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Sema Kara YL Tezi.Pdf (9.611Mb) T.C. BARTIN ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ ORMAN MÜHENDİSLİĞİ ANABİLİM DALI BARTIN İLİ CARABIDAE (COLEOPTERA) TÜRLERİ YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ HAZIRLAYAN SEMA KARA DANIŞMAN PROF. DR. AZİZE TOPER KAYGIN BARTIN-2016 T.C BARTIN ÜNĠVERSĠTESĠ FEN BĠLĠMLERĠ ENSTĠTÜSÜ ORMAN MÜHENDĠSLĠĞĠ ANABĠLĠM DALI BARTIN ĠLĠ CARABIDAE (COLEOPTERA) TÜRLERĠ YÜKSEK LĠSANS TEZĠ HAZIRLAYAN Sema KARA DANIġMAN Prof. Dr. Azize TOPER KAYGIN JÜRĠ ÜYELERĠ Danışman : Prof. Dr. Azize TOPER KAYGIN - Bartın Üniversitesi Üye : Prof. Dr. Erol AKKUZU - Kastamonu Üniversitesi Üye : Yrd. Doç. Dr. Nuri Kaan ÖZKAZANÇ - Bartın Üniversitesi BARTIN-2016 KABUL VE ONAY Sema KARA tarafından hazırlanan “BARTIN İLİ CARABIDAE (COLEOPTERA) TÜRLERİ” başlıklı bu çalışma, 23.05.2016 tarihinde yapılan savunma sınavı sonucunda oy birliği ile başarılı bulunarak jürimiz tarafından Yüksek Lisans Tezi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Başkan : Prof. Dr. Azize TOPER KAYGIN (Danışman) Üye : Prof. Dr. Erol AKKUZU Üye : Yrd. Doç. Dr. Nuri Kaan ÖZKAZANÇ Bu tezin kabulü Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yönetim Kurulu‟nun ..…/..…/20… tarih ve 20…../…..-….. sayılı kararıyla onaylanmıştır. Doç. Dr. H. Selma ÇELİKYAY Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Müdürü ii BEYANNAME Bartın Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü tez yazım kılavuzuna göre, Prof. Dr. Azize TOPER KAYGIN danışmanlığında hazırlamış olduğum "BARTIN İLİ CARABIDAE (COLEOPTERA) TÜRLERİ" başlıklı yüksek lisans tezimin bilimsel etik değerlere ve kurallara uygun, özgün bir çalışma olduğunu, aksinin tespit edilmesi halinde her türlü yasal yaptırımı kabul edeceğimi beyan ederim. 23/05/2016 Sema KARA iii ÖNSÖZ Yüksek lisans öğrenimim boyunca desteğini ve güvenini esirgemeyen, her aşamada bilgi birikimi ile ufkumu açan danışman hocam Prof. Dr. Sayın Azize TOPER KAYGIN'a teşekkür ederim. Tez çalışmalarım sırasında destek ve yardımlarını gördüğüm, tezin fotoğraf çekimlerinde bana yardımcı olan değerli hocam Yrd. Doç. Dr. Sayın Nuri Kaan ÖZKAZANÇ'a; bilgi birikimlerinden yararlandığım değerli hocalarım; Prof. Dr. Sayın İsmet DAŞDEMİR‟e, Yrd. Doç. Dr. Sayın Yafes YILDIZ‟a, Yrd. Doç. Dr. Sayın Ersin GÜNGÖR‟e teşekkür ederim. Carabus (Lamprostus) spinolai, Carabus (Procrustes) chevrolati, Carabus (Oxycarabus) saphyrinus, Carabus (Archicarabus) wiedemanni wiedemanni, Poecilus (Poecilus) cupreus, Harpalus (Harpalus) caspius, Parophonus (Parophonus) dia; türlerinin teşhislerini ve teşhisi yapılan Carabus (Procerus) scabrosus, Harpalus (Harpalus) serripes serripes, Ophonus (Hesperophonus) azureus, Anchomenus (Anchomenus) dorsalis, Psedoophonus (Psedoophonus) griseus, Psedoophonus (Psedoophonus) rufipes türlerinin kontrolunu yapan Doç. Dr. Sayın Sakine Serap AVGIN‟a (Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi) teşekkür ederim. Tür teşhis kaynakları konusunda yardımcı olan ve tezimdeki bütün türlerin teşhislerinde ve kontrolünde hoşgörüyle yardımcı olan, engin bilgi ve deneyimlerinden faydalandığım Yrd. Doç. Dr. Sayın Memiş KESDEK‟e (Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi, Fethiye Ali Sıtkı Mefharet Koçman Meslek Yüksekokulu) teşekkür ederim. Carabus (Procerus) scabrosus, Anchomenus (Anchomenus) dorsalis, Psedoophonus (Psedoophonus) griseus, Psedoophonus (Psedoophonus) rufipes, Paradromius (Manodromius) linearis türlerinin teşhislerinin yapılmasında ve teşhis kaynaklarının temin edilmesinde yardımcı olan Arş. Gör. Sayın Ebru Ceren FİDAN‟a (Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi) teşekkür ederim. Arazi çalışmalarımda araç desteği sağlayan Bartın Orman İşletme Müdürlüğüne, arazi çalışmalarımın düzenli şekilde yapılmasını sağlayan eski Yenihan Şefi Sayın Oğuz Benkul BOLLUKÇU‟ya, Arıt İşletme Şefi Sayın Ali DUYMUŞ‟a, Kozcağız İşletme Şefi Sayın Ramazan ONUR‟a, Amasra İşletme Şefi Sayın Erkan Sade‟ye, Kurucaşile İşletme Şefi Sayın İsmail ŞEN‟e ve Merkez İşletme Şefi Sayın Mehmet ÖZDEMİR‟e teşekkür ederim. Arazi çalışmalarında bana yardımcı olan, bu bölümde yüksek lisans yapmamı öneren ve iv destekleyen babam Yılmaz KARA‟ya, eniştem Sadık ARSLAN‟a, ablam Esra ARSLAN‟a; örnek toplamamda yardımcı olan dünyalar tatlısı yeğenim Yusuf Efe ARSLAN‟a; hayatımın her aşamasında yanımda olan biricik annem Zülbiye KARA‟ya; canım kardeşim Hüseyin KARA‟ya, teşekkür ederim. Manevi desteğini benden esirgemeyen değerli arkadaşlarıma teşekkür ederim. Sema KARA v ÖZET Yüksek Lisans Tezi BARTIN ĠLĠ CARABIDAE (COLEOPTERA) TÜRLERĠ Sema KARA Bartın Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Orman Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı Orman Entomolojisi ve Koruma Bilim Dalı Tez DanıĢmanı: Prof. Dr. Azize TOPER KAYGIN Bartın - 2016, sayfa: xviii + 165 2014-2016 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma ile Bartın ilinde yayılış gösteren Carabidae