THE US009790515B2ULTELLITTUR (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 Gunawardena et al. (45 ) Date of Patent: Oct . 17, 2017

(54 ) MUTATED ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE 2 5 ,565 , 350 A 10 / 1996 Kmiec 5 , 569 , 597 A 10 / 1996 Grimsley et al. (AOS2 ) GENES 5 ,593 ,874 A 1 / 1997 Brown et al. 5 ,604 , 121 A 2 / 1997 Hilder et al. @(71 ) Applicants :CIBUS US LLC , San Diego , CA (US ); 5 ,608 , 142 A 3 / 1997 Barton et al . CIBUS EUROPE B . V ., AD Kapelle 5 ,608 , 144 A 3 / 1997 Baden et al . (NL ) 5 ,608 , 149 A 3 / 1997 Barry et al. 5 ,659 , 026 A 8 / 1997 Baszczynski et al. @ 5 , 731 , 181 A 3 / 1998 Kmiec (72 ) Inventors : Uvini Gunawardena , San Diego , CA 5 , 756 , 325 A 5 / 1998 Kmiec (US ) ; Gregory F . W . Gocal, San Diego , 5 ,760 ,012 A 6 / 1998 Kmiec et al. CA (US ) ; Peter R . Beetham , Carlsbad , 5 ,780 , 296 A 7 / 1998 Holloman et al . CA (US ) ; Keith A . Walker, San Diego , 5 , 795 ,972 A 8 / 1998 Kmiec 5 ,871 , 984 A 2 / 1999 Kmiec CA (US ) 5 ,888 , 983 A 3 / 1999 Kmiec et al. 5 , 945 , 339 A 8 / 1999 Holloman et al. @( 73 ) Assignees : CIBUS US LLC , San Diego , CA (US ) ; 6 ,004 , 804 A 12 / 1999 Kumar et al. CIBUS EUROPE B . V . , AD Kappelle 6 ,010 , 907 A 1 / 2000 Kmiec et al . (NL ) 6 ,072 ,050 A 6 / 2000 Bowen et al. 6 ,177 , 611 B1 1 /2001 Rice @ 6 , 271 , 360 B1 8 / 2001 Metz et al. ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 6 , 479 , 292 B1 11 /2002 Metz et al. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 6 ,753 ,458 B1 6 / 2004 Filho et al. U . S . C . 154 ( b ) by 0 days . 7 , 060 , 500 B2 6 / 2006 Metz et al. (21 ) Appl. No. : 14 /776 ,647 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS ( 22 ) PCT Filed : Mar . 14 , 2014 EP 0629387 AL 12 / 1994 EP 0679657 A2 11/ 1995 WO 9849350 A1 11 / 1998 ( 86 ) PCT No .: PCT/ US2014 / 029434 WO 9907865 AL 2 / 1999 $ 371 (c )( 1 ), WO 9940789 AL 8 / 1999 Sep . 14 , 2015 WO 9943838 A19 / 1999 ( 2 ) Date : WO 9958702 A1 11 / 1999 (87 ) PCT Pub . No. : W02014 /153178 WO 9958723 A1 11/ 1999 PCT Pub . Date : Sep . 25 , 2014 (Continued ) (65 ) Prior Publication Data OTHER PUBLICATIONS Genbank Accession No . AAN37417 , Oct . 2 , 2007. * US 2016 /0145638 A1 May 26 , 2016 Genbank Accession No . AY135640 , Oct. 2, 2007. * Tawty .com Website , U . S . Varieties of Potato , 2009 . * Related U . S . Application Data Fawke et al , Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Sep . 2015 , vol. 79 , No. 3 , pp . 263 - 280 . * (60 ) Provisional application No . 61 /785 ,059 , filed on Mar. Pajerowska- Mukhtar et al, Planta , 2008 , vol. 228 , pp . 293 - 306 . * 14 , 2013 . Mandadi and Scholthof, The Plant Cell, May 2013 , vol. 25 , pp . 1489 - 1505 . * (51 ) Int. Ci. An et al. , Transformation of Tobacco , Tomato , Potato , and C12N 15 /82 ( 2006 . 01 ) Arabidopsis thaliana Using a Binary Ti Vector System . Plant C12N 9 /88 Physiol. May 1986 ;81 ( 1 ) : 301 - 305 . ( 2006 .01 ) Archer and Keegstra , Current Views on Chloroplast Protein Import (52 ) U . S . CI. and Hypotheses on the Origin of the Transport Mechanism . J CPC ...... C12N 15 /8279 (2013 .01 ) ; C12N 9/ 88 Bioenerg Biomembr. Dec . 1990 ; 22 (6 ): 789 - 810 . ( 2013 .01 ) ; C12N 15 /8282 ( 2013 .01 ) (58 ) Field of Classification Search ( Continued ) None See application file for complete search history . Primary Examiner - Eileen O Hara (74 ) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Acuity Law Group , P .C .; ( 56 ) References Cited Michael A . Whittaker U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS 4 , 945 , 050 A 7 / 1990 Sanford et al . (57 ) ABSTRACT 5 , 100 ,792 A 3 / 1992 Sanford et al. 5 , 204 , 253 A 4 / 1993 Sanford et al. Provided are compositions and methods relating to gene 5 , 268, 463 A 12 / 1993 Jefferson and /or protein mutations in plants . In certain embodiments , 5 , 302 ,523 A 4 / 1994 Coffee et al. the disclosure relates to mutations in the allene oxide 5 , 334 ,711 A 8 / 1994 Sproat et al. 5 , 380 ,831 A 1 / 1995 Adang et al . synthase 2 gene (i .e ., AOS2 ) . In some embodiments the 5 , 399 ,680 A 3 / 1995 Zhu et al . disclosure relates to plants that are pathogen resistant. 5 , 424 ,412 A 6 / 1995 Brown et al . 5 , 436 , 391 A 7 / 1995 Fujimoto et al. 5 , 466 ,785 A 11/ 1995 De Framond 17 Claims, 25 Drawing Sheets US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 Page 2

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Figure 1 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene , AOS2- 1 allele (StAOS2 - 1 ) (GB Accession ABD 15173 ) 1 MALTSSFSLP LPSLHQQFPS KYSTFRPIIV SLSEKPTIW TOPTKLPTRT IPGDYGLPGI 61 GPWKDRLDYF YNQGKDEFFE SRVVKYKSTI FRTNMPPGPF ISSNPKVIVL LDGKSFPVLF 121 DVSKVEKKDL FTGTYMPSTE LIGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEK LKKLMFFLLS SRRDHVIPKF 181 HETYTEFFET LDKEMAEKGT AGLNSGNDQA AFNFLARSLF GVNPVETKLG TDGPTLIGKW 241 VLLQLHPVLT LGLPKFLDDL ILHTFRLPPF LVKKDYQRLY DFFYTNSASL FAEAEKLGIS 301PPPP KEEACHNLLF ATCFNSFGGM KIFFPNMLKS IAKAGVEVHT RLANEIRSEV KSAGGKITMS 361 AMEKMPLMKS VYEALRVDP PVASQYGRAK QDLKIESHDA VFEVKKGEML FGYQPFATKD 421 PKIFDRPEEF VADRFVGEGE KLLKYVLWSN GPETESPTVG NKQCAGKDFV VMVSRLFVTE 481PPP FFLRYDTFNV DVGKSALGAS ITITSLKKA

Figure 2 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, AOS2 - 1 allele ( StAOS2 - 1 ) (GB Accession DQ369736 ) 1 ATGGCATTAA ??????c??? ???????cc? ???cc????? TTCACCAACA ATTICCATCA 61 AAATACTCCA CATTTCGTCC TATTATTGTT TCTTTATCGG AAAAGCCAAC AATCGTGGTA 121 ACCCAACCTA CAAAATTACC TACTAGGACA ATACCTGGCG ACTATGGGTT GCCGGGTATT . 181 GGTCCATGGA0 AAGATAGGCT TGATTACTTT TACAATCAAG GGAAAGACGA ATTTTTCGAA 241P TCAAGAGTAG TGAAATACAA ATCAACTATA TTCAGAACGA ACATGCCACC GGGACCATTC 301P ATTTCTTCTA ACCCGAAGGT TATTGTTTTG CTCGACGGCA AGAGTTTCCC AGTCCTTTTC 361P GATGTTTCGA AAGTCGAAAA AAAGGACCTC TTCACCGGAA CTTACATGCC GTCGACTGAA 421P CTCACCGGTG GTTACCGTGT TCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCAT CTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAA 481P TTGAAAAAAT TGATGTTCTT CCTTCTTTCT TCTCGTCGTG ATCACGTTAT ACCCAAATTC 541P CATGAAACTT ATACAGAGTT TTTTGAAACC CTAGATAAGG AAATGGCGGA AAAAGGTACA 601P GCTGGTTTAA ACTCCGGCAA TGATCAAGCT GCGTTTAATT TCTTAGCTAG ATCGTTGTTC 661 GGAGTTAACC CAGTTGAAAC TAAACTCGGA ACTGATGGTC CGACATTGAT CGGAAAATGG

? 721P GITTTGCTTC AGCTTCATCC TGTACTCACT CTCGGTCTTC CGAAGTTTCT AGACGACTTA 781P ATCCTCCATA CTTTCCGGTT ACCTCCGTTT CTGGTGAAGA AAGATTACCA GAGACTTTAC P GATTTCTTTT ACACCAACTC CGCCAGTTc A TTCGCCGAAG CTGAAAAACT CGGCATTTCA 901 AAAGAAGAAG CTTGTCATAA TCTTCTCTTC GCTACTTGCT TCAATTCCTT CGGCGGGATG 961 AAGATTTTCT TCCCGAATAT GCTGAAATCG ATAGCGAAAG CAGGGGTGGA GGTCCATACC 1021 CGTTTAGCAA ACGAGATCCG ATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCTG GCGGGAAGAT CACGATGTCG 1081 GCGATGGAGA AAATGCCGTT AATGAAATCA GTAGTTTATG AAGCTTTGCG AGTTGATCCT 1141 CCGGTAGCTT CACAATACGG AAGAGCCAAA CAGGACCTTA AGATCGAATC ACACGACGCC 1201 GTTTTCGAGG TGAAAAAAGG TGAAATGCTA TTCGGGTACC AACCATTTGC AACGAAGGAT 1261 CCGAAAATTT TTGACCGGCC GGAAGAGTTC GTCGCCGATC GGTTCGTCGG AGAAGGAGAA 1321 AAGTTATTGA AATATGTATT ATGGTCTAAT GGACCGGAAA CGGAAAGTCC AACAGTGGGG PPPPP1381 AATAAACAGT GTGCTGGCAA AGATTTTGTA GTGATGGTTT CGAGGTTATT CGTAACGGAG 1441 TTTTTTCTCC GTTACGATAC ATTCAACGTC GACGTTGGTA AGTCGGCGTT GGGGGCTTCA 1501 ATTACTATAA CTTCTTTGAA AAAAGCTTAG atent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 2 of 25 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2

Figure 3 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , AOS2 - 6 allele ( StAOS2- 6 ) (GB Accession ABD15174 ) 1 MALTSSFSLP LPSLHQQFPS KYSTFRPIIV SLSEKPTIW TQPTKFPTRT IPGDYGLPGI 61 GPWKDRLDYF YNQGKDEFFE SRVVKYKSTI FRTNMPPGPF ISSNPKVIVL LDGKSFPVLF 121 DVSKVEKKDL FTGTYMPSTE LIGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEK LKKLMFFLLS SRRDHVIPKF 181 HETYTEFFET LDKEMADKGT AGLNSGNDOA AFNFLARSLF GVNPVETKLG TDGPTLIGKW 241 VLLQLHPVLT LGLPKVLDDL ILHTFRLPPF LVKKDYQRLY DFFYTNSASL FAEAEKLGIS 301 KEEACHNLLF ATCFNSFGGM KIFFPNMLKS IAKAGVEVHT RLANEIRSEV KSAGGKMTMS 361 AMEKMPLMKS WYEALRVDP PVASQYGRAK QDLKIESHDA VFEVKKGEML FGYQPFATKD 421 PKIFDRPEEF VADRFVGEGE KLLKYVLWSN PETESPTVG NKQCAGKDFV VMVSRLFVTE 481 FFLRYDTFNV DVGKSALGAS ITITSLKKA Figure 4 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, AOS2- 6 allele (StAOS2 -6 ) (GB Accession DQ369737) 1 ATGGCATTAA c????????? ?????????? ???cc???? TTCACCAACA ATTICCATCA 61 AAATACTCCA CATTTCGTCC TATTATTGTT TCTTTATCGG AAAAGCCAAC AATCGTGGTA 121 ACCCAACCTA CAAAATTTCC TACTAGGACA ATACCTGGCG ACTATGGGTT GCCGGGTATT 181 GGTCCATGGA AAGATAGGCT TGATTACTTT TACAATCAAG GGAAAGACGA ATTTTTCGAA NP241 TCAAGAGTAG TGAAATACAA ATCAACTATA TTCAGAACGA ACATGCCACC GGGACCATTC 301 ATTTCTTCTA ACCCGAAGGT TATTGTTTTG CTCGACGGCA AGAGTTTCCC AGTCCTTTTC 361 GATGITTCGA AAGTCGAAAA AAAGGACCTC TTCACCGGAA CITACATGCC GTCGACTGAA 421 CTCACCGGTG GTTACCGTGT TCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCAT CTGAACCAAA CCATGAAAAA 481 TTGAAAAAAT TGATGTTCTT CCTTCTTTCT TCTCGTCGTG ATCACGTTAT ACCCAAATTC 541 CATGAAACTT ATACAGAGTT TTTTGAAACC CTAGATAAGG AAATGGCGGA TAAAGGTACA 601 GCTGGTTTAA ACTCCGGCAA TGATCAAGCT GCGTTTAATT TCTTAGCTAG ATCGTTGTTC 661 GGAGTTAACC CAGTTGAAAC TAAACTCGGA ACTGATGGTC CGACATTGAT CGGAAAATGG 721 GTTTTGCTTC AGCTTCATCC TGTACTCACT CTCGGTCTTC CGAAAGTTCT AGACGACTTA 781 ATCCTCCATA CITTCCGGTT ACC??CGTTT CTGGTGAAGA AAGATTACCA GAGACTITAC 841 GATTTCTTTT ACACCAACTC CGCCAGTTTA TTCGCCGAAG CTGAAAAACT CGGCATTTCA 901 AAAGAAGAAG CTTGTCATAA TCTTCTCTTC GCTACTTGCT TCAATTCCTT CGGCGGGATG 961 AAGATTTTCT TCCCGAATAT GCTGAAATCG ATAGCGAAAG CAGGAGTGGA GGTCCATACO 1021 CGTTTAGCAA ACGAGATCCG ATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCIG GCGGGAAGAT GACGATGTCG 1081 GCGATGGAGA AAATGCCGTT AATGAAATCA GTAGTTTATG AAGCGTTGCG AGTTGATCCT 1141 CCGGTAGCTT CACAATACGG AAGAGCCAAA CAGGACCTTA AGATCGAATC ACACGACGCC 1201 GTTTTCGAGG TGAAAAAAGG TGAAATGCTA TTCGGGTACC AACCATTTGC AACGAAGGAT 1261 CCGAAAATTT TTGACCGGCC GGAAGAGTTC GTCGCCGATC GGTTCGTCGG AGAAGGAGAA 1321 AAGTTATTGA AATATGTATT ATGGTCTAAT GGACCGGAAA CGGAAAGTCC AACAGTGGGG 1381 AATAAACAGT GTGCTGGCAA AGATTTTGTA GTGATGGTTT CGAGGTTATT CGTAACGGAG 1441 TTTTTTCTCC GTTACGATAC ATTCAACGTC GACGTTGGTA AGTCGGCGTT GGGGGCTICA 1501 ATTACTATAA CTTCTTTGAA AAAAGCTTAG atent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 3 of 25 US 9 ,790 ,515 B2

Figure 5 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene, AOS2 -7 allele ( StAOS2 -7 ) (GB Accession ABD15175 ) 1 MALTSSFSLP LPSLHQQFPS KYSTFRPIIA SLSEKPIIV TOPTKLPTRT MPGDYGLPGI 61 GPWKDRLDYF YNQGKNEFFE SRVVKYKSTI FRINMPPGPF ISSNPKVIVL LDGKSFPVLF 121 DVSKVEKKDL FTGTYMPSTE LTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEK LKKLMFFLLS SRRDHVIPKF 181 HETYTELFET LDKEMAEKGT AGLNSGNDQA AFNFLARSLF GVNPVEAKLG TDGPTLIGKW 241 VLLQLHPVLT LGLPKFLDDL ILHTFRLPPF LVKKDYQRLY DFFYTNSANL FVEAEKLGIS 301 KEEACHNLLF ATCFNSFGGM KIFFPNMMKS IAKAGVEVHT RLANEIRSEV KSAGGKITMS 361 AMEKMPLMKS VVYEALRVDP PVASOYGRAK ODLKIESHDA VFEVKKGEML FGYOPFATKD 421 PKIFDRPEEL VADRFVGEEG EKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPIV GNKQCAGKDF VVMVSRLFVV 481 EFFLRYDTFN VDVGTSALGA SITITSLKKA Figure 6 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , AOS2 - 7 allele ( StAOS2 - 7 ) (GB Accession DQ369738 ) 1 ATGGCATTAA CTTCATCTTT TTCTCTTCCT CTTCCTTCTC TTCACCAACA ATTTCCATCA 61 AAATACTCCA CATTTCGTCC TATTATTGCT TCGTTATCCG AAAAACCAAT AATCGTGGTA 121 ACCCAACCTA CAAAATTACC TACCAGGACA ATGCCCGGCG ACTATGGGTT ACCGGGTATT 181 GGTCCATGGA AAGATAGGCT TGATTACITT TACAATCAAG GCAAAAACGA ATTTTTCGAA 241 TCAAGAGTAG TGAAATACAA ATCAACTATA TTCAGAACGA ACATGCCACC GGGACCATTC 301 ATTTCTTCTA ACCCGAAGGT TATTGTTTTG CTCGACGGCA AGAGTTTCCC AGTCCTTTTC 361 GATGTTTCGA AAGTCGAAAA AAAGGACCTC TTCACTGGAA CTTACATGCC GTCGACTGAA 421 CTCACCGGTG GTTACCGTGT T????????T CTTGACCCAT CTGAACCAAA CCATGAAAAA 481 TTGAAAAAAT TGATGTTCTT CCTTCTTTCT TCTCGTCGTG ATCACGTTAT ACCCAAATTC 541 CATGAAACTT ATACAGAGTT GTTTGAAACC CTAGATAAGG AAATGGCGGA AAAAGGTACA 601 GCTGGTTTAA ACTCCGGCAA TGATCAAGCT GCGTTTAATT TCTTAGCTAG ATCGTTGTTC 661 GGAGTTAACC CAGTTGAAGC TAAACTCGGA ACTGATGGTC CGACATTGAT CGGAAAATGG 721 GTTTTGCTIC AGCTTCATCC TGTGCITACT CTCGGTCTTC CGAAGTTTCT AGACGACTTA 781 ??cc?????? ????ccGGTT ACCiccGTTT CTGGTGAAAA AAGATTACCA GAGACTTTAC 841 GATTICTTIT ACACCAATTC CGCCAATTTA ITCGTCGAAG CIGAAAAACT CGGCATTICT 901 AAAGAAGAAG CTTGTCATAA TCTTCTCTTC GCTACTTGCT TCAATTCCTT CGGCGGGATG 961 AAGATTTTCT TCCCGAATAT GATGAAATCG ATAGCGAAAG CAGGGGTGGA GGTCCATACC 1021 CGTTTAGCAA ACGAGATCCG ATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCCG GCGGGAAGAT CACGATGTCG 1081 GCGATGGAGA AAATGCCGTT AATGAAATCA GTAGTATATG AAGCTTTACG AGTTGATCCT 1141 CCGGTAGCTT CACAATACGG AAGAGCCAAA CAGGACCTTA AGATCGAATC ACACGACGCC 1201 GTTTTCGAGG TGAAAAAAGG TGAAATGCTA TTCGGGTACC AACCATTTGC AACGAAGGAT 1261 CCGAAAATTT TTGACCGACC GGAAGAGCTC GTCGCCGATC GGTTCGTCGG AGAAGAAGGA 1321 GAAAAGTTAT TGAAATATGT ATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGG AAACGGAAAG TCCGACAGTG 1381 GGGAATAAAC AGTGTGCTGG AAAAGATTTT GTAGTGATGG TTTCGAGGTT ATTCGTAGTG 1441 GAGTTTTTTC TCCGTTACGA TACATTCAAC GTCGACGTTG GTACGTCGGC GTTGGGGGCT 1501 ?????????? ????TI??IT GAAAAAAGCT TAG atent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 4 of 25 US 9 ,790 ,515 B2

Figure 7 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene , AOS2 - 8 allele ( StAOS2- 8 ) (GB Accession ABD15176 ) 1 MALTSFFSLP LPSLHQQFPS KYSTFRPIIV SLSEKPTIW TQPTKLPVRT IPGDYGLPGI 61 GPWKDRLDYF YNQGKNEFFE SRVVKYKSTI FRINMPPGPF ISSNPKVIVL LDGKSFPVLF 121 DVSKVEKKDL FTGTYMPSTE LTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEK LKKLMFFLLS SRRDHVIPKF 181 HETYTEFFET LDKEMAEKGK AGLNSGNDQA AFNFLARSLF GVNPVETKLG IDGPTLIGKW 241 VLLQLHPVLT LGLPKFLDDL ILHAFRLPPL LVKKDYQRLY DFFYTNSANL FVEAEKLGIS 301 KEEACHNLLF ATCFNSFGGM KIFFPNMMKS IAKAGVEVHT RLANE IRSEV KSAGGKITMS 361 AMEKMPLMKS WYEALRVDP PVASQYGRAK ODLKIESHDA VFEVKKGEML FGYQPFATKD 421 PKFFDRPEEF VADRFVGEEG EKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTV GNKQCAGKDF VVMVSRLFVT 481 EFFLRYDTEN VDVGTSALGA SITITSLKKA Figure 8 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , AOS2- 8 allele ( StAOS2- 8 ) (GB Accession DQ369739 ) 1 ATGGCTI??? ?????????? ???????cCT C??cc????? TTCACCAACA ATTICCATCA 61 AAATACTCTA CATTTCGTCC TATTATTGTT TCTTTGTCCG AAAAACCAAC AATCGTGGTA 121 KACCCAACCTA 0 CAAAATTACC TGTCAGGACA ATACCCGGCG ACTATGGGTT GCCGGGTATT 181 GGTCCATGGA AAGATAGGCT TGATTACTTT TACAATCAAG GCAAAAACGA ATTTTTCGAA 241HP TCAAGAGTAG TGAAATACAA ATCAACTATA TTCAGAACTA ACATGCCACC GGGACCATTC 301 ATTTCTTCTA ACCCGAAGGT TATTGTTTTG CTCGACGGCA AGAGTTTCCC AGTCCTTTTC 361 GATGTTTCGA AAGTCGAAAA AAAGGACCTC TTCACCGGAA CTTACATGCC GTCGACTGAA 421 CTCACCGGTG GTTATCGTGT TCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCAT CTGAACCAAA CCATGAAAAA 481 TTGAAAAAATKHHK TGATGTTCTT CCTTCTTTCT TCTCGTCGTG ATCACGTTAT ACCCAAATTC 541PHP CATGAAACTT ATACAGAGTT TTTTGAAACC CTAGATAAGG AAATGGCGGA AAAAGGTAAA 601 GCTGGTTTAA ACTCTGGCAA TGATCAAGCT GCGTTTAATT TCTTAGCTAG ATCGTTGTTC 661 GGAGTTAACC CAGTTGAAAC TAAACTCGGA ATTGATGGTC CGACATTGAT CGGAAAATGG 721 GTTTTGCTTC AGCTTCATCC TGTACTCACT CTCGGTCTTC CGAAGTTTCT AGATGACTTA 781 ATCCTCCATG CITTCCGGIT ACCTCCGCTT CTGGTGAAGA AAGATTACCA GAGACTTTAC 841 GATTTCTTTI ACACCAACTC CGCCAATTTA TTCGTCGAAG CTGAAAAACT CGGCATTTCT 901 AAAGAAGAAG CTTGTCATAA TCTTCTCTTC GCTACTTGCT TCAATTCCTT CGGCGGGATG 961 AAGATTTTCI TCCCGAATAT GATGAAATCG ATAGCGAAAG CAGGGGTGGA GGTCCATACC 1021 CGTTTAGCAA ACGAGATCCG ATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCCG GCGGGAAGAT CACGATGTCG 1081 GCGATGGAGA AAATGCCGCT AATGAAATCA GTAGTATATG AAGCTTTACG AGTTGATCCT 1141 CCGGTAGCTT CACAATACGG AAGAGCCAAA CAGGACCTTA AGATCGAATC ACACGACGCC 1201 GITTTCGAGG TGAAAAAAGG TGAAATGCTA TTCGGGTACC AACCATTTGC AACGAAGGAT 1261 CCGAAATTTT TTGACCGGCC GGAAGAGTTC GTCGCCGATC GGTTCGTCGG AGAAGAAGGA 1321?? GAAAAGTTAT TGAAATACGT ATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGG AAACGGAAAG TCCGACAGTG 1381 GGGAATAAAC AGTGTGCTGG AAAAGATTTT GTAGTGATGG TTTCGAGGTT ATTCGTAACG 1441 GAGTTTTTTC TCCGTTACGA TACATTCAAT GTCGACGTTG GTACGTCGGC ATTGGGGGCT 1501 TCAATTACTA TAACTTCTTT GAAAAAAGCT TAA U . S . Patent Oct. 17, 2017 Sheet 5 of 25 US 9 ,790 ,515 B2

Figure 9 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , AOS2 - 12 allele ( StAOS2 - 12 ) (GB Accession ABD15172 ) 1 MALTSFFSLP LPSLHQQFPS KYSTFRPIIV SLSEKPTIVV TOPTKLPTRT IPGDYGLPGI 61 GPWKDRLDYF YNQGKNEFFE SRVVKYKSTI FRTNMPPGPF ISSNPKVIVL LDGKSFPVLF 121 DVSKVEKKDL FTGTYMPSTE LTGGFRVLSY LDPSEPNHEK LKKLMFFLLS SRRDHVIPKF 181 HETYTEFFET LDKEMAEKGK AGLNSGNDQA AFNFLARSLF GVNPVETKLG GDGPTLIGKW 241 VLLQLHPVLT LGLPKFLDDL ILHTFRLPPF LVKKDYQRLY DFFYTNSANL FVEAEKLGIS 301 KEEACHNLLF ATCFNSFGGM KIFFPNMMKS IAKAGVEVHT RLANEIRSEV KSAGGKITMS 361 AMEKMPLMKS VYEALRVDP PVASQYGRAK QDLTIESHDA VFEVKKGEML FGYQPFATKD 421 PKIFDRPEEF VADRFVGEEG EKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTV GNKQCAGKDF VVMVSRLFVT 481 EFFLRYDTFN VDVGTSALGA SITITSLKKA

Figure 10 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , AOS2- 12 allele ( StAOS2 - 12 ) (GB Accession DQ369735 ) 1 ATGGC????? ?????????? ???????cc? ??TCCTICTC TTCACCAACA ATTTCCATCA 61 AAATACTCTA CATTTCGTCC TATTATTGTT TCTTTGTCCG AAAAACCAAC AATCGTGGTA ?121 ACCCAACCTA CAAAATTACC TACCAGGACA ATACCCGGCG ACTATGGGTT GCCGGGTATT ?181 ?? GGTCCATGGA AAGATAGGCT TGATTACTTT TACAATCAAG GCAAAAACGA ATTTTTCGAA 241? TCAAGAGTAG TGAAATACAA ATCAACTATA TTCAGAACGA ACATGCCACC GGGACCATTC ?301 ATTTCTTCTA ACCCGAAGGT TATTGTTTTG CTCGACGGCA AGAGTTTCCC AGTCCTTTTC ?361 GATGTTTCGA AAGTCGAAAA AAAGGACCTC TTCACCGGAA CTTACATGCC GTCGAC TGAA ?421 N P CTCACCGGTG GTTTCCGTGT TCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCAT CTGAACCAAA CCATGAAAAA 48100 P TTGAAAAAAT TGATGTICTT ccTTCTTTCT Tc?cGccGTG ATCACGTT?T ACCCAAATIC 541??? CATGAAACTT ATACAGAGTT TTTTGAAACC CTAGATAAGG AAATGGCGGA AAAAGGTAAA 601OO GCTGGTTTAA ACTCCGGCAA TGATCAAGCT GCGTTTAATT TCTTAGCTAG ATCGTTGTTC 661 GGAGTTAACC CAGTTGAAAC TAAACTCGGA GGTGATGGTC CGACATTGAT CGGAAAATGG 721 GTGTTGCTTC AGCTTCATCC TGTGCTTACT CTCGGTCTTC CGAAGTTTCT AGATGACTTA 781 ATCCTCCATA CTTTCCGGTT ACCTCCGTTT CTGGTGAAGA AAGATTACCA??? GAGACTTTAC 841 GATTTCTTTT ACACCAACTC CGCCAATTTA TTCGTCGAAG CTGAAAAACT CGGCATTTCA 901 AAAGAAGAAG CTTGTCATAA TCTTCTCTTC GCTACTTGCT TCAATTCCTT CGGCGGGATG 961 AAGATTTTCT TCCCGAATAT GATGAAATCG ATAGCGAAAG CAGGGGTGGA GGTCCATACC 1021 CGTTTAGCAA ACGAGATCCG ATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCCG GCGGGAAGAT CACGATGTCG 1081 GCGATGGAGA0 AAATGCCGTT AATGAAATCA GTAGTATATG AAGCTTTACG AGTTGATCCT 1141 0CCGGTAGCTT CACAATACGG AAGAGCCAAA CAGGACCTTA CGATCGAATC ACACGACGCC 1201 GTTTTCGAGG0 TGAAAAAAGG TGAAATGCTA TTCGGGTACC AACCATTTGC AACGAAGGAT 1261 CCGAAAATTT TTGACCGGCC GGAAGAGTTC GTCGCCGATC GGTTCGTCGG AGAAGAAGGA 1321 GAAAAGTTAT TGAAATACGT ATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGG AAACGGAAAG TCCGACAGTG 1381 GGGAATAAAC AGTGTGCTGG AAAAGATTTT GTAGTGATGG TITCGAGGTT ATTCGTAACG 1441 GAGTTTTTTC TCCGTTACGA TACATTCAAC GTCGACGTTG GTACGTCGGC GTTGGGGGCT 1501 TCAATTACTA TAACTTCTTT GAAAAAAGCT TAA atent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 6 of 25 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2

Figure 11: Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB1 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNOGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGGDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAME KMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKODLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA Figure 12 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2_ CB 1 ATGGCATTAACTTCATCTTTTTCTCTTCCTCTTCCTTCTCTTCACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACTCTACATTT CGTCCTATTATCGTTTTTTATccGAAAAACCAACAATcGT GGTAAC?CAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTO ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTCATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC H GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTATATGCCGTCGAC TGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTG G H T TTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCTTCCCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAGGTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTGCTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTCTCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCCGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCTATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTATATGAAGCT TTGCGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT TCAATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 13 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2 _ CB2 MALTSSFSLPLRSLHOOFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTOPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNOGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRINMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGGDGPTLIGKWVLLOLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYORLYDFFYTNSANLFVEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMMKSIAKAGVDLHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKODLKIESHDAVFEVKKCEMLFGYQPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKOCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA atent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 7 of 25 US 9 ,790 ,515 B2

Figure 14 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , SIAOS2 _ CB2 ATGGCATTAACTTCATCTTTTTCTCTTCCTCTTCGTTCTCTTCACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACTCCACATTT CGTCCTATTATTGTTTCTTTATCGGAAAAGCCAACAATCGT GGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTCATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTATATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCTTCCCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAATCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAGGTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTGCTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAATTTATTCGTCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCT AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTCTCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGATGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGATCTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCCGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAATGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT ????????????????cTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 15 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB3 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTOPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNOGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGGDGPTLIGKWVLLOLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYORLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMMKSIAKAGVDLHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAME KMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKODLKIESHDAVFEVKKCEMLFGYQPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA atent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 8 of 25 US 9 ,790 ,515 B2

Figure 16 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB3 ATGGCATTAACTI??T???????????cc????cc???????CACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACTICTACATTT CGTccTATTATCGTTTc?????ccGAAAAACCAACAATCGTGGTAAC?CAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTCATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACITATATGCCGTCGACIGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCITICITAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCTTCCCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAGGTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTGCTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTCTCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGATGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGATCTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCCGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAATGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT TCAATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 17 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB4 MALTSSFSLPLRSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDOAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGGDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKODLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA atent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 9 of 25 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2

Figure 18 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB4 ATGGCATTAACTTCATCTTTTTCTCTTCCTCTTCGTTCTCTTCACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACTCCACATTT CGTCCTATTATTGTTTCTTTATCGGAAAAGCCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGGACA ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTCATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTATATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCTTCCCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAGGTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTGCTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA AAAGAAGAAGCTIGICATAATCTICTc??cGCTACTIGCTICAATTcc??cGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTc??cccG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCCGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCTATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTATATGAAGCT TTGCGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT TCAATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 19 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB5 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK NEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGGDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLIFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKODLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYOPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 10 of 25 US 9 , 790, 515 B2

Figure 20 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2 _ CB5 ATGGCATTAACTICATCTTTTTCI??ICCTCTICCTICTCTICACCAACAATTICCATCAAAATACTCTACATIT CGTCCTATTATCGTTTCTTTATCCGAAAAACCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGGACA ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAGGGCAAA AACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTAAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCCTCCCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAGGTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTGCTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGITTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA AAAGAAGAAGCTIGTCATAATCT??????cGCTACTIGCTICAATICCTIcGGGGGGATGAAGATTITCITcccG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCTGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTICACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT ??????????????????TTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 21 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2_ CB6 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK NEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDP SEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGGDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLIFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKODLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVDKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 11 of 25 US 9 ,790 ,515 B2

Figure 22 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 ( AUS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB6 ATGGCATTAACTI??T???????????cc????cc??c????????????????cCATCAAAATACTc??????? CGTCCTATTATCGTTTCTTTATCCGAAAAACCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGGACA ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAGGGCAAA AACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTAAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCCTCCCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAGGTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTGCTCACT ??cGGTCTICCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTITCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTATCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCTGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCGHU AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACAITCAACGTCGACGTTGATAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT TCAATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 23 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2 _ CB7 MALTSSESLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK NEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPNVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGTDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLIFATCFNSFGGLKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASD??????? GRAKODLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYOPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKOCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVDKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 12 of 25 US 9 , 790, 515 B2

Figure 24 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB7 ATGGCATTAACTTCATCTTTTTCTCTTCCTCTTCCTTCTCTTCACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACTCTACATTT CGTCCTATTATCGTTTCTTTATCCGAAAAACCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGCAAA AACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAATGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGATCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCTTCTCGACGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTCGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAACTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTACTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTATCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGTTGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCTGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC TCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCA ACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTT ? ? CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGATAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT ??????????????TI??ITGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 25 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2 _ CB8 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRINMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGTDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYORLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAME KMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASOYGRAKODLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYOPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEGEKLLKYVLWSN GPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 13 of 25 US 9 , 790, 515 B2

Figure 26 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB8 ATGGCATTAACTTCATCTTTTTCTCTTCCTCTTCCTTCTCTTCACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACTCTACATTT cGTccTATTATCGTITCTTTATccGAAAAACCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGCAAA AACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAATGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGATCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCTTCTCGACGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTCGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAACTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTACTCACT CTTGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTICAHHHKG AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTATCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCTGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAATTTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT TCAATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 27 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2 _ CB9 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTOPTKLPIRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNOGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGTDGPILIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMVKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAME KMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKQDLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKFFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA atent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 14 of 25 US 9 ,790 ,515 B2

Figure 28 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB9 ATGGCATTAACTTCATCTTTTTCTCTTCCTCTTCCTTCTCTTCACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACTCCACATTT CGTCCTATTATTGTTTc?????ccGAAAAACCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTATCAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCCTCCCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAACTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTACTCACT ??cGGTCTICCGAAGTITCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGT TACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGITTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCT AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTCTCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGGTGAAATCGATAGCAAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCCGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCAGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAATTTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT TCAATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 29 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB10 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK NEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMP PGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDOAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGGDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKODLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEGEKLLKYVLWSN GPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 15 of 25 US 9 , 790, 515 B2

Figure 30 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB 10 ATGGCATTAACTTCATCTTTTTCTCTTCCTCTTCCTTCTCTTCACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACTCTACATTT CGTCCTATTATCGTTI??ITATCCGAAAAACCAACAATCGIGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAGGGCAAA AACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTAAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCCTCCCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAGGTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTGCTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACITTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTICTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATC???????cGCTACTIG????????cc??cGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCTGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCTAAT GGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCAACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCGAGG TTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCTICA ATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 31 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2 _ CB11 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK NEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGTDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKODLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEGEKLLKYVLWSN GPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVDKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 16 of 25 US 9 , 790, 515 B2

Figure 32 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2 _ CB11 ATGGCATTAACTTCATCTTTTTCTCTTCCTCTTCCTTCTCTTCACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACTCTACATTT CGTCCTATTATcGTTI??ITATCCGAAAAACCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAGGGCAAA AACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTAAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCTTCTCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAACTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTACTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGATHH TACCAGAGACTTTACGATITCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGITTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTICA AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTCTCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCTGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTITATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCTAAT GGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCAACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCGAGG TTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGATAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCTTCA ATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 33 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2 _ CB12 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGTDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMVKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAME KMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKQDLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKFFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 17 of 25 US 9 , 790, 515 B2

Figure 34 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB12 ATGGCATTAACTICATc??????????cc?????????????CACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACT???????? CGTCCTATTATTGTTTTTTTATCGGAAAAGCCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACTAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGAC TGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT ?TTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTT???cc?????I??ICTCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAAC TGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTACTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGITTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTCTCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGGTGAAATCGATAGCAAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCCGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTITATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCAGTAGCTICACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAATTTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT ??????????????TI?TTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 35 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB13 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGTDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPLVASQYGRAKQDLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEGEKLLKYVLWSN GPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 18 of 25 US 9 , 790, 515 B2

