Asian. THte AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL

Courtesy of George Washington Bicentennial Commission MOUNT VERNON, THE HOME OF GENERAL GEORGE WASHINGTON View of the East Portico

APRIL, 1932 INSURANCE SERVICE ANNUITIES

AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION

The American Foreign Service Protective Association is a non - profit mutual association organized for the promotion of the welfare of foreign service officers and their families:

WHICH has in force group insurance WHICH assists beneficiaries of deceased amounting to more than $1,700,000 with a members to defray immediate emergency consistent increase in membership ; expenses; WHICH has paid since its organization WHICH desires to increase its member¬ three years ago $43,000 in death claims; ship in order to spread more widely the benefits of its services and to offer the pos¬ WHICH offers a choice of several an¬ sibility of a substantial decrease in the nuity provisions affording an ideal medium present low group rates; for investment and savings and for an ad¬ WHICH invites every foreign service ditional income after retirement; officer under fifty-five years of age to be¬ come a member upon simple entrance re¬ WHICH offers the service of a qualified quirements, namely, application, certificate insurance adviser upon any phase of insur¬ in regard to health and check for first ance such as life insurance trusts, estate tax quarter’s premium ranging from $7.50 to insurance, educational policies, et cetera; $37.50, depending upon rank in the Foreign WHICH has its contracts underwritten Service and amount of insurance; by one of the largest and strongest Ameri¬ WHICH solicits the aid and co-operation can insurance companies with assets of of every foreign service officer in promot¬ nearly one and a half billion dollars; ing the objectives of the Association.

All communications and applications should be addressed to the Secretary- Treasurer, American Foreign Service Protective Association, Room 113, Department of State, Washington, D. C.

JAMES B. STEWART WALTER H. SCHOELLKOPF JOSEPH E. JACOBS President Vice President Secretary-Treasurer J. ALAN MAPHIS, Insurance Adviser HARRY A. HAVENS, Assistant to Secretary-Treasurer MEMBERSHIP ROLL American Foreign Service Association

HONORARY PRESIDENT

HENRY L. STIMSON Secretary of State

HONORARY VICE PRESIDENTS

WILLIAM R. CASTLE, JR. Undersecretary of State WILBUR J. CARR Assistant Secretary of State FRANCIS WHITE Assistant Secretary of State JAMES GRAFTON ROGERS Assistant Secretary of State HARVEY H. BUNDY .... Assistant Secretary of State

ARTHUR BLISS LANE President GEORGE S. MESSERSMITH Vice President

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

HOMER M. BYINGTON Chairman HERSHEL V. JOHNSON Vice Chairman PIERRE DE L. BOAL, ORME WILSON, and WALTER A. FOOTE

ALTERNATES HORACE LEE WASHINGTON GEORGE TAIT

MAXWELL M. HAMILTON Secretary-Treasurer of the Association

ENTERTAINMENT COMMITTEE

A. DANA HODGDON, Chairman; PETER H. A. FLOOD, and H. FREEMAN MATTHEWS

JOURNAL STAFF

AUGUSTUS E. INGRAM Editor JAMES B. STEWART ■Consulting Editor WALTER A. FOOTE Associate Editor MARSHALL M. VANCE Business Mamger CLAYSON W. ALDRIDGE Treasitrer of Journal

Honorary members 10 Active members 817 Associate members 113

March 19, 1932. Total membership 940 Honorary Members of the American Foreign Service Association Bundy, Harvey H. Ilengstler, Herbert C. Olds, Robert E. Stimson, Henry L. Carr, Wilbur J. Hughes, Charles Evans Rogers, James Grafton White, Francis Castle, William K., Jr. Kellogg, Frank B, Active Members of the American Foreign Service Association Bower, Roy E. B. Clubb, <). Edmund E Bowerman, Paul Clum, Harold I). Early, William W. Abbey, Glenn A. Bowman, Howard A. Cochran, II. Merle Eberhardt, Charles C, Abbott, George M. Bowman, Thomas I). Cochran, William 1\, Jr. Ebling, Samuel G. Abbott, Wainwright Boyce, Richard F. Coe, Robert D. Edgar, Donald D. Achilles, Theodore C. Boyle, Lewis V. Cole, Felix Edson, Andrew \V. Ackerson, Garret G., Jr. Boyle, Walter F. Colebrook. Mulford A. Edwards, Clement S. Acly, Robert A. Braddock, Daniel M. Coleman. Frederick W. B. Eells, Stillman W. Adams, Philip Bradford, Robert R. Collins, Harold M. Elbrick, C. Burke Adams, Walter A. Brady, Austin C. Connelly, Bernard C. Ellis, Leon II. Adams, William W. Bragonier, Reginald, Jr. Converse, Charles A. Filling, Howard, Jr. Ailshie, William K. Brand, Norton F. Cooke. Arthur B. Eitgdahl, F\ Russell Alden, Austin Craig Brandt, George L. Cooke, Hedley V. Engert, C. Van II. Aldridge, Clay son W. Brent, Joseph L. Cookingham. Harrison N. English, Robert Alexander, Knox Brett, Homer Corcoran, William W. Erhardt, John G. Allen, Charles E. Brener. Carl Corrigan, John Evans, Ernest E. Allen, George V. Briggs, Ellis O. Allen, Stuart Coulter, Eliot B. Everett, Curtis T. Briggs, Lawrence P. Cousins, Albert H., Jr. Ailing, Paul IF Brodie, Edward E. F Allison, John M. (loville, Cabot Farnsworth, Frederick E. Brooks, Russell M. Cox, Raymond E. Allman, Norwood F. Brown, James E., Jr. Farrell, William S. Altaffer, Maurice AV. Crocker, Edward S.. 2d Faust, John B. Brown, Philip M. Crosby, Sheldon L. Anderson, Daniel V. Brown, Robert V. Feely, Fid ward FY Anderson, Edward, Jr. Browne, Sidney II. Cross, Cecil M. P. Fernald, Robert FY Anderson, George E. Broy, Charles C. Cruger, Alexander P. Ferrin, Augustin W. Andrews, William W. Bruins, John II. Cunningham, Edwin S. Ferris, Cornelius Anslinger, Harry J. Brunswick. William W. Curtis, Charles B. Ferris, Walton C. Armour, Norman Bucklin, George A. Finley, Harold 1). Armstrong, George A. Bucknell, Howard, Jr. D FYslier, Carl A. Armstrong, Lawrence S. Fisher, Dorsey G. Buell, Robert L. Daniels, Paul C. Arnold, Frank I). Fisher, FTed I). Buffum, David II. Davies, John, Jr. Atcheson, George, Jr. Buhnnan. Parker W. Flack, Joseph Atherton, Ray Davis, John K. FYetcher, C. Paul Bcrdett. William C. Davis, Leslie A. Atwood, Franklin B. Burke. Gordon L. Fletcher, Samuel J. Davis, Monnett B. Flood, Douglas Burri, Alfred T. Davis, Nathaniel P. Bursley. Herbert S. Flood, Peter II. A. B Davis, Raymond Burt, Joseph F. Flournoy, William E. Buss, Claude A. Davis. Thomas I>. F'oote, Walter A. Bacon, J. Kenly Dawson, Allan Bader, Ralph 11. Busser, Ralph C. Forbes. W. Cameron Butler. George II. Dawson, Claude I. FY)rd, Richard Bailey, John W., Jr. Dawson, Leonard G. Butrick, Richard P. Fornes, Frederic C., Jr. Bailey, Waldo E. Dawson, William Baker, Henry I). Butterworth. William W.. Jr. Forsyth, TY Mnldrup Byington. Homer M. Day. Henry B. Baker, Roy W. Hearing, Fred Morris Foster, Carol II. Balch, Henry II. Byingt on. Homer M., Jr. Foster, Paul II. DeCourcy, William FI. FY)x, Hugh C. Baldwin, Frederick W. Deichman. Carl F. Baldwin, La Verne C Fox, Ray De Lambert, Richard M. Franklin, Harry L. Ballantine, Joseph W. Den by, James O. Cabot. John M. Franklin, Lynn AV. Barbour, Walworth Dennis. Lawrence Caffery, Edward Frazer, Robert Barnes, Maynaid B. de Olivares. Jose Caffery. Jefferson Frost, Arthur C. Bay, Charles A. Caldwell, John K. Derry, Charles H. Beach, William II. Frost, Wesley Callanan. T.,eo J. I)eVault, Charles 1J. Fuller, George G. Beam, Jacob I>. Calvert. John S. Dick. Ilasell H. Beaulac, Willard L. Fuller, Stuart J. Cameron. Alfred D. Dickinson, Horace J. Fullerton, Hugh S. Beck, Henry A. W. Cameron, Charles R. Dicko'ver, Erie R. Beck, William II. Funk, Ilo C. Campbell, Harry Dickson, Samuel S. Belin, F. Lammot : ,, G Cannon. Cavend '- « W. I >illingham. Sherburne Benedict, James S. Carey, Reginald S. Dodge. II. Fereival Gade, Gerhard Benningboff. II. Merrell Dominian. T^eon Galbraith, Willard Benton, J. Webb Carleton, Algar E. Carlson. Harry E. Donald. George K. Gale, William II. Berger, 1 )avid C. Donegan, Alfred W. Gallman, Waldemar J. Bernstein, Herman Carter, James G. Donovan, Howard Gamon, John A. Bevan, Thomas II. Castleman. Reginald S. Doolittle, Hooker A. Gannett, Taylor AV. Biar, Herbert C. Ca vena ugh. William F. Doornail. Eugene II. Gantenbein, James ANY Bigelow, Donald F. Chamberlain. Culver B. Chamberlin. George FI. Dorr, Julian C. Garrels, Arthur Bingham, Hiram, Jr. Garrett, Alonzo B. Black, J. Ernest Cbapin, Selden Dorsey, W. Roderick Chapin. Vinton Dors/., Edmund J. Garrett, John AV. Blake, Gilson G. Garrety, AVilliam P. Blake, Maxwell Chapman, J. Holbrook Doty, William F. Gaudin, Daniel Blake, Ralph J. Chapman. William FI. Dow, Edward A. Bliss, Robert Woods Chase, Augustus S. Doyle, Albert M. Gauss, Clarence E. Blocker, William P. Chesbrough. Raloh F. Drew, Gerald A. Geist, Raymond H. Blobm, Lee R. Childs, J. Rives Dreyfus, Louis G.. Jr. George, AVilliam 1*. Boal, Pierre de L. Childs. Prescott Drumright. Everett F\ Gest, Sydney G. Boernstein, Ralph A. Chiperfield. Claude B. dll Bois. Coert Gibson, Hugh S. Bohr, Frank Chipman. Norris B. Dulles, Allen W. Gibson, Raleigh A. Bonbright. Janies C. Clark. J. Reuben, Jr. Dumont, Frederick T. F. Gilbert, Prentiss B. Bonnet, Ellis A. Clark. Tiewis Dunlap, Maurice P. Gilman, J. Thayer Dunn. James C. Gittings, John S. Borden, Edward P. Clark. Reed Paige T Dwvre. Dudley G. Goding. Frederic AA . Bouehal, John L. Clattenburg. Albert E.. Jr. T Bouclier, Hiram A. Cleveland. Theodore S. Dye, John W. Goforth, Herndon AA . Goodier, Harvey T. Flulley, Benjamin M. Loren, Odin G. Aluse, Benjamin Gould, Herbert S. Hunt, William II. Lowrie, Will L. Alyers, David J. D. Gordon, George A. Hurley, John P. Lynch, Andrew G. Alyers, Alyrl S. (iotlieb, Bernard Hurst, Carlton Lyon, Cecil B. N Gourley, Louis H. Hurst, Carlton Bailey M Nasmith, Charles R. Gowen, Franklin C. Huston, Cloyce K. (Jrant-Sinilb, F. Macatee, Robert B. Nason, William F''. Huston, Jay C. Nathan, Edward I. Gray, Archibald E- Hutchinson, Charles A. MacDonald, John J. N ester, Alfred T. Gray, Cecil AY. Hutton, Paul ('., Jr. MacEachran, Clinton E. Neville, Edwin L. Gray, Paul J. I Macgowan, David IF MacMurray, John V. A. Newbegin, Robert, 2d Green, Leonard N. Ingram, Augustus E. Greene, Elbridge G. MacNider, Hanford Newton, Joseph E. Ives, Ernest L. Mac Yea gli. John II. Nielsen, Orsen N. Greene, AVinthrop S. J Grew, Joseph C. MacVitty, Karl deG. Norton, Edward J. Groeninger, Joseph G, Jackson, Jesse B. Macy, Clarence 10. Norweb, R. Henry Jacobs, Joseph E. Magnuson, Erik W. Groth, Edward AF O Jaeckel, Theodore Magruder, Alexander R. Grout, John H. Oakes, Calvin H. Grummon, Stuart E. Janz, Robert Maher, Dale W. Jarvis, Robert Y. Maliin, Frank W. O Donoghue, Sidney 10. Gufler, Bernard Orebaugh, AValter AV. Guggenheim, Harry F. Jay, Peter Augustus Makinson, George A. Jenkins, Douglas Maleady, Thomas .1. Orr, George Gunther, Franklin M. Osborne, John Ball Gwynn, William M. Jenkins, Douglas, Jr. Malige, Marcel 10. Jester, Perry N. Mallon, Patrick Owens, Thomas R. H Johnson, Hal left. Maney, Edward S. P Johnson, Henry A held; Marriner, J. Theodore Haden, It. Allen Packer, Earl L. Johnson, Herscliel V. Marsh. O. Gaylord Paddock, Gordon Ilaeberle, Arminius T. Johnson, John I). Martin, Chester AA’. Ilaering, George J. Page, Charles A. Johnson. Nelson T. Alatthews, H. Freeman Page, Edward, Jr. Hull, Carlos C. Jones, Alfred W. A layer, Ferdinand L. Hall, Monroe Palmer, Ely 10. Jones, J. Wesley Mayer, Leslie G. Palmer, John P. Halstead, Albert Jones, William (>. Maynard, Lester Hamilton, Maxwell M. Park, James L. Jordan, Curtis C. McArdle, John Park, Nelson R. Hammond, Ogden II. Josselyn, Paul It. McBride, Harrv A. Hanna, Matthew E. Parks, James 10. Joyce, Robert P. McCafferty, AVilliam J. Pasqutt, Alaurice Hanson, George C. Juddson, Harte M. McClintock, Robert M. Hare, Raymond A. Pa Person, Jefferson K McCloud, Robert C. Patton, Kenneth S. Harnden, Robert W. McConaughy, AAFalter P. Harrington, Julian F. Ivagey, Charles L. Paxton, J. Hall McConnico, Andrew .1. Peek, AVillys R. Harris, Ernest L. Kane, Albert E. McDonough, Dayle C. Harrison, Landreth M. Kaufman, David E. Penlield, James K. .AIcEnelly, Thomas Perkins, Alahlon F. Harrison, Leland Ivazanjian, Reginald S. McGonigal, Donal F. Harrison, Randolph, Jr. Iveblinger, Wilbur Perkins, Troy L. McGregor, Robert G., Jr. Philip, Hoffman Hart, Charles C. Iveeley, James IF. Jr. AlcGurk, Joseph F. Pickerell, George II. Hartley, II. Livingston Iveena, Leo J. McKenna. James 10. Harvey, Constance Ray Kehl, John E. Pierce, Alaurice C. McKinney, AAFilter IF Pilcher, James B. Haskell, Lewis W. Keith, Gerald McMillin, Stewart 10. Pinkerton, Julian L. Hathaway, Charles M.. Jr. Ivelchner, Warren II. McNerney. Gerald F. Haven, Joseph Emerson Kelley, Robert F. Pinkerton, Lowell (j. M(Niece, Iienwick S. Pisar, Charles .1. Haven, Richard B. Kelsey, Easton T. Meinhardt, Carl I). Play ter, Harold Hawks, Stanley Kemp, Edwin C. Memminger, Lucien Plitt, Edwin A. Hawley, Harry F. Kemper. Graham II. Merrell, George IF. Jr. Poindexter, Aides Heard, William W. Kendrick, Stephen E. C. Alerriam, Gordon P. Heath, Donald R. Kennan, George F. Pond, J. Lawrence Merrill, Gregor C. Pool, John C. Ileingartner, Robert W. Ketcham, John B. Merrill, Keith Heintzleman, Percy S. Kirk, Alexander C. Poole, Dewitt C. Messersmith. George S. Potter, Kennelt F. Heisler, Charles H. Ivliefoth, Alfred W. Meyer, Cord Prendergast. AValter T. Heizer, Oscar S. Knabensliue, Paul Meyer, Paul AV. Henderson, James E. Kodding, Trojan Preston, Austin R. Milbourne, Harvey L. Putnam, John R. Henderson, Loy W. Kohler, Foy I). Millard, Hugh Henry, Frank A. Krentz, Kenneth C. Miller, G. Harlan R Ilewes, Clarence B. Kuniholm. Bertel 10. A Idler, Hugh S. Ragland, Joseph P. Ilickerson, John 1). Kuykendall, C. Porter Miller, Ralph Rairden, Bradstreet S. Hickok, Thomas A. Aliller, Hansford S. Rami, Edward B. Flicks, Knowlton V. LaMont, George D. Alills, Sheldon T. Randolph, John Higgins, Lawrence Lancaster. Nathaniel, Jr. Alinnigerode. IF Gordon Ravndal, Clnistian AI. Hill, Hayward G. Lane, Arthur Bliss Alinor, Harold B. Ravndal. Gabriel B. Hinke, Frederick W. Lane, George Bliss AIinter, John R. Ray, John A. Hinkle, Eugene M. Lane. Rufus IF. Jr. Alitcheil, Charles 10. Reams, Robert IF Hinkle, Terry S. Lawton, Edward P. Mitchell, Reginald P. Reber, Samuel, Jr. Hitch, Calvin M. Lay, Julius G. Mitchell, AV. M. Parker Redecker, Sydney IF Hitchcock, Henry B. Lay, Tracy Aloffat. Jay Pierrepont ueeit, Charles S., 2d Hodgdon, A. Dana Leavitt, Kent Aloflitt, James P. Reed, Edward L. Hoffman, Walter W. Lee, Frank C. Mokma, Gerald A. Reed, Leslie E. Hogan, Leo P. Lee, Samuel T. Montgomery, Edmund IF Reineck. AA’alter S. Holland, Philip Leonard, Walter A. Mooers, Horatio Tobey Remillard, Horace Holler, John E. Letcher, Marion Moorhead, Alaxwell K. Reveley, Paul J. 1 lolmes, Julius C. Lewis, Charles W., Jr. Aloose, James S.. Jr. Reynolds, Conger Honey, Robertson Lewis, Harrison A. Moreland, AA’illiam D. Richards, Arthur L. Hoover, Charles L. L’Heureus. Herve J. Alorgan, Edwin Ar. Richardson, John S., Jr. Hopper, George D. Lightner, 10. Allan. Jr. AI organ, Henry II. Riddle, John AAr. Horn, Thomas S. Lineaweaver, F. Itidgway A for in, Richard AAr. Riddleberger, James W. Hosmer, Charles B. Linnell, Irving N. Alorris, Ira Nelson Riggs, Benjamin Heath Howell, Williamson S., Jr. Linthicum, Walter J. AT orris, Leland IF Ringwalt, Arthur R. Hubner, John, 2d Lippineott, Aubrey 10. Alorris, Shiras. Jr. Roberts, Quincy F. Huddle, J. Ida hr Littell, John S. Alosher, John S. Robinson, Thomas IF Huddleston, John F. Livingston, Brockholst Aluccio, John J. Roosevelt, Nicholas Hudson. Joel C. Lockhart, Frank P. Alunro, Dana G. Rowe, Alvin T., Jr. Huhn, Tevis Longyear. Robert Dudley AInrphy, James .1.. Jr. Ruffner. Willis E. Hukill, George R. Lord, John IF Murphy, Robert D. Russell, II. Earle s Spamer, Carl (). Townsend. Ralph Westcott, Charles D. Wharton, Clifton R. Sackett, Frederic M. Sparks, Edward J. Travers, Howard K. Salisbury, Laurence E. Spiker, Clarence J. Tredwell, Roger C. Wheeler, Post Sammons, Thomas Sprague, Richard L. Troutman, Harry L. White, Francis Sands, William F. Sprigg, Carroll Trueblood, Edward G. White, John C. Sattertliwaite, Joseph C. Spruks, II. Charles Tuck, S. Pinkney Whitehouse, Sheldon Sauer, Emil Squire, Paul C. Turner, Mason Wiley, John C. Savage, John M. Stafford, Maurice L. v Wiley, Samuel II. Schnare, Lester L. Stanton, W. Quincy Van Benschoten, Arnold Wilkinson, James R. Schoellkopf, Walter 11. Starrett, Henry P. Vance, Marshall M. Williams, Herbert O. Schoenfeld, H. F. Arthur Steger, Christian T. van den Areiul, Frederik Williamson, Harold L. Schoenfeld, Rudolf E. Sterling, Frederick A. Villard, Henry S. Willis, Frances E. Schoenrich, Edwin Stevens, Harry E. Vincent, John C. Willson, Gilbert It. Schuler. Frank A., Jr. Stewart, Francis R. Voetter, Thomas W. Willys, John North Scott, Albert W. Stewart, James B. von Struve, Henry C. Wilson, Charles S. Scott, Winfield H. Steyne, Alan N. von Tresekow, Egmont C. Wilson, Edwin C. Scotten, Iiobert M. Stout, Kenneth S. von Zielinski, Carl M. J. Wilson, Hugh It. Scotten, William E. Streeper, Robert B. Vyse, William C. Wilson, Orme Stuyvesant. L. ltutherfurd Wilson, Thomas M. Seibert, Elvin W Styles, Francis H. Wilson, Warden McK. Seltzer, George E. Wadsworth, Craig W. Shantz, Harold Sullivan, Lucien N. Winans, Charles S. Summerlin, George T. Wadsworth, George Winship. North Shaw, G. Howland Wadsworth, Julius Shaw, George 1\ Sumner, Roger Winslow, Rollin It. Sussdorff, Louis, Jr. Wailes, Edward T. Winters, George II. Shepard, Donald D. Wakefield. Ernest A. Shillock, John C., Jr. Swift, Merritt Wit hey, Howard F. Walker, Jay Wolcott, Henry M. Sholes, Walter II. T Waller, George P. Signor, Wales W. Wood, John Q. Tait, George Walmsley. W. Newbold, Jr. Woodford, Archer Silvers, Edward E. Talbott, Sheridan Walsh, Harry L. Simmons, John F. Woods, Damon C. Taylor, Allan C. Ward, Angus I. Woods, Leslie I]. Skinner, Robert 1*. Taylor, Howard C. Ward, Robert S. Slater, Fred C. Woodward, G. Carlton Taylor, Laurence W. Warner, Carlos J. Woodward, Stanley Slavens, Stanley G. Thackara, Alexander M. Warner, Gerald Sloan, Alexander K. Worley, Lee Tlmw, Benjamin, Jr. Warner, Margaret Wormuth, ltomeyn Smale, William A. Thiel, Cyril L. F. Warren, A via M. Smith, E. Talbot Wright, J. Butler Thomas, Edward B. Warren, Fletcher Wright, James PI. Smith, Gaston Thompson, Llewellyn E., Jr. Washington, Horace Lee Smith, Horace H. Thompson, Milton P. Washington, S. Walter Y Smith, Lelarnl L. Thompson, S. Reid Wasson, Thomas C. Yates, Lloyd D. Smith, William Walker Thomson, Alfred R. Waterman, Henry S. Yea rues, Kenneth J. Smyth, Robert L. Thurston, Walter C. Watson, Hugh H. Yerby, William J. Sokobin, Samuel Timberlake, Clare 11. Watson, John J. C. Yost, Bartley V. South, John Glover Tittmann, Harold H. Webber, Leroy Young, Evan E. Southard, Addison R. Totten, Ralph J. Weddell, Alexander W. Young, George W. Southgate. Richard R. Touehette, Joseph I. Wendelin, Eric C. Young, James B. Spalding, Francis L. Tower, Arthur F. Werlich, McCeney Young, Whitney Associate Members of the American Foreign Service Association