familyasına ait türlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Arazi çalışmalarında çukur tuzak yöntemi kullanılmış serbest dolaşan türler ise elle toplanmıştır. Bartın ilinin her bir ilçesinde (Merkez, Amasra, Ulus, Kurucaşile) farklı habitatlar tercih edilerek, çukur tuzaklar kurulmuştur. Çukur tuzak yöntemine ek olarak kış döneminde de Carabidae faunasına ait veriler elde etmek için kışın böceklerin saklanabileceği kışlak tuzaklar kurulmuştur. Fakat bu yöntemden başarılı sonuç alınamamıştır. Çukur tuzaklarda yakalanan ve serbest dolaşan böcekler toplanıp laboratuvar ortamında preparasyonları yapılmıştır. Preparasyonu yapılan türler toplandıkları tarih, mevkii gibi arazi bilgilerinin bulunduğu etiketler ile koleksiyon kutularına yerleştirilmiştir. Tür teşhisleri yapılarak, her bir tür fotoğraflanmıştır. Ayrıca Carabus türlerinin erginlerinin beslenmesi, çiftleşmesi ve yumurta bırakma döneminin bir kısmı gözlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada Carabidae familyasından 419 adet ergin ve 41 adet larva incelenmiştir Çalışmanın sonucunda Bartın ilinde 10 alt familyaya ait 26 cins, 51 tür ve alttür tespit vi edilmiş olup 2 tür Türkiye faunası için yeni kayıt özelliğindedir. Bartın ilinde Carabidae türlerinin sistematiği çıkarılmıştır. Ayrıca bu çalışma Bartın ilinde Carabidae familyasına ait olan türlerin araştırılmasına yönelik ilk çalışma niteliğinde olup, tespit edilen türler de Bartın için ilk kayıt olma özelliğini taşımaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler Bartın; Carabidae; Çukur Tuzak; Kışlak Tuzak; Predatör. Bilim Kodu 502.02.01 vii ABSTRACT M. Sc. Thesis CARABIDAE (COLEOPTERA) SPECIES IN BARTIN PROVINCE Sema KARA Bartın University Graudate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Forest Engineering Science of Forest Entomology and Protection Thesis Advisor: Prof. Dr. Azize TOPER KAYGIN Bartın - 2016, pp: xviii + 165 The purpose of this study, which was carried out in 2014-2016, was to determine the species belonging to Carabidae family and expanding in Bartın province. Pitfall trap method was used in the field work and those free species were collected by hand. Pitfall traps were set in different habitats in each district of Bartın province (Center, Amasra, Ulus, Kurucaşile). In addition to pitfall traps, winter traps were set to collect data on Carabidae fauna during the winter time. However, this method wasn‟t successful. The insects that fell into the pitfall trap or move freely were collected, and then the samples were prepared in the laboratory. With stickers showing the collection date and place, they were put into collection boxes. The species were identified and each species was photographed. In addition, the eating, copulating and a part of egg laying periods of Carabus species adults were observed. In this study, totally 419 adults and 41 larvae of Carabidae family were examined. At the and of the study, 26 genera, 51 species and subspecies of 10 subfamilies belonging to Carabidae family in the province of Bartın were identified; 2 species are new record for Turkey‟s fauna. Carabidae species of Bartın province with this systematic detection has viii been exerted. Moreover, it is the first study on identifying the species of Carabidae family in the city. The identified species have been the first records for the area. Key Words Bartın; Carabidae; pitfall trap; Predator; winter trap. Science Code 502.02.01 ix ĠÇĠNDEKĠLER Sayfa KABUL VE ONAY .............................................................................................................. ii BEYANNAME ..................................................................................................................... iii ÖN SÖZ ................................................................................................................................ iv ÖZET .................................................................................................................................... vi ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... viii İÇİNDEKİLER ...................................................................................................................... x ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ ............................................................................................................ xiii TABLOLAR DİZİNİ ......................................................................................................... xvii SİMGELER VE KISALTMALAR DİZİNİ ..................................................................... xviii BÖLÜM I GİRİŞ ................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Genel Bilgiler .............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Carabidae Familyasının Önemi ................................................................................... 2 1.3 Carabidae Familyasının Morfolojisi
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