Figure 36 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB 13 ATGGCATTAACTTCATCTTTTTCTCTTCCTCTTCCTTCTCTTCACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACTCCACATTT CGTCCTATTATTGTTTTTTTATCGGAAAAGCCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACTAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCTTCTCGTCGTGATCAT GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAACTGATGGTCCAACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTACTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGITTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCAU AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTCTCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCTGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCTGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCTAAT GGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCAACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCGAGG TTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCTTCA ATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 37 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2_ CB14 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTOPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGTDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAME KMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKQDLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEGEKLLKYVLWSN GPETESPTVGNKOCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 19 of 25 US 9 , 790, 515 B2

Figure 38 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB14

ATGGCATTAACTI??T??????????????????????????CACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACT???????? cGTccTATTATTGTTTcTTTATCGGAAAAGCCAACAATCGTGGTAAC?CAACCTACAAAATTACCTACTAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCTTCTCGTCGTGATCAT GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAACTGATGGTCCAACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTACTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTCTCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCTGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTITATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTICACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCTAAT GGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCAACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCGAGG TTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCTTCA ATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 39 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB15 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGTDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKQDLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKQCASKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 20 of 25 US 9 , 790, 515 B2

Figure 40 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2 _ CB15 ATGGCATTAACTI??T???????????cc????cCTICTCTICACCAACAATTTccATCAAAATA?????????? CGTCCTATTATTGTITCTTTATCGGAAAAACCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGGACA ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGATGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCTTCTCGACGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAACTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTACTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA AAAGAAGAAGCTTGICATAATc?????TTCGCTACTIGCTICAATTCCITCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTc??cccG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCTGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTAGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT ??????????????????TTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 41: Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2 _ CB 16 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGTDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKQDLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 21 of 25 US 9 , 790, 515 B2

Figure 42 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2 _ CB16 ATGGCATTAACTI??T??????c????cc?????????????CACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACT???????? cGTCCTATTATTGTTT??????cGGAAAAACCAACAATcGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGATGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCTTCTCGACGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAACTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTACTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTCTCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCTGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCCHN GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT TCAATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 43 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2_ CB17 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTOPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK NEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGGDGPTLIGKWVLLOLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYORLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLIFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKQDLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKIF DRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKOCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTENVDVDKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 22 of 25 US 9 ,790 ,515 B2

Figure 44: Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2_ CB17 ATGGCATTAACTTCATCTTTTTCTCTTCCTCTTCCTTCTCTTCACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACTCTACATTT CGTCCTATTATCGTITCTTTATccGAAAAACCAACAATCGTGGTAAC?CAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGG??? ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCITGATTACITITACAATCAGGGCAAA AACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTAAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGAC TGAACTCA c G G T GGTTACCGT ?????????? CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCCTCCCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAGGTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTICAGCTTCATCCTGTGCTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA an TGTCATAATCTTATCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCOGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCC AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCTGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGA CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGATAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT TCAATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 45 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allenc oxidase synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2_ CB 18 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTOPTKLPTRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFELLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGGDGPTLIGKWVLLOLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYORLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMLKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKODLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYOPFATKDPKIFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKOCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 23 of 25 US 9 ,790 ,515 B2

Figure 46 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2_ CB 18 ATGGCATTAACTI??T??????????????????????????CACCAACAATTTCCATCAAAATACT???????? CGTCCTATTATCGTTTCTTTATCCGAAAAACCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTACCAGGACA ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTCATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTATATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCTTCCCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAGGTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTGCTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCA AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTCTCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGCTGAAATCGATAGCGAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCCGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCTATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTATATGAAGCT TTGCGAGTTGATCCTCCGGTAGCTICACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAAATTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT TCAATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 47 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2_ CB19 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPIRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDGKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGTDGPTLIGKWVLLQLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMVKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKQDLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKFFDRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA atent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 24 of 25 US 9 ,790 ,515 B2

Figure 48 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2 _ CB 19 ATGGCATTAACTI??T???????????cc????cc??cTCTICACCAACAATTTcCATCAAAATACTcCACATTT CGTCCTATTATTGTTTCTTTATCCGAAAAACCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTATCAGGACA ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATTCAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGGCAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT CTTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGTTCTTCCTTCTTTCCTCCCGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACTTATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAACTGATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTTCAGCTTCATCCTGTACTCACT ??cGGTCTICCGAAGTTTCTAGACG???????cCTCCATACTITCCGGTTACCIccGTTICTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGTTTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCT AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTCTCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG

AATATGGTGAAATCGATAGCAAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTAD AAATCCGCCGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCAGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAATTTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT TCAATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG Figure 49 : Amino Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene, StAOS2_ CB20 MALTSSFSLPLPSLHQQFPSKYSTFRPIIVSLSEKPTIVVTQPTKLPIRTIPGDYGLPGIGPWKDRLDYFYNQGK DEFFESRVVKYKSTIFRTNMPPGPFISSNPKVIVLLDDKSFPVLFDVSKVEKKDLFTGTYMPSTELTGGYRVLSY LDPSEPNHEKLKKLMFFLLSSRRDHVIPKFHETYTEFFETLDKEMAEKGTAGLNSGNDQAAFNFLARSLFGVNPV ETKLGTDGPTLIGKWVLLOLHPVLTLGLPKFLDDLILHTFRLPPFLVKKDYQRLYDFFYTNSASLFAEAEKLGIS KEEACHNLLFATCFNSFGGMKIFFPNMVKSIAKAGVEVHTRLANEIRSEVKSAGGKITMSAMEKMPLMKSVVYEA LRVDPPVASQYGRAKQDLKIESHDAVFEVKKGEMLFGYQPFATKDPKFF DRPEEFVADRFVGEEGEKLLKYVLWS NGPETESPTVGNKQCAGKDFVVMVSRLFVTEFFLRYDTFNVDVGKSALGASITITSLKKA U . S . Patent Oct. 17 , 2017 Sheet 25 of 25 US 9 , 790, 515 B2

