini, Pūrva Mīmāṃsā Sūtra RāmRāmāyanạ RVṚ gvedạ Śab Śabara’s commentary on PMS . ŚānkhGṛ Śānkhāyana Gṛhyasūtra ŚB Śatapatha Brāhmanạ ŚBM Śatapatha BrāhmanaṂ ādhyandina SmṛC Devanṇabhaṭ ṭa,̣Smṛticandrikā SS Saṃvarta Smṛti TĀ Taittirīya Āranyakạ TS Taittirīya Saṃhitā VaDh Vasisṭhạ Dharmasūtra List of Abbreviations xiii VaikhDh Vaikhānasa Dharmasūtra VaikhGṛ Vaikhānasa Gṛhyasūtra VāPu Vāyu Purānạ VārGṛ Vārāha Gṛhyasūtra ViDh Visnụ Dharmasūtra VidhPu Visṇudharmottarạ Purānạ Vij Vijñāneśvara, Mitāksaṛā commentary on the YDh VīrMit Mitra Miśra, Vīramitrodaya subcommentary on Vij and YDh Viś Viśvarūpa, Bālakrīḍā commentary on the YDh VyPra Vyavahāraprakāśa of Mitramiśra YDh Yājñavakya Dharmaśāstra List of Contributors Mikael Aktor is an associate professor of Religious Studies at the University of Southern Denmark. His publications include Ritualisation and Segregation: The Untouchability Complex in Indian Dharma Literature (2008); “The Cānḍạ̄lī as Śakti: Untouchable Women in Some Tantric Texts” in Goddess Traditions in Tantric Hinduism: History, Practice and Doctrine,ed.B.W.Olsen (Routledge, 2016); “Negotiating Karma: Penance in the Classical Indian Law Books” in Negotiating Rites, eds. U. Hüsken and F. Neubert (Oxford, 2012); and “Untouchability in Brahminical Law Books” in From Stigma to Assertion: Untouchability, Identity and Politics in Early and Modern India, eds. M. Aktor and R. Deliège (Museum Tusculanum, 2010). Adam Bowles is a senior lecturer in Asian Religions at the University of Queensland, Australia. His publications include Dharma, Disorder and the Political in Ancient India: The Āpaddharmaparvan of the Mahābhārata (2007); Mahabharata, Book Eight: Karna (2 parts 2006, 2008); and “Dharma and ‘Custom’: Semantic Persistence, Semantic Change and the Anxieties of the Principled Few” in Religions of South Asia (2015). David Brick is a senior lecturer of Sanskrit at Yale University, USA. His publications include Brahmanical Theories of the Gift: A Critical Edition and Annotated Translation of the Dānakānḍ̣a of the Kṛtyakalpataru (2015); “Transforming Tradition into
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ethiopia and India: Fusion and Confusion in British Orientalism
    Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est / The East African Review 51 | 2016 Global History, East Africa and The Classical Traditions Ethiopia and India: Fusion and Confusion in British Orientalism Phiroze Vasunia Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/eastafrica/314 Publisher IFRA - Institut Français de Recherche en Afrique Printed version Date of publication: 1 March 2016 Number of pages: 21-43 ISSN: 2071-7245 Electronic reference Phiroze Vasunia, « Ethiopia and India: Fusion and Confusion in British Orientalism », Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est / The East African Review [Online], 51 | 2016, Online since 07 May 2019, connection on 08 May 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/eastafrica/314 Les Cahiers d’Afrique de l’Est / The East African Review Global History, East Africa and the Classical Traditions. Ethiopia and India: Fusion and Confusion in British Orientalism Phiroze Vasunia Can the Ethiopian change his skinne? or the leopard his spots? Jeremiah 13.23, in the King James Version (1611) May a man of Inde chaunge his skinne, and the cat of the mountayne her spottes? Jeremiah 13.23, in the Bishops’ Bible (1568) I once encountered in Sicily an interesting parallel to the ancient confusion between Indians and Ethiopians, between east and south. A colleague and I had spent some pleasant moments with the local custodian of an archaeological site. Finally the Sicilian’s curiosity prompted him to inquire of me “Are you Chinese?” Frank M. Snowden, Blacks in Antiquity (1970) The ancient confusion between Ethiopia and India persists into the late European Enlightenment. Instances of the confusion can be found in the writings of distinguished Orientalists such as William Jones and also of a number of other Europeans now less well known and less highly regarded.
