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A Living Essay of the Bells of Balangiga Bells of Opportunity and Hope by Dan Mckinnon

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A Living Essay of the Bells of Balangiga Bells of Opportunity and Hope by Dan Mckinnon THE BELLS OF SAN LORENZO DE MARTIR DESK GUIDE TO TRUTH A Living Essay of the Bells of Balangiga Bells of Opportunity and Hope by Dan McKinnon 1 Actorum Memores Simui Affectamus Agenda : Let deeds of our past serve as guides to our future. 2 THE BELLS OF BALANGIGA, AN ESSAY THE ESSAY IS ABOUT TWO CHURCH BELLS ON AN AIR FORCE BASE IN WYOMING THAT WERE BROUGHT THERE IN 1904 ABSENT LEGAL OR MORAL AUTHORITY; FROM A PHILIPPINE CATHOLIC CHURCH BELFRY DESTROYED NOT BY WAR BUT BY RETALIATION; WHO REST IN CONTRAST TO THE TREATMENT THE UNITED STATES ACCORDS FORMER ENEMIES AND THE RELIGIOUS AND CULTURAL PROPERTY OF OTHER NATIONS; AND WHOSE RETURN TO THEIR CHURCH WOULD MEET THE HIGHEST STANDARDS OF AMERICAN MILITARY ETHOS AND HONOR. THE BELLS OF BALANGIGA Reflection and Introspection A Living Essay by Dan McKinnon “Tell me a fact, and I’ll learn. Tell me a truth, and I’ll believe. But tell me a story, and it will live in my heart forever.” Foreword In 1998 retired U. S. Air Force Colonel Gerald M. Adams published a booklet, “The Bells of Balangiga”. It was printed in Cheyenne, Wyoming and described the history of two bells taken from the ruble of a burned church belfry in the Philippines and brought to Fort D. A. Russell in 1904. Today they reside on F. E. Warren Air Force Base in a brick wall structure on Trophy Park, a grassy triangle near historic officers’ quarters. Gerry Adams enjoyed local history, wrote first about the bells for the Annals of Wyoming in 1987, and authored other historical articles. Colonel Adams is no longer with us. I wish he was. I too love history. I dedicate this essay to him and all the others who cared for, or care about, the Bells of Balangiga…. most especially Ms. E. Jean Wall. (Published as a “living essay” and circulated in Wyoming in 2015 and updated in 2016, 2017 and 2018. It is now a “Desk Guide” helping pilot the anticipation of those that pray the Bells will once again ring in their Church. This is a story without bad guys. It could end with a story about better guys. 3 Two “campanas colgante”, church bells from the Church of San Lorenzo de Martir in a brick wall enclosure erected for their protection by the USAF in 1967. With ownership asserted by the “Roman Catholic Church of the Parish of Balangiga”, and with the bells part of the cultural heritage of the Philippines and baptized and considered parishioners by their church, the “Bells of Balangiga” have become a subject of rancor and misunderstanding between friends. How I Got Interested This story and interest in the bells begins in 2010 when a friend, retired U. S. Navy Captain Dennis Wright, contacted me about an abandoned American military cemetery in the Philippines. After leaving the Navy Dennis spent several years in the Middle East working for firms supporting the U.S. Gulf War effort. From that experience and with other veterans he formed an engineering development company that won a large construction contract at the site of the former Clark U.S. Air Force (USAF) Base in the Philippines. Clark had been the largest USAF installation outside the U.S., famous to many veterans from World War Two when it was bombed along with Pearl Harbor and Wake Island, and equally renowned throughout the Korean, Vietnam and early Gulf wars. The USAF commenced moving its units out of the country just before nearby volcano Mount Pinatubo exploded on June 15, 1991. As a result of the eruption and coincidental arrival of typhoon Yunya or Diding, what was left of the base was turned over to the Philippine Air Force in November. At the same time, the Philippine Senate failed to ratify the new Military Bases Agreement which would had extended the Navy presence in Subic Bay for another decade. For reasons lost in history, the USAF military cemetery at Clark was forgotten and abandoned. Three years later the local VFW Post embarrassed by the deterioration commenced to cut the grass, maintain headstones, remove ash and lobby agencies of our government to assume responsibility for this abandoned American military cemetery. The VFW even arranged new burials for 4 American veterans seeking interment in Asia. The Veterans Administration (VA) provided headstones. Veterans wrote letters, especially asking for help from the American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) who cared for the beautiful Manila American Cemetery to the south and the Cabanatuan American POW Camp monument north of Clark. All entreaties were rejected with replies indicating that it was felt not to be an American cemetery, that perhaps it was local, had Japanese, Chinese or others buried there. Few in the