Figure 50 : Nucleic Acid Sequence of Solanum tuberosum allene oxidase synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene , StAOS2_ CB20 ATGGCATTAACTI??T?????????????????cCTICTCTICACCAACAATTIcCATCAAAATACT???????? CGTCCTATTATTGTTTCTTTATCCGAAAAACCAACAATCGTGGTAACCCAACCTACAAAATTACCTATCAGGACA ATACCCGGCGACTATGGGTTGCCGGGTATTGGTCCATGGAAAGATAGGCTTGATTACTTTTACAATCAAGGGAAA GACGAATTTTTCGAATCAAGAGTAGTGAAATACAAATCAACTATATICAGAACGAACATGCCACCGGGACCATTC ATTTCTTCTAACCCGAAGGTTATTGTTTTGCTCGACGACAAGAGTTTCCCAGTCCTTTTCGATGTTTCGAAAGTC GAAAAAAAGGACCTCTTCACCGGAACTTACATGCCGTCGACTGAACTCACCGGTGGTTACCGTGTTCTTTCTTAT ?TTGACCCATCTGAACCAAACCATGAAAAATTGAAAAAATTGATGT????????????cc??ccGTCGTGATCAC GTTATACCCAAATTCCATGAAACITATACAGAGTTTTTTGAAACCCTAGATAAGGAAATGGCGGAAAAAGGTACA GCTGGTTTAAACTCCGGCAATGATCAAGCTGCGTTTAATTTCTTAGCTAGATCGTTGTTCGGAGTTAACCCAGTT GAAACTAAACTCGGAACTUATGGTCCGACATTGATCGGAAAATGGGTTTTGCTICAGCTTCATCCTGTACTCACT CTCGGTCTTCCGAAGTTTCTAGACGACTTAATCCTCCATACTTTCCGGTTACCTCCGTTTCTGGTGAAGAAAGAT TACCAGAGACTTTACGATTTCTTTTACACCAACTCCGCCAGITTATTCGCCGAAGCTGAAAAACTCGGCATTTCT AAAGAAGAAGCTTGTCATAATCTTCTCTTCGCTACTTGCTTCAATTCCTTCGGCGGGATGAAGATTTTCTTCCCG AATATGGTGAAATCGATAGCAAAAGCAGGGGTGGAGGTCCATACCCGTTTAGCAAACGAGATCCGATCGGAAGTA AAATCCGCCGGCGGGAAGATCACGATGTCGGCGATGGAGAAAATGCCGTTAATGAAATCAGTAGTTTATGAAGCT TTACGAGTTGATCCTCCAGTAGCTTCACAATACGGAAGAGCCAAACAGGACCTTAAGATCGAATCACACGACGCC GTTTTCGAGGTGAAAAAAGGTGAAATGCTATTCGGGTACCAACCATTTGCAACGAAGGATCCGAAATTTTTTGAC CGGCCGGAAGAGTTCGTCGCCGATCGGTTCGTCGGAGAAGAAGGAGAAAAGTTATTGAAATATGTATTATGGTCT AATGGACCGGAAACGGAAAGTCCGACAGTGGGGAATAAACAGTGTGCTGGCAAAGATTTTGTAGTGATGGTTTCG AGGTTATTCGTAACGGAGTTTTTTCTCCGTTACGATACATTCAACGTCGACGTTGGTAAGTCGGCGTTGGGGGCT TCAATTACTATAACTTCTTTGAAAAAAGCTTAG US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 MUTATED ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE 2 relates, at least in part , to compositions and methods relating (AOS2 ) GENES to mutations in the Allene Oxide Synthase 2 (AOS2 ) gene ( s ) /allele ( s ) . The present invention is filed under 35 U . S .C . $ 371 as the In one aspect, there is provided a plant or a plant cell U .S . national phase of International Application No. PCT/ 5 including a mutated AOS2 gene . In certain embodiments , US2014 /029434 , filed Mar. 14, 2014 , which designated the the mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein . In U . S . and claims priority to U . S . Provisional Patent Appli certain embodiments , a plant having a plant cell that includes a mutated AOS2 gene may be pathogen resistant ; cation 61 /785 , 059 filed Mar. 14 , 2013 , each of which is e . g ., resistant to a plant pathogen such as Phytophthora hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety including all* 10 infestans ( Pi) . In certain embodiments , a plant having a plant tables , figures , and claims. cell that includes a mutated AOS2 gene may have an altered REFERENCE TO SEQUENCE LISTING maturity rating . In certain embodiments , a plant having a plant cell that includes a mutated AOS2 gene may have SUBMITTED VIA EFS -WEB increased jasmonic acid levels . 15 In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi This application includes an electronically submitted ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a plant sequence listing in . txt format. The . txt file contains a or plant cell can be of any species of dicotyledonous, sequence listing entitled “ CIBUSO19US SeqListing ” created monocotyledonous or gymnospermous plant, including any on Feb . 9 , 2016 and is 164, 208 bytes in size . The sequence woody plant species that grows as a tree or shrub , any listing contained in this . txt file is part of the specification 20 herbaceous species , or any species that produces edible and is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety . fruits , seeds or vegetables , or any species that produces colorful or aromatic flowers . For example , the plant or plant FIELD OF THE INVENTION cell may be selected from a species of plant selected from the group consisting of potato , sunflower , sugar beet , maize , This disclosure relates in part to gene and /or protein 25 cotton , soybean , wheat , rye, oats , rice , canola , fruits , veg mutations in plants . etables , tobacco , aubergine , barley, boxthane , sorghum , tomato , tomatillo , tamarillo , mango , peach , apple , pear, BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION strawberry , banana, melon , goji berry , garden huckleberry , ground cherry, carrot, lettuce , onion , soya spp , sugar cane , The following discussion of the background of the inven - 30 pea , field beans , poplar , grape , citrus, alfalfa , rye , oats , turf tion is merely provided to aid the reader in understanding the and forage grasses , cucurbits , flax , oilseed rape , cucumber , invention and is not admitted to describe or constitute prior squash , pumpkin , watermelon , muskmelons, morning glory , art to the present invention . balsam , pepper, sweet pepper, bell pepper, chili pepper , Phytophthora infestans ( Pi ) is an organism that belongs in paprika , pimento , habanero , cayenne , eggplant, marigold , the phylum Oomycota and can cause devastating disease on 35 lotus , cabbage , daisy, carnation , tulip , iris , lily , and nut potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) , also known as Late Blight. The producing plants insofar as they are not already specifically Phytophthora genus causes disease in other plant species mentioned . The plant or plant cell may also be of a species such as tomato , soybean , pepper and tobacco . Pi has been selected from the group consisting of Arabidopsis thaliana , managed by the use of chemicals such as methyl bromide Solanum tuberosum , Solanum phureja , Oryza sativa , Ama and metalaxyl. 40 ranthus tuberculatus, and Zea mays . In various embodi An association between the Solanum tuberosum Allene m ents, plants as disclosed herein can be of any species of the Oxide Synthase (StAOS2 ) gene and resistance to late blight Solanaceae family. has been reported . Pajerowska -Mukhtar et al ., Planta 228 : In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi 293 (2008 ) discloses “ [ n ] atural variation of potato allene m ents, compositions and methods disclosed herein , a plant oxide synthase 2 causes differential levels of jasmonates and 45 or plant cell can be a potato of any commercial variety . For pathogen resistance in Arabidopsis . ” Pajerowska -Mukhtar example , the plant or plant cell may be selected from a et al. , Genetics 181 : 1115 ( 2009 ) discloses that “ [ a ] major potato variety selected from the group consisting of Anya , association was found at the StAOS2 locus encoding allene Arran Victory, Atlantic , Belle de Fontenay , BF - 15 , Bintje , oxide synthase 2 , a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of Cabritas, Camota , Chelina , Chiloé, Cielo , Clavela Blanca , jasmonates . . . " and " [ t ]wo SNPs at the StAOS2 locus were 50 Désirée , Fianna , Fingerling , Flava , Fontana , Golden Won associated with the largest effect on resistance . der, Innovator, Jersey Royal, Ken 's Pink , Kestrel, King StAOS2 _ snp691 and StAOS2 _ snp692 . . . " Edward , Kipfler , Lady Balfour, Maris Piper, Nicola, Pacha coña , Pink Eye, Pink Fir Apple , Primura, Red Norland , Red SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Pontiac , Rooster, Russet Burbank , Russet Norkotah , She 55 pody, Spunta , Vivaldi, Yukon Gold , Nyayo , Mukori, Roslin The present disclosure relates , in part, to methods and Tana, Kerrs ' s Pink /Meru , Golof, Kinongo , Ngure , Kenya compositions relating to gene and protein mutations in Baraka , Maritta , Kihoro , Americar, Roslin Bvumbwe, Njine , plants. In some aspects and embodiments, the present dis - Roslin Gucha , Arka , B53 (Roslin Eburu ), Kiraya , Kenya closure may also relate to compositions and methods for Akiba, 9 , Original, Gituma, Mukorino , Amin , Pimpernel , producing pathogen resistant plants . In some aspects and 60 Anett, B , Gituru , Feldeslohn , C , Kigeni, Romano , Kenya embodiments , the present disclosure may also relate to Ruaka , Purplu , Njae , Suzanna , Cardinal, Kathama , Kinare compositions and methods for producing a transgenic or Mwene , Kibururu , Karoa - Igura , Muturu , Faraja , Kiamu non - transgenic plant with a normal or altered maturity cove , Michiri , Rugano , Njine Giathireko , Meru Mix , Blue rating . In some aspects and embodiments , the present dis - Baranja , Patrones, Robijn , Roslin Chania , Urgentia , Mirka , closure may also relate to compositions and methods for 65 and Roslin Sasamua . producing a transgenic or non - transgenic plant with As used herein , the term “ AOS2 gene ” refers to a DNA increased jasmonic acid levels . The present disclosure also sequence capable of generating an Allene Oxide Synthase 2 US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 (AOS2 ) polypeptide that shares homology and / or amino 42 , 44 , 46 , 48 and / or 50 ) . In certain embodiments a mutated acid identity with the amino acid sequence SEQ ID NO : 1 , AOS2 gene has one or more mutations relative to a corre and /or encodes a protein that demonstrates AOS2 activity . In sponding wild type AOS2 sequence . In some embodiments certain embodiments , the AOS2 gene has 70 % ; 75 % ; 80 % ; a mutated AOS2 gene has one or more mutations relative to 85 % ; 90 % ; 95 % ; 96 % ; 97 % ; 98 % ; 99 % ; or 100 % identity to 5 a corresponding AOS2 sequence that encodes an AOS2 a specific AOS2 gene; e . g ., a Solanum tuberosum AOS2 protein that does not confer an acceptable level of pathogen gene e . g . , StAOS2 . In certain embodiments , the AOS2 gene resistance and / or tolerance . In some embodiments a mutated has 60 % ; 70 % ; 75 % ; 80 % ; 85 % ; 90 % ; 95 % ; 96 % ; 97 % ; 98 % ; 99 % ; or 100 % identity to a sequence selected from AOS2 gene has one or more mutations relative to , for SEQ ID NOs: 2 , 4 , 6, 8 , 10 , 12, 14 , 16 , 18, 20 , 22, 24 , 26 , 10 example SEQ ID NO : 2 at homologous positions of paralogs 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 48 and 50 . thereof. In some embodiments , the AOS2 gene is modified As used herein , the term “ pathogen resistance ” refers to with at least one mutation . In certain embodiments , the traits of plants that reduce pathogen growth once infection AOS2 gene is modified with at least two mutations. In by a pathogenic isolate has taken place . certain embodiments , the AOS2 gene is modified with at As used herein the term “ pathogen tolerance ” refers to the 15 least three mutations . In some embodiments , a mutated ability of a plant to decrease the effect of infection on plant AOS2 gene encodes one or more mutated AOS2 proteins , fitness . In some embodiments , a pathogen resistant plant such as describe herein . In some embodiments , a mutated may have necrotic lesions that are confined and /or do not AOS2 gene is a mutated Solanum tuberosum AOS2 genel spread indeterminately. In some embodiments of a pathogen alleles ; e . g ., StAOS2 . In some embodiments , a mutated tolerant plant, little or no necrosis is observed , but water 20 AOS2 gene is a mutated Desiree AOS2 gene /allele . In some soaked lesions may exist . In some embodiments , a pathogen embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene is a mutated Bintje tolerant plant can survive infection with minimal injury or AOS2 gene /allele . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 little reduction in the harvested yield of saleable material. gene is a mutated Fontana AOS2 gene/ allele . In some As used herein , the term “ mutation ” refers to at least a embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene is a mutated Innovator single nucleotide variation in a nucleic acid sequence and/ or 25 AOS2 gene /alleles . a single amino acid variation in a polypeptide relative to the In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes an normal sequence or wild -type sequence or a reference at a position corresponding to position 691 of SEQ ID NO : sequence , e . g ., SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes a embodiments a mutation refers to at least a single nucleotide Cat a position corresponding to position 692 of SEQ ID NO : variation in a nucleic acid sequence and / or a single amino 30 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes an acid variation in a polypeptide relative to a nucleotide or Aat a position corresponding to position 678 of SEQ ID NO : amino acid sequence of an AOS2 protein that does not 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes a confer an acceptable level of pathogen resistance and / or Tat a position corresponding to position 681 of SEQ ID NO : tolerance . In certain embodiments , a mutation may include 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes a a substitution , a deletion , an inversion or an insertion . In 35 Cat a position corresponding to position 727 of SEQ ID NO : some embodiments, a substitution , deletion , insertion , or 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes an inversion may include variation of more than one nucleo - Aat a position corresponding to position 744 of SEQ ID NO : tide . In certain embodiments , a substitution , deletion , inser- 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes a tion or inversion may include variations of 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , Cat a position corresponding to position 774 of SEQ ID NO : 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 40 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes an or 24 nucleotides . In some embodiments , a substitution , Aat a position corresponding to position 879 of SEQ ID NO : deletion , insertion , or inversion may include a variation of 1 , 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes an 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 or 12 amino acid positions. The A at a position corresponding to position 900 of SEQ ID NO : term “ nucleic acid ” or “ nucleic acid sequence ” refers to an 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes a oligonucleotide , nucleotide or polynucleotide, and frag - 45 Cat a position corresponding to position 954 of SEQ ID NO : ments or portions thereof, which may be single or double 2 . stranded , and represent the sense or antisense strand . A As used herein , the term “ AOS2 protein ” refers to a nucleic acid may include DNA or RNA , and may be of protein that has homology and /or amino acid identity to an natural or synthetic origin . For example , a nucleic acid may AOS2 protein of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 1719 , include mRNA or cDNA or genomic DNA . Nucleic acid 50 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29, 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 and /or may include nucleic acid that has been amplified ( e . g ., using 49 and / or demonstrates AOS2 activity . In certain embodi polymerase chain reaction ) . The convention ments , the AOS2 protein has 70 % ; 75 % ; 80 % ; 85 % ; 90 % ; " NTwt# # # NTmut” is used to indicate a mutation that results 95 % ; 96 % ; 97 % ; 98 % ; 99 % ; or 100 % identity to a specific in the wild - type nucleotide NTwt at position # # # in the AOS2 protein (e . g. , SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7, 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 nucleic acid being replaced with mutant NTmut. The single 55 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or letter code for nucleotides is as described in the U . S . Patent 49 ), such as e. g ., the Solanum tuberosum AOS2 protein . In Office Manual ofPatent Examining Procedure , section 2422 , some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein is a mutated table 1 . In this regard , the nucleotide designation “ R ” means Desiree AOS2 protein . In some embodiments , a mutated purine such as guanine or adenine , “ Y ” means pyrimidine AOS2 protein is a mutated Bintje AOS2 protein . In some such as cytosine or thymine (uracil if RNA ) ; “ M ” means 60 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein is a mutated Fontana adenine or cytosine ; “ K ” means guanine or thymine ; and AOS2 protein . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 “ W ” means adenine or thymine. protein is a mutated Innovator AOS2 protein . In certain As used herein , the term “ mutated AOS2 gene” refers to embodiments , the AOS2 protein has 70 % ; 75 % ; 80 % ; 85 % ; an allene oxide synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) gene having one ormore 90 % ; 95 % ; 96 % ; 97 % ; 98 % ; 99 % ; or 100 % identity to a mutations at positions of nucleotides relative to a reference 65 sequence selected from the sequences in FIGS . 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , AOS2 nucleic acid sequence ( e . g ., SEQ ID NO : 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 19, 21, 23, 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 10 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 43 , 45 , 47 and / or 49 . US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 As used herein , the term “ mutated AOS2 protein ” refers 113 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has to an AOS2 protein having one or more mutations at one or more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino positions of amino acids relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid acid sequence , or at homologous positions of paralogs sequence has a G at position 113 . n certain embodiments a thereof. In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has 5 mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative to one or more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the refer acid sequence, e. g ., a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence ence AOS2 amino acid sequence has an F at amino acid having SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13, 15 , 17 19, 21, 23 , position 145 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 , or portions protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference thereof. In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has 10 AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 one or more mutations relative to a corresponding AOS2 amino acid sequence has a L at amino acid position 187 . In wild type protein . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or protein has one or more mutations at a position correspond - more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid ing to positions selected from the group consisting of 6 , 12 , sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence 30 , 37 , 46 , 48 , 51 , 76 , 113 , 145 , 187 , 197 , 200 , 227 , 231 , 15 has a D at amino acid position 197 . In certain embodiments 256 , 264 , 270 , 282 , 289 , 292 , 309 , 320 , 328 , 337 , 338 , 357 , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative 381 , 394 , 407 , 423 , 430 , 439 , 467 , 480 , 494 and 495 of SEQ to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the ID NO : 1 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a E at amino acid has one or more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 position 197 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino 20 protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference acid sequence has an F at amino acid position 6 . In certain AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more amino acid sequence has a K at amino acid position 200 . In mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has an R more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid at amino acid position 12 . In certain embodiments a mutated 25 sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative to a has an A at amino acid position 227 . In certain embodiments reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative AOS2 amino acid sequence has a P at amino acid position to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the 12 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has an I at amino acid or more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid 30 position 231. In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference has an A at position 30 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative to a amino acid sequence has a G at amino acid position 231 . In reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or AOS2 amino acid sequence has an I at position 37 . In certain 35 more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a T at amino acid position 231 . In certain embodiments wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has an F a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative at amino acid position 46 . In certain embodiments a mutated to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative to a 40 reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a V at amino acid reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference position 256 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 AOS2 amino acid sequence has an L at amino acid position protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference 46 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 or more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid amino acid sequence has a F at amino acid position 256 . In sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence 45 certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or has an I at amino acid position 48 . In certain embodiments more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the has an A at amino acid position 264 . In certain embodiments reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a V at amino acid a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative position 48 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein 50 to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the has one or more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a L at amino acid amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino position 270 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 acid sequence has a T at amino acid position 48 . In certain protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence 55 amino acid sequence has a S at amino acid position 282 . In wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has an M certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or at amino acid position 51. In certain embodiments a mutated more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative to a sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference has a F at amino acid position 282 . In certain embodiments AOS2 amino acid sequence has an N at amino acid position 60 a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative 76 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the or more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a V at amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence position 289 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 has a D at amino acid position 76 . In certain embodiments protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference a mutated AOS2 protein has one ormore mutations relative 65 AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the amino acid sequence has an N at amino acid position 289 . reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a D at position In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a C at amino acid position 407 . In certain embodiments has a S at amino acid position 289 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the 5 reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a G at amino acid reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a V at amino acid position 407 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 position 292 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a F at amino acid position 423 . In amino acid sequence has an I at amino acid position 309 . In 10 certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a L at amino acid position 430 . In certain embodiments has a L at amino acid position 309 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative 15 to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has an E at position reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a L at amino acid 439 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has position 320 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 one or more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 20 sequence has a S at amino acid position 467 . In certain amino acid sequence has a Mat amino acid position 320 . In embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a G at sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence amino acid position 467 . In certain embodiments a mutated has a M at amino acid position 328 . In certain embodiments 25 AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative to a a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the AOS2 amino acid sequence has a V at amino acid position reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a V at amino acid 480 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has position 328 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 one or more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference 30 acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 sequence has a D at amino acid position 494 . In certain amino acid sequence has a L at amino acid position 328 . In embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a G at sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence 35 amino acid position 494 . In certain embodiments a mutated has a D at amino acid position 337 . In certain embodiments AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative to a a mutated AOS2 protein has one ormore mutations relative reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the AOS2 amino acid sequence has a T at amino acid position reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has an E at amino acid 495 . In another embodiment, a mutated AOS2 protein may position 337 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 40 be composed of any combination of amino acid mutations at protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference any positions in the protein relative to a reference sequence AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 ( e . g ., SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , amino acid sequence has a L at amino acid position 338 . In 27 , 29, 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 43 , 45, 47 and /or 49 ). In some certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid 45 mutations relative to a corresponding AOS2 protein that sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence confers lower than acceptable pathogen resistance and /or has a V at amino acid position 338 . In certain embodiments tolerance ( e . g . , resistant to Phytophthora infestans ) . In some a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative embodiments , the AOS2 protein is modified with one or to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the more mutations. In some embodiments, the AOS2 protein is reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a Mat amino acid 50 modified with at least one mutation . In certain embodiments , position 357 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 the AOS2 protein is modified with at least two mutations . In protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference certain embodiments , the AOS2 protein is modified with at AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 least three mutations . In certain embodiments , the AOS2 amino acid sequence has an I at amino acid position 357 . In protein is modified with at least four mutations . In certain certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or 55 embodiments , the AOS2 protein is modified with at least five more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid mutations . In certain embodiments , the AOS2 protein is sequence wherein the reference AOS2 amino acid sequence modified with at least six mutations . In certain embodi has a L at amino acid position 381 . In certain embodiments ments , the AOS2 protein is modified with at least seven a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations relative mutations . In certain embodiments , the AOS2 protein is to a reference AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the 60 modified with at least eight mutations . In certain embodi reference AOS2 amino acid sequence has a P at amino acid ments , the AOS2 protein is modified with at least nine position 381 . In certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 mutations . In certain embodiments , the AOS2 protein is protein has one or more mutations relative to a reference modified with at least ten mutations. In certain embodi AOS2 amino acid sequence wherein the reference AOS2 ments , the AOS2 protein is modified with at least eleven amino acid sequence has a T at amino acid position 394 . In 65 mutations. In certain embodiments , the AOS2 protein is certain embodiments a mutated AOS2 protein has one or modified with at least twelve mutations. In some embodi more mutations relative to a reference AOS2 amino acid ments , a mutated AOS2 protein is one or more Solanum US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 tuberosum AOS2 proteins. In some embodiments , the term or more , eleven or more , twelve or more , thirteen or more , mutated AOS2 protein refers to an AOS2 protein that fourteen ormore , fifteen or more , sixteen ormore , seventeen confers increased resistance and / or tolerance to one or more or more , eighteen or more , nineteen or more , twenty or pathogens as compared to a reference protein . more , twenty - one or more, twenty - two or more , twenty As used herein , the term “ lower than acceptable level of 5 three or more , twenty - four or more , twenty - five or more pathogen resistance and / or tolerance” means that the sus mutations at positions selected from the group consisting of ceptibility of a plant or crop to a pathogen impairs or S6 , P12 , R12 , V30 , T37 , F46 , L46 , 148 , 148 , 151 , D76 , D113 , destroys the commercial profitability of the plant or crop . In G113 , Y145 , F187 , D197 , E197 , T200 , T227 , G231, 1231 , certain embodiments , a lower than acceptable level of patho - F256 , V256 , T264 , F270 , F282 , S282 , N289 , S289 , A292 , gen resistance and / or tolerance reduces profitability of the 10 1309 , L309 , L320 , M320 , L328 , V328 , D337 , E337, L338 , plant or crop by at least 10 % ; or at least 25 % ; or at least V338 , 1357 , M357 , L381 , P381, K394 , C407 , G407 , 1423 , 50 % ; or at least 75 % ; or at least 100 % as compared to a F430 , 439 (where A indicates a deletion ) , G467 , S467 , similar plant or crop that is pathogen resistant and /or toler - T480 , D494 , G494 and K495 of SEO ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , ant. In contrast, the profitability of a crop or plant with an 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 19 , 21, 23, 25 , 27, 29 , 31, 33 , 35, 37 , 39, 41 , “ acceptable level of resistance and /or tolerance ” to a patho - 15 43 , 45 , 47 and /or 49 . gen is not substantially impaired or destroyed due to patho - In conjunction with any of the aspects, embodiments , gen exposures . In certain embodiments , the profitability of a compositions and methods disclosed herein a mutated AOS2 plant or crop is reduced by less than 20 % ; or less than 15 % gene includes a G at a position corresponding to position 231 or less than 10 % upon exposure to a pathogen . The profit of SEQ ID NO : 1 and a V at a position corresponding to ability of a crop or plant with a “ higher than acceptable level 20 position 328 of SEQ ID NO : 1 . In conjunction with any of of resistance and / or tolerance ” to a pathogen is reduced by the aspects , embodiments , compositions and methods dis less than 10 % ; or less than 5 % or less than 2 % upon closed herein , the one or more mutations in a mutated AOS2 exposure to a pathogen . protein includes one or more mutations , two or more muta In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , tions, three or more mutations , four or more mutations , five compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutation 25 or more mutations , six or more mutations , seven or more refers to at least a single nucleotide variation in an AOS2 mutations, eight or more mutations, nine or more mutations , gene or a single amino acid variation in a polypeptide or ten or more , eleven or more , twelve or more , thirteen or relative to an amino acid sequence of an AOS2 gene/ protein more , fourteen or more , fifteen or more , sixteen or more , that confers pathogen resistance and / or tolerance . In some seventeen or more , eighteen or more , nineteen or more , embodiments , a mutation refers to at least a single nucleo - 30 twenty or more , twenty -one or more , twenty -two or more , tide variation in an AOS2 gene or a single amino acid twenty - three or more , twenty - four or more , twenty - five or variation in a polypeptide relative to an amino acid sequence more mutations selected from the group consisting of F65 , of an AOS2 protein that does not confer an acceptable level R12P , P12R , A30V , 1371 , L46F , F46L , V48T , V481, T481, of pathogen resistance and / or tolerance . In certain embodi- 148T, M511 , D76N , N76D , G113D , D113G , F145Y , L187F , ments , a mutation may include a substitution , a deletion , an 35 D197E , E197D , K200T, A227T, 1231T , 12316 , G231T , inversion or an insertion at one or more positions in the gene T2316 , F256V , V256F , A264T , L270F , F282S , S282F , and / or protein . In some embodiments , a substitution , dele - V289N , V289S , S289N , N289S , V292A , L3091, 1309L , tion , insertion , or inversion may include a variation at 1 , 2 , M320L , L320M , M328L , M328V , L328V , V328L , E337D . 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , D337E , V338L , L338V , 1357M , M3571, P381L , L381P , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 40 T394K , G407C , C407G , F4231, L430F, E439A , G467S , or 37 amino acid positions. S467G , V480T, G494D , D494G and T495K . In some In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments, embodiments , the one or more mutations in a mutated AOS2 compositions and methods disclosed herein , the one or more protein includes one or more mutations, two or more muta mutations in a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more , tions, three or more mutations, four or more mutations, five two or more , three or more , four or more , five or more , six 45 or more mutations , six or more mutations , seven or more or more , seven or more , eight or more , nine or more , or ten mutations, eight or more mutations, nine or more mutations, or more , eleven or more , twelve or more , thirteen or more , or ten or more , eleven or more , twelve or more , thirteen or fourteen or more , fifteen or more , sixteen or more , seventeen more , fourteen or more, fifteen or more , sixteen or more , or more , eighteen or more , nineteen or more , twenty or seventeen or more , eighteen or more , nineteen or more , more , twenty -one or more , twenty - two or more , twenty - 50 twenty or more , twenty -one or more , twenty -two or more , three or more , twenty -four or more , twenty - five or more , twenty - three or more , twenty - four or more , twenty - five or twenty - six or more , twenty - seven or more , twenty - eight or more mutations selected from the group consisting of a more , twenty -nine or more, thirty or more , thirty - one or p henylalanine to a serine at a position corresponding to more , thirty - two or more , thirty - three or more , thirty - four or position 6 , an arginine to a proline at a position correspond more , thirty - five or more , thirty - six or more , thirty - seven or 55 ing to position 12 , a proline to an arginine at a position more mutations at positions corresponding to the positions corresponding to position 12 , an alanine to a valine at a selected from the group consisting of 6 , 12 , 30 , 37 , 46 , 48 , position corresponding to position 30 , an isoleucine to a 51 , 76 , 113 , 145 , 187 , 197 , 200 , 227 , 231 , 256 , 264, 270 , threonine at a position corresponding to position 37 , a 282 , 289, 292 , 309, 320 , 328 , 337 , 338 , 357 , 381, 394 , 407 , phenylalanine to a leucine at a position corresponding to 423 , 430 , 439 , 467 , 480 , 494 and 495 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 60 position 46 , a leucine to a phenylalanine at a position 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , corresponding to position 46 , a valine to a threonine at a 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 and/ or 49 . position corresponding to position 48 , a valine to an isoleu In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , cine at a position corresponding to position 48 , an isoleucine compositions and methods disclosed herein , the one or more to a threonine at a position corresponding to position 48 , a mutations in a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more , 65 threonine to an isoleucine at a position corresponding to two or more , three or more , four or more , five or more , six position 48 , a methionine to an isoleucine at a position or more , seven or more , eight or more , nine or more , or ten corresponding to position 51, an asparagine to an aspartic US 9 , 790 ,515 B2 11 12 acid at a position corresponding to position 76 , an aspartic In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , acid to an asparagine at a position corresponding to position compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated 76 , an aspartic acid to a glycine at a position corresponding AOS2 protein includes SEQ ID NO : 1 . In conjunction with to position 113 , a glycine to an aspartic acid at a position?? any of the aspects , embodiments , compositions and methods corresponding to position 113 , a phenylalanine to a tyrosine 5 disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes SEQ ID at a position corresponding to position 145 , a leucine to a NO : 3 . phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 187 , In another aspect, there is provided a method for produc an aspartic acid to a glutamic acid at a position correspond i ng a plant cell . In some embodiments, the plant cell has a ing to position 197 , a glutamic acid to an aspartic acid at a mutated AOS2 gene . In certain embodiments , the mutated position corresponding to position 197, a lysine to a threo - 10 AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein . In certain nine at a position corresponding to position 200 , an alanine embodiments , the plant cell may be part of a pathogen to a threonine at a position corresponding to position 227 , an resistant plant. The method may include introducing into a isoleucine to a threonine at a position corresponding to plant cell a gene repair oligonucleobase (GRON ) ; e .g . , using position 231, an isoleucine to a glycine at a position corre a GRON with a targeted mutation to produce a nucleotide sponding to position 231, a glycine to a threonine at a 15 change at the homologous location in an AOS2 gene . In position corresponding to position 231 , a threonine to a certain embodiments , the plant cell produced by the method glycine at a position corresponding to position 231 , a valine may include an AOS2 gene capable of expressing a mutated to a phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position AOS2 protein . The method may further include identifying 256 , a phenylalanine to a valine at a position corresponding a plant cell or a plant including a plant cell that includes ( 1 ) to position 256 , an alanine to a threonine at a position 20 a mutated AOS2 gene and/ or ( 2 ) normal or altered growth , corresponding to position 264 , a leucine to a phenylalanine and /or AOS2 catalytic activity , enhanced AOS2 enzyme at a position corresponding to position 270 , a serine to a stability , signaling capability and/ or ( 3 ) higher pathogen phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 282 , a resistance and / or tolerance as compared to a corresponding phenylalanine to a serine at a position corresponding to wild - type plant cell . The pathogen resistant plant having a position 282 , a valine to an asparagine at a position corre - 25 plant cell such as described herein may be identified in the sponding to position 289 , a valine to a serine at a position presence of a pathogen . In some embodiments , the plant cell corresponding to position 289, a serine to an asparagine at is transgenic . In some embodiments , the plant cell is non a position corresponding to position 289 , an asparagine to a transgenic . A plant that includes a plant cell such as serine at a position corresponding to position 289 , a valine described herein may be a non - transgenic pathogen resis to an alanine at a position corresponding to position 292 , an 30 tant/ tolerant plant; e . g ., the plant and / or plant cell may have isoleucine to leucine at a position corresponding to position a mutated AOS2 gene that results in resistance and /or 309, a leucine to an isoleucine at a position corresponding to tolerance to at least one pathogen . In some embodiments , a position 309 , a leucine to methionine at a position corre - plant having a plant cell as described herein may be pro sponding to position 320 , a methionine to a leucine at a duced asexually ; e . g ., from one or more plant cells or from position corresponding to position 320 , a methionine to a 35 a plant tissue made up of one or more plant cells ; e . g . , from leucine at a position corresponding to position 328 , a a tuber or piece of a potato tuber containing at least one or methionine to valine at a position corresponding to position two eyes ( dormant buds ) , often referred to as seed potatoes. 328 , a valine to a leucine at a position corresponding to In certain embodiments , a plant having a plant cell such as position 328 , a leucine to a valine at a position correspond - described herein may be produced sexually yielding true ing to position 328 , an aspartic acid to a glutamic acid at a 40 genetic seed . position corresponding to position 337 , a glutamic acid to an In another aspect , there is provided a method for produc aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 337 , a ing a pathogen resistant and / or tolerant plant . The method leucine to a valine at a position corresponding to position may include introducing into a plant cell a gene repair 338 , a valine to a leucine at a position corresponding to oligonucleobase (GRON ) ; e . g . , using a GRON with a tar position 338 , a methionine to an isoleucine at a position 45 geted mutation to produce a nucleotide change at the corresponding to position 357 , an isoleucine to a methionine homologous location in to an AOS2 gene . The method may at a position corresponding to position 357 , a leucine to a produce a plant cell with a mutated AOS2 gene . The mutated proline at a position corresponding to position 381, a proline AOS2 gene may express a mutated AOS2 protein . The to a leucine at a position corresponding to position 381, a method may further include identifying a plant that has threonine to a lysine at a position corresponding to position 50 normal or altered growth , AOS2 protein catalytic activity , 394 , a cysteine to a glycine at a position corresponding to AOS2 enzyme stability and/ or signaling capability as com position 407 , a glycine to a cysteine at a position corre - pared to a corresponding wild - type plant cell . The method sponding to position 407 , a phenylalanine to an isoleucine at may further include regenerating a pathogen resistant plant a position corresponding to position 423 , a leucine to a from a plant cell with a mutated AOS2 gene. The plantmay phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 430 , a 55 be identified in the presence of pathogens . In some embodi serine to a glycine at a position corresponding to position ments , the plant is transgenic . In some embodiments , the 467, a glycine to a serine at a position corresponding to plant is non - transgenic . The plant may in some embodiments position 467 , a valine to a threonine at a position corre - be a non - transgenic pathogen resistant plant; e . g . , the plant sponding to position 480 , an aspartic acid to a glycine at a may include a mutated AOS2 gene that results in improved position corresponding to position 494 , a glycine to an 60 resistance and /or tolerance to at least one pathogen . In some aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 494 , a embodiments , the plant may include a mutated AOS2 gene threonine to a lysine at a position corresponding to position that gives rise to a plant with altered maturity rating . In 495 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3, 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 19 , 21, 23, certain embodiments , the plant may include a mutated AOS2 25 , 27, 29, 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 , and a gene that gives rise to a plant with a late maturity rating . deletion of a glutamic acid at a position corresponding to 65 In another aspect, there is provided a method for produc position 439 SEQ ID NO : 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13, 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 23 , ing a plant with an early , mid , mid - early or late maturity 25 , 27 , 33 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . rating . The method may include introducing into a plant cell US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 13 14 a gene repair oligonucleobase (GRON ) ; e . g ., using a GRON and /or tolerance to at least one pathogen . In some embodi with a targeted mutation to produce a nucleotide change at ments , the plant may include a mutated AOS2 gene that the homologous location in an AOS2 gene . The method may gives rise to a plant with a mid - early maturity rating . In produce a plant cell with a mutated AOS2 gene. The mutated certain embodiments , the plant may include a mutated AOS2 AOS2 gene may express a mutated AOS2 protein . The 5 gene that gives rise to a plant with a late maturity rating . In method may further include identifying a plant cell that has some embodiments , the plant is transgenic . The plant may in normal growth and / or catalytic activity as compared to a some embodiments be a transgenic pathogen resistant plant ; corresponding wild - type plant cell. The method may further e . g . , the plantmay include a mutated AOS2 gene that results include regenerating a pathogen resistant plant from a plant in resistance and / or tolerance to at least one pathogen . In cell with a mutated AOS2 gene . In some embodiments , the 10 some embodiments , the plant may include a mutated AOS2 plant is non - transgenic . The plant may be a non - transgenic gene that gives rise to a plant with a mid - early maturity plant with a mid - early maturity rating . The plant may in rating . In certain embodiments , the plant may include a some embodiments be a non -transgenic pathogen resistant mutated AOS2 gene that gives rise to a plant with a late plant; e . g . , the plant may include a mutated AOS2 gene that maturity rating . results in resistance and /or tolerance to at least one patho - 15 In another aspect, there is provided a plant or plant cell gen . In some embodiments , the plant is transgenic . The plant including a mutated AOS2 gene . In certain embodiments , may be a non -transgenic plant with a mid -early maturity themutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein . In rating . The plant may in some embodiments be a transgenic certain embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the pathogen resistant plant; e . g ., the plant may include a Desiree potato variety . In certain embodiments , the plant or mutated AOS2 gene that results in resistance and /or toler - 20 plant cell may be of the Bintje potato variety . In certain ance to at least one pathogen . embodiments, the plant or plant cell may be of the Fontana In another aspect, there is provided a method for increas - potato variety . In certain embodiments , the plant or plant cell ing jasmonic acid levels in a plant. The method may include may be of the Innovator potato variety . In certain embodi introducing into a plant cell a gene repair oligonucleobase m ents , a plant having a plant cell that includes a mutated (GRON ) ; e . g ., using a GRON with a targeted mutation to 25 AOS2 gene may be pathogen resistant and / or tolerant. In produce a nucleotide change at the homologous location in certain embodiments , the plant or the plant cell is non an AOS2 gene . The method may produce a plant cell with a transgenic . In certain embodiments , the plant or the plant mutated AOS2 gene . The mutated AOS2 gene may express cell is transgenic . a mutated AOS2 protein . The method may further include In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , identifying a plant that has normal or altered growth AOS2 30 compositions and methods disclosed herein , the composi protein catalytic activity , AOS2 enzyme stability and / or tions and methods may involve a plant or plant cell having signaling capability as compared to a corresponding wild multiple AOS2 genes , with each gene having two alleles , in type plant cell. The method may further include regenerating two or more sets of chromosomes . For example ; a tetraploid a plant with increased jasmonic acid levels from a plant cell plant may include one , two , three , or four mutated AOS2 with a mutated AOS2 gene . The plant may be identified in 35 alleles . In some embodiments, the multiple AOS2 genes may the presence of pathogens. In some embodiments , the plant include the same mutation or different mutations . In some is non - transgenic . The plant may in some embodiments be a embodiments , the multiple AOS2 genes may include any non - transgenic pathogen resistant plant; e . g . , the plant may combination or permutation of mutations, e . g ., the AOS2 include a mutated AOS2 gene that results in resistance mutations as disclosed herein . and / or tolerance to at least one pathogen . In some embodi - 40 In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , ments , the plant may include a mutated AOS2 gene that compositions and methods disclosed herein , the plant or gives rise to a plant with increased jasmonic acid levels . In plant cell may include mutations in an AOS2 gene / allele ! some embodiments , the plant is transgenic . The plant may in locus on one or more chromosomes . A plant or plant cell some embodiments be a transgenic pathogen resistant plant; may include a plant with various multiples of chromosomes; e . g . , the plant may include a mutated AOS2 gene that results 45 e . g . , at least one set of chromosomes , at least two sets of in resistance and / or tolerance to at least one pathogen . In chromosomes , at least three sets of chromosomes , at least some embodiments , the plant may include a mutated AOS2 four sets of chromosomes , at least five sets of chromosomes , gene that gives rise to a plant with increased jasmonic acid at least six sets of chromosomes, at least seven sets of levels . chromosomes , at least eight sets of chromosomes , at least In another aspect , there is provided a method for increas - 50 nine sets of chromosomes, at least ten sets of chromosomes , ing the pathogen -resistance and /or tolerance of a plant . The at least eleven sets of chromosomes and at least twelve sets method may include introducing into a plant cell a gene of chromosomes . In some embodiments, a plant or plant cell repair oligonucleobase (GRON ) ; e . g . , using a GRON with a includes a plant with four sets of chromosomes . targeted mutation to produce a nucleotide change at the In conjunction with any of the aspects, embodiments , homologous location in an AOS2 gene . The method may 55 compositions and methods disclosed herein , the mutated produce a plant cell with a mutated AOS2 gene . The mutated AOS2 gene includes at least one mutation that confers AOS2 gene may express a mutated AOS2 protein . The pathogen resistance and/ or tolerance or at least one mutation method may further include identifying a plant that has that confers a late maturity rating. In some embodiments , the normal or altered growth and / or AOS2 protein catalytic at least one mutation that confers pathogen resistance and / or activity and /or AOS2 protein stability as compared to a 60 tolerance is the same mutation as the at least one mutation corresponding wild - type plant cell. The method may further that confers a late maturity rating . In certain embodiments , include regenerating a pathogen resistant plant from a plant the at least one mutation that confers pathogen resistance cell with a mutated AOS2 gene. The plantmay be identified and / or tolerance is different from the at least one mutation in the presence of a pathogen . In some embodiments , the that confers a late maturity rating . plant is non - transgenic . The plant may in some embodiments 65 In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , be a non - transgenic pathogen resistant plant; e . g ., the plant compositions and methods disclosed herein , the mutated may include a mutated AOS2 gene that results in resistance AOS2 gene includes at least one mutation that confers US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 15 16 pathogen resistance and / or tolerance and at least one muta In another aspect, there is provided a method for increas tion that confers a mid - early maturity rating . In some ing the pathogen - resistance and / or tolerance of a plant by : embodiments , the at least one mutation that confers patho - ( a ) crossing a first plant to a second plant, in which the first gen resistance and / or tolerance is the same mutation as the plant includes a mutated AOS2 gene , in which the gene at least one mutation that confers a mid - early maturity 5 encodes a mutated AOS2 protein ; ( b ) screening a population rating . In certain embodiments , the at least one mutation that resulting from the cross for increased pathogen -resistance confers pathogen resistance and / or tolerance is different and / or tolerance ; ( c ) selecting a member resulting from the from the at least one mutation that confers a mid - early cross having increased pathogen -resistance and /or tolerance ; maturity rating . and ( d ) producing seeds resulting from the cross . In some In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , 10 embodiments , a hybrid seed is produced by any of the above compositions and methods disclosed herein , the mutated methods. In some embodiments , plants are grown from AOS2 gene includes at least one mutation that confers seeds produced by any of the above methods. In some pathogen resistance and/ or tolerance and at least one muta - embodiments , the plants and / or seeds are non - transgenic . In tion that confers an early maturity rating . In some embodi- some embodiments , the plants and / or seeds are transgenic . ments , the at least one mutation that confers pathogen 15 In some embodiments, the first and second plants are Sola resistance and / or tolerance is the same mutation as the at num tuberosum plants . In some embodiments , the plants least one mutation that confers an early maturity rating . In and / or seeds have a early, mid - early , mid or late maturity certain embodiments , the at least one mutation that confers rating . pathogen resistance and / or tolerance is different from the at In another aspect , there is provided an isolated nucleic least one mutation that confers an early maturity rating . 20 acid of a mutated AOS2 gene . In some embodiments , the In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , isolated nucleic acid encodes for a mutated AOS2 protein . In compositions and methods disclosed herein , the mutated certain embodiments , the isolated nucleic acid encodes a AOS2 gene includes at least one mutation that confers mutated AOS2 protein that is pathogen resistant and /or pathogen resistance and / or tolerance and at least one muta - tolerant. In some embodiments , the isolated nucleic acid tion that confers a mid maturity rating . In some embodi- 25 encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that gives rise to a plant ments , the at least one mutation that confers pathogen with early , mid , mid - early or late maturity rating . resistance and / or tolerance is the same mutation as the at In another aspect, there is provided an expression vector least one mutation that confers a mid maturity rating . In containing an isolated nucleic acid of a mutated AOS2 gene. certain embodiments , the at least one mutation that confers In some embodiments , the expression vector contains an pathogen resistance and / or tolerance is different from the at 30 isolated nucleic acid encoding an AOS2 protein . least one mutation that confers a mid maturity rating . In conjunction with any of the aspects, embodiments , In another aspect there is provided a seed including a compositions and methods disclosed herein , the methods mutated AOS2 gene . In some embodiments , the seed has a and compositions disclosed herein include one or more mutated AOS2 gene . In some embodiments , the mutated mutated AOS2 genes that encode one or more AOS2 pro AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein . In some 35 teins . In some embodiments , the methods and compositions embodiments , the mutated AOS2 protein may be resistant include a mutated chloroplast targeted AOS2 gene . In some and / or tolerant to a pathogen . In some embodiments , the embodiments , the methods and compositions include a seed is resistant and / or tolerant to a pathogen . In some mutated AOS2 gene . In some embodiments , the methods embodiments, the seed may include a mutated AOS2 gene and compositions include a mutated Solanum tuberosum that results in a pathogen resistant and / or tolerant plant. In 40 AOS2 gene; for example StAOS2 . In some embodiments , some embodiments , the seed is non - transgenic . In some themethods and compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene embodiments , the seed is transgenic . In some embodiments , allele StAOS2 - 1 . In some embodiments , the methods and the seed may include a mutated AOS2 gene that gives rise compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 to a plant with a mid - early maturity rating. In some embodi 6 . In some embodiments , the methods and compositions ments , the seed may include a mutated AOS2 gene that gives 45 include a mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 - 12 . In some rise to a plant with a late maturity rating . embodiments , the methods and compositions include a In another aspect there is provided vegetative plantmate mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 - 7 . In some embodi rial that can give rise to a new plant including but not limited ments , the methods and compositions include a mutated to tubers or pieces thereof containing at least a single eye , in AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 - 8 . In some embodiments , the vitro grown shoots , rooted shoots or protoplast - derived 50 methods and compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene callus having at least one mutated AOS2 allele . In some allele StAOS2 CB1. In some embodiments , the methods and embodiments , such vegetatively propagated material has a compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 mutated AOS2 gene . In some embodiments , the mutated CB2 . In some embodiments , the methods and compositions AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein . In some include a mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 CB3. In some embodiments , the mutated AOS2 protein may be resistant 55 embodiments , the methods and compositions include a and / or tolerant to a pathogen . In some embodiments , the mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 CB4 . In some embodi vegetative material is resistant and / or tolerant to a pathogen . ments , the methods and compositions include a mutated In some embodiments, the vegetative material may include AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 CB5 . In some embodiments , the a mutated AOS2 gene that results in a pathogen resistant methods and compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene and / or tolerant plant. In some embodiments , the vegetative 60 allele StAOS2 CB6 . In some embodiments , themethods and material is non - transgenic . In some embodiments, the veg - compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 etative material is transgenic . In some embodiments , the CB7 . In some embodiments , the methods and compositions vegetative material may include a mutated AOS2 gene that include a mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 CB8. In some gives rise to a plant with a mid - early maturity rating . In some embodiments , the methods and compositions include a embodiments , the vegetativematerial may include amutated 65 mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 CB9 . In some embodi AOS2 gene that gives rise to a plant with a late maturity ments , the methods and compositions include a mutated rating. AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 CB10 . In some embodiments , the US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 18 methods and compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene is a potato . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell is allele StAOS2 CB11. In some embodiments, the methods a Desiree potato . In some embodiments , the plant or plant and compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene allele cell is a Bintje potato . In some embodiments , the gene ( s )/ StAOS2 CB12 . In some embodiments , the methods and allele ( s ) are not a transgene ( s ). In some embodiments , the compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS25 AOS2 gene is SEO ID NO : 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 20 , CB13 . In some embodiments, the methods and compositions 22 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 48 or 50 . include a mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 CB14 . In some In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi embodiments , the methods and compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 CB15 . In some embodi ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , the plant ments , the methods and compositions include a mutated 10 or plant cell includes a mutated AOS2 gene having an A at AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 CB16 . In some embodiments, the position 691 . In some embodiments, the plant or plant cell methods and compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene is a polyploidy . In some embodiments, at least one mutated allele StAOS2 CB17 . In some embodiments , the methods AOS2 gene/ allele of a polyploid plant has an A at position and compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene allele 691 . In some embodiments , at least two mutated AOS2 StAOS2 CB18 . In some embodiments , the methods and 15 genes/ alleles of a polyploid plant have an A at position 691 . compositions include a mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 In some embodiments , at least three mutated AOS2 genes / CB19 . In some embodiments , the methods and compositions alleles of a polyploid plant have an A at position 691. In include a mutated AOS2 gene allele StAOS2 CB20 . some embodiments , at least four mutated AOS2 genes / In conjunction with any of the various aspects, embodi- alleles of a polyploid plant have an A at position 691 . In ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a plant 20 some embodiments, at least five mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles or plant cell that includes a mutated AOS2 gene has at least of a polyploid plant have an A at position 691. In some one gene / allele having an A at position 691. In some embodiments , at least six mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles of a embodiments , a plant or plant cell that includes a mutated polyploid plant have an A at position 691 . In some embodi AOS2 gene has at least two genes /alleles having an A at ments , at least seven mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles of a position 691 . In some embodiments , a plant or plant cell that 25 polyploid plant have an A at position 691 . In some embodi includes a mutated AOS2 gene has at least three genes / ments , at least eight mutated AOS2 genes /alleles of a alleles having an A at position 691 . In some embodiments, polyploid plant have an A at position 691 . In some embodi a plant or plant cell that includes a mutated AOS2 gene has ments , at least nine mutated AOS2 genes /alleles of a poly at least four genes /alleles having an A at position 691 . In ploid plant have an Aat position 691 . In some embodiments , some embodiments , the plant or plant cell is a potato . In 30 at least ten mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles of a polyploid plant some embodiments , the plant or plant cell is a Desiree have an A at position 691 . In some embodiments , the potato . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell is a gene ( s )/ allele ( s ) are not a transgene ( s ) . In some embodi Bintje potato . In some embodiments , the gene (s )/ allele ( s ) ments , the AOS2 gene is SEQ ID NO : 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 14 , are not a transgene ( s ) . In some embodiments , the AOS2 16 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 , gene is SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 23 , 35 48 or 50 . 25 , 27 , 29 , 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 43, 45 , 47 or 49 . In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi - ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a potato ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a plant or potato cell includes a mutated AOS2 gene having an A at or plant cell that includes a mutated AOS2 gene has at least position 691. In some embodiments , at least one mutated one gene /allele having a C at position 692 . In some embodi- 40 AOS2 gene / allele of a potato or potato cell has an A at ments , a plant or plant cell that includes a mutated AOS2 position 691 . In some embodiments , at least two mutated gene has at least two genes /alleles having a C at position AOS2 genes/ alleles of a potato or potato cell have an A at 692 . In some embodiments , a plant or plant cell that includes position 691 . In some embodiments , at least three mutated a mutated AOS2 gene has at least three genes/ alleles having AOS2 genes/ alleles of a potato or potato cell have an A at an a Cat position 692 . In some embodiments , a plant or plant 45 position 691 . In some embodiments , at least four mutated cell that includes a mutated AOS2 gene has at least four AOS2 genes/ alleles of a potato or potato cell have an A at genes/ alleles having a C at position 692 . In some embodi- position 691 . In some embodiments , the gene ( s )/ allele ( s ) are ments , the plant or plant cell is a potato . In some embodi- not a transgene ( s ) . In some embodiments , the AOS2 gene is ments , the plant or plant cell is a Desiree potato . In some SEQ ID NO : 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 28 , embodiments , the plant or plant cell is a Bintje potato . In 50 30 , 32, 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 48 or 50 . some embodiments , the gene ( s ) /allele ( s ) are not a In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi transgene (s ) . In some embodiments , the AOS2 gene is SEQ m ents , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , Desiree potato or Desiree potato cell includes a mutated 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . AOS2 gene having an A at position 691 . In some embodi In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi - 55 ments , at least one mutated AOS2 gene /allele of a Desiree ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a plant potato or Desiree potato cell has an A at position 691 . In or plant cell that includes a mutated AOS2 gene has at least some embodiments , at least two mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles one gene / allele having an A at position 691 and a C at of a Desiree potato or Desiree potato cell have an A at position 692 . In some embodiments , a plant or plant cell that position 691. In some embodiments , at least three mutated includes a mutated AOS2 gene has at least two genes/ alleles 60 AOS2 genes /alleles of a Desiree potato or Desiree potato having A at position 691 and a C at position 692 . In some cell have an A at position 691. In some embodiments , at least embodiments , a plant or plant cell that includes a mutated four mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles of a Desiree potato or AOS2 gene has at least three genes/ alleles having an A at Desiree potato cell have an A at position 691 . In some position 691 and a C at position 692 . In some embodiments, embodiments , the gene ( s ) /allele ( s ) are not a transgene ( s ) . In a plant or plant cell that includes a mutated AOS2 gene has 65 some embodiments , the AOS2 gene is SEQ ID NO : 2 , 4 , 6 , at least four genes/ alleles having A at position 691 and a C 8 , 10 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , at position 692 . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 48 or 50 . US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 19 20 In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi - genes/ alleles of a Desiree potato or Desiree potato cell have ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a Bintje a C at position 692 . In some embodiments , at least four potato or Bintje potato cell includes a mutated AOS2 gene mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles of a Desiree potato or Desiree having an A at position 691 . In some embodiments , at least potato cell have a C at position 692 . In some embodiments , one mutated AOS2 gene /allele of a Bintje potato or Bintje 5 the gene ( s )/ allele ( s ) are not a transgene ( s ) . In some embodi potato cell has an A at position 691 . In some embodiments , ments , the AOS2 gene is SEQ ID NO : 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 14 , at least two mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles of a Bintje potato 16 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 , or Bintje potato cell have an A at position 691 . In some 48 or 50 . embodiments , at least three mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles of In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi a Bintje potato or Bintje potato cell have an A at position 10 ments, compositions and methods disclosed herein , a Bintje 691 . In some embodiments , at least four mutated AOS2 potato or Bintje potato cell includes a mutated AOS2 gene genes / alleles of a Bintje potato or Bintje potato cell have an having a C at position 692 . In some embodiments , at least A at position 691 . In some embodiments , the gene ( s ) one mutated AOS2 gene /allele of a Bintje potato or Bintje allele( s ) are not a transgene( s ). In some embodiments , the potato cell has a C at position 692 . In some embodiments , at AOS2 gene is SEO ID NO : 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 15 least two mutated AOS2 genes / alleles of a Bintje potato or 22 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 48 or 50 . Bintje potato cell have a C at position 692 . In some In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi- embodiments , at least three mutated AOS2 genes /alleles of ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , the plant a Bintje potato or Bintje potato cell have a C at position 692 . or plant cell includes a mutated AOS2 gene having an A at In some embodiments , at least four mutated AOS2 genes / position 692 . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell 20 alleles of a Bintje potato or Bintje potato cell have a C at is a polyploidy. In some embodiments, at least one mutated position 692 . In some embodiments, the gene ( s ) /allele ( s ) are AOS2 gene /allele of a polyploid plant has a C at position not a transgene ( s ). In some embodiments, the AOS2 gene is 692. In some embodiments , at least two mutated AOS2 SEQ ID NO : 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 14, 16 , 18, 20 , 22, 24 , 26 , 28 , genes/ alleles of a polyploid plant have a C at position 692 . 30 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 48 or 50 . In some embodiments , at least three mutated AOS2 genes / 25 In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi alleles of a polyploid plant have a C at position 692 . In some ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , the plant embodiments , at least four mutated AOS2 genes /alleles of a or plant cell is tetraploid . In some embodiments , the tetra polyploid plant have a C at position 692 . In some embodi- ploid plant or plant cell includes mutations in AOS2 ments, at least five mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles of a poly - gene ( s )/ allele ( s ) that produce a genotype ofAAAA /CCCC at ploid plant have a C at position 692. In some embodiments , 30 nucleotide positions corresponding to 691 /692 of SEQ ID at least six mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles of a polyploid plant NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a tetraploid plant or plant cell have a C at position 692 . In some embodiments , at least includes mutations in AOS2 gene ( s )/ allele (s ) that produce a seven mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles of a polyploid plant have genotype of AAAG / CCCG at nucleotide positions corre a C at position 692 . In some embodiments , at least eight sponding to 691 /692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodi mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles of a polyploid plant have a C at 35 ments, a tetraploid plant or plant cell includes mutations in position 692 . In some embodiments, at least nine mutated AOS2 gene( s ) /allele (s ) that produce a genotype of AAGG / AOS2 genes/ alleles of a polyploid plant have a C at position CCCG at nucleotide positions corresponding to 691/ 692 of 692 . In some embodiments , at least ten mutated AOS2 SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a tetraploid plant or genes/ alleles of a polyploid plant have a C at position 692 . plant cell includes mutations in AOS2 gene ( s )/ allele ( s ) that In some embodiments , the gene ( s ) / allele (s ) are not a trans - 40 produce a genotype of AAAG /CCGG at nucleotide positions gene( s ). In some embodiments, the AOS2 gene is SEQ ID corresponding to 691 /692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some NO : 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 32 , embodiments , a tetraploid plant or plant cell includes muta 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 48 or 50 . tions in AOS2 gene ( s ) /allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi AAGG /CCGG at nucleotide positions corresponding to 691 / ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a potato 45 692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a tetraploid or potato cell includes a mutated AOS2 gene having a C at plant or plant cell includes mutations in AOS2 gene ( s ) position 692 . In some embodiments, at least one mutated allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of AAAG /CCCG at AOS2 gene/ allele of a potato or potato cell has a C at nucleotide positions corresponding to 691/ 692 of SEQ ID position 692 . In some embodiments, at least two mutated NO : 2 . In some embodiments, a tetraploid plant or plant cell AOS2 genes /alleles of a potato or potato cell have a C at 50 includes mutations in AOS2 gene ( s ) /allele ( s ) that produce a position 692 . In some embodiments, at least three mutated genotype of AAGG /CCCG at nucleotide positions corre AOS2 genes /alleles of a potato or potato cell have a C at sponding to 691/ 692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodi position 692 . In some embodiments, at least four mutated ments , a tetraploid plant or plant cell includes mutations in AOS2 genes/ alleles of a potato or potato cell have a C at AOS2 gene( s ) /allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of AAAG / position 692 . In some embodiments , the gene ( s )/ allele ( s ) are 55 CCGG at nucleotide positions corresponding to 691 /692 of not a transgene( s ) . In some embodiments , the AOS2 gene is SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a tetraploid plant or SEO ID NO : 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 28 , plant cell includes mutations in AOS2 gene ( s )/ allele ( s ) that 30 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 48 or 50 . produce a genotype of AAGG / CCGG at nucleotide positions In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi- corresponding to 691/ 692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a 60 embodiments , a tetraploid plant or plant cell includes muta Desiree potato or Desiree potato cell includes a mutated tions in AOS2 gene( s ) /allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of AOS2 gene having a C at position 692 . In some embodi AAAG /CGGG at nucleotide positions corresponding to 691 / ments , at least one mutated AOS2 gene /allele of a Desiree 692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a tetraploid potato or Desiree potato cell has a C at position 692 . In some plant or plant cell includes mutations in AOS2 gene ( s ) embodiments , at least two mutated AOS2 genes/ alleles of a 65 allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of AAGG /CGGG at Desiree potato or Desiree potato cell have a C at position nucleotide positions corresponding to 691 /692 of SEQ ID 692 . In some embodiments , at least three mutated AOS2 NO : 2 . In some embodiments, a tetraploid plant or plant cell US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 includes mutations in AOS2 gene ( s ) /allele ( s ) that produce a produce a genotype of AGGG /GGGG at nucleotide posi genotype of AGGG / CGGG at nucleotide positions corre tions corresponding to 691 /692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some sponding to 691/ 692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodi embodiments , a potato plant or potato cell includes muta ments , a tetraploid plant or plant cell includes mutations in tions in AOS2 gene( s )/ allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of AOS2 gene ( s ) / allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of AAGG / 5 GGGG /GGGG at nucleotide positions corresponding to GGGG at nucleotide positions corresponding to 691/ 692 of 691/ 692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In certain embodiments , the SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a tetraploid plant or potato is a Desiree potato . In certain embodiments , the plant cell includes mutations in AOS2 gene ( s ) /allele ( s ) that potato is a Bintje potato In some embodiments , the plant or produce a genotype of AGGG /GGGG at nucleotide posi- plant cell is non - transgenic . In some embodiments , the plant tions corresponding to 691/ 692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some 10 or plant cell is transgenic . embodiments , a tetraploid plant or plant cell includes muta - In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi tions in AOS2 gene ( S ) / allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , the plant GGGG /GGGG at nucleotide positions corresponding to or plant cell is a Solanum tuberosum potato plant or plant 691 /692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodiments, the plant cell . or plant cell is non - transgenic . In some embodiments , the 15 In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , plant or plant cell is transgenic . compositions and methods disclosed herein , a plant having In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi - a plant cell that includes a mutated AOS2 gene may have a ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , the plant early , mid , mid - early or late maturity rating . In certain or plant cell is a potato plant or plant cell . In some embodi- embodiments , the plant or plant cell is non - transgenic . In ments, the potato plant or potato cell includes mutations in 20 certain embodiments , the plant or plant cell is transgenic . In AOS2 gene ( s ) / allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of AAAA certain embodiments , a plant or plant cell includes a muta CCCC at nucleotide positions corresponding to 691/ 692 of tion in the coding sequence of the AOS2 gene . In certain SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a potato plant or embodiments , a plant or plant cell includes a mutation in the potato cell includes mutations in AOS2 gene( s ) /allele ( s ) that non - coding sequence of the AOS2 gene . In certain embodi produce a genotype of AAAG / CCCG at nucleotide positions 25 ments , a plant or plant cell includes a mutation upstream of corresponding to 691/ 692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some the AOS2 gene coding sequence . embodiments , a potato plant or potato cell includes muta - As used herein , the term “ gene ” refers to a DNA sequence tions in AOS2 gene (s ) /allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of that includes control and coding sequences necessary for the AAGG / CCCG at nucleotide positions corresponding to 691/ production of an RNA , which may have a non - coding 692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a tetraploid 30 function ( e . g ., a ribosomal or transfer RNA ) or which may potato plant or potato cell includes mutations in AOS2 include a polypeptide or a polypeptide precursor. The RNA gene (s )/ allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of AAAG /CCGG or polypeptide may be encoded by a full length coding at nucleotide positions corresponding to 691 /692 of SEQ ID sequence or by any portion of the coding sequence so long NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a potato plant or potato cell as the desired activity or function is retained . The term includes mutations in AOS2 gene ( s ) /allele ( s ) that produce a 35 " gene ” also refers and encompasses the respective alleles of genotype of AAGG /CCGG at nucleotide positions corre - the plant cultivar or plant line . sponding to 691 /692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodi- An allele is one of several alternative forms of a gene or ments , a potato plant or potato cell includes mutations in nucleotide sequence at a specific variation at a given posi AOS2 gene ( s )/ allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of AAAGI tion within the nucleic acid sample . An allele may be CCCG at nucleotide positions corresponding to 691/ 692 of 40 represented by one or more base changes at a given locus SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a potato plant or ( e . g ., a SNP ) . For example , at each autosomal locus a diploid potato cell includes mutations in AOS2 gene ( s ) /allele ( s ) that individual possesses 2 alleles , one maternally inherited , the produce a genotype of AAGG /CCCG atnucleotide positions other paternally . corresponding to 691 /692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some As used herein , the term “ pathogen ” refers to an infec embodiments , a potato plant or potato cell includes muta - 45 tious agent that causes disease in its host. In certain embodi tions in AOS2 gene ( s )/ allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of ments , a pathogen is Phytophthora infestans. AAAG /CCGG at nucleotide positions corresponding to 691 ] As used herein , the term " coding sequence” refers to a 692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a potato plant sequence of a nucleic acid or its complement, or a part or potato cell includes mutations in AOS2 gene ( s )/ allele ( s ) thereof, that can be transcribed and / or translated to produce that produce a genotype of AAGG /CCGG at nucleotide 50 the mRNA for and / or the polypeptide or a fragment thereof. positions corresponding to 691 /692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In Coding sequences include exons in a genomic DNA or some embodiments , a potato plant or potato cell includes immature primary RNA transcripts , which are joined mutations in AOS2 gene ( s ) /allele ( s ) that produce a genotype together by the cell ' s biochemical machinery to provide a of AAAG /CGGG at nucleotide positions corresponding to mature mRNA . The anti - sense strand is the complement of 691/ 692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a potato 55 such a nucleic acid , and the encoding sequence can be plant or potato cell includes mutations in AOS2 gene( s )/ deduced therefrom . allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of AAGG /CGGG at As used herein , the term " non -coding sequence ” refers to nucleotide positions corresponding to 691/ 692 of SEQ ID a sequence of a nucleic acid or its complement, or a part NO : 2 . In some embodiments, a potato plant or potato cell thereof, that is not transcribed into amino acid in vivo , or includes mutations in AOS2 gene (s ) /allele ( s ) that produce a 60 where tRNA does not interact to place or attempt to place an genotype of AGGG / CGGG at nucleotide positions corre - amino acid . Non - coding sequences include both intron sponding to 691 /692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodi- sequences in genomic DNA or immature primary RNA ments , a potato plant or potato cell includes mutations in transcripts , and gene -associated sequences such as promot AOS2 gene ( s )/ allele ( s ) that produce a genotype of AAGGI ers , enhancers , silencers , etc . GGGG at nucleotide positions corresponding to 691/ 692 of 65 Anucleobase is a base, which in certain preferred embodi SEQ ID NO : 2 . In some embodiments , a potato plant or ments is a purine , pyrimidine , or a derivative or analog potato cell includes mutations in AOS2 gene (s )/ allele (s ) that thereof. Nucleosides are nucleobases that contain a pentose US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 23 24 furanosyl moiety , e. g . , an optionally substituted riboside or or the signal to stop protein synthesis . The term " codon ” is 2 ' -deoxyriboside . Nucleosides can be linked by one of also used to refer to the corresponding ( and complementary ) several linkage moieties, which may or may not contain sequences of three nucleotides in the messenger RNA into phosphorus . Nucleosides that are linked by unsubstituted which the original DNA is transcribed . phosphodiester linkages are termed nucleotides . The term 5 As used herein , the term " wild -type ” refers to a gene or “ nucleobase ” as used herein includes peptide nucleobases, a gene product that has the characteristics of that gene or the subunits of peptide nucleic acids , and morpholine nucle - gene product when isolated from a naturally occurring obases as well as nucleosides and nucleotides. source . A wild -type gene is that which is most frequently An oligonucleobase is a polymer comprising nucleobases ; observed in a population and is thus arbitrarily designated preferably at least a portion of which can hybridize by 10 the “ normal” or “ wild - type " form of the gene . “ Wild - type” Watson -Crick base pairing to a DNA having the comple - may also refer to the sequence at a specific nucleotide mentary sequence. An oligonucleobase chain may have a position or positions, or the sequence at a particular codon single 5 ' and 3 ' terminus, which are the ultimate nucleobases position or positions, or the sequence at a particular amino of the polymer . A particular oligonucleobase chain can acid position or positions . contain nucleobases of all types. An oligonucleobase com - 15 As used herein , the term “ mutant, ” or “ modified ” refers to pound is a compound comprising one or more oligonucle - a nucleic acid or protein which displays modifications in obase chains that may be complementary and hybridize by sequence and or functional properties ( i. e ., altered charac Watson - Crick base pairing . Ribo - type nucleobases include teristics) when compared to the wild -type gene or gene pentosefuranosyl containing nucleobases wherein the 2 ' car - product. “ Mutant, ” or “ modified ” also refers to the sequence bon is a methylene substituted with a hydroxyl, alkyloxy or 20 at a specific nucleotide position or positions, or the sequence halogen . Deoxyribo - type nucleobases are nucleobases other at a particular codon position or positions, or the sequence than ribo - type nucleobases and include all nucleobases that at a particular amino acid position or positions which do not contain a pentosefuranosylmoiety . displays modifications in sequence and or functional prop In certain embodiments , an oligonucleobase strand may erties ( i. e ., altered characteristics ) when compared to the include both oligonucleobase chains and segments or 25 wild - type gene or gene product. regions of oligonucleobase chains. An oligonucleobase As used herein , the term “ homology ” refers to sequence strand may have a 3 ' end and a 5 ' end , and when an similarity among proteins and DNA . The term “ homology " oligonucleobase strand is coextensive with a chain , the 3 ' or “ homologous ” refers to a degree of identity . There may be and 5 ' ends of the strand are also 3 ' and 5 ' termini of the partial homology or complete homology. A partially chain . 30 homologous sequence is one that has less than 100 % As used herein , the term " gene repair oligonucleobase ” or sequence identity when compared to another sequence . “ GRON ” refers to oligonucleobases, including mixed As used herein , the term " heterozygous” refers to having duplex oligonucleotides , non - nucleotide containing mol different alleles at one or more genetic loci in homologous ecules, single stranded oligodeoxynucleotides and other chromosome segments. As used herein " heterozygous” may gene repair molecules. 35 also refer to a sample , a cell, a cell population or an organism As used herein , the term “ isolated ” when referring to a in which different alleles at one or more genetic locimay be nucleic acid (e .g ., an oligonucleotide such as RNA , DNA , or detected . Heterozygous samples may also be determined via a mixed polymer ) , refers to a nucleic acid that is apart from methods known in the art such as, e . g . , nucleic acid sequenc a substantial portion of the genome in which it naturally ing. For example , if a sequencing electropherogram shows occurs and/ or is substantially separated from other cellular 40 two peaks at a single locus and both peaks are roughly the components which naturally accompany such nucleic acid . same size , the sample may be characterized as heterozygous . For example , any nucleic acid that has been produced Or, if one peak is smaller than another , but is at least about synthetically ( e . g . , by serial base condensation ) is consid - 25 % the size of the larger peak , the sample may be charac ered to be isolated . Likewise , nucleic acids that are recom terized as heterozygous . In some embodiments , the smaller binantly expressed , cloned , produced by a primer extension 45 peak is at least about 15 % of the larger peak . In certain reaction (e . g ., PCR ), or otherwise excised from a genome embodiments , the smaller peak is at least about 10 % of the are also considered to be isolated . larger peak . In certain embodiments , the smaller peak is at As used herein , the term “ amino acid sequence ” refers to least about 5 % of the larger peak . In certain embodiments , a polypeptide or protein sequence . The convention a minimal amount of the smaller peak is detected . " AAwt# # # AAmut is used to indicate a mutation that results 50 As used herein , “ homozygous” refers to having identical in the wild -type amino acid AAwt at position # # # in the alleles at one or more genetic loci in homologous chromo polypeptide being replaced with mutant AAmut. some segments . “ Homozygous” may also refer to a sample , As used herein , the term " complement” refers to the a cell , a cell population or an organism in which the same complementary sequence to a nucleic acid according to alleles at one or more genetic loci may be detected . standard Watson /Crick pairing rules . A complement 55 Homozygous samples may be determined via methods sequence can also be a sequence of RNA complementary to known in the art, such as, e . g . , nucleic acid sequencing . For the DNA sequence or its complement sequence, and can also example , if a sequencing electropherogram shows a single be a cDNA . peak at a particular locus , the sample may be termed As used herein , the term “ substantially complementary ” “ homozygous " with respect to that locus. refers to two sequences that hybridize under near stringent 60 The term “ hemizygous” refers to a gene or gene segment hybridization conditions . The skilled artisan will understand being present only once in the genotype of a cell or an that substantially complementary sequences need not organism because the second allele is deleted . As used hybridize along their entire length . herein “ hemizygous ” may also refer to a sample , a cell, a cell As used herein , the term " codon ” refers to a sequence of population or an organism in which an allele at one or more three adjacent nucleotides ( either RNA or DNA ) constituting 65 genetic loci may be detected only once in the genotype . the genetic code that determines the addition of a specific The term “ zygosity status” as used herein refers to a amino acid in a polypeptide chain during protein synthesis sample , a cell population , or an organism as appearing US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 25 26 heterozygous, homozygous , or hemizygous as determined FIG . 23 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum by testing methods known in the art and described herein . AOS2 protein , allele CB7 (SEQ ID NO : 23 ) . The term “ zygosity status of a nucleic acid ” means deter FIG . 24 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero mining whether the source of nucleic acid appears heterozy - sum AOS2 gene , allele CB7 (SEQ ID NO : 24 ). gous , homozygous , or hemizygous. The “ zygosity status" 5 FIG . 25 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum may refer to differences in a single nucleotide in a sequence . AOS2 protein , allele CB8 (SEQ ID NO : 25 ) . In some methods , the zygosity status of a sample with FIG . 26 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero respect to a single mutation may be categorized as homozy - sum AOS2 gene , allele CB8 (SEQ ID NO : 26 ) . gous wild -type , heterozygous ( i. e ., one wild - type allele and FIG . 27 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum one mutant allele ) , homozygous mutant, or hemizygous ( i . e ., 10 AOS2 protein , allele CB9 ( SEQ ID NO : 27 ) . a single copy of either the wild - type or mutant allele ) . FIG . 28 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero The term “ about” as used herein means in quantitative sum AOS2 gene , allele CB9 (SEQ ID NO : 28 ) . terms plus or minus 10 % . For example , " about 3 % " would FIG . 29 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum encompass 2 . 7 - 3 . 3 % and “ about 10 % ” would encompass AOS2 protein , allele CB10 (SEQ ID NO : 29 ). 9 - 11 % . Moreover, where “ about" is used herein in conjunc - 15 FIG . 30 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero tion with a quantitative term it is understood that in addition sum AOS2 gene, allele CB10 (SEO ID NO : 30 ) . to the value plus or minus 10 % , the exact value of the FIG . 31 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum quantitative term is also contemplated and described . For AOS2 protein , allele CB11 (SEQ ID NO : 31) . example , the term “ about 3 % ” expressly contemplates , FIG . 32 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero describes and includes exactly 3 % . 20 sum AOS2 gene, allele CB11 (SEQ ID NO : 32 ) . FIG . 33 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES AOS2 protein , allele CB12 (SEQ ID NO : 33 ) . FIG . 34 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero FIG . 1 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum sum AOS2 gene , allele CB12 (SEQ ID NO : 34 ) . AOS2 protein , allele 1 (SEQ ID NO : 1 ) . 25 FIG . 35 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum FIG . 2 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum AOS2 protein , allele CB13 (SEQ ID NO : 35 ) . AOS2 gene, allele 1 (SEQ ID NO : 2 ). FIG . 36 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero FIG . 3 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum sum AOS2 gene , allele CB13 (SEQ ID NO : 36 ) . AOS2 protein , allele 6 (SEQ ID NO : 3 ) . FIG . 37 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum FIG . 4 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum 30 AOS2 protein , allele CB14 (SEQ ID NO : 37 ) . AOS2 gene , allele 6 ( SEQ ID NO : 4 ) . FIG . 38 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero FIG . 5 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum sum AOS2 gene , allele CB14 ( SEQ ID NO : 38 ). AOS2 protein , allele 7 (SEQ ID NO : 5 ) . FIG . 39 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum FIG . 6 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum AOS2 protein , allele CB15 (SEQ ID NO : 39 ) . AOS2 gene , allele 7 ( SEQ ID NO : 6 ). 35 FIG . 40 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero FIG . 7 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum sum AOS2 gene , allele CB15 ( SEQ ID NO : 40 ) . AOS2 protein , allele 8 (SEQ ID NO : 7 ) . FIG . 41 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum FIG . 8 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum AOS2 protein , allele CB16 (SEQ ID NO : 41 ) . AOS2 gene , allele 8 (SEQ ID NO : 8 ). FIG . 42 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero FIG . 9 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum 40 sum AOS2 gene , allele CB16 (SEQ ID NO : 42 ) . AOS2 protein , allele 12 ( SEQ ID NO : 9 ) . FIG . 43 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum FIG . 10 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero - AOS2 protein , allele CB17 (SEQ ID NO : 43 ) . sum AOS2 gene , allele 12 (SEQ ID NO : 10 ) . FIG . 44 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero FIG . 11 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum sum AOS2 gene, allele CB17 (SEQ ID NO : 44 ). AOS2 protein , allele CB1 (SEQ ID NO : 11 ). 45 FIG . 45 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum FIG . 12 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero - AOS2 protein , allele CB18 (SEQ ID NO : 45 ) . sum AOS2 gene, allele CB1 (SEQ ID NO : 12 ). FIG . 46 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero FIG . 13 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum sum AOS2 gene , allele CB18 ( SEQ ID NO : 46 ). AOS2 protein , allele CB2 (SEQ ID NO : 13 ) . FIG . 47 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum FIG . 14 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero - 50 AOS2 protein , allele CB19 (SEQ ID NO : 47 ) . sum AOS2 gene , allele CB2 (SEQ ID NO : 14 ) . FIG . 48 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero FIG . 15 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum sum AOS2 gene , allele CB19 (SEQ ID NO : 48 ) . AOS2 protein , allele CB3 (SEQ ID NO : 15 ). FIG . 49 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum FIG . 16 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero AOS2 protein , allele CB20 (SEQ ID NO : 49 ). sum AOS2 gene , allele CB3 (SEQ ID NO : 16 ). 55 FIG . 50 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero FIG . 17 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum sum AOS2 gene , allele CB20 (SEQ ID NO : 50 ) . AOS2 protein , allele CB4 (SEQ ID NO : 17 ). FIG . 18 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE sum AOS2 gene, allele CB4 (SEQ ID NO : 18 ). INVENTION FIG . 19 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum 60 AOS2 protein , allele CB5 (SEQ ID NO : 19 ) . Allene Oxidase Synthase Proteins FIG . 20 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero Allene oxide synthase 2 ( AOS2 ) proteins belong to sum AOS2 gene, allele CB5 (SEQ ID NO : 20 ). cytochrome P450 superfamily and comprise the CYP74 FIG . 21 is the amino acid sequence of Solanum tuberosum group specialized in the metabolism of hydroperoxides . AOS2 protein , allele CB6 ( SEQ ID NO : 21 ) . 65 These proteins act in the plant oxylipin biosynthesis path FIG . 22 is the nucleic acid sequence of Solanum tubero - way which is important for generating substances that play sum AOS2 gene, allele CB6 (SEQ ID NO : 22 ). important roles in a variety of plant stress and developmen US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 27 28 tal processes including pathogen / insect attack as well as Comparison of the amino acid sequence of the five plant fertility . Hughes et al ., Chembiochem 10 : 1122 (2009 ) . different alleles revealed the presence ofmultiple amino acid These enzymes are coded by three distinct genes AOS1, 2 differences along the otherwise highly conserved sequence and 3 , which catalyze the respective production of C6 of the AOS2 gene alleles. Twenty five amino acid variations aldehydes , Jasmonic acid (JA ) and C9 aldehydes . AOS1 and 5 and one InDel ( insertion / deletion polymorphism ) are present AOS2 are chloroplast located enzymes while the expression in the five alleles with five amino acids (N76D , V289S , of AOS3 is reported to be confined to below ground organs V292A , M328L and T495K ) and the InDel being specific to in potato . Stumpe et al. , Plant J 47 : 883 (2006 ) . All three are the “ resistant” alleles based on numbering of the susceptible unusual cytochrome P450 proteins , which do not bind allele StAOS2 - 7 ( SEQ ID NO : 5 ) . No amino acid variation molecular oxygen but use already oxygenated fatty acid 10 was specific to the “ susceptible ” alleles. Three substitutions hydroperoxide substrates as the oxygen donor. Schaller and (Y145F , T2311 / G and K394T) occurred in the neutral allele . Stintzi, Phytochemistry 70 : 1532 (2009 ) . AOS2 protein cata - Pajerowska et al ., Planta 228 :293 ( 2008 ). lyzes the determinate step in Jasmonic acid (JA ) formation The amino acid changes T495K and N76D are in close in plants . Jasmonic acid is well known for its important role proximity to the active site . F256V polymorphism between in plant defense induction in response to plant wounding and 15 StAOS2 - 1 and StAOS2 -6 is proposed to explain the slight pathogen attack . inferior performance of StAOS2 - 6 based on its location Allene Oxidase Synthase 2 (AOS2 ) Alleles and SNPs relative to the substrate binding pocket. In addition , Y145F Associated with Pathogen Resistance and / or Tolerance of the neutral allele may contribute towards its intermediary AOS2 gene product is known as Allene Oxide Synthase 2 activity profile since this residue is adjacent to the active site and catalyzes the conversion of hydroperoxides to allene 20 Pajerowska -Mukhtar et al. , Planta 228 : 293 (2008 ). oxide, the committed step in jasmonic acid ( JA ) biosynthe - An evaluation of the field resistance of potato cultivars to sis . Jasmonic acid and its derivatives collectively known as Pi revealed the AOS2 gene to be an important locus that jasmonates are key signaling molecules involved in the governs the resistance phenotype of certain cultivars Paje induction of plant defense reactions in response to pathogen rowska -Mukhtar et al. , Genetics 181 : 1115 (2009 ) . Two attack or wounding. Loss of JA production or sensitivity to 25 SNPs, StAOS2 _ SNP691 ( A ) and StAOS2 _ SNP692 ( C ) are it, results in the enhanced disease susceptibility of plants — correlated with field resistance ( rAUDPC value of 0 . 15 e . g ., Arabidopsis coil mutants ( Feys et al. , Plant Cell. which indicates very low disease establishment ). In this 6 (5 ): 751 -759 ( 1994 ) ) . In potato , JA application inhibits study , the most resistant genotype to late blight had the sporangial germination and mycelial growth of Phy - homozygous AAAA /CCCC genotype and a positive corre tophthora infestans (Pi ) . The Solanum tuberosum AOS2 30 lation was observed with the degree of deviation from this ( StAOS2 ) gene is mapped to a quantitative resistance locus and the severity of late blight development. These two SNPs ( QRL ) on the potato chromosome XI that harbors the R3a are also reported to be associated with plant maturity ( PM ) . resistance gene that acts in the race specific disease resis - In general, a positive correlation exists between potato tance against Pi. Pajerowska et al. , Planta 228 :293 ( 2008 ) . In maturity rating ( early vs. late maturing cultivars ) and Pi addition , silencing of the AOS2 gene in potato led to highly 35 resistance . Wastie RL , Adv Plant Pathology 7 : 193 ( 1999 ) . reduced levels of jasmonic acid in wounded plants and However, those individuals homozygous for the A and C increased lesion development when infected with Pi. (Paje alleles fall into the mid - early maturity class thus separating rowska- Mukhtar et al. , 2008 , Planta 228 : 293 (2008 ). them from the highly undesired late maturity phenotype. StAOS2 gene complemented an AOS2 gene knock out line Pajerowska- Mukhtar et al ., Genetics 181 : 1115 (2009 ) . of Arabidopsis thaliana which lacked JA and this comple - 40 Solanum tuberosum is a quite heterozygous tetraploid , mented plant line , when compared to the gene deleted line , which makes it difficult to transfer desirable traits between exhibited enhanced resistance to a bacterial pathogen of cultivars for expression in progeny. In addition , some spe Arabidopsis . (Pajerowska -Mukhtar et al. , 2008 ) . cies of Solanum with natural resistance to insect pests and Sequences of five AOS2 alleles originating from diploid diseases, such as several found in Peru and Central America , potato utilized in pre -breeding populations are known. Paje - 45 are diploid and are not easily bred with the tetraploid rowska et al ., ( 2008 ) ; Pajerowska -Mukhtar et al. , Genetics Solanum tuberosum . The autotetraploid genomeand asexual 181: 1115 ( 2009) . These five different alleles are categorized propagation used to breed potatoes creates challenges in into three groups , “ resistant" (StAOS2 - 1 , StAOS2 - 6 ), “ neu developing new cultivars with desired traits . Resistance tral” ( StAOS2 - 12 ) and “ susceptible " (StAOS2 - 7 , StAOS2 - traits demonstrated in diploid species , e . g ., Solanum bulbo 8 ). In the above mentioned published studies , two popula - 50 castanum , are inaccessible for breeding because the species tions of F1 progenies of heterozygous parent lines were has an endosperm balance number of 1 compared to S . categorized as quantitative resistant, quantitative neutral and tuberosum has an endosperm balance number of 4 . quantitative susceptible according to late blight develop The use of RTDSTM in potatoes has some of the advan ment. Later , these categories were linked with the specific tages of transgenic genetic engineering over traditional alleles of StAOS2 gene listed above . Complementation 55 breeding . RTDSTM allows manipulation of the endogenous analyses of the Arabidopsis JA deficient mutant with the AOS2 genes, eliminating the need for backcrossing required StAOS2 alleles resulted in restoring JA production (and to remove undesirable traits in traditionalbreeding . RTDSTM 12 -oxo -phytodienoate (OPDA ) reductase , an intermediate in allows introduction of mutations in genes conferring resis JA biosynthesis ) . Additionally , complementation by " resis - tance and /or tolerance demonstrated by other species that do tant” alleles led to a 10 -fold increase in JA production 60 not have a compatible ploidy with S . tuberosum . In addition , compared to the levels produced by the “ susceptible ” alleles . RTDSTM has advantages over transgenic genetic engineer The “ neutral” allele had intermediate levels of JA and ing . RTDSTM is capable of manipulating the endogenous OPDA . Additionally , a pathogen assay utilizing Erwinia genes, as opposed to introducing a foreign transgene. carotovora ssp . carotovora on these complemented Arabi - Rapid Trait Development System (RTDSTM ) dopsis lines corroborated the JA production profile by exhib - 65 In any of the various aspects and embodiments of the iting 10 times more bacterial growth in plants complemented compositions and methods disclosed herein , mutations in with the “ susceptible ” alleles than by the “ resistant” alleles . genes and proteinsmay be made using , e. g . , the Rapid Trait US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 29 30 Development System (RTDSTM ) technology developed by Patent Publication Nos . WO 98/ 49350 ; WO 99 /07865 ; WO Cibus . In combination or alone, plants containing any of the 99 / 58723 ; WO 99 /58702 ; and WO 99/ 40789 , which are each mutations disclosed herein can form the basis of new hereby incorporated in their entirety . pathogen resistant and /or tolerant products . Also provided In one embodiment, the gene repair oligonucleobase is a are seeds/ vegetative material produced from the mutated 5 mixed duplex oligonucleotide (MDON ) in which the RNA plants in which the AOS2 genes are either homozygous or type nucleotides of the mixed duplex oligonucleotide are heterozygous for the mutations . The mutations disclosed made RNase resistant by replacing the 2 '- hydroxyl with a herein can be in combination with any other mutation known fluoro , chloro or bromo functionality or by placing a sub or with mutations discovered in the future . stituent on the 2 - 0 . Suitable substituents include the sub In some embodiments, RTDSTM is based on altering a 10 stituents taught by the Kmiec II . Alternative substituents targeted gene by utilizing the cell ' s own gene repair system include the substituents taught by U . S . Pat . No . 5 , 334 , 711 to specifically modify the gene sequence in situ and not (Sproat ) and the substituents taught by patent publications insert foreign DNA and gene expression control sequences. EP 629 387 and EP 679 657 ( collectively , the Martin This procedure may effect a precise change in the genetic Applications ), which are hereby incorporated by reference . sequence while the rest of the genome is left unaltered . In 15 As used herein , a 2 - fluoro , chloro or bromo derivative of a contrast to conventional transgenic GMOs, there is no ribonucleotide or a ribonucleotide having a 2 -OH substi integration of foreign genetic material, nor is any foreign tuted with a substituent described in the Martin Applications genetic material left in the plant. In many embodiments, the or Sproat is termed a “ 2 ' -Substituted Ribonucleotide. ” As changes in the genetic sequence introduced by RTDSTM are used herein the term “ RNA - type nucleotide ” means a 2 '- hy not randomly inserted . Since affected genes remain in their 20 droxyl or 2 - Substituted Nucleotide that is linked to other native location , no random , uncontrolled or adverse pattern nucleotides of a mixed duplex oligonucleotide by an unsub of expression occurs . stituted phosphodiester linkage or any of the non -natural The RTDSTM process is carried out using a chemically linkages taught by Kmiec I or Kmiec II. As used herein the synthesized oligonucleotide ( a gene repair oligonucleobase term " deoxyribo - type nucleotide” means a nucleotide hav (GRON ) ) which may be composed of both DNA and modi- 25 ing a 2 - H , which can be linked to other nucleotides of a gene fied RNA bases as well as other chemical moieties, and is repair oligonucleobase by an unsubstituted phosphodiester designed to hybridize at the targeted gene location to create linkage or any of the non -natural linkages taught by Kmiec a mismatched base -pair (s ). This mismatched base - pair acts I or Kmiec II . as a signal to attract the cell 's own natural gene repair in a particular embodiment of the present invention , the system to that site and correct ( replace , insert or delete ) the 30 gene repair oligonucleobase is a mixed duplex oligonucle designated nucleotide ( s ) within the gene . Once the correc otides (MDON ) that is linked solely by unsubstituted phos tion process is complete the GRON molecule is degraded phodiester bonds. In alternative embodiments , the linkage is and the now - modified or repaired gene continues to be by substituted phosphodiesters, phosphodiester derivatives expressed under that gene ' s normal endogenous control and non -phosphorus - based linkages as taught by Kmiec II . mechanisms. 35 In yet another embodiment , each RNA - type nucleotide in Gene Repair Oligonucleobases (“ GRON ” ) themixed duplex oligonucleotide is a 2 ' - Substituted Nucleo The methods and compositions disclosed herein can be tide . Particular preferred embodiments of 2 '- Substituted practiced or made with " gene repair oligonucleobases” for Ribonucleotides are 2 '- fluoro , 2 - methoxy, 2 ' -propyloxy , example , having the conformations and chemistries as 2' - allyloxy, 2' - hydroxylethyloxy , 2 -methoxyethyloxy , described in detail below . The " gene repair oligonucle - 40 2' - fluoropropyloxy and 2 '- trifluoropropyloxy substituted obases” as contemplated herein have also been described in ribonucleotides . More preferred embodiments of 2 ' - Substi published scientific and patent literature using other names tuted Ribonucleotides are 2 - fluoro , 2 -methoxy , 2 ' -methoxy including “ recombinagenic oligonucleobases; ” “ RNA /DNA ethyloxy, and 2 ' - allyloxy substituted nucleotides . In another chimeric oligonucleotides; " " chimeric oligonucleotides ; " embodiment the mixed duplex oligonucleotide is linked by " mixed duplex oligonucleotides ” (MDONs ) ; “ RNA DNA 45 unsubstituted phosphodiester bonds. oligonucleotides ( RDOs) ; " “ gene targeting oligonucle - Although mixed duplex oligonucleotides (MDONs ) hav otides; " “ genoplasts ; " " single stranded modified oligonucle - ing only a single type of 2 ' - substituted RNA - type nucleotide otides; " " single stranded oligodeoxynucleotide mutational are more conveniently synthesized , the methods of the vectors” (SSOMVs ) ; “ duplex mutational vectors ; ” and “ het invention can be practiced with mixed duplex oligonucle eroduplex mutational vectors .” 50 otides having two or more types of RNA - type nucleotides . Oligonucleobases having the conformations and chemis - The function of an RNA segment may not be affected by an tries described in U . S . Pat. No. 5 , 565 ,350 by Kmiec (Kmiec interruption caused by the introduction of a deoxynucleotide I ) and U . S . Pat . No . 5 ,731 , 181 by Kmiec (Kmiec II ), hereby between two RNA - type trinucleotides, accordingly , the term incorporated by reference , are suitable for use as " gene RNA segment encompasses terms such as “ interrupted RNA repair oligonucleobases” of the present disclosure . The gene 55 segment. ” An uninterrupted RNA segment is termed a repair oligonucleobases in Kmiec I and / or Kmiec II contain contiguous RNA segment. In an alternative embodiment an two complementary strands , one of which contains at least RNA segment can contain alternating RNase - resistant and one segment of RNA - type nucleotides (an “ RNA segment” ) unsubstituted 2 - OH nucleotides . The mixed duplex oligo that are base paired to DNA - type nucleotides of the other nucleotides preferably have fewer than 100 nucleotides and strand . 60 more preferably fewer than 85 nucleotides, but more than 50 Kmiec II discloses that purine and pyrimidine base nucleotides. The first and second strands are Watson -Crick containing non -nucleotides can be substituted for nucleo base paired . In one embodiment the strands of the mixed tides . Additional gene repair molecules that can be used for duplex oligonucleotide are covalently bonded by a linker, the present invention are described in U . S . Pat. Nos . 5 ,756 , such as a single stranded hexa , penta or tetranucleotide so 325 ; 5 , 871, 984 ; 5 ,760 ,012 ; 5 ,888 , 983 ; 5 ,795 , 972 ; 5 ,780 , 65 that the first and second strands are segments of a single 296 ; 5 , 945 , 339 ; 6 ,004 , 804 ; and 6 ,010 , 907 and in Interna - oligonucleotide chain having a single 3 ' and a single 5 ' end . tional Patent No. PCT/ US00 /23457 ; and in International The 3 ' and 5 ' ends can be protected by the addition of a US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 31 32 " hairpin cap” whereby the 3 ' and 5 ' terminal nucleotides are homologous with the target sequence separated by a region Watson - Crick paired to adjacent nucleotides . A second hair that contains the desired genetic alteration termed the muta pin cap can , additionally , be placed at the junction between tor region . The mutator region can have a sequence that is the first and second strands distant from the 3 and 5 ' ends, the same length as the sequence that separates the homolo so that the Watson -Crick pairing between the first and 5 gous regions in the target sequence , but having a different second strands is stabilized . sequence . Such a mutator region can cause a substitution . The first and second strands contain two regions that are homologous with two fragments of the target gene , i . e . , have Alternatively , the homologous regions in the SSOMV can be the same sequence as the target gene . A homologous region contiguous to each other, while the regions in the target gene contains the nucleotides of an RNA segment and may 10 having the same sequence are separated by one, two or more contain one or more DNA - type nucleotides of connecting nucleotides. Such an SSOMV causes a deletion from the DNA segment and may also contain DNA - type nucleotides target gene of the nucleotides that are absent from the that are not within the intervening DNA segment. The two SSOMV. Lastly , the sequence of the target gene that is regions of homology are separated by , and each is adjacent identical to the homologous regions may be adjacent in the to , a region having a sequence that differs from the sequence 15 target gene but separated by one , two, or more nucleotides of the target gene , termed a “ heterologous region .” The in the sequence of the SSOMV. Such an SSOMV causes an heterologous region can contain one, two or three or more insertion in the sequence of the target gene. mismatched nucleotides. The mismatched nucleotides can The nucleotides of the SSOMV are deoxyribonucleotides be contiguous or alternatively can be separated by one , two, that are linked by unmodified phosphodiester bonds except three , four, five , six , seven , eight, nine , ten , eleven , twelve , 20 that the 3 ' terminal and /or 5 ' terminal internucleotide linkage thirteen , fourteen or fifteen nucleotides that are homologous or alternatively the two 3 ' terminal and /or 5 ' terminal inter with the target gene . Alternatively , the heterologous region nucleotide linkages can be a phosphorothioate or phospho can also contain an insertion or one , two , three or of five or amidate . As used herein an internucleotide linkage is the fewer nucleotides . Alternatively , the sequence of the mixed linkage between nucleotides of the SSOMV and does not duplex oligonucleotide may differ from the sequence of the 25 include the linkage between the 3 ' end nucleotide or 5 ' end target gene only by the deletion of one , two , three , or five or nucleotide and a blocking substituent. In a specific embodi fewer nucleotides from the mixed duplex oligonucleotide . ment the length of the SSOMV is between 21 and 55 The length and position of the heterologous region is , in this deoxynucleotides and the lengths of the homology regions case , deemed to be the length of the deletion , even though are , accordingly , a total length of at least 20 deoxynucle no nucleotides of the mixed duplex oligonucleotide are 30 otides and at least two homology regions should each have within the heterologous region . The distance between the lengths of at least 8 deoxynucleotides . fragments of the target gene that are complementary to the The SSOMV can be designed to be complementary to two homologous regions is identical to the length of the either the coding or the non - coding strand of the target gene . heterologous region where a substitution or substitutions is When the desired mutation is a substitution of a single base , intended . When the heterologous region contains an inser - 35 it is preferred that both the mutator nucleotide and the tion , the homologous regions are thereby separated in the targeted nucleotide be a pyrimidine. To the extent that is mixed duplex oligonucleotide farther than their complemen - consistent with achieving the desired functional result , it is tary homologous fragments are in the gene , and the converse preferred that both the mutator nucleotide and the targeted is applicable when the heterologous region encodes a dele nucleotide in the complementary strand be pyrimidines. tion . 40 Particularly preferred are SSOMVs that encode transversion The RNA segments of the mixed duplex oligonucleotides mutations , i . e ., a C or T mutator nucleotide is mismatched , are each a part of a homologous region , i. e ., a region that is respectively, with a C or T nucleotide in the complementary identical in sequence to a fragment of the target gene , which strand . segments together preferably contain at least 13 RNA -type In addition to the oligodeoxynucleotide , the SSOMV can nucleotides and preferably from 16 to 25 RNA -type nucleo - 45 contain a 5 ' blocking substituent that is attached to the 5 ' tides or yet more preferably 18 - 22 RNA - type nucleotides or terminal carbons through a linker. The chemistry of the most preferably 20 nucleotides . In one embodiment, RNA linker is not critical other than its length , which should segments of the homology regions are separated by and preferably be at least 6 atoms long and that the linker should adjacent to , i. e ., " connected by an intervening DNA seg - be flexible . A variety of non -toxic substituents such as ment. In one embodiment, each nucleotide of the heterolo - 50 biotin , cholesterol or other steroids or a non - intercalating gous region is a nucleotide of the intervening DNA segment. cationic fluorescent dye can be used . Particularly preferred An intervening DNA segment that contains the heterologous reagents to make SSOMVs are the reagents sold as Cy3TM region of a mixed duplex oligonucleotide is termed a “ muta and Cy5TM by Glen Research , Sterling Va. (now GE Health tor segment. " care ) , which are blocked phosphoramidites that upon incor In another embodiment of the present disclosure , the gene 55 poration into an oligonucleotide yield 3 , 3 , 3 , 3 ' - tetramethyl repair oligonucleobase (GRON ) is a single stranded oligode - N , N ' - isopropyl substituted indomonocarbocyanine and oxynucleotide mutational vector (SSOMV ) , for example , indodicarbocyanine dyes, respectively . Cy3TM is particularly such as disclosed in International Patent Application PCT preferred . When the indocarbocyanine is N - oxyalkyl sub US2000 /23457 ; U . S . Pat. Nos. 6 , 271 ,360 ; 6 , 479 ,292 ; and stituted it can be conveniently linked to the 5 ' terminal of the 7 , 060, 500 which are incorporated by reference in their 60 oligodeoxynucleotide as a phosphodiester with a 5 ' terminal entirety . The sequence of the SSOMV is based on the same phosphate . The chemistry of the dye linker between the dye principles as the mutational vectors described in U . S . Pat. and the oligodeoxynucleotide is not critical and is chosen for Nos. 5 ,756 ,325 ; 5 ,871 , 984 ; 5 ,760 , 012 ; 5 , 888 , 983 ; 5 ,795 , synthetic convenience . When the commercially available 972; 5 ,780 ,296 ; 5 , 945 , 339 ; 6 ,004 , 804 ; and 6 ,010 , 907 and in Cy3TM phosphoramidite is used as directed , the resulting 5 International Publication Nos. WO 98 /49350 ; WO 65 modification consists of a blocking substituent and linker 99 /07865 ; WO 99 /58723 ; WO 99 / 58702 ; and WO 99 /40789 . together which are a N -hydroxypropyl , N '- phosphatidylpro The sequence of the SSOMV contains two regions that are pyl 3 ,3 ,3 ' , 3' - tetramethyl indomonocarbocyanine. US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 33 34 In a preferred embodiment the indocarbocyanine dye is niques well known to those skilled in the art . See , e . g . , tetra substituted at the 3 and 3 ' positions of the indole rings. Gallois et al. , 1996 , Methods in Molecular Biology 55 :89 Without limitations as to theory these substitutions prevent 107 , Humana Press , Totowa, N . J .; Kipp et al. , 1999 , Meth the dye from being an intercalating dye. The identity of the ods in Molecular Biology 133 : 213 -221 , Humana Press , substituents at these positions is not critical. The SSOMV 5 Totowa, N . J . The protoplasts need not be cultured in growth can in addition have a 3 ' blocking substituent. Again the media prior to electroporation . Illustrative conditions for chemistry of the 3 ' blocking substituent is not critical. electroporation are 3x10 protoplasts in a total volume of 0 . 3 The mutations herein described might also be obtained by mL with a concentration of gene repair oligonucleobase of mutagenesis ( random , somatic or directed ) and other DNA between 0 . 6 - 4 ug /mL . editing or recombination technologies including , but not 10 Protoplast PEG -Mediated DNA Uptake limited to , gene targeting using site -specific homologous In an alternative embodiment, nucleic acids are taken up recombination by zinc finger nucleases, meganucleases or by plant protoplasts in the presence of the membrane other nucleases modifying agent polyethylene glycol, according to tech Delivery of Gene Repair Oligonucleobases into Plant niques well known to those skilled in the art ( see , e . g . , Cells 15 Gharti - Chhetri et al. , Physiol. Plant. 85 :345 - 351 ( 1992 ) ; Any commonly known method used to transform a plant Datta et al. , Plant Molec . Biol . 20 :619 -629 (1992 )) . cell can be used for delivering the gene repair oligonucle Microinjection obases . Illustrative methods are described below . In an alternative embodiment, the gene repair oligonucle Microcarriers and Microfibers obases can be delivered by injecting it with a microcapillary The use of metallic microcarriers (microspheres ) for 20 into plant cells or into protoplasts ( see , e. g. , Miki B . et al. , introducing large fragments of DNA into plant cells having Meth . Cell Science 12 : 139 - 144 ( 1989) ; Schnorf M ., et al. , cellulose cell walls by projectile penetration is well known Transgen . Res . 1 : 23 - 30 ( 1991 )) . to those skilled in the relevant art (henceforth biolistic Transgenics delivery ) . U . S . Pat. Nos . 4 , 945 ,050 ; 5 , 100 ,792 and 5 ,204 , In any of the various aspects and embodiments of the 253 describe general techniques for selecting microcarriers 25 compositions and methods disclosed herein , mutations in and devices for projecting them . genes and proteins may be made using, e . g ., transgenic Specific conditions for using microcarriers in the methods technology . In some embodiments , the compositions and of the present invention are described in International Pub - methods include a plant or plant cell having a transformed lication WO 99 /07865 . In an illustrative technique, ice cold nucleic acid construct including a promoter operably linked microcarriers (60 mg/ mL ), mixed duplex oligonucleotide 30 to an AOS2 nucleotide disclosed herein . The methods dis (60 mg/mL ) 2 . 5 M CaCl2 and 0 . 1 M spermidine are added closed herein may include introducing an AOS2 nucleic acid in that order ; the mixture gently agitated , e . g . , by vortexing , construct disclosed herein into at least one plant cell and for 10 minutes and then left at room temperature for 10 regenerating a transformed plant therefrom . The nucleic acid minutes , whereupon the microcarriers are diluted in 5 vol construct comprises at least one nucleotide sequence that umes of ethanol, centrifuged and resuspended in 100 % 35 encodes a pathogen resistant and / or tolerant AOS2 protein as ethanol. Good results can be obtained with a concentration disclosed herein , particularly the nucleotide sequences of set in the adhering solution of 8 - 10 ug /uL microcarriers , 14 - 17 forth in FIGS . 2 and 4 , and fragments and variants thereof. ug /mL mixed duplex oligonucleotide , 1 . 1 - 1 . 4 M CaCl2 and The methods further involve the use of a promoter that is 18 -22 mM spermidine . Optimal results were observed under capable of driving gene expression in a plant cell . In one the conditions of 8 ug / uL microcarriers , 16 . 5 ug /mL mixed 40 embodiment, such a promoter is a constitutive promoter or duplex oligonucleotide , 1. 3 M CaCl2 and 21 mM spermi- a tissue- preferred promoter. A plant produced by these dine. methods may have increased or stabilized AOS2 activity Gene repair oligonucleobases can also be introduced into and /or elevated jasmonic acid and /or 12 -oxo -phytodienoic plant cells for the practice of the present invention using acid ( OPDA ) levels leading to enhanced resistance and /or microfibers to penetrate the cell wall and cell membrane . 45 tolerance to pathogens when compared to an untransformed U .S . Pat. No . 5 , 302 ,523 to Coffee et al. describes the use of plant. Thus, the methods find use in enhancing or increasing 30x0 . 5 um and 10x0 .3 um silicon carbide fibers to facilitate the resistance and/ or tolerance of a plant to at least one transformation of suspension maize cultures of Black Mexi - pathogen . can Sweet. Any mechanical technique that can be used to In one embodiment, the methods for producing a patho introduce DNA for transformation of a plant cell using 50 gen resistant and / or tolerant plant include transforming a microfibers can be used to deliver gene repair oligonucle - plant cell with a nucleic acid construct comprising a nucleo obases for transmutation . tide sequence operably linked to a promoter that drives An illustrative technique for microfiber delivery of a gene expression in a plant cell and regenerating a transformed repair oligonucleobase is as follows : Sterile microfibers ( 2 plant from said transformed plant cell . The nucleotide ug ) are suspended in 150 uL of plant culture medium 55 sequence is selected from those nucleotide sequences that containing about 10 ug of a mixed duplex oligonucleotide . encode the pathogen resistant and / or tolerant AOS2 dis A suspension culture is allowed to settle and equal volumes closed herein , particularly the nucleotide sequences set forth of packed cells and the sterile fiber /nucleotide suspension in FIGS . 