Interpreting Open Course Translation in China Market Leading Software for Translation Professionals

Language | Technology | Business January/February 2016

Industry Focus: Interpreting Open course translation in China Market leading software for translation professionals

SDL Language Solutions offer a unique language technology platform

From translation memory productivity tools for the individual translator to project management software for translator teams, from translation management solutions to cloud-based machine translation for enterprises and LSPs. You are not just investing in a market-leading translation productivity tool when you buy SDL Trados Studio, you are investing in a CAT tool that integrates with the full SDL language technology platform including the new innovative Language Cloud.

Find out more: www.translationzone.com or www.sdl.com

SDL Language Cloud Meet the Customer Language Cloud machine translation is a great way for Experience Team! translators to leverage secure, high-quality machine Our team of dedicated experts are translation for their post-editing needs. Accessible on hand to answer your questions directly from within the Studio interface. and help you with SDL Trados Take advantage of the 30-day free trial or choose a package Studio. Chat with the team on that suits your needs. bit.ly/SDLChat and discover how easy it is to get started. www.sdl.com/languagecloud/machine-translation/

SDL_ad_Language_Cloud_Multilingual.indd 1 26/11/2015 12:06 on the web at www.multilingual.com

Market leading software MultiLingual for translation professionals #157 Volume 27 Issue 1 January/February 2016 Events at a glance Editor-in-Chief, Publisher: Donna Parrish SDL Language Solutions offer a unique language technology platform Managing Editor: Katie Botkin LocWorld30 – Tokyo April 13-15, 2016 Proofreaders: Bonnie Hagan, Bernie Nova News: Kendra Gray Production: Darlene Dibble, Doug Jones From translation memory productivity tools for the individual translator to project management Cover Photo: Doug Jones software for translator teams, from translation management solutions to cloud-based machine Technical Analyst: Curtis Booker translation for enterprises and LSPs. You are not just investing in a market-leading translation Assistants: Shannon Abromeit, Discover Global Success productivity tool when you buy SDL Trados Studio, you are investing in a CAT tool that integrates Chelsea Nova Making your conference plans for the new year? Visit our events page at with the full SDL language technology platform including the new innovative Language Cloud. Circulation: Terri Jadick Special Projects: Bernie Nova www.multilingual.com/events to find conferences and workshops that Marketing Coordinator: Marjolein cover language, internationalization, localization and global business. Use Groot Nibbelink the search box to filter your findings. Have an event that you would like to Find out more: www.translationzone.com or www.sdl.com Advertising Director: Jennifer Del Carlo list? Fill out the online form with your information and we will list it! Advertising: Kevin Watson Finance: Leah Thoreson Editorial Board Miguel Bernal-Merino, David Filip, Aki Ito, Get social with us Nataly Kelly, Ultan Ó Broin, Jost Zetzsche Advertising [email protected] MultiLingual keeps an active presence in social media. Join the conversa- www.multilingual.com/advertising tion and follow us directly at 208-263-8178 @multilingualmag, @mlconnect Subscriptions, back issues, customer service @multilingualmagazine [email protected] www.multilingual.com/ www.linkedin.com/company/multilingual-computing subscription-information Submissions, letters [email protected] to get industry-related information about news, resources, events and views Editorial guidelines are available at as we share them. And don’t forget our free newsletter delivered directly to SDL Language Cloud Meet the Customer www.multilingual.com/editorial-guidelines your inbox. You can sign up at www.multilingual.com/news. Experience Team! Reprints: [email protected] Language Cloud machine translation is a great way for MultiLingual Computing, Inc. translators to leverage secure, high-quality machine Our team of dedicated experts are 319 North First Avenue, Suite 2 translation for their post-editing needs. Accessible Sandpoint, Idaho 83864-1495 USA Subscriptions on hand to answer your questions [email protected] directly from within the Studio interface. and help you with SDL Trados www.multilingual.com Studio. Chat with the team on © MultiLingual Computing, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction The print magazine is mailed nine times a Take advantage of the 30-day free trial or choose a package without permission is prohibited. For reprints and e-prints, please year (eight issues plus the annual resource bit.ly/SDLChat and discover how email [email protected] or call 208-263-8178. that suits your needs. MultiLingual (ISSN 1523-0309), January/February 2016, is published directory/index) for $58 domestically, $85 monthly except, Apr-May, Jul-Aug, Oct-Nov for US $58, easy it is to get started. international $85 per year by MultiLingual Computing, Inc., internationally, and includes full access to 319 North First Avenue, Suite 2, Sandpoint, ID 83864-1495. Periodicals www.sdl.com/languagecloud/machine-translation/ postage paid at Sandpoint, ID and additional mailing offices. the digital version of MultiLingual. This POSTMASTER: Send address changes to MultiLingual, 319 North First Avenue, Suite 2, Sandpoint, ID 83864-1495. includes back issues to 2006, delivered in

This NewPage paper has been an interactive format. A digital subscription chain-of-custody certified by is available for only $28. three independent third-party certification systems. Follow us on twitter @sdltrados, YouTube “SDL Trados” or LinkedIn “SDL Trados Group”. Subscribe online at . MultiLingual is printed on 30% www.multilingual.com/subscribe post-consumer recycled paper. January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 3

SDL_ad_Language_Cloud_Multilingual.indd 1 26/11/2015 12:06 Katie Botkin Post Editing

Interpreting versus translation

It could be argued that interpreting places has never heard of localization, there is a growing interpreting market is the face of the translation and he or she has almost certainly seen within the language services industry — localization industry. Certainly, when interpreters at work, either in real life or something we should all be aware of. outsiders think about translation, on television. Interpreting even makes Peng Wang of the University of Ithey nearly always seem to picture front page news — at least if there’s a Maryland covers some general ground interpreters, duking it out against major faux pas made, and a diplomatic rules for interpreter competence and despotic evil in a United Nations message gets derailed thanks to the practice. Angela Sasso of Shifting Pictures conference interpreter’s booth. wrong choice of interpreted words offers her perspective on community This confusion between translation between heads of state. interpreting. Amanda Davies of Capita and interpretation tends to annoy both Despite this, up until now, we haven’t TI explains the situation in the United translators and interpreters, but it is had as much about interpretation in our Kingdom in order to provide background nonetheless true that interpreters are magazine as other branches of the global for a discussion of interpreter costs. the more publicly obvious of the two. language industry. But as Hélène Pielmeier Cristina Silva of the Middlebury Institute Although the average citizen of many of CSA Research points out in this issue, of International Studies showcases a couple of smartphone apps that may come in handy for interpreters. More broadly, Emma Mas-Jones of Conference Rental gives an overview of the interpreting technology landscape. Elsewhere, translation still rules the day in the pages of our magazine: Exequiel Klopman offers some tips on processing image text for translation and Gao Min has an article on open courses — free online courses available thanks to universities around the world from Oxford to Yale — and their translation in China. Daniel B. Harcz has a column on taking creative liberty as a translator and when this is appropriate and Frank Lin has another on the usefulness of what he calls “reverse immersion” in translation settings. Jost Zetzsche reviews Lilt, a new translation environment tool created by an industry outsider and currently still in the testing phase. Of course, our industry does not actually divide itself along the lines of translation vs interpretation — the two combine, and the two branch out into broader subjects. Also in this issue, Jeannette Stewart looks at endangered language projects within the industry, and We’re hard at work. Mark Shriner’s Takeaway tells language www.multilingual.com companies how to find and market their unique selling proposition. W

4 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] MultiLinguaJanuary/February 2016l Language | Technology | Business #157 Volume 27 Issue 1 n Up Front n Focus: Interpreting n 3 multilingual.com 26 Developments in n 4 Post Editing interpreting technologies n News — Emma Mas-Jones n 6 News 30 More tools and toys n 11 Calendar for interpreters — Cristina Silva n Reviews 32 The cost of providing n 15 Lilt — Jost Zetzsche quality interpreting

— Amanda Davies Up Front n Columns and Commentary 35 Teaching interpreting 18 Perspectives — Frank Lin in community settings 20 Community Lives — Jeannette Stewart — Angela Sasso 23 Perspectives — Daniel B. Harcz 38 The growing interpreting market 58 Takeaway — Mark Shriner — Hélène Pielmeier 40 Interpreter competence n 50 Basics and practice — Peng Wang n 52 Buyer’s Guide 57 Advertiser Index n Translation 43 Open course translation in China — Gao Min n About the cover: Technology Handmade ceramic tile plaque, Preparing image located in the entry hall at the 47 Women’s Health Center, UCSF, text for CAT tools San Francisco. — Exequiel Klopman

www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual 5 6 the networkingevenmore successful. ees from over25companies,making Elia hostedover50first-time attend- go backwithnewideas.”AtNDKrakow, [conferences] tomotivate,inspire and I encourage LSPstocomeandtryElia doing and that is the biggest luxury. ers (LSPs)really share whattheyare every time...LanguagerServiceProvid- of comingtoEliaconferences. Ilearn has grown 40% in the last three years Language Services,noted“Mybusiness together. Tea Dietterich,CEOof2M open-minded individualsare brought themselves andanatmosphere where success, however, wastheattendees form partnerships. Thetruesecret of and experiencesmostimportantly tools toachievetheirgoals,share ideas to solveeverydaychallenges,getthe ferentiate, stayaheadandgrow. levels and adapt their strategy to dif- of theirbusiness,increase confidence | writing. Thefocus isonpeertraining editors) andteachers ofeditingand editors (bothjournal editors andauthor ers, includingtranslators, interpreters, spectrum oflanguageservice provid- 31, 2015. in Coimbra, Portugal, onOctober29- and Translators Meeting(METM), held eleventh annualMediterranean Editors land andCroatia cametogetherforthe afield asSpain,UK,Germany, Italy, Fin- MultiLingual January/February 2016 Peer trainingandnetworking Attendees learnedfrom expertshow METMs are addressed tothefull Language professionals from as far News in Coimbra, Portugal identify the unique hidden power who showedtheaudiencehowto keynote speakerJohnScherer, and facilitators includingTEDx a roster ofdynamicpresenters spectrum ofbusinesstopics,with working Daysstartedin2007. Krakow thebiggestsinceNet- and NorthAmerica,makingND countries inEurope, Africa,Asia 130 peopleattendedfrom 29 was heldOctober1-3,2015. Over trademark NetworkingDaysevent the nineteentheditionofElia’s The program covered a broad Networking Days(ND)Krakow, Networking Days Krakow

solve practical editingandtranslat- who usespecializedcorpora tohelp of particular interest to those at METM corpus linguisticswhoseinsightswere Waseda University, Tokyo, anexpertin was professor Laurence Anthony of ful crossover betweenthetwogroups. overlapping interests allowedforfruit- researchers whopublishinEnglish.The English asanadditionallanguageand focused onissuesfacingspeakers of with PRISEAL,anacademicconference METM 2015, washeldinconjunction atmosphere. — andnetworkinginarelaxed, friendly expertise andlearnfrom oneanother — members share theirknowledgeand One ofthisyear’s keynotespeakers Exceptionally, thisyear’s event, Coimbra, Portugal, hostedtheannualMediterranean EditorsandTranslators Meeting. Networking DaysKrakowattendeesshareinformation,foodanddrink. of research andeducationalinstitutions. lation companyowners andemployees seasoned freelance professionals, trans- of fields, from translation students to cluded professionals from awidevariety disciplines. researchers inscientificandtechnical developing courses forstudentsand guistics toworkteachingwritingand software development and applied lin- puts hisbackground inmathematics, with science,toJapan,where henow boy heabsorbedhisfather’s fascination journey from Huddersfield, where as a sor Anthony’s accountofhispersonal ness fornewchallenges”wasProfes- 2015’s theme of “Versatility and readi- ing problems. Alsorelevant toMETM METM 2015’s 110 participants in- [email protected] News

only way to further business goals…” The #brand2global hashtag saw over 2,600 tweets during the two-day London event.

TAUS conference held in San Jose

On October 12-13, 2015 TAUS organized “one of the best annual conferences in recent years,” according to Paul Mangell (Alpha CRC). More than 130 people traveled to San Jose, California, from all over the world. The Brand2Global keynote speaker Manfred Gotta explains the processes that helped guide him in theme of this year’s conference was naming several major car brands including the Porsche Panamera, Renault Twingo and more. innovation, and this theme was car- ried out throughout the sessions and the networking conversations. TAUS Brand2Global discusses day on Facebook, 75% are viewed on hosted an insider innovation contest global challenges and mobile. as well as an invader innovation con- opportunities Schneider Electric’s vice president of test. Over 15 companies competed for marketing operations, Giuseppe Calta- TAUS Excellence Awards. After a vote The third annual Brand2Global Confer- biano, told the story of how his company from the audience, MateCat (for the ence was held September 30-October 1, has navigated decades of mergers and insiders) and Unbabel (for the invaders) 2015 at DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel, and acquisitions in a session entitled “Better took home the awards. drew a healthy mix of top executives, Together — Marketing Lessons From One Derek McCann from Welocalize analysts, experts and consultants to fo- Of the Major M&As In The Energy And stated that the TAUS Annual Confer- cus on the global implications of brand- Technology Sectors.” He explained that ence “put the right people in the room, ing and digital media issues. This focus companies have “three branding options having the right conversations to push on the movement of products, services, during mergers: back the stronger horse, the industry forward,” referring to and digital assets into new international business as usual or fusion.” Caltabiano industry leaders from big translation markets is the defining feature that noted that 80% of all mergers fail, mostly buyers, various sizes of language ser- differentiates Brand2Global from other due to poor internal and external com- vice providers and technology provid- marketing events in the industry. munication, asserting that “targeted and ers and developers. Brand2Global attendees saw case timely communication is essential to fo- If there is one thing TAUS learned study examples from major global com- cus the organization and mitigate risks… in the past year, and in particular at panies such as Facebook, Nestlé, Google Social media plays a critical role with the the recent TAUS Annual Conference, and Tata Elxsi as they explained the alignment of two merging firms.” it is that the industry needs a new complex challenges facing brands and In “Global Customer Experience: mindset. It needs to be mission-driven their marketing efforts across cultures Trends and Challenges in Balancing and data-driven. and borders. Global Messaging and Local Relevancy,” A highlight from this year’s event Paula Shannon (CSO and SVP at Lion- was speaker Bruno Herrmann from bridge) spoke with Stefan Tornquist (VP The Nielsen Company explaining that research at Econsultancy) about the “globalization means creating a truly pain point that companies have pub- global customer experience.” In his talk lishing content quickly and consistently on leveraging digital globalization, he across multiple markets and channels. continued, “you can’t go after custom- Shannon told the audience that industry ers without first knowing who they are. leaders ideally want a completely cen- You need to understand them and their tralized solution for content marketing. diverse facets.” Tornquist pointed out that leaders are Ciaran Quilty from Facebook observed spending big on content distribution in in a brand building presentation that the continued quest for shorter time to “there are no geographical or time market. boundaries now — everything competes Dell’s director of translation Wayne with everything thanks to mobile and Bourland made the case in another session digital… and mobile platforms are a that “marketing and translation leaders great creative canvas for brands to tell need to build a tiered model together,” their stories.” He highlighted that of the arguing that “translation may be the worst TAUS conference 2015. nearly four billion videos viewed every way to get quality local copy… but it’s the www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 7 News

Drongo Language Festival New GILT standardization sions of the TMX standard including its se- project at OASIS rialization independent Object Model and The Drongo Language Festival various serializations as the need arises. was held September 25-26, 2015, in At OASIS, the XLIFF OMOS technical ■■ Define and describe lossless or nearly Utrecht, Netherlands. The festival, committee (TC) has been formed and met lossless mappings between XLIFF and re- which was free to the public, offered for the first time on December 8, 2015. The lated GILT standards, define those mappings Dutch-language workshops and speed convener of that TC was David Filip from in an abstract way and for specific serializa- courses on topics such as Italian and ADAPT Centre at Trinity College Dublin and tions as the need arises. Chinese. Keynotes were given in Dutch the co-proposers of the committee included ■■ Define and describe informative best and English, among them Mark Lesun ADAPT Centre’s Dave Lewis, Intel’s Loïc practices and abstract services architecture of Google, who spoke on localization. Dufresne de Virel and SDL’s Patrik Mazánek recommendations with regard to usage of Presentations also included cultural and Lucian Podereu, along with individual the XLIFF 2 family of standards and related dance and a talking robot. and associate OASIS members Lucía Mo- standards including but not limited to cur- The exhibit hall included cultural and rado Vázquez, Felix Sasaki, Yves Savourel rent and successor versions of TMX, TBX, scholastic organizations such as the and Bryan Schnabel. You can check out the SRX, ITS and other related standards used Alliance Française and Vrije Universit- current membership of the XLIFF OMOS for data and metadata interchange in the eit Brussel, as well as more business- TC at www.oasis-open.org/committees/ GILT industries. focused groups such as Babel and TAUS. membership.php?wg_abbrev=xliff-omos. High-priority technical deliverables that This committee’s high-level purpose is to should be developed and published in the further advance standards-based payload OASIS standards track within 24 months and metadata interoperability in the global- from TC initiation include a serialization ization, internationalization, localization and independent Object Model for the XLIFF 2 translation (GILT) industries. This TC will be family of standards and a standard JSON describing and defining standard serialization serialization of XLIFF 2.1. independent interchange objects based pre- Work on republishing of TMX 1.4b dominantly on state-of-the art and legacy (1.4.2) under OASIS IPR may start dur- XML standards that have been successfully ing the work on the above high-priority used in the GILT industries ever since incep- deliverables or later on, given the general tion of XML. Defining specific serializations, sense of urgency within the GILT indus- transaction models, standard interfaces and tries. Major new versions of TMX, com- web services based on the defined objects patible with XLIFF 2 family of standards and object models is also in scope as far as it is also considered by stakeholders as a facilitates the high-level purpose. high-priority deliverable. The following items belong to the Scope XLIFF OMOS TC is working under OASIS of Work and are expected to be refined Non-Assertion IPR mode, which is a very as the TC gains additional insights into flexible, liberal, yet legally safe royalty-free evolving GILT industry use cases. Members (RF) IPR mode that most new OASIS com- will gather insights and requirements from mittees are being chartered under. Most consultations with the wider community of importantly this IPR mode is compatible industry stakeholders and use these insights with all other RF modes in currency at OA- to produce concrete technical deliverables. SIS and W3C. In short, the Non-Assertion ■■ Define and maintain a serialization mode precludes licensing needs when using independent Object Model for the XLIFF 2 intellectual property (IP) essential to imple- family of standards that is being developed ment a given standard, thus simplifying the by the OASIS XLIFF TC. red tape for both the IP holders and the ■■ Define and maintain non-XML seri- standards’ implementers. alizations of the said XLIFF Object Model, David Filip, the convener, and OASIS gen- prominently a JSON serialization, but also eral counsel Jamie Clark will cover this and any other serializations that could not be other aspects of the new OASIS standard- developed by the XLIFF TC for scope restric- ization project in a joint OASIS and GALA tion reasons, as industry needs arise. webinar on January 21, 2016. ■■ Define specific standard application XLIFF OMOS TC is intended as the sister programming interfaces (API) and abstract committee to OASIS XLIFF TC. The Scope of service architectures for various XLIFF seri- Work of this TC is designed so that it com- alizations and other related standards (such plements the Scope of Work of the XLIFF as TMX, TBX, ITS, SRX and so on) and their TC that could not work on this TC’s work various serializations used in concert for items because of legacy scope restrictions. GILT payload and metadata interchange. Strong and close liaison will be maintained ■■ Host and maintain TMX 1.4b (1.4.2), with XLIFF TC, and membership is expected Scenes from the Drongo Festival. develop and maintain any successor ver- to overlap to a large extent.

8 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Featured Reader Profile

David Sommer, director of strategic operations, Net-Translators Ltd.

Where do you live? Netanya, Israel.

How did you get started in this industry? I trained as a licensed electrician in New York City, and in addition to receiving my bachelor’s from SUNY, I completed coursework in Telecom interconnectivity. When I moved to Israel, I sort of fell into the technology side of things. I found myself working in the software testing center of the Israel Standards Institute, where more than 15 years ago I was asked to create the English language version of the website. From there I had one of and read the amazing collection of industry two opportunities, one was to go work blogs that are available and full of useful for Net-Translators as a project manager information. where I would get on-the-job training, and the other was to work for a very in- What do you like to do in your spare time? teresting company in the defense sphere. Spare time? What’s that? Seriously, As luck would have it, I broke my ankle though, for many years I coached youth playing baseball and could not fulfill the baseball when my oldest son was playing. requirements of the latter position, so you I had the opportunity to coach the Youth might say that baseball has impacted my National Team in farflung places such professional choices. I will say that as far as Moldova and Slovakia, and attended as industries go, the localization industry a tournament in Moscow as well. If has been the most interesting and excit- someone had asked me when I was a child ing, with something to learn every day. growing up in the late 1960s or early An added benefit is that as a localization 1970s what was more likely, me going to company, we are often exposed to the the moon or watching baseball in Mos- most cutting edge technologies before cow, Russia, I naturally would have chosen everyone else is, whether it is in the medi- the moon. I took a hiatus from that for a cal industry, gaming or sciences. while, but now that my youngest son is into the game, I am back to coaching, it How long have you worked in the industry? seems. I started out at Net-Translators almost 15 years ago. Why do you read MultiLingual? MultiLingual is a great industry resource Whose industry social feeds (twitter, blog, — in fact, if you ever want to know what LinkedIn, Facebook) do you follow? is going to happen tomorrow in the indus- Mostly I follow industry trends via LinkedIn try, it is your go-to publication.

