JOANA PASSOS.Pdf

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

JOANA PASSOS.Pdf 1 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE FACULDADE DE TURISMO E HOTELARIA CURSO DE TURISMO DEPARTAMENTO DE TURISMO JOANA MORAIS PASSOS DE JESUS SISTEMA DE BONDES DE SANTA TERESA NA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO – RELAÇÕES ENTRE MEMÓRIA, IDENTIDADE E SOCIEDADE CIVIL NITERÓI 2016 2 JOANA MORAIS PASSOS DE JESUS O SISTEMA DE BONDES DE SANTA TERESA NA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO – RELAÇÕES ENTRE MEMÓRIA, IDENTIDADE E SOCIEDADE CIVIL Trabalho de conclusão de Curso apresentado ao curso de graduação em Turismo da Universidade Federal Fluminense como requisito parcial de avaliação para a obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Turismo. Orientadora: Profa. Valéria Guimarães. Niterói 2016 3 Ficha Catalográfica elaborada pela Biblioteca Central do Gragoatá J58 Jesus, Joana Morais Passos de . Sistema de bondes de Santa Teresa na cidade do Rio de Janeiro : relações entre memória, identidade e sociedade civil / Joana Morais Passos de Jesus. – 2016. 80 f. : il. Orientadora: Valéria Lima Guimarães . Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Turismo) – Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Turismo e Hotelaria, 2016. Bibliografia: f. 59-66. 1. Turismo. 2. Patrimônio cultural. 3. Identidade. 4. Bonde. 5. Santa Teresa (Rio de Janeiro, RJ). I. Guimarães, Valéria Lima. II. Universidade Federal Fluminense. Faculdade de Turismo e Hotelaria. III. Título. 4 O SISTEMA DE BONDES DE SANTA TERESA NA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO – RELAÇÕES ENTRE MEMÓRIA, IDENTIDADE E SOCIEDADE CIVIL Por JOANA MORAIS PASSOS DE JESUS Trabalho de conclusão de Curso apresentado ao curso de graduação em Turismo da Universidade Federal Fluminense como requisito parcial de avaliação para a obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Turismo. BANCA EXAMINADORA _______________________________________________________ Profª. Valéria Guimarães, Orientadora – UFF ________________________________________________________ Profª. Carla Lana Fraga – UNIRIO _______________________________________________________ Prof. Adonai Teles – UFF Niterói,_____de____________________de 2016 5 Aos meus pais, Natividade e José, que tem me inspirado a ser a melhor versão de mim. 6 AGRADECIMENTOS Ao concluir esta etapa, deixo meus sinceros agradecimentos a todos que caminharam ao meu lado e contribuíram para tornar a faculdade uma experiência memorável. Agradeço primeiramente à minha família, que apesar dos obstáculos apoiou- me durante todo o processo com alegria. Destaque para meus pais, irmãos e para minha tia Catarina, aos quais dedico este trabalho. Às minhas madrinhas Cristina Moreti e Maria São Pedro, que são fundamentais em minha vida. À Catharina Portella, minha melhor amiga e confidente, que compartilha comigo o carinho pelo bairro de Santa Teresa. Aos meus colegas, Beatriz Soares, Jean Viana, Mariana Gimenes, Paula Nascimento e Patrícia Barbosa, que firmemente seguiram pelas atribulações da vida universitária, agradeço pela amizade e companheirismo. À minha namorada Aline Faria, que me acompanhou pelo processo de desenvolvimento deste trabalho sempre com muito carinho, dedicação e palavras de incentivo. À minha orientadora Valéria Guimarães, que auxiliou na construção da minha visão de mundo, e sem a qual não seria capaz de desenvolver este trabalho. A toda equipe da Faculdade de Turismo e Hotelaria por proporcionar-me os ensinamentos necessários. Ao Getúlio Damado e ao Mário Barata, por concederem seu tempo e suas reflexões, que ajudaram a desenvolver este trabalho. Por fim, agradeço à AMAST, à Laura Kemmer e à comunidade do bairro de Santa Teresa, que me inspirou a escrever este trabalho, e receberam-me de braços, portas, estribos e ruas abertas. 7 RESUMO O presente trabalho tem como proposta trazer reflexões sobre o sistema de bondes de Santa Teresa, tradicional bairro localizado na área central da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, e suas interações com os conceitos de memória, identidade e patrimônio cultural. Além disso, traz discussões sobre o papel da sociedade civil na preservação dos patrimônios culturais, sobre os impactos da atividade turística no transporte, bem como sua representatividade para o morador. Para tanto, os procedimentos metodológicos adotados foram: pesquisa bibliográfica, para melhor assimilação dos assuntos abordados; pesquisa qualitativa aberta aplicada com membros da sociedade civil do bairro, com um morador e um ex-morador, permitindo que os entrevistados pudessem desenvolver livremente assuntos em torno do tema apresentado; e observação participante, para compreender como se dá a experiência de andar de bonde atualmente. Ao final deste trabalho, é sugerida a realização de uma pesquisa para observar e descobrir o papel dos turistas no cenário atual de mudanças envolvendo o bonde. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Turismo; Patrimônio Cultural; Identidade; Bonde de Santa Teresa do Rio de Janeiro. 8 ABSTRACT The present work intends to bring reflections about the tram system of Santa Teresa, a traditional neighborhood located in the central area of the city of Rio de Janeiro, and its interactions with the concepts of memory, identity and cultural patrimony. In addition, it brings discussions about the role of civil society in preserving cultural heritage, on the impacts of tourism on transportation, as well as its representativeness for the resident. To do so, the methodological procedures adopted were: bibliographic research, to better assimilate the subjects addressed; Open qualitative research applied with members of the civil society of the neighborhood, with a resident and a former resident, allowing the interviewees to freely develop subjects around the theme presented; And participant observation, to understand how the experience of the tram ride is today. At the end of this work, it is suggested to conduct a research to observe and discover the role of tourists in the current scenario of changes involving the trams. KEYWORDS: Tourism; Cultural Heritage; Identity; Santa Teresa tram of Rio de Janeiro. 9 LISTA DE ILUSTRAÇÕES Figura 1: Mapa do bairro de Santa Teresa, RJ ................................................................... 24 Figura 2: Ônibus de 60 centavos...........................................................................................30 Figura 3: Projeto de bonde pós-acidente. ........................................................................... 32 Figura 4: Dois anos sem o bondinho. .................................................................................. 33 Figura 5: Novo traçado do bonde. ....................................................................................... 34 Figura 6: Novo Bonde. ........................................................................................................ 35 Figura 7: Divisão do transporte ferroviário. ......................................................................... 37 Figura 8: Santa Teresa Chora. ............................................................................................ 42 Figura 9: Trilhos Paralelos – Parque olímpico de Santa Teresa/ RJ. .................................. 43 Quadro 1: Linhas de bondes no bairro de Santa Teresa, no ano de 1921............................27 10 SUMÁRIO INTRODUÇÃO .......................................................................................................... 11 1 PATRIMÔNIO CULTURAL: UMA RELAÇÃO ENTRE MEMÓRIA E IDENTIDADE .................................................................................................................................. 13 1.1 PATRIMÔNIO CULTURAL............................................................................... 16 1.2. PATRIMÔNIO, TURISMO CULTURAL E SUSTENTABILIDADE. .................. 20 2. O BAIRRO DE SANTA TERESA, RIO DE JANEIRO .......................................... 24 2.1 O SISTEMA DE BONDES NO BAIRRO DE SANTA TERESA, RIO DE JANEIRO ............................................................................................................... 25 2.2. BONDES DE SANTA TERESA, RJ – TRANSPORTE FERROVIÁRIO URBANO APROPRIADO PELO TURISMO ........................................................... 37 2.3. SOCIEDADE CIVIL E SEU PAPEL NA DEFESA DO BONDE DE SANTA TERESA, RIO DE JANEIRO .................................................................................. 39 3. REFLEXÕES SOBRE O BONDE DE SANTA TERESA – TRANSPORTE E ELEMENTO DA IDENTIDADE DO MORADOR. ...................................................... 44 3.1. METODOLOGIA ............................................................................................. 44 3.2. MORADORES E O BONDE – UMA RELAÇÃO DE IDENTIDADE E AFETIVIDADE ....................................................................................................... 45 3.3. MORADORES E O BONDE - VISÃO DA ASSOCIAÇÃO. .............................. 47 3.4. ANDAR DE BONDE – A EXPERIÊNCIA ATUAL ............................................ 51 CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS ...................................................................................... 57 REFERÊNCIAS ......................................................................................................... 59 ANEXOS. .................................................................................................................. 67 11 INTRODUÇÃO O bairro de Santa Teresa está localizado na região central do município do Rio de Janeiro. O bairro, famoso por possuir construções históricas do século XIX, diversos atrativos turísticos e abrigar artistas e intelectuais entre seus moradores, é também conhecido por ser o único bairro da cidade que ainda faz uso dos antigos bondes. O sistema de bonde de Santa Teresa é tombado pelo