2 and 4 , and fragments and variants thereof. A are vortexed for 10 minutes and plated . Selective media are pathogen resistant and / or tolerant plant produced by this applied immediately or with a delay of up to about 120 h as 60 method comprises enhanced resistance and / or tolerance , is appropriate for the particular trait . compared to an untransformed plant, to at least one patho Protoplast Electroporation gen , e . g ., Phytophthora infestans . In an alternative embodiment, the gene repair oligonucle The disclosed nucleic acid molecules can be used in obases can be delivered to the plant cell by electroporation nucleic acid constructs for the transformation of plants , for of a protoplast derived from a plant part or suspension of 65 example , crop plants , such as Solanum tuberosum . In one plant cells . The protoplasts are formed by enzymatic treat- embodiment, such nucleic acid constructs containing the ment of a plant part , particularly a leaf, according to tech - nucleic acid molecules of the present disclosure can be used US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 35 36 to produce transgenic plants to provide for resistance and /or Tissue -preferred promoters can be utilized to direct AOS2 tolerance to pathogens , such as Phytophthora infestans. The expression within a particular plant tissue. Such tissue nucleic acid constructs can be used in expression cassettes , preferred promoters include , but are not limited to , leaf expression vectors, transformation vectors , plasmids and the preferred promoters, root- preferred promoters , seed - pre like . The transgenic plants obtained following transforma - 5 ferred promoters , and stem -preferred promoters . Tissue tion with such constructs demonstrate increased resistance preferred promoters include Yamamoto et al. ( 1997 ) Plant J. 12 ( 2 ) :255 - 265 ; Kawamata et al. ( 1997 ) Plant Cell Physiol. and / or tolerance to pathogens such as, e . g ., Phytophthora 38 ( 7 ) :792 - 803 ; Hansen et al . (1997 ) Mol. Gen Genet . 254 infestans. ( 3 ) : 337 - 343; Russell et al. ( 1997 ) Transgenic Res . 6 (2 ) : 157 Constructs 10 168 ; Rinehart et al . ( 1996 ) Plant Physiol. 1 12 ( 3 ) : 1331 The nucleic acid molecules disclosed herein ( e . g . , 1341 ; Van Camp et al. ( 1996 ) Plant Physiol. 1 12 ( 2 ) :525 mutated AOS2 genes ) can be used in the production of 535 ; Canevascini et al . (1996 ) Plant Physiol. 112 ( 2 ) : 513 recombinant nucleic acid constructs . In one embodiment, the 524 ; Yamamoto et al. ( 1994 ) Plant Cell Physiol. 35 (5 ): 773 nucleic acid molecules of the invention can be used in the 778 ; Lam ( 1994 ) Results Probl . Cell Differ . 20 : 181 - 196 ; preparation of nucleic acid constructs , for example , expres - 15 Orozco et al. ( 1993 ) Plant Mol Biol. 23 ( 6 ) : 1129 - 1138 : sion cassettes for expression in the plant of interest. Matsuoka et al . ( 1993 ) Proc Natl. Acad . Sci. USA 90 ( 20 ): Expression cassettes may include regulatory sequences 9586 - 9590 ; and Guevara -Garcia et al. ( 1993 ) Plant J . 4 ( 3 ) : operably linked to the AOS2 nucleic acid sequences dis 495 - 505 . closed herein . The cassette may additionally contain at least The nucleic acid constructs may also include transcription one additional gene to be co - transformed into the organism . 20 termination regions. Where transcription terminations Alternatively , the additional gene( s ) can be provided on regions are used , any termination region may be used in the multiple expression cassettes preparation of the nucleic acid constructs . For example , the The nucleic acid constructs may be provided with a terminationP region may be native to the transcriptional plurality of restriction sites for insertion of the AOS2 nucleic initiation region , may be native to the operably linked AOS2 acid sequence to be under the transcriptional regulation of 25 sequence of interest, may be native to the plant host , or may the regulatory regions. The nucleic acid constructs may be derived from another source ( i . e ., foreign or heterologous additionally contain nucleic acid molecules encoding for to the promoter , the AOS2 nucleic acid molecule of interest, selectable marker genes. the plant host, or any combination thereof) . Examples of Any promoter can be used in the production of the nucleic termination regions that are available for use in the con acid constructs . The promoter may be native or analogous , 30 structs of the present invention include those from the or foreign or heterologous, to the plant host and / or to the Ti -plasmid of A . tumefaciens , such as the octopine synthase AOS2 nucleic acid sequences disclosed herein . Additionally , and nopaline synthase termination regions . See also Guer the promoter may be the natural sequence or alternatively a ineau et al. ( 1991 ) Mol. Gen . Genet. 262 : 141- 144 ; Proudfoot synthetic sequence . Where the promoter is “ foreign ” or ( 1991 ) Cell 64 :671 -674 ; Sanfacon et al. ( 1991 ) Genes Dev . " heterologous ” to the plant host, it is intended that the 35 5 : 141- 149 ; Mogen et al . ( 1990 ) Plant Cell 2 : 1261 - 1272 ; promoter is not found in the native plant into which the Munroe et al. ( 1990 ) Gene 91: 151 - 158 ; Ballas et al. ( 1989 ) promoter is introduced . Where the promoter is “ foreign " or Nucleic Acids Res . 17 : 7891 -7903 ; and Joshi et al . ( 1987 ) " heterologous” to the AOS2 nucleic acid sequences dis - Nucleic Acid Res . 15 : 9627 - 9639 . closed herein , it is intended that the promoter is not the In some embodiments , the nucleic acids may be opti native or naturally occurring promoter for the operably 40 mized for increased expression in the transformed plant. linked AOS2 nucleic acid sequences disclosed herein . As That is , the nucleic acids encoding the mutant AOS2 pro used herein , a chimeric gene comprises a coding sequence teins can be synthesized using plant- preferred codons for operably linked to a transcription initiation region that is improved expression . See , e . g . , Campbell and Gowri ( 1990 ) heterologous to the coding sequence . Plant Physiol. 92 : 1 - 11 for a discussion of host- preferred In some embodiments , the AOS2 nucleic acid sequences 45 codon usage . Methods are available in the art for synthe disclosed herein are expressed using heterologous promot - sizing plant -preferred genes . See , e . g ., U . S . Pat. Nos . 5 , 380 , ers , the native promoter sequences may be used in the 831, and 5 ,436 , 391 , and Murray et al . ( 1989 ) Nucleic Acids preparation of the constructs . Such constructs would change Res . 17 : 477 - 498 . expression levels of the AOS2 protein in the plant or plant In addition , other sequence modifications can be made to cell . Thus, the phenotype of the plant or plant cell is altered . 50 the nucleic acid sequences disclosed herein . For example , Any promoter can be used in the preparation of constructs additional sequence modifications enhance gene expression to control the expression of the AOS2 coding sequence , such in a cellular host. These include elimination of sequences as promoters providing for constitutive , tissue- preferred , encoding spurious polyadenylation signals , exon / intron inducible , or other promoters for expression in plants . Con splice site signals , transposon - like repeats , and other such stitutive promoters include , for example , the core promoter 55 well - characterized sequences that may be deleterious to of the Rsyn7 promoter and other constitutive promoters gene expression . The G - C content of the sequence may also disclosed in WO 99 /43 838 and U . S . Pat. No . 6 ,072 ,050 ; the be adjusted to levels average for a target cellular host , as core CaMV 35S promoter ( Odell et al. ( 1985 ) Nature calculated by reference to known genes expressed in the host 313 : 810 -812 ) ; rice actin (McElroy et al. ( 1990 ) Plant Cell cell . In addition , the sequence can be modified to avoid 2 : 163 - 171) ; ubiquitin (Christensen et al . ( 1989 ) Plant Mol. 60 predicted hairpin secondary mRNA structures . Biol . 12 :619 -632 and Christensen et al. ( 1992 ) Plant Mol. Other nucleic acid sequences may also be used in the Biol. 18 :675 - 689 ); pEMU (Last et al. ( 1991) Theor. Appl . preparation of the constructs of the present invention , for Genet. 81 : 581 -588 ) ; MAS ( Velten et al. ( 1984 ) EMBO J . example to enhance the expression of the AOS2 coding 3 : 2723 -2730 ) ; ALS promoter ( U . S . Pat. No . 5 ,659 , 026 ) , and sequence . Such nucleic acid sequences include intron 1 of the like. Other constitutive promoters include, for example , 65 the maize Adhl gene ( Callis et al. ( 1987 ) Genes and U . S . Pat. Nos. 5 , 608 , 149; 5 , 608 , 144 ; 5 ,604 , 121 ; 5 ,569 , 597 ; Development 1 : 1183 - 1200 ), and leader sequences , ( W - se 5 , 466 ,785 ; 5 , 399 ,680 ; 5 ,268 , 463 ; 5 ,608 , 142 ; and 6 , 177 ,611 . quence ) from the Tobacco Mosaic virus ( TMV ) , Maize US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 37 38 Chlorotic Mottle Virus and Alfalfa Mosaic Virus (Gallie et genome through homologous recombination . Additionally , al. , ( 1987 ) Nucleic Acid Res . 15 : 8693 - 8711 , and Skuzeski et plastid transformation can be accomplished by transactiva al. , ( 1990 ) Plant Mol. Biol. 15 :65 - 79 ). The first intron from tion of a silent plastid -borne transgene by tissue -preferred the shrunken - 1 locus of maize has been shown to increase expression of a nuclear- encoded and plastid - directed RNA expression of genes in chimeric gene constructs . U . S . Pat. 5 polymerase . Such a system has been reported in McBride et Nos. 5 ,424 ,412 and 5 ,593 , 874 disclose the use of specific al. ( 1994 ) Proc . Natl . Acad. Sci . USA 91: 7301 - 7305 . introns in gene expression constructs , and Gallie et al ., Plant The nucleic acids of interest to be targeted to the chlo Physiol. 106 :929 - 939 ( 1994 ) ) have also shown that introns roplast may be optimized for expression in the chloroplast to are useful for regulating gene expression on a tissue specific account for differences in codon usage between the plant basis . To further enhance or to optimize AOS2 gene expres - 10 nucleus and this organelle . In this manner, the nucleic acids sion , the plant expression vectors disclosed herein may also of interest may be synthesized using chloroplast - preferred contain DNA sequences containing matrix attachment codons. See , e . g ., U .S . Pat. No. 5 , 380 , 831, herein incorpo regions (MARS ) . Plant cells transformed with such modified rated by reference . expression systems, then , may exhibit overexpression or The nucleic acid constructs can be used to transform plant constitutive expression of a nucleotide sequence of the 15 cells and regenerate transgenic plants comprising the mutant invention . AOS2 coding sequences . Numerous plant transformation The expression constructs disclosed herein can also vectors and methods for transforming plants are available . include nucleic acid sequences capable of directing the See , e. g ., U . S . Pat . No . 6 ,753 ,458 ; An , G . et al. ( 1986 ) Plant expression of the AOS2 sequence to the chloroplast . Such Physiol. , 81 :301 - 305 ; Fry, J . et al . ( 1987) Plant Cell Rep . nucleic acid sequences include chloroplast targeting 20 6 :321 - 325 ; Block , M . ( 1988 ) Theor. Appl Genet. 76 : 767 sequences that encodes a chloroplast transit peptide to direct 774 ; Hinchee et al. (1990 ) Stadler . Genet. Symp. the gene product of interest to plant cell chloroplasts . Such 203212 . 203 - 212 ; Cousins et al. ( 1991 ) Aust . J . Plant transit peptides are known in the art . With respect to Physiol. 18 : 481- 494 ; Chee , P . P . et al. ( 1992) Gene. 118 : chloroplast -targeting sequences , " operably linked ” means 255 - 260 ; Christou et al. ( 1992 ) Trends. Biotechnol. 10 : 239 that the nucleic acid sequence encoding a transit peptide 25 246 ; D 'Halluin et al. ( 1992 ) Bio / Technol. 10 :309 - 3 14 ; Dhir ( i . e . , the chloroplast- targeting sequence ) is linked to the et al. (1992 ) Plant Physiol . 99 :81 -88 ; Casas et al. ( 1993 ) AOS2 nucleic acid molecule of the invention such that the Proc . Nat. Acad . Sci. USA 90 : 11212 - 11216 ; Christou , P . two sequences are contiguous and in the same reading (1993 ) In Vitro Cell. Dev . Biol. -Plant ; 29P : 1 19 -124 ; Davies frame. See, e . g ., Von Heijne et al . ( 1991) Plant Mol . Biol. et al . ( 1993 ) Plant Cell Rep . 12 : 180 - 183 ; Dong , J. A . et al. Rep . 9 : 104 - 126 ; Clark et al . ( 1989 ) J. Biol. Chem . 264 : 30 ( 1993 ) Plant Sci. 91 : 139 - 148 ; Franklin , C . I. et al. ( 1993 ) 17544 - 17550 ; Della - Cioppa et al. ( 1987 ) Plant Physiol. Plant. Physiol. 102 : 167 ; Golovkin et al. ( 1993 ) Plant Sci. 84 : 965 - 968 ; Romer et al. ( 1993 ) Biochem . Biophys . Res . 90 :41 - 52 ; Guo Chin Sci. Bull . 38 : 2072- 2078 ; Asano et al. Commun 196 : 1414 - 1421; and Shah et al. ( 1986 ) Science ( 1994 ) Plant Cell Rep . 13 ; Ayeres, N . M . et al. ( 1994 ) Crit . 233: 478 - 481. While the AOS2 proteins disclosed herein Rev . Plant . Sci. 13 : 219 - 239 ; Barcelo et al . ( 1994 ) Plant. J . may include a native chloroplast transit peptide , any chlo - 35 5 :583 - 592 ; Becker, et al. ( 1994 ) Plant. J . 5 : 299 - 307 ; roplast transit peptide known in the art can be fused to the Borkowska et al. ( 1994 ) Acta . Physiol Plant. 16 :225 - 230 ; amino acid sequence of a mature AOS2 protein of the Christou , P . ( 1994 ) Agro . Food . Ind . Hi Tech . 5 : 17 - 27 ; invention by operably linking a choloroplast- targeting Eapen et al. (1994 ) Plant Cell Rep . 13 :582 -586 ; Hartman et sequence to the 5 '- end of a nucleotide sequence encoding a al. ( 1994 ) Bio - Technology 12 : 919923 ; Ritala et al. ( 1994 ) mature AOS2 protein of the invention . 40 Plant . Mol. Biol. 24 : 317 - 325 ; and Wan , Y . C . et al . ( 1994 ) Chloroplast targeting sequences are known in the art and Plant Physiol. 104 : 3748 . The constructs may also be trans include the chloroplast small subunit of ribulose- 1, 5 -bispho - formed into plant cells using homologous recombination . sphate carboxylase (Rubisco ) (de Castro Silva Filho et al. The disclosed constructs comprising the AOS2 nucleic ( 1996 ) Plant Mol. Biol. 30 : 769 -780 ; Schnell et al . ( 1991) J . acid sequences disclosed herein can be used in various Biol. Chem . 266 ( 5 ): 3335 - 3342 ) ; 5 - enolpyruvyl) shikimate - 45 methods to produce transgenic host cells , such as bacteria , 3 -phosphate synthase ( EPSPS ) ( Archer et al. ( 1990 ) J . yeast , and to transform plant cells and in some cases Bioenerg . Biomemb . 22 ( 6 ) : 789 - 810 ) ; tryptophan synthase regenerate transgenic plants . For example , methods of pro ( Zhao et al. (1995 ) J . Biol. Chem . 270 ( 1 1 ) :6081 - 6087 ) ; ducing a transgenic crop plant containing the AOS2 mutant plastocyanin (Lawrence et al. ( 1997 ) J . Biol . Chem . 272 proteins disclosed herein , where expression of the nucleic ( 33 ): 20357 -20363 ) ; chorismate synthase (Schmidt et al . 50 acid (s ) in the plant results in pathogen resistance and /or ( 1993 ) J. Biol . Chem . 268( 36 ) :27447 - 27457 ) ; and the light tolerance as compared to wild -type plants or to known harvesting chlorophyll a /b binding protein (LHBP ) ( Lamppa AOS2 mutant type plants comprising : ( a ) introducing into a et al. (1988 ) J . Biol. Chem . 263 : 14996 - 14999 ) . See also Von plant cell an expression vector comprising nucleic acid Heijne et al. ( 1991 ) Plant Mol. Biol. Rep . 9 :104 - 126 ; Clark encoding a mutant AOS2 protein , and (b ) generating from et al . ( 1989 ) J . Biol. Chem . 264: 17544 - 17550 ; Della -Cioppa 55 the plant cell a transgenic plant which is pathogen resistant et al. (1987 ) Plant Physiol. 84 : 965 -968 ; Romer et al . ( 1993 ) and /or tolerant. Biochem . Biophys . Res . Commun 196 : 1414 - 1421 ; and Shah AOS2 Mutations et al . ( 1986 ) Science 233 :478 - 481. The compositions and methods may relate at least in part In another embodiment, the nucleic acid constructs may to mutations in an AOS2 gene , for example mutations that be prepared to direct the expression of the mutant AOS2 60 render a plant resistant or tolerant to a pathogen . The coding sequence from the plant cell chloroplast .Methods for compositions and methods also in certain embodiments transformation of chloroplasts are known in the art . See , e . g ., relate to the use of a gene repair oligonucleobase to make a Svab et al. ( 1990 ) Proc . Natl . Acad . Sci. USA 87 : 8526 -8530 ; desired mutation in the chromosomal or episomal sequences Svab and Maliga ( 1993 ) Proc . Natl. Acad . Sci. USA 90 : 913 of a plant in the gene encoding for an AOS2 protein . The 917 ; Svab and Maliga ( 1993 ) EMBO J . 12 :601 - 606 . The 65 mutated protein , which may in some embodiments substan method relies on particle gun delivery of DNA containing a tially maintain the catalytic activity of the wild - type protein , selectable marker and targeting of the DNA to the plastid allowing for increased resistance and / or tolerance of the US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 39 40 plant to a pathogen , and thus in some embodiments allowing position corresponding to position 282 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In for substantially normal or altered growth or development of some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or the plant , its organs, tissues , or cells as compared to the more mutations at a position corresponding to position 289 wild - type plant irrespective of the presence or absence of the of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 pathogen . The compositions and methods also relate to a 5 protein has one or more mutations at a position correspond non - transgenic plant cell in which an AOS2 gene has been ing to position 292 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , mutated , a non - transgenic plant regenerated therefrom , as a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a well as a plant resulting from a cross using a regenerated position corresponding to position 309 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In non - transgenic plant to a plant having a mutation in a some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or different AOS2 gene or in the same AOS2 gene , for example . 10 more mutations at a position corresponding to position 320 The compositions and methods also relate to a transgenic of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 plant cell in which an AOS2 gene has been mutated , a protein has one or more mutations at a position correspond transgenic plant regenerated therefrom , as well as a plant ing to position 328 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , resulting from a cross using a regenerated transgenic plant to a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a a plant having a mutation in a different AOS2 gene or in the 15 position corresponding to position 337 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In same AOS2 gene , for example . some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , more mutations at a position corresponding to position 338 compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a position protein has one or more mutations at a position correspond corresponding to positions selected from the group consist - 20 ing to position 357 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , ing of 6 , 12 , 30 , 37 , 46 , 48 , 51 , 76 , 113 , 145 , 187 , 197 , 200 , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a 227 , 231 , 256 , 264 , 270 , 282, 289, 292 , 309 , 320 , 328 , 337 , position corresponding to position 381 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In 338 , 357 , 381, 394 , 407 , 423 , 430 , 439, 467 , 480 , 494 and some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or 495 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated more mutations at a position corresponding to position 394 AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a position 25 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 corresponding to position 6 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some protein has one or more mutations at a position correspond embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more ing to position 407 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , mutations at a position corresponding to position 12 of SEQ a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein position corresponding to position 423 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In has one or more mutations at a position corresponding to 30 some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or position 30 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments, a more mutations at a position corresponding to position 430 mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 position corresponding to position 37 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In protein has one or more mutations at a position correspond some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has one oring to position 439 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , more mutations at a position corresponding to position 46 of 35 a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 position corresponding to position 467 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In protein has one or more mutations at a position correspond - some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or ing to position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , more mutations at a position corresponding to position 480 a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 position corresponding to position 51 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In 40 protein has one or more mutations at a position correspond some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or ing to position 494 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , more mutations at a position corresponding to position 76 of a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 position corresponding to position 495 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . protein has one or more mutations at a position correspond In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , ing to position 113 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , 45 compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an position corresponding to position 145 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In AOS2 amino acid sequence having a F at amino acid some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or position 6 of SEQ ID NO : 7 ; a P at amino acid position 12 more mutations at a position corresponding to position 187 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a R at amino acid position 12 of SEQ ID of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 50 NO : 11 ; an A at amino acid position 30 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; protein has one or more mutations at a position correspond - an I at amino acid position 37 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a L at amino ing to position 197 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , acid position 46 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a F at amino acid position a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a 46 of SEQ ID NO : 3 ; a T at amino acid position 48 of SEQ position corresponding to position 200 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In ID NO : 5 ; an I at amino acid position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 27 ; some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or 55 a V at amino acid position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 7 ; a M at more mutations at a position corresponding to position 227 amino acid position 51 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a D at amino acid of SEO ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 position 76 of SEO ID NO : 5 ; an N at amino acid position protein has one or more mutations at a position correspond - 76 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a G at position 113 of SEQ ID NO : ing to position 231 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , 5 ; an D at position 113 of SEQ ID NO : 49 ; a F at amino acid a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a 60 position 145 of SEQ ID NO : 9 ; a L at amino acid position position corresponding to position 256 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In 187 of SEQ ID NO : 5 an E at amino acid position 197 of some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein has one or SEQ ID NO : 5 ; an D at amino acid position 197 of SEO ID more mutations at a position corresponding to position 264 NO : 3 ; a K at amino acid position 200 of SEQ ID NO : 7 ; an of SEO ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 at amino acid position 227 of SEO ID NO : 5 ; a T at amino protein has one or more mutations at a position correspond - 65 acid position 231 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; an I at amino acid ing to position 270 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , position 231 of SEQ ID NO : 7 ; a G at amino acid position a mutated AOS2 protein has one or more mutations at a 231 of SEQ ID NO : 9 ; a F at amino acid position 256 of SEQ US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 47 ID NO : 5 ; a V at amino acid position 256 of SEQ ID NO : of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 3 ; an A at amino acid position 264 of SEQ ID NO : 7 ; a L at protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid position 270 of SEQ ID NO : 7 ; a F at amino acid amino acid sequence having a D at amino acid position 76 position 282 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a S at amino acid position of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 282 of SEQ ID NO : 41 ; a V at amino acid position 289 of 5 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a S at amino acid position 289 of SEQ ID amino acid sequence having a G at position 113 of SEQ ID NO : 11 ; an N at amino acid position 289 of SEQ ID NO : 13 ; NO : 5 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 protein a V at amino acid position 292 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; an L at includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino amino acid position 309 of SEO ID NO : 5 ; an I at amino acid acid sequence having an D at position 113 of SEO ID NO : position 309 of SEQ ID NO : 19 ; a Mat amino acid position 10 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes 320 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a L at amino acid position 320 of SEO one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid ID NO : 23 ; a Mat amino acid position 328 of SEQ ID NO : sequence having a F at amino acid position 145 of SEQ ID 5 ; a L at amino acid position 328 of SEQ ID NO : 19 ; a V at NO : 9 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein amino acid position 328 of SEQ ID NO : 27 ; an E at amino includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid position 337 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; an D at amino acid 15 acid sequence having a L at amino acid position 187 of SEQ position 337 of SEQ ID NO : 13 ; a V at amino acid position ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein 338 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a L at amino acid position 338 of SEQ includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino ID NO : 13 ; an I at amino acid position 357 of SEQ ID NO : acid sequence having an E at amino acid position 197 of 5 ; a Mat amino acid position 357 of SEO ID NO : 3 ; a P at SEO ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 amino acid position 381 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a L at amino acid 20 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 position 381 of SEQ ID NO : 35 ; a T at amino acid position amino acid sequence having an D at amino acid position 197 394 of SEQ ID NO : 9 ; a G at amino acid position 407 of of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a C at amino acid position 407 of SEQ ID protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 NO : 13 ; a F at amino acid position 423 of SEO ID NO : 7 ; amino acid sequence having a K at amino acid position 200 a L at amino acid position 430 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a deletion 25 of SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 of an amino acid E at position 439 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a G protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 at amino acid position 467 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a S at amino amino acid sequence having an A at amino acid position 227 acid position 467 of SEQ ID NO : 39 ; a V at amino acid of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 position 480 of SEQ ID NO : 5 , a G at amino acid position protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 494 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a D at amino acid position 494 of 30 amino acid sequence having a T at amino acid position 231 SEQ ID NO : 21 ; and / or a T at amino acid position 495 of of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having an I at amino acid position 231 amino acid sequence having a F at amino acid position 6 of of SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 35 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a G at amino acid position 231 amino acid sequence having a P at amino acid position 12 of of SEQ ID NO : 9 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a F at amino acid position 256 amino acid sequence having an R at amino acid position 12 40 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 of SEQ ID NO : 11. In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a V at amino acid position 256 amino acid sequence having an A at amino acid position 30 of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 45 amino acid sequence having an A at amino acid position 264 amino acid sequence having an I at amino acid position 37 of SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a L at amino acid position 270 amino acid sequence having a L at amino acid position 46 of SEO ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 50 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a F at amino acid position 282 amino acid sequence having a F at amino acid position 46 of of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 SEQ ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a S at amino acid position 282 amino acid sequence having a T at amino acid position 48 55 of SEQ ID NO : 41. In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a V at amino acid position 289 amino acid sequence having an I at amino acid position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 of SEQ ID NO : 27 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 60 amino acid sequence having a S at amino acid position 289 amino acid sequence having a V at amino acid position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 11 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 of SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having an N at amino acid position 289 amino acid sequence having a M at amino acid position 51 of SEQ ID NO : 13 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 65 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a V at amino acid position 292 amino acid sequence having an N at amino acid position 76 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 43 44 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having amino acid sequence having a L at amino acid position 309 a S at amino acid position 467 of SEQ ID NO : 39 . In some of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having amino acid sequence having an I at amino acid position 309 5 a V at amino acid position 480 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some of SEQ ID NO : 19 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having amino acid sequence having a M at amino acid position 320 a G at amino acid position 494 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some of SEO ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one ormore protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 10 mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having amino acid sequence having a L at amino acid position 320 an D at amino acid position 494 of SEQ ID NO : 21 . In some of SEQ ID NO : 23 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having amino acid sequence having a Mat amino acid position 328 and /or a T at amino acid position 495 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 15 In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated amino acid sequence having a L at amino acid position 328 AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein . In some of SEQ ID NO : 19 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes an A at a protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 position corresponding to position 691 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In amino acid sequence having a V at amino acid position 328 20 some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes a C at a of SEQ ID NO : 27 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 position corresponding to position 692 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . In protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes an A at amino acid sequence having an E at amino acid position 337 a position corresponding to position 678 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 gene includes a T at protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 25 a position corresponding to position 681 of SEQ ID NO : 2 . amino acid sequence having an D at amino acid position 337 In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes a C of SEQ ID NO : 13 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 at a position corresponding to position 727 of SEQ ID NO : protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes an amino acid sequence having a V at amino acid position 338 Aat a position corresponding to position 744 of SEQ ID NO : of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 30 2 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 gene includes a protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 Cat a position corresponding to position 774 of SEQ ID NO : amino acid sequence having a L at amino acid position 338 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes an of SEQ ID NO : 13 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 Aat a position corresponding to position 879 of SEQ ID NO : protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes an amino acid sequence having an I at amino acid position 357 35 Aat a position corresponding to position 900 of SEQ ID NO : of SEO ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 2 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene includes a protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 Cat a position corresponding to position 954 of SEQ ID NO : amino acid sequence having a Mat amino acid position 357 2 . of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 In conjunction with any of the aspects, embodiments , protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 40 compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated amino acid sequence having a P at amino acid position 381 AOS2 gene may encode a mutated AOS2 protein . In some of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 embodiments , the mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative amino acid sequence having a L at amino acid position 381 to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a F at amino acid of SEQ ID NO : 35 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 45 position 6 of SEQ ID NO : 7 ; a P at amino acid position 12 protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; an R at amino acid position 12 of SEQ amino acid sequence having a T at amino acid position 394 ID NO : 11 ; an A at amino acid position 30 of SEO ID NO : of SEQ ID NO : 9 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 5 ; an I at amino acid position 37 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a L at protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid position 46 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a F at amino acid amino acid sequence having a G at amino acid position 407 50 position 46 of SEQ ID NO : 3 ; a T at amino acid position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; an I at amino acid position 48 of SEQ ID protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 NO : 27 ; a V at amino acid position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 7 ; a amino acid sequence having a C at amino acid position 407 Mat amino acid position 51 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a D at amino of SEQ ID NO : 13 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 acid position 76 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; an N at amino acid protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 55 position 76 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a G at position 113 of SEQ amino acid sequence having a F at amino acid position 423 ID NO : 5 ; an D at position 113 of SEQ ID NO : 49 ; a F at of SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 amino acid position 145 of SEQ ID NO : 9 ; a L at amino acid protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 position 187 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; an E at amino acid position amino acid sequence having a L at amino acid position 430 197 of SEO ID NO : 5 ; an D at amino acid position 197 of of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 60 SEQ ID NO : 3 ; a K at amino acid position 200 of SEQ ID protein includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 NO : 7 ; an A at amino acid position 227 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; amino acid sequence having a deletion of an amino acid E a T at amino acid position 231 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; an I at at position 439 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a amino acid position 231 of SEQ ID NO : 7 ; a G at amino acid mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more mutations position 231 of SEQ ID NO : 9 ; a F at amino acid position relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a G at 65 256 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a V at amino acid position 256 of amino acid position 467 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some SEQ ID NO : 3 ; an A at amino acid position 264 of SEQ ID embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes one or more NO : 7 ; a L at amino acid position 270 of SEQ ID NO : 7 ; a US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 45 46 F at amino acid position 282 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a S at amino mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having acid position 282 of SEQ ID NO : 41 ; a V at amino acid a M at amino acid position 51 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some position 289 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a S at amino acid position embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated 289 of SEQ ID NO : 11; an N at amino acid position 289 of AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative SEQ ID NO : 13 ; a V at amino acid position 292 of SEQ ID 5 to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a D at amino acid NO : 5 ; a L at amino acid position 309 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; an position 76 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a I at amino acid position 309 of SEO ID NO : 19 ; a M at mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that amino acid position 320 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a L at amino acid includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino position 320 of SEQ ID NO : 23 ; a M at amino acid position acid sequence having an N at amino acid position 76 of SEQ 328 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a L at amino acid position 328 of SEQ 10 ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene ID NO : 19 ; a V at amino acid position 328 of SEQ ID NO : encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more 27 ; an E at amino acid position 337 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; an D mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having at amino acid position 337 of SEQ ID NO : 13 ; a V at amino a G at position 113 ofSEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , acid position 338 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a L at amino acid a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that position 338 of SEQ ID NO : 13 ; an I at amino acid position 15 includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino 357 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a M at amino acid position 357 of acid sequence having an D at position 113 of SEQ ID NO : SEO ID NO : 3 ; a P at amino acid position 381 of SEQ ID 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a NO : 5 ; a L at amino acid position 381 of SEQ ID NO : 35 ; mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations a T at amino acid position 394 of SEO ID NO : 9 ; a G at relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a F at amino acid position 407 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a C at amino acid 20 amino acid position 145 of SEQ ID NO : 9 . In some position 407 of SEQ ID NO : 13 ; a F at amino acid position embodiments, a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated 423 of SEQ ID NO : 7 ; a L at amino acid position 430 of SEQ AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative ID NO : 5 ; a deletion of an amino acid E at position 439 of to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a L at amino acid SEQ ID NO : 5 ; a G at amino acid position 467 of SEO ID position 187 of SEO ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a NO : 5 ; a S at amino acid position 467 of SEQ ID NO : 39; 25 mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that a V at amino acid position 480 of SEQ ID NO : 5 , a Gat includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino amino acid position 494 of SEQ ID NO : 5 ; an D at amino acid sequence having an E at amino acid position 197 of acid position 494 of SEQ ID NO : 21 ; and / or a T at amino SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene acid position 495 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments, encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more the mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein 30 mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having that includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 an D at amino acid position 197 of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In some amino acid sequence having a F at amino acid position 6 of embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a K at amino acid mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having 35 position 200 of SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments, a a P at amino acid position 12 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative acid sequence having an A at amino acid position 227 of to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having an R at amino acid SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 gene position 12 of SEQ ID NO : 11. In some embodiments , a 40 encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino a T at amino acid position 231 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some acid sequence having an A at amino acid position 30 of SEQ embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more 45 to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having an I at amino acid mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having position 231 of SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments, a an I at amino acid position 37 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative acid sequence having a G at amino acid position 231 of SEQ to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a L at amino acid 50 ID NO : 9 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene position 46 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino a F at amino acid position 256 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some acid sequence having a F at amino acid position 46 of SEQ embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 gene 55 AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a V at amino acid mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having position 256 of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments, a a T at amino acid position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative 60 acid sequence having an A at amino acid position 264 of to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having an I at amino acid SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 27 . In some embodiments, a encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino a L at amino acid position 270 of SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some acid sequence having a V at amino acid position 48 of SEO 65 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a F at amino acid US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 47 48 position 282 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having acid sequence having a S at amino acid position 282 of SEQ a P at amino acid position 381 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some ID NO : 41. In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene 5 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a L at amino acid a V at amino acid position 289 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some position 381 of SEQ ID NO : 35 . In some embodiments , a embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative 10 includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a S at amino acid acid sequence having a T at amino acid position 394 of SEQ position 289 of SEQ ID NO : 11 . In some embodiments , a ID NO : 9 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having acid sequence having an N at amino acid position 289 of 15 a G at amino acid position 407 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some SEQ ID NO : 13 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a C at amino acid having a V at amino acid position 292 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In position 407 of SEQ ID NO : 13 . In some embodiments , a some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a 20 mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a L at acid sequence having a F at amino acid position 423 of SEQ amino acid position 309 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative 25 mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having an I at amino acid a L at amino acid position 430 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some position 309 of SEQ ID NO : 19 . In some embodiments , a embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a deletion of an acid sequence having a Mat amino acid position 320 of SEQ 30 amino acid E at position 439 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a G at amino acid a L at amino acid position 320 of SEQ ID NO : 23 . In some position 467 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments, a embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated 35 mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a M at amino acid acid sequence having a S at amino acid position 467 of SEQ position 328 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a ID NO : 39 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 gene mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino 40 mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having acid sequence having a L at amino acid position 328 of SEO a V at amino acid position 480 of SEO ID NO : 5 . In some ID NO : 19 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 gene embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a G at amino acid a V at amino acid position 328 of SEQ ID NO : 27 . In some 45 position 494 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments, a embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having an E at amino acid acid sequence having an D at amino acid position 494 of position 337 of SEO ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a SEQ ID NO : 21. In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that 50 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence acid sequence having an D at amino acid position 337 of having and /or a T at amino acid position 495 ofSEQ ID NO : SEQ ID NO : 13 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 5 . gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence 55 compositions and methods disclosed herein , the mutated having a V at amino acid position 338 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In AOS2 protein includes one or more , two or more , three or some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a more , four ormore , five ormore , six or more , seven or more , mutated AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations eight or more , nine or more , or ten or more , or eleven or relative to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having a L at more , or twelve or more , thirteen or more , fourteen or more , amino acid position 338 of SEQ ID NO : 13 . In some 60 fifteen or more , sixteen or more , seventeen or more, eighteen embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated or more , nineteen or more , twenty or more , twenty - one or AOS2 protein that includes one or more mutations relative more , twenty - two or more , twenty - three or more , twenty to an AOS2 amino acid sequence having an I at amino acid four or more , twenty - five or more mutations at positions position 357 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a selected from the group consisting of S6 , P12 , R12 , V30 , mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that 65 T37, F46 , L46 , 148 , T48 , 151 , 176 , N76 , D113 , G113 , Y145 , includes one or more mutations relative to an AOS2 amino F187 , D197 , E197 , T200 , T227 , G231, T231 , F256 , V256 , acid sequence having a M at amino acid position 357 of SEQ T264 , F270 , F282 , S282, N289, S289 , A292 , 1309, L309 , US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 49 50 L320 , M320 , L328 , V328 , D337 , E337 , L338 , V338, 1357, a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to M357 , L381, P381 , K394 , C407 , G407 , 1423 , F430 , A439 position 148 of SEQ ID NO : 27 , 47 or 49 . In conjunction ( where A indicates a deletion ), G467, S467 , T480 , D494 , with any of the aspects , embodiments , compositions and G494 and K495 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 5 a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to and / or 49 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 protein position V48 of SEQ ID NO : 7 . In conjunction with any of includes two or more mutations , at least one mutation of the aspects , embodiments , compositions and methods dis which is at the amino acid position corresponding to a closed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation position selected from the group consisting of S6 , P12 , R12 , at the amino acid position corresponding to position T48 of V30 , T37 , F46 , L46 , 148 , T48 , 151, D76 , D113 , G113 , Y145 , 10 SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 29 , 31 , F187 , D197 , E197 , T200 , 1227 , G231, 1231 , F256 , V256 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 or 45 . In conjunction with any of the T264 , F270 , F282, S282 , N289 , S289 , A292 , 1309 , L309, aspects , embodiments , compositions and methods disclosed L320 , M320 , L328 , V328 , D337 , E337 , L338 , V338 , 1357 , herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the M357 , L381 , P381 , K394 , C407 , G407 , 1423 , F430 , A439 amino acid position corresponding to position M51 of SEQ (where A indicates a deletion ) , G467 , S467, 1480 , D494 , 15 ID NO : 5 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodi G494 and K495 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid and / or 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene position corresponding to position N76 of SEQ ID NO : 5 , 7 , includes three or more mutations , at least one mutation of 9 , 19 , 21, 23 , 25 , 29 , 31 or 43 . In some embodiments , a which is at the amino acid position corresponding to a 20 mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position selected from the group consisting of S6 , P12 , R12 , position corresponding to position G113 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , V30 , T37 , F46 , L46 , 148 , 148 , 151, D76 , D113 , G113 , Y145 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , F187, D197 , E197 , T200 , T227, G231 , T231, F256 , V256 , 37 , 39, 41, 43, 45 or 47. In some embodiments , a mutated T264 , F270 , F282 , S282 , N289 , S289 , A292 , 1309 , L309 , AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position L320 , M320 , L328 , V328 , D337 , E337 , L338 , V338 , 1357 , 25 corresponding to position D113 of SEQ ID NO : 49 . In some M357 , L381 , P381 , K394 , C407 , G407 , 1423 , F430 , A439 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation (where A indicates a deletion ) , G467 , S467 , 1480 , D494 , at the amino acid position corresponding to position F145 of G494 and K495 of SEO ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , SEQ ID NO : 9 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39, 41, 43 , 45 , 47 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position and / or 49 . 30 corresponding to position L187 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated at the amino acid position corresponding to position E197 of AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position SEQ ID NO : 1, 5, 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19, 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , corresponding to position F6 of SEQ ID NO : 7 or 9 . In 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodi conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , compo - 35 ments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the sitions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 amino acid position corresponding to position D197 of SEQ protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein corresponding to position R12 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 7 , 9 , 13 , includes a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39, 41 , 43 , 45 , to position K200 of SEQ ID NO : 7 or 9 . In some embodi 47 or 49 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodi- 40 ments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the ments, compositions and methods disclosed herein , a amino acid position corresponding to position A227 of SEO mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 protein position corresponding to position P12 of SEQ ID NO : 11 . includes a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , com - to position 1231 of SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments, a positions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 45 mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position position corresponding to position G231 of SEQ ID NO : 9 , corresponding to position A30 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In con - 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 29 , 43 or 45 . In some embodiments , junction with any of the aspects , embodiments , composi- a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino tions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein acid position corresponding to position T231 of SEQ ID NO : includes a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding 50 1 , 3 , 5 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 47 or 49 . In some to position V30 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . at the amino acid position corresponding to position F256 of In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , com SEQ ID NO : 1 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13, 15, 17, 19, 21 , 23 , 25, 27 , 29 , positions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39, 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodi protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position 55 ments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the corresponding to position 137 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In con amino acid position corresponding to position V256 of SEQ junction with any of the aspects , embodiments, composi- ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 protein tions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding includes a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to position A264 of SEQ ID NO : 7 . In some embodiments , to position F46 of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with any 60 a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino of the aspects , embodiments , compositions and methods acid position corresponding to position L270 of SEQ ID disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a muta - NO : 7 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein tion at the amino acid position corresponding to position includes a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding L46 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , to position F282 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13, 15 , 17 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In conjunction 65 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29, 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . with any of the aspects, embodiments, compositions and In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to posi US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 51 52 tion S282 of SEQ ID NO : 41 . In some embodiments , a NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 17 , 19, 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid 37 , 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments, a mutated position corresponding to position N289 of SEQ ID NO : 13 . AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a corresponding to position F423 of SEO ID NO : 7 , 25 , 27 , 33 , mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to posi- 5 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein tion V289 of SEQ ID NO : 5 , 7 or 9 . In some embodiments , includes a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino to position L430 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , acid position corresponding to position S289 of SEQ ID NO : a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino 1 , 3 , 11 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 23, 25 , 27, 29, 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , acid position corresponding to position S467 of SEQ ID NO : 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 10 39 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to corresponding to position V292 of SEQ ID NO : 5 , 7 , 9 or 13 . position G467 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a 19 , 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29, 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to posi - In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a tion L309 of SEQ ID NO : 1, 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 27 , 15 mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to posi 29 , 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodi - tion V480 of SEQ ID NO : 5 . In some embodiments , a ments, a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid amino acid position corresponding to position 1309 of SEQ position corresponding to position D494 of SEQ ID NO : 21, ID NO : 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 or 43 . In some embodiments , a 23 , 31 or 43 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid 20 includes a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding position corresponding to position M320 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , to position G494 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 19 , 21 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 19 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 45 , 47 or 49 . In some 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position at the amino acid position corresponding to position T495 of corresponding to position L320 of SEQ ID NO : 23 . In some 25 SEQ ID NO : 5 , 7 or 9 . In some embodiments , a mutated embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation AOS2 protein includes a deletion of the amino acid at at the amino acid position corresponding to position V328 of position corresponding to position E439 of SEQ ID NO : 5 , SEQ ID NO : 27, 33 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , a 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 33 , 39, 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid or 49 . position corresponding to position M328 of SEQ ID NO : 5 , 30 In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , 7 , 9 , 13 or 15 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position AOS2 protein includes the amino acid serine at a position corresponding to position L328 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 11 , 17 , corresponding to position 6 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 29 , 31 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 or 45 . In some NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation 35 compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated at the amino acid position corresponding to position E337 of AOS2 protein includes the amino acid proline at a position SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , corresponding to position 12 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated acid position corresponding to position D337 of SEQ ID 40 AOS2 protein includes the amino acid arginine at a position NO : 13 or 15 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 corresponding to position 12 of SEQ ID NO : 11 . In con protein includes a mutation at the amino acid position junction with any of the aspects , embodiments , composi corresponding to position V338 of SEQ ID NO : 1, 3 , 5 , 7 , tions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein 9 , 11, 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , includes the amino acid valine at a position corresponding to 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein 45 position 30 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID NO : 3 . In includes a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding conjunction with any of the aspects, embodiments , compo to position L338 of SEQ ID NO : 13 or 15 . In some sitions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation protein includes the amino acid threonine at a position at the amino acid position corresponding to position 1357 of corresponding to position 37 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID SEQ ID NO : 1, 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 19, 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29, 50 NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodi- compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated ments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the OS2 protein includes the amino acid leucine at a position amino acid position corresponding to position M357 of SEO corresponding to position 46 of SEQ ID NO : 1 . In conjunc ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein tion with any of the aspects , embodiments , compositions and includes a mutation at the amino acid position corresponding 55 methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes to position P381 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , the amino acid phenylalanine at a position corresponding to 19, 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 37 , 39, 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . position 46 of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a aspects , embodiments, compositions and methods disclosed mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to posi- herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid tion L381 of SEQ ID NO : 35 . In some embodiments , a 60 isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 48 of SEQ mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino acid ID NO : 27 , SEQ ID NO : 47 or SEQ ID NO : 49 . In position corresponding to position T394 of SEQ ID NO : 9 . conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , compo In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes a sitions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 mutation at the amino acid position corresponding to posi - protein includes the amino acid threonine at a position tion C407 of SEQ ID NO : 13 or 15 . In some embodiments , 65 corresponding to position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID a mutated AOS2 protein includes a mutation at the amino NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , acid position corresponding to position G407 of SEQ ID compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 53 54 AOS2 protein includes the amino acid isoleucine at a aspects , embodiments , compositions and methods disclosed position corresponding to position 51 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid SEQ ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , serine at a position corresponding to position 282 of SEQ ID embodiments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a NO : 41 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid aspartic acid 5 includes the amino acid serine at a position corresponding to at a position corresponding to position 76 of SEQ ID NO : 1 position 289 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID NO : 3 . In some or SEQ ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects, embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino embodiments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a acid asparagine at a position corresponding to position 289 mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid asparagine at of SEQ ID NO : 13 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 a position corresponding to position 76 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or 10 protein includes the amino acid alanine at a position corre SEQ ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects, sponding to position 292 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID NO : embodiments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid glycine at a compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated position corresponding to position 113 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or AOS2 protein includes the amino acid leucine at a position SEQ ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , 15 corresponding to position 309 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID embodiments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid aspartic acid compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated at a position corresponding to position 113 of SEQ ID NO : AOS2 protein includes the amino acid isoleucine at a 49 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 protein includes position corresponding to position 309 of SEQ ID NO : 19 . the amino acid tyrosine at a position corresponding to 20 In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , com position 145 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID NO : 3 . In positions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments, compo - protein includes the amino acid methonine at a position sitions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 corresponding to position 320 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID protein includes the amino acid phenylalanine at a position NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , corresponding to position 187 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID 25 compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , AOS2 protein includes the amino acid leucine at a position compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated corresponding to position 320 of SEQ ID NO : 23 . In AOS2 protein includes the amino acid glutamic acid at a conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , compo position corresponding to position 197 of SEQ ID NO : 1 . In sitions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , compo - 30 protein includes the amino acid leucine at a position corre sitions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 sponding to position 328 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID NO : protein includes the amino acid aspartic acid at a position 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , corresponding to position 197 of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In con - compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated junction with any of the aspects , embodiments , composi - AOS2 protein includes the amino acid valine at a position tions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein 35 corresponding to position 328 of SEQ ID NO : 27 . In includes the amino acid threonine at a position correspond - conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , compo ing to position 200 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID NO : 3 . In sitions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , compo - protein includes the amino acid glutamic acid at a position sitions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 corresponding to position 337 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID protein includes the amino acid threonine at a position 40 NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , corresponding to position 227 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments, AOS2 protein includes the amino acid aspartic acid at a compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated position corresponding to position 337 of SEQ ID NO : 13 or AOS2 protein includes the amino acid threonine at a posi - SEQ ID NO : 15 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , tion corresponding to position 231 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ 45 embodiments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodi - mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid valine at a ments, compositions and methods disclosed herein , a position corresponding to position 338 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid glycine at a SEQ ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , position corresponding to position 231 of SEO ID NO : 9 . In embodiments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes the 50 mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid leucine at a amino acid phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position corresponding to position 338 of SEQ ID NO : 13 or position 256 of SEQ ID NO : 1 . In some embodiments, a SEQ ID NO : 15 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid valine at a embodiments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a position corresponding to position 256 of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid isoleucine at conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , compo - 55 a position corresponding to position 357 of SEQ ID NO : 1 . sitions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , com protein includes the amino acid threonine at a position positions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 corresponding to position 264 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID protein includes the amino acid methionine at a position NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , corresponding to position 357 of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In con compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated 60 junction with any of the aspects , embodiments , composi AOS2 protein includes the amino acid phenylalanine at a tions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein position corresponding to position 270 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or includes the amino acid proline at a position corresponding SEQ ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , to position 381 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID NO : 3 . In embodiments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , compo mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid phenylala - 65 sitions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 nine at a position corresponding to position 282 of SEQ ID protein includes the amino acid leucine at a position corre NO : 1 or SEQ ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the sponding to position 381 of SEQ ID NO : 35 . In conjunction US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 55 56 with any of the aspects, embodiments , compositions and corresponding to position 46 , a valine to a threonine at a methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes position corresponding to position 48 , a valine to an isoleu the amino acid lysine at a position corresponding to position cine at a position corresponding to position 48 , an isoleucine 394 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with to a threonine at a position corresponding to position 48 , a any of the aspects , embodiments , compositions and methods 5 threonine to an isoleucine at a position corresponding to disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes the position 48 , a methionine to an isoleucine at a position amino acid glycine at a position corresponding to position corresponding to position 51 , an asparagine to an aspartic 407 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with acid at a position corresponding to position 76 , an aspartic any of the aspects , embodiments , compositions and methods acid to an asparagine at a position corresponding to position disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes the 10 76 , an aspartic acid to a glycine at a position corresponding amino acid cysteine at a position corresponding to position to position 113 , a glycine to an aspartic acid at a position 407 of SEQ ID NO : 13 or SEQ ID NO : 15 . In conjunction corresponding to position 113 , a phenylalanine to a tyrosine with any of the aspects , embodiments , compositions and at a position corresponding to position 145 , a leucine to a methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 protein includes phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 187 , the amino acid isoleucine at a position corresponding to 15 an aspartic acid to a glutamic acid at a position correspond position 423 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID NO : 3 . In ing to position 197 , a glutamic acid to an aspartic acid at a conjunction with any of the aspects, embodiments , compo - position corresponding to position 197 , a lysine to a threo sitions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 nine at a position corresponding to position 200 , an alanine protein includes the amino acid phenylalanine at a position to a threonine at a position corresponding to position 227 , an corresponding to position 430 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID 20 isoleucine to a threonine at a position corresponding to NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , position 231, an isoleucine to a glycine at a position corre compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated sponding to position 231 , a glycine to a threonine at a AOS2 protein includes the deletion of the amino acid position corresponding to position 231 , a threonine to a glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 439 of glycine at a position corresponding to position 231, a valine SEQ ID NO : 5 . In conjunction with any of the aspects, 25 to a phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position embodiments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a 256 , a phenylalanine to a valine at a position corresponding mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid glycine at a to position 256 , an alanine to a threonine at a position position corresponding to position 466 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or corresponding to position 264 , a leucine to a phenylalanine SEQ ID NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects, at a position corresponding to position 270 , a serine to a embodiments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a 30 phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 282, a mutated AOS2 protein includes the amino acid serine at a phenylalanine to a serine at a position corresponding to position corresponding to position 467 of SEQ ID NO : 39 . position 282 , a valine to an asparagine at a position corre In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , com - sponding to position 289 , a valine to a serine at a position positions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated AOS2 corresponding to position 289 , a serine to an asparagine at protein includes the amino acid threonine at a position 35 a position corresponding to position 289 , an asparagine to a corresponding to position 479 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID serine at a position corresponding to position 289 , a valine NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , to an alanine at a position corresponding to position 292 , an compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated isoleucine to leucine at a position corresponding to position AOS2 protein includes the amino acid glycine at a position 309 , a leucine to an isoleucine at a position corresponding to corresponding to position 493 of SEQ ID NO : 1 or SEQ ID 40 position 309 , a leucine to methionine at a position corre NO : 3 . In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments, sponding to position 320 , a methionine to a leucine at a compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated position corresponding to position 320 , a methionine to a AOS2 protein includes the amino acid aspartic acid at a leucine at a position corresponding to position 328 , a position corresponding to position 494 of SEQ ID NO : 21 . methionine to valine at a position corresponding to position In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 protein includes the 45 328 , a valine to a leucine at a position corresponding to amino acid lysine at a position corresponding to position 494 position 328 , a leucine to a valine at a position correspond of SEO ID NO : 1 or SEO ID NO : 3 . ing to position 328 , an aspartic acid to a glutamic acid at a In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments, position corresponding to position 337 , a glutamic acid to an compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 337 , a AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein having one or 50 leucine to a valine at a position corresponding to position more mutations, two or more mutations , three or more 338 , a valine to a leucine at a position corresponding to mutations, four or more mutations , five or more mutations , position 338 , a methionine to an isoleucine at a position six or more mutations , seven or more , eight or more , nine or corresponding to position 357 , an isoleucine to a methionine more , or ten or more, eleven or more, twelve or more , at a position corresponding to position 357, a leucine to a thirteen or more , fourteen or more , fifteen or more , sixteen 55 proline at a position corresponding to position 381 , a proline or more , seventeen or more , eighteen or more , nineteen or to a leucine at a position corresponding to position 381, a more , twenty or more , twenty -one or more , twenty -two or threonine to lysine at a position corresponding to position more , twenty - three or more, twenty - four or more , twenty - 394 , a cysteine to a glycine at a position corresponding to five or more mutations selected from the group consisting of position 407 , a glycine to a cysteine at a position corre a phenylalanine to a serine at a position corresponding to 60 sponding to position 407 , a phenylalanine to an isoleucine at position 6 , an arginine to a proline at a position correspond a position corresponding to position 423 , a leucine to a ing to position 12 , a proline to an arginine at a position phenylalanine at a position corresponding to position 430 , a corresponding to position 12 , an alanine to a valine at a serine to a glycine at a position corresponding to position position corresponding to position 30 , an isoleucine to a 467 , a glycine to a serine at a position corresponding to threonine at a position corresponding to position 37 , a 65 position 467 , a valine to a threonine at a position corre phenylalanine to a leucine at a position corresponding to sponding to position 480 , an aspartic acid to a glycine at a position 46 , a leucine to a phenylalanine at a position position corresponding to position 494 , a glycine to an US 9 , 790 ,515 B2 57 58 aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 494 , a 47 or 49. In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene threonine to a lysine at a position corresponding to position encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid 495 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13, 15, 17 , 19 , 21, 23, mutation from an aspartic acid to an asparagine at a position 25 , 27 , 29 , 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 , and a corresponding to position 76 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 11 , 13 , 15 , deletion of a glutamic acid at a position corresponding to 5 17 , 27 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodi position 439 SEQ ID NO : 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13, 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 23 , ments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 25 , 27 , 33 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49. protein that includes an amino acid mutation from an In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , aspartic acid to a glycine at a position corresponding to compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated position 113 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes 10 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43, 45 or 47 . In an amino acid mutation from a phenylalanine to serine at a some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a position corresponding to position 6 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , from a glycine to an aspartic acid at a position corresponding 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 to position 113 of SEQ ID NO : 49 . In some embodiments , gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an 15 a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that amino acid mutation from an arginine to proline at a position includes an amino acid mutation from a phenylalanine to a corresponding to position 12 of SEO ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 13 , tyrosine at a position corresponding to position 145 of SEO 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25, 27, 29, 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39, 41, 43 , 45 , ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23, 25 , 27 , 29, 31 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid 20 a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that mutation from a proline to an arginine at a position corre includes an amino acid mutation from a leucine to a phe sponding to position 12 of SEQ ID NO : 11. In some nylalanine at a position corresponding to position 187 of embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from an 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodi alanine to a valine at a position corresponding to position 30 25 ments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 of SEO ID NO : 1 , 3 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a gluta 29 , 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some mic acid to an aspartic acid at a position corresponding to embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated position 197 of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments, a AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from an mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that isoleucine to a threonine at a position corresponding to 30 includes an amino acid mutation from an aspartic acid to a position 37 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , glutamic acid at a position corresponding to position 197 of 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In SEQ ID NO : 1 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodi mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation ments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 from a phenylalanine to leucine at a position corresponding 35 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a lysine to position 46 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13, 15 , 17 , 19 , to a threonine at a position corresponding to position 200 of 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodi mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation ments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 from a leucine to a phenylalanine at a position correspond - 40 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from an alanine ing to position 46 of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments , to a threonine at a position corresponding to position 227 of a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , includes an amino acid mutation from a valine to a threonine 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodi at a position corresponding to position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , ments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 3 , 5 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 45 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from an 41 , 43 or 45 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene isoleucine to a threonine at a position corresponding to encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid position 231 of SEO ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 31, 33 , 35 , mutation from an isoleucine to a threonine at a position 37 , 39 , 41, 47 or 49 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 corresponding to position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 9, 11 , gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an 13 , 15, 17 , 19 , 21, 23 , 25 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37, 39 , 41, 43 or 50 amino acid mutation from an isoleucine to a glycine at a 45 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a position corresponding to position 231 of SEQ ID NO : 9 , 11 , mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 29 , 43 or 45 . In some embodiments, a from a threonine to a isoleucine at a position corresponding mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that to position 48 of SEQ ID NO : 27 , 47 or 49 . In some includes an amino acid mutation from a threonine to a embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated 55 glycine at a position corresponding to position 231 of SEQ AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a ID NO : 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 29 43 or 45 . In some valine to an isoleucine at a position corresponding to posi - embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated tion 48 of SEQ ID NO : 27 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments, AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that glycine to a threonine at a position corresponding to position includes an amino acid mutation from a methionine to an 60 231 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , isoleucine at a position corresponding to position 51 of SEQ 41 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene ID NO : 1 , 3 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 19 , 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid 33, 35, 37 , 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , mutation from a phenylalanine to a valine at a position a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that corresponding to position 256 of SEO ID NO : 3 . In some includes an amino acid mutation from an asparagine to an 65 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated aspartic acid at a position corresponding to position 76 of AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a SEQ ID NO : 1, 3 , 11 , 13, 15 , 17, 27, 33 , 35, 37, 39, 41 , 45 , valine to a phenylalanine at a position corresponding to US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 59 60 position 256 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 5 , 7, 9, 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19, 11 , 17 , 19 , 21, 23 , 25, 29 , 31, 35 , 37, 39, 41, 43 or 45. In 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a leucine to a valine at a position corresponding to from an alanine to a threonine at a position corresponding to 5 position 328 of SER ID NO : 27 , 33 , 47 or 49 . In some position 264 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a valine to a leucine at a position corresponding to position mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation 328 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 11, 17, 19 , 21, 23, 25 , 29, 31, 35 , from a leucine to a phenylalanine at a position correspond - 10 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 or 45 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 ing to position 270 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or amino acid mutation from an aspartic acid to a glutamic acid 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a at a position corresponding to position 337 of SEQ ID NO : mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , from a phenylalanine to a serine at a position corresponding 15 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated to position 282 of SEQ ID NO : 41. In some embodiments , AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that an amino acid mutation from a glutamic acid to an aspartic includes an amino acid mutation from a serine to a phenyl - acid at a position corresponding to position 337 of SEQ ID alanine at a position corresponding to position 282 of SEQ NO : 13 or 15 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13, 15 , 17 , 19, 21 , 23, 25 , 27 , 29, 20 encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , mutation from a leucine to a valine at a position correspond a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that ing to position 338 of SEQ ID NO : 1, 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 17 , 19 , includes an amino acid mutation from a valine to an aspara 21, 23, 25 , 27 , 29, 31, 33 , 35 , 37, 39, 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . gine at a position corresponding to position 289 of SEQ ID In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a NO : 13 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 gene 25 mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid from a valine to a leucine at a position corresponding to mutation from a valine to a serine at a position correspond position 338 of SEQ ID NO : 13 or 15 . In some embodi ing to position 289 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 11 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , ments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39, 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a methio some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a 30 nine to an isoleucine at a position corresponding to position mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation 357 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , from an asparagine to a serine at a position corresponding to 27, 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39, 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some position 289 ofSEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 11 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated 27 , 29, 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49. In some AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from an embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated 35 isoleucine to a methionine at a position corresponding to AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a position 357 of SEQ ID NO : 3 . In some embodiments, a serine to an asparagine at a position corresponding to mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that position 289 of SEQ ID NO : 13 . In some embodiments , a includes an amino acid mutation from a leucine to a proline mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that at a position corresponding to position 381 of SEQ ID NO : includes an amino acid mutation from a valine to an alanine 40 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31, 33 , at a position corresponding to position 292 of SEQ ID NO : 37, 39 , 41 , 43, 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated 1 , 3 , 11 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 an amino acid mutation from a proline to a leucine at a gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an position corresponding to position 381 of SEQ ID NO : 35 . amino acid mutation from a leucine to an isoleucine at a 45 In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a position corresponding to position 309 of SEO ID NO : 19 , mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation 21, 23 , 25 , or 43 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 from a threonine to a lysine at a position corresponding to gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an position 394 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , amino acid mutation from an isoleucine to a leucine at a 21, 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31, 33, 35 , 37 , 39, 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . position corresponding to position 309 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 50 In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a 5 , 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 27 , 29 , 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 45 , 47 mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation or 49 . In some embodiments, a mutated AOS2 gene encodes from a cysteine to a glycine at a position corresponding to a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid muta - position 407 of SEQ ID NO : 1, 3 , 5 , 7 , 9, 11, 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , tion from a leucine to a methionine at a position correspond - 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 . In some ing to position 320 of SEQ ID NO : 1, 3, 5 , 7, 9 , 11, 13, 15, 55 embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated 17 , 19 , 21 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31, 33 , 35 , 37 , 39, 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a 49 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a glycine to a cysteine to at a position corresponding to mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid mutation position 407 of SEQ ID NO : 13 or 15 . In some embodi from a methinone to a leucine at a position corresponding to ments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 position 320 of SEQ ID NO : 23 . In some embodiments, a 60 protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a phe mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that nylalanine to an isoleucine at a position corresponding to includes an amino acid mutation from a methionine to a position 423 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 5 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 19 , 21 , valine at a position corresponding to position 328 of SEQ ID 23 , 29 , 31, 35 , 37, 39 , 41 , 43 or 45 . In some embodiments , NO : 27 , 33 , 47 or 49. In some embodiments, a mutated a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes 65 includes an amino acid mutation from a leucine to a phe an amino acid mutation from a methionine to a leucine at a nylalanine at a position corresponding to position 430 of position corresponding to position 328 of SEQ ID NO : 1, 3, SEQ ID NO : 1, 3, 7 , 9 , 11, 13, 15 , 17, 19, 21, 23, 25 , 27, 29 , US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 62 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41, 43 , 45 , 47 or 49. In some embodi ogs ). However, due to variations in the AOS2 genes of ments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 diardifferent species , the number of the amino acid residue to be protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a serine changed in one species may be different in another species . to a glycine at a position corresponding to position 467 of Nevertheless , the analogous position is readily identified by SEQ ID NO : 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 19, 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 33, 5 one of skill in the art by sequence homology . Thus, analo 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 or position 466 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 29 , gous positions in paralogs can be identified and mutated . 31 , 35 or 37 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene Pathogens encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid The compositions and methods provided herein include mutation from a glycine to a serine at a position correspond AOS2 genes and AOS2 proteins that confer resistance ing to position 467 of SEQ ID NO : 39 . In some embodi - 10 and / or tolerance to pathogens . In some embodiments , the ments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 pathogen is a Phytophthora pathogen . In particular embodi protein that includes an amino acid mutation from a valine ments , the pathogen is Phytophthora infestans. In particular to a threonine at a position corresponding to position 480 of embodiments , the pathogen is a virus , bacteria , nematode , SEQ ID NO : 7 , 9 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , fungi and like. Viral pathogens include any plant virus, for 33 , 35 , 37 , 39, 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 or position 479 of SEQ15 example , tobacco or cucumber mosaic virus, potato virus Y , ID NO : 1 , 3 , 29 , 31, 35 or 37 . In some embodiments, a ringspot virus, necrosis virus, maize dwarf mosaic virus, and mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that the like. Fungal , oomycete and viral pathogens for major includes an amino acid mutation from an aspartic acid to a crops include, but are not limited to , Phytophthora , glycine at a position corresponding to position 494 of SEQ Fusarium ssp , Alternaria , Pythium spp ., Soybean mosaic ID NO : 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 20 virus , Tobacco Ring spot virus, Tobacco Streak virus , 41 , 45 , 47 or 49 or position 493 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 29 , 35 Tomato spotted wilt virus , Sclerotinia, Peronospora , Cla or 37 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene encodes dosporium , Erysiphe, Aspergillus , Puccinia spp ., Botrytis a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid muta spp ., Blumeria spp ., and Trichoderma. Bacterial plant patho tion from a glycine to an aspartic acid at a position corre - gens include any bacterial species that infect plant and sponding to position 494 of SEQ ID NO : 21 , 23 or 43 or 25 include , but are not limited to , Xanthomonas ( e . g . , position 493 of SEQ ID NO : 31 . In some embodiments, a Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. aurantifolii, Xanthomonas mutated AOS2 gene encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that campestris pv . campestris , Xanthomonas campestris pv . includes an amino acid mutation from a threonine to a lysine vesicatoria ) , Pseudomonas ( Pseudomonas syringae pv . at a position corresponding to position 495 of SEQ ID NO : tomato , Pseudomonas syringae pv . phaseolicola , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 , 19, 21, 23 , 25 , 27, 29, 31, 33 , 35 , 37, 39 , 41 , 30 Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae) , Erwinia ( e . g ., Erwinia 43 , 45 , 47 or 49 or position 494 of SEQ ID NO : 1 , 3 , 29 , 31 , carotovora subsp . atroseptica ) , Ralstonia ( e . g ., Ralstonia 35 or 37 . In some embodiments , a mutated AOS2 gene solanacearum ), Clavibacter michiganensis and Xylella fas encodes a mutated AOS2 protein that includes an amino acid tidiosa . mutation where a glutamic acid is deleted at a position Also provided is a transgenic or non - transgenic plant or corresponding to position 439 of SEQ ID NO : 1, 3 , 29 , 31 , 35 plant cell having one or more mutations in the AOS2 gene , 35 or 37 . for example , such as disclosed herein . In certain embodi In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments , ments , the plant or plant cell having one or more mutations compositions and methods disclosed herein , a mutated in an AOS2 gene has increased resistance and / or tolerance to AOS2 gene includes at least one mutation , at least two a pathogen . In certain embodiments, the plant or plant cell mutations, at least three mutations , at least four mutations, 40 having one or more mutations in an AOS2 gene may exhibit at least five mutations, at least six mutations, at least seven Subsubstantially normal growth or development of the plant, its mutations at least eight mutations , at least nine mutations, at organs , tissues or cells , as compared to the corresponding least ten mutations , at least eleven mutations , at least twelve wild - type plant or cell . In particular aspects and embodi mutations , at least thirteen mutations , at least fourteen ments provided are non - transgenic plants having a mutation mutations , at least fifteen mutations , at least sixteen muta - 45 in an AOS2 gene , for example , such as disclosed herein , tions , at least seventeen mutations, at least eighteen muta - which in certain embodiments has increased resistance and / tions , at least nineteen mutations , at least twenty mutations , or tolerance to Phytophthora infestans. at least twenty - one mutations, at least twenty -two mutations, Further provided are methods for producing a plant hav at least twenty - three mutations , at least twenty - four muta - ing a mutated AOS2 gene , for example , having one or more tions , at least twenty - five mutations , at least twenty - six 50 mutations as described herein ; preferably the plant substan mutations, at least twenty - seven mutations, at least twenty - tially maintains the catalytic activity of the wild - type protein eight mutations , at least twenty -nine mutations , at least irrespective of the presence or absence of a relevant patho thirty mutations, at least thirty - one mutations, at least thirty - gen . In certain embodiments , the methods include introduc two mutations , at least thirty - three mutations , at least thirty - ing into a plant cell a gene repair oligonucleobase with one four mutations , at least thirty - five mutations , at least thirty - 55 or more targeted mutations in the AOS2 gene ( e . g . , such as six mutations, or at least thirty - seven mutations. disclosed herein ) and identifying a cell, seed , or plant having Paralogs a mutated AOS2 gene . The subject mutations in the AOS2 gene are generally Plant Species described herein using the selected Solanum tuberosum In conjunction with any of the various aspects , embodi AOS2 genes and proteins with amino acids referenced to 60 ments , compositions and methods disclosed herein , a plant positions in SEQ ID NOs: 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , 11, 13 , 15 , 17 19 , 21 , or plant cell can be of any species of dicotyledonous , 23 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 , 37 , 39 , 41 , 43 , 45 , 47 and 49 and monocotyledonous or gymnospermous plant, including any nucleic acid positions referenced to positions in SEQ ID woody plant species that grows as a tree or shrub , any NOs: 2 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 10 , 12 , 14 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 30 , 32 , herbaceous species , or any species that produces edible 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 48 and 50 . The compositions and 65 fruits , seeds or vegetables , or any species that produces methods also encompass mutant AOS2 genes and proteins of colorful or aromatic flowers. For example , the plant or plant other potato cultivars as well as other plant species (paral cell may be selected from a species of plant selected from US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 63 64 the group consisting ofpotato , sunflower , sugar beet ,maize , variety Désirée . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell cotton , soybean , wheat , rye , oats , rice , canola, fruits , veg may be of the potato variety Fianna. In some embodiments , etables , tobacco , aubergine , barley, boxthane , sorghum , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety Finger tomato , tomatillo , tamarillo , mango , peach , apple , pear, ling . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of strawberry , banana , melon , goji berry , garden huckleberry , 5 the potato variety Flava . In some embodiments, the plant or ground cherry , carrot, lettuce , onion , soya spp , sugar cane , plant cell may be of the potato variety Fontana. In some pea , field beans, poplar , grape, citrus, alfalfa , rye, oats , turf embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato and forage grasses , cucurbits , flax , oilseed rape , cucumber , variety Golden Wonder . In some embodiments , the plant or squash , pumpkin , watermelon , muskmelons, morning glory , plant cell may be of the potato variety Innovator. In some balsam , pepper, sweet pepper, bell pepper , chili pepper , 10 embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato paprika, pimento , habanero , cayenne , eggplant, marigold , variety Jersey Royal . In some embodiments , the plant or lotus , cabbage , daisy , carnation , tulip , iris , lily , and nut- plant cell may be of the potato variety Kerr ' s Pink . In some producing plants insofar as they are not already specifically embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato mentioned . The plant or plant cell may also be of a species variety Kestrel. In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell selected from the group consisting of Arabidopsis thaliana , 15 may be of the potato variety King Edward . In some embodi Solanum tuberosum , Solanum phureja , Oryza sativa, Ama ments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety ranthus tuberculatus , and Zea mays. In various embodi- Kipfler. In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be ments , plants as disclosed herein can be of any species of the of the potato variety Lady Balfour. In some embodiments , Solanaceae family . the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety Maris In some embodiments , plants or plant cells may be a 20 Piper . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be tomato . In some embodiments , plants or plant cells may be of the potato variety Nicola . In some embodiments , the plant an eggplant. In some embodiments , plants or plant cells may or plant cell may be of the potato variety Pachacoña . In some be a pepper. In some embodiments , plants or plant cells may embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato be a soybean . In some embodiments , plants or plant cells variety Pink Eye . In some embodiments, the plant or plant may be tobacco . 25 cell may be of the potato variety Pink Fir Apple . In some In conjunction with any of the aspects , embodiments, embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato compositions and methods disclosed herein , plants can be a variety Primura . In some embodiments , the plant or plant potato of any commercial variety. For example , the plant or cell may be of the potato variety Red Norland . In some plant cell may be selected from a potato variety selected embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato from the group consisting of Anya , Arran Victory , Atlantic , 30 variety Red Pontiac . In some embodiments , the plant or Belle de Fontenay , BF - 15 , Bintje , Cabritas, Camota , Che plant cell may be of the potato variety Rooster. In some lina , Chiloé , Cielo , Clavela Blanca, Désirée , Fianna, Fin - embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato gerling , Fontana , Flava , Golden Wonder , Innovator, Jersey variety Russet Burbank . In some embodiments , the plant or Royal, Ken ' s Pink , Kestrel , King Edward , Kipfler , Lady plant cell may be of the potato variety Russet Norkotah . In Balfour, Maris Piper, Nicola , Pachacoña , Pink Eye , Pink Fir 35 some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the Apple , Primura , Red Norland , Red Pontiac , Rooster , Russet potato variety Shepody. In some embodiments , the plant or Burbank , Russet Norkotah , Shepody, Spunta, Vivaldi, plant cell may be of the potato variety Spunta . In some Yukon Gold , Nyayo , Mukori , Roslin Tana , Kerrs ' s Pink / embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato Meru , Golof, Kinongo , Ngure , Kenya Baraka , Maritta , variety Vivaldi. In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell Kihoro , Americar , Roslin Bvumbwe, Njine , Roslin Gucha , 40 may be of the potato variety Yukon Gold . In some embodi Arka , B53 (Roslin Eburu ) , Kiraya , Kenya Akiba , 9 , Origi - ments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety nal, Gituma, Mukorino , Amin , Pimpernel, Anett , B , Gituru , Nyayo . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be Feldeslohn , C , Kigeni, Romano , Kenya Ruaka , Purplu , of the potato variety Mukori . In some embodiments , the Njae , Suzanna , Cardinal, Kathama, Kinare -Mwene , Kibu plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety Roslin Tana . ruru , Karoa - Igura , Muturu , Faraja , Kiamucove , Michiri , 45 In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the Rugano , Njine Giathireko , Meru Mix , Blue Baranja , potato variety Kerrs ' s Pink /Meru . In some embodiments , the Patrones , Robijn , Roslin Chania , Urgentia , Mirka , and Ros - plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety Golof. In lin Sasamua . some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the In various embodiments , plants or plant cells as disclosed potato variety Kinongo . In some embodiments , the plant or herein can be a potato of any commercial variety . In some 50 plant cell may be of the potato variety Ngure. In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety Anya . In some embodiments, the plant or plant cell variety Kenya Baraka . In some embodiments , the plant or may be of the potato variety Arran Victory . In some embodi- plant cell may be of the potato variety Maritta . In some ments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato Atlantic . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may 55 variety Kihoro . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell be of the potato variety Belle de Fontenay. In some embodi- may be of the potato variety Americar. In some embodi ments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety ments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety BF - 15 . In some embodiments, the plant or plant cell may be Roslin Bvumbwe. In some embodiments, the plant or plant of the potato variety Bintje . In some embodiments , the plant cell may be of the potato variety Njine . In some embodi or plant cell may be of the potato variety Cabritas . In some 60 ments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato Roslin Gucha . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell variety Camota . In some embodiments , the plant or plant may be of the potato variety Arka . In some embodiments , the cell may be of the potato variety Chelina. In some embodi plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety B53 (Roslin ments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety Eburu ). In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be Chiloé , Cielo . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell 65 of the potato variety Kiraya . In some embodiments , the plant may be of the potato variety Clavela Blanca . In some or plant cell may be of the potato variety Kenya Akiba . In embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 65 potato variety 9 . In some embodiments , the plant or plant piece of a potato tuber containing at least one or two eyes cell may be of the potato variety Original. In some embodi- ( dormant buds ) , often referred to as seed potatoes . ments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety Also Provided are Mutations in the AOS2 Gene that Gituma. In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may Confer Resistance and /or tolerance to a relevant pathogen to be of the potato variety Mukorino . In some embodiments , 5 a plant or wherein the mutated AOS2 gene has substantially the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety Amin . In the same or altered enzymatic activity as compared to some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the wild - type AOS2 . potato variety Pimpernel . In some embodiments , the plant or Selection of Pathogen Resistant Plants and Application of plant cell may be of the potato variety Anett. In some Pathogens embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato Plants and plant cells can be tested for resistance and /or variety B . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may tolerance to a pathogen using commonly known methods in be of the potato variety Gituru . In some embodiments , the the art , e. g ., by growing the plant or plant cell in the presence plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety Feldeslohn . of a pathogen and measuring the rate of growth as compared In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the 16 to the growth rate in the absence of the pathogen . Pathogen potato variety C . In some embodiments , the plant or plant challenge for selection of resistant and / or tolerant plants cell may be of the potato variety Kigeni. In some embodi - may be achieved by using either sporangial or zoospore ments, the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety application of the pathogen . Resistance levels of the plant Romano . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may with these challenges can be rated according various meth be of the potato variety Kenya Ruaka . In some embodi- 20 ods such as determining the rate of increase in pathogen ments, the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety DNA from infected plant material, the rate of lesion size Purplu . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be progression etc . of the potato variety Njae. In some embodiments , the plant As used herein , substantially normal growth of a plant, or plant cell may be of the potato variety Suzanna . In some plant organ , plant tissue or plant cell is defined as a growth embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato 25 rate or rate of cell division of the plant, plant organ , plant variety Cardinal. In some embodiments , the plant or plant tissue, or plant cell that is at least 35 % , at least 50 % , at least cell may be of the potato variety Kathama . In some embodi- 60 % , or at least 75 % of the growth rate or rate of cell ments, the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety division in a corresponding plant, plant organ , plant tissue or Kinare -Mwene . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell plant cell expressing the wild - type AOS2 protein . may be of the potato variety Kibururu . In some embodi- 30 As used herein , substantially normal development of a ments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety plant, plant organ , plant tissue or plant cell is defined as the Karoa- Igura . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell occurrence of one or more development events in the plant, may be of the potato variety Muturu . In some embodiments , plant organ , plant tissue or plant cell that are substantially the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety Faraja . In the same as those occurring in a corresponding plant, plant some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the 35 organ , plant tissue or plant cell expressing the wild - type potato variety Kiamucove . In some embodiments , the plant AOS2 protein . or plant cell may be of the potato variety Michiri . In some In certain embodiments plant organs provided herein embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato include , but are not limited to , leaves , stems, roots , vegeta variety Rugano . In some embodiments , the plant or plant tive buds, floral buds , meristems, embryos , cotyledons , cell may be of the potato variety Njine Giathireko . In some 40 endosperm , sepals , petals , pistils , carpels , stamens, anthers , embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato microspores , pollen , pollen tubes, ovules , ovaries and fruits , variety Meru Mix . In some embodiments , the plant or plant or sections , slices or discs taken therefrom . Plant tissues cell may be of the potato variety Blue Baranja . In some include , but are not limited to , callus tissues , ground tissues , embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be of the potato vascular tissues, storage tissues, meristematic tissues, leaf variety Patrones . In some embodiments, the plant or plant 45 tissues , shoot tissues , root tissues , gall tissues , plant tumor cell may be of the potato variety Robijn . In some embodi- tissues , and reproductive tissues. Plant cells include , but are ments, the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety not limited to , isolated cells with cell walls , variously sized Roslin Chania . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell aggregates thereof, and protoplasts. may be of the potato variety Urgentia . In some embodi- Plants are substantially “ tolerant” to a relevant pathogen ments, the plant or plant cell may be of the potato variety 50 when they are subjected to it and provide a dose /response Mirka . In some embodiments , the plant or plant cell may be curve which is shifted to the right when compared with that of the potato variety Roslin Sasamua . provided by similarly subjected non -tolerant like plant . Such The gene repair oligonucleobase can be introduced into a dose / response curves have " dose” plotted on the X - axis and plant cell using any method commonly used in the art , “ percentage kill ” , “ pathogenic effect" , etc ., plotted on the including but not limited to , microcarriers (biolistic deliv - 55 y -axis . Tolerant plants will require more pathogen than ery ) , microfibers , polyethylene glycol ( PEG ) -mediated non - tolerant like plants in order to produce a given patho uptake , electroporation , and microinjection . genic effect. Plants that are substantially “ resistant to the Also provided are methods and compositions related to pathogen exhibit few , if any, necrotic , lytic , chlorotic or the culture of cells mutated according to methods as dis - other lesions, when subjected to a pathogen at concentra closed herein in order to obtain a plant that produces seeds, 60 tions and rates which are typical of pathogen exposure in the henceforth a “ fertile plant, ” and the production of seeds and field . Plants which are resistant to a pathogen are also additional plants from such a fertile plant. tolerant of the pathogen . Also provided are methods and compositions related to Polymerase Chain Reaction Methods for Detecting and the culture of cells mutated according to methods as dis - Quantifying Pathogens in Plants closed herein in order to obtain a plant that produces 65 Host resistance to a pathogen can be determined utilizing substantially normal tubers with substantially normal yield methods already established and known to those skilled in such that substantially normal plants arise from a tuber or the art. Generally , diverse methods are commonly utilized US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 67 68 for diverse pathogens but in general, the following can be mental stage ( ex : 3 week old plants ) . Inoculated plants are utilized for application toward fungal and bacterial patho - maintained at high humidity for 3 - 4 days and the infection gens . severity is assessed by sampling two to three leaf discs that Pathogen resistance and / or tolerance may be determined are ground up and resulting supernatant plated on bacterial by monitoring the presence and amount of pathogen specific 5 growth media to enumerate the bacterial colony forming nucleic acid in a plant. For example, leaflets in a plant are units arising from the infected plant material . inoculated with 10 ul droplets of sporangial suspension Infection severity of the converted plant will be assessed ( 30 -40 sporangia /?L ) on both sides of the midrib . Oberhage by evaluating the colony forming units arising from the mann , P ., et al. Mol. Breed . Vol. 5 , p . 399 -415 ( 1999 ) .Disease infected tissue of the converted plant compared with those symptoms may be scored 7 days post infection . DNA is 10 arising from the infected tissue of the wildtype plants . extracted from infected plant material. Pathogen growth is One skilled in the art readily appreciates that the present monitored using Phytophthora infestans ribosomal DNA invention is well adapted to carry out the objects and obtain specific primers as described in ( exemplary forward primer the ends and advantages mentioned , as well as those inherent sequence : 5 ' GAAAGGCATAGAAGGTAGA -3 ' (SEQ ID therein . The examples provided herein are representative of NO : 53 ) and exemplary reverse primer sequence : 5 ' TAAC - 15 preferred embodiments , are exemplary , and are not intended CGACCAAGTAGTAAA -3 ' (SEQ ID NO : 54 ) ) . Intensities as limitations on the scope of the invention . of Phytophthora infestans amplicons are calibrated relative to potato tubulin DNA bands . Band intensities are quantified EXAMPLES and converted to arbitrary units relative to the absolute values obtained from control plants . Judelson , HS , et al. 20 The following are examples , which illustrate procedures Phytopathology , vol. 90 , p . 1112 - 1119 (2000 ) . for practicing the invention . These examples should not be Pathogen resistance levels on the potato plants of interest construed as limiting . All percentages are by weight and all can be assessed by the challenge of the plants with Phy - solvent mixture proportions are by volume unless otherwise tophthora infestans or other pathogen of interest . For Phy - noted . tophthora infestans, leaves of 6 - 8 week old plants will be 25 detached and placed with the abaxial side facing upward on Example 1 4 % water agar plates . Leaves are inoculated with a drop of sporangial suspension (at 40 ,000 - 100 ,000 sporangia /mL ) Increase of Plant Pathogen Resistance Using using a Pasteur pipette on the abaxial side of the leaf. Plates RTDSTM Technology will be placed in an 18° C . incubator with 12 h photoperiod . 30 Disease development will be scored 6 days post inocula Evaluation Of Cultivars Of Interest For Genotype At The tion and as necessary according to published methods as in Aos2 Gene Loci Vleeshouwers et al. (2000 ) Physiol and Mol Plant Pathol - Utilizing skills of the trade that are known to those trained ogy, vol. 57 , p . 35 - 42 ; Vleeshouwers et al. ( 1999 ) Europ J of in the art , potato cultivars of interest are subjected to Plant Pathology , vol. 105 , p . 241 - 250 ; Oberhagemann et al. 35 genotyping as follows: Genomic DNA of plant cultivars of ( 1999) Molecular Breeding , vol. 5 , p . 399 -415 . interest were extracted with known methods and was sub For fungal infection assays, infection level assessment jected to Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR ) mediated gene will be carried out according to published methods for each amplification to isolate all AOS2 alleles present within the fungal- host interactions . References include Rogers et al. said genomic DNA samples . PCR primers used for the ( 1994 ) Plant Cell, vol. 6 , p . 935 - 945 ; Valent et al . ( 1991 ) 40 amplification are as follows: Forward primer 5 -CACCTTT Genetics, vol. 127 , p . 87 -101 ; Thomas et al. ( 1997 ) Plant GTATCACTAACATTACCCATCC - 3 ' (SEQ ID NO : 51 ) and Cell, vol. 9 , p . 2209 - 2224 . Reverse primer 5 -GCATGTGTTGCTTGTTCTT AT Typically , for a sporulating fungus, inoculations are car AATTTCAG - 3' (SEQ ID NO : 52 ). The amplified fragments ried out utilizing an inoculum containing spores of fungus of were cloned into TOPO 2 . 1 vector ( Invitrogen Corporation , interest at a desired concentration . This inoculum will be 45 Carlsbad , CA ) and subjected to sequencing at 12 clones per sprayed on a plant at a specific developmental stage ( ex : amplification . Utilizing Vector NTI software analysis pack prior to 4th leaf emergence /6 - 8 week old etc .) . The inocu - age ( Invitrogen Corporation , Carlsbad , CA ) , the resulting lated plants will be incubated under high humidity condi sequences were aligned with the reference sequence ( SEQ tions for 24 h post inoculation and then will be transferred ID NO 2 ) and polymorphic sites were determined . Transla to desired growth conditions under day - night cycles appro - 50 tion of the said nucleic acid sequences to protein coding priate for the host plant growth . The infection intensity will sequence was also carried out utilizing the Vector NTI be assessed typically 3 - 4 days after infection and scored sequence analysis software and the resulting sequences were according to established methods for the host -pathogen compared with the reference protein sequence (SEQ ID NO system . Typically , non - sporulating lesions will be assessed 1 ) to identify polymorphic amino acids . The amino acid as " resistant” reactions while sporulating lesions are con - 55 positions are designated in accordance to the amino acid sidered as “ susceptible ” reactions. The latter are rated for positions of the reference protein sequence given by SEQ ID infection severity according to size and appearance of the NO 1. lesions . Characterization of the Biochemical Activities of AOS2 For assessment of disease severity related to bacterial Alleles (In Vitro ) pathogens , published methods for each bacterial species will 60 The nucleic acid of the identified AOS2 alleles were PCR be utilized as mentioned in Elibox , W . , et al . ( 2008 ) Phy - amplified with the primers as described earlier but with topathology, vol. 98 , p . 421 - 426 ; Chaudhry et al. (2006 ) — added Xma I and Pst I sites to the Forward and Reverse Pakistan J of Botany, vol. 38 ( 1 ) , p . 193 - 203 ; Zhao et al . primers, respectively , to introduce Xma I and Pst I sites at ( 2005 ) J of Bacteriology, vol. 187, p . 8088 . Typically , for the 5 ' and 3 ' ends respectively of the alleles to facilitate bacterial pathogens , a bacterial suspension at a pre- deter - 65 cloning of the amplified products into the pQE30 vector for mined density ( ex : 5x104 colony forming units ) will be heterologous expression in E . coli M15( strain , Qiagen Inc . , infiltrated into leaves of host plant at a particular develop - Valencia , Calif. ) . The PCR amplified fragments were US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 69 70 digested with Xma I and Pst I restriction enzymes and were decrease in absorbance at A234 is monitored over time and cloned into similarly digested pQE30b vector ( subjected to resulting kinetic data is used to calculate the specific activity Site Directed Mutagenesis to insert a nucleotide 5 ' to the of each of the proteins of interest. Enzymes with the highest Xma I site such that any gene fragment cloned into the Xma specific activities are considered as those of interest and the I site is in frame with the coding sequence of the pQE30 5 amino acid sequences of such enzymes are compared to vector ) and clones were selected by transformation into E . those with lower specific activities to identify the specific coli strain XL - 1 Blue . The resulting expression plasmids were extracted from XL - 1 Blue cells and subjected to colony theamino AOS2 acid proteinspositions. that confer superior catalytic activity to PCR and sequencing to verify cloning and absence of any frameshifts . The verified clones were transformed into M15 10 . To evaluate the effect of the G231T mutation , the 6917692 cells (Oiagen Inc . Valencia . Calif. ) and used for protein nucleotides ( nt ) of StAOS2 alleles StAOS2 _ CB17 and expression analysis . StAOS2 _ CB18 of Bintje were converted from G / G to A / C For protein expression analyses, 500 uL of overnight 5 using site directed mutagenesis (SDM ) leading to a G231T mL cultures of strains of interest ( e . g . vector only strain transition in the respective AOS2 proteins . The amino acid harboring a plasmid without an AOS2 gene and strain of 15 ( aa ) polymorphisms found throughout these AOS2 proteins interest harboring a single allele of AOS2 gene, ) were each are given in Table 2 . Those clones were subjected to inoculated into a 10 mL of LB medium supplemented with biochemical assay as described above and the specific carbenicillin ( 100 ug /mL ) and Kanamycin (25 ug /mL ) . The activities of those proteins and those altered at the 231 aa cultures were incubated at 37° C . with 250 rpm agitation position are given in Table 3 . until the absorbance at 600 nm ( A600 ) reached desired OD 20 units ( e . g ., 0 . 6 - 0 . 8 OD units ) . Then the cells were induced TABLE 2 for protein expression with 1 mM of IPTG and incubated at desired temperature (e . g. , 12° C .) with 100 rpm agitation for The genotype differences among amino acid positions 48, 76 , 231, the desired time period ( e . g ., 3 - 7 days ) . Protein expression 328, 423 and 494 of StAOS2 alleles of Bintje was monitored with SDS PAGE gel electrophoresis and by 25 subjected to the biochemical activity assay. spectral analysis for the expression of a Type I cytochromoe P450 protein . AOS2 protein purification is carried out uti 48 76 231 328 423 494 lizing commercially available Ni NTA binding columns according to manufacturer instructions ( Thermo Scientific , StAOS2 _ CB17 I N G L I D Rockford , ill . ) . 30 StAOS2 _ CB17 _ G2311 T N T L I D Biochemical Assay for the Characterization of the Cata StAOS2 _ CB18 T D G AAoo lytic Activity of the AOS2 Proteins StAOS2 _ CB18 _ G2311 T D T L I G The purified proteins expressed in E . coli are used to assay for the catalytic activity of the proteins encoded by the TABLE 3 Specific activities of the proteins encoding StAOS2 alleles , StAOS2 _ CB18 and StAOS2 _ CB17 and their derivatives . The genotype at the 691 /692 nt positions as G /G and A / C respectively correspond to G and T at the 231 aa in the encoded proteins.

