1 NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT Konduga and Magumeri, Borno

NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT

20 DECEMBER 2017

Mission Team: Position (s): Mustapha Grema Muhammed Shelter/NFI Support Farouq Yusuf CCCM Support State: Borno LGAs: Konduga & Magumeri Date of visit/mission: 20 December 2017 Purpose of visit/Mission: Site Assessment Overview: Gajigana is a small town in Magumeri LGA situated 43 kilometers from Maiduguri, Borno. The primary objective of this assessment is to scale up humanitarian response in the area following the recent trend in displacement in LGAs around Magumeri. Gajigana has recently served as were newly displaced population from nearby villages in Monguno, Marte, Mafa and Magumeri itself seek safe heaven and safety for dwelling.

Gajigana currently accommodates 7,000 indigenous individuals and 13, 000 displaced persons from nearby LGAs and villages within Magumeri LGA. Information gathered from population shows that an average household size is 5. Through direct observation (DO), it was observed that about 10% of the houses in this location are either damaged or completely destroyed, with resident occupying the remnants of their dwelling space. Furthermore, it was observed that vast majority (estimated – 90%) of the displaced population have resorted to dwell in self-made makeshift shelters while others occupy public buildings (such as Schools). Gajigana has recently recorded huge influx of displaced persons with its most recent arrivals been approximately 30 - 40 individuals (19.12.2017).

Tungushe which is situated in Konduga LGA, about 22km away from Maiduguri accommodates a total of 3000 individuals which comprises of 300 (60HHs)host community members and 2700 (540HHs) displaced persons from surrounding villages across Magumeri, marte and Jere LGAs respectively. Tungushe has recently recorded series of influx in recent past with its last recorded arrivals 3 weeks ago. During discussion, displaced families in Tungushe clearly stated their willingness to remain in this location till normalcy returns to their original places of displacement and therefore do not intend to move to other location any in the nearest future.

Tungushe Ngor is approximately 1km away from Tungushe, situated in Konduga LGA. Tungushe Ngor has a total population of 3,500 individuals, this figure comprises of 1500 IDPs and 2000 host community members. Information gathered through one FGD session indicates that Tungushe witnessed its last arrival of displaced families 3 weeks ago. These families are mainly from small villages around and across Magumeri, Marte and Jere LGA respectively.

Location 1: Gajigana LGA Magu Ward Gajigana GPS coordinate 12.25922, 13.10480 meri Key findings: - CCCM: Most of the displaced families have settled in the general hospital and the method of settlement is spontaneous. Each family on site knows their community leader and those whom were displaced with no community leaders where attached to a community leader whom they seem to trust on site so as to be able to receive the GFD when going on in Gajiganna as its being targeted through the community leaders.  Major communities displaced in Gajiganna are five as follows i. Magumeri ii. Marte iii. Monguno iv. Mafa v. Gajiram Movement in Gajiganna is still ongoing according to the displaced families the last arrivals was recorded on the 19/12/2017 while they are still expecting new arrivals but they can’t be specific on the awaiting numbers of arrival. Also there is a little number of displaced Fulani settlement in the host community, disperse among the displaced and indigenes of the Local Government.  Major issues raised during the focus group discussion was i. Nfi ii. Shelter iii. Food iv. Livelihood; such as tailoring, cap Knitting, barbing, and local spaghetti/chin chin making. ACF/AAH have been doing a great job but the displaced families pointed out that not 100% of the population is being covered during the distribution. There is no form of camp management structure but the communities have made a representative whom they refer to as the camp chairman whom goes by the name Kamfut Abdul Rasul Bidah. Key finding: - SHELTER & NFI: Shelter;  Displaced families have subjected to solely relying on thatch sheeting’s gotten from the far (approximately 15km from safe zone) bush to make an appropriate dwelling space in order to accommodate their respective families with coverage, hence taking a great risk. It was also observed that the available covered floor area per household is between 6 – 7sq.m which is inadequate to cater for the dwelling needs of an average household size of 5 individuals.  In light of reaching out to the most vulnerable, it is apparent to also target members of the host community with light housing repairs. Finding shows that the most common damage situation are roofs (Roofing materials such as timbers and CGI sheet) windows and doors including minor wall cracks and in few cases.  Both IDP’s and members of the community have expressed their capacity to take ownership with regards a proper settlement setup as amongst the population includes both skilled and unskilled workforce who require little or no support to construct an ideal shelter. The availability of vast land in Gajigana is an advantage to prepare and set up a well-organized settlement plan in view to accommodate the shelter need. 2 lands were identified

NFI;  Families have expressed their urgent need for NFI kits as one of their key priority need to meet their dwelling needs, clearly highlighting Kitchen kits (cooking pots and utensils) as most urgent followed by household essential items (such as mats, mattresses, buckets, jerry can etc.). It’s observed that both displaced families and members of the community are in great need of NFI support and/or assistance. Need/Gap:  It is estimated that about 92% (2400 HHs) of the displaced families are in need of shelter support in Gajigana

 From established discussion - FGD with affected families it was observed that none of these households have received any form of support to meet essential household needs. Vulnerable households are left at the mercy of sharing items with neighbors. It is estimated that amongst the entire displaced families, only about 5% (130HHs) or less have access to essential household items. These families are amongst those who were able to grab few of their belongings on displacement, leaving 2890HHs in need of NFI kits (including members of the host community).