A F Leonard, Henry H. S Allen, Charles W. Ferguson, Ollis B. Levis, Davis B. Sawyer, John B. Arnold, Julean Fisher, Dwight W. Livengood, Charles A. Shand, Miles M. Fisher, T. Monroe Lynch, William R. Sherman, Harry T. B Flack, Thomas R. M Shipley, Ruth B. Barnes, Charles M. Flavin, Arthur T. Shockley, William P. Beaumont, Adam FI ye, < )rlando L. Matthews, Ben C. Shockley, William I\, Jr. Bohne, Frederick A. Foley, Edward A. McDermott, Michael J. Sigmond, Frithjof C. Boragino, Angelo Follmer, Cyrus B. McGlasson, Clifford W. Smith, Marc McKee, Edwin Bow cock, James M. G Stewart, Warren C. Brandt, John McNeir, William Sundell, Charles C. Gaines, Oscar W. More, Bolard Brennan, Charles J. Garvin, John T. T Brennan, Earl Murdock, James (). Gilchrist, Andrew Taylor, Eli Brown, William H. Murray, William B. Green, Joseph C. Tenney, Parker G. Burke, James G. N Thompson, Paul Dean Burke, Thomas E. H Newcomb, Robert M. Haines, Henry S. U C Niccoli, Frank C. Harper, Oscar C. Unverzagt, Henry T. Callahan, James E. Hawthorne, Carl O. O Carlson, Harold Hood, Hugh S. O’Keefe, John J. V Child, James D. Houck, Fred H. O’Neill, James 1''. Vipond, B. Leslie Christie, Emerson B. Hoyt, Ira F. Ott, Robert M. Vogenitz, Hernan C. Codoner, Manuel J. Oury-Jackson, Granville Hunt, Ralph PI. w Cooke, Charles Lee J P Cotie, Lawrence F. Wall, Carlton A. Coyle, John J. Jandrey, Fred W. Park, Sam Washbourne, Frederick L. Cumming, Hugh S. Johnson, Albion W. Parsloe, Arthur G. Watson, Hugh Cussans, Frank Johnson, Frederick C. Perkins, Ernest It. Wenger, Aloysius Johnson, Leslie W. Phelan, Raymond Wilkinson, Stanley L. K Powell, Thomas M. Williams, Arthur It. Demi lie, Paul PI. Keeler, Erwin P. Powers, Patrick J. Wood, Corey F. Demorest, Alfredo L. Kemp, Percy G. Purdy, Henry T. Wood, Harold C. deWolf, Francis C. Kendall, Frederick A. R Douglass, William B., Jr. Y Dwyer, Henry T. L Rankin, Karl L. Yeager, C. Franklin, Jr. Lamed, Frank H. Rhodes, Otis W. E Lawson, Stanley R. Richardson, Gardner z Eaton. Earl W. Lenzer, Victor M. Rowley, Eugene C. Zawadzki, Casimir T. HE

FOREIGN S JOURNAL

PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION

VOL. IX, No. 4. WASHINGTON, D. C. APRIL, 1932 The Shakespeare Memorial Theatre STRATFORD ON AVON THE striking feature of this year’s April fire. Up to November, 1931, about £280,000 had festival of the Stratford on Avon Players been subscribed toward the cost. Of this sum on April 23, Shakespeare’s birthday, will he £126,000 came from America. Not only is the the opening by the Prince of Wales of the new expense of the new theatre already fully covered, Memorial Theatre at Stratford on Avon, which but it is expected that there will be left in reserve has recently been completed, having been built an endowment fund of £100,000. from the design of Miss Elizabeth Scott. The Consul George A. Makinson, at Birmingham, Christian Science Monitor stated in a recent issue England, has kindly sent the photograph which that the new theatre is from the theatrical and is reproduced in this issue, together with a de¬ technical point of view a great advance on the old scriptive article from the Birmingham Post from theatre, which was destroyed some years ago by which the following details have been taken:

Photo from G. A. Makinson SHAKESPEARE MEMORIAL THEATRE, STRATFORD ON AVON 125 Apparently the exterior view of the bold, simple dressing rooms, with bath rooms and shower baths, lines of the modern architecture of the new are numerous, two of them being so placed that theatre may not appeal to everybody, even when in the event of quick changes the actors will be it is viewed from a proper distance to enable it very close to the stage. The lighting of the dress¬ to be seen as a whole. In England, it is said that, ing rooms will conform to that on the stage. So from an architectural point of view, there has far as the auditorium is concerned, the lighting until now been no such thing as a theatre, but only will be diffused and indirect. a facade with three hidden sides. The great archi¬ The theatre is a producer’s paradise, for every tectural merit of the building is that its lines have possible device has been arranged for efficiency. not been determined by any extraneous considera¬ He has even been provided with a small box at tions, but by the purpose for which it is intended. the back of the dress circle from which he can There are those who lament that Miss Scott’s watch the stage through a small window, unseen vision of the building in white concrete was by the audience, and by telephone and loud changed by the distinguished architects who con¬ speaker he will be able to conduct rehearsals or stitute the Advisory Council to red brick, but control his performance without the necessity of when viewed from the river there is something going to the stage. imposing and massive about its appearance; and The entrance hall is finished in greyish blue when its surrounding of lawns and close clipped brick. The main staircase is of green Italian box trees is completed, and the terrace with its marble, curving round a court with a fountain in steps to the river is available as a promenade, and the center. The entrance to the dress circle is the river frontage of the old theatre is converted panelled in beautifully grained sycamore, with a into a winter garden, this Shakesperian Theatre by silvery and satinlike finish; while the pillars are the “soft flowing Avon” will harmonize with the dark rosewood. landscape. From the flat roof of the building a What a far cry from the days of Shakespeare’s beautiful view of the countryside, Shakespeare’s theatre at Blackfriars, or even from the perform¬ Warwickshire, is unfolded like a panorama. ances by royal request at Whitehall! For the arrangement and equipment of the in¬ terior of the building, there is nothing but the Sir Sidney Lee, in his “Life of William Shakes¬ most cordial praise. The auditorium has been peare” (Smith, Elder & Co., London, 1915), said, constructed so that a perfect view of the stage on page 651, that “the accepted version of Shakes¬ can be obtained from every seat. The dress circle peare’s biography rests securely on documentary rises in tiers from the level of the stalls, and from evidence and on a continuous stream of oral tra¬ the back of it, in the middle, is the only box in dition, which went wholly unquestioned for more the house, the Royal Box. The gallery is not than three centuries, and has not been seriously built above the circle but behind it, so that every impugned since. Yet the apparent contrast be¬ seat in the house has nothing overhead but the tween the homeliness of Shakespeare’s Stratford roof. career and the breath of observation and knowl¬ The equipment of the stage is greatly in ad¬ edge displayed in his literary work has evoked the vance of that of any other theatre in England. fantastic theory that Shakespeare was not the On either side, as viewed through the proscenium author of the literature that passes under his name. arch, is a bay into which will slide a platform. Perverse attempts have been made either to pro¬ When a change of setting is required, the old nounce the authorship of his works an open ques¬ scene will be rolled into one bay, while the new tion or to assign them to his contemporary, scene will be rolled on from the other. This de¬ Francis Bacon (1561-1626), the great prose vice, known as the rolling stage, is in use in sev¬ writer, philosopher and lawyer. . . . Joseph C. eral German theatres, and is preferable to the Plart (U. S. Consul at Santa Cruz, d. 1855), in revolving stage which acts like a turntable. In his “Romance of Yachting” (1848) first raised addition to this, the main stage is divided into doubts of Shakespeare’s authorship.” [Reference three parts, two of which, known as “bridges,” to Mr. Hart’s work discloses that he devotes many can be raised or lowered at will so that building pages to this subject (pages 207-243), and that in the walls of a beleagured city will require no more his preface he states that “incidental subjects than the touch of a switch. The precautions treated of in this volume are several favorite and against fire, and the heating and ventilating ar¬ prevailing historical assumptions, which the author rangements are of the latest approved designs. has made the objects of his dissent, . . . (among No English theatre has ever studied so well the which is) the position assigned to Shakespeare as comfort and convenience of the actors. The a superior literary genius.”] 126 Folger Shakespeare Library Washington, D. C.

CLOSE to the Library of Congress, and nation and erected a marble building to house it across from the site of the new United so as to be a national monument to the glory of States Supreme Court building, on Capitol Shakespeare and to stimulate literary study. Hill, has arisen a new architectural gem in white It is said that the new library building repre¬ Georgian marble to house the valuable library and sents an investment of approximately $2,000,000. collection of relics relating to the great playwright, The trustees of Amherst College, Mr. Folger’s William Shakespeare, presented to the nation by alma mater, are charged with the management and the late Henry Clay Folger. maintenance of the building and of the valuable Mr. Folger, who was a high executive in the collection of Shakesperian books and relics, and Standard Oil Company of New York, traveled with the administration of a $10,000,000 endow¬ extensively, and with the invaluable aid of Mrs. ment fund left by Mr. Folger. Calvin Coolidge, Folger he accumulated from all parts of the world ex-President of the United States, has recently- one of the most valuable collections of relics re¬ become chairman of the Plan and Scope Commit¬ lating to Shakespeare’s life and work. Then tee of the Folger Shakespeare Library, succeeding graciously they presented the collection to the the late Senator Dwight W. Morrow; and it is

Harris & Ewing FOLGER SHAKESPEARE THEATRE 127 stated that this committee will be in effect the man¬ century. A carved oak screen at one end of the agers of the establishment, the college trustees room pictures the Shakespeare memorial at acting as supervisors of the committee’s labors. Trinity Church, Stratford-on-Avon, while a William A. Slade is the librarian in charge. large gothic window of stained glass portrays It is hoped that formal dedication of the Shakespeare’s “Seven Ages of Man.” library may be arranged for April 23, 1932, the The arrangement of the library has been en¬ anniversary of Shakespeare’s birthday. The gaging much attention, and it is understood that building is now practically completed, but the ar¬ Mrs. Folger has herself been lending valuable rangement of the library before it can be opened assistance to this work. More than 70,000 to the public is a matter that may occupy several volumes about Shakespeare or by him will be months. in the library, and included in the collection is Mr. Folger entrusted the designing of the almost a complete series of the plays in quarto, building to Paul Philippe Cret, a Philadelphia 79 of the 200 known existing copies of the first architect, and Alexander B. Trowbridge is the con¬ folio of Shakespeare’s plays published in 1623, sulting architect. At first it was desired that the about 50 copies of the second folio, and about 24 building should be on the lines of Elizabethan of the third. architecture but finally it was decided that it There are two copies of the first printing of should, as to its exterior, conform to the classi¬ Shakespeare’s sonnets. In addition to these vol¬ cal conventions of the Capitol group of buildings. umes of extreme rarity, there are interesting The marble exterior is impressive in its simplicity, copies of the plays annotated by famous actors, and also in the perfection of the workmanship. such as Garrick, Kean, Booth, etc. The building is rectangular in form, with its long- The most striking feature of the building is dimension facing East Capitol Street, and an open the theater or auditorium, a reproduction of an court at the rear. Sculptural panels have been set Elizabethan playhouse such as one in which in the bays below the windows on the facade of Shakespeare’s plays were first produced; indeed the north side, each of these panels, the work of an attempt has been made to recreate the condi¬ John Gregory, sculptor, representing in high re¬ tions of an Elizabethan theater with its galleries lief a familiar scene from Shakespeare, such as The seating capacity is barely sufficient for 300 “A Midsummer Night’s Dream,” “The Tragedy persons, but the theater is not for commercial of King Lear,” “The Tragedy of Julius Caesar,” operation. Occasional dramatic programs will “The Tragedy of Macbeth,” etc. Inscriptions, be presented, and the hall may also be used for quotations from old authors in praise of Shakes¬ lectures. peare, have also been carved in the frieze on the north side of the building; while in the frieze on The value of this wonderful gift from Mr. the west side is the inscription from “Love’s and Mrs. Folger is so great that we at this time Labour Lost,” “For Wisdome sake, a word that can only feebly express our appreciation, but all men love.” There is also a fountain in the future generations will add, in increasing garden on the west side with a charming figure of measure, their tribute of gratitude. A writer in Puck, with the inscription, “Lord, what fools we the Dictionary of American Biography has aptly mortals he.” said that the Folger collection is like an invisible planet whose magnitude can be conjectured only Passing to the interior, one enters the exhibi¬ by the irresistible force with which it attracts tion hall, lined with oak panels and decorated lesser bodies to it, and the truth of this saying with delicately molded plaster. At one end of will be manifest in the coming years. the room is the Tudor coat of arms, while at the other is the seal of the United States. In this hall the Folger collection of relics will be dis¬ My Shakespeare, rise! I will not lodge thee by played in show cases. These consist of costumes, Chaucer, or Spencer,—or let Beaumont lie stage properties, portraits and photographs of A little further to make thee a room; celebrated actors and actresses in character Thou art a monument without a tomb, And art alive still while thy book doth live, parts, autographed letters, manuscripts, play¬ And we have wits to read, and praise to give. bills, programs, etc. There will also be on dis¬ play a chest that belonged to Anne Hathaway, Shine forth, thou star of poets, and with rage, and a number of rare Elizabethan musical in¬ Or influence, chide or cheer the drooping stage; struments. Which since thy flight from hence hath mourn’d like night The reading room is a balconied English hall, And despairs day, but for thy volume’s light. with oak beams, after the style of the sixteenth BEN JONSON. 128 Fifty Years in the Department of State

