Supplementary Material of
Simulation-based design of regional emission control experiments with
simultaneous pollution of O3 and PM2.5 in Jinan, China
The statistical parameters (sim(i) and obs(i) represent the simulated and the corresponding observed variables respectively) MO (mean observation) n 1 MO= obs(i ) n i=1 MM (mean simulation) n 1 MM= sim i n i=1 MB (mean bias) n 1 MB= ( sim i -obs(i ) ) n i=1 r (correlation coefficient)
∑n (sim i -sim)(obs i -obs) r= i=1 2 2 n n ∑i=1 (sim i -sim) ∑i=1 (obs i -obs)
MFB (mean fraction bias) n 1 sim i -obs(i) MFB= n (sim i +obs(i))/2 i=1 MFE (mean fraction error) n 1 |sim i -obs(i)| MFE= n (sim i +obs(i))/2 i=1
Table S1. The total emissions of CO, SO2 and NOx in Jinan. (unit: kg/month).
The original emission inventory The inversed emission inventory
CO 1560 7560
NOx 1052 632
SO2 1200 296
Table S2. The index (ID) and locations of the sites in Jinan, Beijing, Tianjin and Taiyuan.
City ID Longitude (°E) Latitude (°N)
Jinan 370111151 116.99 36.69
370111152 117.0 36.66
370111153 117.07 36.69
370111154 116.94 36.65
370111155 116.99 36.61
370111156 117.11 36.67
370111157 116.93 36.67
370111158 116.73 36.53
Beijing 110000041 116.17 40.29
110000244 116.43 39.95
110000245 116.43 39.87
110000246 116.40 39.98
110000247 116.47 39.97
110000249 116.22 39.93
110000250 116.36 39.94
110000251 116.32 39.99
110000252 116.37 39.87
110000253 116.72 40.14
110000254 116.64 40.39
110000255 116.23 40.20
Tianjin 120000005 117.16 38.92
120000051 117.15 39.10
120000062 117.14 39.17
120000072 117.18 39.12
120000081 117.19 39.17
120000095 117.24 39.11 120000100 117.27 39.13
120000104 117.20 39.09
120000123 117.79 39.25
120000137 117.46 38.84
120000143 117.71 39.03
120000168 117.31 39.09
120000176 117.38 38.98
120000186 117.18 39.22
120000301 117.40 39.12
120000302 117.76 39.16
120000306 117.16 39.08
120000307 117.18 39.21
Taiyuan 140100001 112.43 38.01
140100052 112.57 37.91
140100053 112.52 37.89
140100054 112.48 37.78
140100056 112.54 37.99
140100057 112.54 37.87
140100059 112.57 37.82
140100062 112.56 37.74
140100063 112.47 37.71
Table S3. Statistical parameters of the simulated meteorological factors, including surface temperature (T), relative humidity (RH) and wind speed (WS) in Jinan, Beijing, Tianjin and Taiyuan in June 2015.
City Factors MO MM MB r MFB (%) MFE (%)
Jinan T (℃) 26 27.8 1.8 0.88 7.1 8.0
RH (%) 52.9 40.3 -12.6 0.88 -28.0 29.4
WS (m s-1) 2.5 3.6 1.1 0.70 34.8 51.0
Beijing T (℃) 24.4 26.4 2.0 0.88 8.2 8.8
RH (%) 56.5 38.1 -18.4 0.79 -37.1 38.0
WS (m s-1) 2.2 2.6 0.4 0.46 17.6 53.8
Tianjin T (℃) 25.6 25.8 0.1 0.86 -0.3 8.1
RH (%) 44.9 45.0 0.1 0.81 -0.4 20.1
WS (m s-1) 1.7 3.6 1.8 0.39 69.5 74.3
Taiyuan T (℃) 22.4 22.8 0.4 0.89 1.6 8.2
RH (%) 52.4 43.3 -9.1 0.86 -18.5 23.2
WS (m s-1) 2.3 3.0 0.7 0.54 27.5 62.9
Table S4. Statistical parameters of the simulated PM2.5 and O3 in Jinan, Beijing, Tianjin and Taiyuan in June 2015.
City Pollutant MO MM MB r MFB (%) MFE (%)
-3 Jinan PM2.5 (μg m ) 79.0 68.5 -10.4 0.61 -18.0 38.6
-3 O3 (μg m ) 87.9 75.6 -12.3 0.55 -23.3 59.7
-3 Beijing PM2.5 (μg m ) 61.2 50.9 -10.3 0.75 -25.4 58.1
-3 O3 (μg m ) 95.6 69.6 -26.0 0.64 -34.2 59.8
-3 Tianjin PM2.5 (μg m ) 56.9 66.8 9.9 0.43 12.3 47.5
-3 O3 (μg m ) 84.9 58.2 -26.7 0.66 -88.2 94.3
-3 Taiyuan PM2.5 (μg m ) 47.5 62.4 14.9 0.60 12.6 57.7
-3 O3 (μg m ) 93.4 75.0 -18.4 0.74 -23.9 42.2
Figure S1. The comparison of hourly variation of simulated and observed surface temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), wind and wind speed (WS) in Beijing, Tianjin and Taiyuan during June 2015. The simulated results are from the simulation with 9km × 9km horizontal resolution.
Figure S2. Comparison of the hourly variation of the simulated and observed PM2.5 and
O3 concentrations in Beijing, Tianjin and Taiyuan during June 2015. The simulated results are from the simulation with 9km × 9km horizontal resolution.
Figure S3. Sea-level weather pattern over eastern China on 6 June 2015 and on 7 June 2015 from the synoptic weather maps of Korea Meteorological Administration. The black circle marks out the Jinan area.