Normalized Normalized StAOS2 StAOS2 Average Fold specific specific StAOS2 Change activity activity specific ( compared 691 /692 Trial 1 Trial 2 activity to the Genotype (UM /min /mg (UM /min /mg (UM /min /mg wildtype Allele Name (231 aa ) protein ) protein ) protein ) allele ) Percentage StAOS2 _ CB18 GG ( G ) 14 . 55 9 . 66 12 . 11 StAOS2 _ CB18 _ G2311 AC ( T ) 17 . 73 13. 19 15 . 46 1 . 3x 30 % StAOS2 _ CB17 GG (G ) 7 . 64 * 5 . 83 6 . 74 StAOS2 _ CB17 _ G231T AC ( T ) 16 . 88 * 12 . 8 14 . 84 2 .2x 120 %

55 identified different alleles of the AOS2 gene . The assay is As shown in Table 3 , when specific activities of the carried out according to published protocols (Schreier and isogenic proteins that only differ at the 231 aa position are Lorenz (1982 ) Z . Naturforsch , Vol. 37° C ., p . 165) . In compared to each other , conversion of the genotype at general, 13S - hydroperoxy - 97 , 11E - octadecadienoic acid 691/ 692 nt positions of the StAOS2 gene alleles from G / G ( 13 - HPODE) and 13S -hydroperoxy - 97 , 11E , 15Z - octadeca - 60 to A / C results in increasing the specific activity of the trienoic acid (HPOTrE ) act as the substrate for the enzyme encoded proteins . assay and a reference sample with no added enzyme serves Further evaluations of the effect of the amino acid profile as negative control. To assess the catalytic activity of the at the 231 and 328 positions of the protein encoded by the different proteins encoded by the different AOS2 alleles , a StAOS2 CB18 indicates that the combination of the amino known amount of purified protein normalized by spectral 65 acid make up at these two positions increase the specific analysis or other means is determined with 3 - 13 uM solution activity of the AOS2 protein . The data is provided in Table of substrate in 0 . 1 M Phosphate buffer pH 6 . 0 . The rate of 4 . US 9 , 790 ,515 B2 71 TABLE 4 . The specific activities of the proteins encoded by StAOS2 _ CB18 allele and its derivatives differing at the 231 and 328 aa residues . AOS2 specific AOS2 specific AOS2 specific 231 328 activity Trial i activity Trial 2 activity Average ??. ?? . (UM /min /mg ) (uM /min /mg ) (UM /min /mg ) StAOS2 _ CB18 _ L328V G V 9 . 147982 9 .982926 9 . 565454 StAOS2 _ CB18 _ G231T _ L328V 6 .738131 6 . 950514 6 . 844323 STAOS2 _ CB18 G L 7 .355882 9 . 447077 8 . 40148 StAOS2 _ CB18 _ G231T TL 9 . 190796 10 . 25108 9 .72094