    [Show full text]
  • Professor Horace Hayman Wilson, Ma, Frs
    PEOPLE OF A WEEK AND WALDEN: PROFESSOR HORACE HAYMAN WILSON, MA, FRS “NARRATIVE HISTORY” AMOUNTS TO FABULATION, THE REAL STUFF BEING MERE CHRONOLOGY “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project People of A Week and Walden HDT WHAT? INDEX PEOPLE OF A WEEK AND WALDEN: HORACE HAYMAN WILSON A WEEK: A Hindoo sage said, “As a dancer, having exhibited herself PEOPLE OF to the spectator, desists from the dance, so does Nature desist, A WEEK having manifested herself to soul —. Nothing, in my opinion, is more gentle than Nature; once aware of having been seen, she does not again expose herself to the gaze of soul.” HORACE HAYMAN WILSON HENRY THOMAS COLEBROOK WALDEN: Children, who play life, discern its true law and PEOPLE OF relations more clearly than men, who fail to live it worthily, WALDEN but who think that they are wiser by experience, that is, by failure. I have read in a Hindoo book, that “there was a king’s son, who, being expelled in infancy from his native city, was brought up by a forester, and, growing up to maturity in that state imagined himself to belong to the barbarous race with which he lived. One of his father’s ministers having discovered him, revealed to him what he was, and the misconception of his character was removed, and he knew himself to be a prince. So soul,” continues the Hindoo philosopher, “from the circumstances in which it is placed, mistakes its own character, until the truth is revealed to it by some holy teacher, and then it knows itself to be Brahme.” I perceive that we inhabitants of New England live this mean life that we do because our vision does not penetrate the surface of things.
    [Show full text]
  • Interpreting an Architectural Past Ram Raz and the Treatise in South Asia Author(S): Madhuri Desai Source: Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol
    Interpreting an Architectural Past Ram Raz and the Treatise in South Asia Author(s): Madhuri Desai Source: Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol. 71, No. 4, Special Issue on Architectural Representations 2 (December 2012), pp. 462-487 Published by: University of California Press on behalf of the Society of Architectural Historians Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/jsah.2012.71.4.462 Accessed: 02-07-2016 12:13 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Society of Architectural Historians, University of California Press are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians This content downloaded from 160.39.4.185 on Sat, 02 Jul 2016 12:13:51 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Figure 1 The relative proportions of parts of columns (from Ram Raz, Essay on the Architecture of the Hindus [London: Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 1834], plate IV) This content downloaded from 160.39.4.185 on Sat, 02 Jul 2016 12:13:51 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Interpreting an Architectural Past Ram Raz and the Treatise in South Asia madhuri desai The Pennsylvania State University he process of modern knowledge-making in late the design and ornamentation of buildings (particularly eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century South Hindu temples), was an intellectual exercise rooted in the Asia was closely connected to the experience of subcontinent’s unadulterated “classical,” and more signifi- T 1 British colonialism.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Book
    "We do not to aspire be historians, we simply profess to our readers lay before some curious reminiscences illustrating the manners and customs of the people (both Britons and Indians) during the rule of the East India Company." @h£ iooi #ld Jap €f Being Curious Reminiscences During the Rule of the East India Company From 1600 to 1858 Compiled from newspapers and other publications By W. H. CAREY QUINS BOOK COMPANY 62A, Ahiritola Street, Calcutta-5 First Published : 1882 : 1964 New Quins abridged edition Copyright Reserved Edited by AmARENDRA NaTH MOOKERJI 113^tvS4 Price - Rs. 15.00 . 25=^. DISTRIBUTORS DAS GUPTA & CO. PRIVATE LTD. 54-3, College Street, Calcutta-12. Published by Sri A. K. Dey for Quins Book Co., 62A, Ahiritola at Express Street, Calcutta-5 and Printed by Sri J. N. Dey the Printers Private Ltd., 20-A, Gour Laha Street, Calcutta-6. /n Memory of The Departed Jawans PREFACE The contents of the following pages are the result of files of old researches of sexeral years, through newspapers and hundreds of volumes of scarce works on India. Some of the authorities we have acknowledged in the progress of to we have been indebted for in- the work ; others, which to such as formation we shall here enumerate ; apologizing : — we may have unintentionally omitted Selections from the Calcutta Gazettes ; Calcutta Review ; Travels Selec- Orlich's Jacquemont's ; Mackintosh's ; Long's other Calcutta ; tions ; Calcutta Gazettes and papers Kaye's Malleson's Civil Administration ; Wheeler's Early Records ; Recreations; East India United Service Journal; Asiatic Lewis's Researches and Asiatic Journal ; Knight's Calcutta; India.