By MILES M. SHAND IT is a long, long trail from 1882 to 1932 in the Ten Presidents and 22 Secretaries of State Department of State, which many great and have served during the past 50 years, also 43 coun¬ good men have been traveling. selors and assistant secretaries of the department, The Department Register of 1882 shows a force with a great number of men in the Foreign of only 95 persons; officers, 13; clerks, 49, includ¬ Service. Their names call up many an incident ing 11 women; messengers, laborers and others. of human interest, to recite many of which would 17; watchmen and others in the care of the build¬ doubtless be boring. Coming along the hallway ing, 16. one hot afternoon, years ago, the open door of the The Register of 1932 discloses a force of 910. Secretary revealed him nodding at his desk, his arranged in the new grades as follows: officers, 7; private secretary, overcome in the same manner, professional, 212; sub-professional. 18; clerical and outside the messenger far away in dream¬ and administrative, 592; and custodial service, 88. land. What a scene for some of our newspapers to depict! In a time of some excitement, a In the organization of the Department in 1882 newspaper man meeting a colleague outside the there were 7 bureaus; in 1932 there are 30 differ¬ building asked, “What’s the news in the Depart¬ ent offices, several of them with many subdivisions. ment?” “News,” was the answer, in a tone of In 1882 one clerk whose main duty was in con¬ great disgust, “there’s one man who can’t talk, one nection with the accounts of the Foreign Service who can’t hear, and another who can’t think.” A officers, handled the few incoming and outgoing- favorite saying of one official who wrote a poor telegrams. All correspondence was written by hand was, “A good clerk never uses an eraser.” hand, and all records made in handwriting, which Some of the anti-prohibitionists would have re¬ naturally tended to brevity. A call down was the order for unnecessary words, and an extra word joiced to live alongside of a good sized chest of in a telegram would have brought the guilty man one official who kept a varied stock of liquids. Still another man in the summer days might be near to discharge. When typewriting and dicta¬ seen moving toward the ice cooler several times a tion of correspondence were brought into use, an day with a pick, a bottle and a glass. The tinkle Assistant Secretary remarked that he could fore¬ of ice in the glass was all that his neighbors had see two happenings in consequence, an enormous increase in the output of words and the use of of that particular enjoyment. Then, also, in those paper. days beer was served in the restaurant in the building. But this is probably enough concerning In 1882 the Department was somewhat like a those wet days. family group, while the present organization, in striking contrast, indicates the worldwide interest The men coming in from abroad brought then, of the United States in all respects, and that the as now, interesting stories, and often more Department is conducted accordingly. tangible tokens, which practice has been frowned In 1882 there were 34 legations (no embas¬ upon for many a day. sies) ; in 1932 there are 15 embassies and 46 lega¬ The roll of fine men in the Department and in tions. In 1882, principal consular officers, includ¬ the Service in foreign countries in the past 50 ing consuls general, consuls and commercial years is a long one. The Service both here and agents numbered 311. There were 32 ministers abroad has been wonderfully developed and and 14 secretaries of legation. Today there are strengthened, and will without doubt be still fur¬ 804 career officers, including 28 ambassadors and ther improved in the years to come. ministers and career men below those two grades. I am grateful for the large number of men I Fifty years ago there were few world events have counted as friends, and for the privilege in to cause excitement in the Department of State. connection with personnel of being of some as¬ Now one may expect such an occurrence very sistance at the time of their entry to many men frequently. now advanced in the Service. These rambles taken among statistics may be of interest to the members of the Foreign Service at home and abroad as indicating the change from Attention is also called to the illustrated article on the days of quiet to these more exciting times. page 138. 129 “Playing the Other Fellows’ Game”

By CAPTAIN CHARLES D. BAYLIS, U.S.M.C., Retired. THE history of the United States Marine Marines as Missionaries Corps would be a history of the inception and growth of the United States of America. In every country in which they have served. The Corps was created by special resolution of Marines have secured the confidence and esteem the Continental Congress on November 10, 1775, of the inhabitants. As soon as conditions return and is older than the Army or the Navy. For 90 to normal, the Marines settle down to routine. of the 157 years that have elapsed since that date, They work hard—but play equally as hard. Marines have been in action against the enemies Marines participate in all branches of sport at of our country, or protecting the citizens of our home, afloat and on foreign shores. Their daily country on foreign shores. routine calls for certain periods to be devoted to athletics. Representative Marine Athletic Teams The duties of the Marines take them to the compete with civilian and service teams, whenever four corners of the earth. In the United States it is possible to arrange playing schedules. they not only maintain their own posts but supply guards for the Navy Yards and Ammunition There is no sport in the world better adapted to Depots. In addition, they sail the seven seas as the Tropics (where Marines have served so part of the complement of the battleships and often), than baseball. It seems to be a part of a cruisers, and in time of national emergency also Marine’s expeditionary equipment—baselialls and serve with the Army. bats. As soon as the inhabitants of an occupied country see the Marines taking to their sports, During the last 50 years, the Marines have par¬ they are quick to gather as spectators. In this ticipated in expeditions to such widely separated way friendly relations are established. Lan¬ places as Chile, Egypt, Cuba, Nicaragua, Philip¬ guages are learned from the questions asked about pine Islands, China, Samoa, Guam, Argentina, sports. The people are quick to learn baseball Colombia, Haiti, Panama, Syria, Mexico, Santo and before long, they too organize teams, are Domingo, Porto Rico, Korea, Abyssinia and coached in many instances by Marines, and be¬ Russia. come quite proficient at the game. It is believed During the World War the Fourth Brigade of that Marines were the first to introduce baseball Marines served with the Second Division of the in Japan, Philippine Islands, Guam, Nicaragua, American Expeditionary Forces in France, and Panama, Cuba, Haiti, Santo Domingo, Virgin won everlasting renown at Belleau Woods, Islands and China. In some of these countries, Soissons, St. Mihiel, Blanc Mont and the Meuse- notably Japan, Philippine Islands, Cuba and Argonne, and served with the American Army of Santo Domingo, baseball is recognized as a Occupation in Germany, following the Armistice. national sport. The Fourth Brigade was mentioned a number of times in the orders of the French Army, and as a result was awarded the much coveted Fourragere, Sports Activities of Marines in China in the colors of the Croix-de-Guerre. When the Third Brigade of Marines went to Since the World War, with the exception of China, in 1927, the Sixth Regiment was stationed minor landing parties in Central American Re¬ in Tientsin. Also serving in Tientsin were publics, there were no Marine expeditions until British, French and Italian regiments, members the early part of 1927, when the Fourth Regi¬ of the Defence Forces. As soon as conditions re¬ ment was dispatched to China, and the Fifth turned to normal, the daily routine of each organi¬ Regiment to Nicaragua. Both of these regiments zation included periods devoted to some form of were later supplemented by additional forces, the athletics. Sixth, Tenth and Twelfth Regiments being sent The British, French and Italians were de¬ to China, and the Eleventh Regiment to Nic¬ votees of Soccer, but the Marines did not go in aragua. In July, 1927, three-fourths of the for this form of sport. Their athletic program Marine Corps were serving outside the conti¬ called for inter-regimental athletics, but it did nental limits of the United States, from St. not bring about the desired results in that no Thomas, Virgin Islands, to Peiping and Shanghai, competition with outside teams could be arranged China. under this plan. 130 It was noticed that the British Regiments en¬ The first year—1927—the Marines played with gaged in many spirited matches of Rugby football, varying success. They were prone to stick to and that the Welsh Regiment in particular was the tactics of American football, which in turn dominating the field at “Rugger,” as the game was brought about penalties, resulting in free-kicks called by the British “Tommies.” The Welch being awarded to their opponents, which often¬ were very friendly to the Marines and extended times converted, spelled defeat for the Marines. an open invitation to the Marines to attend their However, the Marines stuck the season out. games. After witnessing a few matches, the They were learning fast, and their comrades sup¬ Marines decided that here was a game that closely ported them loyally and turned out in great num¬ resembled American football, and that perhaps, bers for all the games. The American form of with some sort of a coach, they, too, might he able “rooting” was slightly misunderstood by the to stage a few matches with British Service teams. British, at first, but this feature only brought out Adoption of Rugby Football by Marines the crowds in still greater numbers, and the games went merrily on. On duty with the Sixth Marines, at the time, was an officer of athletic renown, Lieutenant Marine “Rugger” Teams in Shanghai (now Captain) Harry E. Liversedge, former When the Sixth Marines were ordered back to member of an American Olympic team, and an the United States, most of their outstanding ath¬ outstanding football player in the Corps. It was letes were ordered to Shanghai to join the Fourth learned that Lieutenant Liversedge had played Marines. With them went Lieutenant Liver¬ the game of “Rugger” at the University of Cali¬ sedge, and immediately the Fourth Marines took fornia. With but very little persuasion, Lieuten¬ up “Rugger.” ant Liversedge was asked by a few interested There was quite a large British Colony in members of the regiment to interview Major Shanghai, and the game of “Rugger” had many General Smedley D. Butler, then commanding the devotees in that city, and many first-class teams Third Brigade, and the General quickly approved were in the field. The Shanghai Rugby Union the plan of organizing a Marine Rugby football Football Club sponsored the game in Shanghai, team. The Welsh Regiment very kindly loaned a and within- the club membership were several couple of experienced coaches, and the Marines teams playing under the colors of their native took up Rugger. land, the most notable ones being the Shanghai

FOURTH MARINES RUGBY FOOTBALL TEAM, SHANGHAI, CHINA, 1929-1930 “CHAMPIONS OF THE ORIENT”

Back roiv (left to right)—Captain C. B. Cates, U.S.M.C., Regimental .Athletic Officer; Burke, Stokes, Slusser, Colonel Charles H. Lyman, U.S.M.C., Commanding Fourth Marines; Felt, Clark, Lawless, Lieutenant C. D. Bay- lis, U.S.M.C., Rugby Coach. Front row—Morgan, Williby, Smith, Travers, Cogsdcll, Lcwandowski, Fiese, Maris, Jurgens 131 Scottish, English and Armoured Cars. The around, it was believed that the Marines would Shanghai Interport “Rugger” team was composed be too strong with but one team in the field. Ac¬ of all the outstanding players of Shanghai, and cordingly, two Marine teams took the field, one in each year played Hongkong for the champion¬ each division of the Shanghai Rugby League. ship of China. The club members were for the After many hectic matches, both Marine teams most part British civilians living in Shanghai. emerged the winners in their respective divisions. The Fourth Marines were warmly welcomed The people of Shanghai were then treated to the into the Shanghai “Rugger” circle. amusing, but highly interesting spectacle of two In 1928, the first year the Fourth Marines took American Marine teams battling each other for up “Rugger,” their record is quite impressive the championship of Shanghai at a sport entirely with 17 victories and 3 losses; they scored 255 foreign to their native country. The “RED” points to their opponents 45, and defeated many team of the Fourth Marine won the championship of the crack British Service and civilian teams of from the “BLUE” Fourth Marines team, after a Shanghai. spirited match played before a tremendous crowd, The year 1929 produced the best team the 75 percent of whom were British. Marines ever had in China, and the Fourth The sport loving public of Shanghai took Marines won the undisputed title of “Champions kindly to the sportsmanship of the Fourth of the Orient,” with an impressive record of 10 Marines in “Rugger.” Although the comments, victories, 3 tie games, 1 loss; scoring 306 points at first, were not very flattering to the Marines to their opponents’ 35. The Marines registered (strangers to the “Rugger” code), due mostly to victories over the crack Shanghai and Hongkong their keen desire to win, but, as they became more Interport “Rugger” teams, and over the Welsh proficient at the game they built up quite a follow¬ Regiment and other crack British Service “Rug¬ ing among the civilians of Shanghai. ger” teams. Many amusing incidents occurred during the During the course of the 1929 “Rugger” sea¬ playing seasons. To the observer—familiar with son, it was apparent that no “Rugger” team in the playing rules of American football, and “Rug¬ Shanghai could stop the onward march to victory ger,” it was plainly seen that the inherent traits of the Marines. The Shanghai Rugby Union and characteristics of American football showed Football Club therefore imported the Welsh up quite plainly, especially when the Marines Regiment, from their base at Singapore, Straits would block out of play an opponent not in Settlement, to play the Marines in what turned possession of the ball. This, as the British fans out to be the banner game of the season. The say, “Is not done in ‘Rugger.’ ” game was played in Shanghai on February 23, However, as the Marines gained more expe¬ 1930, before one of the largest crowds ever to rience, and received more thorough coaching in assemble for a sporting event in Shanghai. After the rules, their brand of “Rugger” improved, and a spirited battle of 80 minutes (40 minutes to received much more favorable comment from the each half), the Fourth Marines emerged victor¬ British spectators, and considerable less penaliz¬ ious by the score of 15 to 6. ing by the officials in charge of the games. When the 1930-1931 “Rugger” season rolled The Fourth Marines—from the Colonel down to the most humble private in the ranks—take their “Rugger” seri¬ ously. They support their teams loyally, and turn out in great numbers for every game.

FOURTH MARINES VS. GREEN HOWARDS (British) Formation hnoiun as a “scrum.” Game was played on a field churned into a sea of mud. Marines are in blue jerseys. Green Howards wearing what had been (before the game) white jerseys 132 The newspapers of Shanghai, and the specta¬ tors, have freely commented on the wonderful playing condition of the Marines, their sports¬ manship, and their rapid learning of a game for¬ eign to their native land. Comment has been heard that the Marines could hold their own with the first rate “Rugger” teams of England. “Rugger” in the United States For the past three years the game of Rugby football has been played in the East between teams from Yale, Harvard, New York University, New York Athletic Club, and the Philadelphia Marines Many of the Philadelphia Marines learned their “Rugger” in China. The Game It is a great game—“Rugger”—one that calls for speed and endurance, and condition. It calls for skill in kicking, running and passing the ball, and is replete with thrills-—and spills—through¬ out 80 minutes of play (40 minutes to each half). Photo from L. S. Armstrong No time is taken out, only when a score is made, FRANCIS L. ARMSTRONG (Age 7) and no substitutions are allowed. With 15 players Son of Consul Lawrence S. Armstrong, Lisbon, Portugal on each side it can be seen that there is plenty of action during the course of a game, and as but one official—the referee—handles the entire play, he, too, must be on the alert at all times. Even though the game of “Rugger” belongs to the other fellow, still, all in all, it is a game that Photographs are always welcome, either with could lie very well be included in the American sports calendar. Players and “fans” alike would or without a story; and the greater the variety, soon master it, and learn to appreciate its true possibly greater the interest will be. worth. It may be interesting to note that although the players wear a simple uniform consisting of a padless jersey and “shorts,” and are subjected to all the spills that attend a game where any kind of a tackle is allowed, there have been very few serious injuries to players. True, many bruises, kicked shins and black eyes sometimes result where the play becomes quite spirited, but generally speaking, a man in good physical condition need fear little in the way of in¬ jury, when playing the game of Rugby football.

The author was the Rugby Photo from Geo. Alien football and baseball coach of the NANKING Street in Nanking leading to the west gate of the city. These gates are closed Fourth Marines, 1929-1930-1931. at night and anyone outside has a difficult time getting them to open 133 BY THE WAY Contributions of material for publication in the JOURNAL are always welcome, and the kindness FOREIGN S JOURNAL of the senders is truly appreciated. It would, however, greatly assist the Editor if, instead of j Vol. IX APRIL. 1932 No. 4 | lengthy extracts from newspapers, a condensed statement or report was submitted for considera¬ PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY AMERICAN FOREIGN tion and publication. The work of condensing SERVICE ASSOCIATION, WASHINGTON, D. C. lengthy newspaper reports is often very difficult The American Foreign Service Journal is published monthly for anyone not well acquainted with the particu¬ by the American Foreign Service Association, and is distributed by the Association to its members gratis. The Journal is also lar subject. open to private subscription in the United States and abroad at the rate of ib.OO a year, or 85 cents a copy, payable to the It would also be interesting to know if con¬ American Foreign Service Journal, care Department of State, tributors of news items from the Field preferred Washington, D. C. not to have their names or initials appear at the Copyright, 1932. by the American Foreign Service Association. end of such items.

Association Dues. Members are reminded The American Foreign that the Association annual dues are payable at Service Association the commencement of the fiscal year. Please look Honorary President and see when your last payment was made. HF.NRY L. STIMSON Secretary of State

Honorary Vice-Presidents TEN YEARS AGO W. R. CASTLE, JR Undersecretary of State (From issue of April, 1922) WILBUR J. CARR Assistant Secretary of State The editors, Consul General Dewitt C. FRANCIS WHITE Assistant Secretary of State Poole and Consul Frederick Simpich, an¬ JAMES GRAFTON ROGERS Assistant Secretary of State HARVEY H. BUNDY Assistant Secretary of State nounced that the issue was “A Field Num¬ ber,” all the important contributions to it being from the “field,” which was what the ARTHUR BLISS LANE ...President GEORGE S. MESSERSMITH Vice-President editors had been working to bring about. So they said, “All honor and thanks to Consul EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE General Ravndal and Consuls Norton and HOMER M. BYINGTON, Chairman; HERSCHEL V. JOHN¬ Clark who have made the issue possible.” SON, Vice Chairman; PIERRE DE L. BOAL; ORME Consul General Ravndal in an article, “A WILSON; and WALTER A. FOOTE Consular Court at Work,” described the his¬ Alternates: tory and procedure of the Consular Court in HORACE LEE WASHINGTON GEORGE TAIT Turkey. Consul Reed Paige Clark told more of his

MAXWELL M. HAMILTON wonderful trip through Central Africa, ar¬ Secretary-Treasurer of the Association riving at Loanda after six months and nine¬ teen days of travel by steamer, hammock and Entertainment Committee: A. DANA HODGDON, Chairman; afoot. PETER H. A. FLOOD and H. FREEMAN MATTHEWS Consul Edward J. Norton (then at Sydney, Australia), in an article entitled “Helping Mr. Business Man,” gave much JOURNAL STAFF valuable advice in regard to answering trade AUGUSTUS E. INGRAM Editor inquiries. Instead of a mere “general - JAMES B. STEWART Consulting Editor WALTER A. FOOTE Associate Editor paragraph-and-list-of-dealers reply” he said MARSHALL M. VANCE Business Manager give the American exporter also enlighten¬ CLAYSON W. ALDRIDGE Treasurer of Journal ment on local conditions or influences, and so help him to understand the situation and if The American Foreign Service Association is an unofficial and necessary modify his selling system. “Get voluntary association embracing most of the members of The Foreign Service of the United States. It was formed for the out and see business men. . . . Desk work is purpose of fostering esprit de corps among the members of the Foreign Service, to strengthen service spirit and to establish a guess work.” center around which might be grouped the united efforts of its members for the improvement of the Service. 134 ITEMS

THE gradual easing of the situation at very strange one. I think many picture a typical Shanghai and the indications that some plan State Department official as finishing his tepid may possibly be evolved whereby further bath about 9.30, breakfasting in luxurious sur¬ loss of life and destruction of property may be roundings, being handed his silk hat and his walk¬ prevented is a bright spot in the affairs of the day. ing stick and grey spats about 11, and being trans¬ In this connection the JOURNAL is happy to observe ported to his panelled officed by a liveried chauf¬ that Secretary Stimson’s letter of February 23, feur. Thereafter he is supposed to spend his time 1932, to Senator Borah, wherein the policy of the in polite remarks about the weather to foreign United States Government is outlined in simple diplomats, in which conversation he always takes and effective terms, played no small part in caus¬ the foreigners point of view. Between calls he ing the subsequent forceful and almost immediate takes all the papers on his desk and winds them action of the Assembly of the League of Nations. up in red tape in such a way that it will take weeks Hundreds of editorials, voicing all phases of poli¬ to unwind. Every letter he writes starts with ‘1 tical opinion throughout the United States, have have the honor to refer,’ and ends with ‘I beg to referred to the letter as the “Stimson Doctrine” remain your humble servant.’ He takes a long and have praised the principles of Americanism lunch recess at which he gossips with beautiful embodied therein. The letter, which is contained ladies. After luncheon he spends his afternoon in a press release dated February 24, is recom¬ on that most intricate of all problems, how to seat mended to Foreign Service Officers as a document an official dinner which he is to give that evening. which will go down in the diplomatic history of I hope I need not assure you that this is not an this country as a truly great state document. accurate picture. The fact is that the Department resembles an overworked law office with which I am not unfamiliar and the officers of the Depart¬ On March 5 the White House correspondents ment are in 1932 working long days and many gave a dinner at the New Willard Hotel in honor times nights and Sundays.” of President Hoover. The banquet and the en¬ tertainment made one of the finest events of its kind ever given in Washington. In addition to The seventeenth annual dinner of the George the President, other prominent guests included Washington University Law School was held on many members of the diplomatic corps and Sen¬ Saturday, March 12, at the Willard Hotel, Wash¬ ators and Members of the Congress. The State ington, D. C. Mr. James Grafton Rogers, who is Department was represented by Assistant Secre¬ on leave from his post as dean of the University tary J. G. Rogers and Messrs. M. J. McDermott of Colorado Law School while serving as As¬ and Walter A. Foote of the Division of Current sistant Secretary of State, was the speaker of the Information. evening.