The alteration of the amino acid (aa ) profile of the AOS2 alleles of Bintje potato cultivar , StAOS2 _ CB18 _ G231T , protein encoded by StAOS2 _ CB18 allele at the 328 aa 15 driven by the Arabidopsis thaliana AtAOS2 promoter were position from L to V ( StAOS2 _ CB1 _ L328V ) increased used to complement the null mutant phenotype of the A . activity when combined with G at 231 aa position but thaliana aos2 mutant plants . The resulting transgenics were decreased activity when combined with T at the 231 aa advanced to the T3 generation to obtain homozygotes and position ( StAOS2 _ CB18 _ G231 _ L328V ) . The data provides resulting plants were subjected to JA quantification studies that a G231T transition when combined with L328V muta - 20 as per described methods (Chebab et al. (2008 ) , PLoS ONE , tion leads to a decrease in AOS2 protein specific activity and vol 3 : p .e1904 ; Schmelz et al. ( 2003 ) Plant Physiol, vol 133 : is indicative that the interplay between the aa profiles at these two positions impact the activity of the AOS2 protein . p 295 ; Engelberth et al. ( 2003 ) Anal Biochem , vol. 312 , p In vitro activity assays were also utilized to test the effect 242 ) . The results are shown in Table 5 . of D76N mutation in StAOS2 CB19 . StAOS2 CB19 was 25 subjected to SDM to yield StAOS2 _CB19 _ D76N allele with TABLE 5 the 76th residue in AOS2 protein converted to an Asparagine The JA accumulation pattern in the Arabidopsis thaliana ( N ) from Aspartic acid ( D ) . These were evaluated for transgenic lines harboring StAOS2 _ CB19 or StAOS2 _ Cb18 _ G231T alleles . Average JA amounts shown represent JA levels present specific activity differences utilizing the methods described in Arabidopsis leaf tissue under basal expression levels above . Data collected from three independent trials indi- 30 at ng per gram fresh weight. The results shown are averages cated that the D76N mutation led to an approximately 30 % of two replicate samples containing multiple leaves . decrease in enzyme activity . Those alleles with superior catalytic activity are chosen StAOS2 Allele Plant Line Average JA StError for in planta assays . StAOS2 _ CB19 1001- 13 - 6 32 .34 4 . 25 Characterization of the Biochemical Activities of AOS2 35 1001- 14 - 6 29 . 94 5 .69 1001 - 14 - 7 59 .91 1 . 96 Alleles ( In Vivo ) 1001- 19 - 4 107 . 21 22 . 59 To evaluate the hypothesis that those AOS2 proteins with 1001- 4 - 6 16 .04 1 .63 superior in vitro biochemical activity will also have superior 1001- 9 - 1 20 .48 7 .47 in planta biochemical activity, those AOS2 alleles that StAOS2 _ CB18 _ G231T 1003 - 10 - 8 20 . 90 6 . 26 1003 - 16 - 6 84 . 20 24 . 58 exhibit superior specific activities are cloned into a plant 40 1003 - 17 - 1 97 .60 18 . 37 binary vector under a constitutive or Arabidopsis AOS2 1003 - 17 - 2 81 . 08 1 . 81 promoter. Utilizing Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated 1003 - 4 - 4 95 .50 3 . 61 transformation method , these constructs are transformed 1003 - 7 - 9 67 .66 30 . 93 into Arabidopsis thaliana AOS2 gene disrupted plant line aos2 0 . 16 0 . 02 CS6149 (TAIR , http : // www .arabidopsis .org / via established 45 Col- 0 74 . 17 7 .53 methods (Bent et al . ( 2000 ) Plant Physiol , vol. 124 , p . 1540 ) . Transformants are identified by appropriate selection (de - The experiments provided that , on the whole , A . thaliana pendent on the slectable marker present in the binary vec - transgenics harboring StAOS2 _ CB18 _G231T with a T and tor - i. e ., kanamycin for the nptIl gene as the selectable L aa profile at 231 and 328 aa positions respectively accu marker ) , molecular means, as well as the ability of the 50 mulated a higher level of JA (with an average of 44 . 32 ng of introduced AOS2 genes to complement the AOS2 deficient JA / g . f . w . ) than those harboring StAOS2 _ CB19 with a T and phenotype of abnormal pollination / silique development as a Vaa profile ( with an average of 74 . 45 ng of JA / g . f. w . ) at the result of male sterility caused by the absence of a functional said positions, respectively . This data is consistent with that AOS2 gene. The AOS2 gene complemented plant lines are presented in Table 3 providing that the interplay between the assessed for JA and / or OPDA levels at basal and inducing 55 231 and 328 aa of the AOS2 protein play a role in modu conditions using established methods (Chebab et al. (2008 ) , lating the AOS2 protein activity. This data also validates the PLoS ONE , vol 3 : p . e1904 ; Schmelz et al. ( 2003 ) Plant in vitro collected data in planta described herein , indicating Physiol, vol 133 : p 295; Engelberth et al . (2003 ) Anal that the 231 and 328 positions of the AOS2 protein plays a Biochem , vol. 312 , p 242. ). Alternatively , complemented role in modulating the JA levels in planta . lines are utilized for plant disease assays utilizing pathogens 60 To evaluate the effect of the StAOS2 genotype and of Arabidopsis such as Erwinia carotovora or ssp . caroto - subsequent aa profile of the AOS2 protein on disease toler vora or Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis and / or others to ance , the A . thaliana transgenic plants harboring the test the hypothesis that higher JA levels or AOS2 catalytic StAOS2 Alleles, StAOS2_ CB18 _G231T and activity leads to enhanced resistance and /or tolerance to StAOS2 _ CB19 of Bintje potato cultivar were inoculated pathogens. 65 with Erwinia carotovora ssp . carotovora (Ecc ) at 5x104 To evaluate the impact of aa polymorphisms of AOS2 cfu /ml according to established methods (Kariola et al. , protein on in planta jasmonic acid (JA ) accumulation , two (2003 ) Arabidopsis, 16 : MPMI, 179 - 187 ). At various time US 9 ,790 ,515 B2 73 74 points post inoculation , leaf samples were recovered and material , e . g ., primer -mediated specific amplification of the bacterial titer was quantified . Bacterial growth was signifi - desired targets to identify those with the desired alterations . cantly lower in A . thaliana transgenics harboring Evaluation and Application of Multiple Rounds of StAOS2 _ CB18 _G231T than those with the StAOS2 _ CB19 RTDSTM allele . 5 Once plant material with the desired alterations in the Evaluation of the Effect of the 231 aa Profile on the AOS2 gene are identified , genotypic analysis of the AOS2 Tolerance of Potato to Phytophthora infestans gene locus is repeated to completely evaluate the nature of To correlate a functional distinction to the genotype the AOS2 allele diversity . If “ susceptible ” or “ intermediary ” differences in StAOS2 gene alleles and test the hypothesis type alleles still exist , those plants / calli are again subjected that StAOS2 gene alleles with A / C at the 691 /692 nt confers 1 to RTDS manipulations to produce desired alterations at the increased tolerance when compared to those that contain allele . If needed , such iterative rounds of RTDS and selec G /G at these positions , two variants of the StAOS2 allele , tion are repeated as necessary until the desired genotype at StAOS2 _ CB18 and StAOS2 _ CB18 _ G231T , with G / G and the AOS2 locus/ loci is obtained A / C at the 691/ 692 nt positions, respectively , were over 15 Final Assessment of Cultivars with Desired Alterations. expressed in potato under the 35S promoter. Some of the Once calli with the targeted changes are identified , those resulting lines were tested for tolerance to Phytophthora are regenerated into plants . Such plants are subjected to infestans using the standard detached leaf assay . In short , for evaluations utilizing pathogen assays, JA /OPDA level each tested allele , leaves from approximately six indepen - assessment, protein expression analyses . For these efforts , dent 4 -8 week old transgenic potato plants grown in soil 20 the wildtype plant are utilized as a control to assess the were detached and inoculated with 300 spores at 4 locations extent of the intended changes such as higher pathogen on the abaxial side of the leaf. The leaves were kept in dark resistance, higher JA /OPDA levels in the plants containing for 24 hours post inoculation and then incubated with 12 the desired conversions. hours of dark and with light at 18° C . for 8 days. The experiment was repeated with identical results using inde - 25 Example 2 pendent detached leaf assays . While leaves from plants with over - expression of the StAOS2 _ CB18 developed lesions Identification of Novel Mutations of the AOS2 similar to the wildtype Bintje potato plants and the empty Gene Enhancing AOS2 Activity and in Planta vector control transgenic , leaves from transgenic plants with Functional Assay StAOS2_ CB18 _ G231T show markedly decreased or no 30 lesion development. Therefore , this supports that over -ex Generation of Novel Alleles of StAOS2 Gene pression of the StAOS2 gene allele with the A / C genotype To find those amino acids that can enhance the catalytic at the 691/ 692 nt results in increased tolerance to Phy activity or the stability of the AOS2 protein that are not tophthora infestans in potato plants . Similarly , these two gene constructs were also expressed 35 observed in nature or those that are not detected by such in potato plants under the native promoter of the StAOS2 genotyping analyses (see above ), a random mutagenesis gene. Potato cultivar Bintje is the parent line to the trans effort or a more directed effort at targeted mutagenesis of genics while Bintje _ pJIHoon is the vector only control specific target residues of the AOS2 protein are undertaken transgenic line . The resulting plant lines were also subjected utilizing error prone PCR or Site Directed Mutagenesis to infection with Phytophthora infestans utilizing the stan - 40 (SDM ) . For site directed mutagenesis , the target sites could dard detached leaf assay ( described herein ) . Similar to the constitute sites in the AOS2 gene identified by the genotyp results obtained for the transgene over -expression plants , ing efforts described above ( e . g . , N76D and T495K ) , other while those leaves from plants with over- expression of the sites such as those that are predicted to be in the vicinity of StAOS2 _ CB18 developed lesions similar to the empty vec - the enzyme active site that can have an effect on substrate tor control transgenic , leaves from plants with 45 binding or catalytic activity or others that may affect cata StAOS2 _ CB1_ G231T show markedly decreased or no lytic activity at a distance . lesion development. For such efforts a plasmid DNA of a construct containing RTDSTM Mediated Conversion of the AOS2 Alleles a reference gene such as that given by SEQ ID NO : 2 is To convert AOS2 alleles of interest via the RTDSTM utilized and is subjected to the mutagenesis using estab technology , AOS2 GRON is delivered to plant protoplasts 50 lished methods (Diversify Random PCR mutagenesis Kit , ( i . e . , via PEG mediated uptake of nucleic acids, by elec - Clonetech , Mountain view , CA ) ; Error prone refs ; troporation , etc .) carrying a specific change at the targeted QuikChange XL Site -Directed Mutagenesis Kit ; Stratagene , nucleic acid residue of interest . For example , to obtain San Diego , Calif . ) . The mutated clones are selected and desired A / C conversions at the 691/ 692 position of the subjected to sequence analysis to identify the mutations and AOS2 gene , respectively , the GRON carries a sequence 55 those of interest are selected for heterologous protein identical to the upstream and downstream of the 691/ 692 expression utilizing the pQE30 expression system of Qiagen positions of the target AOS2 allele but with AC at the Inc . , Valencia , Calif . (see below ) . 691/ 692 positions . The GRON treated cells are developed Alternatively , a library of such mutagenized constructs into calli using established methods . are cloned into a binary vector and transformed into plant Selection of Plants /Calli with Desired Genotypic Altera - 60 protoplasts and transformants are developed into calli and tions are regenerated into plants . The resulting calli are subjected Those plants/ calli with the desired alterations are selected to JA /OPDA levels quantification with established methods by selection with pathogen challenge ( in the potato late (see e. g ., Chebab et al ., (2008 ), PLoS ONE , vol 3 : p .e1904 ; blight pathosystem , pathogen challenge will constitute Phy- Schmelz ( 2003 ) Plant Physiol, vol 133 : p 295 ; Engelberth et tophthora sporangial or zoospore application ). Alternatively , 65 al. (2003 ) Anal Biochem , vol. 312 , p 242. ) and the tolerance the plants /calli with desired alterations are chosen based on of these lines are assessed using a pathogen of interest ( e . g . non - selection methods such as sequencing of the calli /plant Phytophthora infestans ) . US 9 , 790 ,515 B2 75 76 Example 3 All patents and publications mentioned in the specifica tion are indicative of the levels of those of ordinary skill in Identification of Novel Mutations of the AOS2 the art to which the invention pertains . All patents and publications are herein incorporated by reference to the Gene Enhancing AOS2 Activity and 5 same extent as if each individual publication was specifi Complementation Analysis in Arabidopsis cally and individually indicated to be incorporated by ref The AOS2 gene variants that are collected via genotyping erenceThe .invention illustratively described herein suitably may analyses or the mutagenesis procedures described above are be practiced in the absence of any element or elements , transformed into the Arabidopsis thaliana aos2 mutant line limitation or limitations which is not specifically disclosed CS6149 ( TAIR , http : / /www . arabidopsis . org / ) and AOS2 " herein . Thus , for example , in each instance herein any of the alleles of interest are selected by JA /OPDA levels or by terms " comprising ” , “ consisting essentially of” and “ con pathogen assays as described above . sisting of may be replaced with either of the other two While the invention has been described and exemplified terms. The terms and expressions which have been employed are used as terms of description and not of in sufficient detail for those skilled in this art to make and use 15 limitation , and there is no intention that in the use of such it , various alternatives , modifications, and improvements terms and expressions of excluding any equivalents of the should be apparent without departing from the spirit and features shown and described or portions thereof, but it is scope of the invention . The examples provided herein are recognized that various modifications are possible within the representative of preferred embodiments, are exemplary , scope of the invention claimed . Thus, it should be under and are not intended as limitations on the scope of the 20 stood that although the present invention has been specifi invention . Modifications therein and other uses will occur to cally disclosed by preferred embodiments and optional those skilled in the art. These modifications are encom features, modification and variation of the concepts herein passed within the spirit of the invention and are defined by disclosed may be resorted to by those skilled in the art , and the scope of the claims. that such modifications and variations are considered to be It will be readily apparent to a person skilled in the art that 25 within the scope of this invention as defined by the appended varying substitutions and modifications may be made to the claims. invention disclosed herein without departing from the scope Other embodiments are set forth within the following and spirit of the invention . claims.