    [Show full text]
  • The Absent Vedas
    The Absent Vedas Will SWEETMAN University of Otago The Vedas were first described by a European author in a text dating from the 1580s, which was subsequently copied by other authors and appeared in transla- tion in most of the major European languages in the course of the seventeenth century. It was not, however, until the 1730s that copies of the Vedas were first obtained by Europeans, even though Jesuit missionaries had been collecting Indi- an religious texts since the 1540s. I argue that the delay owes as much to the rela- tive absence of the Vedas in India—and hence to the greater practical significance for missionaries of other genres of religious literature—as to reluctance on the part of Brahmin scholars to transmit their texts to Europeans. By the early eighteenth century, a strange dichotomy was apparent in European views of the Vedas. In Europe, on the one hand, the best-informed scholars believed the Vedas to be the most ancient and authoritative of Indian religious texts and to preserve a monotheistic but secret doctrine, quite at odds with the popular worship of multiple deities. The Brahmins kept the Vedas, and kept them from those outside their caste, especially foreigners. One or more of the Vedas was said to be lost—perhaps precisely the one that contained the most sublime ideas of divinity. By the 1720s scholars in Europe had begun calling for the Vedas to be translated so that this secret doctrine could be revealed, and from the royal library in Paris a search for the texts of the Vedas was launched.
    [Show full text]
  • PETIT Missionaries Travelers Scholars 2015 Prépublication
    SAALG / SEALG – Paris, 3 rd July 2015 Missionaries, Travelers, and Scholars: the Building of an Indian Manuscripts Collection in the National Library of France Jérôme Petit (BnF) It seems to me that there are two points of view when we make the history of a collection. The first one is a look back on the different entries that constitute de collection: gifts, acquisitions, givers, owners, sellers, geographical provenances. It is certainly the more common way to build efficiently the history of a collection. The second one is to make the history of the catalogues available in the history: who were able to catalogue Indian manuscripts, to whom such a catalogue should be published, etc., are important questions for us, librarians, archivists, gathered together for this symposium. If you allow me to do so, I would like to make the history of the Indian manuscripts collection at the National Library of France through these two points of view. The National Library keeps one thousand eight hundred seventy eight manuscripts in the “Sanscrit” collection and one thousand sixty four manuscripts in the “Indien” collection. Through the term “Indien”, taken as a language or a group of languages, we find manuscripts in Tamil, Telugu, Bengali, Punjabi, Hindoustani, etc., that had been gathered under a single collection at the beginning of the twentieth century. I hope to make clear this point during my presentation as I will talk about catalogues and their implications. The heart of the collection beat for the first time at the beginning of the eighteenth century, in the years seventeen thirties, when the Abbey Jean-Paul Bignon, librarian of the King Louis 1 SAALG / SEALG – Paris, 3 rd July 2015 the fifteen, asked Etienne Fourmont, the figure of the orientalist at that time, to form a collection of Chinese and Indian books.