New homes for Industry Specification Group (ETSI ISG OSCAR standards LIS) to receive all of those standards and related intellectual property. Now The standards savvy community after four years, the ISG LIS is being will remember the demise of LISA in disbanded and ETSI, along with other February 2011. Along with LISA, its interested stakeholders, found ap- standardization committee OSCAR propriate homes for all of the OSCAR died and the LISA OSCAR Standards standards. had to quickly find a new home. LISA TBX work continues at ISO TC 37 management transferred the bulk onto SC3. The work is informed and driven ETSI (European Telecommunications by the TBX Steering Committee at Standards Institute) that formed an LTAC Global. www.multilingual.com 9 News

SRX, GMX and related segmenting AEM and the leading translation tech- Integration Framework in AEM. Users and word counting algorithms work is nology platforms. The connector offer- can quickly create translation projects now hosted by ULI TC at the Unicode ing is the latest result of this effort. using AEM’s project functionality and Consortium. In partnership with Adobe, technology choose files for translation. Commit- Finally, the new maintainer and services provider GCELL has developed ting a translation project for transla- developer of the TMX standard will be the XLIFF 2.0 connector to bring to- tion allows the user to generate XLIFF the OASIS XLIFF OMOS TC. gether AEM customers and translation files for every item submitted. The user technology providers. The GCELL con- can then access the XLIFF files and Adobe announces XLIFF nector allows the export of translat- hand them off in the most efficient able content from AEM to XLIFF. way of their choosing for translation. 2.0 connector for Adobe The Adobe translation partner pro- XLIFF is designed to offer tight Experience Manager to boost gram has encouraged partners to take control over what gets localized and localization capabilities advantage of AEM’s out of the box plu- eliminate unnecessary rounds of gin flexibility to leverage the Translation translation while increasing the abil- XLIFF is the core standard for data Integration Framework. More than half ity to leverage previously translated exchange in the translation and local- a dozen connectors to leading transla- content for its full value. ization industry. It ensures interoper- tion technology services have been XLIFF export support in AEM re- ability between diverse tools and developed and are now available in inforces the core value proposition systems. Based on XML, XLIFF files are the Adobe Marketing Cloud Exchange. of AEM making it easier to manage structured bilingual files that contain Each of these connectors can be easily valuable marketing content and as- both source and target language, as installed using AEM’s package share sets. XLIFF’s interoperability focused well as auxiliary data to make trans- capabilities. AEM’s built-in cloud con- design facilitates being able to de- lation easier. Widely embraced across figuration functionality makes configu- liver consistency across all channels the industry by publishers, localization ration simple and keeps overhead low. in a timely and personal manner. tool producers and language service The Translation Integration Framework’s providers, XLIFF is the definitive stan- API means existing translation connec- SDL announces support for dard to support. tors will continue to work when users The XLIFF connector for Adobe Ex- upgrade to newer versions of AEM. The the XLIFF 2.0 file format perience Manager (AEM) is available plug and play package share means SDL is announcing support for the now on the Adobe Marketing Cloud configuration settings across connec- XLIFF 2.0 file format for the first Exchange. In the latest 6.1 release of tors will be preserved when you upgrade quarter of 2016. As part of introduc- AEM, Adobe has put a translation part- to a newer version of a connector. ing XLIFF 2.0 support in SDL products ner program in place to facilitate the The GCELL XLIFF connector is ac- to the market, following an extensive development of connectors between cessible for use with the Translation development and testing phase, SDL would like to offer a beta testing opportunity for all customers who are www.star-group.net already using XLIFF 2.0 as an exchange Ramsen file format in their localization flows. La Chaux-de-Fonds Starting from the end of January Aclens 2016, the company aims to initiate a Munich Uppsala Sindelfingen Helsinki Saint Petersburg public beta phase for the XLIFF 2.0 file Mijdrecht Warsaw type support. Any interested party can Woking Prague Vienna Dublin Budapest participate in this beta program via Strasbourg Ljubljana Beijing the SDL Community platform (http:// Lyndhurst Bourg-La-Reine Iasi Seoul Lyon Istanbul community.sdl.com). V. N. Gaia Tokyo From a technical standpoint, SDL’s Lisbon Tehran Madrid Cairo XLIFF 2.0 file type support is based Shanghai Málaga Rome Maranello on the open source XLIFF 2.0 Object Barcelona Pistoia Taipei Model created by Microsoft, and of- Alessandria fers full support for the entire set of Asti Bangkok Torino features defined in the XLIFF 2.0 Core Ho Chi Minh City specification. Based on the feedback Betim Jakarta from the public beta, SDL will pri- Tatuapé oritize support for additional XLIFF 2 modules to ensure that specialized XLIFF 2 module metadata can be handled seamlessly and efficiently in 30+ 30+ 50+ 950+ =1 SDL products, without the need to years countries offices specialists partner globally configure complex settings on the end user side.

10 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] LATA 2016

December March 14-18, 2016, Prague, Czech Republic. Calendar Czech Technical University in Prague, Research Group on Enrollment deadline: Global Digital Marketing Mathematical Linguistics, http://grammars.grlmc.com/ and Localization Certification lata2016 December 31, 2015, online. The Localization Institute, University of North Carolina Wilmington TAUS Roundtable http://bit.ly/1HEJT47 March 15, 2016, Vienna, Austria. TAUS, https://events.taus.net/events/conferences/ January taus-roundtable-2016-vienna Simultaneous Interpretation for Virtual Meetings GALA 2016 January 21, 2016, San Jose, California USA. March 20-23, 2016, New York, New York USA. International Multilingual User Group GALA, www.gala-global.org/conference www.meetup.com/IMUG-Silicon-Valley/events/221865056 think! Interpreting Global Game Jam March 20-23, 2016, New York, New York USA. January 29-30, 2016, multiple locations. GALA, InterpretAmerica Global Game Jam, Inc., http://globalgamejam.org www.interpretamerica.com/thinkinterpreting2016-0

Enrollment deadline: ATISA VIII School of Translation and Interpretation March 31-April 2, 2016, Monterey, California USA. January 30, 2016, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. American Translation and Interpreting University of Ottawa Studies Association, www.atisa.org/conferences http://arts.uottawa.ca/translation/summer-programs April February International Conference on Interpretation Together 2016: Developing our Connections April 3-7, 2016, Wellington, New Zealand. February 11-12, 2016, Barcelona, Spain. National Association for Interpretation, http://bit.ly/1Ly1HyF Elia (European Language Industry Association) http://elia-together.org MENA Games Conference & Exhibition April 7-8, 2016, Beirut, Lebanon. ITA 2016 IFP Group, www.menagames.com February 15-17, 2016, Jerusalem. Israel Translators Association, http://itaconference.com MadWorld 2016 April 10-12, 2016, San Diego, California USA. TAUS Roundtable MadCap Software, Inc. February 16, 2016, Riga, Latvia. www.madcapsoftware.com/events/madworld TAUS, https://events.taus.net/events/conferences/ taus-roundtable-2016 LocWorld30 Tokyo April 13-15, 2016, Tokyo, Japan. tcworld India Localization World, Ltd. February 25-26, 2016, Bangalore, India. www.locworld.com tekom, http://conferences.tekom.de/tcworld-india-2016 TAUS Industry Leader’s Forum March April 19-20, 2016, Tokyo, Japan. TAUS., https://events.taus.net/events/forums/ Intelligent Content 2016 taus-executive-forum-tokyo-2016 March 7-9, 2016, Las Vegas, Nevada. Content Marketing Institute, www.intelligentcontentconference.com ND Focus – Elia’s networking days for Executives April 21-22, 2016, Mallorca, Spain. The Translation and Localization Conference Elia (European Language Industry Association) March 11-12, 2016, Warsaw, Poland. www.elia-ndfocus.org Localize.pl, TexteM, www.translation-conference.com TAUS Executive Forum Beijing 2016 Game Developers Conference April 25-26, 2016, Beijing, China. March 14-18, 2016, San Francisco, California USA. TAUS., https://events.taus.net/events/forums/ UBM Tech Game Network, www.gdconf.com taus-executive-forum-beijing-2016 www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 11 News

production site in Xalapa, Mexico, and Advanced Language Translation, Inc. Business strengthened the connection to its facil- www.advancedlanguage.com ity in Mexico City. Lionbridge acquires Geotext iDISC Information Technologies, S.L. New website for Net-Translators Lionbridge Technologies, a provider www.idisc.com Net-Translators Ltd., a provider of of translation, localization and glo- translation, localization and multilingual balization solutions, has acquired New RWS acquires Corporate Translations testing services, has launched a new York-based Geotext Translations, Inc., a RWS Group, a provider of intellectual website. The company has offices in privately held provider of legal transla- property support services, has acquired Israel, England, the United States and tion services. Corporate Translations, Inc., a life sci- Argentina. Lionbridge www.lionbridge.com ences translation and linguistic valida- Net-Translators Ltd. Geotext Translations http://geotext.com tion provider. www.net-translators.com RWS Group www.rws.com New locations for HansemEUG Corporate Translations, Inc. Moravia now in Beijing HansemEUG, Inc., a provider of solu- www.corptransinc.com Moravia, a globalization solutions pro- tions for content development, transla- vider focused primarily in the IT and life tion and localization, has opened new FairTradeTranslation.com science industry sectors, has opened a offices in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Symbyonics, a company focused on new office in Beijing, China. The company (serving as a hub of production for SEA machine-mediated labor markets, has also has a production site in Nanjing. languages), Beijing, China and Irvine, launched FairTradeTranslation.com, an Moravia, www.moravia.com California. online platform that introduces and HansemEUG, Inc. www.hansemeug.com sustains the implementation of fair People trade principles in the language services flexword expands UK office market. Recent industry hires flexword, a language services provider, Symbyonics http://symbyonics.com ■■ Z-Axis Tech Solutions Inc., a pro- has expanded its London, UK, location vider of localization solutions, has hired and created a new team comprised of Morningside Translations acquires Uwe Muegge as director of architecture. translation professionals from the United Advanced Language Translation Z-Axis Tech Solutions Inc. Kingdom and the United States. Morningside Translations has acquired http://zaxistech.com flexword http://flexword.de Advanced Language Translation Inc, a ■■ Literra, a provider of translation provider of translation and localization and interpretation services, has hired Ilya iDISC expands in Mexico for technical documentation, manuals Mishchenko as managing director. iDISC Information Technologies, S.L., and specifications, across multiple plat- Literra http://li-terra.ru/en a provider of multilingual communica- forms and systems. ■■ Plunet GmbH, a provider of business tion solutions, in collaboration with the Morningside Translations management software for translation University of Veracruz, has expanded its www.morningtrans.com services and agencies, has hired Hannah

12 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] News

Sheeran, Efim Tamplon and Chris King. environment tools since version 11, and other industries can learn from the travel The new team members will be respon- covers Windows 10. industry about delivering high volumes of sible for technical documentation and International Writers’ Group, LLC, user-generated content through real-time localization management, frontend and www.internationalwriters.com and post-edited machine translation. CAT interface development. Common Sense Advisory, Inc. Plunet GmbH www.plunet.com XLIFF 2.0 Object Model www.commonsenseadvisory.com ■■ Dotsub, a browser-based system Microsoft has published its XLIFF 2.0 for creating and viewing subtitles for Object Model on GitHub. The XLIFF 2.0 Products and Services videos in multiple languages across all Object Model is a .NET library that can platforms, has hired Nitika Soin as global be used to build localization tools, plat- crossMarket online network, enterprise sales manager based in New forms and systems based on the newest Across Translator Edition York City. open localization standard - XLIFF 2.0. Across Systems GmbH, a manufacturer dotSUB LLC www.dotsub.com Microsoft Corporation www.microsoft.com of corporate translation management ■■ TOIN Corporation, a provider of systems, has introduced crossMarket, an language services, has hired Ken Inoue as How travel and leisure companies online network for Across users that can director of global production. leverage multilingual content be included with Across Translator Edi- TOIN Corporation www.to-in.com Common Sense Advisory, Inc., an in- tion, the next generation of the Across ■■ Affordable Language Services has dependent market research firm special- Personal Edition. added Eileen Evens to the interpreter izing in the language service industry, has Across Systems GmbH & Inc www.across.net scheduling team. New interpreters in- released “Lessons from Travel Companies clude Gopi Pretyl and Maram Kabab. for Supporting Global CX.” The report KantanLQR Affordable Language Services covers research on how travel services KantanMT, a cloud-based statistical www.affordablelanguageservices.com firms integrate external data streams and machine translation solutions provider, ■■ Localization Care, a translation and third-party content to personalize the has released KantanLQR, a tool designed localization agency, has hired Tomasz multilingual content experience, and what for both reviewers and project managers Dudek as junior sales and marketing specialist. Localization Care http://localizationcare.com Resources RMA certified for ISLRN, new written corpora The European Language Resources Association has announced that the Resource Management Agency (RMA), established by the Department of Arts and Culture of South Africa, is now a certified provider of the ISLRN system. The ISLRN (International Standard Lan- guage Resource Number) is a unique and universal identification schema for language resources. ELRA has also added two new written corpora to its catalogue. Arboretum treebank is a morphologically and syn- tactically annotated repository of Danish sentences. ROCO is a Romanian journal- istic corpus. European Language Resources Association www.elra.info

Translator’s Tool Box v.12 International Writers’ Group, LLC, has released version 12 of The Translator’s Tool Box: A Computer Primer for Transla- tors by Jost Zetzsche. The ebook has been completely updated and now includes a new chapter on audiovisual and multimedia translation, all the new translation www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 1313 to automate review workflows. before the code reaches the development KantanMT http://kantanmt.com repository. Lingoport, Inc. www.lingoport.com memoQ 2015 build 113 Kilgray Translation Technologies, a de- Clients and Partners veloper of translation productivity tools, has released build 113 for memoQ 2015. ManpowerGroup Solutions Enhancements include a new version of Language Services selects Plunet Language Terminal and upgrades to the ManpowerGroup Solutions Language performance, stability and speed of the Services has selected Plunet GmbH, a memoQ server. provider of business management soft- Kilgray Translation Technologies ware for translation services and agen- www.kilgray.com cies, to establish a central management platform for all of its translation projects. Memsource Cloud 5.2 ManpowerGroup Solutions Language Services Memsource, a developer of cloud trans- http://bit.ly/1m1Y9dm lation software, has made available Mem- Plunet GmbH www.plunet.com source Cloud 5.2. New features include the ability to work with just one XML file XTRF chosen by AAC Global containing multiple languages instead of XTRF Translation Management Systems one for each language, and support for sp. z o.o., developer of a language busi- prefixes in Arabic and Hebrew. ness platform, has been chosen by AAC Memsource www.memsource.com Global to manage all of the company’s language services operations. XTM 9.1 XTRF Translation Management XTM International, a developer of Systems sp. z o.o. www.xtrf.eu XML authoring and translation tools, has AAC Global www.aacglobal.com released XTM 9.1. The latest version features an improved process for localizing Announcements software and games with the ability to configure the XTM editor to display cus- Gproject celebrates 10 years tom metadata in separate columns. Gproject Corporation, a Japan-based XTM International www.xtm-intl.com provider of software localization, translation, website globalization, software engi- GPI Translation Services neering and consulting, is celebrating its Connector for HubSpot tenth anniversary. Globalization Partners International Gproject Corporation www.gproj.com (GPI), a language service provider, has launched a translation services connector Ontario Council on Community for HubSpot, enabling users of HubSpot’s Interpreting accreditation marketing automation platform to send The Ontario Council on Community In- and receive a variety of marketing con- terpreting (OCCI), the body that oversees tent for translation. and regulates the accreditation of inter- Globalization Partners International preters working in the community and www.globalizationpartners.com public service sectors in Ontario, Canada, has officially launched its OCCI Accred- PhraseApp ited Community Interpreter framework Dynport GmbH, a software developer and accreditation process. company, has introduced PhraseApp, a OCCI, www.occi.ca translation management solution for web and mobile applications. Certifications Dynport GmbH www.dynport.de SemioticTransfer ISO 17100 certified Globalyzer 4.8.5 SemioticTransfer AG, a provider of Lingoport, Inc., a provider of software translating, copywriting and market- internationalization tools and services, has ing communications copy services, has announced the release of Globalyzer 4.8.5, received ISO 17100 certification, a new featuring Globalyzer Lite — a new inter- process standard. nationalization client designed to check SemioticTransfer AG source code for internationalization issues www.semiotictransfer.ch

14 [email protected] Reviews

Lilt Translation environment tool of a different kind

Reviewed by Jost Zetzsche

Let me start with a disclaimer: I’ve known Spence System requirements: a modern version of Chrome, Green, the creator of Lilt, for a little while now. In Firefox, Safari or Internet Explorer. Pricing: The system will be in a free public beta/trial fact, in the last few weeks before he and his team period for the foreseeable future. launched their product, I helped them make the Ltool fit more naturally into the process of the translator. So I’m not unbiased. But, firstly, who is ever in publicly available general MT engines, translation environment tool vendors looked at ways to bring that data into the truly unbiased? And, secondly, I would be just as workflow (aside from just displaying full-segment suggestions giddy about the prospects this tool holds if I were from machine translation systems that often aren’t particularly seeing it for the first time today. How do I know? helpful). I watched how folks responded to it at the recent Here are some examples: ■■ A number of tools, including Wordfast Classic and Any- ATA conference when Lilt was first unveiled to the where, Trados Studio, Déjà Vu and CafeTran, use auto-suggest public, and they were giddy. features that propose subsegments of machine-translated suggestions (which invariably are more helpful than the whole Let’s start at the beginning, though. For many in the trans- segment). In some cases, such as with Wordfast and Déjà Vu, lation world, machine translation (MT) and post-editing are these even come from a number of different MT engines. inextricably connected. No matter how good an MT output ■■ Déjà Vu uses MT fragments to “repair” fuzzy translation might be, it cannot be trusted for publication-ready quality memory (TM) matches. without having a human post-editor evaluate the accuracy ■■ Star Transit uses a process called “TM-validated MT” in and correct the translation. There are some exceptions, such which the communication goes the other way: Content in as the Microsoft knowledgebase, but even that is post-edited, the translation memory is used to evaluate MT suggestions. albeit with the P3 (post-published post-editing) process, a A similar process is being developed for OmegaT right now form of end-user post-editing that is strongly advocated by as well. Microsoft’s Chris Wendt. ■■ Lift, Kevin Flanagan’s PhD project at Swansea University, Although it might have gone almost unnoticed in the MT used MT to identify subsegment matches in TMs so that even a camp, professional translators’ real use of MT is increasingly integrated into existing processes. True, there are still the “traditional” post-editors who work primarily on raw MT, but as any translation vendor who has tried to hire one can tell you, Jost Zetzsche is an ATA-accredited English- they’re hard to find. Why? Well, it’s a process that the typical to-German translator, a consultant in the field translator wasn’t trained for, and it generally doesn’t match of localization and translation, and a writer the expectation that translators bring to their job. Recognizing on technical solutions for the translation and both this situation and the existence of valuable data even localization industry. www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 15 Reviews

and monetization). But they all have one limitation in common: the underlying MT is static. This means two things in our context: the phrase table within the MT is not automatically and immediately updated Figure 1: Lilt suggests new translations based with the translator’s choices on what the translator has entered so far. (note that SDL is presently working on a process to account for that), and the automatically generated MT subsegment suggestions come from the initial MT proposal, which does not adjust itself to whatever the translator might already have entered. Enter Lilt. Lilt uses Phrasal, an open-source statistical Figure 2: Concordance search listing complete machine translation (SMT) segments of the corpus. system developed by the Stanford Natural Language In fact, there are too many other cre- Processing Group (you can download Figure 3: Receiving auto-complete ative and productive uses of MT beyond the source code and find information suggestions for existing entries. post-editing to list them all here. about it at htpp://nlp.stanford.edu/soft- Translators and their community have ware/phrasal). Here’s what distinguishes TM with very little content can produce warmly welcomed these developments the way Lilt employs Phrasal from other valid subsegment suggestion (Flanagan (though larger language service provid- SMT solutions: now works for SDL, and his technology ers have taken less note because — at ■■ Every finalized translation unit is will surely see the light of day in various least so far — there really is no process directly and immediately entered into SDL products). in place that allows for measurements the phrase table and considered in further MT. ■■ There is no difference between MT and TM — even imported translation memory exchange (TMX) files are entered “only” into the MT engine’s phrase table, where they are treated preferentially. ■■ With every word the translator enters while working on the individual translation unit, a new query is sent to the MT engine to adjust its suggestions to whatever has already been entered. All this is presented in a browser-based translation environment interface that is shockingly simple — the user documentation consists of less than three pages and essentially covers everything. The file formats include Microsoft Office files, XLIFF and SDLXLIFF, TXML (Word- fast Pro 3’s translation format), text, XML (without any possibilities to modify the extraction process), HTML and InDesign IDML. Files are organized in language-combination-specific projects (presently EN<>ES, and EN>FR and >DE are supported, with more in the imme- diate pipeline) to which existing TMX

16 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Reviews resources can be assigned. The import into this concern when you read the One of the reasons why Lilt is so dif- process (which can be started by drag- documentation leaflet, which addresses ferent is because it’s built by an industry ging a file into a drag and drop area or the privacy concern before anything else. outsider who does not assume many through a file selector) takes a bit longer As a company, Lilt has received a features as givens — just the fact that than most other translation environment $650,000 first-round investment from there is no traditional TM or termbase tools, since all initial MT suggestions are XSeed Capital, and it will be looking for makes this more than apparent — and yet already loaded, but once it’s imported more financing soon. While there is a paid is very interested in learning how profes- the segment-to-segment processing is application programming interface (API) sional translators work. Both in his work done rapidly. that will provide some revenue stream at Stanford and now at Lilt, Green has For every segment that you open, you (I can’t wait to see Lilt’s technology in been tracking and communicating with will see the initial MT suggestion and other tools), there is no fee for using the many professionals to see how they oper- possible alternate terms for the cur- tool — at least for the next few months. ate. I first talked to Green more than a rently suggested word. The currently Fortunately, there is relatively little risk in year ago, when he was still finishing his highlighted word can be entered with using the tool for the time being as it’s PhD, and at the time he said that “there’s a keyboard shortcut (Enter or Tab), or possible to export every project as a TMX a big disconnect between what’s been the whole suggested segment can be file once it’s translated — and hopefully done with translation technology and accepted with Shift + Enter as the key- in the future also as an XLIFF file (the what can be done.” It’s a statement we board shortcut. internal translation format Lilt uses). can all agree with, but it can be hard to In this example, the translator might Overall, Lilt is a translation environ- see what exactly needs to be done when choose to enter data manually. This ment tool of a different kind. While we’re in the middle of it and blinded by causes Lilt to suggest new transla- other tools pride themselves on their our preconceived notions. An outsider is tions based on what the translator has wealth of features, Lilt is Spartan in exactly what we need, especially one who entered so far (see Figure 1). its interface, its features and its name. is willing to listen to insiders. The corpus on which the MT engine Granted, there will eventually have to Now, I don’t think Lilt’s newly was trained (consisting of public sources be some additional functionality — I’m unveiled technology is the last word such as the United Nation’s corpus and thinking, for instance, of quality assur- on how MT can help increase transla- Opus) is also and simultaneously avail- ance, bare-bones project management tor productivity, but it certainly is a big able for concordance search. It opens facilities, and additional languages and step, one that I suspect will be more in a left side panel with a double click file formats. But it’s surprising to realize productive and produce higher quality on the term for which a concordance how effectively translation work can be results than traditional post-editing for search is to be executed. done on the basis of the powerful and the vast majority of projects that pro- The concordance search lists the interactive Big Data backbone that Lilt fessional translators work on. And that complete segments of the corpus (trun- runs on. makes me giddy. M cated segments are displayed in full by clicking on them) that are preceded by automatically extracted terminology, as with “Navigation” in Figure 2. When searching for phrases with more | SolutionS for Sdl language WorkerS than one word, it is possible to enter the remaining words manually into the www.quickterm.at - www.kaleidoscope.at search bar and receive auto-complete suggestions for existing entries as you type (Figure 3). One shortcoming of the concordance search is that there is no information about the source of the data. Possibly that’s because there was little such information within the actual underlying data, but it would be good to remedy that at some point. For instance, the first concordance record in Figure 2 comes from cORpORATE TERM MANAGEMENT a previous translation in the same project, TAkE MULTiTERM TO ThE cOLLAbORATivE wEb 3.0 and while it’s good that it is given pref- erence, it would be helpful to have that wORdS iN REcORd Ti ME information displayed more clearly. The data you enter into Lilt, by the WEB POWER FOR YOUR CAT TOOLS way, is kept confidential. Nothing is shared, and there is not even an option to share at this point. You’ll notice how wORdS iN REcORd TiME AppROvALS MAdE EASY TURN QUERiES SOLUTiONS fOR keenly Green and his team are dialed iNTO kNOwLEdGE LANGUAGE wORkERS www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 17 Perspectives Frank Lin

Reverse immersion Column

Earlier this year I was on a three- month assignment in China. One day during rush hour, I rode in a packed Shanghai subway train on Ethe way to dinner with a visiting German friend. There was a wall of people six or seven deep between us and the door.