SEQUENCE LISTING

< 160 > NUMBER OF SEQ ID NOS : 54 < 210 > SEQ ID NO 1 < 211 > LENGTH : 509 < 212 > TYPE : PRT 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 1 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ser Leu His Gin in Gln Phe Pro Ser Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe Arg Pro Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 30 Ser Glu Lys Pro Thr Ile Val Val Thr Gln Pro Thr Lys Leu Pro Thr 35 45 Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys 50 Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys forbestfAsp Glu Phe Phe Glu Ser Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro 85 feladatise Pro Gly Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 110 Gly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 115 125 Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly elea 130 hoursagoBotella Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys 160 Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Arg Arg Asp His Val 165 175 US 9 , 790 , 515 B2 - continued Ile &Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp 180 185 190 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 195 200 205 Gin Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arg Ser Leu Phe Gly Val Asn Pro 215 Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Thr Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 225 230 235 240 Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Phe

Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val 260 265 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 275 280 285 Ser Leu Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala 295

Cys His Asn Leu Leu Phe Ala Thr Cys Phe Asn Ser Phe 3Gly 305 310 315 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Leu Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val

Glu Val His Thr Arq Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Ara Ser Glu Val Lys Ser ?mmmmm 340 345 350 Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 355 360 365 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser 375 Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 385 390 395 400 Val Phe Glu Val mmmLys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala 420 425 430 | Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu Trp 435 440 445 Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu Ser Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys in Cys 455 Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr Glu 465 470 475 480 Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Gly Lys Ser Ala

Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr Ser Leu Lys Lys Ala . ? | 500 505

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 2 < 211 > LENGTH : 1530 < 212 > TYPE : DNA < 213 > ORGANISMmmmmmmmm : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 2 atqgcattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcct cttccttctcttcaccaaca atttccatca 60

aaatactcca catttcgtcc tattattgtt tctttatcgg aaaagccaac aatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc tactaggaca atacctggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcaag ggaaagacga atttttcgaa 240 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 19. - continued tcaagagtag tgaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccattc 300 atttcttcta acccgaaggt tattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttcga aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttacatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttct tctcgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaattc 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgttc 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga actgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtactcact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccagttta ttcgccgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttca 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttctcttc getacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gotgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatocg atcggaagta aaatccgctg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtttatg aagctttgcg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaaggagaa 1320 aagttattga aatatgtatt atggtctaat ggaccggaaa cggaaagtcc aacagtgggg 1380 aataaacagt gtgctggcaa agattttgta gtgatggttt cgaggttatt cgtaacggag 1440 ttttttctcc gttacgatac attcaacgtc gacgttggta agtcggcgtt gggggcttca 1500 attactataa cttctttgaa aaaagcttag 1530

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 3 < 211 > LENGTH : 509 < 212 > TYPE : PRT AA|213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 3 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu &Pro Ser Leu His Gin o Gin Phe Pro Ser Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe Arg Pro Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 20

Ser Glu Lys Pro Thr Ile Val Val Thr Gln Pro ?Thr Lys Phe &Pro Thr 35 40 Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys . Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys Asp Glu Phe Phe Glu 65 msSer Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro mm 8 Pro Gly Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 100 Gly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 115 am 120 Asp Leu Phe Thr GlyGly Thr TyrTyr MetMet ProPro Ser Thr Gluclu LeuLeu ThrThr Glycly GlyGly US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 81 - continued | Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys 145 150 155 160 Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Arg Arg Asp His Val 165 170 Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp 180 190 Lys Glu Met Ala Asp Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 200 Gin Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arg Ser Leu Phe Gly Val Asn Pro 220 Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Thr Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 225 230 235 240 Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Val 245 250 Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val 260 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gln Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 280 Ser Leu Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala 300

Cys His Asn Leu Leu Phe Ala Thr Cys Phe Asn Ser ?Phe Gly Gly Met 305 310 315 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Leu Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val 325 1 330 Glu Val His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arg Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 340 | 350 | Ala Gly Gly Lys Met Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 360 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser mmmmm 380 Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 385 390 395 400 Val Phe Glu Val mmmLys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe 405 410 Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala 420 430 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu Trp 440 mmm Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu Ser Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gin Cys mmmmm 460 Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe mmmVal Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr Glu mmmm465 | 470 475 480 Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Gly Lys Ser Ala 485 490

Leu Gly .Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr Ser Leu Lys Lys Ala 500 505 mmm < 210 > SEQ ID NO 4 211 > LENGTH : 1530 mmmmm < 212 > TYPE : DNA < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 4 atqacattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcctmmmmm cttccttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca | 60 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 83 84 - continued aaatactcca catttcgtcc tattattgtt tctttatcgg aaaagccaac aatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaatttcc tactaggaca atacctggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcaag ggaaagacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag tgaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccattc 300 atttcttcta acccgaaggt tattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttcga aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttacatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttct tctcgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaatto 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga taaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgtto 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga actgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtactcact ctcggtcttc cgaaagttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccagttta ttcgccgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttca 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttctcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gctgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggagtgga ggtccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgctg gcgggaagat gacgatgtcg 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtttatg aagcgttgcg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaaggagaa 1320 aagttattga aatatgtatt atggtctaat ggaccggaaa cggaaagtcc aacagtgggg 1380 aataaacagt gtgctggcaa agattttgta gtgatggttt cgaggttatt cgtaacggag 1440 ttttttctcc gttacgatac attcaacgtc gacgttggta agtcggcgtt gggggcttca 1500 attactataa cttctttgaa aaaagcttag 1530

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 5 < 211 > LENGTH : 510 < 212 > TYPE : PRT < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 5 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ser Leu His Gin

f Gin Phe ÅPro Ser Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe Arg Pro Ile Ile Ala Ser Leu enes20 Ser Glu Lys Pro Ile Ile Val Val Thr Gin Pro Thr Lys Leu Pro Thr

40 t Arg Thr Met Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys

Asp Arg aLeu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys Asn Glu Phe Phe Glu

S Ser Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro labasede 85

Pro Gly ÅPro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 100Phe Ile Sex Sex Aen Pro US 9 , 790 , 515 B2 8 86 - continued Gly Lys ?Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 115 120 125

Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser ?Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly 140

Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu &Pro Asn His Glu Lys 145 150 155 160

Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser RArg Arg Asp His Val 165 1 170

Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Leu Phe Glu Thr ?Leu Asp 185 190 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 195 200 mGln Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arq Ser Leu Phe Gly Val Asn &Pro 220

Val Glu Ala Lys Leu Gly Thr Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly LysE Trp 225 230 235 240 Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Phe 245 g250 Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val 265 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 275 280 Asn Leu Phe Val Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala 300 Cys His Asn Leu Leu Phe Ala Thr Cys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly Gly Met 305 310 315 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Met mmmLys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val 325 330 Glu Val His Thr Arq Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Ara Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 345 350 Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 355 360 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser 380

Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys ?Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 385 390 395 400 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe 405 410 Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Leu Val Ala 425 430 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu 435 440 Trp Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu Ser Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gin mmmmm 460 Cys Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Val 465 mmmmmm 470 475 480 mmmmmGlu Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Gly Thr Ser 485 490

Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser ?Ile Thr Ile Thr Ser Leu Lys Lys Ala 500 505 510

< 210 > SEQ ID No mmmm6 < 211 > LENGTH : 1533 < 212mmm > TYPE : DNA US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 87 88 - continued < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 6 atqgcattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcct cttccttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca 60 aaatactcca catttcgtcc tattattgct tcgttatccg aaaaaccaat aatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc taccaggaca atgcccggcg actatgggtt accgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcaag gcaaaaacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag tgaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccattc 300 atttcttcta acccgaaggt tattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttega aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcactggaa cttacatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttct tctcgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaattc 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt gtttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgtto 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaagc taaactcgga actgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtgcttact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaaa aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaattc cgccaattta ttcgtcgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttct 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttctcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gatgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgccg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtatatg aagctttacg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccgacc ggaagagctc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaagaagga 1320 gaaaagttat tgaaatatgt attatggtct aatggaccgg aaacggaaag tocgacagtg 1380 gggaataaac agtgtgctgg aaaagatttt gtagtgatgg tttcgaggtt attcgtagtg 1440 gagttttttc tccgttacga tacattcaac gtcgacgttg gtacgtcggc gttgggggct 1500 tcaattacta taacttcttt gaaaaaagct tag 1533

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 7 < 211 > LENGTH : 510 < 212 > TYPE : PRT < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 7 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Phe Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ser Leu His Gin m 5 . 15 Gln Phe Pro Ser Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe Ara Pro Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 25 Ser Glu Lys Pro Thr Ile Val Val Thr Gin Pro Thr Lys Leu Pro Val iš . Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys 50 seeking eroes Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys Asn Glu Phe Phe Glu 65 70 75 80 h m