Recommended publications
  • Rio De Janeiro
    Rio de Janeiro Written by Administrator Tuesday, 03 August 2010 13:50 - Last Updated Sunday, 15 August 2010 11:24 Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America,6th largest in the Americas. The city was the capital of Brazil for nearly two centuries, from 1763 to 1815 during the Portuguese colonial era, 1815 to 1821 as the capital of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and Algarves, and from 1822 to 1960 as an independent nation. Rio is nicknamed A Cidade Maravilhosa or "The Marvelous City." It is considered a Beta World City. Rio de Janeiro represents the second largest GDP in the country, estimated at about 140 billion reais (IBGE/2007), and is the headquarters of two major Brazilian companies - Petrobras and Vale, and major oil companies and telephony in Brazil, besides the largest conglomerate of media and communications companies in Latin America, the Globo Organizations. Considered by many universities and institutes, is the second largest center of research and development in Brazil, accounting for 17% of national scientific production - according to 2005 data. Rio de Janeiro is known for its natural settings, carnival celebrations, samba, Bossa Nova, beaches such as Copacabana, Ipanema and Leblon. Some of the most famous landmarks in addition to the beaches include the giant statue of Christ the Redeemer ('Cristo Redentor') atop Corcovado mountain, named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World; Sugarloaf mountain 1 / 13 Rio de Janeiro Written by Administrator Tuesday, 03 August 2010 13:50 - Last Updated Sunday, 15 August 2010 11:24 (Pão de Açúcar) with its cable car; the Sambódromo, a permanent parade avenue lined with grandstands which is used during Carnival; and Maracanã stadium, one of the world's largest football stadiums.
    [Show full text]
  • Trams Der Welt / Trams of the World 2020 Daten / Data © 2020 Peter Sohns Seite/Page 1 Algeria
    www.blickpunktstrab.net – Trams der Welt / Trams of the World 2020 Daten / Data © 2020 Peter Sohns Seite/Page 1 Algeria … Alger (Algier) … Metro … 1435 mm Algeria … Alger (Algier) … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Algeria … Constantine … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Algeria … Oran … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Algeria … Ouragla … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Algeria … Sétif … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Algeria … Sidi Bel Abbès … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Buenos Aires, DF … Metro … 1435 mm Argentina … Buenos Aires, DF - Caballito … Heritage-Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Buenos Aires, DF - Lacroze (General Urquiza) … Interurban (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Buenos Aires, DF - Premetro E … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Buenos Aires, DF - Tren de la Costa … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Córdoba, Córdoba … Trolleybus … Argentina … Mar del Plata, BA … Heritage-Tram (Electric) … 900 mm Argentina … Mendoza, Mendoza … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Mendoza, Mendoza … Trolleybus … Argentina … Rosario, Santa Fé … Heritage-Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Rosario, Santa Fé … Trolleybus … Argentina … Valle Hermoso, Córdoba … Tram-Museum (Electric) … 600 mm Armenia … Yerevan … Metro … 1524 mm Armenia … Yerevan … Trolleybus … Australia … Adelaide, SA - Glenelg … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Australia … Ballarat, VIC … Heritage-Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Australia … Bendigo, VIC … Heritage-Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm www.blickpunktstrab.net – Trams der Welt / Trams of the World 2020 Daten / Data © 2020 Peter Sohns Seite/Page
    [Show full text]
  • Study on the Introduction of Intelligent Transport Systems in the Federative Republic of Brazil