As I signaled to the friend, she gave me a look meaning, “are you sure we can get off this train?” When the train was coming to a stop, I yelled out, “xiàche-!” We wiggled and nudged and from Asia since my childhood, I still have acute interest worked our way through. Just as we quietly celebrated our in and intimate knowledge of Chinese culture and history, impending exit as the door opened, a man rushed me trying but this immersion experience was both surprising and to enter the train before anyone could get off. Instinctively, I enlightening. stiff-armed and brushed him aside. Without emotion, he went There were many opportunities for learning. I started to around me into the train. When we walked to the restaurant, learn the Shanghainese dialect, which was quite a revela- the friend, who has good knowledge of the Chinese language, tion; I discovered that it is different from Mandarin beyond remarked, “I see, so they say xiàche- here.” It made me think just the pronunciation. Even for Mandarin, I was often for a moment. Xiàche- means “getting off the train.” However, surprised by the evolving vocabulary of modern China. it was a phrase I had adopted only a month before. Being born This is certainly the case in technology, where many terms in Taiwan, and being fluent in Mandarin, I would normally are translated very literally from English. I also wanted to use the much less assertive “Excuse me, could I pass, please.” pay attention to how software is used, and what software Then I felt obliged to explain to my friend that back home in people use. WeChat, the country’s most popular social net- California, the stiff-arming was not part of my behavior. I did work app, was introduced to me on day one, for no other in the train what many locals would do. It was all part of social reason than people preferring it to text messaging, which, choreography, not confrontation. unlike in the United States, is typically not free in phone I was in China for business reasons, but on the side, what I also picked up was cultural and language immersion — yes, even for a native speaker. I’ve lived in Germany Frank Lin is R&D manager at Becton Dickinson, where he manages and Italy as a language school student, so I know well software development. He has led many internationalization and the tremendous benefit of immersion. Having lived away localization initiatives and projects.

18 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Column plans. Additionally, I got a first-hand Thirdly, advising on trends is valuable, ment teams. Colocation of the RIS is an look at how people handle inputting potentially more valuable than culture important benefit, as this allows ad hoc Chinese characters, which is a more and language. Is multilingualism preva- discovery of localization issues, espe- time-consuming process than English. lent in Malaysian mobile apps? What cially inconspicuous ones. Learning to It was interesting to see a myriad of online shopping site is most popular in test the product would give an RIS the adaptations and innovations used to Russia? What’s the preeminent crowd- domain context and depth of product reduce the amount of typing. Overall, sourced business review app in Germany? knowledge. Critiquing translation, user I was surprised by how much I would Do Chinese users mostly type or hand- interface and functionality promotes not have learned had I not spent the write on the smart phone? Do all popular discourse on localization improvement. three months in China. The regional location services work in Turkey? Which Moreover, I’d ask her to run workshops insights I gained as a by-product of input methods editor is preferred on PCs introducing culture and trends of the my assignment helped to shape the in Japan? Are online payment options in target language/nation to the local- design details of a Chinese localiza- Brazil the same as in the United States? ization team. The RIS’s tenure can be tion project completed after I returned These types of questions often have a easily filled with meaningful, produc- to San Diego. technical impact on product develop- tive and mutually beneficial activities, The advantages of overseas immer- ment and localization. An on-site RIS but the team leader needs to set the sion experiences for language students is better than anyone else to advise on goals and expectations, and provide a are well documented. Students don’t these items. vision for the tenure. With appropriate just improve their foreign language Internship is a probable route for action plans, a work environment that skills; they also learn and experience the RIS. If the RIS cannot be available imbues an open mind, communication local customs, culture and ways of life. for the duration of the entire project, and engagement, and a qualified and Likewise, for localization projects, hav- I’d put her in the middle of the project, enthusiastic RIS, reverse immersion can ing key team members immersed in the having a good intersection of testing bring many insights that greatly benefit target country would help in the fine- and the development phase, and embed localization projects. In fact, it extends tuning of localization issues. Of course, her in both the testing and develop- the team’s reach beyond borders. M for many reasons, this would not be practical. So, I’d like us to consider the notion of reverse immersion. The idea is to bring a person from the target country or culture to the localization project, and colocate and embed her with the team. This person, whom I’d call the reverse immersion “German. With specialist (RIS), should be more than just a native speaker, she should be linear precision, someone who has lived in that country recently, and understands both traditional and pop cultures well. Her and between role is not as a translator, but as an advisor in three areas: language, cul- the lines.” ture and trends. The language aspect is obvious. What are the intricacies of the language in different, often edge- case contexts? Is the use of language sufficiently modern? Does a word have dual meanings that could reflect nega- Karoline tively on the company? What optimal Rheinschrift team keywords do we use when searching for certain information online? Language use evolves over time, and the evolu- tion is faster in the internet age. This is the case for both trade terminology and colloquialism. As for culture, the RIS would be a Our team brings to German methodology good reference person to assist with a world-class flexibility. Measurable success cultural nuances such as color, symbol- for 20 years! LANGUAGE SERVICES ism, preferences, taboos, and national and regional ethos. If the RIS doesn’t have the answer, she could conduct Made in Germany – since 1995 | Tel: +49 (0)221 801 928-0 | rheinschrift.de structured and repeatable research. www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 19 Community Lives Jeannette Stewart

Column Endangered languages

The Manx language lives! Declared dead in 2009, If you Google “endangered languages,” a list of close to its revival is the ultimate story of survival against a million hits is returned. A quick survey of the top results reveals a number of organizations involved in this con- the odds. Manx is the language of the Isle of Man, servation movement. A second glance reveals that while which lies in the Irish Sea between Ireland and these bodies share some common characteristics, there TGreat Britain. Its population is around 85,000. Its is also some impressive diversity among them. UNESCO history reaches back thousands of years. Its future offers a rich body of information on endangered languages including an atlas. The Linguistic Society of America is a looks healthy. Its culture is thriving. science-oriented organization founded in 1924 to advance the scientific study of language and among many other Key to this success is an elementary school that teaches topics is concerned with endangered languages. ELCat, almost entirely in the Manx language. In 2009, 70 young Endangered Language Catalogue, is an online collaborative pupils wrote to UNESCO’s Atlas of the World’s Languages effort to protect global linguistic diversity. The Ethnologue in Danger asking: “If our language is extinct then what is the most extensive list of the world’s languages. The language are we writing in?” UNESCO changed the classifi- Endangered Languages Project, supported by Google among cation to “critically endangered” and today there are over others, is a humanitarian, global enterprise providing vast 1,800 people who can speak, read and write in Manx. resources to all endangered languages. At the other end of Endangered languages are an issue of urgent concern the scale, we find sites dedicated to assuring the survival these days, involving efforts by academia, corporate busi- of individual native languages such as Lakota, Sioux and ness and countless individuals across the globe. When Cherokee. We even find an organization, thriving it seems, we look at the staggering number of results returned on dedicated to the revival of Latin. almost any search containing the words language, culture A noteworthy nonprofit organization driven by academ- or communication, it is clear just how important these ics and linguists is Living Tongues Institute for Endangered aspects of life are to humanity. While conflict and destruc- Languages. Its mission is to promote the documentation, tion still make headline-grabbing news, our interest in maintenance, preservation and revitalization of endangered life outside the confines of our own borders is vigorous. languages worldwide through linguist-aided, community- Technology now offers unprecedented capabilities to con- driven multimedia language-documentation projects. With nect with our fellow beings far and wide. Languages that this approach, they are able to bring together linguistic are endangered inspire action. Together these elements expertise, technological savvy and community involvement result in a boundless enthusiasm for preserving a common resulting in a most impressive impact in achieving their aims. heritage. Since 2005, Living Tongues Institute has reached more than 100 endangered language communities in 15 countries. Their researchers have collaborated with endangered language Jeannette Stewart is the former CEO of CommuniCare, a translation speakers to create over 100 talking dictionaries now repre- company for life sciences. An advocate for the language industry, she senting 43 “genetic units” or language families. founded Translation Commons, a nonprofit online platform facilitating Living Tongues provides educational, archival and other community collaboration. media resources that help spread the word of the invaluable

20 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Column work they are doing. They are funded by donors’ generosity and are helped in their efforts by volunteers. Their “Adopt a Language” campaign allows donations to go to specific projects and fieldwork. The Living Tongues Institute was founded by Gregory D.S. Anderson, the current director and president of the organization, while Swarthmore College linguistics professor K. David Harrison is vice president and director of research. In Anderson’s own words, “Our goal is to help as many minority language communities as possible maintain their voices into the future, and to assist them in crossing the digital divide and in overcoming the disenfranchisement and denigration that have led to ethnic shame and abandonment of their heritage identities.” As we might expect from a company whose aim is to disseminate technology throughout all levels of the global community, Google’s support in the Endangered Languages Project is yielding impressive results. Craig Cornelius’s role in preserving endangered languages focuses on internationalization and localization of Google’s software products by adding new Map art from Wikimedia, supplied by Sémhur at the Atelier Graphique. languages, such as launching Gmail in the Cherokee language. He is on the advisory The Isle of Man is located in the Irish Sea, between Great Britain and Ireland. The Gaelic Manx committee of the Australian Research language emerged from the same roots as Irish and Scots Gaelic, and is still in use today. Council’s Centre of Excellence on the Dynamics of Language, an organization housing policies resulted in the separa- event in Silicon Valley in February 2015. that investigates how languages vary, how tion of multiple cohabiting generations. The Endangered Languages Project we learn them, how we process them and The diminished contact between grand- is an online resource to record, access how they evolve. He has held academic parents and younger members of family and share samples of and research and industry positions over a varied career, interfered with the nuanced transmission about endangered languages, as well has a PhD in chemistry and degrees in of cultural and language knowledge that as to provide advice and best prac- mathematics and computer science. was encoded in discourse conducted under tices for those working to document On a warm, fall afternoon, we sat in the former domestic arrangements. or strengthen indigenous languages. leafy shade of his team’s building in the Another organization that Cornelius Google oversaw the technology devel- Googleplex and spoke about what brings got involved with through Google is opment and launch of this project with a person of his long list of achievements the First Peoples’ Cultural Council, a the long-term goal for it to be led by that reflect a relentless curiosity in all community-focused governmental true experts in the field of language things to an involvement with endangered organization that provides funding, preservation. As such, oversight of the languages. In his characteristically affable training and resources for indigenous project has transitioned to First Peoples’ manner, Cornelius explained that he felt language, arts and culture revitaliza- Cultural Council and Eastern Michigan “very privileged to work with passionate tion in the province of British Colum- University in coordination with a gov- people whose enthusiasm is infectious.” bia. As part of a Google 20% project, ernance council consisting of language Now infected himself, he sees more Cornelius processed university sound experts from around the world. clearly how people understand themselves files of endangered languages and This project would not be possible with- and their communities through their uploaded them to YouTube. This work out the collaboration of groups around languages. It also gives them a bet- was part of an initiative by Google the world that have contributed to its ter understanding of how complicated and the First Peoples’ Cultural Council launch. As part of the Endangered Lan- language is and how different factors to help the Endangered Languages guages Project, the Alliance for Linguistic can influence language transmission. A Project, which Cornelius and Shaylene Diversity has been created. The mission good example of this is how the usage Boechler, Endangered Languages Proj- of the Alliance for Linguistic Diversity is of the Cherokee language declined when ect manager, presented at the Interna- to accelerate, strengthen and catalyze possibly well-intentioned government tional Multilingual User Group (IMUG) efforts around endangered language www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 21 Column

documentation, to support communities her on to use her experience to its programs and thus support Native engaged in protecting and revitalizing best effect. She is currently chair of American nations in their goal to revi- their languages, and to raise awareness the technical advisory committee of talize and strengthen native language about ways to address threats to endan- the Indigenous Language Institute, use in their communities. There are gered languages. Many existing organiza- a position that gives her invaluable new and interesting applications of tions are already part of the newly formed appreciation of the direct impact speech technology that can possibly Alliance for Linguistic Diversity. initiatives to preserve endangered be employed in communities that A leading light in the quest to save languages can have. transmit their languages orally. Noske endangered languages, Manuela Noske The Indigenous Language Institute’s said, “What I am ultimately hoping to is a senior program manager at Micro- mission is to provide vital language- achieve is to bring a ‘coolness’ factor soft and holds a PhD in linguistics. related services to native communities to Native American language learning. In her role at Microsoft she has an so that their individual identities, tradi- Can the acquisition of these languages advising function on what languages tional wisdom and values are passed on be made fun and engaging through to adopt and localize in the family to future generations in their original the use of technology? Once native of Windows products and services. languages. Its guiding philosophy is to language is fully integrated into the An expert in African languages, she “help create speakers” through research- users’ tech ecosystem, they operate is highly qualified to evaluate the ing, teaching and sharing information in a complete immersive environment feasibility of including languages and tools to help communities create that supports their language learning from emerging markets and this also their own native language materials to without them even being aware of involves working with languages that develop textbooks, teaching aids, films, that happening.” are deemed to be endangered. The digital stories, as well as flyers, bro- Work with endangered languages really task of striking a balance between chures, posters, toys and signage. does seem to ignite passions in a very cultural benefit and corporate invest- Noske stated that going forward, she diverse group of people. It’s illuminating ment is one she tackles with passion. would like to explore new areas where to observe an activist approach being used Noske says she finds learning about technology can be used to effec- in conjunction with scientific investiga- other cultures fun, and this spurs tively strengthen existing language tion. The normally dispassionate approach of scientists, schooled in the use of facts and methods, counterbalances such quali- ties as the feel-good factor, cultural pride, history and so on. It’s also very gratifying to discover how important institutional and corporate support, as well as individual support, are in this endeavor. There is an unmistakable sense of will in communities of remaining speakers to survive and revitalize languages. On the complete opposite spectrum of extinct languages are those few that may not be spoken today but are extensively studied and researched by scholars and academics, such as Latin, Ancient Greek, Sanskrit and Old English. These languages survived and are still thriving because all the writings are representative of an extremely rich heritage still relevant today. We still laugh at Aris- tophanes’ comedies, even though they are translated. Beowulf’s adventures and terrorizing monsters still frighten us. We still search for the hidden truths and timeless wisdom in the Bhagavad-Gita. Unlike these well-documented treasures of our culture, all the smaller communities need urgent help in documenting and preserving their epic tales, wisdom sayings and cultural heritage. All things must pass, but the instinct for survival reminds us that putting up a fight for the survival of our languages is what makes us human, all too human. M

22 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] 23

Column | MultiLingual Perspectives Perspectives January/February 2016 With this example, I attempt to highlight how the client as- days before our delivery was due. The nightmare started started nightmare our delivery was due. The days before medi- It was professional the translation. when she delivered output in terms unprofessional cal work, but an extremely was as the translation industry expectations of translation was text. The source source of the rendering basically a free and when I called at least once in every paragraph, altered she made reference an explanation, to request the translator pharmaceutical to the fact that she had only worked for companies), (as opposed to translation companies directly and expected her to her and these companies encouraged and inconsistencies errors all pharmacology-related correct it to the cultural text, and localize she found in the source country (Hungary). After of the target and medical standards industry required I explained to her that the translation - and correc alterations without deliberate faithful translation her work, and finally, tions, she spent the weekend redoing after two days of agony caused by my uncertainty about her by the translation to correct intention and readiness ability, the finished work, which the extended deadline, she delivered was finally in line with industry expectations and guidelines. we or the troubles Our client noticed nothing of my distress How- and was very happy with our translation. encountered, was we parted ways with the linguist after the project ever, to completed and her invoice was settled because she refused she had been work that deprived her of the freedom do more accustomed to. industry client) as well translation signment (end client versus can determine the extent as the intended use of a translation is allowed to take when rendering of the liberty a translator language, and the text into the target the source-language importance of making it clear to your linguist when placing the job with them to what extent liberty is allowed, either by or by simply listing pinpointing the purpose of the translation among the specific instructions. this requirement

Taking liberty as a translator liberty Taking

Having been immersed in the deep water of the in the deep water of Having been immersed

Daniel B. Harcz B. Harcz Daniel

- when render The extent to which liberty can be taken as a I endured nightmare Let me start with a recent translation industry for almost two decades both industry for almost two decades translation com- and a translation translator as a freelance I have been constantly confronted pany director, I of liberty with the necessity to set the degree proofreading to when translating, should adhere and to supply the or editing texts of various types, company with clear of my translation freelancers the extent to which they instructions regarding text. can alter the source www.multilingual.com

ing a script from one language to another is determined another is determined one language to ing a script from audience; Most notably: the targeted factors. by several the the purpose (or intended use) of the translation; subject matter of the document; the client who ordered when the order the job; the specific instructions received and habits as a preferences was placed; and my personal have a hierarchy Even these determining factors translator. — some override others. I assigned a In August of 2015, company director. translation - voluminous English into Hungarian pharmaceutical transla to a pharmacologist who applied to my company tion project and who indicated in her résumé a couple of months before, I had life sciences translator. that she was a professional beforehand, used her on a couple of small medical projects This is why I decided to assign the and her output was great. to her in August. Since pharmaceutical project 20,000-word deadline, and as I generous our company had a relatively always employ a safety cushion, I gave her a deadline three

Daniel B. Harcz has been running Harcz & Partner Ltd. since 1998. Harcz has been running Harcz & Partner Daniel B. H Column

However, in the course of our description of medical devices or a (that is, the translator) with the task 18-year history, there were numer- hospital discharge report or for that of rendering their letter from lan- ous cases (especially in the case of matter most technical and legal texts, guage A to language B but to improve website localization projects) when such as user’s manuals or patents, it as much as possible in terms of style our client specifically requested us agreements and contracts. Obvi- and wording to carry the intended to take as much freedom as possible, ously, in the case of such documents, message through in the most em- and adapt the texts to the taste, style, alterations made by the translator phatic fashion. My company often expectations or cultural traits of the vis-a-vis the source text would bring translates private and business letters targeted readers. When this is not about serious and possibly disastrous from English into Eastern European specified by the client, it is imperative unwanted consequences, such as languages, and many of our clients to request this piece of information patients being maltreated or criminal expect us to improve the rhetoric and before commencing work; otherwise, cases being affected in a major way, flow of their composition according to there can be misunderstandings and which might even result in claims of the best of our ability. It even hap- issues with the translation delivered. compensation filed against the trans- pened that a client authorized us to While website translation typically lation service provider. introduce new ideas in the text at our allows the linguist a high own discretion as long as the degree of freedom, there target text conveyed their are certain subject mat- “the intended use of a translation can intended message. Our work ters and certain clients that is often more copywriting require the opposite. Let us determine in a major way the extent of the than strict translation. first look at this type of cli- There is another, less theo- ent, and then let us exam- liberty a translator is allowed to take when retical (and rather pecuni- ine the subject matters that rendering the source-language text into the ary) aspect of taking the require a faithful transla- liberty as a translator. When tion approach. target language” the basis of the remunera- Some clients appear to be tion is the target word count totally oblivious or outright (which is often the case in ignorant of syntactic and morphologi- What other fields are there, besides the translation industry) it is in the cal differences between individual website localization, that warrant interest of the translator to achieve languages. They make our lives dif- the linguists having a high degree of as high a target word count as pos- ficult sometimes when pointing out freedom? Love letters are a typical sible. While most of our translators errors where there are no errors at all. example. The reasons are numerous do not take this into consideration It happened to my company that our and each, alone, would warrant a high when working for our company, it has direct client sent our translation back degree of creativity on the part of the happened on several occasions that a to us claiming there was an issue in translator. One of these coincides with linguist produced a target text with almost every sentence. Such queries, the reason why website localization is an unjustifiably higher word count in the case of English into Hungarian a creative process: the cultural differ- than the source. This is another type translation, typically relate to things ence between the countries where the of unauthorized liberty that should like quantifiers, where in Hungarian, source and target languages are spo- never be tolerated. Applying a source the comma and the period are used ken, as well as other country-specific word count-based calculation of the in the opposite way to English (2,5 is traits that necessitate the altering of translation fee is a solution to this two and a half in Hungarian, as op- the source text to make the target issue, by means of which this fortu- posed to the 2.5 used in English) as text sound natural and consumable nately seldom-occurring phenomenon well as compound and complex words, for its readers. Another important can be prevented. where clients may believe that certain reason is that typically, a translator is I have always deemed it vital to words were either lost or added in the endowed with more highly-developed list all expectations and requirements course of the translation. English is an writing skills than the client who related to the project ordered in the isolating language, whereas Hungar- composed the love letter in the source instructions section of the e-message ian is both an agglutinating and an language, and the client is usually in which I order the given transla- inflecting language, and it is useless aware of this. The composers of love tion. This way, the level of freedom to look for correspondences in terms letters (and in general, the compos- is clearly specified for the translator. of word order or word count. The ers of most genres of writing, such as They know who the targeted audience English source word count is typically letters of all sorts that are not meant is, what the intended use of the tar- 15% higher than the Hungarian target for publication) are not professional get language document is, and what word count because of the morpho- writers, often do not even hold a exactly the expectations of the end logical discrepancy between these two university degree. Their objective is to client are along the axis of creative languages. put their message through in the most translation versus the strict render- Regarding the subject matters or effective manner, and they realize ing of the source into the target fields that prescribe a faithful ap- that they, in many cases, should not language. The requirements detailed proach, it is enough to think of the only entrust the language professional in the instructions sent by the end

