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Balikesġr Ünġversġtesġ Fen Bġlġmlerġ Enstġtüsü Bġyolojġ Anabġlġm Dali

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Balikesġr Ünġversġtesġ Fen Bġlġmlerġ Enstġtüsü Bġyolojġ Anabġlġm Dali T.C. BALIKESĠR ÜNĠVERSĠTESĠ FEN BĠLĠMLERĠ ENSTĠTÜSÜ BĠYOLOJĠ ANABĠLĠM DALI MADRA DAĞI (BALIKESĠR) YÖRESĠNĠN CARABIDAE, TENEBRONIDAE, SILPHIDAE VE STAPHYLINIDAE (COLEOPTERA) TÜRLERĠNĠN ÇUKUR TUZAK YÖNTEMĠYLE BELĠRLENMESĠ YÜKSEK LĠSANS TEZĠ CAN ATEġ BALIKESĠR, EYLÜL - 2013 T.C. BALIKESĠR ÜNĠVERSĠTESĠ FEN BĠLĠMLERĠ ENSTĠTÜSÜ BĠYOLOJĠ ANABĠLĠM DALI MADRA DAĞI (BALIKESĠR) YÖRESĠNĠN CARABIDAE, TENEBRONIDAE, SILPHIDAE VE STAPHYLINIDAE (COLEOPTERA) TÜRLERĠNĠN ÇUKUR TUZAK YÖNTEMĠYLE BELĠRLENMESĠ YÜKSEK LISANS TEZI CAN ATEġ BALIKESĠR, EYLÜL - 2013 KABUL VE ONAY SAYFASI Can ATEġ tarafından hazırlanan “ MADRA DAĞI (BALIKESĠR) YÖRESĠNĠN CARABIDAE, TENEBRONIDAE, SILPHIDAE VE STAPHYLINIDAE (COLEOPTERA) TÜRLERĠNĠN ÇUKUR TUZAK YÖNTEMĠYLE BELĠRLENMESĠ ” adlı tez çalıĢmasının savunma sınavı 09.09.2013 tarihinde yapılmıĢ olup aĢağıda verilen jüri tarafından oy birliği / oy çokluğu ile Balıkesir Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi olarak kabul edilmiĢtir. Jüri Üyeleri Ġmza DanıĢman Yard.Doç.Dr.Sakin Vural VARLI Üye Prof. Dr. Gülendam TÜMEN Üye Prof. Dr. Turgut KILIÇ Jüri üyeleri tarafından kabul edilmiĢ olan bu tez BAÜ Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yönetim Kurulunca onanmıĢtır. Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Müdürü Prof. Dr. Hilmi NAMLI ............................................. Bu tez çalıĢması Balıkesir Üniversitesi Bilimsel AraĢtırmalar Proje Birimi tarafından tarafından 2011/33 nolu proje ile desteklenmiĢtir. ÖZET MADRA DAĞI(BALIKESĠR)YÖRESĠNĠN CARABIDAE,TENEBRONIDAE,SILPHIDAE VE STAPHYLINIDAE (COLEOPTERA) TÜRLERĠNĠN ÇUKUR TUZAK YÖNTEMĠYLE BELĠRLENMESĠ YÜKSEK LĠSANS TEZĠ CAN ATEġ BALIKESĠR ÜNĠVERSĠTESĠ FEN BĠLĠMLERĠ ENSTĠTÜSÜ BĠYOLOJĠ ANABĠLĠM DALI (TEZ DANIġMANI: YRD. DOÇ. DR. SAKĠN VURAL VARLI) BALIKESĠR, EYLÜL - 2013 Bu çalıĢma Madra Dağı ( Balıkesir ) Yöresi‟nin Carabidae, Tenebrionidae, Silphidae ve Staphylinidae familyalarına bağlı türlerin çukur tuzak yöntemi ile belirlenmesine yönelik olarak 2010-2011 yıllarında yürütülmüĢtür. Arazi çalıĢması; 2010 Mayıs - Aralık ile 2011 Mart - Ekim aylarında kızılçam, kestane, karıĢık karaçam ve meralık biyotoplarını kapsayan 6 örnekleme sahasında gerçekleĢtirilmiĢtir. ÇalıĢma sonunda; Carabidae familyasına bağlı 8 tür ( Brachinus explodens Duftschmind, 1812, Brachinus crepitans Linnaeus, 1758, Nebria brevicollis Fabricius, 1792, Poecilus cupreus Linnaeus, 1758, Carabus coriaceus Linnaeus, 1758, Calathus libanensis Putzeys, 1873, Calathus longicollis Motschulsky, 1864, Amara aenea, De Geer, 1774 ), Tenebrionidae familyasına bağlı 3 tür ( Dailognatha quadricollis Brulle, 1832, Gonocephalum costatum Brulle, 1832, Blaps tibialis Reiche, 1857 ), Silphidae familyasına bağlı 1 alttür ( Silpha obscura orientalis Brulle, 1832 ), Staphylinidae familyasına bağlı 5 tür ( Ocypus curtipennis Motschulsky, 1849, Quedius levicollis Brulle, 1832, Ocypus orientis Smetana and Davies, 2000, Ocypus ( Pseudocypus ) sericeicollis Menetries, 1832, Ocypus (Pseudocypus) mus Brulle, 1832 ) olmak üzere toplam 17 tür ve 1 alttür belirlenmiĢtir. Ayrıca çalıĢma alanında incelenen türlerin sinonimleri, morfolojileri ve yayılıĢ alanları verilmiĢtir. ANAHTAR KELĠMELER: Carabidae, Silphidae, Staphylinidae, Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera, Çukur tuzak, Madra Dağı – Balıkesir i ABSTRACT DETERMINATION OF THE SPECIES BELONGĠNG TO THE CARABIDAE, TENEBRIONIDAE, SILPHIDAE AND STAPHYLINIDAE (COLEOPTERA) BY PITFALL TRAP IN MADRA MOUNTAIN (BALIKESĠR) PROVINCE MSC THESIS CAN ATEġ BALIKESIR UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE BIOLOGY (SUPERVISOR: ASSIST. PROF. DR. SAKĠN VURAL VARLI ) BALIKESĠR, SEPTEMBER 2013 This study was performed on determine of the species belonging to Carabidae, Tenebrionidae, Silphidae and Staphylinidae during the years of 2010- 2011 in Madra Mountain (Balıkesir) province by pitfall trap. Field studies were performed at total of 6 sampling zones in red pine, chestnut, mixed larch, and grass biotopes in May-December of the year 2010 and March-October of the year 2011. At the end of study totally 17 species and 1 subspecies that 8 species belonging to Carabidae ( Brachinus explodens Duftschmind, 1812, Brachinus crepitans Linnaeus, 1758, Nebria brevicollis Fabricius, 1792, Poecilus cupreus Linnaeus, 1758, Carabus coriaceus Linnaeus, 1758, Calathus libanensis Putzeys, 1873, Calathus longicollis Motschulsky, 1864, Amara aenea, De Geer, 1774 ), 3 species belonging to Tenebrionidae ( Dailognatha quadricollis Brulle, 1832, Gonocephalum costatum Brulle, 1832, Blaps tibialis Reiche, 1857 ), 1 subspecies belonging to Silphidae ( Silpha obscura orientalis Brulle, 1832 ), 5 species belonging to Staphylinidae ( Ocypus curtipennis Motschulsky, 1849, Quedius levicollis Brulle, 1832, Ocypus orientis Smetana and Davies, 2000, Ocypus ( Pseudocypus ) sericeicollis Menetries, 1832, Ocypus (Pseudocypus ) mus Brulle, 1832 ) have been determined. The sinonyms, general characteristics and distributions are given for species in text. KEYWORDS: Carabidae, Silphidae, Staphylinidae, Tenebrionidae, Coleoptera, Pitfall trap, Madra mountain province Balıkesir ii ĠÇĠNDEKĠLER Sayfa ÖZET ....................................................................................................................... i ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ ii ĠÇĠNDEKĠLER ..................................................................................................... iii ġEKĠL LĠSTESĠ ..................................................................................................... v TABLO LĠSTESĠ .................................................................................................. vi ÖNSÖZ ................................................................................................................. vii 1. GĠRĠġ ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Carabidae Familyası .................................................................................. 3 1.1.1 Carabidae Familyasının Sistematikteki Yeri: ..................................... 3 1.1.2 Carabidae Familyasının Morfolojik Özellikleri ................................. 3 1.1.3 Uluslararası Yapılan ÇalıĢma Özetleri ............................................... 8 1.1.4 Ülkemizde Yapılan ÇalıĢmaların Özeti ............................................ 10 1.2 Tenebrionidae Familyası ......................................................................... 13 1.2.1 Tenebrionidae Familyasının Sistematikteki Yeri: ............................ 13 1.2.2 Tenebrionidae Familyasının Morfolojik Özellikleri ........................ 13 1.2.3 Uluslararası Yapılan ÇalıĢma Özetleri ............................................. 16 1.2.1 Ülkemizde Yapılan ÇalıĢmaların Özeti ............................................ 18 1.3 Sliphidae Familyası ................................................................................. 20 1.3.1 Sliphidae Familyasının Sistematikteki Yeri ..................................... 20 1.3.2 Sliphidae Familyasının Morfolojik Özellikleri ............................... 20 1.3.3 Uluslararası Yapılan ÇalıĢma Özetleri ............................................. 25 1.3.4 Ülkemizde Yapılan ÇalıĢmaların Özeti ............................................ 26 1.4 Staphylinidae Familyası .......................................................................... 28 1.4.1 Staphylinidae Familyasının Sistematikteki Yeri .............................. 28 1.4.2 Staphylinidae Familyasının Morfolojik Özellikleri .......................... 28 1.4.3 Uluslararası Yapılan ÇalıĢma Özetleri ............................................. 31 1.4.4 Ülkemizde Yapılan ÇalıĢmaların Özeti ............................................ 33 2. MATERYAL VE YÖNTEM .......................................................................... 36 2.1 AraĢtırma Alanının Coğrafik Durumu .................................................... 36 2.2 Arazi ÇalıĢmaları .................................................................................... 39 2.3 Laboratuvar ÇalıĢmaları .......................................................................... 41 3. BULGULAR .................................................................................................... 42 3.1 Familya: CARABIDAE .......................................................................... 42 3.1.1 Altfamilya : Pterostichinae Bonelli, 1810 ........................................ 42 3.1.1.1 Cins : Amara ................................................................................ 42 3.1.2 Altfamilya: Pterostichinae ................................................................ 45 3.1.2.1 Cins: Poecilus Bonelli, 1810 ....................................................... 45 3.1.3 Altfamilya: Carabinae....................................................................... 47 3.1.3.1 Cins: Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 ..................................................... 47 3.1.4 Altfamilya: Nebriinae ....................................................................... 49 3.1.4.1 Cins: Nebria Latreille, 1802 ........................................................ 49 3.1.5 Altfamilya: Brachininae ................................................................... 51 3.1.5.1 Cins: Brachinus Weber, 1801 ...................................................... 51 3.1.6 Altfamilya: Platyniinae ..................................................................... 56 3.1.6.1 Cins: Calathus Bonelli, 1810 ....................................................... 56 iii 3.2
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