On March 16, Assistant Secretary Harvey H. On March 12, Mr. Wallace Murray, Chief of Bundy, delivered a speech before the Women’s the Division of Near Eastern Affairs, delivered a Republican Club of Massachusetts, Boston, on lecture before the Institute of Near Eastern “How the State Department Divides Its Work.” Affairs at Brown University, Providence, Rhode The following extract from the speech gives a pic¬ Island, entitled “Westernization in Turkey and ture of a State Department official as some people Persia.” Mr. Murray’s lecture is one of the most believe him to be: interesting and instructive efforts of its kind. No “The popular impression of the State Depart¬ attempt will be made to quote from the lecture, ment and its officers and employes is at times a as it has been made available as a press release. 135 Gen. Charles H. Sherrill, of New York; re¬ Lyman. Later it was acquired by Samuel Will¬ cently appointed as Ambassador to Turkey, was iams, a merchant. When he became insolvent his American Minister to Argentina in 1909 and creditors disposed of the Washington picture by served there with distinction until the summer of lottery, and it became the property of John Dela¬ 1911, when he retired on account of ill health, ware Lewis, M.P. Subsequently the portrait being succeeded at that post by John W. Garrett. passed into the possession of the late Earl of Rose¬ General Sherrill then returned to his law practice bery, and customarily hangs in his London resi¬ in New York. His interests and successes have dence in Berkeley Square. It was last previously been so varied as to gain him the distinction of exhibited in this country at the Centennial Ex¬ being noted as a diplomat, soldier, traveler, author, hibition in Philadelphia in 1876. educator, politician, business man, and athlete. Educated at Yale, where he received his A.B. Mr. Stuart J. Fuller, Assistant Chief of the in 1889, General Sherrill won seven inter-collegi¬ Division of Far Eastern Affairs, has been desig¬ ate championships on the track. He originated nated to attend the 15th session of the Opium the series of international inter-university track Advisory Committee as an expert in an advisory matches that began with Yale vs. Oxford in 1894, capacity. Mr. Fuller will be assisted by an officer and for many years he has been a member of the of the American Consulate at Geneva. The com¬ International Olympic Committee. During the mittee will meet on April 15 at Geneva. The war he was the head of the New York State Na¬ United States has been represented at the annual tional Guard, holding the rank of brigadier gen¬ meetings of the Opium Advisory Committee for eral, and was highly praised by Governor Whit¬ a good many years. man for his excellent work while in charge of the Federal draft. Mr. Joseph R. Baker, Assistant Legal Advisor, General Sherrill founded the College of Fine Department of State, has been designated by the Arts of New York University, directed it for many Government of the United States as the Ameri¬ years and is now a trustee of the university. can Commissioner on the General Claims Com¬ As an author he has published several books, mission, United States and Panama. among them being a number in regard to his The Commission, which is to meet in Wash¬ studies of stained glass in the different countries ington on April 1, 1932, for purposes of organi¬ of Europe that he has visited. zation and adoption of rules of procedure, has jurisdiction over the unsettled claims of citizens Ambassador and Mrs. Robert Woods Bliss were of each country against the other arising since the in Washington last month while on leave from independence of Panama was declared on Novem¬ the Argentina, and were guests at the White ber 3, 1903. The so-called Colon Fire Claims of House. 1885 and claims falling under Article VI of the Panama Canal Treaty are not to be passed upon The special bicentennial exhibition assembled by this Commission. in the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington opened on March 5 with a private view and re¬ Lieut. Col. Walter S. Drysdale, now on duty ception, at which a large number of distinguished with the Fifteenth Infantry in Tientsin, China, guests were present. The exhibition will con¬ has been appointed Military Attache at the tinue until next November. Among the many American Legation at Peiping, succeeding Lieut. works by the foremost of American portrait Col. Nelson E. Margetts. The latter was recently painters of the time of Washington is the cele¬ relieved from duty at Peiping on account of ill¬ brated Lansdowne portrait of Washington, owned ness, and is now en route to the United States by the Earl of Rosebery and specially loaned for where he will be on duty at the Presidio of San this occasion. It has a special interest for the Francisco. Col. Drysdale was on duty in Wash¬ Service in that it once belonged to General William ington from 1926 to 1930, in charge of the Far Lyman, of Virginia, American Consul at London Eastern section of the military intelligence division from December, 1804, until his death in England of the War Department General Staff. Lie has on September 22, 1811. This portrait was one of been in China with the Fifteenth Infantry for the three painted from life by Gilbert Stuart, It was past two years. ordered by William Bingham and presented by his wife to the Marquis of Lansdowne. After the An Institute of Far Eastern Affairs under the death of the Marquis his collection of paintings auspices of the American University was held in were sold and this picture purchased by General Washington on March 21-22, with an evening 136 meeting on the first day at the Brookings Institu Herbert Plummer, in his daily article entitled tion, at which the guests of honor were his ex¬ “A Washington Daybook” in the Washington cellency Mr. Katsuji Debuchi, the Ambassador of Evening Star, recently had the following interest¬ Japan, and Dr. Hawkling Yen, the charge ing historical item: d’affaires of China. Dr. Harold G. Moulton, presi¬ America’s open door policy toward China, first enun¬ dent of the Brookings Institution, gave an address ciated by John Hay and restated the other day by Sec¬ on the subject, “Economic Relations in the Pa¬ retary Stimson in a letter to Senator Borah, can be traced back to a little known American diplomat o£ cific.” Mr. Chester D. Pugsley, who has estab¬ another day. lished a number of institutes in the field of regional William Woodville Rockhill, now dead, was the real international affairs, presided. inspiration for this policy. Old timers around the State Department still remem¬ ber Rockhill. Mr. and Mrs. Carlton Bailey Hurst have during Early in his life he had gone to China as a student interpreter. His travels throughout the remote parts the past few weeks been making an extended au¬ of the empire, his studies of conditions, gave him per¬ tomobile tour in the South. After spending some haps as complete an understanding of China’s problems time in New Orleans, they visited their son, Con¬ as that of any American. sul Carlton Hurst, who is now stationed at He was secretary of the American legation in Peking for a while and later was appointed Minister to China. Nogales, Sonora, Mexico, and then went on to During the Boxer rebellion in 1900 he served as California. They expect to be back in Washing¬ America’s special commissioner, and the next year ton early in April. represented the United States at the Peking congress called to settle foreign claims growing out of the rebellion. Dr. Frederic W. Goding, formerly Consul Gen¬ Rockhill’s experiences was available to Hay, Secre¬ eral at Guayaquil, Ecuador, who in our last issue tary of State, when the future of the Far East and its importance to the United States as a market, was at was reported as being ill at his home in Livermore stake. Falls, Me., is, according to a pencil note from Secretary Hay felt as Rockhill did. Both were im¬ him, slowly recovering after a very painful illness. pressed that the Pacific was the ocean of the future All good wishes are extended for his complete for Americans and vigorously opposed plans to parti¬ tion China among the foreign powers after the Boxer recovery. rebellion. Secretary Hay refused to accept any Chinese terri¬ James J. Murphy, Jr., chief of the Commercial tory for the United States in settlement of claims for damages in the Boxer rebellion and was instrumental Office, Department of State, delivered an address in having China’s indemnities to this country repaid on March 22, at the luncheon given in New York to China for the use of schools. by the Textile Export Association of the United With Rockhill’s assistance and inspiration, Hay States, given in connection with the export man stated what is now known as the open door policy. Charles Evan Hughes restated it when he was Secre- agers convention. f arv of State. Secretary Stimson’s letter to Senator Borah carries on the tradition. Mrs. Paul Ailing left Washington hurriedly February 29 to be with her mother, Mrs. J. L. Loar, who had been taken seriously ill in Los FROM THE VISITORS’ REGISTER Angeles. Since then Mrs. Loar, accompanied by Mrs. Ailing, has been able to leave Los Angeles Room 115, Department of State for Evanston, 111. 1932 ■{■Andrew G. Lynch, Mukden Feb. 16 tMaxwell Blake, Tangier Feb. 16 Vice Consul George C. Cobb, on leave from St. {"Sheridan Talbott, Bluefields, Nicara¬ gua Feb. 19 Johns, Newfoundland, passed through Washing¬ fOrlando H. Massie, Halifax, N. S.... Feb. 24 ton on March 19 en route to Americus, Ga., where ♦Mrs. Olga N. Quevedo, Shanghai.... Feb. 29 Mrs. Nathaniel B. Stewart and Mr. and Mrs. *Bernard Ramirez, Santo Domingo.... March 3 Howard Bucknell are now visiting. {George Orr, Stavanger March 5 ♦William P. Cochran, Mexico City.... March 7 {Winifred A. Hunter, Buenos Aires... March 8 A writer to the Washington Star suggests that {Perry N. Jester, Hong Kong March 14 {John Shillock, Buenos Aires March 15 the Treasury Department is working in reverse {John W. Bailey, Jr., Rosario March 16 order. Usually in business after a period of pros¬ {E. A. Wakefield, Nuevitas, Cuba March 16

perity they divide the profits, but recently the *Leaving for Treasury “cut a Mellon” and then put the “Mills tArriving from to work.” 137 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington, D. C. March 21, 1932. My dear Mr. Shand : On this fiftieth anniversary of your entry into the Department of State, I regard it both a pleasure and a privilege to offer you in my own behalf and that of the officials of the Department, sincere congratulations on your long service of usefulness, and to express my and their appreciation of the loyalty and efficiency with which that service has been rendered. To your instruction and guidance in the preliminary stages of their career, is due, in so small part, I learn, the success of many of the young men who have entered the Foreign Service. By your intelligence, fidelity and diligence, the interests of the Department have been sub¬ served in a manner worthy of commendation; while the high ideals so well exemplified in your life cannot have failed to impress those associated with you. We trust that many years of health and happiness may yet remain to you. Sincerely, HENRY L. STIMSON.

STATE DEPARTMENT CLUB The Department of State Club held a Leap Year dance on February 29 in the ballroom of the United States Chamber of Commerce. The feature of the evening was a minuet dance by 12 young ladies from the Dramatic Club of Areme Harris & Ewing Chapter No. 10, Order of the Eastern Star, under MILES M. SHAND the direction of Mrs. Selma Klein. The beauti¬ ful colonial costumes of the dancers and the skill Miles M. Shand, of the Personnel Division of in executing the intricate steps of the minuet was the Department of State, completed on March 20, roundly applauded. 1932, 50 years of service in the Department of Later a grand march was held, led by Assistant State. There are few men who have been more Secretary Bundy and Mrs. Herbert Feis, wife of active in promoting efficiency and good will not the Economic Adviser, during which appropriate only in the Department but also in the Foreign favors were distributed. As usual, Happy Service. His many friends, near and far, desire Walker’s orchestra rendered excellent music. Re¬ to congratulate him on his long service and his freshments were served during the evening. splendid achievements. Mr. Shand entered the The club hopes to have another recital by an Department as a clerk in 1882, in the then Con¬ international artist within the next month. After sular Bureau, where he served for many years. that will come the annual play. Already Mr. In April and May, 1898, he was detailed on a Edward C. Wynne, our genial Assistant His¬ special mission to the American Consulates in the torical Adviser, is working on the plans, and re¬ West Indies. On November 2, 1908, he was ap¬ hearsals are scheduled to start shortly. pointed chief of the Bureau of Appointments, and JAMES E. MCKENNA. from 1909 to 1924 he served as a member of the Board of Examiners for the Diplomatic Service, and many officers today express their gratitude The American Bar Association Journal for for the helpful assistance rendered them by Mr. March, 1932, in a review of “A Collection of Nationality Laws of Various Countries,” edited Shand in the early stages of their career. by Richard W. Flournoy, Jr., and Manley O. On March 21 Mr. Shand was busy receiving Fludson, said : “The value of this scholarly and congratulations and good wishes from his friends, comprehensive work to practitioners, jurists, legis¬ and the Secretary of State also sent him the fol¬ lators and administrative officers throughout the lowing letter: world can not be overestimated.” 138 lated to the Department of Justice. The office of Examiner of Claims in the Department of State was established in 1848, 22 years prior to the creation of the Department of Justice. Concurrently with the coming into force on July 1, 1931, of the above-mentioned Act creating the office of Legal Adviser, an Executive Order of June 24, 1931, amended Schedule A, Sub¬ division II, of the Civil Service Rules by replac¬ ing the words “Assistant solicitors” with “As¬ sistant to the Legal Adviser.” The Assistant Solicitors, however, unlike the Solicitor, were never officers of the Department of Justice. Scope of the Legal Problems Presented This office, with its staff of 23 Assistant Legal Advisors, handles a class of cases exceeding in volume and variety those dealt with in any large law office in the country. In making decisions account must frequently be taken of the various branches of law—state, federal, common, civil, admiralty or international; a given incident may involve the consideration of the laws of a foreign State, the laws of the United States, the pro¬ visions of a treaty or treaties and various phases Harris & Ewing of the general law of nations. Since practically GREEN H. HACKWORTH every case presented has as a primary considera¬ Leyal Adviser tion the relation of the United States with some foreign government, it is usually necessary to de¬ OFFICE OF THE LEGAL ADVISER vote to the particular question at hand a study and consideration that might appear at first glance, to DEPARTMENT OF STATE those unfamiliar with the possible ramifications History of the Office of the legal points involved, disproportionate to An Act of Congress, approved February 23, the seeming importance of the question or inci¬ 1931, provides in Section 30 thereof: dent. “that there is hereby established in the Depart¬ Among the more important classes of cases con¬ ment of State the office of legal adviser (in lieu stantly recurring in the office of the Legal Adviser of Solicitor of the Department of State, which office is hereby abolished”). (45 Stat. at L. Pt. 1, are those involving questions pertaining to the p. 1214.) boundaries of the United States and boundary Thus, the position of Solicitor for the Depart¬ waters; the personal and private rights of aliens ment of State, formerly nominally under the De¬ in the United States and of American citizens in partment of Justice, was abolished after an foreign countries, including questions of acquisi¬ existence of 40 years, and the position of Legal tion, inheritance and the transfer of property; Adviser, with practically identical jurisdiction, was questions relating to citzenship, naturalization, ex¬ established within the Department of State. Al¬ patriation, immigration, extradiction and extra¬ though from the time of the creation of the office territoriality ; cases of arrest, detention, fines, im¬ the Solicitor held an anomalous position in that he prisonment, and personal injury; acts of insur¬ was an officer of both the Department of State gents; unjust taxation; the breach or annulment and the Department of Justice, and despite the of concessions and other contracts; the seques¬ fact that the forerunner of that office, the office tration or confiscation of property; complaints of of the Examiner of Claims in the Department of foreign countries regarding the action of the ex¬ State, likewise had held a similar relationship to ecutive, legislative or judicial authorities of the the Department of Justice from the date of the United States; questions concerning the rights establishment of the latter Department. June 22, and privileges of American diplomatic and con¬ 1870, it is a mistake to assume that the legal officer sular officers in the United States; the jurisdic¬ of the Department of State has always been so re¬ tion and control of foreign public and private ves- 139 sels in American ports and of American public citizenship and naturalization, boundary waters and private vessels in foreign waters or on the (particularly those questions arising on the high seas; questions relating to the rights and United States-Canadian boundary under the Con¬ duties of belligerents and neutrals on land or sea; vention concerning Boundary Waters, concluded questions involving the protection of American between the United States and Great Britain on patents, trademarks and copyrights in foreign January 11, 1909), extraterritoriality, the protec¬ countries, and the protection of similar rights of tion of industrial property, and the subject of the aliens in this country; questions relating to legis¬ control of narcotic drugs, to mention but a few, lation or proposed legislation by Congress bear¬ assigned to men who have become experts in those ing on our foreign relations; the powers of the particular fields. President under the Constitution in matters per¬ The disposition of a particular question may taining to foreign relations; questions involved in take the form of a memorandum for the use of the formulation and interpretation of treaties; the Secretary, an Assistant Secretary, a Division assistance in the formulation and interpretation of of the Department, or of some other Department foreign building contracts; questions of codifying of the Government. Again, the action may take international law; besides numerous other im¬ the form of a note addressed to a foreign diplo¬ portant matters. matic mission in the United States, an instruction to one of our missions abroad, a letter to another Division and Disposition of the Work Department, a member of Congress, the Governor In the main the work within the office is divided of a State, an attorney, or a private citizen, or a among the senior men according to geographical message from the President to the Congre s. areas, corresponding to the areas assigned to the In the past, as a rule, the legal phase of nego¬ respective Divisions of the Department. There tiations leading up to the signature of agreements are certain subjects as, for example, extradition for the submission of claims to arbitration has