Location 2: Tungushe Ward LGA Kon GPS Coordinate: 12.258925, 13.103212 Key findings – CCCM: Major Findings All the displaced families have scattered in tungushe town but settled according to their ethnic groups.  Major communities displaced in Tungushe are four as follows vi. Magumeri vii. Gubio viii. Jere ix. Konduga Movement into Tungushe is unpredicted as the last recorded arrival was about three weeks ago. There is a combination of languages with the majority being Kanuri, shuwa, hausa, wula wula, and banana respectively.  Major issues raised during the focus group discussion was v. Nfi vi. Shelter vii. Food viii. Livelihood; such as tailoring, trader (Sales business) and local spaghetti/chin-chin making. The displaced families have stated that DRC have carried out distribution shelter kit but did not cover more than 15% of the entire population.

 There is no form of camp management structure but the communities have chosen the local community leaders as the only governing structure they have.

Key findings – Shelter & NFI Shelter;  Findings signifies larger proportion of the population in Tungushe which includes both IDPs and members of the community uses Thatch sheets as materials to set up an ideal dwelling space, with significant difference in materials used as wall between IDPs and hosting families. As vast majority of displaced families cannot afford to purchase these materials, they are left with no option other than fetching these items in far bushes and few to purchase items on credit on the basis of paying when able to do so. However, these adopted coping mechanism does not provide displaced families with the required physical protection and dignified dwelling space. Through one FGD, it was expressed that an average household size in Tungushe is 5 individuals. Nonetheless, vast majority of the population only have access to a total covered floor area of 6sq.m/household.  Community leaders have committed to providing ample space in order to ensure an effective settlement plan in place to well carter for the dwelling needs of displaced persons. However, direct observation indicates 3 available vast lands which is sufficient to accommodate the most vulnerable households.  Members of the community and displaced families have existing technical skills in carpentry and other skilled works.  Displaced persons clearly stated their good habitual relationship with members of the host community as accommodating and hence do not plan to migrate from current location pending when normalcy returns to their places-hometown of displacement. NFI;  Tungushe does not have any functional market and the huge gap with regards Non-food items is quite alarming as both displaced families and members of the community do not have access to required essential household, kitchen and water storage kits. Vulnerably Displaced families have resorted to utilizing whatever is at their disposal as the only means of coping mechanism. During conversation with female IDPs and members of the host community it was expressed that they would have to prepare meals multiple time so ration goes round to every member of the family.  It was also expressed through one FGD that it’s extremely cold at night, hence require bedding support as a mitigation measure to the harmattan season.

Need/Gap: It is observed that some percentage of the displaced population have received shelter support (i.e. shelter upgrade/repair kits) from DRC. However, the gap is still large as vast majority (80% - 480HHs estimated) did not receive these package, leaving vulnerable heads of households with no option than to continue adopting negative coping mechanism to provide shelter solution for their respective families

Location 3: Tungushe N Ward LGA Kon. GPS Coordinate: 12.025872, 13.061012 Key findings – CCCM All the displaced families have scattered in Tungushe Ngor town and also the collective center in the town (school building) but settled according to their ethnic groups.  Major communities displaced in Tungushe are four as follows i. Magumeri ii. Jere iii. Konduga Movement into Tungushe is unpredicted as the last recorded arrival was about three weeks ago. There is a combination of languages with the majority being Kanuri, shuwa, hausa, wula wula, and banana respectively.  Major issues raised during the focus group discussion was i. NFI ii. Shelter iii. Food  There is no form of camp management structure but the communities have chosen the local community leaders as the only governing structure they have.

Key findings – Shelter & NFI Shelter;  100 % of the Participating members during the FGD session clearly stated that their priority need is shelter as available covered living space isn’t enough to accommodate an average household size of 7 individuals, which is the global average household size in Tungushe Ngor. As individual capacity to afford fetching thatch sheets from far bushes differ, not everyone can afford a make shift shelter, hence settling in the only available public building (Primary school). Displaced families has raised concerns on the need to urgently support with shelter kits as their current condition is worrisome.  There is an available land to accommodate an effective site plan. However, for this population, the most appropriate shelter solution remains shelter kits to complement/support their copying mechanism

 Displaced population clearly stated that vast majority of affected families are or were farmers before displacement, hence do not have the capacity to construct shelters or other skilled works. NFI;  Both displacement affected population and members of the community have expressed the importance to have kitchen and essential household kits as the IDP families share items amongst themselves whenever the need arises, which deprives them their dignity. Female participants placed specific emphasis on kitchen kits as they have mainly resorted to using metallic water bowls for cooking and borrowing other items from one another. As a result, this has overstretched the resources of the host community members. Need/Gaps:  It is estimated that 300 HHs are in need of shelter support in Tungushe Ngor. About 500 HHs are estimated to be in need of NFI kits (figure includes host community returnees).

Summary and conclusion:  All 3 location requires absolute camp management measures put in place to ensure sustainability of services delivered  Shelter and NFI is an urgent need across all location and population as affected families have received little (RRM) or no shelter support from partners.  In all location, shelter support should be delivered targeting the most vulnerable and as well consider host families with relevant shelter solution