24 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] client, and forwarded to the linguist, override in all instances the default preferences and habits of the translator performing the translation project. This requires a certain amount of flexibility, which, however, can reasonably be expected of language professionals. It happens that the client’s instructions contravene the general expectations concerning the translation of the subject matter at hand. For instance, the end client may stipulate that his love letter is to be translated faithfully, almost word for word into the target language. In this case, the end client’s instructions override the general field-specific expectation governing the degree of liberty justified, which means that the end client’s instructions outweigh and override this factor as well. In the realm of medical and pharmaceutical translation, there is a specific factor involved in setting the degree of the liberty the linguist is expected to take: whether the targeted readers are medical professionals or potential patients without any formal training in medical parlance. Our best medical translators always request this information prior to starting work, and our clients need to provide the answer each time. If a hierarchical order of the factors influencing and determining translation faithfulness versus creativity was to be established, it would look like this — starting with the most decisive and overriding factor, and advancing toward the less decisive ones: ■■ end client’s instructions ■■ specific intended use/purpose of the target text ■■ project-specific targeted audience/ readers ■■ subject matter/field-specific general industry expectations and standards ■■ personal preferences/translation habits of the linguist A detailed purchase order providing all pieces of relevant information can prevent the occurrence of miscom- munication in regard to exactly what is being expected of the linguist, and they should always be encouraged to ask questions if they are uncertain as to the degree of liberty they can adopt while performing the given task. M lionbridge.com www.multilingual.com 25 Developments in interpreting technologies

Industry Focus Emma Mas-Jones

It’s no secret that technology is driving the to the audience are radio frequency (RF), which is FM-based way we communicate, how we connect to one and infrared (IR) technology, which transmits audio through another and the way we conduct business. Just light. Digital infrared technology is currently the gold stan- as the translation industry has been disrupted dard for high-profile meetings and the most advanced technology as it provides secure communication and superior Iby advances in technical tools as well as web sound quality free from interference from wireless devices and cloud technologies, the interpretation sec- such as mobiles, microphones and lighting systems. The tor has experienced its fair share of technology main RF technology drawbacks are security and interference concerns, yet with the advantages of ease of installation and advances, innovations and has evolved with the portability make them an excellent choice for tour guide and increasing demands of the ever-connected world. tradeshow types of settings. Our expectations have changed; the experience is The leading conference and interpretation systems man- everything. We are surrounded by smart, multi- ufacturers have made a point to add new features in order to ensure increased reliability, flexibility and ease-of-use function devices, and we expect to receive service for interpreters and meeting participants. In 2015, at least everywhere at any time. What changes have been two manufacturers have released new interpreter consoles brought to the landscape of interpreting technol- to enable perfect ergonomics, hearing protection, advanced ogy to respond to these new expectations? information display and unique options for working with video devices responding directly to interpreters’ demands. Industry leaders have made strides in three key areas: the The ability to connect third-party video display screens design of high-efficiency and multifunctional solutions adapt- directly to the interpretation system is now a possibility able to various event settings; interpretation delivered straight making it easier for conference organizers to set up video to mobile devices; and remote interpreting for an increased distribution to the booths. On the TAIDEN interpreter con- globalized workplace. This article will provide an overview of sole, it is even possible to select the video channel input, so these latest developments and an emerging future technology. interpreters can select the visual content that is most useful (whether this means cameras in the room or presentation Cutting-edge solutions materials). In conventional simultaneous or conference interpret- In this connected world, devices communicate seamlessly, ing settings, the use of specialized equipment at conference simply and instantly. Interpreters now have the ability to locations is required, including soundproof booths, inter- connect their own IOS or Android devices to the interpreta- preter consoles, wireless receivers and other devices with tion system and send messages to other interpreters. They technical monitoring by a technician during the meeting. also have an option to see the number of people listening in, The technologies available to distribute audio interpretation or if they are being recorded or streamed. E-ink electronic nameplates are being used to display the working language Emma Mas-Jones is senior account manager at of the booth automatically as interpreters come in and set Conference Rental, provider of conference solutions up; a useful tool for room and booth signage. Multifunction for multilingual events. She has led language devices that combine microphone with integrated interpreta- services programs at high-profile international tion and voting features are a popular choice with confer- organizations and events worldwide, including ence organizers as they provide convenience as well as a numerous Olympic events and world congresses. minimalist, organized and elegant event space.

26 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Industry Focus

on his or her device and be reluctant or even prohibited by company policy to download such an app or use an untrusted connection to protect against unauthorized or unlawful access to a company phone. Further, on a practical level, technical support by onsite technicians may not be possible due to liability reasons and, as with any mobile application, the battery life of the device may be quickly depleted with continued use. And then there is the most basic issue — participants may not own a smartphone or tablet; there is no guarantee that they won’t forget to bring the device, headphones or charger (if applicable); or they may simply not have sufficient space to download another application. Meetings and conferences in which interpretation is critical can afford no room for failure. Those with security concerns may resort to the most Interpreters in conference booths. field-tested technologies until future advances lower potential risks. And All these features combined provide combination of hardware and software while eventually some of the concerns increased comfort for interpreters, including a computer, converter, a described will be solved, it still raises the more flexibility for conference orga- router and a wireless access portal to question: who is responsible for ensur- nizers and a high-value experience for enable the audio feed to the application ing conference attendees can effectively all attendees. in addition to the interpreter’s booth participate in any given multilingual and console. The software portal is also meeting given that they may have trav- The bring-your-own-device trend an advertising and announcement plat- eled from across the world and may Talking of multifunctionality, what form with push notifications that event have paid substantial fees to attend? The can your mobile device not do these organizers can benefit from. conference organizers or the attendees? days? It’s your go-to tool for banking, There are clear advantages to this transportation, entertainment, dating technology, in particular for event Remote interpretation and occasionally you may even make organizers, as it bypasses the need to Remote interpreting, while not a a call on it. Applications continue to rent or procure receivers and head- new idea, is increasingly becoming a flood the market for more than you phones. This, along with the bypassed feasible option when delivering inter- could ever possibly imagine and have need for distribution and collection of pretation services due to more reliable now made their way into the world of the devices at the venue results in cost high-speed internet and improvements conference interpreting. savings and convenience. in web and phone conference applica- In light of the growing trend of con- All disruptive technologies, how- tions. In broad terms, remote interpret- sumerized mobility dubbed bring-your- ever, come with challenges and BYOD ing refers to a method in which the own-device (BYOD), an application has is no exception. As with web confer- interpreter is not physically in the same been developed to deliver interpreta- encing systems, this solution relies on location as the conversants. There are tion to conference attendees directly to high-speed bandwidth; any slowness various scenarios that take place here. their mobile device, effectively using it in connectivity translates into the The first scenario is to use video as a receiver. The idea is that all con- interpretation audio feed being lost remote interpreting (VRI) where inter- ventional conferencing interpretation or having inconsistent sound quality. preters work from a remote facility using involves interpreters sitting in sound- Additionally, a major challenge com- dedicated videoconferencing solutions. proof booths listening to the speakers mon with other BYOD services is that VRI is a growing field and particularly and speaking into their interpreters’ of security. Meetings of a sensitive useful for brief interactions in hospitals, consoles. The main difference with nature requiring high privacy may schools or businesses located in areas BYOD is that attendees listen to the have concerns regarding the transmis- not adequately served by onsite inter- interpretation through their own mobile sion, recording or disclosure of the preters. Courts have also been using VRI devices by downloading an application contents of the meeting over Wi-Fi. On for some time in situations where an that streams audio via a Wi-Fi con- the other hand, the user may have sen- interpreter is not immediately available nection. The system is operated with a sitive personal or business data stored and the case at hand is time sensitive. www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 27 Industry Focus

VRI equipment manufacturers are now on between them. Chatting applications multilingual meetings. In this case, making it easier than ever to access may be used to communicate such interpreters and participants are offsite these on-demand services; you simply aspects if they are located in separate and join the meeting remotely from download software on a computer or locations, yet it might not be as effi- different locations. Numerous sys- applications on mobile devices. Travel cient as communicating live and again tems have been developed to support costs savings, accessibility and reduced it adds pressure on the interpreter who multilingual remote participation with logistics planning are the main benefits is attempting to focus on interpreting. either a telephone or web conferenc- of this method. A second scenario that is increasing service enabling the parties to Challenges reportedly associated ingly common in conference settings connect from anywhere with a mobile with this method are audio and video is to resort to remote interpretation app, tablet, computer or video device feed disruption, delay or unsynchro- setups when space limitations make it without any additional hardware to an nized transmission due to poor Wi-Fi difficult to accommodate all required off-site interpreter at a call center or connection and other quality issues. languages and interpreter booths in the home office. Participants can connect Also, interpreters rely on visual cues meeting room. Interpreters are physi- to the conference service and simply and body language to understand the cally present at the event site and their select the language of choice, allow- messages speakers are conveying, but working units are connected to the ing delegates to participate in their in remote interpretation the video feed same interpretation system being used own language. Unlike generic video provided is often limited; thus VRI is in the conference room, but they will calling applications, specific video also not a viable replacement for onsite be located in another room and rely on remote interpreting software accessed interpreting in situations involving good quality video transmission and through an online portal or application high interactivity. Further, onsite tech- display screens to receive visuals of the can offer a more seamless process and nical support staff should be available room and speakers. With all systems increased security. for setup and troubleshooting the sitting on a network, international Advances and integrated solutions equipment at both ends. More often organizations are increasingly plan- are continuously being developed and than not, there is no onsite technician ning to enable remote interpreting in optimized to solve particular issues and interpreters are burdened having their permanent facilities, to assign with audio quality and process inef- to manage the technology instead of interpretation booths located in one ficiencies. The future will undoubtedly focusing on the interpretation itself. room to a meeting in another room. bring further improvements to remote Another layer of difficulty is when This process, called booth borrow- interpreting platforms as well as more interpreters work in teams and yet are ing, gives facility managers plenty of comfortable working conditions for neither located at the meeting venue flexibility to overcome physical space remote interpreters. Currently, high- nor working in the same location as limitations and handle large events stake meetings would still favor onsite each other. In conventional settings, or last minute changes in language interpreting with robust technology they are able to coordinate face-to-face requirements. and proven track record of reliabil- aspects such as volume, turn-taking, Another remote interpreting sce- ity and quality delivery until further terminology, meeting materials and so nario that is gaining ground is virtual advancements and research findings.

28 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Industry Focus

Machine interpreting It is fair to say that it will be some time setups, and the onus is on the industry Machine interpretation, also known before automated interpreting becomes a to listen and provide the expertise in as automated interpreting, is a relatively viable solution as a reliable interpretation this niche market to meet the clients’ new concept that combines two exist- tool, yet it is still definitively a technol- diverse demands. Buyers of confer- ing technologies: machine translation ogy to look out for in the coming years. ence interpretation technology require (MT) and voice recognition software. providers that continue to prioritize MT, a process by which automated Future customizable solutions, innovation and computer software translates text from Technology advances in conference scalability in their service offerings. one language to another, has evolved interpreting such as those discussed With the increased complexity of immensely since its early days back in in this article have spawned much the solutions available and the fast the 1940s with different approaches speculation regarding the future of the pace at which technical advances are such as statistical, rules-based, syntax industry and the changing environ- taking place, the key to language ser- and hybrid techniques. The by-product ment which the profession is undergo- vice providers’ success is to stay one of this technology is machine inter- ing. Technologies and expectations are step ahead of the game. Leading pro- preting, which converts spoken words clearly evolving, offering both chal- viders that are technically savvy and into different languages by first cap- lenges and opportunities to language adopt technology solutions when the turing voice, converting it into text to businesses. The response should never time is right, while balancing risks and then run it through the MT system and be to stand in the way of technology, benefits, gain a competitive advantage formulating it back through an elec- as this will prove to be a futile exercise. as a result. The difference might not tronic voice in the target language. A better approach is to understand the only be in whether or not the business Automated telephone interpreting benefits of tech, to be aware of the risks thrives in the changing environment, and mobile applications that allow of each option and with that, determine but it might hold the key to its very users to turn spoken words into a for- the best solution that fits each need. existence. As Charles Darwin put it: “It eign language, either in text or as an There is no one-size-fits-all solution is not the strongest of the species that electronic voice, already exist. Yet to — customers have different needs, bud- survives, nor the most intelligent, but consider interpretation as simultane- gets, quality expectations and technical the one most responsive to change.” M ous, the technology would need to be able to predict and interpret sentences before they finish, a task notoriously challenging in languages that place 11-12 the verb at the end of the sentence. In preparation of the 2020 Olympics March in Tokyo and its anticipated language barriers, researchers from Nara Insti- 2016 tute of Science and Technology have been developing software to improve Polish Day: the accuracy and speed of machine 13 March interpretation to such a degree as to be able to provide conference interpreting. This is a challenging undertaking with many obstacles to overcome, as it so… combines a number of immature technologies in addition to the fact that writing and speaking are inherently different. Despite some leaps forward in MT technology, it still remains hit do you and miss as far as producing accurate translations. Most people have experienced how frustrating voice recognition can be — thus far, it has been unforgiving with heavy accents or regional dialects, background noises and any slight mispronunciation. In addition, speaking is more spontane- ous than writing, with unpredictable rhythms, and machines still lack human judgment, intuition and cultural awareness to provide a satisfactory rendition of speech. www.translation-conference.com www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 29 More tools and toys for interpreters

Industry Focus Cristina Silva

While the past 15 years have seen the boom As a parent of three generation Y teenagers, I am constantly of computer-aided tools in translation, not reminded that “there is an app for everything,” so the App Store has become sort of an intellectual playground. much advance has been made in interpretation I recently gave brief overviews in the September 2015 ATA technology until recently. Phone interpretation, Chronicle of five apps that can be beneficial for interpreters. Wremote interpretation, video remote interpreta- The apps I covered were Voice-O-Meter, for help with vocal tion and webcast interpretation have changed volume; vBookz PDF Voice Reader, which reads PDF files aloud; Be On Air, for broadcasting over a Wi-Fi network; and continue to change the playing field. Being and Interplex Lite, used to view the Interplex glossary on an the eternal romantic that I am, I keep thinking iPhone or iPod Touch. I would like to share my experiences that more improvement is just around the cor- with a couple of additional apps that are available from the ner, and I continue to look for hope in unusual App Store that could strengthen our practice as interpreters or prove useful in the interpretation classroom. places. One of my favorite places is the Apple Store. Speaker's Coach Link: http://apple. The ongoing computer-aided tool boom that translators co/1Px032f have experienced has, as far as interpreters are concerned, mostly left them curious and thirsty for technology — pos- This app transforms your sibly even envious. As we enter uncharted technological phone or iPad into a teleprompter waters, encounters with technology are, more often than reader that scrolls text in dif- not, imposed by clients, projects or a market need. Interpre- ferent speeds for you to read tation business models are themselves changing, emerging in front of your phone camera, partly from a push toward less travel time from all par- producing a high resolution video of you reading a given ties involved and bandwidth becoming more stable. In the text. The speech needs to be written on any app on your current market, there is room for technology designed by phone, which you can copy and paste into Speaker’s Coach. interpreters for interpreters. In the meantime, my search for You can increase or decrease the speed, but, at the moment, interpretation technology continues to be erratic but fruitful. the app does not inform the user at which speed the text is being read. Using other apps such as vBookz PDF Voice Reader, it would not be too difficult to measure the number of words per minute a certain text is being rendered. Cristina Silva is a conference interpreter, transla- An important feature of this app for interpreters who tor and project and terminology manager. She are serious about numbers is the fact that it is possible to also teaches translation and interpreting at the measure characters, words, lines, paragraphs and reading Middlebury Institute of International Studies at time. The video itself, as a .mov file, can be emailed, sent Monterey and at the University of Denver. as a text or posted on social media, such as Facebook, sent

30 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Industry Focus via Dropbox or saved on an iPhone or iPad. One point of OperaVOX is for the serious linguist, willing to get edu- improvement would be to customize the text in different cated in the phonetics and phonology of our wonderful colors, because if you also have a white background or a voices and sounds. The app accurately measures how one’s white shirt, it could be difficult to read. My favorite fea- voice changes throughout the day, week or month and tures are that the app allows the speaker to know how long could even be used to track minor changes in voice quality, the speech is and the handy 1-2-3 countdown feature at by matching colorful graphs with a sound file. the beginning. Don’t let the fact that OperaVOX has so many advanced Great interpreters are known for their public speaking voice quality analysis features discourage you. With iPhone abilities, which is all the more important when speeches are and iPad interfaces, this app delivers a professional voice rendered in consecutive mode. As a matter of fact, giving analysis without having to step into a doctor’s office or a speeches and identifying speech types is a building block in sound engineer booth, using state-of-the-art voice analysis many interpretation programs. This app has potential for stu- algorithms to measure voice quality straight from a device, dents to record themselves and then exchange speeches for without the use of specialist equipment. critiques, or for seasoned interpreters to take a much-needed My analysis showed that my speaking fundamental critical look at their diction, into- frequency (SFO) can vary between 197.1-220.7 Hz, which nation, pitch, volume and so on is right on target for women, who generally have SFOs of in their working languages. around 225 Hz. As I continue to study the numbers for jit- ter (irregularities in the frequency at which the vocal cords OperaVOX vibrate) and shimmer (measuring the change in loudness, Link: http://apple. or amplitude, over several sound waves generated by the vocal cords vibrating), I hope not only to keep on singing co/1lYiFeQ in the shower, but making sure my voice lasts in the three- week assignment I will be undertaking soon. M

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Industry Focus Amanda Davies

In the United Kingdom, the amount of public when the Egyptians had a hieroglyph representing the word money spent on interpreting services is consid- interpreter. Years later the concept was also used by the Greeks and erable. The UK government has a legal respon- Romans, whose upper classes refused to learn the languages sibility to provide “access for all” to many of its of the people they conquered and subsequently ruled. There- Ipublic services, which means the public sector fore, servants and slaves learned new languages, and some is one of the highest users of interpreters. Pub- became interpreters. Interpreters have also been extensively used by pilgrims lic sector organizations requiring professional who traveled the world in order to spread word of their interpreters include the Ministry of Justice, beliefs, and explorers who were keen to discover new lands the National Health Service, police forces, HM and people. Jean Herbert, who was born in 1897 and died in 1980, Prison Service, The National Probation Service, influenced the development of professional interpreting. He the Criminal Prosecution Service and central was the son of an English-speaking French father and mar- and local government. ried an English woman. Jean wrote and translated a number of books relating to the Far East and in 1939, during World Here, we will look at the history of interpreting and how War II, he saved 2,000 Alsace residents from being shot by it has evolved; the impact of modern day life; the cost of the Germans. He spent the rest of the war engrossed in the providing a high-quality service to public sector organiza- study of Hindu text, until he received a telegram from the tions; and the risks associated with using interpreters who French Minister of Foreign Affairs, which requested that are not suitably qualified or experienced. he travel to San Francisco for the founding of the United Nations. A brief history of interpreting Interpreters at the United Nations: A History notes that Interpreting has been taking place since the birth of Herbert said “the interpreter must help people in understand- mankind; however, due to the very nature of the spoken ing each other in the highest sense of the words, that is, to word, there is no evidence to support this until 3200 BCE, give more than a literal translation, so as to convey the deep meaning of what is said." This “requires a deep knowledge and a vivid interest for foreign culture, customs, literature, history and ways of life.” Amanda Davies is public sector marketing manager Today, people move freely around the world traveling for Capita Translation and Interpreting (Capita TI). from country to country and in some cases, migrating per- Prior to joining Capita TI, Amanda worked in manently. This means the role of an interpreter has changed health care for 22 years, both in the private dramatically from the early instances mentioned above. So sector and the National Health Service (NHS). what is the cost of providing a high-quality interpreting

32 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Industry Focus service, with appropriately qualified Interpreters are dedicated profes- tor organizations that use LSPs should interpreters at the heart of it, in a mul- sionals and have a great passion for have noticed a reduction in the cost ticultural society, where not everyone their work. Becoming a fully-qualified of interpreting services in the last five speaks the same language and how is interpreter takes years of training and, years and, as LSPs continue to develop it best managed? as the vast majority of interpreters are improved technological solutions, this self-employed and work on a freelance should mean greater value and effi- What interpreting basis, they become qualified at a con- ciency in the future. looks like today siderable personal cost. This is the very When procuring language ser- In today’s world, interpreting has reason a qualified interpreter demands vices, it is essential that public sector rapidly increased, and therefore the a payment reflecting this. organizations undertake a thorough role of the professional interpreter has assessment of their language service evolved and changed. Interpreting services requirements. At the point of contract Professional interpreting involves within the public sector award they need to carefully consider appropriately vetted, qualified and expe- It is crucial that public sector orga- which of their shortlisted LSPs are most rienced linguists. Professional interpret- nizations delivering important and likely to deliver a high-quality service ing is mainly used in order to help people highly sensitive services such as health based on their price, using the criteria access public services, such as health care and social services use only quali- outlined in the service specification. care. fied and suitably experienced inter- A good example of this in practice There are various interpreting qual- preters. No matter how well a person is BSL. There are approximately 900 ifications. The most recognized and speaks the same language as another BSL interpreters in the United King- relevant qualification is the Diploma person, it does not make them a quali- dom, and following years of training in Public Service Interpreting (DPSI), fied, experienced interpreter. in order to become registered with the available in law, health or local gov- Most interpreters work on a freelance NRCPD, they have strict terms of pay- ernment specialisms, across a range of basis via an LSP, and it is the responsi- ment. This means that an LSP will only languages. There are many language bility of the LSP to make sure the inter- secure these interpreters by paying in related degrees and in order to register preters they provide are appropriately line with their terms of payment. It is with many language service providers qualified and experienced for the work important that public sector organi- (LSPs), interpreters will be required to they undertake. No responsible LSP zations check that the LSP’s pricing prove a certain number of hours of would allocate work to an interpreter structure reflects this. experience in public sector interpreting who is not fit for the purpose. There Another example is languages and provide documented evidence of is, however, a significant cost attached where fewer qualified interpreters are continuous professional development. to this in terms of the recruitment and available, such as Tamil or Nepalese. At the other end of the spectrum vetting of interpreters. In order to thor- If the contract price of one provider is there are interpreters native in a for- oughly undertake the vetting procedure, considerably less than another, a pro- eign language with a demonstrable an LSP will check security clearances, curement professional needs to ask the command of spoken and written right-to-work, relevant qualifications question, “will the cheaper provider English. There are also interpreters and will undertake a series of interviews. be able to undertake all the assign- native in English with a demonstrable In the United Kingdom, the typical cost ments necessary or are we going to be command of spoken and written skills to an LSP of recruiting and vetting an left with a high number that are not in a foreign tongue, and holding a interpreter is between £350.00 and completed?” As demand for qualified Community Interpreting Certificate or £450.00. interpreters in these language pairs is equivalent qualification. Why can’t the public sector simply higher than the supply, the interpreters British Sign Language (BSL) inter- secure interpreters directly? This is will often demand a much higher pay- preters working within the public sec- theoretically possible, but good quality ment than that of a common language, tor should ideally be registered with LSPs are experienced in working with such as Urdu, where more qualified The National Registers of Communica- freelance interpreters and most will interpreters are available. If an LSP is tion Professionals working with the have developed a clear set of terms and unable to provide an interpreter for Deaf and Deafblind People (NRCPD), conditions and standards for interpret- assignments due to the lack of inter- and they should also be members of ers to work with. preters and cost constraints, this will the Register of BSL/English Interpret- Additionally, many LSPs have have a negative impact on the quality ers. Qualifications include National developed technological solutions in of service, and ultimately the cost of Vocational Qualification Level 4 (pre- order to support processes for booking the contract. October 2010) BSL/English Interpret- interpreters. Public sector organiza- Managing the procurement pro- ing and Language Units, National tions may have little understanding cess is not easy for the public sector Vocational Qualification Level 6 (post- of volume and demand, but with the organization or the LSP. Here we have October 2010) BSL/English Interpreting use of technology and detailed man- highlighted that awarding contracts to and Language Units and Postgraduate agement information, LSPs are able to a reputable LSP may not be the cheap- diploma or MA in BSL/English Inter- monitor demand and find solutions to est solution, however, it is most likely preting from the University of Central any changes that may occur, in order to be the most cost-effective and high- Lancashire or the University of Leeds. to achieve fulfilment rates. Public sec- quality solution in the long term. www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 33 Industry Focus