    The Federative Republic of Brazil Rio de Janeiro State Secretariat of Transportation - SETRANS Rio Rio de Janeiro Municipal Secretariat of Transportation – SMTRio Federal District Secretariat of Transportation - SETRANS-DF Traffic Department of Federal District - DETRAN DF Study On The Introduction of Intelligent Transport Systems In The Federative Republic of Brazil FINAL REPORT June, 2013 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. NIPPON KOEI LATIN AMERICA - CARIBBEAN Co., Ltd. LOCATION MAP Source: Open Street Map Location Map of the Study Area 1 - Entire Brazil State of Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Region of Rio de Janeiro Municipality of Rio de Janeiro Source: JICA Study Team Location Map of the Study Area 2 - Rio de Janeiro Integrated Development Regions: Distrito Federal and Surroundings Federal District Source: JICA Study Team Location Map of the Study Area 3 - Federal District The Federative Republic of Brazil Study on the Introduction of Intelligent Transport Systems Final Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Figure and Table List Abbreviations CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 1-1 1.1 STUDY BACK GROUND ................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 OBJECT AND STUDY AREA............................................................................................. 1-1 1.3 SCOPE OF WORKS ...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Bonding Infrastructure, Affect, and the Emergence of Urban Collectivity
    Bonding Infrastructure, affect, and the emergence of urban collectivity Vorgelegt im Promotionsausschuss der HafenCity Universität Hamburg zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktorin der Philosophie (Dr. phil.) Dissertation von Laura Kemmer 2020 Contents Introduction | Tramspotting 4 New formations: Public transport as collective 11 “No one let go of anyone’s hand”: Bonding as mode of un/relating 16 Afraid of Things 20 According to schedule? Multi-sited ethnography and the value of deviation 24 Mind the gap: Between methodology and praxis 32 First Part | Formations of Collectivity One | Reassembling Collectivity 48 Commemorating suspension: Seven years without tramway 54 Piling up: How infrastructure distributes agency 66 Present in absence: Experiencing collectivity 79 Two | A Premissory Assemblage 85 Rio on rails: The becomings of a Modern City 93 Between asphalt and hilltop: The Divided City 103 Second Part | Modes of Un/Relating Three | Material Resistance 112 Free-riding Rio: Public transport as mobile meeting place 119 Swinging - balançar: The micropolitics of movement 128 Political matters? On ambivalent attachments 136 Four | Promissory Things 141 Stop sign rumors: The elasticity of affective bonds 145 Tight schedules: Proximity and potential 161 Five | Loose Bonds 168 Repulsive asphalt: Strategic detachments 172 Get out, cockroach: Passing on the promise 187 Hole counting: How to care for looseness 191 Conclusion | After Redemption 202 References 218 Figure sources 241 Figures and Tables Figure 1: “Exposição” 23 Figure 2:
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Welcome Pack
    WELCOME PACK 2020 [Digite aqui] C O N T E N T S WELCOME LETTER ABOUT OUR INSTITUTION ENTRY REQUIREMENTS STUDENT HANDBOOK CPF ALUNO ONLINE E-CLASS LIBRARY DID YOU KNOW THAT…? NOTES FOR VISITORS RIO DE JANEIRO [Digite aqui] Rio de Janeiro, April 2020. Dear Student, Thank you for choosing FGV EBAPE (the Brazilian School of Public and Business Administration, at Fundação Getulio Vargas), in Rio de Janeiro, as your exchange abroad destination. We are looking Letter forward to hosting a new group of international students and would like to congratulate you on your nomination to take part in our Exchange Program. To ensure that your time here with us is as enjoyable and productive as possible, we have prepared a pack that contains some important background information on Brazil, Rio, as well as practical information on Fundação Getulio Vargas. PLEASE TAKE SOME TIME TO READ THIS DOCUMENT. As you may already know, Rio de Janeiro is one of the major economic and cultural hubs of South America. It is a cosmopolitan metropolis with a population of over 11 million people (including the greater Rio area) and an important centre for trade, tourism, oil and other service industries. The city of Rio is renowned for the kindness and hospitality with which its residents (Cariocas) welcome all visitors Welcome and provides us at EBAPE with a harmonious and agreeable environment for both work and leisure. We wish you a pleasant and successful stay at FGV EBAPE and Rio and hope that your chosen coursework contributes positively towards your career aspirations.