    [Show full text]
  • Walentego Skorochoda Majewskiego Rozprawa O Słowianach I Ich
    Recenzent dr hab. Kinga Paraskiewicz Projekt okładki Igor Stanisławski Na okładce wykorzystano fragment tekstu z Jagat Singh R āmāyāṇa ze zbiorów British Library, Add. MS 15296(1) f. 110v Copyright © The British Library Board Ksi ąż ka finansowana w ramach programu Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wy ższego pod nazw ą „Narodowy Program Rozwoju Humanistyki” w latach 2013-2017 © Copyright Agnieszka Kuczkiewicz-Fra ś, 2018 ISBN 978-83-7638-940-0 KSI ĘGARNIA AKADEMICKA ul. św. Anny 6, 31-008 Kraków tel./faks 12-431-27-43, 12-421-13-87 e-mail: [email protected] Ksi ęgarnia internetowa www.akademicka.pl Spis tre ści Agnieszka Kuczkiewicz-Fra ś Walenty Majewski herbu Skorochód i pierwsza polska gramatyka sanskrytu . VII Walenty Skorochód Majewski O Sławianach i ich pobratymcach cz ęść I sza […] rozprawy o j ęzyku samskrytskim Przedmowa . 3 Wst ęp. Powody i droga post ępowania . 6 Oddział I. J ęzyk samskrytu, jego nazwiska, dzieje, rozci ągło ść . 27 Oddział II. Budowa j ęzyka samskrytu, [po]szczególne cz ęś ci tej że budowy, stosunki i składnia wszystkich cz ęś ci, czyli zarys gramatyki . 39 Oddział III. Wyj ątek z gramatyki samskrytu w mie ście wschodnich Indii Serampur w roku 1806 w angielskim i samskrytskim j ęzykach wydanej . 86 Oddział IV. O literaturze dawnych Indian, a mianowicie w j ęzyku samskrytskim, podług poda ń P. Chesy, które w mianej dnia 15 stycznia 1815 r., przy obj ęciu Katedry J ęzyka i Literatury Samskrytu mowie, umie ścił . 99 Oddział V. Osnowa wiersza bohaterskiego Rama-Jana tudzie ż dwa uboczne obrazy ( épisodes ) tego ż wiersza .
    [Show full text]
  • Die Koloniale Restauration Des Dharmaśāstra
    Die koloniale Restauration des Dharmaśāstra Das Obligationenrecht in Sarvoru Śarmans Vivādasārārṇava. Edition, kommentierte Übersetzung und Studie der Kapitel ṛṇādānanirūpaṇa und upanidhyādinirūpaṇa Inauguraldissertation zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität Heidelberg vorgelegt von Simon Cubelic Erstgutachter: Prof. Dr. Axel Michaels Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Jörg Gengnagel Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis iii Vorwort vii Allgemeines Abkürzungsverzeichnis ix Studie 1 Einleitung 3 i. Fragestellung 3 ii. Kernthese und Aufbau 6 iii. Vivādasārārṇava und die Kodifizierung des hinduistischen Zivilrechts 11 iv. Autor und Werk 17 v. Forschungsstand 23 1. Vivādasārārṇava und die Dharmanibandha-Literatur 29 1.1 Überblick 29 1.2 Dharmanibandha-Literatur: Geschichte und Definition 30 Einführung 30 Gattungsgenese 31 Textpragmatik 35 Ideologischer Gehalt 41 Formale Gestaltung 45 Versuch einer Definition 48 1.3 Vivādasārārṇava als Dharmanibandha 49 Erstes Beispiel: Thematische Gliederung des Kapitels zur Nichtbegleichung von Schulden (ṛṇādāna) 50 Zweites Beispiel: Zitierpraxis und Regelharmonisierung 51 Drittes Beispiel: Dialogizität und Intertextualität 54 1.4 Der kompilatorische Charakter des Vivādasārārṇava 58 Viertes Beispiel: Textvergleich ViCa und VS 63 Fünftes Beispiel: Textvergleich Mit und VS 63 Kompilation und koloniale Textproduktion 64 2. Vivādasārārṇava und der Dharmaśāstra-Diskurs 67 2.1. Überblick 67 2.2 Vivādasārārṇava als Spiegel dharmaśāstrischer Ideologeme 68 Theologisch-soteriologische Elemente
    [Show full text]
  • Place-Making in Late 19Th And
    The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of the Liberal Arts TERRITORIAL SELF-FASHIONING: PLACE-MAKING IN LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURY COLONIAL INDIA A Dissertation in History by Aryendra Chakravartty © 2013 Aryendra Chakravartty Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2013 The dissertation of Aryendra Chakravartty was reviewed and approved* by the following: David Atwill Associate Professor of History and Asian Studies Director of Graduate Studies Dissertation Adviser Chair of Committee Joan B. Landes Ferree Professor of Early Modern History & Women’s Studies Michael Kulikowski Professor of History and Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies Head, Department of History Madhuri Desai Associate Professor of Art History and Asian Studies Mrinalini Sinha Alice Freeman Palmer Professor of History Special Member University of Michigan, Ann Arbor * Signatures are on file in the Graduate School. ii Abstract My project, Territorial Self-Fashioning: “Place-Making” in Late 19th and Early 20th Century Colonial India, focuses on the province of Bihar and the emergence of a specifically place-based Bihari regional identity. For the provincial literati, emphasizing Bihar as an “organic” entity cultivated a sense of common belonging that was remarkably novel for the period, particularly because it implied that an administrative region had transformed into a cohesive cultural unit. The transformation is particularly revealing because the claims to a “natural” Bihar was not based upon a distinctive language, ethnicity or religion. Instead this regional assertion was partially instigated by British colonial politics and in part shaped by an emergent Indian national imagination. The emergence of a place-based Bihari identity therefore can only be explained by situating it in the context of 19th century colonial politics and nationalist sentiments.