Interpreting risks A good-quality LSP will use technol- sector for many years and includes A good-quality LSP will categorize ogy to enhance the service they provide the views from both large and small the work and allocate an appropriately to their customers. This will often mean suppliers. qualified and experienced interpreter to the customer will be able to track the In the Executive Summary, the each individual assignment. So, what are status of their bookings in real time, and ATC said “a near unanimous feel- the risks of awarding a contract to the be able to see details of the interpreter ing has been that the procurement of cheapest provider based on price only that has been assigned. Similarly, a language services is treated too much instead of awarding it to a reputable LSP? good quality LSP will be in a position to as a commodity, with not enough There are a number of risks asso- respond appropriately to special requests, understanding of how to access and ciated with the use of inexperienced, such as the gender of the interpreter and monitor the quality of service. There unqualified interpreters. Safeguarding ensuring the same interpreter is used is a preeminent focus by procurers on is perhaps the first that comes to mind. when continuity of service is important. the cost of service, with a disconnect A reputable LSP will not only know in understanding the quality that can the qualifications and experience their The future of interpreting be provided under any agreed budget.” registered freelance interpreters hold, Providing a high-quality interpret- The most significant recommenda- but they will also thoroughly vet inter- ing service is not always the cheapest tion from the ATC’s report was “the preters and know their background. option, but it is essential to prevent need for the public sector to reconnect This is especially important in cases risk to both public sector organizations service quality and the cost to deliver involving mental health, children, and their customers. Contracting a that service.” The language service young people and vulnerable adults. high-quality LSP will mean organiza- industry is still relatively young, but it Appropriately experienced and tions do not just obtain a supplier, but is rapidly growing. qualified interpreters will also be very a partner that will work closely with As we continue to move around the familiar with the environments they them in order to provide solutions to world in ever-increasing numbers, we work within. For example, an inter- problems and cost-saving efficiencies. will more and more frequently be mix- preter who is appropriately vetted, The Association of Translation ing with people who do not speak the qualified and experienced in health Companies (ATC) recently undertook a same language as us. In turn, the need care interpreting will be comfortable survey of its members that are currently for interpreters will continue to increase, working alongside health care pro- contractually providing public sector and the demand for professional, appro- fessionals and patients in a medical language services within the UK, and priately qualified and experienced inter- environment. They will be experienced subsequently produced a report of its preters will become more relevant. with medical terminology and also findings. The report was compiled in As the industry evolves and matures, in how to deliver distressing or even consultation with its member compa- professional, qualified and experienced bad news to patients and their fami- nies via a combination of written sub- interpreters will increase in number and lies. Incorrect interpreting can lead to missions and face-to-face interviews. It we will see less of those who simply unnecessary stress in this type of situ- has been built on their direct experi- speak the same language being used in ation, or worse still, misdiagnosis. ences of having worked with the public an interpreting context. M

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34 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Industry Focus

Teaching interpreting in community settings Angela Sasso

I came to community interpreting much like It was such a pivotal moment for me — an epiphany that many of us did back in 1980s-era North America. crystalized my understanding of the true power and critical I spoke another language, Spanish (although my role of an interpreter in the community and health care setting. I was the only one in the scenario who was able to hold mother tongue was Italian, it was not in much me accountable to the accuracy of the information being Idemand), had some time and wanted to help. transmitted. I could have said anything, or made any error, and no one would have known. I could have put ego fore- Armed with my good intentions and bearing not much front and made accuracy negligible and no one would have else in terms of interpreting skills, I applied to be a vol- been the wiser. More importantly, I realized that I could omit unteer and set off to help immigrants and refugees. The critical information that could have serious repercussions on going salary at that time for community “interpreters” the patient’s health and wellbeing. I was overwhelmed with was nil — interpreting in public services was pretty much the fear of this realization. a giving endeavor. But it didn’t take long before I hit I apologized to the doctor, called the interpreting services the wall where altruism meets competency and found through which I volunteered and asked them to find another myself a little too much out of my depth. I had been volunteer who was fluent in Spanish and also told them “no sent to interpret for a male inpatient who had been at St. more health care appointments, please — I’ll stick to welfare Paul’s Hospital for some time with an indeterminate set applications.” Spanish, a language that I learned during a of ills and pains. St. Paul’s Hospital was a major teaching six-month volunteer stint in Ecuador, was not a language hospital based on the edges of Vancouver’s downtown that I had ever studied. No one had ever screened my lan- east side. The patient, a refugee from El Salvador, was a guage or my aptitude for interpreting, or given me any middle-aged man I first encountered upon entering the training beyond telling me how to complete my volunteer hospital room that I had been directed to by the nurse paperwork. I was recruited and let loose to help the poor at the station. He was in his hospital gown, sitting on immigrants and refugees. the side of his bed with his legs hanging down. I was I realize that the experience presented above is one in which the only other person in the room with the patient until a lack of linguistic fluency was a predominant factor in the the doctor arrived a few minutes later. The agency that failure to advance the session, but it was also a case of being sent me had told me that the appointment would only be 30 minutes long, but once the staff, residents and others found out that an “interpreter” was present, I Angela Sasso is director of Shifting Pictures. A vet- suddenly found myself confronted with a wall of health eran trainer, researcher and manager in community care professionals wanting to ask specific questions of interpreting and intercultural competence, she is the patient. About a half hour into the appointment I currently president of Critical Link International realized that if I continued I might actually cause more and a member of the International and Canadian damage than do good. Advisory Committees to ISO/TC 3. www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 35 Industry Focus

completely unprepared. a financially sustain- Fluency alone, or even able enterprise. I built just having a theoreti- a team, redefined the cal appreciation of the mission and goals of role of the interpreter, the department and cannot fully prepare one set out to negotiate to work at a community contracts. But first we level in such emotion- had to clean house and ally laden and intense review our interpreter encounters. Community base. Reflecting back interpreting embodies on my own experi- the same ethical prin- ences as a volunteer, ciples and standards of I was fully aware that practice as interpreting we could no longer in other settings. It’s in operate the same way the application of the we had been operat- practice from booth, ing if we expected to or courtroom, to doc- not only be treated tor’s office wherein the as “professional” but nuances lie. Commu- also to be compen- nity interpreting, which sated for our services. in Canada is generally We culled the list of defined as all settings interpreters from over at a community level, 400 volunteers to less must also address the than 100 interpreters dynamics of interpret- who had dedicated ing at close-range and their time and studies the myth of the invis- to whatever resources ible interpreter. and training existed The volunteer- at the time. But more based, public service importantly, we had genesis of community to build our own cur- interpreting contributed ricula that addressed to its lowly status in the A group exercise in community interpreting and cultural competence at the the very unique and hierarchy of the lan- Cross-Cultural Communications agency and a sampling of their publications interesting demands of guage industry — but and instructional videos available to community interpreters. interpreting within a it also contributed to a community setting. profound understanding that interpret- In court situations, or legal settings in So how do we train community ers working in community and health general, the environment is adversarial. interpreters to be invisible yet empa- care settings had to be equipped with an In business or diplomatic settings the thetic, collaborative yet impartial? additional set of skills that involved the interpreter’s role can take on an addi- The first iterations of any curricula psychological and socio-cultural compo- tional escort detail, or cultural clarifier we developed during those early days nents. Interpreting in community settings role and is usually “partial” to one side included many activities around val- can be one of the most challenging areas in terms of alliances. These latter settings ues and cross-cultural dynamics. And in the field. Not only are your cognitive in and of themselves help interpreters to this day those are important com- and linguistic abilities brought to bear, remain formally detached. In commu- ponents in the training. Understand- but also your emotional, psychological nity settings, the interpreter must work ing the influence of culture and values and interpersonal skills. harder to enact the standards of practice in the interpreter-assisted setting is Interpreting in the community is because the context lends itself to draw- critical to maintaining the distance often experienced as a collaborative ing the interpreter into the dynamic. that interpreters require in order to effort since it lends itself to cooperation. Within two years of the assignment remain faithful to their primary role The setting is one in which, generally I describe above, I became the manager — understanding one’s own biases and speaking and more so in the health care of the very same department for which values and how to drop them at the environment, all of the parties present I had been an interpreter. Simultane- door. But also understanding insti- want to achieve the same outcome. ous to my being appointed as the tutional values and cultures, and the This collaborative emotion in which the manager and due to funding shifts, the interplay between client expectations encounter is couched creates a feeling department, a smaller service within a of a system, the practitioner's own of teamwork and can easily facilitate larger immigrant service agency, lost set of values, the interpreter’s aware- the interpreter moving into a role quite all of its federal funding as a volunteer ness of the context in which they are outside of the professional boundaries. service and I was tasked with creating working and the systemic values and

36 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] 36 Industry Focus

Community interpreting was born out of the need for public services Interpreting in community settings training: Five key considerations to engage, inform and interact with increasingly diverse linguistic popu- 1. Include simulated activities in every module and base them on real fieldwork/case studies lations that arrived as refugees and 2. Show videos and vignettes, or bring in actors, to demonstrate techniques and skills in immigrants. To this end, community a variety of languages and cultures interpreting has had to be respon- 3. Allow for discussion, both large and small group, to let students explore concepts and sive. This means that we are often their own views recruiting from a base that may not 4. Thread value-based activities and intercultural competency training throughout the course necessarily have the established sets 5. Have fun and allow students to see that faithfulness to the meaning of the message of skills and education necessary for and to the transparency of their role will be their greatest assets interpreting in terms of linguistic fluency or educational status. We have had such positive feedback from expectations. These variables intersect the field. Delivering the message that individuals who have been interpret- a seemingly straightforward encounter one has been diagnosed with cancer or ing for years without any training, in which the interpreter is expected to that a pregnancy has to be terminated as sometimes happens in the rush to use their interpreting skills to convey within feet of the listener’s physical respond, but who are now receiving the message. One of the most success- presence, and often in small offices, that training. ful teaching tools that I have used is or telling a client that they are no To quote one student: “My friends simulated activity — role-plays, case longer eligible for financial support ask me what there is to learn. My studies and group discussion — that or that their children are being taken friends say ‘you are just speaking from aid the student to not only hear, but into government exacts a toll on the Punjabi into English and back. It’s just also truly internalize the role of the interpreter, and tests their ability to talking.' I told my friend, ‘you have no interpreter. The success in utilizing remain impartial, detached and intact. idea how much I have learned.'" M these types of activities comes through the development of realistic scripts and scenarios that replicate events from the field. Community interpreting is interpreting at close-range. The community interpreter has to learn how to navigate through complex systems and ranges of emotions. It is straight- Translations for the Life Sciences, forward enough to teach interpreters working in community settings the Medical, IT and Technology Sectors ethical framework and the standards of practice, but to leave them with simply that would be unjust. When we teach interpreters that they must maintain their role boundaries, and Translation & Localization that they must be respectful of persons and professional in their presence, we Layout, Graphics & DTP must also work with them in simulated activities such as role plays that demonstrate the myriad of ways in Software Engineering which this is accomplished. And even then, we are sometimes stretched to provide a satisfactory course of action Multimedia Localization to every “what if…” or “it happened to me once…” because actual human encounters are always dynamic. Training interpreters is an ongoing endeavor — professional development workshops where peers can learn from each other and from experts must form a part of the scheme that is Certiﬁed under ISO 17100:2015 necessary to support and educate not www.adapt-localization.com only interpreters but also us as educa- Bonn | Barcelona | Stockholm | Copenhagen tors about the complexities faced in www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 37 The growing interpreting market Hélène Pielmeier Industry Focus

Interpreting services and technology will rep- efforts have led to interpreting beneficiaries increasingly resent 16% of outsourced language services in redeeming their option to receive language assistance, often at no cost. 2015, according to Common Sense Advisory Growth comes also from general economic and business (CSA) Research’s annual market study. In a trends. Whenever a company enters a new market, it often Iseparate survey the firm conducted with buy- adds language capabilities to support external client and ers of interpreting services from 25 countries, a prospect needs, and to enable training and communication across internal teams. Meanwhile, economic changes can hefty majority of 66% have seen their organiza- alter the need for language support in current markets. For tion’s demand for interpreting increase for one example, one respondent tied the increasing need for inter- or more language pairs over the last five years. preting support to the growing number of unemployment compensation claims. They noted a steady rise in demand, driven by And last but not least, force majeure disrupts language both the growing number and longer duration priorities. Respondents cited examples of natural and politi- of interpreting assignments. Respondents cited cal events ranging from the 2010 earthquake in Haiti to the changing populations, legislation, awareness, accession of new countries joining the European Union. This increase in demand observed by buyers of language globalization and force majeure as drivers for services finds its counterpart in the growth of the service this five-year growth spurt. offerings. CSA Research’s monitoring of the largest and fastest growing language service providers (LSPs) shows that First off, some buyers experienced growth in a specific interpreting-centric companies often grow faster than their community of speakers in their area. For example, the translation-centric counterparts. But not all interpreting arrival of refugees from another country added to the list of providers are progressing equally. LSPs that enable or deliver languages they needed to support. remote options — namely telephone or video interpreting — Next, legislation requiring language access gets the tend to show the most vibrant growth rates. attention of organizations providing certain services. For After learning about past trends from survey respondents, example, health care, legal entities and emergency response CSA Research turned to the future and asked buyers of lan- teams become more insistent on providing access to inter- guage services how they see their demand for interpretation preters as they gain a greater understanding of the legal or changing in the next three years. Only survey participants regulatory requirements. who already use a specific type of interpreting — on-site, In turn, the general public also becomes more aware of over the phone (OPI) or video remote (VRI) — could respond its rights to access an interpreter. Internal staff education to the question. While the majority of respondents for all three types of interpreting see a rosy future for the practice, the survey did find significant discrepancies in their projection for these offerings. Around 60% of respondents expect the demand for on-site interpreting and telephone interpreting to increase. In contrast, Hélène Pielmeier is the director of industry providers 90% of the sample expects VRI demand to rise. This more service at CSA Research. recent, more convenient, but more disruptive offering explains

38 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Industry Focus

Figure 1: The future of the demand for interpretation services. Respondents answered the question "how do you see the demand for interpreting changing in the next three years?" Source: Common Sense Advisory, Inc. in part the forecast of a slowdown in on- attending meetings and appointments. see some of its work converted to VRI. site interpreting (see Figure 1). They plan to reduce the cost of interna- However, buyers won’t eliminate any Three reasons emerged as drivers for tional travel and provide support, such interpreting type from their commu- buyers’ increased reliance on remote as VRI, for faraway participants. nication tool portfolio. CSA Research or virtualized interpreting modes such The bottom line is that the various expects further efforts by LSPs and as OPI and VRI. types of interpreting won’t all experi- technology suppliers to devise systems First, basic business needs favor ence the same steady growth. On-site that connect a variety of interpreting VRI over on-site interpreting. Cost, interpreting is under siege by providers resources — such as in-house linguists, immediacy and convenience explain of OPI and VRI. Part of that market will interpreter networks, OPI and VRI ven- the shift. Buyers seek to minimize succumb to these less costly alterna- dors, and increasing automation possi- expenses, but they also want to get tives, which often have the additional bilities — and enable buyers to prioritize interpreting on demand without the benefit of being available on demand. the order of deployment of resources hassle of prescheduling a physical Even conference interpreting could based on the use case and urgency. M appearance by an interpreter. Next, the supporting technology for remote interpreting has arrived. Users need access to the technology that supports OPI and VRI: dual-handset telephones, webcams, high-speed broadband, or 4G and LTE phone con- ISO17100 Certified by LICS nections. However, specialized devices ISO 9001:2008 Certified by CERMET will gradually be eclipsed as providers adapt widely used or newly available technology — such as a robot interpreter that holds a tablet that displays a VRI interpreter, smart wearables to deliver access to the service without the need for staff to learn a brand-new system, and emerging solutions melding speech recognition and machine translation. Third, the virtualization of businesses will change the nature of demand. Some respondents who forecast a reduction in interpretation needs link it to the use of English for corporate meetings. On the other hand, some survey-takers who see a shift to remote interpreting modes www.hansemeug.com link their plans to corporate efforts to reduce the number of people physically www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 39 Interpreter competence and practice

Industry Focus Peng Wang

Educators are on a quest to find ways to the texts or speeches they interpret; and (4) both declarative add value to the industry through high-quality and procedural knowledge about interpretation. Of these four components, only the fourth is related to skills. Here, I teaching. We ask what most professionals and will discuss the relationship between knowledge and skills in practitioners cannot achieve in its fullest sense interpreter competence and the role of practice in the acqui- Eand in an efficient way through field experience sition process of the competence. and self-instruction alone, and where they need Knowledge and skills in interpreter competence formal training. This is exactly where an educa- Interpreters should possess both knowledge and skills tional program can help contribute to the market. so as to function adequately on the job. First, interpreters should have good knowledge of languages, including both When it comes to the field of interpreter education, how- their passive working languages (also known as interpreters’ ever, this can be a rather daunting task. For many people, B languages) and active working languages (also known as interpreting is not an academic subject, even though it is interpreters’ A languages). In real-life interpreting assign- often taught at universities. As Andrew Gilles pointed out ments, one of the most significant issues for an interpreter in his 2013 book Conference Interpreting, interpreting is a is comprehension. If an interpreter cannot understand the combination of skills that one can explain and understand source speech, all of the interpreting coping strategies can quite quickly, but which take a far longer time to master only serve to cover the issue, rather than to solve it. Some- in practice. It is the difficulty of acquiring the interpreter times when interpreters cannot find a way to hide the issue, skills that makes this profession seem far beyond the reach they fail the task. of many people. This language-related knowledge cannot be achieved On the other hand, does it mean knowledge is not impor- only through interpreting practice. Research shows that tant in interpreter training? The short answer to this question interpreting practice is an efficient way to help improve is no. According to Daniel Gile’s 2009 Basic Concepts and language proficiency. However, an interpreting training Models for Interpreter and Translator Training, interpreter program should never confuse interpreting skills with competence consists of four components: (1) good passive language knowledge or skills. Students with low language knowledge of their passive working languages; (2) good proficiency levels need to sign up for extra language command of their active working languages; (3) sufficient enhancement courses, such as intensive writing, grammar knowledge of the themes and subject-matters addressed by and diction classes, to improve their language proficiency in both their active working languages and passive working languages. Second, interpreters need to have sufficient knowledge Peng Wang is a lecturer and CAT tool coordinator of of the themes and subject matters addressed by the speeches graduate studies in the interpreting and translation they interpret. This content knowledge provides interpreters program at the University of Maryland. She has with the context for their assignments, including relevant authored two books. glossary, concepts and cultural background. Interpreters may

40 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Industry Focus also choose to specialize in a certain knowledge” is the ability to actually reproducing trained behavior, stu- domain or a number of domains. In the perform action. It refers to “techni- dents start to acquire skills. At this real-life working environment, we find cal skills” such as techniques for stage, students may make several that the roles of subject-matter experts language enhancement and mainte- mistakes in their first attempt and and interpreters are interchangeable in nance, for note-taking in consecutive, need to repeat the exercises many some circumstances. For example, a and for anticipation in simultaneous times. At the beginning of the inter- doctor may work as an interpreter for interpreting. preting training, it is a good idea for a medical conference or an interpreter It is in the procedural knowledge the students to practice with the same in the domain of politics becomes a that interpreting practice plays a key source speech several times. Usually it political officer. In China, for example, role. This type of knowledge provides is recommended that each speech be quite a few high-level political officers guidelines for students to practice interpreted twice in practice. When in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs used skills. Interpreting skill sets include interpreting, students need to record to work as interpreters. many aspects. For example, Confer- their first attempt of interpreting, lis- Again, content knowledge can- ence Interpreting summarizes the ten to it, highlight the places that are not be achieved only by interpreting basic skill set for an interpreter as (1) not well interpreted, rethink the way practice, even though interpreting delivery, active listening and analysis, to translate them, sometimes do some practice may reinforce an interpreter’s memory and recall, note-taking, refor- research to find a better way to render understanding of a certain topic. Stu- mulation, self-monitoring and split the meaning in the source speech and dents need to take relevant courses attention in consecutive interpreting; finally do the interpreting again. If or read extensively in areas such as and (2) delivery, split attention, time the second attempt is satisfactory, stu- intercultural communication, politi- lag, anticipation, reformulation, self- dents can move on to another speech. cal rhetoric, health communication monitoring and stress management in It is always better to do it again than and computer science to deepen their simultaneous interpreting. to rush to the next speech. content knowledge of subject matters. Compilation skills occur with con- Third, there is some knowledge that Skills acquisition tinued practice beyond initial successes can be transited from knowledge to for interpreters at reproducing trained behavior. Per- skills. Daniel Gile discussed two types How does one achieve the above- formance at this stage is characterized of knowledge, namely, declarative mentioned skills? The process of by faster, less error-prone performance knowledge and procedural knowl- acquisition consists of three stages: and by the integration of discrete steps edge. According to him, “declarative initial skill acquisition, skill compila- into a single act. In interpreting prac- knowledge” is the kind of knowledge tion and skill automaticity. tice, this also means fewer times that that can be described in words, which In the process of initial skill acqui- students or interpreters may need to includes such knowledge as knowledge sition, interpreters can transit their practice with the same source speech about the marketplace, about clients declarative knowledge to procedural and hence their interpreting practice and about behavioral norms govern- knowledge. In other words, through can be more extensive and involve ing interpreter practice. “Procedural doing interpreting exercises and more types of source speeches.