    [Show full text]
  • Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro Proposta De Alternativas De Traçado Para Uma Nova Linha Do Sistema Vlt Na Cidade Do
    UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO PROPOSTA DE ALTERNATIVAS DE TRAÇADO PARA UMA NOVA LINHA DO SISTEMA VLT NA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO CONECTANDO O AEROPORTO INTERNACIONAL TOM JOBIM AO CENTRO DA CIDADE PRISCILA REGINA DAMASIO CARVALHO 2019 PROPOSTA DE ALTERNATIVAS DE TRAÇADO PARA UMA NOVA LINHA DO SISTEMA VLT NA CIDADE DO RIO DE JANEIRO CONECTANDO O AEROPORTO INTERNACIONAL TOM JOBIM AO CENTRO DA CIDADE PRISCILA REGINA DAMASIO CARVALHO Projeto de Graduação apresentado ao curso de Engenharia Civil da Escola Politécnica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, como parte dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do título de Engenheiro. Orientador: Prof. Sandra Oda Rio de Janeiro Março de 2019 i ii Carvalho, Priscila Regina Damasio Proposta de alternativas de traçado para uma nova linha do sistema VLT na cidade do Rio de Janeiro ligando o Aeroporto Internacional Tom Jobim ao centro da cidade/ Priscila Regina Damasio Carvalho – Rio de Janeiro: UFRJ/ Escola Politécnica, 2019. XII, 80p.: il.; 29,7 cm. Orientador: SandraS de traçado Oda para uma nov Projeto de Graduação – UFRJ/ Escola Politécnica/ Curso de Engenharia Civil, 2019. Referências Bibliográficas: p. 75-79. 1. Introdução 2. Transporte público urbano 3. Mobilidade urbana no Rio de Janeiro 4. O sistema VLT 5. Estudo de caso 6. Considerações finais I. Oda, Sandra II. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola Politécnica, Curso de Engenharia Civil. III. Proposta de alternativas de traçado para uma nova linha do sistema VLT na cidade do Rio de Janeiro ligando o Aeroporto Internacional Tom Jobim ao centro da cidade iii AGRADECIMENTOS A todos os meus familiares que sempre me incentivaram e acreditaram no meu potencial.