AMERICAN CONSULATE GENERAL No. 2 Plaza de la 'Reforma, Mexico City, January, 1932 140 been handled in the Solicitor’s office, the prepara¬ chaga Tocornal, Ambassador of Chile to the tion and presentation of the cases being placed in United States, will be the presiding member. the hands of a special agency constituted for that Claims disposed of by the office, principally by purpose. More recently the work of preparing negotiation and correspondence, aggregate mil¬ cases for submission to arbitration has been car¬ lions of dollars each year. Relatively few of the ried on in this office. Thus, in the recently arbi cases presented to the Department by the claim¬ trated claims of Charles J. Harrah against Cuba ants have been given that care and thought in that of Percy W. Shufeldt against Guatemala, and preparation so essential to a proper appraisal of that of George J. Salem against Egypt, the work their merits. The result is that much of the work of preparation and presentation was conducted e of developing a claim to the point where it can clusively by members of the Department’s lega" be determined that a valid claim does or does not staff. Preparation is now under way in the office exist devolves upon this office. Such determina¬ for the arbitration of the case of the Kingdom of tion of the legality and value of a claim frequently Sweden against the United States, a case involv¬ involves extensive investigation, in connection ing claims for damages for the alleged detention with which Foreign Service officers often are in by the United States during the war of two Swed¬ a position to perform and do perform most useful ish ships, the Kronprins Gustaf Adolf and the service. Relatively few of the numerous cases Pacific, before Prof. Eugene Borel, of Switzer¬ presented to the Department by American citi¬ land as sole arbitrator, and for the arbitration of zens for presentation to foreign governments are the claims of the United States against Panama found to be meritorious and hence entitled to the and those of Panama against the United States diplomatic support of the United States when before a commission consisting of three members tested by international law. When claims are pre¬ of which his excellency Seiior Don Miguel Cru- sented by foreign governments against the United

MEXICO CITY View from Consul General’s office zvindozv looking northward on the Paseo de la Reforma, at the far end of zvhich is seen Chapultepcc Castle, the official residence of the President of Mexico 141 States they are subjected to the same careful in¬ promptitude while evidence is easily obtainable. vestigation as are American claims against for¬ The crowning feature of this method lies in the eign states, and when they are considered valid fact that it will dispense with the necessity of the recommendations are made for appropriations by establishment of general claims commissions, a Congress. procedure that is both expensive and in many re¬ The work of adjusting claims has become so spects unsatisfactory. important that at the present time a portion of the In the discharge of its duties the office is un¬ staff devotes its entire attention to that work. moved by considerations of the mere exigencies While the attorneys assigned to this work are oc¬ of the situation, the purpose being rather to ob¬ cupied in the main with the settlement of claims serve a judicial attitude and to arrive at sound as they arise, they have also found time to make conclusions of law, at the same time seeking a study of certain claims that have lain dormant wherever possible solutions and adjustments of for many years for various reasons, in some cases a lasting character. because of inability to arrive at a settlement with The work is motivated by ideals and purposes the foreign governments concerned, and in other aptly described by the words of the late Chief cases because of the pressure of other work which Justice Taft who, while still President of the made it impossible to give them more than pass¬ United States, in speaking of a department of for¬ ing consideration. This corps of attorneys has eign affairs, said "its triumphs are peaceful nego¬ also found time to compile a complete register of tiations leading to agreements; recorded, often not all pending international claims as a preliminary in the ratification of treaties, but in the acquies¬ step to a systematic consideration and disposition cence of correspondence and not heralded to the of the mass of accumulated claims. This register world as what they often really are—important now enables the Department to view at a glance steps towards the universal peace of nations.” the status of international claims in the light of an intelligent policy with regard to the whole body Give thy thoughts no tongue, of claims of and against a particular foreign state. Nor any unproportioned thought his act. Claims of long standing between the United States Be thou familiar, but by no means vulgar. The friends thou hast, and their adoption tried, and foreign countries are being drawn from the Grapple them to thy soul with hoops of steel; files and disposed of as rapidly as is consistent But do not dull thy palm with entertainment with the handling of current claims. It is hoped Of each new-hatched, unfledged comrade. Beware that in the near future all the old claims will have Of entrance to a quarrel; but being in Bear’t that the opposed may beware of thee. been definitely disposed of and that the settlement Give every man thine ear, but few thy voice; of claims may thereafter be made with greater Take each man’s censure, but reserve thy judgment. Costly thy habit as thy purse can buy, But not expressed in fancy; rich, not gaudy; For the apparel oft proclaims the man. Neither a borrower nor a lender be, For loan oft loses both itself and friend, And borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry. This above all; to thine own self be true, And it must follow, as the night the day, Thou canst not then be false to any man.

—Shakespeare.

AMERICAN CONSULATE GENERAL, MEXICO CITY Consul General Robert Fraser in his office 142 The Spragues of Gibraltar

A unique celebration will occur on April 30, opened his office there and in a few years was re¬ 1932, when a century of official service to the garded as one of the leaders of the influential United States will have been rendered by the merchants whose far-reaching business interests Sprague family in the American Consulate at were making the port of Gibraltar a very busy Gibraltar. It is not believed that another such place. instance has ever occurred in the American For¬ eign Service of three generations—grandfather, father and son, in succession—filling the same post without interruption, and moreover the three generations not only discharged their duties acceptably to the Government but also with such uniform kindness and unfailing courtesy as to make for themselves a permanent place in the regard of their friends and acquaintances. Indeed it is quite remarkable how many friends the pres¬ ent incumbent, “Dick” Sprague, has in the Service, as was evidenced recently when a movement sprang up to give him on this memorable anni¬ versary some permanent token of their regard and appreciation of the manner in which he has represented the American interests at Gibraltar in accordance with the true Sprague tradition. But of this we shall have more to say next month. On behalf of Dick Sprague’s many friends who may not know of the celebration in time to ex¬ press personally their congratulations, the JOURNAL extends to him very hearty congratula¬ tions and all good wishes for the future.

(The following extracts are taken from an article bearing the above title in the JOURNAL of October, 1924. Unfortunately the article was not signed, but it is be¬ lieved that Edward J. Norton was the author because of his intimate knowledge of the subject and acquaintance with Richard L. Sprague.) HORATIO SPRAGUE, of Boston, a mem¬ ber of a merchant firm whose vessels sailed to Cadiz, Malaga, Malta and Genoa, RICHARD L. SPRAGUE was the first of the family to establish a residence American Consul, Gibraltar abroad—about the year 1800. The shipping trade was then growing; a foreign branch was needed During the War of 1812, the authorities of for the direction of the movements of vessels and Gibraltar were obliged to order Mr. Sprague to to obtain cargo for homeward voyages. Young leave the fortress. He took up a residence at Sprague, as a junior clerk, embarked on one of Algeciras, in Spain, but being held in high regard the firm’s ships with instructions to inspect Medi¬ by the Governor of Gibraltar, was granted the terranean ports and to open an office wherever unusual privilege of entering Gibraltar Bay daily trade was most active and shipping centralized. At that time Gibraltar was an important harbor with special permission to lay his boat along side for Mediterranean shipping; it was a place of the quay and to consult with his factors and transshipment for Spanish and Moroccan produce representatives for the protection and develop¬ and the best place at which to obtain sea stores ment of his business. After restoration of and to refit or repair vessels. So Mr. Sprague peace between the United States and Great 143 Britain, Mr. Sprague resumed his residence at ships remained longer in port and passengers Gibraltar and in 1832 he was appointed Ameri¬ spent more time ashore at intermediate ports can Consul by President Jackson, the consular than nowadays. Mr. and Mrs. Sprague welcomed offices being established in City Mill Lane in the company; they liked young people about; they business section of the town, under the gunports gave many dinners and dances, and the large of the old galleries cut high in the Rock. rooms in the old house echoed to the music of Horatio Sprague served as Consul for 16 violins and guitars and were made gay by the years, and when he died, March 20, 1848, he was presence of young debutantes living on “The succeeded by his son, Horatio Jones Sprague, Rock” and dark-eyed senoritas from Algeciras the father of the present Consul. and San Roque. The waltz was popular in those Horatio Jones Sprague, appointed by Presi¬ days; square dances were also in favor too. The dent Polk, was a man of parts who held a girls wore flowers in their hair and high combs prominent place in the social and business life and lace mantillas; hats were not in fashion in of Gibraltar, the South of Spain, and Tangier. the South of Spain, and the most graceful and He held the position of American Consul for 53 bewitching headdress of femininity—the man¬ years, from 1848 to 1901, and the records of his tilla—framed many a lovely face. And they correspondence in that time contain dispatches danced with and were waited on by dashing and reports on many matters of great historical officers of the Royal Garrison Artillery and the interest. He saw the movement of warships regiments of the line stationed at Gibraltar and through the Straits in the Crimean War, the by the gold-braided, good looking visiting American Civil War, the Egyptian and South American officers whose vessels were anchored African campaigns, and the war with Spain. in the bay. And when Admiral Dewey returned from the Mr. Horatio J. Sprague, while Consul at Philippines he called on Mr. Sprague to say that Gibraltar, had the honor of entertaining three the most reliable information received regard¬ ex-Presidents of the United States (Fillmore, ing the movements of Cervera’s fleet was that Pierce and Grant) ; and the present Consul had sent by the Consulate at Gibraltar. as his guest ex-President Roosevelt who stopped Horatio J. Sprague, while American Consul at at Gibraltar en route to Africa on his shooting Gibraltar, had the unique distinction of being at expedition. the same time and for a period of 16 years When Mr. Sprague died July 18, 1901, after American Consular Agent at Algeciras, Spain. 53 years of service, he was succeeded by his son. He thus represented the United States before Richard L. Sprague, the present Consul (who two Governments, the British and the Spanish. had been acting as Vice and Deputy Consul After the Civil War, and with the resumption since June 20, 1893). Dick Sprague is probably of travel from the United States, the hospitality better known to American naval officers and an of the Sprague homestead was again enjoyed by honorary member of more Navy messes than any many Americans who disembarked at Gibraltar. Consul in the Service, and on his last visit to Travel was a leisurely movement in those days; the United States he enjoyed the unusual privi¬ lege of making the voyage on the battleship Nezv York as the guest of her commander. Gibraltar is undoubtedly the smallest Consular district in the Service, being about three miles long and half a mile wide. But Dick Sprague’s work is not con¬ fined to his tiny district; he still acts as his father did, but unoffi¬ cially, as a Consular representa¬ tive of the United States in Spain when Americans at Algeciras be¬ come involved in difficulties with the authorities of the Spanish city. From the balconies of the Con¬ AMERICAN CONSULATE, GIBRALTAR sulate at Gibraltar one may look 144 down upon the flat roofs of half the old town; DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE on the long high walls of masonry with the covered ways, and curtains, and bastions—all The following personal notes as to the foreign named—that once made “The Rock’’ notable representatives of the Department of Commerce for its land defences; on the bay with its move¬ have been received in a communication dated ment of shipping; across the water to the March 16, 1932, from the Foreign Service Divi¬ brown and green hills of Spain; over to the left sion, Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, where the mountains of Africa stand clear-cut Department of Commerce: against the sky, and ahead where through the haz Commercial Attache Frederick B. Lyon, of Athens, the towers of Tangier shine white above the blue is being transferred to Budapest to succeed Mr. Will¬ of the Atlantic. iam A. Hodgman, who was recently transferred as Commercial Attache to Montevideo. Mr. Lyon will reach Budapest about May 1. Acting Commercial Attache George Wythe, who has been in charge at THE RULE OF THE ROAD AT SEA Budapest since Mr. Hodgman’s departure, is being assigned to Berlin temporarily. 1. Two steamships meeting. Commercial Attache Karl L. Rankin, who has been When both sidelights you see ahead, in Prague for four years has been transferred to Athens Port your helm, and show your RED. to succeed Commercial Attache Lyon. Mr. Rankin will 2. Two steamships passing. leave Prague about April 10 and is scheduled to ar¬ GREEN to GREEN, or RED TO RED, rive in Athens on April 22. Mr. Don C. Bliss, formerly in charge of the Singa¬ Perfect safety—Go ahead! pore office has been assigned Commercial Attache to 3. Two steamships crossing. the American Legation in Prague. Mr. Bliss will sail If to your starboard RED appear, March 30 on the S. S. President Roosevelt and expects It is your duty to keep clear; to reach Prague on April 28. To act as judgment says is proper— Commercial Attache Walter J. Donnelly, from Bogota, To Port-or Starboard-Back, or Stop her. Trade Commissioner Sherman R. Peabody from Mel¬ bourne and Assistant Trade Commissioner Gilbert Red- But when upon your port is seen fern from Warsaw are among Foreign Service officers A steamer’s starboard light is GREEN, who have recently returned to the States for leave and There’s not so much for you to do, itinerary. For GREEN to PORT keeps clear of you. Trade Commissioner Walter B. Hertz has concluded his investigation of the leather market in Denmark and Both in safety and in doubt, has gone to London where he will make a similar survey Always keep a good look-out; in that country. In danger, with no room to turn, Trade Commissioner Harvey V. Rohrer, who has been Ease her—stop her—go astern. in the States for several months, has recently returned (From Whitaker's Almanack for 1932) to Manila.

STAFF OF THE CONSULATE GENERAL, PANAMA, PANAMA Seated, reading left to right—Vice Consul Robert Mills McClintock, Consul Arthur F. Tower. Consul (in charge) Herbert O. Williams, Vice Consul C. Burke Elbrick. Standing—Marian Whaley, Gre¬ gorio Sanches, Marion Daniels (American Clerks), Leslie Richards, Messenger. (NOTE: This is a 100 percent office, all four officers being members of the Association. It is hoped that this may soon be said for all offi¬ cers in the Service.) News Items From The Field

DUBLIN out of date, as Mr. Denby’s youngset son, born in December, brings the number up to eighteen. MARCH 1, 1932. CONSUL B. M. HULLEY. Washington’s Birthday was celebrated in Dublin at a stag dinner given in the American Legation by the Minister, Mr. Sterling. The guests included MANCHESTER, ENGLAND the Governor General of the Irish Free State, FEBRUARY 23, 1932. President Cosgrave, representatives of the Church, The American Consul and Mrs. A. Ray Thom¬ State, and Army of the Irish Free State, the son held a reception on February 22 at the Mid¬ French and German Ministers, and several Ameri¬ land Hotel, in the ballroom suite, to commemorate cans, including Consular officers stationed in the 200th anniversary of the birth of George Dublin, Belfast, and Cobh. The floral decora¬ Washington. The attendance numbered over 150 tions were in red, white, and blue. The dinner persons, among them being the Lord Mayor and which was pronounced excellent by all, contained Lady Mayoress of Manchester, the Bishop of such interesting items as roast turkey, Virginia Manchester (Dr. Guy Warman) and Mrs. War- ham, and ice cream a la Valley Forge. It was fol¬ man, the local Consular Corps, and most of the lowed by four ideal after dinner speeches of about American citizens residing in the Manchester one minute each, given by Mr. Sterling, the Gov¬ consular district. An interesting fact in connec¬ ernor General, President Cosgrave, and W. B. tion with this celebration is that the first Presi¬ Yeates, the dramatist. dent of the United States was a direct descendant On the same evening Mrs. H. H. Balch, wife of an ancient Lancashire family who lived in the of the American Consul General, entertained the parish of Warton-in-Lonsdale, Lancashire, Eng¬ American ladies in Dublin at bridge. land, from about 1300 to 1823. This reception Consul General and Mrs. Memminger from was the first of a series of celebrations planned to Belfast, spent the week-end with Consul General take place in Manchester during the ensuing period and Mrs. Balch; Consul L. E. Woods, of Cobh, ending on Thanksgiving Day. stayed with Secretary and Mrs. James Orr Denby. Advantage was taken of this gathering of consular officers to hold an informal discussion LEIPZIG on immigration and other consular matters after Washington Bicentennial Celebration lunch on the 22nd, which became so spirited that About 100 Americans and 600 Germans at¬ there was barely time to dress for dinner in the tended in Leipzig the celebration of the two hun¬ evening. It was felt that everyone benefited by dredth anniversary of the birth of George Wash¬ this free interchange of views. ington, which was held in the City Hall at 11 On Saturday evening, February 27, a Leap a. m., February 22. The main features of the Year Dance was given at the Consulate General program were a concert piece from Joseph Haydn at the commencement and an overture from Franz by the staff, each having invited a friend. The Schubert at the conclusion of the program, which American staff, including two members of the was rendered by the Collegium Musicum, an in¬ Legation, were present with their wives. Most strumental orchestra of 32 students of the Uni¬ people spent the evening dancing, and two zealous versity of Leipzig; the singing of the national officers spent a profitable hour or so in the back¬ anthem by Mrs. Valeska Wagner, an American ground discussing some obscure point of consular citizen; an address of welcome by the American procedure. Mrs. Balch very kindly offered her Consul Ralph C. Busser; a speech in response dining room for the delicious supper which had by the Mayor of Leipzig; and a prepared oration been prepared by members of the staff. The eve¬ on “George Washington” by Dr. Brandenburg, ning ended with a Virginia Reel. professor of history at the University of Leipzig and one of the most distinguished authorities on The report sent last October claiming seventeen modern European history. children of American officials in Dublin is now The celebration was organized by the local 146 American committee consisting of Consul Busser, STUTTGART Dr. H. Earle Blunt, Mr. Theodore W. Knauth, The two hundredth anniversary of George Dr. Samuel A. Nock and Mr. Sidney Rosenthal. Washington’s birth was fittingly and uniquely Associated with them was an honorary committee commemorated at Stuttgart on February 22, 1932, consisting of 21 distinguished citizens of Leipzig, by the dedication of what is believed to be the mostly government authorities or heads of the first American Library in Germany. The germ leading educational institutions in the city. of this endeavor to provide source books of American life and culture in Germany was con¬ HAMBURG ceived by Consul General Leon Dominian, fos¬ tered by public spirited American and German FEBRUARY 26, 1932. citizens who reside in this community, and The George Washington bicentenary was cele¬ brought into being by the gracious cooperation of brated in Hamburg in a most appropriate manner, the Technische Hochschule of Stuttgart to which the plans having been made by an executive com¬ institution the custody of the new “George Wash¬ mittee under the chairmanship of Consul General ington Memorial Library” has been given. John E. Kehl, in cooperation with the state and The presentation ceremony took place at 11 civil authorities. a. m. in the “Aula” or auditorium of the Tech¬ At noon, February 22, the Senate of the Free nische Hochschule in an open session of the and Hanseatic City of Hamburg, headed by Dr. “grosser Senat” of the University. In this “Com¬ Carl Petersen, chief burgomaster, received 400 mittee of the Whole House” were the Faculty, invited guests at the City Hall. Dr. Petersen in trustees, and representatives of the various fra¬ his introductory address announced that one of ternities each distinguishable by abbreviated regi¬ the principal streets of Hamburg was being re¬ mental caps of blue, scarlet and black. As guests named in honor of Washington, and also alluded were the George Washington Bicentennial Com¬ to the opening of the first American Consular es¬ mittee comprised of Consul General Leon tablishment in Hamburg during Washington’s Dominian, Dr. Erich Rassbach and Mr. Conrad term of office as President. This was followed by Bareiss, their wives, high officials of the Ministry the oration of the day, delivered by Prof. Dr. of Education, donors to the library, and the Vice Adolf Rein, of Hamburg University, on George Consuls on duty at Stuttgart. Washington and his accomplishments for his After an opening address by the Rector of the ■country. The address was broadcast. University, Professor Paul Rothmund, and a At 8 o’clock in the evening, the executive com¬ speecli by Professor Paul Sakmann of the Uni¬ mittee gave a dinner-dance at the Hotel Atlantic, versity, Consul General Dominian was called to with an address on the life of George Washing¬ the rostrum where in a few well chosen words ton, by Consul General John E. Kehl. This was he recalled phases of Washington’s life as an en¬ attended by over 200 guests including the chief gineer and patron of education to which the and second burgomasters of Hamburg, president library stands as a fitting memorial. He then of the House of Burghers, dean of the university, read a resolution of the Stuttgart Committee of president of the Chamber of Commerce, and lead¬ the George Washington Bicentennial Commission ing representatives of law, shipping and business transferring the library to the custody of the circles. The very large Consular Corps was also Technische Hochschule. well represented. Whereupon a fund of $5,000 was handed over Many ships in the harbor were dressed on Feb¬ to the Rector Rothmund for the use of the ruary 22. The Hamburg press also published a library. Books purchased already number 340. number of articles on George Washington, one The books presented had been placed in book of the largest devoting an entire pictorial page to cases facing the audience, and between them had this subject as well as a page of text including ar¬ been hung a large reproduction of the Stuart por¬ trait of Washington, the gift of the Bicentennial ticles by the German Ambassador to the United Commission. The book cases and portrait were States von Prittwitz and Gaffron, Senators Wag¬ garlanded with wreaths of linden and the rostrum ner and Fess, and Consul General John E. Kehl. flanked with rows of evergreen The celebration was generally acclaimed to have In the afternoon Consul General Dominian and been the most successful ever carried out by a Mrs. Dominian gave a reception at their home in foreign colony in Hamburg. honor of the occasion. CONSUL JOHN H. BRUINS. VICE CONSUL PAUL J. GRAY. 147 ITEMS FROM ITALY inspection duty in Northern Italy during the last Mr. Cloyce K. Huston, Vice Consul at Genoa, week in January and in his absence Consul Hos- was married December 18, 1931, to Miss Elene mer was in charge of the Consulate General. Weeks, of Fargo, N. Dak. Vice Consul Haden, of the staff in Genoa, acted as best man, and the On board the S. S. Excambion which reached bride was given away by her uncle, Mr. Robert Naples February 8 were Consul Joseph G. Schnabel. Groeninger on his way to his new post at Karachi, India; Consul Christian T. Steger, en route for Consul and Mrs. Alfred T. Nester spent a few Beirut, which was likewise a new assignment; and days in Naples while en route to their new post Secretary of Legation and Mrs. J. Loder Park, at Tunis. It was possible for the members of the who were on their way to Addis Ababa. Mr. staff who had been here with Consul Nester to Park had been stationed in Addis Ababa previ¬ renew old times, and for the more recently ously. assigned officers to make his acquaintance. As was to be expected, there were several gatherings Among recent American visitors to Naples were given in honor of Consul and Mrs. Nester and one lady dipsomaniac and one pickpocket of in¬ the officers of the Consulate General and their ternational repute. Each was given appropriate wives were at the boat when Consul and Mrs. attention. Of quite a different character was the Nester left for Tunis. charming American Maharanee of Indore.