www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 41 The subsequent stage for skill acqui- Two models for interpreters sition is the automaticity stage. At this One big difference between a trained stage, students not only perform tasks interpreter and a self-taught interpreter quickly but also are able to maintain is in the sequence of acquaintance and YOUR parallel rather than successive process- the structure of knowledge and skills. ing of activities. Interpreting in this A trained interpreter may start with PARTNER sense is very much like one of the knowledge and move down to specific for most difficult sports. Through practice, skill sets acquisition by practice. A Multilingual trainees started from initial skill acqui- self-instructed interpreter, on the other sition to skill compilation and then to hand, starts from the bottom. He or she Events the subsequent automaticity stage. The first practices interpreting and then ultimate goal of interpreting training gradually moves up to the knowledge is that students can draw upon a solid stage. This interpreter might reflect on reserve of automatic reflexes so that his or her own interpreting behaviors, they can free their mind for those parts or resort to some discussions about of the interpretative process that need interpreting, for example, from an their fullest attention. At this stage, experienced interpreter’s blog or from students should possess sufficient published books. knowledge in language and content The top-down and bottom-up mod- and they are more likely to detect els describe the starting point of an the appropriate situations for using interpreter’s competence achievement a skill and to have their own style of process as well as the possible direc- interpreting. tion of learning. However, they do not necessarily mean that an interpreter Mixed structures will definitely move in that direction. Conference Both knowledge and skills are In other words, a person may start Interpretation essential components of interpreter from the knowledge about interpreting Technology competence. These two aspects are but does not practice; hence this per- supplementary to each other rather son can only talk about interpreting than contradictory. For example, if but cannot do interpreting. In another students have a better knowledge extreme scenario, a person may only about the thematic field and their be able to do interpreting but does working languages (both A and B lan- not aim to or is not able to talk about guages), they may not need to practice interpreting. Both extreme cases of with the same speech many times in learning models are insufficient. their practice, even at the initial skill acquisition stage. If a student has a A balanced approach better knowledge of his or her working In the educational setting, the whole languages and of content knowledge interpreting curriculum should aim to in most of the interpreting domains, he achieve a balanced structure of knowl- Turn-Key or she will be the top student in class edge and skills. Knowledge can be Solutions and will shorten the time spent on the taught in multilingual classrooms and initial acquisition stage and the skill different courses may end up emphasiz- compilation stage, hence achieving the ing the same set of core knowledge from goal of skill automaticity earlier. various perspectives, such as courses of In some circumstances, people mix interpreting methodology, interpreting the concept of practicing skills with studies and intercultural communication. that of learning knowledge in their On the other hand, students can tasks. For example, some students practice and acquire interpreting skills may spend a long time on a specific in language-specific classrooms, where task because they also want to memo- active interpreters working in the mar- rize some vocabulary and learn some ket will act as instructors. These might Grow your content knowledge through the inter- include staff interpreters working in interpretation business! preting exercise. Even though a good the State Department, World Bank, Contact us to learn how we source speech could help students with International Monetary Fund and the can support your next event. both aspects, it would be better if the Organization of American States. Stu- students were aware of this difference dents will greatly benefit from these in advance so that they could manage instructors’ valuable experiences and their time efficiently in their practice feedback in their acquisition process www.conferencerental.com outside class. of interpreter competence. M [email protected] 42 [email protected] Translation

Open course translation in China Gao Min

Open courses are free online courses acces- tute of Technology (MIT), Yale and Harvard also joined in. All these initiatives helped promote highly interactive university- sible to everyone. These are normally offered in level courses to the public, free of charge. Although open the form of class lectures released as high-qual- courses have been available online since 2002, most Chinese ity videos and are published by universities and viewers barely knew it until the beginning of 2010, when a Oorganizations on their websites. fansub group in China called YYeTs translated the Harvard open course called “Justice." This course enjoyed a huge Currently, over 250 member institutions around the globe following in China. From then on, other fansub groups also have joined the OpenCourseWare Consortium (OCWC) and joined in translating open courses from leading universities committed to sharing their courses online to the worldwide such as Stanford and Oxford. On Novmber 1, 2010, NetEase, community. Open course videos have been available in China one of the four largest web portals in China, launched its open since 2002; however, because of the language barrier, they course channel at http://open.163.com/ and began to translate didn’t become popular among Chinese viewers until they and promote open courses, making itself the leading platform were subtitled in Chinese about five years ago. According to for providing open courses in China. NetEase released its first NetEase, the first and major Chinese website for providing batch of 1,200 video clips of lectures, with more than 200 of online open courses, the registered users of open courses in them subtitled in Chinese. Then it successively invested a total China had reached about 20 million by the end of 2014. This amount of more than RMB 15 million for the translation of number is still increasing. subtitles and the post-production of the videos. With the rising Currently, most of the open course translation is done by popularity of open courses, Sina (another web portal among two of the largest web portals in China, NetEase and Sina, the four largest ones in China) also initiated the open course for nonprofit purposes. They invest money to recruit part- project under its existing educational channel in April of time translators (many of whom are unprofessional but who 2011. So far, NetEase and Sina have been the only two major have an academic background in a certain discipline) and platforms for subtitle translation of open courses through get involved in the post-production of subtitled videos so as professional translators, and they cooperate with some large to promote their corporate image among the public. Some fansubbing groups as well. fansubbing groups also indirectly contribute to open course Subtitle translations of films and television series far out- translation through providing translations to the web portals. number open course translations in China. This has much to The amateurish background of the translators brings unique do with the large demand of these entertaining programs from features to the open course translation, meanwhile triggering the public. It is reported that the number of imported films is unsolved problems. more than 400 annually and this peaked in 2006, when the number reached 1832 in total. The major channels for import- The development of open ing foreign films include cinemas, audio and video publishing course translation in China Open course is a method of distance education that has enjoyed great popularity in the past decade. It first appeared in the website of the University of California, Berkely (http:// Gao Min is a freelance translator and webcast.berkeley.edu), where lectures, eventually both audio teacher at Guangdong Polytechnic College. and video lectures, were posted for public consumption. From She holds a degree in translation studies from 2002, other top universities including the Massachusetts Insti- Guangdong University of Foreign Studies.

www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 43 Translation

Up until now, the online open courses provided by NetEase cover almost all disciplines including humanities, soci- ology and science from both Chinese universities and foreign universities. Open courses from foreign universities are the most popular and well known by viewers in China. The daily page views of open courses from such universities as Oxford or Harvard have exceeded 1.3 million since November of 2010. According to a web survey conducted by the China Youth Daily Social Survey Center, 75.2% of the 1,454 participants watched open course videos from foreign universities and 69.2% of them preferred watching these to Chinese equivalents. One of the determining video selection factors is the subtitles. Chinese scholar Liang Yunzhen conducted a questionnaire survey of 300 college students in China, stating that “71.2% of the subjects responded that Figure 1: The number of imported films in China from 2005 to 2011. they would not or probably would not watch the online course videos if they houses, TV stations and video websites. the translation of foreign films from are not subtitled in Chinese.” Figure 1 shows the number of imported western countries began 20 years ago, So far, the project of translating films in China from the year 2005 to when China imported the American open courses has been undertaken by 2011. The information is released by the film The Fugitive produced by Warner two groups: part-time translators who State Administration of Press, Publica- Bros, translated it and dubbed it into get paid to work for NetEase and Sina; tion, Radio, Film and Television of the Chinese. Second, the translation of and fansubbing groups that translate People’s Republic of China. films or TV series is a profit-driven and open courses for free. These two together The box office revenue of the films organized act performed by commercial contribute to the translation of almost in mainland China in the first half year corporations or by the government. In all open courses online in China. Take of 2015 alone was over 20 billion yuan, comparison, the translation of open NetEase, for example — most of the among which, that of the foreign films course is undertaken by grassroots translation was done by fansubbing was nearly 11 billion yuan, account- powers such as fansubbing groups or groups when it first launched the plat- ing for 53.17% of the total. The latest a few commercial organizations. Their form in 2011. As the only member in figure announced by the organization influence is quite limited. In terms China that joined the global OCWC, the suggests that eight of the top ten box of translation quality, the translated website later set up a special fund for office hits are films from America such subtitles of open courses are provided recruiting part-time translators, making as Fast & Furious 7, The Avengers: to the public online, free of charge, itself the leading platform for providing Age of Ultron, Jurassic World and The without any financial or policy support online open courses subtitled in Chinese. Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies. from the government. Most viewers The reason for NetEase to conduct this Due to the fact that young people in of open courses are grateful for easier project is quite simple. It aims to promote China are the main audience of films accessibility to the world's cutting- its company image and establish a good (contributing to nearly 87% of the box edge knowledge provided by renowned reputation among the public. Its main office revenue in 2014), more and more universities. Thus, viewers seem to be focus is still on profitable products such imported films adopt subtitling instead more tolerant to the translation of open as the development of online games, of dubbing to cater to the taste of this courses. They show respect for the act software, and eCommerce. group. Correspondingly, translation of of translating open courses because films and TV series is booming. it helps facilitate their acquisition of Features of open Compared with this, open course knowledge. Some netizens even posted course translation translation has always been in the mar- on forums of open course by saying Open course translation in China dis- ginal area within the translation studies “The translation of open courses is a tinguishes itself from films or television in China and its translation quality is great project, beneficial to all Chinese series subtitling in that literal translation barely commented upon. Several fac- people and may probably go down in is frequently employed and the translators contribute to this phenomenon. the history of China.” Also, government tion seems to have a more serious tone. First, the translation of open course supervision of open course translation In fact, literal translation is overused only started a few years ago, while is less strict than on films or TV series. in order to seek loyalty to the source

44 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Translation

"literal translation is overused in order to seek loyalty to the source text."

explicitly about transformation.” By saying this, he means the future series of lectures will not only give information about psychology to the students, but will also clearly tell the students how to transform their mind or thoughts. But in the Chinese translation, “explicitly” is translated to refer to the “obvious content” of the course, meaning that the course is obviously about information as well as transformation, which is an inaccurate translation of the original meaning. The second feature is that Chinese idioms with four- character structures are often employed during the subtitle translation. This has much to do with the constrained nature of audiovisual text. The application of idioms in translation can help save time and space while accurately transmitting the meaning of the source text. Also in the open course “Posi- tive Psychology," Ben-Shahar comments that many lectures, Figure 2: Inaccurate Chinese translation of English subtitles. books, workshops and seminars on psychology lack sub- stance. The English subtitles and the corresponding Chinese translation is:

Source: Very often, overpromising and underdelivering Target: 通常都言过其实无法兑现

The words “overpromising” and “underdelivering” are translated into Chinese verbs as “言过其实” and “无法兑现.” The four-word phrases help save space on the screen while transmitting the original meaning to a large extent. Addi- tionally, the conversion of adjectives into verbs accords with the conventional expression of the target text. Another feature is the free and casual translation of informal language in open courses. Unlike conversations between characters in films or television series, most of the lectures are monologues of the lecturers in class. Domain-specific terminology is frequently used together with colloquial expressions to give examples or tell stories. When translating this kind of informal language, it seems the translators are a little more daring. Again, in the Harvard open course “Positive Psychol- ogy," when Ben-Shahar explains that some books or seminars advocate such concepts as “five things to be happy” or “one Figure 3: Translation of informal expressions in an open course. secret of success,” which are overpromising and underdelivering, the subtitles are: text. This may sometimes lead to inaccurate expressions going against the convention of the target text. Figure 2 is an example Source: So these are five things you need to know to be happy from the popular Harvard open course “Positive Psychology." Target: 比如, 快乐的五个关键 (For example, the five key points to be happy) Source: It is also explicitly about transformation. Target: 而且关于如何变形显而易见 From the literal meaning of the original subtitles, coupled (It is also about how to transform. This is obvious) with the body language of the professor, (Figure 3) it seems that he is emphasizing five things that the students need to This is from the first lecture of “Positive Psychology" when know to become happy. For the Chinese viewers of the open Dr. Ben-Shahar is introducing the course to the whole class. course who rely so much on subtitle translation, if the origi- He says that “this class is not just about information, it is also nal subtitle is translated literally as “这些是你获得快乐需要 www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 45 Translation

teer translators is that their translating speed cannot meet the fast development of open courses and the demand from the viewers. Another problem is that the translating quality of some courses cannot be guaranteed, which directly influence the users’ viewing experience.” Unlike the translation of films or television series which focuses on being entertaining, the translation of open course attaches more importance to being accurate and informative. This requires the translators to possess certain background knowledge of a particular field, while also having certain translation skills geared toward the constrained nature of subtitling. Figure 4: The subtitle error correction interface on the NetEase website. Currently, NetEase and Sina communicate with viewers through such channels as forums, microblog or WeChat. When it comes to the error correction of the subtitles, the interface is rather simple. It allows the viewers to correct translating mistakes by submitting their suggested versions, but whether the corrections are accepted or even noticed is unknown. Figure 4 is a screenshot of the error correction interface for the subtitle translation of one video from NetEase. The upper right corner contains an error correction area. After the correction for a line of subtitle translation is submitted, the correction interface is demon- strated in Figure 5. But the question is where the correc- Figure 5: The interface for the correction of subtitle translations. tions have gone and whether or not the revised versions get any attention.

知道的五件事情,” this would be quite translation of open course subtitles, Conclusion confusing for them. They will expect especially those in less universally used The translation of open course in to know the list of these five things, foreign languages in China. Many view- China has achieved so much in the past but will not find it anywhere in the ers were urging NetEase to speed up five years, but it still has a long way lecture. Therefore, the translators, who the translation of their favorite open to go. With the increasing number of likely read the script of the whole lec- courses. Due to this, NetEase initiated viewers every day, there are pressing ture before translation and understand voting at the bottom of its homepage, problems to be addressed, such as slow the context, translate the phrase by inviting its viewers to choose which translating speed, inadequately qualified adding words such as “比如,” which existing open course should be trans- translators and inefficient communica- means “for example” in Chinese. This lated more quickly. The top five courses tion with viewers. Will the translation avoids misunderstanding on one side voted up by viewers in each period of open courses last long as a nonprofit and makes the translation of the whole would be listed as a priority for trans- project undertaken by the commercial text more coherent on the other side. lation. However, this did not solve the companies such as NetEase and Sina? problems at their source. Does it need support from the govern- Existing issues Moreover, the translation quality of ment? In addition, fansubbing groups As Ding Lei, CEO of NetEase pointed open courses done by amateur or vol- are still indispensable at the present out at the China Mobile Internet Confer- unteer translators from the fansubbing stage of promoting subtitle translation ence in 2011, NetEase has met up with groups has met with some problems. of open courses. But whether they will a bottleneck in open course translation. According to Mei Jingsong, who is in have a more significant role to play or There were an inadequate number of charge of the open course translation in if they will completely disappear and be translators who were qualified for the Sina, “one of the problems with volun- replaced by others is still unknown. M

46 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Technology

Preparing image text for CAT tools Exequiel Klopman

In translation projects with images and graph- files to fix segmentation, and to look for linked or embedded ics that include text, good planning can mean the images that include text that must be translated. When we difference between an effective approach or days find images, charts, forms or any other elements with text that is not editable within the working source file, we need of back-and-forth. Here we will look at some tips to make some well-informed decisions. Ifor preparing image text, from the bare basics to Computer assisted translation (CAT) tools have basic a few advanced pointers. This should be of value input/translation/output process structures. As with most software, these tools deal with different kinds of files and for translators and project managers learning to are able to import text under a variety of file types — and work with graphically complex documents, and export it in a different file type. Different translating tools graphic operators learning to deal with those will be capable of opening a different variety of file types documents for the process of translation. for translation, each one with their own approach. As a rule, they won’t be able to process as editable text any strings of Translation projects have at least two sides. One is the purely characters that are externally linked or embedded in a docu- linguistic, while especially in more complex jobs such as mag- ment. For example, a PDF chart that is pasted or linked in an azines and manuals, the overall file management and desktop InDesign IDML document will not be editable or translatable publishing (DTP) can be a challenge that must be handled with once the document is imported into a CAT tool, even though the right mix of experience, technology and communication both file types belong to Adobe. Only the text set in InDesign skills. More specifically, everyone involved — meaning not text boxes will. This “invisible” text in the images sometimes only the managers — should have a general knowledge of the can include a vast number of words — in some cases perhaps limits and abilities of others in a team. In our graphic design more than half of all the text in a document. company, we’ve used many systems to interact with linguists So, say we have our main document converted to an and editors in our efforts to serve the translation industry for exchange format (let’s say our InDesign INDD file is already over a decade. For example, Kilgray’s ambitious and compre- converted into IDML) and ready to import to our CAT tool. But hensive memoQ makes it possible to set up everything about it will not “see” all the text that is in our charts and graphics, a project, including personnel, term bases and memories. The because it was made with, for example, other Adobe tools, and tool offers an interface between those two sides of the project: this means we are not able to translate or even count for an the words and everything beside them, including images. The estimate all the words on our project’s images. What we need following recommendations come from our experiences in the now is to extract all that text to convert it into a format that’s field of multilingual DTP as a practical guide of how to deal with text that is embedded in images, which in our experience is important to know not only for DTP specialists but also for Exequiel Klopman is a graphic designer with a translators, editors and project managers. degree in management from the Design School Let’s mention upfront what the key to everything is: a at Universidad de Buenos Aires and a master’s in well-planned workflow and preflight for each project. Pre- cultural communication. He leads EXK Multilingual flight is the part of the overall process where the documents Visual Services, a studio specialized in DTP and are prepared for translation. This means editing the source interactive services for complex translation projects. www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 47 Technology

of your charts and graphics will come back from translation with their sizes and styles on, almost ready to go. How- ever, you will end up with as many files as there are images, which can be a lot. And some of these exchange formats can be tricky or unstable depending on obscure code subtleties, so try to export and translate one sample image and see how it works first. Extracting image text into a word file is perhaps the most traditional, foolproof technique. Open the image file and copy or retype all the text in it to a Microsoft word file. Make sure to fix segments. Make sure to make the file “format rich” by using size, bold If you can select a line of text in your working file, your CAT tool text and color, just enough to roughly will read it. If it behaves like an image, it needs to be extracted. mimic the source layout to make it easier for DTP to copy and paste the text readable by our CAT tool, and we have This should be the first thing you try — into the translated image. One good different choices of how to do it. can you convert the image as it is, with thing about this is that you can extract The key idea in planning and pre- the text in it, into a format that’s among all the text of several images across flight is to analyze and plan in detail the import options of the CAT tool? For several documents into one single to choose an approach for the best example, graphics made in Adobe Illus- word document. This is ideal when you results in quality, in the shortest time, trator (AI or EPS files) can be exported have many images that repeat the same using minimal effort. in the SVG format, and then imported text or that need some basic format- normally for translation in memoQ. As ting in the extraction document. This Typical options for text extraction with all formats, check carefully for seg- solution also creates extra documents We can group the possible approaches mentation in preflight, and that captions under four options: exporting, extract- or other text in the image have not been ing “out,” transcribing and extracting vectorized (converted to curves). When GLOSSARY “in.” First, and ideally, you can save and SVG or other direct exchange formats Convert: Change a document from one export images in an editable format. work, they work like a charm, and all file type into another. Exchange format: The file type to which you can convert your source file, for importing it into your CAT tool. For example, IDML is the exchange format between Adobe Indesign and most specialized software. Extract: Copy or retype a text from a file that is nonreadable for translating software onto one that is. Format: 1) Verb: the core action in desktop publishing: handling layout, typography and images. In translation, make the translated layout look like the source layout. 2) Noun: synonymous with file type: JPG format, IDML format. Art of localization Reflow: 1) In graphic terms, refers to running the flow of a text to fit a certain Mastering it for 20 years visual space, particularly after translating or editing. 2) To extract documents from a translating system. Translation • Quality Management Segmentation: The way CAT tools Language Technology • Testing fractions text for translation. For example, one sentence that was split with a soft return in a document not checked for www.janusww.com email: [email protected] segmentation will be processed by a system +1 (855) 5268799 as two segments, or two different sentences, ISO 9001:2008 and EN 15038:200605 certified which would distort translation.