U. S. realized the cemetery’s historic and iconic character except our veterans living and working in the Philippines. Dennis walked among the head stones and saw American names. There were references to early wars as well as Gulf wars. He hired a retired Army officer to perform research. The outcome was remarkable. Retired Army Major Scott Slaten provided Dennis proof that indeed it was an American military cemetery whose records had been lost. There were over 8,600 veterans and family members interred, including many who had died at the USAF base hospital. There were Americans who served from the Civil War to the Gulf Wars. He called and asked my help. We began a campaign. Dennis established a web site and the Clark Veterans Cemetery Restoration Association, signed up individuals and organizations as allies and champions, rounded up friends and supporters, established a board of directors that had both U. S. and Philippine leaders who understood our joint military legacy and history. He rebuilt the perimeter fence and created a Memorial Plaza. In Washington DC I met with USAF, VA and ABMC staff. Most felt they lacked authority or mission. The reaction of ABMC was particularly perplexing. Dennis made a personal presentation to the Commissioners. The case was made that American military burial overseas was their responsibility, they were the professionals, and the Clark veteran’s cemetery was located between two other ABMC sites resulting in minimal cost. At a Congressional House hearing the ABMC Secretary, former Georgia Senator Max Cleland and a renowned Vietnam War veteran, testified against assuming responsibility. I testified for it. Dennis made a presentation to VA leadership enlisting their support. I wrote a resolution for the American Legion which was approved at our national convention within weeks after putting pencil to paper. The Veterans of Foreign Wars (VFW) followed. The Air Force Sergeants Association piled on. Every major veterans group joined us including the Military Coalition and its 43 members and the National Military and Veterans Alliance with its 36 members. Success came finally when Republican Senator Kelly Ayotte of New Hampshire took the lead and with Democratic Senator Mark Begich of Alaska introduced bi-partisan legislation to direct ABMC to maintain the Clark American Cemetery. We lobbied hard in 2012. I walked the halls of the Senate with a 10-year-old boy from Indiana who had written a school paper about Clark and the importance of honoring veterans. He pitched the Chair of the Senate Veterans Committee and pigeon-holed John McCain in a hallway. “The Dignified Burial and Other Veterans Improvement Act of 2012" passed both houses of Congress unanimously and was the last bill out the door in 2012 in an otherwise contentious legislative year. It was the first bill signed by the President in 2013. 5 Today the American Battle Monuments Commission and its professional and caring staff are ensuring those interred in the Clark American Cemetery receive the honor and dignified burial they deserve. But what does that have to do with the Bells of Balangiga? Philippine Scout re-enactors at the Clark American Cemetery on Memorial Day in a ceremony to honor over 8,600 American veterans and families including many USAF family children. The first U.S. Army Congressional Medal of Honor in World War II was to a Philippine Scout. Honoring Those that Died in the Philippine American War Located in the Clark American Cemetery is a Vermont marble monument erected and dedicated in 1908 to the unknown dead from the Spanish and Philippines American Wars. It had been moved to Clark in 1948 from the former U.S. Army’s Fort McKinley cemetery in Manila, now the home of the ABMC cemetery for the fallen of World War Two. In researching this monument, we discovered that although there are a number of monuments throughout the United States to the Spanish American War (SAW), this might be the only one exclusively for those who died in the Philippines. Then we learned there might be a monument on a U.S. Air Force missile base concerning those that died in the “Massacre of Balangiga”. It was in a small park adjacent to officers’ quarters at F. E. Warren Air Force Base, home of the 20th Air Force of the Air Force Global Strike Command. Thus, begun a journey of discovery and study. What we discovered was an amazing story. How in 1901 during the Philippine Insurrection Company C of the U.S. Ninth Infantry Regiment, having just returned from China and posted to the small Philippine town of Balangiga on the island of Samar, was attacked one morning by native bolomen and the unit almost wiped out. How subsequent efforts to pacify the island of Samar resulted in it becoming called “Bloody Samar”. 6 How church bells removed from the ruble of a belfry were taken in 1904 to Fort D.
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