    [Show full text]
  • Diploma Thesis
    CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE Faculty of Civil Engineering Department of Road Structures DIPLOMA THESIS Assessment of Effectiveness of Metrobuses and Their Further Development Posouzení efektivnosti metrobusů a jejich další rozvoj Author: Bc. Vendula Benýšková Thesis advisor: Doc. Ing. Petr Slabý, CSc., Prof. Ing. Jorge A. Pablo Cortes Branch of study: Structural and Transportation Engineering Study programme: Civil Engineering Prague 2016 Declaration I hereby declare that this thesis is my original work and it has been written by me in its entirety. I have acknowledged all the sources of information used in the thesis. I have no objections to the usage of this work within §60 of Act No. 121/2000 Coll. on copyright and rights related to copyright and on amendment to certain acts (Copyright Act). In Prague, 30 September 2016 …………………………………… Bc. Vendula Benýšková Acknowledgements I would like to thank my Czech thesis supervisor Doc. Ing. Petr Slabý, CSc. for his professional consultations and comments. I would like to thank also my Argentinian thesis supervisor Prof. Ing. Jorge A. Pablo Cortes for the time spent on my thesis and for providing the necessary documents and literature. Last but not least, I would like to thank Prague’s transportation organizations – ROPID, DPP and TSK – for providing all the data and materials needed. Bc. Vendula Benýšková Anotace Cílem této diplomové práce je seznámení se s poměrně novým systémem rychlé autobusové dopravy – BRT, v Evropě častěji nazývaným jako BHLS nebo Metrobus, a dále posouzení jednotlivých příkladů z hlediska kvality a efektivnosti. V teoretické části jsou specifikovány základní parametry BRT a následně je popsán hodnotící dokument, nazývaný BRT Standard.
    [Show full text]
  • Rio De Janeiro / Rio De Janeiro Host City
    RIO DE JANEIRO / RIO DE JANEIRO HOST CITY Beautiful beaches and breathtaking landscape have made the city of Rio de Janeiro famous the world over. In fact, the city is home to some of the most famous tourist sites in the country, like Christ the Redeemer, the Macaranã, the Sugar Loaf and Ipanema beach. Brazil´s most famous carnival and the lush samba school parade also take place in the Wonderful City (as Rio is known). Rio in the 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil New Maracanã Rio de Janeiro will be the stage of seven 2014 FIFA World Cup Brazil matches, including the grand final on 13 July. The new Maracanã was delivered at the beginning of 2013 and has a seating capacity for 78,838 people, spread out through four types of seat in tones of green, yellow, blue and white. The venue’s PA system has 78 speakers, divided in 26 sets of threes, all fixed onto the structure that supports the roof. For the press, eight TV studios were built on the level of the stands and another four on the same level as the changing rooms. Seven World Cup matches: Group stage Match 11 15.06.14 – 07:00pm F1 v F2 Match 19 18.06.14 – 07:00pm B1 v B3 Match 31 22.06.14 – 07:00pm H1 v H3 Match 42 25.06.14 – 05:00pm E2 v E3 Round of Sixteen Match 50 28.06.14 – 05:00pm 1C v 2D Quarter-final Match 56 04.07.14 – 01:00pm W53 v W54 Final: Match 64 13.07.14 – 04:00pm W61 v W62 Main tourist attractions In addition to breathtaking beaches, tourists who arrive in Rio de Janeiro must visit the city’s main tourist sites.
    [Show full text]
  • Rail Wonders of Brazil
    ENthUSIAST at its end passes over a long road and rail river bridge. Here, the train will wait for those who wish Rail Wonders of Brazil to take photos, to walk over the bridge, in advance of the train, before we are returned tender-first to PTG is pleased to offer our second tour to Brazil following the pattern of our most our hotel for dinner. successful 2014 tour. We have a 17 day holiday using luxury coach travel and one internal Wednesday 12 October (B,D) On this day we must have a lengthy transfer to Tuberao near the coast in flight to visit a number of tourist railways predominantly worked by preserved American our comfortable coach. We are now in Santa steam locomotives. Catarina State where we expect to be able to break our journey around halfway at a small military ItINERARY railway near Lages to have a charter train with their 8 to 24 October ‘Wren’ class locomotive around a circle of track. We Saturday 8 October (B,D) With a 4 hour time expect to arrive at Tuberao in time to visit the £4,350 difference, daytime flights will be taken via a railway museum, where are preserved, a number of European hub and Sao Paulo to Curitiba in Parna the former locomotives which worked locally and State. We should be able to arrange connecting in the docks at Imbituba. Dinner will be at a local In many cases, the railways operate from restaurant. picturesque historic townships, and provide a flights from most main UK airports.