Miss Rebekah L. de Lashmutt and Miss Mar¬ AN EXTRA-OFFICIAL FOREIGN SERVICE garet R. Shedd, of the Department, who had LIBRARY visited Naples in November while on their way There has been established at the Naples Con¬ to Egypt, spent two days in Naples after their sulate General a lending library of English books, conference duty in Vienna. which is organized in a manner enabling the pur¬ chase each month of a limited number of recently Ambassador John W. Garrett and Mrs. Garrett published books that the local American com¬ arrived on the S. S. Conte Grande January 17, munity desires to read. This library was estab¬ after having spent a leave of absence in the United lished through the initiative of Mrs. du Bois, wife States, and departed for Rome the same morning. of the Consul General, and the work of maintain¬ Consul General and Mrs. du Bois were at the ing it is conducted under her guidance by the quay to greet Ambassador and Mrs. Garrett upon ladies of the Consular staff. Although it is quite arrival. unofficial, it is so closely associated with the Con¬ sulate General that one naturally thinks of the Consul General W. Roderick Dorsey, newly ap¬ pleasure derived from the library as coming from pointed Consul General at Genoa, accompanied by an extra-official arm of the Foreign Service itself. Mrs. Dorsey and their two children, arrived in We have no desire to “steal the thunder” of any Naples on January 25, staying overnight before other post and therefore no claim is made that we proceeding to Genoa. While on the way to their are presenting an entirely new idea. We only new post several days were spent in Florence as know that it has excellent results at Naples, and guests of Mrs. Dorsey’s parents, Dr. and Mrs. we feel that it may, with modifications, prove G. W. Kirch. equally successful elsewhere. No appropriate use had ever been found for a On board the S. S. Exeter on the same voyage small penthouse consisting of one medium-sized, as Consul General Dorsey were Vice Consul J. well-lighted room on the roof of the Consular Wesley Jones, en route to his post at Calcutta; building. It was too isolated from all other parts Vice Consul and Mrs. Daniel Gaudin, Jr., on their of the Consulate General to be used as an office way to Beirut; and Vice Consul Wales W. Sig¬ and was less accessible and convenient than the nor en route to Smyrna. basement for storage space. Mrs. du Bois recog¬ nized the adaptability of this room to the purposes Vice Consul Morris N. Hughes, recently trans¬ of our lending library and with the assistance of ferred to the Consulate General at Athens, the other ladies of the Consulate, did most of the Greece, departed on the S. S. Franconia January manual labor required to put this room in good 25 for his new post. condition. One day’s assistance from a local car¬ penter converted a number of stationery and supply Consul General du Bois made a trip of special cases into very practical bookcases (without de- 148 stroying their identity as stationery cases if any business matters, and that the Consulate adds Inspector should ask to see them), and the effec¬ little to the real enjoyment of life, but merely tive wielding of the paintbrush by the ladies, com¬ supplies such essentials as passports, consular pleted the preparation of the quarters for the invoices, notarial services and similarly mun¬ library. dane things. It is felt that such libraries may Nearly every family of the staff had a number enable Consular officers to cultivate pleasant social of books to give and others to lend to the new contacts with the members of their American library. In fact, well over 100 books were im¬ colonies and in their own staffs which will be fully mediately available for lending purposes. as effective in many instances as the usual teas, The library’s organization is limited to a few dinners, and other usual forms of entertainment. fundamental, common-sense rules, and it is so in¬ The accompanying illustration, showing the formal that it can not even boast of having any library at Naples on a busy day, gives a fair idea governing board, or similarly troublesome super¬ of the generally studious character of our present vision. Officers and clerks and their families and staff. Anyone doubting this, or desiring any addi¬ residents or visiting Americans who desire to use tional information about the library, is invited to the facilities of the library, pay dues of five lire correspond with us. (about 25 cents) per month for the privilege of C. B. H. borrowing as many books as they wish to read. All dues received are used each month to purchase new books selected by a vote of the entire mem¬ NIAGARA FALLS, ONTARIO bership of the library, which is taken by means of circulating current publishers’ lists. The library' ’Quake-Trained Maid Wakes Family in Fire is always open from 11a. m. to 3 p. m. on Mon¬ March 21.—(CP)—A Costa Rican maid’s days and Thursdays. Other necessary rules are familiarity with earth tremors probably saved the so simple that they hardly merit comment. lives of United States Council Edward Caffey, The maintenance of this lending library settles his two children and mother-in-law, Mrs. Alfred satisfactorily one of the important problems of Gillis, of New Orleans, when fire gutted their living abroad; that is, the assuring of availability home here early in the morning. The maid heard of a sufficient supply of desirable literature, which a bell-like noise and thought she felt the house is even more important to Americans in foreign shake. She immediately summoned Mr. Caffey. countries, than to those at home. It also solves The family was rescued by the fire department, the annoying problem of how to lend books of per¬ through an upstairs window, by ladders. manent value, because they can now Ire lent to one The fire started in the basement from an un¬ library and made available to everyone, with the known origin and the house was heavily damaged. practical certainty of being returned to the owner (Continued to page 156) when desired. These are, of course, in addition to books pur¬ chased or given to the library, which in the course of a few years will in themselves comprise a very creditable library of good English literature. Quite aside from the benefits already described, a lending li¬ brary similar to the one now es¬ tablished at Naples through the unofficial good offices of the Con¬ sular staff, would undoubtedly serve to make the Consular Office at many posts a pleasant rendez¬ vous for members of the Ameri¬ can colony. In this manner the library would act as an antidote for the too frequent feeling among Americans that Consular Photo by William Gary into activities are limited strictly to LIBRARY, NAPLES CONSULATE GENERAL ly *pre^^MERICANpOREIGNgERVICE JOURNAL

FOREIGN SERVICE CHANGES Aloys J. Neu, of Madison, Wis., American Vice Con¬ sul at Pernambuco, Brazil, appointed Vice Consul at Released for publication February 20, 1932 Para. The following changes have occurred in the The American Vice Consulate at Bremerhaven, Ger¬ many, will be closed officially June 30, 1932, all records Foreign Service since February 6, 1932: and archives to be transferred to Bremen. Sydney G. Gest, of Merion, Pa., American Vice Con¬ sul at Habana, Cuba, now on leave in the United States, Released for publication March 5, 1932 confirmed by the Senate on February S, 1932, as a Secre¬ The following changes have occurred in the tary in the Diplomatic Service, and now designated Foreign Service since February 27, 1932: Third Secretary of Legation at Caracas, Venezuela. John Willard Carrigan, of San Francisco, Calif., was Non-Career confirmed by the Senate on February 19, 1932, as a T. Monroe Fisher, of Strasburg, Va., American Vice Foreign Service Officer, Unclassified, a Vice Consul of Consul at Santa Marta, Colombia, detailed to the De¬ Career and as Secretary in the Diplomatic Service of partment for consultation, appointed Vice Consul at the United States, and assigned to the Department of Trieste, Italy, at the termination of leave in the United State for duty. States. E. Allan Lightner, Jr., of Mountain Lakes, N. J., Henry P. Kiley, of Bridgeport, Conn., now a clerk in American Vice Consul at Santiago, Chile, assigned Vice the American Consulate at Geneva, Switzerland, ap¬ Consul at Valparaiso, Chile. pointed Vice Consul at that post. Andrew G. Lynch, of Utica, N. Y., confirmed by the Camden L. McLain, of Goodview, Va., now American Vice Consul at Santiago, Chile, appointed Vice Consul at Antofagasta, Chile. Myron H. Schraud, of San Antonio, Tex., American Vice Consul at Monterrey, Mexico, appointed Vice Con¬ sul at Puerto Castilla, Honduras. Arnold C. Van Houten, American Consular agent at Nanaimo, British Columbia, resigned effective January Banking Service 31, 1932, and the office was officially closed February IS. Released for publication February 27, 1932 To Foreign Service Officers The following changes have occurred in the Foreign Service since February 20, 1932: William P. Cochran, Jr., of Wayne, Pa., a Foreign Service Officer now assigned to the Department of State, With over forty-one years assigned American Vice Consul at Mexico City, Mexico. experience in banking and trust Hedley V. Cooke, Jr., of New Jersey, American Vice Consul at Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, now on business, we offer every financial leave in the United States, assigned Vice Consul at facility to those in the Foreign Tsingtao, China. Service. Curtis C. Jordan, of Eagle Rock, Calif., American Consul at Barcelona, Spain, assigned Consul at Madrid. Leland B. Morris, of Philadelphia, Pa., American A banking connection in Wash¬ Consul General at Athens, Greece, and confirmed by the ington, D. C., with this Institu¬ Senate on February 19, 1932, as a Secretary in the Diplo¬ tion will be a source of satisfac¬ matic Service, designated First Secretary of Legation at tion while on duty at a foreign Athens. He will assume charge of the Legation pend¬ ing the appointment and arrival of a new Minister, when post. he will resume his duties as Consul General. Livingston Satterthwaite, of Huntingdon Valley, Pa., confirmed on January 28, 1932, as a Foreign Service Offi¬ cer, Unclassified, Vice Consul of Career, and a Secretary of the Diplomatic Service, assigned American Vice Con¬ sul at Mexico City. MERICAN SECURITY Holmes Conrad Smith, of Christ Church, Va., con¬ AND TRUST C OMPANY » J firmed by the Senate on February 5, 1932, as a Foreign Service Officer, Unclassified, Vice Consul of Career, and 15th and Penna. Ave. a Secretary in the Diplomatic Service, assigned Ameri¬ can Vice Consul at Toronto, Canada. Four Branches Charles W. Yost, of Watertown, N. Y., now American Vice Consul at Alexandria, Egypt, detailed to the For¬ Capital, $3,400,000 eign Service Officers' Training School, class of April Surplus, $3,400,000 25, 1932. Non-Career WASHINGTON’S LARGEST Wade Blackard, of Jackson, Tenn., American Vice TRUST COMPANY Consul at Port Said, Egypt, and now on leave of absence, appointed Vice Consul at Alexandria. 150 Senate on February 19, 1932, as a Secretary in the Diplo¬ matic Service of the United States, designated as Third Secretary of the Legation at Bangkok, Siam, as well as American Vice Consul at Bangkok. Non-Career The assignment of Camden L. McLain, of Goodview, Va., as American Vice Consul at Antofagasta, Chile, has been cancelled, and he will continue as Vice Consul at Santiago, Chile.

Released for publication March 12, 1932 The following changes have occurred in the Foreign Service since March 5, 1932: Henry A. W. Beck, of Indianapolis, Ind., now Ameri¬ can Vice Consul at Alexandria, Egypt, assigned Vice Consul at Hankow, China. Make Use of Our Bernard F. Hale, of Lunenburg, Vt., American Con¬ sul at Venice, Italy, died at his post on March 7, 1932. On February 19, 1932, the Senate confirmed the Paris Office nomination of Wilbur Keblinger, of Staunton, Va., as American Consul General. He is now American Consul at Sydney, Australia, and is assigned Consul General at Singapore, Straits Settlements. for storage of luggage, or furni¬ Dale W. Maher, of Joplin, Mo., American Consul at Havre, France, assigned Consul at Shanghai, China. ture, for the accumulation, pack¬ George W. Renchard, of Detroit, Mich., now Ameri¬ can Vice Consul non career at Izmir, Turkey, was con¬ ing and shipping of purchases, and firmed by the Senate February 19, 1932, as Foreign Service Officer, Unclassified, Vice Consul of Career for information regarding ship¬ and Secretary in the Diplomatic Service of the United ping anywhere and Security States. He is assigned American Vice Consul and Third Secretary of Legation at Baghead, Iraq. (Steel) Vans. Arthur L. Richards, of Pasadena, Calif., now Ameri¬ can Vice Consul at Teheran, Persia, designated Third Secretary of Legation in addition to his consular Marine, Transit and Baggage In¬ duties. Robert B. Streeper, of Columbus, Ohio, now American surance, SPECIAL GOVERN- Consul at Teheran, Persia, was confirmed by the Senate MENT SERVICE POLICY February 19 as Secretary in the Diplomatic Service, FOR FOREIGN SERVICE and is designated Third Secretary of Legation in ad¬ dition to his consular duties. OFFICERS. Non-Career Paul H. Demille, of El Paso, Texas, now American Vice Consul at Tirana, Albania, appointed Vice Consul at Monterrey, Mexico. #mirifg JfroragF (Jompang 1140 Fifteenth St. Cable “Storage” Released for publication March 19, 1932 WASHINGTON, D. C. The following changes have occurred in the Foreign Service since March 12, 1932: European Office John Hall Paxton, of Danville, Va., now language 31 Place du Marche St. Honore, PARIS officer at Peiping, China, assigned Consul at Canton, China. Mr. Paxton will proceed to his new post upon Telegrams “Medium” the completion of his language study. Robert F. Fernald, of Ellsworth, Maine, now Consul for over 41 years providing SECURITY for at Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua, assigned Consul at La household goods, silverware, works of art, Paz, Bolivia. furs, clothing, rugs, tapestries, motor Non-Career cars, in Henry H. Leonard, of Connersville, Indiana, Vice Consul and Clerk at Acapulco, Mexico, retired effective at the close of business on March 31, 19,32. Storage, Moving & Shipping Francis B. Moriarty, of Washington, D. C., now Vice C. A. ASPINWALL, President. Consul and Clerk at Tunis, Tunisia, assigned Vice Consul, non-career at Turin, Italy. 151 BIRTHS Perfection in A son, Gregory Alston Fuller, was born on De¬ cember 20, 1931, to Consul and Mrs. George FLOWERS Gregg Fuller, at Kingston, Ontario, Canada. SINCE 1889 A daughter, Jane Beekman Hukill, was born on 43 YEARS AGO December 26, 1931, to Consul and Mrs. George We Telegraph Flowers R. Hukill, at Zurich, Switzerland. A daughter, Elizabeth Sheila Thayer Vincent, was bom on December 29, 1931, to Consul and WASHINGTON, D. C. Mrs. John Carter Vincent, at Peiping, China. PHONE NATIONAL 4278 Consul Vincent is stationed at Mukden. Main Store 1212 F Street N. W. A son, Cabot Coville, Jr., was born on January Three Branch Flower Shops 5, 1932, to Consul and Mrs. Cabot Coville, at Tokyo, Japan. A son, Austin Laurence Taylor, was born on George C. Minor, of Charleston, West Virginia, now January 23, 1932, to Vice Consul and Mrs. Vice Consul and Clerk at Stuttgart, Germany, assigned Laurence W. Taylor, at Vancouver, B. C., Vice Consul, non-career, at Cologne, Germany. Canada. Joseph E. Maleady, of Fall River, Massachusetts, now Vice Consul and Clerk at Vera Cruz, Mexico, A son, Barry Branson Shaw, was born on Feb¬ assigned Vice Consul, non-career, at Acapulco, Mexico. ruary 19, 1932, at New Orleans, La., to Consul and Mrs. George P. Shaw. Consul Shaw is now Stationed at San Luis Potosi, Mexico. NATURALIZATION AND CITIZENSHIP A son, Charles Bridgham Hosmer, Jr., was OF MARRIED WOMEN born on February 23, 1932, at Naples, Italy, to 72d Congress, 1st Session, H. R. 8873 Consul and Mrs. Charles Bridgham Hosmer. The following bill was introduced in the House A son, Donald Edward James Stewart, was of Representatives by the Hon. Burton L. French born on February 24, 1932, to Vice Consul and (Idaho) on February 4, 1932, and was referred Mrs. Warren C. Stewart, at La Ceiba, Honduras. to the Committee on Immigration and Naturaliza¬ A son, George Roberts Andrews, was born on tion and ordered to be printed. February 26, 1932, to Diplomatic Secretary and A bill to amend an act entitled “An act rela¬ Mrs. George D. Andrews, Jr., at Habana, Cuba. tive to all naturalization and citizenship of mar¬ ried women.” MARRIAGES Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa¬ tives of the United States of America in Congress assem¬ Huston-Weeks. Married at Genoa, Italy, De¬ bled, That the Act entitled “An Act relative to the natur¬ cember 18, 1931, Vice Consul Cloyce K. Huston alization and citizenship of married women,” approved and Miss Elene Best Weeks, of Fargo, N. Dak. September 22, 1922, is amended by adding the following at the end thereof: English-Grew. Married at Istanbul, Turkey, “SEC. 9. That any foreign woman who might herself on February 25, 1932, Diplomatic Secretary be naturalized, and who is or shall be married to a citizen Robert M. English, formerly stationed at Bangkok, of the United States residing abroad as an officer or em¬ Siam, but now designated Diplomatic Secretary ployee of this Government, shall become a citizen of the United States, if, and when, after she shall have been at Budapest, Hungary, and Miss Anita Clark married to such officer or employee for one year or more, Grew, daughter of the Honorable Joseph C. Grew, she declares under oath before a diplomatic or consular formerly Ambassador to Turkey but now ap¬ officer of the United States, other than her husband, that pointed to Japan. she intends eventually to come to the United States to reside, and takes before such officer the oath of allegiance to the United States prescribed by the naturalization laws and regulations. Certified copies of such declaration and PUGSLEY SCHOLARSHIP oath shall be sent by the diplomatic or consular officer to Mr. Chester D. Pugsley kindly states, in a letter the Department of State and the Department of Labor.” dated February 25, 1932, that he has renewed for another academic year the scholarship at Two ladies talking recently were heard to say, Earl ham College, Richmond, Ind., with a cash “There is one nice thing about Foreign Service stipend of $200, for the son or daughter of an officers. If they are not interesting, they have at American Consul or Vice Consul of career. The 'east been to interesting places.” college in addition grants tuition. 152 IN MEMORIAM