US 9 , 790 ,515 B2 89 m - continued Ser Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro 95 Pro Gly Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 105 110 Gly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 1 1 120 125 Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly 135 Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys 145 150 155 160 Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Ara Ara Asp His Val 175 Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp 185 190 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Lys Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 195 200 mam205 Gln Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arq Ser Leu Phe G ly Val Asn Pro 215 Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Ile Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 225 230 235 240 Val Leu Leu Gln Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Phe 255 Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Ala Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Leu Leu Val 265 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 275 280 285 Asn Leu Phe Val Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala 295 Cys His Asn Leu Leu Phe Ala Thr Cys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly Gly Met 305 310 315 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro mmAsn Met Met Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val 335 Glu Val His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arg Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 345 350 Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 355 360 365 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser 375 Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 385 390 mmmmmmm 395 400 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe 415 Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Phe Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala 425 430 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu 435 440 445 Trp Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu mmmmmSer Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gln 455 Cys Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr 465 mmmm 470 475 mmmmm 480 Glu Phe Phe Leu Ara Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Gly Thr Ser 485 495 mmmmmmAla mmmmLeu mmGly Ala mmmSer Ile Thr Ile Thr mmmmmSer mmmLeu mmmmLys Lys mmmmAla mmmmm US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 91 - continued 500 505 510

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 8 < 211 > LENGTH : 1533 < 212 > TYPE : DNA < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 8 atqactttaa cttcattttt ttctcttcct cttccttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca 60 aaatactcta catttcgtcc tattattgtt tctttgtccg aaaaaccaac aatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc tgtcaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcaag gcaaaaacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag tgaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacta acatgccacc gggaccatto 300 atttcttcta acccgaaggt tattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttega aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttacatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttatcgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttct tctcgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaatto 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaaa 600 gctggtttaa actctggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgttc 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga attgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtactcact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agatgactta 780 atcctccatg ctttccggtt acctccgctt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccaattta ttcgtcgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttct 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttctcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gatgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgccg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgct aatgaaatca gtagtatatg aagctttacg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaatttt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaagaagga 1320 gaaaagttat tgaaatacgt attatggtct aatggaccgg aaacggaaag tccgacagtg 1380 gggaataaac agtgtgctgg aaaagatttt gtagtgatgg tttcgaggtt attcgtaacg 1440 gagttttttc tccgttacga tacattcaat gtcgacgttg gtacgtcggc attgggggct 1500 tcaattacta taacttcttt gaaaaaagct taa 1533

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 9 < 211 > LENGTH : 510 < 212 > TYPE : PRT < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 9 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser aPhe Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ser Leu His Gin Pro Leu Pro Ser Leu His15 Gin

f Gin Phe Pro Ser Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe Arg Pro Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 20 25 Ser Glu Lys Pro Thr Ile Val Val Thr Gin Pro Thr Lys Leu Pro Thr 35 40 US 9 , 790 , 515 B2 s 93 94 - continued Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys 55 |

Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr ?Asn JGin Gly Lys Asn Glu Phe Phe Glu 70 5 80 Ser Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro Pro Gly Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 100 105 110 Gly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 120 125 Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly 135 Phe Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys 150 160

Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Ara Ara Asp His Val

Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp 180 185 190 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Lys Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp &200 205 Gin Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arg Ser Leu Phe Gly Val Asn Pro 215

Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Gly AAsp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 230 IT 240 Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Phe

Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His ?Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val am 260 265 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 280 mmm285 Asn Leu Phe Val Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala 295 Cys His Asn Leu Leu Phe Ala Thr Cys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly 310 320 Lys mmmmIle Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Met Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val Glu Val His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arg Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 340 mg 345 350 Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 360 365 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser 375 . Gin ETyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Thr Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala mmm 390 400 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe

Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala 420 425 430 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu 440 445

g Hmm Trp Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu Ser &Pro Thr Val Gly mmmmmAsn Lys Gin 455 emmm Cys Ala mmmmmGly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val mmSer Arg Leu Phe Val Thr US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 95 96 - continued 465 470 475 480 Glu Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Gly Thr Ser 485 490 495 Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr Ser Leu Lys Lys Ala 500 505 510

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 10 < 211 > LENGTH : 1533 < 212 > TYPE : DNA < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 10 atggctttaa cttcattttt ttctcttcct cttccttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca 60 aaatactcta catttcgtcc tattattgtt tctttgtccg aaaaaccaac aatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc taccaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcaag gcaaaaacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag tgaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccattc 300 atttcttcta acccgaaggt tattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttcga aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttacatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gtttccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttct tctcgccgtg atcacgttat acccaaatto 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaaa 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgtto 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga ggtgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gtgttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtgcttact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agatgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccaattta ttcgtcgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttca 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttctcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gatgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgccg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtatatg aagctttacg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta cgatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaagaagga 1320 gaaaagttat tgaaatacgt attatggtct aatggaccgg aaacggaaag tocgacagtg 1380 gggaataaac agtgtgctgg aaaagatttt gtagtgatgg tttcgaggtt attcgtaacg 1440 gagttttttc tccgttacga tacattcaac gtcgacgttg gtacgtcggc gttgggggct 1500 tcaattacta taacttcttt gaaaaaagct taa 1533

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 11 < 211 > LENGTH : 510 < 212 > TYPE : PRT < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 11 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ser Leu His Gin 10 15 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 98 - continued Gin Phe Pro Ser Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe Arg Pro Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 125 30

Ser Glu Lys Pro Thr Ile Val Val Thr Gln Pro Thr Lys Leu &Pro Thr 45 Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys Asp Glu Phe Phe Glu 65 75 80 Ser Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro 95 Pro Gly Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 105 110 Gly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 125 Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly

Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys 145 155 | 160 Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Arg Arg Asp His Val 170 175

Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp 185 190 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 205 Gin Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arg Ser Leu Phe Gly Val Asn Pro Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Gly Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 225 235 240 Val Leu Leu Gln Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Phe 250 255 Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val 265 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 285 Ser Leu Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala

Cys His Asn Leu Leu Phe Ala Thr Cys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly Gly Met 305 315 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Leu Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val 330 335 Glu Val His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arg Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 345 350 | Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 365 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val |Ala Ser 380 Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 385 395 400 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe 410 415 Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala 425 430 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 99 100 - continued The 440 445 Trp Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu MenSer Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gin 450 455 460 Cys nAla Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr 470 einebessere 475 + Phe van 480ph? Glu Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Gly Lys Ser 490 495 Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr Ser Leu Lys Lys Ala 500 det505 510 < 210 > SEO ID NO 12 < 211 > LENGTH : 1533 < 212 > TYPE : DNA V 2132 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 12 atggcattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcct cttccttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca 60 aaatactcta catttcgtcc tattatcgtt tctttatccg aaaaaccaac aatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc taccaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcaag ggaaagacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag tgaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccattc 300 atttcttcta acccgaaggt cattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttcga aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttatatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttct toccgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaatto 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgttc 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga ggtgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtgctcact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccagttta ttcgccgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttca 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttctcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gotgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgccg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gctatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtatatg aagctttgcg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaagaagga 1320 gaaaagttat tgaaatatgt attatggtct aatggaccgg aaacggaaag tocgacagtg 1380 gggaataaac agtgtgctgg caaagatttt gtagtgatgg tttcgaggtt attcgtaacg 1440 gagttttttc tccgttacga tacattcaac gtcgacgttg gtaagtcggc gttgggggct 1500 tcaattacta taacttcttt gaaaaaagct tag 1533

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 13 < 211 > LENGTH : 510 < 212 > TYPE : PRT < 2 13 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 101 102 - continued < 400 > SEQUENCE : 13

Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu &Pro Leu Arg Ser Leu His Gin 10

Gin Phe Pro Ser Lys Tyr Ser ?Thr Phe Arg &Pro Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 20 25 30 Ser Glu Lys Pro Thr Ile Val Val Thr Gln Pro Thr Lys Leu Pro Thr 35 40 Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe msTyr Asn Gin Gly Lys Asp Glu Phe Phe Glu 70 75

Ser Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser ?Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro 90

Pro Gly Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp msg 8mm 100 105 | 110 Gly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 115 120 5mm Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly

Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys 150 155

Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Arg Arg Asp His Val gggg 170 Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp 180 185 190 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 195 200 Gln Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arq Ser Leu Phe Gly Val Asn Pro Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Gly Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 230 235 Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Phe am 250 Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val 260 mmmmm 265 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 275 280 Asn Leu Phe Val Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala Cys His Asn Leu Leu Phe Ala Thr cys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly Gly Met 310 315 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Met Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val gmmmm 330 Asp Leu His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arg Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 340 345 350 Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 355 360 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser | mmmmm . Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 390 395 400 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Cys Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 103 104 - continued 405 410 415 Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala La 420 430 Asp Arg Phe TherethebestVal Gly Glu Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu 435 440 445

Trp Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr 3Glu Ser Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gin 450 455 enlapantalonesTheinterest 460 Cys Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr 465 470 cettepage 475 480

Glu Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp ?Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Gly Lys Ser 490 495

Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile the 500 b 510

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 14 < 211 > LENGTH : 1533 < 212 > TYPE : DNA 2 13 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 14 atggcattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcct cttcgttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca 60 aaatactcca catttcgtcc tattattgtt tctttatcgg aaaagccaacaatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc taccaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcaag ggaaagacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag tgaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccatto 300 atttcttcta acccgaaggt cattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttcga aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttatatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttct tcccgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaatto 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgttc 660 ggagttaatc cagttgaaac taaactcgga ggtgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtgctcact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccaattta ttcgtcgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttct 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttctcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gatgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga tctccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgccg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtttatg aagctttacg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaatg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaagaagga 1320 gaaaagttat tgaaatatgt attatggtct aatggaccgg aaacggaaag tocgacagtg 1380 gggaataaac agtgtgctgg caaagatttt gtagtgatgg tttcgaggtt attcgtaacg 1440 gagttttttc tccgttacga tacattcaac gtcgacgttg gtaagtcggc gttgggggct 1500 tcaattacta taacttcttt gaaaaaagct tag 1533 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 105 106 - continued

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 15 < 211 > LENGTH : 510 < 212 > TYPE : PRT V 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 15 |

Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu &Pro 8Ser Leu His ?Gln Met Ala Leu The ser ser Phe ser leu 10Pro Leu Pro ser 15 |R Gin Phe &Pro Ser Lys ?Tyr Ser Thr Phe Arg &Pro °Ile Ile EVal Ser Leu 30 525 gn& Ser Glu Lys &Pro ?Thr Ile Val Val Thr Gln &Pro Thr Lys Leu Pro Thr 40 45 Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys

Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys Asp 3Glu Phe Phe Glu 65 70 Ser Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro 85 90 95

Pro Gly &Pro ?Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 105 110

Gly Lys Ser ?Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 120 125

Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu ?Thr 2Gly Gly

Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys 145 150 160 Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Arg Arg Asp His Val 165 170 Ile eggPro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp 185 190 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp g 200 205 Gln Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arq Ser Leu Phe G Val Asn Pro

Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Gly Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 225 230 240 Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Phe 245 250 Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val 265 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 280 285 Ser Leu Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu mmmmLys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala Cys His Asn Leu Leu Phe Ala Thr cys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly Gly Met 305 310 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Met mmLys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val m? 325 330 Asp Leu His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arg Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 345 mmm Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile ?Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 360 365

Lys Ser ?Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arq Val Asp Pro Pro Val .Ala Ser US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 107 108 - continued 375 380 Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 385 390 400

Val Phe iGlu Val Lys Lys Cys Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe 405 je 415 Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala Hoteles 420 425 430 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu 435 440 Trp Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu Ser Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gin 460 Cys Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr 465 470 dojete 480 Glu cercadePhe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Gly Lys Ser 485 495 Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr Ser Leu Lys Lys Ala 500 505 510

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 16 < 211 > LENGTH : 1533 < 212 > TYPE : DNA ? 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 16 atggcattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcct cttccttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca 60 aaatactcta catttcgtcc tattatcgtt tctttatccg aaaaaccaac aatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc taccaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcaag ggaaagacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag tgaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccattc 300 atttcttcta acccgaaggt cattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttcga aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttatatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttct tcccgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaatto 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgttc 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga ggtgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtgctcact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccagttta ttcgccgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttca 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttctcttc getacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gatgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga tctccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgccg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtttatg aagctttacg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaatg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaagaagga 1320 gaaaagttat tgaaatatgt attatggtct aatggaccgg aaacggaaag tocgacagtg 1380 US 9 , 790 , 515 B2 109 110 - continued gggaataaac agtgtgctgg caaagatttt gtagtgatgg tttcgaggtt attogtaacg 1440 gagttttttc tccgttacga tacattcaac gtcgacgttg gtaagtcggc gttgggggct 1500 tcaattacta taacttcttt qaaaaaagct taq 1533

< 210 > SEQ ID No 17 < 211 > LENGTH : 510 | < 212 > TYPE : PRT < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 17 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu Ara Ser Leu His Gin 10 g

Gln Phe &Pro Ser Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe Ara Pro Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 30 & Ser Glu Lys Pro Thr ?Ile Val Val Thr 3Gln &Pro Thr Lys Leu Pro Thr 35 40 145 Arg Thr PIle &Pro ?3?Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu &Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys %E as Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys Asp Glu Phe Phe Glu g 70 Ser Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro 90

&Pro Gly Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 110 Gly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 115 120 5mm125 Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly

Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys 150

Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Ara Ara Asp His Val 170 Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp mam1901 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 195 200 205 Gin Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arg Ser Leu mmmPhe Gly Val Asn Pro Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Gly Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 230 Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Phe mmm 250 Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val E 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 275 280 285 Ser Leu Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala Cys His Asn Leu Leu Phe Ala Thr mmmCys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly Gly Met 310 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Leu Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val 330 335 Glu Val His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arg Ser Glu Val Lys Ser US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 111 - continued 340 345 350 Ala ?Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 360 |

Lys Ser Val Val ETyr 3Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser 375 3 ES Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 385 395 400 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe 415

Ala Thr Lys Asp &Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala 430 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu 440 Trp Ser Asn Gly &Pro Glu Thr Glu Ser Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gin 455 Cys Ala Gly mmmmLys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr 465 475 480 Glu Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Gly Lys Ser mmmmm495 Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr mmmmSer Leu Lys Lys Ala 500 505 510

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 18 < 211 > LENGTH : 1533 < 212 > TYPE : DNA < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tubero sum SER< 400 > SEQUENCE : 18 atggcattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcct cttcgttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca 60 aaatactcca catttcgtcc tattattgtt tctttatcgg aaaagccaacaatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc taccaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcaag ggaaagacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag tgaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccattc 3000 atttcttcta acccgaaggt cattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttega aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttatatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttct tcccgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaattc 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 6000 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgttc 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga ggtgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtgctcact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccagttta ttcgccgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttca 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttctcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gctgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgccg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gctatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtatatg aagctttgcg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 113 114 - continued gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaagaagga 1320 gaaaagttat tgaaatatgt attatggtct aatggaccgg aaacggaaag tccgacagtg 1380 gggaataaac agtgtgctgg caaagatttt gtagtgatgg tttcgaggtt attcgtaacg 1440 gagttttttc tccgttacga tacattcaac gtcgacgttg gtaagtcggc gttgggggct 1500 tcaattacta taacttcttt gaaaaaagct tag 1533

< 210 > SEO ID NO 19 < 211 > LENGTH : 510 < 212 > TYPE : PRT < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tubero sum < 400 > SEOUENCE : 19 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu &Pro Ser Leu His Gin 9

Gln Phe &Pro Ser Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe Arq &Pro °Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 20 30 & Ser Glu Lys Pro Thr Ile Val Val Thr Gin &Pro ?Thr Lys Leu &Pro Thr 135 45 Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys . Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys Asn Glu Phe Phe Glu 65 | e75 80 Ser Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro 85

Pro Gly &Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val °Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 100 110 Gly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 115 125 Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly

Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys 145 155 160

Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Arg Arg Asp His Val 165 Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp 180 190 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 8mm 195 205 Gin Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arg Ser Leu Phe Gly Val Asn Pro Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Gly Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 225 235 240 Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Phe 245

Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val 260 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 275 285 Ser Leu Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala

| m?Cys His Asn Leu Ile Phe Ala Thr Cys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly Gly mmMet US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 115 116 - continued 1 305 310 315 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Leu Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val ?

Glu Val His Thr Arq Leu Ala ?Asn Glu Ile Ara Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 345 So& Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile ?Thr ? Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 355 360 13 365 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser 375 Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 385 390 395 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe

Ala Thr Lys Asp &Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala mm 425 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu 435 440 445 Trp Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu Ser Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gin mmmm 455 Cys Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr 465 470 475 480 Glu Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Gly Lys Ser Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr Ser Leu Lys Lys Ala 500 505 mmmmm mm mmm ? < 210 > SEQ ID NO 20 < 211 > LENGTH : 1533 < 212 > TYPE : DNA |AAA213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 20 atggcattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcct cttccttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca | 60 aaatactcta catttcgtcc tattatcgtt tctttatccg aaaaaccaac aatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc taccaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcagg gcaaaaacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag taaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccattc 300 atttcttcta acccgaaggt tattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttcga aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttacatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 4800 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttcc tcccgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaatto 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgttc 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga ggtgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtgctcact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccagttta ttcgccgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttca 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttatcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gotgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc | 1020 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 117 118 - continued cgtttagcaa acgagatocg atcggaagta aaatccgctg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtttatg aagctttacg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc | 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaagaagga | 1320 gaaaagttat tgaaatatgt attatggtct aatggaccgg aaacggaaag tocgacagtg 1380 gggaataaac agtgtgctgg caaagatttt gtagtgatgg tttcgaggtt attcgtaacg 1440 gagttttttc tccgttacga tacattcaac gtcgacgttg gtaagtcggc gttgggggct 1500 tcaattacta taacttcttt gaaaaaagct tag 1533

< 210 > SEO ID NO 21 < 211 > LENGTH : 510 < 212 > TYPE : PRT < 213 > ORGANISM : Sol anum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 21 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ser Leu His Gin 15 |

Gin Phe Pro RSer Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe Arg Pro Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 30

Ser Glu Lys &Pro Thr Ile Val Val Thr Gln Pro Thr Lys Leu Pro Thr | 35 40 Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Ep2Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys

Asp Arg Leu AAsp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys Asn Glu Phe Phe Glu msSer Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro Pro Gly Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp am 110 Gly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 115 120 5mm Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser ?Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly

Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys

Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Arg Arg Asp His Val

Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp 190 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 195 200 Gin Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arg Ser Leu Phe Gly Val Asn Pro 220 Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Gly Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 240 Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His &Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys 1?31Phe Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val 270 . Lys mmmmmLys mmmAsp Tyr Gin Arg Leu mmmmmmTyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 119 120 - continued | E275 ?280 285 Ser Leu Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala 295

Cys His Asn Leu Ile Phe Ala Thr cys Phe Asn Ser ?Phe Gly Gly Met 305 310 315 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Leu Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val 335 Glu Val His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arg Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 345

Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser RAla Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 1355 360 365 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser 375 Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 385 390 395 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe 415 Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala 425 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu 435 440 445 Trp Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu Ser Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gin mmmm 455 Cys Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr 465 470 475 mmmmm Glu Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp ?Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Asp Lys Ser 495 Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr Ser Leu Lys Lys Ala 500 505 mmm mmmmm < 210 > SEQ ID NO 22 < 211 > LENGTH : 1533 < 212 > TYPE : DNA < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 22 atqacattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcct cttccttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca 60 aaatactcta catttcgtcc tattatcgtt tctttatccgmmm aaaaaccaac aatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc taccaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcagg gcaaaaacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag taaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgocacc gggaccatto 300 atttcttcta acccgaaggt tattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttcga aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttacatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttcc tcccgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaatto 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgttc 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga ggtgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtgctcact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 121 122. - continued gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccagttta ttcgccgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttca 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttatcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gctgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc| 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgctg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg | 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtttatg aagctttacg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaagaagga 1320 gaaaagttat tgaaatatgt attatggtct aatggaccgg aaacggaaag tocgacagtg 1380 gggaataaac agtgtgctgg caaagatttt gtagtgatgg tttcgaggtt attcgtaacg | 1440 gagttttttc tccgttacga tacattcaac gtcgacgttg ataagtcggc gttgggggct 1500 tcaattacta taacttcttt gaaaaaagct tag 1533

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 23 < 211 > LENGTH : 510 < 212 > TYPE : PRT 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 23 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ser Leu His Gin |Ala Leu Thr ser ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro ser 15

Gin Phe &Pro Ser Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe Arg Pro °Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 20 & Ser Glu ELys Pro Thr Ile mVal Val Thr Gln &Pro Thr Lys Leu &Pro ?Thr 135 40 45 Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys 50 55 60 Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys Asn Glu Phe Phe Glu 7 0 msSer Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro 95 Pro Gly Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Asn Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 100 mmm Gly Lys Ser Phe &Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 115 120 5mm25 Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly 130 135 140 Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys 150 Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Arg Arg Asp His Val 175 ?3 Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp 180 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 195 200 205 Gin Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arg Ser Leu Phe Gly Val Asn Pro 210 215 220 Val Glu Thr Lys 1Leu Gly Thr Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 230 8 | Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu mmmPro Lys Phe US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 123 124 - continued 245 255 Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His ?Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val 8265 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 280 285

Ser Leu Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala mm 295 Cys His Asn Leu Ile Phe Ala Thr Cys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly 315 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Leu Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val 325 Glu Val His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arg Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 345 Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 360 365 3ISLys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser 375 Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 395 400 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe 405 Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala 425 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu 440 445 Trp Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu Ser Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gin 455 Cys Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr 475 480 Glu Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Asp Lys Ser 485 3mm Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr Ser Leu Lys Lys Ala 500 505 mmmmmm

< 210 > SEO ID NO 24 < 211 > LENGTH : 1533 < 212 > TYPE : DNA < 213 > ORGANISM : mmmmmSolanum tuberosum mmmm < 400 > SEQUENCE : 24 atggcattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcct cttccttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca 60 aaatactcta catttcgtccmmmmmmm tattatcgtt tctttatccg aaaaaccaacmmmm aatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc taccaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcaag gcaaaaacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag tgaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccattc 3000 atttcttcta acccgaatgt tattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttega aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttacatgoc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgatccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttct tctcgacgtg atcacgttat acccaaatto 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt tttcgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgttc 660 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 125 126 - continued ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga actgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtactcact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccagttta ttcgccgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttca 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttatcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggttg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gotgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgctg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtttatg aagctttacg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc | 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaagaagga | 1320 gaaaagttat tgaaatatgt attatggtct aatggaccgg aaacggaaag tocgacagtg | 1380 gggaataaac agtgtgctgg caaagatttt gtagtgatgg tttcgaggtt attcgtaacg 1440 gagttttttc tccgttacga tacattcaac gtcgacgttg ataagtcggo gttgggggct 1500 tcaattacta taacttcttt gaaaaaagct tag 1533

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 25 < 211 > LENGTH : 509 < 212 > TYPE : PRT < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 25 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu &Pro Leu &Pro Ser Leu His Gin 15

Gln Phe Pro Ser Lys Tyr 8Ser ?Thr Phe .Ara Pro °Ile Ile Val Ser Leu g25 30 & Ser Glu &EggLys Pro ?Thr ?Ile 3Val Val Thr Gln &Pro ?Thr Lys Leu &Pro Thr 40 45

Arg Thr Ile &Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu .Pro 2Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys . Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys Asp Glu Phe Phe Glu 70 80 & Ser Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro 85 95

Pro Gly &Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 105 110

TGly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys ELys 120 125 Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly

| Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu &Pro Asn His Glu Lys 150 | 160 Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Arg Arg Asp His Val 165 175

Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu ?Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp 185 190

Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys 3Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 200 205 GlnGln Ala AlaAla Phe AsnAsn Phe Leu AlaAla ArgArg Ser Leu Phe GlyG ly Val Asn Pro US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 127 . 128 m - continued 220

Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Thr 2Asp Gly Pro ?Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 225 ??4 235 240 Val Leu Leu Gln Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu 3Gly ?Leu Pro Lys Phe 250 SM&? Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe ?Leu Val 270

Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr ?Thr Asn Ser Ala 275 280 Ser Leu Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala Cys His Asn Leu Leu Phe Ala Thr Cys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly Gly Met 305 315 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Leu Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val 330 Glu Val His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arg Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 350 Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 355 360 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 385 395 400 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe 410 Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala 430 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu mmmmmTrp 435 440 mmSer Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu Ser Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gin Cys Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr Glu 465 475 480 Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn mmmVal Asp Val Gly Lys Ser Ala 490 495 Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr Ser Leu Lys Lys Ala 500 | < 210 > SEQ ID NO 26 < 211 > LENGTH : 1533 < 212 > TYPE : DNA < 213mmmmm > ORGANISM mmmmmmm : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 26 atqacattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcctmmm cttccttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca | 606 0 aaatactcta catttcgtcc tattatcgtt tctttatccg aaaaaccaac aatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc taccaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcaag gcaaaaacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag tgaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccattc 300 atttcttcta acccgaatgt tattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttcga aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttacatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgatccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 129 130 - continued ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttct tctcgacgtg atcacgttat acccaaatto 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt tttcgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgttc 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga actgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtactcact cttggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccagttta ttcgccgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttca 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tottatcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gotgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgctg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg | 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtttatg aagctttacg agttgatcct | 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaatttt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaagaagga 1320 gaaaagttat tgaaatatgt attatggtct aatggaccgg aaacggaaag tocgacagtg 1380 gggaataaac agtgtgctgg caaagatttt gtagtgatgg tttcgaggtt attcgtaacg 1440 gagttttttc tccgttacga tacattcaac gtcgacgttg gtaagtcggc gttgggggct 15000 tcaattacta taacttcttt gaaaaaagct tag 1533

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 27 < 211 > LENGTH : 510 < 212 > TYPE : PRT 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 27 | 68 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ser Leu His Gin

Gin Phe Pro RSer Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe RArg &Pro °Ile °Ile Val Ser Leu 25

Ser Glu Lys &Pro ?Thr Ile Val Val ?Thr Gln &Pro ?Thr Lys Leu Pro Ile 35 40

Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly &Pro Trp Lys

Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin 2Gly Lys Asp Glu Phe Phe Glu 65 70 msSer Arg Val Val Lys Tyr amLys Ser 3?8gThr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn ???gMet Pro Pro Gly Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys 3Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 105

Gly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp 3Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 5mm115 120 | . Asp Leu Phe Thr Gly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly

Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys 145 mmm150 160 Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Arg Arg Asp His Val 175 1 Ile mmmPro Lys ?Phe His Glu Thr amTyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 131 1132 - continued | 180 185 190

Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu .Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 195 200 ? Gln Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arq Ser Leu Phe Gly Val Asn Pro 215 Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Thr Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 230 235 240 Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Phe 250 Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val 260 265 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 275 280 Ser Leu Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala 295 Cys His Asn Leu Leu mmmPhe Ala Thr Cys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly 310 315 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Val Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val 330 Glu Val His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arq Ser Glu Val Lys Ser -mm 340 345 350 Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 355 360 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser 375 Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 390 395 400 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe mmmmm 4104 Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Phe Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala 420 425 430 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu 435 440 Trp Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu Ser Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gin 455 Cys Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr 470 475 480 Glu Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Gly Lys Ser mmmmm 490 Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr Ser Leu Lys Lys Ala 500 505 510

< 210 > SEO ID NO 28 < 211 > LENGTH : 1533 < 212 > TYPE : DNA < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 28 atqgcattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcctmmmmmm cttccttctcttcaccaaca atttccatca | 60 aaatactcca catttcgtcc tattattgtt tctttatccgmmm aaaaaccaacaatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc tatcaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcaag ggaaagacga atttttcgaa 240 mmmmmtcaagagtag tgaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccattc 300 US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 133 134 - continued atttcttcta acccgaaggt tattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttega aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttacatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 | ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttcc tcccgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaattc 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgtto 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga actgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtactcact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccagttta ttcgccgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttct 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttctcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat ggtgaaatcg atagcaaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgccg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtttatg aagctttacg agttgatcct 1140 ccagtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaatttt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaagaagga 1320 gaaaagttat tgaaatatgt attatggtct aatggaccgg aaacggaaag tocgacagtg 1380 gggaataaac agtgtgctgg caaagatttt gtagtgatgg tttcgaggtt attcgtaacg 1440 gagttttttc tccgttacga tacattcaac gtcgacgttg gtaagtcggc gttgggggct 1500 tcaattacta taacttcttt gaaaaaagct tag 1533

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 29 < 211 > LENGTH : 509 < 212 > TYPE : PRT < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 29 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu &Pro Leu &Pro ?Ser Leu His Gin 15

Gln Phe &Pro Ser Lys ETyr Ser ?Thr ?8?Phe IAra Pro °Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 25 30 & So &. Ser Glu ELys Pro Thr Ile Val Val Thr JGln Pro Thr Lys Leu Pro Thr 40

Arg Thr Ile .Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu &Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys ?3? asm55

Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin JGly Lys Asn Glu Phe Phe Glu 270 msSer Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro ggg 95

Pro Gly &Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 105 110 Gly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe 3?&DAAsp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys 120

Asp Leu Phe ?Thr Gly ?Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly 135

Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys ? 3? US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 135 136 - continued 145 150 155 160 | Leu Lys Lys Leu ?Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Arg Arg Asp His Val 170 m175 Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Asp 180 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 200 Gin Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arg Ser Leu Phe Gly Val Asn Pro 215 m Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Gly Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 225 230 235 240 Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Phe mmm 250 Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val 260 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 280 Ser Leu Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala 295 Cys His Asn Leu Leu Phe Ala Thr Cys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly Gly Met 305 310 315 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Leu Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val 330 Glu Val His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arg Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 340 Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 360 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser 375 Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 385 390 395 400 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe 410 Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala 420 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu Trp 440 Ser Asn Gly Pro Glu Thr Glu Ser Pro mmThr Val Gly Asn Lys mmmGin Cys mmm 455 Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr Glu 465 470 475 480 Phe Phe Leu Arg Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Gly Lys Ser Ala 495 ? 490 Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr Ser Leu Lys Lys Ala mmm 500 mmm < 210 > SEQ ID NO 30 < 211 > LENGTH : 1530 < 212 > TYPE : DNA mmmmmm < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum mmmmm < 400 > SEQUENCE : 30 atqacattaa cttcatctttmmmmmmmm ttctcttcct cttccttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca 6 0 aaatactcta catttcgtcc tattatcgtt tctttatccg aaaaaccaac aatcgtggta 120 US 9 , 790 ,515 B2 137 138 - continued acccaaccta caaaattacc taccaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcagg gcaaaaacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag taaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgccacc gggaccatto 300 atttcttcta acccgaaggt tattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttcga aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttacatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttcc tcccgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaatto 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagetag atcgttgtto 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga ggtgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtgctcact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccagttta ttcgccgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttca 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttctcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gctgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgctg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtttatg aagctttacg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaaggagaa 1320 aagttattga aatatgtatt atggtctaat ggaccggaaa cggaaagtcc aacagtgggg 1380 aataaacagt gtgctggcaa agattttgta gtgatggttt cgaggttatt cgtaacggag 1440 ttttttctcc gttacgatac attcaacgtc gacgttggta agtcggcgtt gggggcttca 1500 attactataa cttctttgaa aaaagcttag 1530

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 31 < 211 > LENGTH : 509 < 212 > TYPE : PRT < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 31 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ser Leu His Gin Met Ala Leu Thr ser ser phe ser Leu pro Leu Pro ser Leu His15 ein Gin Phe Pro Ser Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe Arg Pro Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 20 25 Ser Glu Lys Pro Thr Ile Val Val Thr Gin Pro Thr Lys Leu Pro Thr 35 40 Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys 55 60 Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys Asn Glu Phe Phe Glu 80 Ser Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro 95 Pro Gly Pro Phe Ile Ser Ser Asn Pro Lys Val Ile Val Leu Leu Asp 100 105 r Gly Lys Ser Phe Pro Val Leu Phe Asp Val Ser Lys Val Glu Lys Lys US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 139 140 - continued | 115 120 125

Asp Leu Phe Thr TGly Thr Tyr Met Pro Ser Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly

Tyr Arg Val Leu Ser Tyr Leu Asp Pro Ser Glu Pro Asn His Glu Lys 145 150 155 160 Leu Lys Lys Leu Met Phe Phe Leu Leu Ser Ser Arg Arg Asp His Val 165 |

Ile Pro Lys Phe His Glu Thr Tyr Thr Glu Phe Phe 3Glu Thr Leu Asp 180 185 190 Lys Glu Met Ala Glu Lys Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Asn Ser Gly Asn Asp 195 % 200 Gln Ala Ala Phe Asn Phe Leu Ala Arq Ser Leu Phe Gly Val Asn Pro

Val Glu Thr Lys Leu Gly Thr Asp Gly Pro Thr Leu Ile Gly Lys Trp 225 230 235 240 Val Leu Leu Gin Leu His Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Gly Leu Pro Lys Phe 245 Leu Asp Asp Leu Ile Leu His Thr Phe Arg Leu Pro Pro Phe Leu Val 260 265 270 Lys Lys Asp Tyr Gin Arg Leu Tyr Asp Phe Phe Tyr Thr Asn Ser Ala 275 280 Ser Leu Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser Lys Glu Glu Ala Cys His Asn Leu Leu Phe Ala Thr cys Phe Asn Ser Phe Gly Gly Met 305 310 315 320 Lys Ile Phe Phe Pro Asn Met Leu Lys Ser Ile Ala Lys Ala Gly Val 325 1 Glu Val His Thr Arg Leu Ala Asn Glu Ile Arq Ser Glu Val Lys Ser 340 345 350 Ala Gly Gly Lys Ile Thr Met Ser Ala Met Glu Lys Met Pro Leu Met 355 360 Lys Ser Val Val Tyr Glu Ala Leu mmmArg Val Asp Pro Pro Val Ala Ser Gin Tyr Gly Arg Ala Lys Gin Asp Leu Lys Ile Glu Ser His Asp Ala 385 390 % 395 400 Val Phe Glu Val Lys Lys Gly Glu Met Leu Phe Gly Tyr Gin Pro Phe 405 Ala Thr Lys Asp Pro Lys Ile Phe Asp Arg Pro Glu Glu Phe Val Ala | 420 425 430 Asp Arg Phe Val Gly Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Leu Lys Tyr Val Leu Trp 435 mmmmmmm440 Ser Asn mmGly Pro Glu mmaThr Glu Ser Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Lys Gin Cys Ala Gly Lys Asp Phe Val Val Met Val Ser Arg Leu Phe Val Thr Glu 465 470 475 480

Phe Phe Leu Arq Tyr Asp Thr Phe Asn Val Asp Val Asp Lys Ser Ala 485 Val Asp Lys ser Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser Ile Thr Ile Thr mmmSer Leu Lys Lys Ala 500 505 mmm < 210 > SEQ ID NO 32 4211 > LENGTH : 1530 mmmmmm < 212 > TYPE : DNA < 2 13 > ORGANISMmmmmmmm : Solanum tuberosum US 9 ,790 , 515 B2 141 142 - continued < 400 > SEQUENCE : 32 atggcattaa cttcatcttt ttctcttcct cttccttctc ttcaccaaca atttccatca 60 aaatactcta catttcgtcc tattatcgtt tctttatccg aaaaaccaac aatcgtggta 120 acccaaccta caaaattacc taccaggaca atacccggcg actatgggtt gccgggtatt 180 ggtccatgga aagataggct tgattacttt tacaatcagg gcaaaaacga atttttcgaa 240 tcaagagtag taaaatacaa atcaactata ttcagaacga acatgocacc gggaccatto 300 atttcttcta acccgaaggt tattgttttg ctcgacggca agagtttccc agtccttttc 360 gatgtttcga aagtcgaaaa aaaggacctc ttcaccggaa cttacatgcc gtcgactgaa 420 ctcaccggtg gttaccgtgt tctttcttat cttgacccat ctgaaccaaa ccatgaaaaa 480 ttgaaaaaat tgatgttctt ccttctttct tctcgtcgtg atcacgttat acccaaattc 540 catgaaactt atacagagtt ttttgaaacc ctagataagg aaatggcgga aaaaggtaca 600 gctggtttaa actccggcaa tgatcaagct gcgtttaatt tcttagctag atcgttgttc 660 ggagttaacc cagttgaaac taaactcgga actgatggtc cgacattgat cggaaaatgg 720 gttttgcttc agcttcatcc tgtactcact ctcggtcttc cgaagtttct agacgactta 780 atcctccata ctttccggtt acctccgttt ctggtgaaga aagattacca gagactttac 840 gatttctttt acaccaactc cgccagttta ttcgccgaag ctgaaaaact cggcatttca 900 aaagaagaag cttgtcataa tcttctcttc gctacttgct tcaattcctt cggcgggatg 960 aagattttct tcccgaatat gotgaaatcg atagcgaaag caggggtgga ggtccatacc 1020 cgtttagcaa acgagatccg atcggaagta aaatccgctg gcgggaagat cacgatgtcg 1080 gcgatggaga aaatgccgtt aatgaaatca gtagtttatg aagctttacg agttgatcct 1140 ccggtagctt cacaatacgg aagagccaaa caggacctta agatcgaatc acacgacgcc 1200 gttttcgagg tgaaaaaagg tgaaatgcta ttcgggtacc aaccatttgc aacgaaggat 1260 ccgaaaattt ttgaccggcc ggaagagttc gtcgccgatc ggttcgtcgg agaaggagaa 1320 aagttattga aatatgtatt atggtctaat ggaccggaaa cggaaagtcc aacagtgggg 1380 aataaacagt gtgctggcaa agattttgta gtgatggttt cgaggttatt cgtaacggag 1440 ttttttctcc gttacgatac attcaacgtc gacgttgata agtcggcgtt gggggcttca 1500 attactataa cttctttgaa aaaagcttag 1530

< 210 > SEQ ID NO 33 < 211 > LENGTH : 510 < 212 > TYPE : PRT < 213 > ORGANISM : Solanum tuberosum < 400 > SEQUENCE : 33 Met Ala Leu Thr Ser Ser Phe Ser Leu Pro Leu Pro Ser Leu His Gin 15 Gin Phe Pro Ser Lys Tyr Ser Thr Phe deschiArg Pro Ile Ile Val Ser Leu 20 25

Ser Glu Lys Pro Thr Ile Val Val Thr Gln Pro Thr Lys Leu Pro Thr 35 40 Arg Thr Ile Pro Gly Asp Tyr Gly Leu Pro Gly Ile Gly Pro Trp Lys 50 55 Asp Arg Leu Asp neseTyr Phe Tyr Asn Gin Gly Lys formeAsp Glu Phe Phe Glu 65 70 Ser Arg Val Val Lys Tyr Lys Ser Thr Ile Phe Arg Thr Asn Met Pro