    [Show full text]
  • Stadium São Januário Rio De Janeiro, Brazil | July 2020 Introduction
    Stadium São Januário Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | July 2020 Introduction Estádio São Januário, is the home ground of Club de Regatas The existing capacity of 24,000 odd seats is being expanded to Vasco da Gama. Its facade is listed by the Municipal Historical a 55,000 seating capacity. and Artistic Heritage. Additionally; social infrastructure that will provide for jobs and This stadium also has historic importance, because Brazilian a sense of community pride to the neighborhood will include president Getúlio Vargas used it many times to do deliver an upgraded São Januário Aquatic Centre, multi-sport and speeches to the Brazilian people. The highlight was when state-of-the-art athletic facilities including also a K12 school, Vargas announced the first Brazilian work laws on the tribune sport clinics, a hotel, shopping mall, various restaurants, pubs Super Green of São Januário. and athletic retail, and also a significant Club and Museum to showcase this stadium’s rich history. São Januário is an anti-racism symbol. Vasco da Gama was one of the first teams to include poor white and black players, All of this, integrated within it’s urban fabric, as much a piece opposing the existing racist status quo. So as a way of of history, modern amenity, and also a green lung along with affirming their power and relevance, Vasco da Gama being a state of the art sporting facility. supporters created a huge crowdfunding and brought a property in 1925 to build their own stadium. In 1927, the Club An athletic track skimmed with landscape and digital screens opened just the biggest stadium in South America until that are activated by sensor-recorded athletic activity, a Pacaembu Stadium built 13 years later.
    [Show full text]
  • Paralympic Press Accommodation Guide JUNE 2015 Paralympic Press Accommodation Guide JUNE 2015 1 Introduction
    Paralympic Press Accommodation Guide JUNE 2015 Paralympic Press Accommodation Guide JUNE 2015 1 Introduction....................................................................... 4 Quick guide to reserving press accommodation ........5 2 The Rio 2016 press accommodation region ............... 6 2.1 The Paralympic clusters ..............................................7 2.2 Rio 2016 Competition venues map ......................... 9 2.3 Press accommodation map ..................................... 11 3 Information about press hotels ...................................13 3.1 Press accommodation in the Barra cluster .....................................................................13 3.2 Press accommodation in the Copacabana cluster .........................................................21 3.3 Press accommodation in the Maracanã cluster ............................................................ 29 4 Press accommodation rates and reservation procedures ...................................................................... 34 4.1 Hotels summary ........................................................37 Welcome to the Press Accommodation Guide for the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games. The accommodation for the Paralympic Games will be in three of the four Olympic clusters in Rio de Janeiro – Barra, Maracanã and Copacabana. This guide is written specifically for the accredited written and photographic press and non-rights holding briadcasters. We have included as much information as possible to ensure you can make the best choices for your accommodation.
    [Show full text]
  • Human Environments Urban Revision1
    Lornshill Academy Geography Department Higher Revision Human Environments - Urban Human Environments Urban Reasons for increased urban growth There are many reasons for increased urban growth in the developing world. Some of which are: increasing birth rates and decreasing death rates improved health care in many developing countries leading to longer life expectancies employment opportunities are greater within urban areas better paid jobs in the cities, an expected higher standard of living, and more reliable food are all pull factors - reasons why people are attracted to the city people who migrate to towns and cities tend to be young adults and therefore have higher birth rates better medical conditions compared to the countryside mean more successful births and a better life expectancy However, there are many problems associated with rapid growth. These include unplanned housing (squatter settlements/shanty towns), dealing with urban waste, pollution and stress on infrastructure and the city's services. Problems in urban areas Population growth has led to problems in many urban areas. Traffic congestion is a major issue in developed and developing countries. In developed world cities, there has been an increase in the number of cars on the road. As more people move to the edge of towns and cities, traffic congestion may get worse. Many people will drive their cars into the city centre for work. Substantial numbers get there on newer, larger roads or motorways. These roads then link up with older, narrower roads in the city centre. This causes a bottleneck and congestion. Many inner city areas, with a network of narrow roads and many junctions, cannot cope with the increased volume of traffic.
    [Show full text]