Mrs. John A. Cobb, mother of Mrs. Nathaniel FOR TWENTY-FIVE YEARS B. Stewart and grandmother of Mrs. Howard Photographers to the Bucknell, and also mother of Vice Consul George Diplomatic Corps and the C. Cobb, passed away at Americus, Ga., on Feb¬ Consular Service ruary 1, 1932, after a long illness. HARRIS & EWING Dr. David Jayne Hill, educator, historian and diplomat, passed away at his home in Washing¬ THE HOME OF ton on March 2, 1932, where he had been living “NATIONAL NOTABLES” since his retirement from the Diplomatic Service 1313 F Street N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. in 1911. Dr. Hill was born at Plainfield, N. J., Phone National 8700 June 10, 1850. He studied at Bucknell Univer¬ sity, and at Berlin and Paris. In 1879 he was elected president of Bucknell University and re¬ mained there for nine years, when he was elected near her home in Washington. Dr. Hill is sur¬ president of the University of Rochester. In vived by three children, two sons, Walter Liddell 1896 he resigned to study law and diplomacy, and David }., ]r., and a daughter, Mrs. Catherine spending some time in Europe. On October 25, J. P. H. Tillema. 1898, John Hay having entered upon the duties of Secretary of State, Dr. Hill was appointed Assist¬ ant Secretary of State to succeed John Bassett The news of the sad untimely death of Moore. On January 7, 1903, he was sent as Min¬ Bernard Franklin Hale, American Consul on de¬ ister to Switzerland, where he stayed until March tail at Venice, which occurred on March 7, 1932, 15. 1905, when he was appointed Minister to the from pneumonia at Venice, came as a great shock Netherlands. On April 2. 1908, he was advanced to his friends. He was the son of Franklin D. to the position of Ambassador to Germany where Hale, formerly American Consul at Huddersfield, he served acceptably until his retirement on Sep¬ England. He was born at Lunenburg, Vt., on tember 2, 1911. July 22, 1896, and was educated at Goddard Dr. Hill was a member of the Permanent Ad¬ Seminary, graduating from Hebron Academy. He ministrative Council of the Hague Tribunal, and first served as clerk in the American Consulate was one of the delegates to the Second Peace General at London from 1916 to 1918, when he Conference at The Hague. While in Washington was detailed as Vice Consul at Edinburgh, then at he occupied for several years the chair of Euro¬ Swansea, and Leeds. After passing the exami¬ pean diplomacy in the School of Comparative nation November 17, 1920, he was appointed later Jurisprudence and Diplomacy, Washington. D. C. Vice Consul of Career and served in Plymouth, After the Peace Conference of 1919 Dr. Hill took and later at Dundee. On August 8, 1924, he was an active part in the fight against the proposed appointed Consul and assigned to Dunfermline. American membership in the League of Nations. In May, 1925, he was assigned to Marseille; later Dr. Hill was the author of biographies of Wash¬ in the year he was sent temporarily to Geneva, ington Irving and William Cullen Bryant, but and the following year to Trieste. On April 4, questions of governmental and international rela¬ 1931, he was transferred to Venice. At all these tions were the subject of many of his literary posts he served faithfully and well, so that it was works, among which should be mentioned his hoped that a long and successful career in the monumental work entitled “A History of Diplo¬ Service was before him. The JOURNAL, on behalf macy in the International Development of Europe” of the Association, extends its sincere sympathy of which three volumes were issued, the last vol¬ to his wife and child, and to his parents. ume was on “The Development of the Age of Absolutism” and brought the history down to ap¬ Henry M. Smythe, of Virginia, Minister Resi¬ proximately 1775, the accession of Louis XVI to dent and Consul General to Haiti from 1893 to the throne of France, just as the Revolutionary 1897, during President Cleveland’s second admin¬ Era was opening. istration, died on March 14, 1932, at the Con¬ Dr. Hill married in 1886 Juliet Lewis Packer, federate Soldiers’ Home at Richmond, Va., aged of Williamsport, Pa. She died in January, 1923, 92. Mr. Smythe, who was formerly a newspaper killed by an automobile when crossing the street editor, was first appointed as American Consul at 153 The Journal has received news of the death of Richard C. Bundy on March 8, 1932, at Wilber- INSURANCE force, Ohio. Mr. Bundy was born in Wilming¬ We issue a Special Policy Protecting Members of the ton, Ohio, January 31, 1879, and was appointed, Diplomatic and Consul Service against after examination, Secretary of the Legation at ALL RISKS ON PERSONAL EFFECTS and Monrovia on March 31, 1910. He served at HOUSEHOLD FURNITURE various times as Charge d’Affaires and was pro¬ ANYWHERE IN THE WORLD moted to Secretary of Embassy or Legation of Class 2 on July 17, 1919. He was on detail in Adjustment Offices Throughout the World the Department of State in connection with Write us for Particulars Liberian loan negotiations from 1921 to 1923. RALPH W. LEE & COMPANY He later resigned from the Service to become 1508 L street N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. superintendent of the combined Normal and In¬ dustrial Department of Wilberforce University at Wilberforce, Ohio. His long service in West Fuchau, China, June 22, 1893, but was trans¬ Africa had been detrimental to his health, and ferred to Haiti in September, 1893. He was also he had been ill for more than a year before his accredited as Charge d'Affaires to the Dominican death. Republic. AN APPRECIATION It is a sad duty to announce in these pages the In March, 1910, Richard Carlton Bundy was death of Mrs. Alan Francis Winslow, formerly appointed Secretary of Legation at Monrovia and Miss Rosamond Castle, daughter of the Under proceeded immediately to his post. He spent Secretary of State and Mrs. Castle, which occurred eleven long years on the fever-ridden coast of at her home in New York City on March 26. Mr. West Africa—a period much longer than any and Mrs. Castle were at their daughter’s bedside, other officer has served at any one post in that but Mr. Winslow, who was hastening by plane distant and unhealthful part of the world. from Nassau, did not reach home until after Mrs. During that time he labored bravely and inces¬ Winslow’s death. Mrs. Winslow was ill but a santly in the interests of his country, and the few days, having contracted an acute case of prestige of the United States under his guidance pneumonia, which her physicians were powerless rose, not only among Liberians, but also among to check. his foreign colleagues, to a point hitherto un¬ Mr. Winslow entered the American Diplomatic known. He worked quietly and efficiently Service in 1919, and immediately after his mar¬ through the trying days of the World War when riage to Miss Castle the couple took up their resi¬ innumerable problems of delicacy and importance dence in Berne, where he had been assigned as were thrown upon his shoulders, never complain¬ Secretary of Legation. Later Mr. and Mrs. Wins¬ ing in spite of the fact that the long sojourn was low removed to Mexico City when Mr. Winslow undermining his health. His shrewd summaries was assigned to a Diplomatic post in that city. of the situations, oil file in the Department, are They remained there until 1928 when Mr. Wins¬ masterpieces. low retired from the Foreign Service. Mr. and The best traditions of the Service were safe in Mrs. Winslow then returned to the United States, Richard Bundy’s hands, and his Service spirit taking up their residence in New York City. was a model worthy of emulation. The Service Mrs. Winslow is also survived by three chil¬ is proud to have numbered him among its hon¬ dren, Alan Francis, Jr., 7, and David and Donald, ored members and his colleagues extend their sin¬ 4 years old. cere sympathy to his bereaved mother, widow and The funeral services were held in Washington, brother. H. McB. in the Bethlehem Chapel of the Washington Mr. Boleslaw Horodynski, a Polish citizen, who Cathedral. President Hoover, members of the as American Vice Consul, was in charge of the Cabinet, virtually the entire Diplomatic Corps, American Consulate at Warsaw, Poland, from and a large number of State Department officials December 13, 1901. to December 22, 1902, died attended the funeral services. at Warsaw on February 15, 1932, aged 89. Mr. To the bereaved family, deep and sincere sym¬ Horodynski, prior to his appointment as Vice pathy is extended. Consul, had served as clerk in the Consulate for 10 years.

154 To Former Students and Others To 'Whom It May Be of Interest FOREIGN THE ANGUS CRAWFORD SCHOOL SERVICE

WILL CONTINUE IN OPERATION AT Coaching and Special Prep¬ 3034 P STREET N. W., WASHINGTON, D. C. Under the charge of aration Course for Diplo¬ FRANKLIN ROUDYBUSH matic and Consular Exami¬ nations In our issue of last month the death was re¬ ported of Angus McD. Crawford, who had con¬ ducted in Washington for several years past a short intensive course of preparation for the HARVEY INSTITUTE Foreign Service examinations. Mr. Franklin 1317 NEW HAMPSHIRE AVENUE N. W. Roudybush, B.F.S., Georgetown Foreign Service WASHINGTON, D. C. School, announces that he has opened a special course of study at Mr. Crawford’s former resi¬ OFFICE AND MAIL ADDRESS dence, 3034 P Street N. W., Washington, D. C. 2129 FLORIDA AVENUE N. W. The Harvey Institute, 2129 Florida Avenue N. W. and Messrs. Campbell Turner and Man- TELEPHONE NORTH 15 38 nix Walker, 1901 Columbia Road N. W., have also opened special courses of study in Washing¬ ton. Messrs. Turner and Walker have both been connected with the American Foreign Service. Washington Bicentennial Commission, Washing¬ ton Building, Washington, D. C., it would be GEORGE WASHINGTON BICENTENNIAL greatly appreciated and of inestimable value. In this connection the Commission not only wants The United States George Washington Bicen¬ reports of large, major events but of all events tennial Commission is making a collection of news¬ pertaining to the celebration. The Commission paper clippings, photographs and programs per¬ feels that by making an appeal to the readers of taining to the Bicentennial Celebration. It is THE FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL, many interesting comparatively easy to get such reports appearing items which ordinarily would be lost could be in¬ in the United States, but it is most difficult to cluded in this permanent collection of written rec¬ procure accounts of various Bicentennial exer¬ ords on events pertaining to the Celebration hon¬ cises outside of this country. oring George Washington on the Anniversary of Congressman Sol Bloom, Associate Director of his Two Hundredth Birthday. the United States George Washington Bicenten¬ nial Commission is collecting and preparing a permanent record of events held all over the world relating to the Bicentennial Celebration. A com¬ MR. CAMPBELL TURNER plete file will be deposited in the Government Former Secretary of Legation in the Diplomatic Service Archives for future reference. The Bicentennial and Commission feels that such a record will be of MR. MANNIX WALKER value not only to future historians but to future Former Vice-Consul of Career George Washington celebrations. It feels that Have Opened a School for Applicants for the Foreign future citizens will be able to profit from the plan¬ Service Examinations ning and activities of the people of today in ar¬ at 1901 Columbia Road N. W. ranging and carrying out this great tribute to George Washington. Washington, D. C. If Americans outside of the United States would Telephone: NOrth 9537 send in such matter to the United States George 1SS given by Consul and Mrs. Heizer at Hotel Saint George at Mustapha Superieur, Algiers, from 4 to 7. There were about 200 guests present. Hotel Martinique Besides the American Colony and the entire Con¬ sular Corps there were a large number of the SIXTEENTH STREET AT M leading officials of the French administration WASHINGTON, D. C. present. There was music and dancing and all present seemed to have had a pleasant time. It is Situated on beautiful Sixteenth Street, five blocks north interesting to note that Captain Cherry, of the of the White House and Department of State, THE British Navy (retired) a relative of George MARTINIQUE has long been recognized as the favorite Washington, and Countess de Brazza, a descend¬ Washington hotel of visiting Foreign Service officers and their families. ed of General Lafayette were present. In the evening there was a gala dinner at the A 25% DISCOUNT FROM ROOM Hotel Aletti at which there were present many CHARGES IS ALLOWED MEM¬ members of the American and French commun¬ BERS OF THE FOREIGN ities. The American and French flags were dis¬ SERVICE played in large numbers and the dining room was very tastily decorated. There was a life sized SINGLE ROOMS, FROM $3.00 THE DAY likeness of George Washington at one end of the DOUBLE ROOMS, FROM $4.00 THE DAY room. Weekly and monthly rates in proportion Major General Ulysses G. McAlexander (re¬ tired) and Mrs. McAlexander visited Algiers en EVERY ROOM HAS PRIVATE BATH route to Morocco. They were present at the re¬ ception given on the occasion of the bicentenary Illustrated brochure will be furnished upon request of George Washington. L. R. HAWKINS, Manager CONSUL O. S. HEIZER.

TUNIS FEBRUARY 7, 1932. NEWS ITEMS FROM THE FIELD Consul Leland Leslie Smith, officer in charge (Continued from, page 149) at Tunis during the past seven years sailed yes¬ terday morning en route to his new post at STOCKHOLM Prague. For several weeks prior to the departure Consul General John Ball Osborne, before leav¬ of Mr. and Mrs. Smith they were guests at a ing Stockholm for his new post at Budapest, gave continuous series of farewell parties given in farewell interviews to the Svenska Dagbladet and their honor by officials of the Tunisian Govern¬ the Stockhohns Tidningen-Stockholms Dagblad at ment, consular colleagues, the art colony of Tunis, their special request, which interviews were pub¬ as well as business and personal friends. On the lished on February 18, 1932. Mr. Osborne ex¬ morning of sailing the throng at the docks in¬ pressed his cordial thanks for the five pleasant cluded Madame Manceron, wife of the Resident years he had spent among such an ideal people and of Tunisia; M. Bonzon, the French Minister in such an ideal country. Indeed one of the news¬ Delegue to the Tunisian Government; chiefs of papers remarked humorously and very charm¬ the various government departments, high ranking ingly: “The Consul General says more nice things officers of the French Army, the British, Italian about Sweden than we dare print. The main and German Consuls General, officers of this thing is that we dare believe him. Although what Consular Staff and a host of personal friends. he said about our walking around here and re¬ VICE CONSUL JAY WALKER. sembling the masterly statuary of the ancient Greek sculptors, we suppose must be taken for a little joke.” JOHANNESBURG, SOUTH AFRICA FEBRUARY 8, 1932. The readers of the JOURNAL may possibly be in¬ ALGIERS, ALGERIA terested in the tour of South Africa by an Ameri¬ MARCH 3, 1932. can musical band consisting of 22 American girls, On the occasion of the bicentenary of the known as “The Ingenues.” The hand is under the birth of George Washington a reception was management of an American citizen, Mr. E. J. 156 Sherman, and arrived in Johannesburg on Wed¬ nesday, February 3, 1932. On the same after¬ noon a garden party and reception was given for these young people at my private residence. Hotel J^afayette About 250 people attended the reception. Mrs. Moorhead and I gave this reception for Corner 16th and Eye Streets, N. W. the reason that this is the first time for many years that an American troupe has visited in South Africa. At the first performance given at the Empire Theater on Friday night, February 5, a hearty welcome was given to this band, the theater being packed to the doors. These young girls, through their modesty, good behavior, and ability, have done considerable to improve friendly relations in Johannesburg. CONSUL GENERAL M. K. MOORHEAD. Only three minutes from the State, War HAMILTON, BERMUDA and Navy Departments, the White The American Consul, Mr. Graham H. Kemper, House, and all Clubs, and is the and Mrs. Kemper gave an afternoon reception at center of all that is worth the Hamilton Hotel on Washington’s Birthday, to while which over 400 guests were invited. His Excel¬ SPECIAL RATES lency the Governor and Lady Cubitt were present, and the distinguished company included represen¬ TO THE DIPLOMATIC AND tatives of the Army and Navy, heads of Depart¬ CONSULAR SERVICE ments, and members of visiting and local society. Tea was served, and a conspicuous feature was an enormous birthday cake with 200 candles. An orchestra gave a musical program during the tea and dancing followed. A dinner party at the Consu¬ late was given a few days previ¬ ously, at which the Honorable E. W. Evans, Colonial Secretary, and Mrs. Evans were the guests of honor. Dinner was served at a number of tables, and after each course the male guests moved from table to table, the result being a very happy and congenial gathering almost im¬ possible to a more formal pro¬ ceeding.

EXPRESSION “I have discovered after long expe¬ rience that misunderstandings arise between men largely because of the failure of adequate expression. Be careful to see that your language is clear. Sentences must be short—then add style if you can. It is only half enough to have the transmitter work clearly and accurately. The other half lies with the receiver, and style, if it I'aoto jrom c. tf. Kuykenaau be compelling enough, is the sure way XAI'l.ltS. OFFICERS VISIT MINTURNO to make the receiver function well.”— Left to right—/■’ !<*• Consul Barbour, Consul Kuykendall, Mrs. Johnson, Vice Owen D. Young. Consul Hughes, and Dr. Johnson 157 World’s Largest Operators of EARTHQUAKE AT SANTIAGO DE CUBA Multi-Engined Air Transports In the evening of February 2, 1932, the first of 20,166 Miles of Airways—Flying over 100,000 Miles a series of light shocks were felt in the City of Santiago de Cuba. At 1.18 a. m. of February Every Week 3, occurred a light tremor, followed by a heavy quake which caused considerable damage and ter¬ rified the people. Thereafter, during the follow¬ ing few days, there was a long series of lighter shocks, over 40 in all being felt. In the heavy quake of the morning of February 3, nine persons lost their lives and some 300 persons were injured. The destruction of property was greatest in the business section near the water front, probably owing to the looser subsoil. The shopping section also suffered heavy damage, while in the resi¬ ^Between 'United States-cPtlexico-hlcst Indies- dential suburbs all the houses were so shaken that Central andSo.uthdmerica few can now be regarded as secure against fur¬ BOARD OF DIRECTORS ther severe shocks. David K. E. Bruce, S. Sloan Colt, Merian C. Cooper, E. A. The American Consulate occupied the second Deeds, Lyman Delano, Sherman M. Fairchild, G. B. Grosvenor, Richard F. Hoyt, Leonard Kennedy, Robert Lehman, Grover floor of the Bank of Nova Scotia building. The Loening, R. K. Mellon, George Mixter, E. O. McDonnell, Fred B. Rentschler, J. T. Trippe, Wm. H. Vanderbilt, C. V. Whitney, tower clock crashed to the street, the walls of the J. H. Whitney. building were cracked in places, and a portion of President and General Manager—J. T. TRIPPE. Assistant to President—E. E. WYMAN. one wall fell. The interior of the Consulate was Technical Advisor—COLONEL CHARLES A. LINDBERGH. in great confusion owing to the falling over of Vice President in Charge of Foreign Department—EVAN E. YOUNG. storage cabinets, book cases, etc. The street door GENERAL OFFICES: 122 East 42d Street, NEW YORK CITY of the Consulate was found open, and in this con¬ nection great credit is due the messenger and janitor, JUAN ABIAGUE, who living but a short distance away went to the Consulate imme¬ diately and stood on guard throughout the succeed¬ ing shocks until Consul Schoenrich (who lives in the suburbs and fortunately escaped injury) ar¬ rived at daybreak.