48 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Tools & Services Showcase in the project, however, and ultimately, it falls into the time-consuming, fall- back copy-pasting technique. Transcribing is a process specific to memoQ. This industrial-level platform Europe’s No. 1 Individual Approach. recently upgraded by Kilgray allows Greek Localizer you to import the images in a project to Customized Solutions. make them available to a DTP specialist, Since 1986, EuroGreek has been providing high- process them and export them back, all quality, turnkey solutions, encompassing a whole Ciklopea is an award-winning high-tech within the system. You can retype all range of client needs, for the following language language solutions partner with more than a text within text entry windows inside combinations: decade of experience in technical, medical, the system and then prepare an image pharmaceutical, legal, marketing, business and localization pack. This creates a zipped • English into Greek package with all the images of a project. • Greek into English general translation and localization. This integrates and interrelates basically • German into Greek With a network of regional production offices all the steps into the CAT system, includ- • French into Greek and professionally trained, specialized and highly ing the transcription. This is ideal for All EuroGreek’s work is produced in our Athens experienced native translators and management posters, advertisements and images with production center and covers most subjects: team, Ciklopea is the right choice for all transla- short and simple text. Long term, with a • Technical tion and localization projects in SEE languages. team used to it, this can be a powerful • Medical/Pharmaceutical approach. However, also consider that Ciklopea is certified in accordance with ISO • IT/Telecommunications 9001:2008, EN 15038 and ISO 27001:2013. depending on who does the extraction, • Economics/Legal it makes the DTP go back and forth between translating and DTP systems, All EuroGreek’s work is fully guaranteed for which can be overall relatively slower in quality and on-time delivery. projects with many or complex images, CIKLOPEA d.o.o. such as technical manuals. Additionally, EuroGreek Translations Limited Zagreb/Rijeka, Croatia • Belgrade, Serbia the learning curve is relatively steep. London, UK • Athens, Greece [email protected] • www.ciklopea.com Finally, you can extract image text [email protected] • www.eurogreek.com into the main document. This is one “lazy” approach that we started doing, and with time it turned out to be the most efficient for certain jobs. Let’s say we have a magazine in INDD format with a number of graphics and charts that include text. What we do in this technique is to open the image/graphics files and copy the text from the graphics Professional Translation Medical Translations in normal text boxes, which we create MediLingua is one of Europe’s few companies inside the main INDD document, usually and Localization Service specializing in medical translation. We provide in the page and along the position of all European languages and the major languages the image. Or simply retype them — the WISE-CONCETTI LTD (Vnlocalize) is the most renowned localization supplier in Southeast of Asia and Africa as well as the usual translation- idea is to copy the text from the linked related services. image files to a box in the main docu- Asia. We don't just want to be the most reliable ment they are linked to. This approach is language service supplier but a professional Our 450-plus translators have a combined simple and fast: you get main text and company that provides our clients with real added medical and language background. extracted text together in one single file. value and the highest level of satisfaction. We work for manufacturers of medical It works best if the same person does the Why choose us for localization and translation devices, instruments, in-vitro diagnostics and extraction and the formatting. service? software; pharmaceutical companies; medical This sums up the approaches we • More than 80 linguists in 4 offices: Vietnam, publishers; national and international medical know to preparing text from images organizations; and medical journals. for translation. Choosing the right Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia technique considering the technol- • Audited company with ISO 9001:2008 Call or e-mail Simon Andriesen or visit our ogy, characteristics of each project certification website for more information. and human resources available can • Full localization service: save many hours of work and keep the Translation – Engineering – Testing most demanding clients happy, as spe- MediLingua BV cialized experience will allow you to Wise Concetti Leiden, The Netherlands solve many problems before they show Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand [email protected] M themselves. www.vnlocalize.com • [email protected] www.medilingua.com www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 49 Basic terminology

Basics This section offers terminology, abbreviations, acronyms and other resources, especially as related to the content of this issue. For more definitions, see the Glossary section of MultiLingual’s annual Resource Directory and Index (www.multilingual.com/resource-directory).

application programming interface (API). A software hanzi. A logogram, literally meaning Han character, used in interface that enables applications to communicate with each writing Chinese. These Chinese characters have also been bor- other. An API is the set of programming language constructs rowed for use in Japanese (kanji), less frequently Korean (hanja), or statements that can be coded in an application program and formerly Vietnamese (hán tự), and other languages. to obtain the specific functions and services provided by an International Organization for Standardization (ISO). A underlying operating system or service program. network of national standards institutes from 145 countries community interpreting. A type of interpreting service working in partnership with international organizations, gov- that is particularly vital in communities with large numbers of ernments, industry, business and consumer representatives. ISO ethnic minorities, enabling those minorities to access services acts as a bridge between public and private sectors. where, due to the language barrier, they would otherwise find internationalization (i18n). Especially in a computing con- it difficult. Situations where such interpreters are necessary text, the process of generalizing a product so that it can handle typically include medical, educational, housing and legal areas. multiple languages and cultural conventions (currency, number Community interpreters need not only to be fluent in the lan- separators, dates) without the need for redesign. guage that they are interpreting, but also need to be familiar with the public services involved. localization (l10n). In this context, the process of adapting computer-aided translation (CAT). Computer technology a product or software to a specific international language or applications that assist in the act of translating text from one culture so that it seems natural to that particular region. True language to another. localization considers language, culture, customs and the characteristics of the target locale. conference interpreting. The interpretation of a multilingual conference or meeting, either simultaneously or consecutively. machine translation (MT). A technology that translates International institutions such as the European Union and the text from one human language to another, using terminology United Nations hold multilingual meetings that often need to glossaries and advanced grammatical, syntactic and semantic be interpreted into several foreign languages, usually done via analysis techniques. headset by behind-the-scenes conference interpreters. natural language processing (NLP). A main focus of com- content management system (CMS). A system used to putational linguistics, the aim of NLP is to devise techniques to store and subsequently find and retrieve large amounts of data. automatically analyze large quantities of spoken (transcribed) CMSs were not originally designed to synchronize translation or written text in ways that parallel what happens when and localization of content, so most have been partnered with humans perform this task. globalization management systems. project management (PM). The systematic planning, orga- The Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA). A nizing and controlling of allocated resources to accomplish topic-oriented XML-based document architecture managed project cost, time and performance objectives. PM is normally by the DITA Technical Committee at the Organization for the reserved for focused, nonrepetitive, time-limited activities with Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). some degree of risk. eXtensible Markup Language (XML). A programming lan- return on investment (ROI). In finance, the ratio of money guage/specification pared down from SGML, an international gained or lost on an investment relative to the amount of standard for the publication and delivery of electronic informa- money invested. The amount of money gained or lost may be tion, designed especially for web documents. referred to as interest, profit/loss, gain/loss or net income/loss.

50 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Basics

rule-based machine translation social games. In this context, a translation memory (TM). A spe- (RBMT). The application of sets of social network game is a type of online cial database that stores previously linguistic rules that are defined as game distributed primarily through translated sentences which can then correspondences between the struc- social networks such as Facebook. be reused on a sentence-by-sen- ture of the source language and that Social games are usually characterized tence basis. The database matches of the target language. The first stage by community, often built around the source to target language pairs. existing social network, and the ability involves analyzing the input text for Unicode. The Unicode Worldwide morphology and syntax — and some- to drop in and out of the game without Character Standard (Unicode) is a times semantics — to create an inter- ever winning or losing. character encoding standard used nal representation. The translation is source language (SL). A language to represent text for computer pro- then generated from this represen- that is to be translated into another cessing. Originally designed to sup- tation using extensive lexicons with language. port 65,000 characters, it now has morphological, syntactic and seman- statistical machine translation tic information, and large sets of rules. encoding forms to support more (SMT). A machine translation para- than one million characters. simship. Simultaneous shipment of a digm where translations are gener- XML Localization Interchange product to different markets worldwide, ated on the basis of statistical models File Format (XLIFF). An XML-based as opposed to releasing in the home whose parameters are derived from format for exchanging localization market first and in other locales later. the analysis of bilingual text corpora. data. Standardized by OASIS in April simultaneous interpreting. The SMT is the translation of text from one human language to another by a com- 2002 and aimed at the localization interpreter reformulates the message industry, XLIFF specifies elements into the target language as quickly as puter that learned how to translate and attributes to aid in localization. possible while the source speaker is from vast amounts of translated text. XLIFF could be used to exchange speaking. Normally, in simultaneous translation management system data between companies, such as a interpreting between spoken languages, (TMS). Sometimes also known as a software publisher and a localiza- the interpreter sits at a microphone in a globalization management system, tion vendor, or between localization soundproof booth, usually with a clear a TMS automates localization work- tools, such as translation memory view of the speaker, listening through flow to reduce the time and money headphones to the incoming message employed by manpower. It typically systems and machine translation in the source language. The interpreter includes process management tech- systems. then relays the message in the target nology to automate the flow of work xml:tm (XML-based Text Mem- language into the microphone to who- and linguistic technology to aid the ory). A standard for XML to allow ease ever is listening. translator. of translation of XML documents.

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Associations 52 Conferences 52 Consulting Services 52 Language Project and our execution with sharing trans- lishing and Flash, video and HTML engineering. lation memory data and quality evaluation metrics. Global DTP Brno, Czech Republic, +420 603 574 709 Desktop Publishing 52 TAUS Amsterdam, Netherlands, 31-299-672028 Email: [email protected], Web: www.global-dtp.com Email: [email protected], Web: www.taus.net Enterprise Solutions 52

Localization Services 52 Enterprise Solutions

Nonprofit Organizations 55 ConferencesLocWorld-standard-logo.pdf 1 12/8/14 3:52 PM

Project Management 55 M

Y Terminology Mgmt 55 CM MY

CY Across Systems

Translation Mgmt Systems 55 CMY Multiple Platforms K Across Language Server is a market-leading software ranslation ervices uyers's Guide T S 55 LocWorld platform for all corporate language resources and LocWorld conferences are dedicated to the language translation processes. Within a very short time, the Translation Tools 57 and localization industries. Our constituents are the people responsible for communicating across the use of Across can increase the translation quality and B boundaries of language and culture in the global transparency, while reducing the workload and process marketplace. International product and marketing costs. The Across translation management software ssociations managers participate in LocWorld from all sectors and includes a translation memory, a terminology system, A all geographies to meet language service and technol- a powerful PM and workflow control tools. It allows ogy providers and to network with their peers. Hands- end-to-end processing for a seamless collaboration of on practitioners come to share their knowledge and clients, LSPs and translators. Open interfaces enable the experience and to learn from others. See our website direct integration of third-party solutions like CMS, for details on upcoming and past conferences. ERP or others. Customers include Allianz Versicher- Localization World, Ltd. Sandpoint, ID USA, 208-263-8178 ungs AG, HypoVereinsbank, SMA Solar Technology, European Language Industry Association Email: [email protected], Web: www.locworld.com ThyssenKrupp and hundreds of other leading compa- The European Language Industry Association (Elia) is Ad on page 59 nies. Languages All a nonprofit, pan-European forum of translation, local- Across Systems GmbH Karlsbad, Germany, 49-7248-925-425 ization and interpreting companies. With a clear mis- Email: [email protected] sion to promote and facilitate business development, Across Systems Inc. Glendale, CA USA, 877-922-7677 professional standards and the language industry as onsulting ervices Email: [email protected], Web: www.across.net a whole, Elia creates events and initiatives to support C S Ad on page 14 members from throughout Europe and beyond. Elia is a community of peers with an atmosphere that fosters open exchange and discussion. Share the enthusiasm! Be part of the Elia family and grow together. Elia, Doncaster, United Kingdom, +39 345 8307084 LocalizationGuy, LLC Email: [email protected], Web: www.elia-association.org LocalizationGuy, LLC, is a consultancy serving buyers and providers of language services. We help companies that

buy language services to identify and deploy optimal local- STAR Group ization solutions to fit their needs. We offer veteran exper- Multiple Platforms tise as our clients navigate the many personnel, process and STAR Group was founded in Switzerland 30 years technology decisions involved in running effective local- ago with the exclusive focus of facilitating cross- ization operations, whether in-house or through external cultural technical communications in all languages. localization vendors. LocalizationGuy also helps language The company has grown to be the largest privately Globalization and Localization Association service providers formulate business goals, develop and held multilingual information technology and ser- implement sound business strategies and launch strate- The Globalization and Localization Association is a fully vices company in the world with 46 offices in 31 gic marketing efforts. LocalizationGuy is led by a 20-year representative, nonprofit, international industry associa- countries. Its advanced technology developments localization industry veteran and former chairman of the have propelled STAR to its current market position. tion for the translation, internationalization, localization Globalization and Localization Association. and globalization industry. The association gives mem- Core services: information management, transla- bers a common forum to discuss issues, create innovative LocalizationGuy, LLC Minneapolis, MN USA, 1-612-986-3108 tion, localization, publishing, on-demand printing solutions, promote the industry and offer clients unique, Email: [email protected], Web: www.localizationguy.com and consulting. Core technologies: Transit (transla- collaborative value. tion memory), TermStar/WebTerm (terminology Globalization and Localization Association Andover, MA USA management), GRIPS (product information man- 206-494-4686, Email: [email protected] esktop ublishing agement), MindReader (context-sensitive authoring Web: www.elia-association.org D P assistance), STAR CLM (corporate language management), STAR CPM (corporate process manage-

ment), i-KNOW (competence management) and SPIDER (Interactive Electronic Technical Manual). Languages All STAR Group Ramsen, Switzerland, 41-52-742-9200 216-691-7827, Email: [email protected] Global DTP Web: www.star-group.net Ad on page 10 TAUS Global DTP s.r.o., based in the Czech Republic, offers TAUS is a resource center for the global language and professional multilingual desktop publishing and translation industries. Our mission is to increase the media engineering solutions to the localization indus- Localization Services size and significance of the translation industry to help try. For the past ten years, Global DTP has become the world communicate better. We envision trans- one of the leading DTP companies. We have been lation as a standard feature, a utility, similar to the delivering high-quality and cost-effective services internet, electricity and water. We support buyers and for at least eight of the top 20 LSPs and many other providers of language services and technologies with a companies/agencies. Given our extensive experience comprehensive suite of online services, software and in localization and knowledge of the prepress, media knowledge that help them to grow and innovate their and publishing industries, our team of 20 in-house ADAPT Localization Services businesses. We extend the reach and growth of the professionals handles more than 400 projects every ADAPT Localization Services offers the full range translation industry through our vision of the Human year. Our core services are multilingual desktop pub- of services that enables clients to be successful in

52 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected]

Buyer’s Guide

international markets, from documentation design customized solutions and subject matter expertise 15038 certified language and software company based through translation, linguistic and technical localization to fit almost any budget for most industry verticals. in Barcelona with branches and teams in Argentina, services, prepress and publication management. Serving Originally known as a supplier to suppliers, ECI has Mexico, Brazil, Bolivia and Guatemala. We have dedi- both Fortune 500 and small companies, ADAPT has quickly become one of the fastest growing language cated teams for web content, software localization gained a reputation for quality, reliability, technologi- service providers in the marketplace. Today, EC Inno- and translation of technical, business, automotive, cal competence and a commitment to customer service. vations has grown into 14 strategically located global biomedical and marketing documents. Our software Fields of specialization include diagnostic and medical offices with 300+ full-time employees offering full development engineers and translation teams pro- devices, IT/telecom and web content. With offices in Bonn, Germany; Stockholm, Sweden; and Barcelona, localization support into 60+ languages. EC Innova- vide high-quality and on-time production solutions Spain, and a number of certified partner companies, tions continues to build upon its reputation as a cus- that are cost-efficient, flexible and scalable. Languages ADAPT is well suited to help clients achieve their goals tomer-centric organization focused on high-quality Spanish (all variants), Portuguese (all variants), Cata- in any market. Languages More than 50 standards, technological creativity and value-added lan, Basque, Galician, Valencian, K’iche’, Quechua, ADAPT Localization Services Bonn, Germany, 49-228-98-22-60 services to accommodate any type of localization Aymara, Guarani Email: [email protected] program. Languages All iDISC Information Technologies Barcelona, Spain Web: www.adapt-localization.com EC Innovations, Inc. Wilmington, DE USA, 312-863-1966 34-93-778-73-00, Email: [email protected], Web: www.idisc.es Ad on page 37 Email: [email protected], Web: www.ecinnovations.com

New markets for your products and solutions Janus Worldwide Inc. Alliance Localization China (ALC) Janus is a leading provider of language solutions to ALC offers document, website and software translation EuroGreek Translations Limited the world’s most global companies. Our flexible, scal- and localization, desktop publishing and interpreter ser- Established in 1986, EuroGreek Translations Limited able and proven approach enables our team to deliver vices. We focus on English, German and other European is Europe’s number one Greek localizer, specializing services with top-quality results both on time and on languages to and from Chinese, Japanese, Korean and in technical and medical translations from English budget. Industries we serve include IT, telecom, life other Asian languages. We use TRADOS, CATALYST, into Greek and Greek into English. EuroGreek’s aim sciences, energy, financial and automotive. Some of SDLX, Transit, Wordfast, memoQ and other CAT tools, as well as DTP tools including CorelDRAW, FrameMaker, is to provide high-quality, turnkey solutions, encom- the services we offer are: functional and linguistic FreeHand, Illustrator, InDesign, PageMaker, Photoshop passing a whole range of client needs, from plain testing; software, website and multimedia localiza- and QuarkXPress. Our customer-oriented approach is translation to desktop/web publishing to localization tion; and technical, e-learning and marketing transla- supported by strong project management, a team of spe- development and testing. Over the years, EuroGreek’s tion. Our processes are backed by the ISO 9001:2008 cialists, a large knowledge base and advanced method- services have been extended to cover most subject and EN 15038:2006-05 quality certifications and our ologies. We always provide service beyond our customers’ areas, including German and French into Greek local- clients include Microsoft, IBM, Siemens and Volk- expectations at a low cost and with high quality, speed, ization services. All of EuroGreek’s work is produced swagen. We have nine offices in Asia, Europe and the dependability and flexibility. Languages Major Asian and in-house by a team of 25 highly qualified specialists US to facilitate communication globally. Languages 80 European languages and is fully guaranteed for quality and on-time deliv- and growing Alliance Localization China Beijing, P.R. China, 86-10-8368-2169 ery. Languages Greek Janus Worldwide Inc. Vienna, Austria, + 43-680-320-53-17 Email: [email protected] EuroGreek Translations Limited London, United Kingdom Las Vegas, NV USA, 855- 526-87-99 Web: www.allocalization.com Athens, Greece, 30-210-9605-244 E-mail: [email protected] Email: [email protected], Web: www.eurogreek.com Web: www.janusww.com Ad on page 49 Ad on page 48

Total Solutions for Your Business E4NET is a total localization solutions provider, specialized in Asian localization covering all major Asian languages (including Korean, Japanese, Simplified/Tra- Moravia ditional Chinese, Thai and Vietnamese) as well as all Moravia is a leading globalization solution provider, other regional tier 3 languages. We have 20+ years of GlobalWay Co., Ltd. enabling companies in the information technology, extensive and successful localization production experi- GlobalWay, a leading localization company in Ko- e-learning, life sciences, consumer electronics and ence with many major projects for customers such as rea, provides professional localization and globaliza- telecommunications industries to enter global markets with high-quality multilingual products. Mora- Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Oracle, Hewlett-Packard, tion services with exceptional quality and also offers via’s solutions include localization, product testing, LG Electronics, Panasonic, IKEA and more. E4NET a wide range of content and document management services including voiceover, testing and DTP. We multilingual publishing, technical translation, con- specializes in the fields of IT, but our service also cov- tent creation, machine translation and workflow con- ers other industries such as medical/health care, travel, have highly qualified in-house linguists who translate and review a variety of content with professional sulting. Adobe®, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle and Toshiba fashion, games, financial, governmental and automo- knowledge. Our experienced engineers and project are among some of the leading companies that de- tive. We continuously develop and apply innovative managers can help you to get exactly what you want. pend on Moravia for accurate, on-time and economi- leading-edge technology such as MT throughout our GlobalWay and its partners worldwide are ready cal localization. With global headquarters in Brno, production process, and also provide associated services to support your growing business and localization Czech Republic, Moravia has local offices in Europe, to maximize production/service efficiency. tasks. Feel free to contact us for more information. the United States, Japan, China and Latin America. Languages 60+ Languages Asian and European To learn more, please visit us at www.moravia.com. E4NET Co., Ltd. Seoul, Republic of Korea, 82(2)-3465-8500 GlobalWay Co. Ltd. Seoul, Republic of Korea, +82-2-3453-4924 Languages All Email: l10n@e4 net.net, Web: www.e4net.net Email: [email protected], Web: www.globalway.co.kr Moravia USA Newbury Park, CA USA, 805-262-0055 Email: [email protected], Web: www.moravia.com Europe 420-545-552-222, Email: [email protected] Ireland 353-1-709-9822, Email: [email protected] Asia 86-25-8689-6500, Email: [email protected] Japan 81-3-3354-3320, Email: [email protected] Precision Matters in Translation iDISC Information Technologies Argentina 54-341-481-2992, Email: [email protected] Ad on page 60 For over 17 years, EC Innovations has specialized in iDISC, established in 1987, is an ISO 9001 and EN www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 53

Buyer’s Guide

international institutions such as the EU (CdT, DGT, Euro- Thai, Vietnamese and European languages pean Parliament) and UNHCR. Language Greek TOIN Corporation ORCO S.A. Athens, Greece, +30-210-723-6001 Japan Tokyo, Japan, 81-3-5759-4353 Email: [email protected], Web: www.orco.gr Email: [email protected], Web: www.to-in.co.jp North America Minneapolis, MN USA, 1-612-986-3108

NZTC Pasifika Email: [email protected], Web: www.to-in.com NZTC Pasifika is a division of New Zealand-based Europe London, United Kingdom, 44-7890-290123 global language service provider NZTC Interna- Email: [email protected], Web: www.to-in.com tional and is dedicated to the languages of the China Shanghai, P.R. China, 86-21-3222-0012 Pacific Islands including Samoan, Tongan, Fijian, Email: [email protected], Web: www.to-in.com Cook Islands Māori, Tokelauan, Niuean, Kiribati and Tuvaluan. With three decades of experience, NZTC International offers foreign-language desktop pub- Localization and Globalization Partner lishing, software and website localization, interpret- Saltlux is a language service provider that specializes in ing services, subtitling and voiceovers, and is also a supplying Korean, Japanese, S-Chinese, T-Chinese and leading provider of translations for New Zealand’s other Asian languages. Our services encompass transla- Ushuaia Solutions indigenous Māori language. We offer other language tion, localization, DTP, MT post-editing, planning and Ushuaia Solutions is a fast-growing Latin American com- service providers and clients an unrivaled base of writing of technical manuals. We have extensive experi- pany providing solutions for translation, localization and target-market cultural and linguistic knowledge. ence in medical equipment and pharmaceutical products, globalization needs. Ushuaia Solutions is focused on be- Languages New Zealand Māori, Samoan, Tongan, Fi- cosmetic and cosmeceutical products, IT, software, electri- ing creative and proactive to meet tight time frames with jian, Cook Islands Māori, Tokelauan, Niuean, Kiribati cal, automotive and technical industry, and so on. With 36 a high level of quality and a cost-effective budget. Cus- and Tuvaluan years accumulated know-how, Saltlux will be your ideal tomizing its processes, Ushuaia assures project consis- NZTC International Wellington, New Zealand, +64 4 801 4814 global communication partner. To learn more, please visit tency and technical and linguistic accuracy, thus reducing Email: [email protected], Web: www.nztcpasifika.com www.saltlux.com. Languages Korean, Traditional and clients’ time-to-market. Ushuaia combines state-of-the-

Simplified Chinese, Japanese and other Asian languages, art technology with top-notch experienced native trans- European languages lators, editors and software engineers. Our mission is to Saltlux, Inc. Seoul, South Korea, 822-379-8444 work together with our clients, thereby creating a flexible, Email: [email protected], Web: www.saltlux.com reliable and open relationship for success. Languages Spanish (all varieties), Portuguese (Brazil) Ushuaia Solutions Rosario, Argentina, 54-341-4493064 Email: [email protected] Web: www.ushuaiasolutions.com Ad on page 28 Greek Localization Experts Since 1983 Founded in 1983, ORCO S.A. is a leading translation and TOIN Corporation localization provider, specializing in software localization TOIN has achieved a 50-year track record of excellence and technical translations (IT, telecommunication, medi- by, as our clients say, being consistently “present” to meet cal, automotive, engineering, marketing, financial, EU). their needs. TOIN offers a spectrum of translation, lo- ORCO deals primarily with English into Greek projects, al- calization and consulting solutions to Global 1000 com- though translation from several other European languages panies across a range of industries including automotive, Vistatec can be taken aboard. With its experienced in-house per- IT, telecommunications, life sciences, e-learning, soft- We have been helping some of the world’s most iconic sonnel, ORCO offers high-quality services, including local- ware, gaming, semiconductors and consumer products. brands to optimize their global commercial potential ization, product testing, engineering, DTP and more. Our TOIN provides exceptional strength in Asia as well as since 1997. Vistatec is one of the world's most innova- client list includes long-term collaborations with compa- a global reach, with offices in Japan, China, Korea, the tive, progressive and successful localization solutions nies such as Abbott, Canon, Cummins, Ford, General Elec- United States and the United Kingdom. Languages Japa - providers. Headquarted in Dublin, Ireland, with of- tric, Google, IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, Sony and important nese, Traditional and Simplified Chinese, Korean, Malay, fices in Mountain View, California, USA. Think Global. Languages All Vistatec Europe Dublin, Ireland, 353-1-416-8000 North America Mountain View, CA USA, 409-898-2364 Email: [email protected], Web: www.vistatec.com Ad on pages 16