    [Show full text]
  • The Languages of South Asia
    THE LANGUAGES OF SOUTH ASIA a catalogue of rare books: dictionaries, grammars, manuals, & literature. with several important works on Tibetan Catalogue 31 John Randall (Books of Asia) John Randall (Books of Asia) [email protected] +44 (0)20 7636 2216 www.booksofasia.com VAT Number : GB 245 9117 54 Cover illustration taken from no. 4 (Colebrooke) in this catalogue; inside cover illustrations taken from no. 206 (Williams). © John Randall (Books of Asia) 2017 THE LANGUAGES OF SOUTH ASIA Catalogue 31 John Randall (Books of Asia) INTRODUCTION The conversion of the East India Company from trading concern to regional power South Asia, home to six distinct linguistic gave further impetus to the study of South families, remains one of the most Asian languages. Employees of the linguistically complex regions on earth. Company were charged with producing According to the 2001 Census of India, linguistic guides for official purposes. 1,721 languages and dialects were spoken as Military officers needed language skills to mother tongues. Of these, 29 had one issue commands to locally recruited troops. million or more speakers, and a further 31 And as the Company sought to perpetuate more than 100,000. the Mughal system of rule, knowledge of Persian as well as regional languages was The political implications of such dizzying essential for revenue collectors and diversity have been no less complex. Since administrators of justice. 1953, there have been many attempts to re- divide the country along linguistic lines. As All the while, some independent European recently as 2014, the new state of Telangana scholars demonstrated a genuine interest in was created as a homeland for Telugu and empathy for South Asian languages and speakers.
    [Show full text]
  • Systems of Religion and Morality in the Collections of the Royal Asiatic Society
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 298 February, 2020 Systems of Religion and Morality in the Collections of the Royal Asiatic Society by Edward Weech Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS FOUNDED 1986 Editor-in-Chief VICTOR H. MAIR Associate Editors PAULA ROBERTS MARK SWOFFORD ISSN 2157-9679 (print) 2157-9687 (online) SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series dedicated to making available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor-in-chief actively encourages younger, not yet well established scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including romanized modern standard Mandarin and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino-Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. Submissions are regularly sent out for peer review, and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form.
    [Show full text]
  • Provincial Geographies of India (Volume 2).Pdf
    Provincial Geographies of India GENERAL EDITOR SIR T. H. HOLLAND, K.C.I.E., D.Sc, F.R.S. BENGAL BIHAR AND ORISSA SIKKIM CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS C. F. CLAY, MANAGER london: FETTER LANE, E.G. Edinburgh: 100 PRINCES STREET york: G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS Bombay, Calcutta and madras: MACMILI.AN AND CO., Coronto: J. M. DENT AND SONS, LTD. THE MARUZEN-KABUSHIKI-KAISHA All rights reserved BENGAL BIHAR AND ORISSA SIKKIM BY L. S. S.OMALLEY OF THE INDIAN CIVIL SERVICE FELLOW OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY AND OF THE ROYAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Cambridge: at the University Press 1917 EDITOR'S PREFACE N 1910, when I was asked by the Cambridge University I Press to suggest a suitable sub-division of the Indian Empire into natural geographical units for treatment in separate volumes, J. was embarrassed by the fact that the Province of Bengal, as it had been known for many years before 1905, was then restricted, for administrative con­ venience, to the western three-quarters of the old province, the eastern districts having been lumped with Assam to form the Lieut.-Governorship of Eastern Bengal and Assam. To find an author who could give, in true per­ spective and as the result of personal intimacy an outline sketch of two such dissimilar units as old Bengal and Assam seemed to be impossible; and thus it was decided, in spite of the obvious disadvantages, especially in nomen­ clature, to cut off Assam, which differed so greatly from the rest of the new province of Eastern Bengal, leaving to the ingenuity of the author the problem of designing for the residual area a geographical name that was sufficiently expressive without clashing with the new official nomenclature.
    [Show full text]