WISE-CONCETTI (Vnlocalize) is the most renowned localization supplier in Southeast Asia. We don't just want to be the most reliable language service supplier but a professional company that provides our clients with real added value and the highest level of satisfaction. Why choose us for localization and translation services? More than 80 linguists in four offices: Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia; audited company with ISO 9001:2008 certification; full localization service: translation – engineering – testing. Languages Eight WISE-CONCETTI Hanoi, Vietnam, +84-4-2221-1927 Email: [email protected] Web: www.vnlocalize. com Ad on page 49

54 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Buyer’s Guide

and flexibility for professional language service a user-friendly and highly customizable web-based Project Management providers and translation departments. Using a collaboration platform for a company's clients, ven- web-based platform, Plunet integrates translation dors and managers. Available as SaaS or installed on- software, financial accounting and quality manage- premises, it streamlines all daily activities, supports ment systems. Various functions and extensions of project management, invoicing, quoting, ISO 9001 re- Plunet BusinessManager can be adapted to individual ports and CRM. With rich APIs, integrated with CAT needs within a configurable system. Basic functions tools and accountancy software it reduces administra- include quote, order and invoice management, com- tive costs and project overhead by automating work- Turnkey Language Solutions prehensive financial reports, flexible job and workflows and repetitive tasks. With a tool designed by Global Language Solutions (GLS) is a full-service flow management as well as deadline, document and translation and localization professionals supported by ISO 9001:2008 and EN 15038:2006 certified transla- customer relationship management. a great team of IT and business consultants, XTRF is tion and interpreting company delivering solutions Plunet GmbH Berlin, Germany, +49-(0)30-322-971-340 ready to become your technology partner. in over 100 languages. GLS provides turnkey proj- Email: [email protected], Web: www.plunet.com XTRF Kraków, Poland, 48-12-255-14-80 ect management, culturally and linguistically ac- Ad on page 34 Email: [email protected], Web: www.xtrf.eu curate document translations, website localization,

multilingual typesetting/graphic design, linguistic validation, conference interpreting and voiceovers. The company's clients include leaders in the medical ranslation ervices devices, pharmaceutical, health care, financial, legal, T S manufacturing, marketing and technology industries. GLS is a WBENC-certified Women's Business Enterprise (WBE) with offices in Asia, Europe, South America and the United States. Wordbee Translator Languages More than 100 Web-based Individual approach. Customized solutions. Global Language Solutions Irvine, CA USA, +1 949-798-1400 Wordbee is the leading choice for enterprises and lan- Email: [email protected], Web:www.globallanguages.com Ciklopea is an award-winning high-tech language guage service providers that need to save money and solutions partner with more than a decade of expe- make their company run more efficiently. Wordbee rience in technical, medical, pharmaceutical, legal, has the most complete feature set of any cloud solu- marketing, business and general translation and tion: project management, portal, business analytics, localization. With a network of regional production Terminology Management reporting, invoicing and a user-friendly translation offices and professionally trained, specialized and editor. Tasks such as project and workflow setup, highly experienced native translators and management job assignment, deadline calculation, multiple phase team, Ciklopea is the right choice for all translation kick-offs and cost management can all be automated and localization projects in SEE languages. Ciklopea is in the collaborative translation platform. Also, the certified in accordance with ISO 9001:2008, EN 15038 Beebox connects CMSs, DMSs or any propriety data- and ISO 27001:2013. base source with the TMS of the translation vendor Languages More than 25 languages Kaleidoscope or internal translation team. Languages All Ciklopea d.o.o. Zagreb and Rijeka, Croatia, and Belgrade, Serbia quickTerm manages the entire terminology life cycle. Wordbee Soleuvre, Luxembourg , +352 2877 1204, +1 503 287 0023 +385-1-3751736 If you would like to see your SDL MultiTerm termi- Email: [email protected], Web: www.wordbee.com Email: [email protected], Web: www.ciklopea.com nology used enterprise-wide, Kaleidoscope has the Ad on page 49 ideal add-on: quickTerm. With quickTerm, individuals do not need to be terminology-savvy power users or have their own Multi-Term license to quickly and easily access terminology. Users can simply search for terminology from within any application or via a web browser. This alone significantly raises the level of terminology adherence. Additionally, quickTerm XTM: Better Translation Technology enables enterprise-wide participation in terminol- Multiple Platforms ogy discovery, approval and revision processes, which XTM is a fully featured online CAT tool and translation Follow us on Twitter further ties in colleagues in the terminology process. management system available as a pay-as-you-go SaaS or Languages German, English for installation on your server. Built for collaboration and @MLConnect Kaleidoscope GmbH Maria Enzersdorf, Austria, 0043223643498-0 ease of use, XTM provides a complete, secure and scal- Email: [email protected], Web: www.kaleidoscope.at able translation solution. Implementation of XTM Cloud @multilingualmag Ad on page 17 is quick and easy, with no installation, hardware costs or maintenance required. Rapidly create new projects from all common file types using the templates provided and allocate your resources to the automated workflow. XTM enables you to share linguistic assets in real time between Translation translators. Discover XTM today. Sign up for a free 30- day trial at www.xtm-intl.com/trial. Management Systems Languages All Unicode languages XTM International Gerrards Cross, United Kingdom +44-1753-480-469 Email: [email protected], Web: www.xtm-intl.com Ad on page 9

Plunet BusinessManager Multiple Platforms Plunet develops and markets the business and workflow management software Plunet BusinessManager XTRF Translation Management Systems — one of the world’s leading management solutions for Multiple Platforms the translation and localization industry. Plunet Busi- XTRF provides a global management system for trans- nessManager provides a high degree of automation lation agencies and localization departments. It is www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 55 Buyer’s Guide

RR Donnelley Language Solutions RR Donnelley Language Solutions is a leading global When it comes to translation, we hear you LinguaLinx Language Solutions, Inc. provider of premier multilingual communication ser- Delivering results, solutions and resources to vendor LinguaLinx is a leading provider of global content and vices to the world’s top companies in the financial, managers, project managers, production managers, language translation to organizations around the world. legal, life sciences, institutional and corporate commu- directors and C-level executives of MLV language The content experts at LinguaLinx help manage and nications sectors. Thanks to our innovative translation service provider companies. On-time and on-budget. localize messaging to enhance efficiency and provide technology, including our market-leading translation Polish and other CEE languages. 25,000,000+ words consistency across all forms of communication. With management system, MultiTrans™, dedicated teams of translated and localized. 17,000+ projects completed. offices around the world, LinguaLinx provides organi- 5,000+ specialized linguists, ISO-certified quality stan- 25+ fields of expertise covered. 5+ types of content zations with localization solutions that fit their needs dards and a 24/7/365 global service platform, we are covered. 130+ LSP-MLV customers served. 200+ end- including: translation and interpretation, marketing able to tailor our solutions to meet the specific local- clients' content dealt with. 150 actively collaborating communications and website localization, translation ization and translation needs of our clients. RR Don- linguists. No more headaches, no more after hours. memory deployment, multilingual SEO, translation nelley's solutions can help reduce costs, drive top-line Ten years and counting. readiness assessment and global content management. growth, enhance ROI and increase compliance for our Unify your global organization with a customized con- CONTRAD Olsztyn, Poland, +48 89 614 11 00 customers. Languages All Email: [email protected], Web: www.contrad.com.pl tent intelligence strategy and ensure that your messages RR Donnelley Language Solutions, 24 offices worldwide Ad on page 41 resonate across borders. To learn more, visit lingualinx. New York, NY USA, +1-212-658-5081 com. Languages All Email: [email protected] LinguaLinx Language Solutions, Inc. Troy, NY USA, 518-388-9000 Web: www.rrdonnelley.com/languagesolutions Email: [email protected], Web: www.lingualinx.com

Diskusija – Translation and Localization Diskusija is a regional LSP specializing in the languages Lionbridge of the Baltic countries and Central, Eastern and South- Lionbridge enables more than 800 world-leading brands to increase international market share, speed adoption eastern European languages. Our core business is serv- Rheinschrift Language Services ing other LSPs. If you need translation into any of these of products and effectively engage their customers in local markets worldwide. We provide translation, online German. With linear precision, and between the lines. Rhe- languages, we are ready to help in whatever way suits marketing, global content management and application inschrift gives your business a native voice in the German- you best. Your goal to provide your customers with the testing solutions that ensure global brand consistency, speaking world. We offer more than 20 years of professional best services is our goal! We always try to be an extension local relevancy and technical usability across all touch experience providing translations and localizations for soft- of our client’s team in order to understand the require- points of the global customer life cycle. Using our in- ware and hardware manufacturers as well as for the sectors ments and the working style, to find the best solutions novative cloud technologies, global program man- of business, marketing, technology, legal matters and medi- together, and, in other words, to become real partners. agement expertise and our worldwide crowd of more cine/medical applications. Our services also range from If you are looking for a flexible, adaptable partner, we than 100,000 professional cloud workers, we provide glossaries, post-editing, project management and desktop are your choice. Languages Baltic, Central, Eastern and integrated solutions that enable clients to successfully publishing services to many other related services. Rely on Southeastern European languages market, sell and support their products and services in Rheinschrift to deliver the most competent translations and Diskusija Vilnius, Lithuania, 370-5-2790574, Fax: 370-5-2790576 global markets. Languages All Email: [email protected], Web: www.diskusija.lt meet your deadline, whatever it takes. Lionbridge Waltham, MA USA, 781-434-6000 Languages German to/from major European languages

Email: [email protected], Web: www.lionbridge.com Rheinschrift Übersetzungen, Ursula Steigerwald Ad on page 25 Cologne, Germany +49-(0)221-80-19-28-0, Email: [email protected] Web: www.rheinschrift.de Ad on page 19

Asianlization with HansemEUG With more than 180 trained in-house staff and EN15038 and ISO9001 certification, HansemEUG has become the largest LSP in Korea. Specialized in Ko- Medical Translations Only rean, Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, Thai, Malay, In- MediLingua is one of the few medical translation spe- SpanSource donesian, MEA and African languages, HansemEUG cialists in Europe. We only do medical. We provide all SpanSource provides translation, localization and re- provides a one-stop solution with a broad spectrum European languages and the major languages of Asia lated services from Western European languages into of language services including: HQAS (Hansem Qual- and Africa, as well as translation-related services to all regional varieties of Spanish as well as other lan- ity Audit Services) with a medical advisory board, manufacturers of devices, instruments, in vitro diag- guage combinations through our network of select expedited services with in-house DTP production, nostics and software; pharmaceutical and biotech- SLV partners. Our domain focus is on health care and MT engine optimization, data solution and system nology companies; medical publishers; national and life sciences, software and IT, heavy machinery and development, technical authoring and consulting ser- international medical organizations; and other custom- automotive, legal and financial, oil and gas, corporate vices for Chinese GB compliance. Our headquarters ers in the medical sector. Projects include the transla- training and educational materials. Our comprehensive and sales office are located in Korea and the UK, and tion of documentation for medical devices, surgical service portfolio also includes unparalleled desktop a language center is in Vietnam. Languages Korean, instruments, hospital equipment and medical software; publishing and multimedia localization engineering Japanese, Chinese, Vietnamese, Thai, Indonesian, Malay, medical information for patients, medical students and support for e-learning materials. Our in-house staff of Lao, Arabic, Farsi, Hebrew, Central Asian and African physicians; scientific articles; press releases; product 25 includes project managers, senior linguists, desktop HansemEUG, Inc. Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea launches; clinical trial documentation; medical news; publishers, software engineers and graphic designers, Korea: +82-(31)-226-5042, Email: [email protected] and articles from medical journals. which prove to be fundamental in SpanSource’s central- UK: 44-(20)-8644-8685, Email: [email protected] Languages 45, including all EU languages ized, customer-centric approach. Languages Focus on N. America: +1-(800)-532-4176, Email: [email protected] MediLingua Medical Translations BV Leiden, Netherlands Spanish and Portuguese, other language combinations Web: www.ezuserguide.com through partners Ad on page 39 +31-71-5680862, Email: [email protected] Web: www.medilingua.com SpanSource SRL Rosario, Argentina, 54-341-527-5233 Ad on page 49 Email: [email protected], Web: www.spansource.com

56 | MultiLingual January/February 2016 [email protected] Buyer’s Guide

Memsource TripleInk Multilingual Communications Memsource is an online platform that helps global com- Sandberg Translation Partners Ltd panies translate and manage translations, store translation With 20 years’ niche experience, Sandberg Translation As a multilingual communications agency, TripleInk has data securely and share it across the supply chain. Mem- Partners Ltd (STP) is one of the world’s largest and best- provided industrial and consumer products companies source includes translation memory, integrated machine established translation companies specializing in work with precise translation and multilingual production ser- translation, terminology management, quality assurance, into the Nordic languages and into English. Known for vices for audio-visual, online and print media since 1991. our reliability, service and linguistic quality, we trans- Our experience in adapting technical documentation and and a web-based as well as desktop translator's workbench. late more than 50 million words every year – mainly for marketing communication materials covers a wide range Memsource supports over 50,000 users in their everyday other translation companies. Our large teams of quali- of industries, including biomedical and health care; build- translation needs: language service providers, enterprise fied in-house translators and skilled project managers ing and construction; financial services; food and agricul- translation teams, translation buyers and freelancers. Cus- offer high levels of capacity, quality and customer ser- ture; high-tech and manufacturing; and hospitality and tomers translate more than 500 million words through vice. And our expertise in language technology allows leisure, as well as government and nonprofit organizations. Memsource every month. us to work with virtually all CAT tools and file formats. Using a total quality management process and state-of- Languages All Memsource a.s. Contact us today for a free project consultation. the-art software and equipment, our team of foreign lan- Languages Danish, English, Finnish, French, German, Prague, Czech Republic, +420 221 490 441 guage professionals delivers the highest quality translations Email:[email protected], Web: www.memsource.com Icelandic, Norwegian, Swedish in a cost-effective and time-efficient manner.

Sandberg Translation Partners Ltd Languages All major commercial languages Whiteley, United Kingdom +44-1489-660140 TripleInk Minneapolis, MN USA, 612-342-9800, 800-632-1388 Email:[email protected], Web: www.stptrans.com Email: [email protected], Web: www.tripleink.com Ad on page 12

Translation Tools SDL Language Solutions Windows SDL Language Solutions offers a unique language technology platform — from translation memory productivity Tetras translations tools for the individual translator to collaboration soft- Tetras is headquartered in Munich, operates in Europe ware for project managers, from translation management and America with five locations around the world and Kilgray Translation Technologies solutions for LSPs to cloud-based machine translation for has been a service provider in the technical translation, Windows corporate localization teams. You are not just investing in interpreting, localization, DTP and technical documen- Kilgray Translation Technologies is the world’s fast- a market-leading translation productivity tool when you tation sector since 1998. Today, Tetras works with trans- est growing provider of computer-assisted translation buy SDL Trados Studio, you are investing in a CAT tool lators, proofreaders, experts and academics from more tools. In 2005 the company launched the first version of that integrates with the full SDL language technology plat- than 40 countries around the world, employs internal memoQ, an integrated client-server translation environ- form including the new innovative Language Cloud. Find translators for many languages and has more than 1,500 ment designed to facilitate interoperability and teamwork. out more from www.translationzone.com. satisfied customers. Our translators have years of ex- All of Kilgray’s products — memoQ, the memoQ server, Languages All perience in the electrics, mechanics, hydraulics, pneu- memoQWebTrans, qTerm and Language Terminal — op- SDL Language Solutions matics, machine and computer software, physics and timize productivity and control of the entire translation Maidenhead, United Kingdom, +44-1628-417227 chemistry fields, as well as a wide range of knowledge of process and environment. Rated #1 by Common Sense Email:[email protected], Web: www.translationzone.com various technological processes. Our translation agency Advisory among translation-centric TMS systems, and Ad on page 2 specializes in technical translations in Eastern and West- used by thousands of translators, language service provid- ern European, Scandinavian and Asian languages. ers and enterprises throughout the world, memoQ and Languages More than 40 other Kilgray tools are accepted and appreciated as premier Tetras translations, Munich, Germany +49 89 716 7216 30 translation technologies. Languages All Find us on LinkedIn Email: [email protected], Web: www.tetras.de Kilgray Translation Technologies Béke sugárút, Hungary Ad on page 22 +36-30-383-9435, Email: [email protected], Web: www.kilgray.com www.linkedin.com/company/multilingual-computing

Advertiser Index Across Systems GmbH 14 Lionbridge 25 STAR Group 10 ADAPT Localization Services 37 Localization Care 54 Tetras translations 22 Ciklopea d.o.o. 49 Localization World, Ltd. 59 The Translation & Localization Conf. 29 Conference Rental 42 MediLingua Medical Translation BV 49 UNSW Arts & Social Sciences 31 CONTRAD 41 Moravia 60 Ushuaia Solutions 28 EuroGreek Translations Limited 49 MultiLingual Computing, Inc. 4, 51 Vistatec 16 HansemEUG, Inc. 39 Plunet GmbH 34 WISE-CONCETTI 49 Janus Worldwide Inc. 48 Rheinschrift Übersetzungen 19 XTM International 9 Kaleidoscope GmbH 17 Sandberg Translation Partners Ltd 12 Lilt Inc 13 SDL Language Solutions 2 www.multilingual.com January/February 2016 MultiLingual | 57 58 I | opportunity to work on-siteatsomeoftheworld’s mostfamous for thisserviceandourtranslators andcopywriters enjoyedthe cities across Asia. Thiswaspartofouruniquesellingpoint. provide on-site linguistsduringallhours ofthedayinseveral amount ofbusinessfrom thecompetitionbecausewecould cific forCLSCommunication, we were abletowinasignificant hours orweekendcoverage. When IwasactingasCEOAsiaPa- content orthatcandetectpotentialsecurityviolations? lation platformthatdoesn’tallowlinguiststocopyandpaste Can youprovide 24-hourservice?Doyouhave asecure trans- integrations withyourclient’s contentmanagementsystem? not alltheothers —cando? thought. Whatcanyourcompanydothatnoother—oratleast of youruniquesellingproposition. It’s agiven.Soofferitsome something thatotherserviceproviders can’tordon’tprovide. you are mistaken.True differentiation comesfrom providing cialists aslinguistsdifferentiates youfrom therest ofthepack, process alongwiththeuseofnativespeakers andindustryspe- sales pitch. include “competitive pricingandgreat service”aspartoftheir pressed —tofindalanguageserviceprovider (LSP)thatdidn’t business withusbecauseweprovide goodpricesandservice.” tion company. Aftersomethought,heresponded, “You shoulddo What I’mreally askingis,what’s youruniquesellingproposition? better yet,“Whatmakesyoudifferent from thecompetition?” MultiLingual January/February 2016 Takeaway Our clientsinthefinancesector were willingtoapaypremium Some sellingpointsare quitesimple,suchas extended office For example,doyouofferapplicationprogramming interface All LSPsprovide translation, so thatreally shouldn’tbepart Likewise, ifyouthinkyour“special”two-stepqualityassurance Well, guesswhat?You’d behard pressed —Imeanveryhard I recently askedthatquestiontoanexecutiveataglobaltransla- My questionisthis:“WhyshouldIdobusinesswithyou?”Or, prospective clients. dramatically increase yourchancesofsuccesswith it inaclear, conciseandmemorable manner, itwill for manypeopletoanswer. But,ifyoucananswer simple questiontoask,andsurprisinglydifficult it before, andI’msure youwillhearitagain.It’s a I haveaquestionforyou.I’msure you’veheard Mark Shriner unique sellingproposition The inside gameandyour

contribution [email protected]. To offeryour own Takeaway onalanguage-industryissue,send a industry. Mark Shrinerhasheldseniorexecutive positionsinthelocalization ent from thecompetition?” and memorable answertothequestion,“What makesyoudiffer- this andwanttoworkwithyou. siasm whenyouare introducing ittoprospects. People willsense is betterthanthecompetition,youwillhavemuchmore enthu- will beverydifficultforyoutosellit. sales efforts.Ifyoudon’tknoworbelieveinyourproduct, it and product beliefare thefoundations andpropellants forour having onewillmotivateyoutosellmore. Product knowledge the businessandgetsreferrals. will betheonewho,more oftenthannot,getsinvitedback,wins that mayarisealongtheway. Ifyouare theperson who does, you clients solveworkflow, ITandbudgetaryissues,orotherproblems have theknowledge,abilityandpatiencetohelpprospective you more ifyouhelpthemtosolveproblems. solutions! Your prospects andclientswillrespect andappreciate ization industry, thendon’tselllocalizationortranslation. Sell problems. strongest salespeopledon’tsellwords. Theysellsolutionsorsolve was onfindingasolutiontoproblem. Translation wasbarely evendiscussed.Thefocusofbothsides cesses thatwecouldprovide, includingreporting andinvoicing. tailored ourpresentation tohighlightalloftheautomatedpro- was theuseofmanualpaper-basedinvoicing.Inresponse, we challenges theyfacedwiththeirexistingtranslation vendor Japanese multinationalcorporation mentionedthatoneofthe to yourprospect’s needs.Forexample,ourcontactatalarge companies. Imean,theydefinitelyhadnicerofficesthanours! Well, what’s youranswer?M Thus, thepathtoincreased salesstartswitha clear, concise On theotherhand,ifyouclearlyunderstand howyourservice Another reason youneedauniquesellingproposition isthat Anybody cangetadocumenttranslated. Butveryfewpeople If youwanttobeatopperformingsalesperson inthelocal- Which bringsmetothefinalandultimatesellingpoint: You mayalsowanttoconsidertailoringyoursellingpoints [email protected] Discover Global Success In 2016.

Join us at LocWorld in 2016 for another record-breaking year. Gain the knowledge and make the connections to help you achieve success in global markets.

LocWorld30 LocWorld31 LocWorld32 Tokyo Dublin Montreal April 13-15, 2016 8-10 June 2016 October 26-28, 2016

The world’s #1 Localization Conference & Exhibition Series

Find out all you need to know at www.locworld.com

multilingual-locworld2016.indd 1 07/12/2015 10:00 “The future is already here — it’s just not evenly distributed.”

William Gibson

Ultralocalization will replace localization.

Millions of new consumers will come online and flex their purchasing power across Africa, Southeast Asia and South America. Even fluent speakers of dominant languages will come to expect content and products in their first language or dialect. Such ultralocalization will soon become a disruptive force in many industries, transforming what we now consider “long-tail languages” into mainstream targets for savvy global organizations.

Michael Stevens Growth Manager Moravia

Flexible thinking. Reliable delivery. moravia.com