SANTIAGO DE CUBA

Above— Juan Abiayue. Sii Building in which Consulate located shouting hole in wo

158 YOKOHAMA FEBRUARY 4, 1932. Consul Leonard N. Green, en route to his post Share Your Experiences at Swatow, passed through Yokohama and re¬ newed old friendships, having been stationed at In Distant Lands Yokohama for more than six years immediately following the great earthquake which completely destroyed Yokohama and in which Consul Max Kirjassoff and his wife lost their lives.

Vice Consuls Drumright, Schuler, Van Ben- schoten and Gerald Warner, en route from the Foreign Service School, Washington, to their re¬ spective posts at Hankow. Kobe, Dairen and Tientsin, together with two of their fellow passengers were, upon their arrival at Yokohama, escorted to Kamakura by Vice Consul 11 ill of this office. Upon their return to Yokohama they were taken to Tokyo by Vice Consuls Hill and Dorsz to view the new American Embassy and such other sights of the capital city as was possible in the three hours available before their entraining for Kobe.

Vice Consul and Mrs. H. Merrell Benninghoff having been granted home leave by the Depart¬ ment, are leaving Yokohama on February 9.

Mrs. Quevedo, stenographer to Consul General Photograph by Maynard Owen Williams. Cunningham, of Shanghai, passed through Yoko¬ hama en route to the United States on a 60 days BEATING BURGHUL, A WHEAT PREPARATION, ANATOLIA furlough. Many members of the Foreign Service have con¬ tributed materially to international understanding by making known, through the National Geographic Mrs. De Vault, wife of the Consul, has been Magazine, facts about the various countries and confined at St. Luke’s Hospital, Tokyo, for the peoples of the Earth. past two weeks. She is expected to return to her home in Yokohama within a week. Because this Magazine is in constant need of human-interest articles and photographs, it offers you, too, a unique opportunity to share in its edu¬ The new Consular establishment at Yokohama, cational work. Your descriptions and photographs a replica in granite and imitation marble of the of life about you, or your narrative of your travel presidential White House, Washington, affording experiences, may well be suited for publication. residence quarters for all officers as well as elabo¬ Why not submit your material for the considera¬ rate offices, is expected to be occupied by March tion of The Editor? By doing so you will be 1, providing lighting and window fixtures arrive performing a very real service to world friendship. from the United States before then to warrant The Geographic pays liberally for all occupancy. All concerned here are of the opinion material suitable for publication. Write that it is in every respect the finest consular build¬ today for 16-page illustrated booklet de¬ ing in the world. tailing the kind of photographs desired. VICE CONSUL EDMUND J. DORSZ.

E. Talbot Smith, American Consul at Bergen, The National Geographic Magazine Norway, reports that he has been successful in Gilbert Grosvenor, Litt.D., LL.D., Editor having the city fathers of Bergen name a street for George Washington, the first street named Washington, D. C. after a non-Norwegian in that city. 159 CUNNINGHAM OF SHANGHAI Edwin S. Cunningham, American Consul Gen¬ eral at Shanghai, seems to come as close to being The NEW Model No. 6 the ideal Foreign Service officer as is imaginable. He possesses those American pioneer qualities UNDERWOOD which have put red blood in our Foreign Service. Its reorganized structure and training school under the Rogers Act is less than 10 years old. STANDARD With politics figuring less and less in appoint¬ ments, we are slowly building up today a force IS HERE! which will be the nucleus of a great professional corps. Mr. Cunningham might well serve as a model. From his wise handling of the situation in Shanghai he already bids fair to join that small company of heroic diplomats which includes Conger, of Boxer fame, and Herrick, of the Great War. * * * His specialized knowledge and long contact—nearly 20 years of it in the East—have brought him extraordinary plenipoten¬ tiary powers rarely accorded to a consular official. This realization of career aspirations may stimu¬ late dozens of young men, some now studying Oriental languages in Paris, to be our future am¬ bassadors and consular chiefs. Gradually they are taking over Vice Consulates and agencies in iso¬ lated spots of the globe. Cunningham should he their ideal, the “grand old man” of their dreams. —New York Herald (Paris Edition), February 7, Typewriter beauty is given a new significance . . . speed and ease of operation a new meaning ... in the 1932. new model No. 6. For years the activities of the great Underwood Laboratories have been centered upon it. For months, details of its construction . . . the develop¬ ment of its startling new features . . . the records of its SUVA, FIJI ISLANDS revolutionary performance have been closely guarded The marriage of Mrs. Anne Margaret Lewis secrets. Mellor to Mr. Charles Cutler Curtis, of New But now, it is here . . . complete . . . proven ... its York and Papeete, took place at Suva on February period of engineering, testing and checking behind it 13, 1932. This wedding is one of the romances ... its era of performance before it . . . ready, willing, anxious to serve you . . . the New Underwood Standard of the South Seas. Mrs. Mellor, who has had a Typewriter. successful world wide career as an opera singer, left New York last January on the motor yacht See the New Underwood Standard Model No. 6 at our office ... or at your own office . . . today! Stella Polaris, while Mr. Curtis, who was then in New York, arranged to return by that vessel to his plantations in Tahiti. Their engagement en¬ Underwood sued, and they planned to be married in Samoa, Standard, Noiseless and Portable Typewriters—Bookkeepins Machine but bad weather drove the yacht to Suva. Arriv¬ UNDERWOOD TYPEWRITER COMPANY ing there the evening of February 11, a special Division of Underwood Elliott Fisher Company license was applied for the next day, and the wed¬ 1413 New York Ave., N. W., Washington, D. C. ding took place on February 13, which those who “SALES AND SERVICE EVERYWHERE” "UNDERWOOD ELLlOTT-FiSHER. SUNDSTRAND SPEED THE WORLD’S BUSINESS" reside in British colonies and know the difficulties surrounding special licenses, will admit is fairly quick work. Indeed Mrs. Roberts, wife of Con¬ UNDERWOOD sul Quincy F. Roberts, was taken by surprise and had but 1 hour and 45 minutes to arrange a wed¬ Speeds the Worlds Business ding breakfast (with an iced wedding cake) and reception for a large party of guests, which surely constitutes a world record. 160 VANCOUVER, B. C. Consul General Ely E. Palmer delivered on February 22 an inspiring address at a luncheon given by the American Women’s Club of Van¬ couver to open the George Washington bicenten¬ nial celebration in that city. The luncheon was given in the Crystal Ball Room of the Vancouver Hotel, and was a very picturesque affair, the members of the reception committee being all dressed in colonial costumes. At the conclusion of the luncheon, a play depicting a scene in the life of George Washington was given, in which Consul Robert E. Leary took an active part, as also Vice Consul Laurence W. Taylor and Mr. Robert F. Hale. Another charming feature of the program was a minuet in colonial costume by eight members of the club. Mrs. J. L. Turnbull, vice president of the Women’s Canadian Club, proposed at the luncheon an old fashioned toast to George Washington written in 1778 by Francis Hopkinson, the first known American composer and one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. In view of ONE AMERICA its age and its charm, it is here reproduced, as follows: The Toast to ANOTHER ’Tis Washington’s Health—fill a bumper around, For he is our glory and pride; O Measure the miles in seconds when you would ’Tis Washington’s Health—our hero to bless, reach from one of the Americas to another with an May Heaven look graciously down. inquiry... a command ... with any message that re¬ Oh! long may he live our hearts to possess, quires fast transmission and prompt delivery. And freedom still call him her own. Use All America Cables... and be certain that Oh! long may he live our hearts to possess your message will be handled not only with speed, And freedom still call him her own Still call him her own. but with the accuracy and dependability that come with fifty years of knowing how. On February 12 Consul General Palmer was With its three duplex (two-way) cables linking the principal speaker at he annual dinner of a cable offices located throughout the great centers of prominent men’s club in Seattle, the subject of his American industry, All America Cables is providing address being “The Universality of Lincoln.” The present-day America with present-day message-com¬ address was broadcast over the radio throughout munication service... service based upon the skill the Northwest. and the will to see every message through.

The International System of which All America Cables Vice Consul James E. Henderson, of San Fran¬ is a part offers a world-wide service of coordinated rec¬ ord communications . . . to and within the United States cisco, recently temporarily assigned to Vancouver, and Canada via Postal Telegraph ... to Europe, Asia arrived at this post and assumed his duties early and The Orient via Commercial Cables ... to Central America, South America and the West Indies via All in February. America Cables . . . and to ships at sea via Mackay Radio.

Consul General and Mrs. Palmer have as their THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM guest Mrs. Palmer’s mother, Lady Sharp, of London. dll dmerica Cables Vice Consul and Mrs. Laurence Taylor are re¬ /TS&x joicing in the arrival of a son, Austin Laurence, Commercial "Postal on January 23. Cables ci Telegraph CONSUL PL S. TEWELL. tllackay Radio 161 Mrs. Frank Fletcher, president of the club, pre¬ sided at the dinner and introduced the speakers. Following a toast to the King proposed by Consul Damon C. Woods and a toast to the President proposed by Rev. E. Crossley Hunter, or Toronto, Consul General Emil Sauer made an address upon the purpose and plan of the bicentennial observ¬ ance of Washington’s year of birth. He then presented Dr. George W. Locke, chief librarian of the Toronto Public Libraries, who delivered the principal address of the evening, devoted to an analysis and eulogy of the character of Wash¬ ington. Consular representation at the dinner and ball included Consul General and Mrs. Emil Sauer, Consul and Mrs. Damon C. Woods, Consul and Mrs. C. Paul Fletcher, Vice Consul Donald H. Robinson, Mrs. Larned, wife of Vice Consul Frank H. Larned, and Vice Consul and Mrs. Fred A. Bohne. CONSUL DAMON C. WOODS.

FORT WILLIAM, ONTARIO, CANADA At the instance of Consul Jesse B. Jackson, an Mrs. Emil Sauer, wife of the American Consul General, appropriate service was held on Sunday, February Toronto, and Mrs. Frank C. Fletcher, President, 21, in St. Andrew’s Presbyterian Church, Fort American Women’s Club of Toronto, in colonial costume William, the Rev. Hugh R. Grant officiating and giving an eloquent address on the life and influ¬ TORONTO ence of George Washington. The service was FEBRUARY 24, 1932. attended by all the American citizens in the dis¬ The two hundredth anniversary of the birth of trict, as well as by a large number of interested George Washington was celebrated at Toronto at Canadians. It is interesting to know that Dr. a dinner and ball given by the American Women’s Club of the city at the Royal York Hotel. Nearly Grant is the person had in mind by the Rev. 400 American and Canadian men and women Charles W. Gordon, of Winnipeg, when he wrote were present. Many of the club members were “The Sky Pilot” under the pen name of Ralph beautifully attired in colonial costumes. Connor.

ALIEN PROPERTY CUSTODIAN CLAIMS and all other WAR CLAIMS in connection with confiscated properties by former allied or central governments Miscellaneous Collections here and abroad, New Financing, Funding of Debts, Re-organization of Foreign Firms, Incorporations under American Laws, Financial Investigations and Credit Information CARL M. J. von ZIELINSKI Foreign Trade and Financial Adviser 90 WALL STREET NEW YORK Cable Address: “Zielinski” All Standard Codes Used Agents and Correspondents in practically all parts of the world.

162 ABSTRACTS OF IMPORTANT DECISIONS OF THE COMPTROLLER GENERAL Traveling expenses—Foreign vessel—Dependents of Foreign Service Officer (A39721) Where the dependents of a Foreign Service Officer returning to the United States do not accompany the officer but for personal reasons precede him, the ap¬ proval of such travel by the Secretary of State and the fact that no American vessels were available at the date of such travel by the dependents, do not authorize the allowance of credit for expenditures so made upon the foreign vessel, as an American vessel was available had the dependents accompanied the officer and there was no official necessity for the use of the foreign ves¬ sel within the purview of sec. 601 of the Merchant Ma¬ rine act of 1928, 45 Stat. 697. 12/15/31. Traveling expenses—Personal (A-39088) An employe in a travel status who interrupts such status to spend a Sunday in another city on personal business or pleasure, which day might otherwise have been spent on official travel to his next duty station, is not entitled to reimbursement for any expenses in¬ curred on that day. Traveling expenses—Foreign vessels As the usual route followed by travelers from the United States to Italian cities is from New York to a French port and thence by rail to their destination in Italy, American vessels being available for the ocean travel involved, the fact that no American vessels were Cheeks that Bloom available for the all water route between New York City and Naples, Italy, furnishes no authority for the Many a woman’s beauty secret is a good cream and use of a vessel of foreign registry by the all water a saline laxative. route. December 21, 1931. For, the good that care and creams do the skin can¬ not he denied. But we also insist that true beauty— Transportation—Dependents of Foreign Service Of¬ clear complexions—healthy, fresh, and flawless ficers (A-40057) skins come from within as well as without. In view of the provision in the Foreign Service Act Lack of internal cleanliness stops many a woman of February 23, 1931, 46 Stat. 1210, authorizing the from having a good complexion. Physicians every payment of expenses of transportation of the immediate where testify to this. And so thoroughly do Euro¬ families of Foreign Service Officers when traveling to pean women believe in internal cleanliness that every and from the United States upon leaves of absence, season they visit the famous saline springs—Vichy, a Foreign Service Officer who married while in this Carlsbad, Wiesbaden—and there by drinking the country on a leave of absence may be reimbursed for health-giving waters, rid themselves of constipation the expense of transporting his wife upon return to his and find again their youth and beauty. duty station. 8 Comp. Gen. 178; 5 id. 175. January 2, 1932. Sal Hepatica is the practical equivalent of these natural saline spa waters. It cleanses the system Compensation—Retroactive increase—Foreign Service through flushing away poisons and wastes. Com¬ (A-40186) plexions are cleared and body and spirit rejuvenated. Where a Foreign Service officer is lawfully authori¬ See how this treatment can improve your complexion zed to act as charge d’affaires ad interim or to assume and restore your health. Get a bottle of Sal Hepatica, charge of a consulate general or a consulate during today. Sole! in all the principal cities of the world. the absence of the principal officer and such principal officer is retroactively promoted covering the period of such absence as authorized by sec. 14 of the act of May 24, 1924, as amended by the act of Feb. 23, 1931, 46 Stat. 1208, the officer in charge is entitled, under sec. 25 of the Foreign Service Act, 46 Stat. 1210, to have his compensation for the period in question adjusted upon the basis of the increased compensation so granted his superior officer. 1-16-32. Retirement—Foreign Service (A-40207) The provision in the act of February 23, 1931, 46 Stat. 1213, saving to Foreign Service officers appointed to a Bristol-Myers Co., 75 West Street, N. Y., U. S. A. 163 position in the Department of State the benefits of re¬ LETTERS tirement under the Foreign Service Retirement Act, (This column will be devoted each month to the publication, contemplates continuity of employment as a Foreign in whole or in part, of letters to the Editor from members of Service officer and in a position under the Department the Association on topics of general interest. Such letters are of Stae, and has no application to a Foreign Service to be regarded as expressing merely the personal opinion of the officer who resigns for personal reasons and after a writers and not necessarily the views of the JOURNAL, or of the lapse of eleven months is appointed to a position under Association.) the Department of State. January 27, 1932. [ED.—Apparently no one has felt recently the urge to write on some topic of general interest; Consul General Thomas H. Bevan, writing but this column can also be used as a Ouestion from Oslo, Norway, on February 4, said that for Box.] the first time in 50 years there is absolutely no snow in the vicinity of Oslo. It looked as if all the big skiiing events including the big Holmen- CONTENTS kollen Day, will have to be canceled this year, PAGE which will be a bitter disappointment to the Nor¬ THE SHAKESPEARE MEMORIAL THEATER, wegian public. The Norwegians have been com¬ STRATFORD ON AVON 125 plaining about the lack of snow at Lake Placid, N. Y., but strange as it may seem there is three FOLGER SHAKESPEARE LIBRARY, WASHING¬ TON, D. C 127 or four times as much snow there as there is in the Oslo district. FIFTY YEARS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE—By Miles M. Shand 129 PLAYING THE OTHER FELLOWS' GAME—By A LITTLE ADVERTISEMENT Capt. Charles D. Baylis, U. S. M. C., Re¬ The office had been unwise enough to spend tired 130 about a dollar on advertising for a clerk, so I MILES M. SHAND 138 went down to the leading newspaper office to get the required accounting forms signed. The girl OFFICE OF THE LEGAL ADVISER 139 at the cash desk took the money, but the forms THE SPRAGUES OF GIBRALTAR 143 frightened her, and she said I would have to wait DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHANGES 145 and see the Herr Director. In due course I was NEWS ITEMS FROM THE FIELD 146 shown into the office of the Herr Director, and NAPLES FOREIGN SERVICE LIBRARY 148 finding his knowledge of English inadequate, ex¬ plained as well as I could in his language that FOREIGN SERVICE CHANGES 150 my Government required these forms to be signed NATURALIZATION AND CITIZENSHIP OF MAR¬ in order to allow an expenditure for advertising. RIED WOMEN 152 It also required a sworn statement of his rates BIRTHS AND MARRIAGES 152 which had been drawn up on the appropriate form, IN MEMORIAM 153 and I asked him to sign and swear to this. He GEORGE WASHINGTON BICENTENNIAL 155 clearly thought I was slightly cracked, but decided to humor me, and signed and swore to the state¬ ABSTRACTS OF IMPORTANT DECISIONS OF ment of rates without reading it too carefully. COMPTROLLER GENERAL 163 Then he took the receipt, but before signing it he read the sentence just above the line for signa¬ ture—“I certify that the above account is cor¬ rect and just, and that payment therefor has not been received.” I saw him jump when he reached A Quiet Exclusive Hotel the word “not.” He read it again and struck the In New York's Social same difficulty. He read it a third time. Un¬ able to understand it, and clearly doubtful whether Centre

his knowledge of English was as great as he had THE LANG DON PATRONIZED BY MEMBERS OF THE thought, he started to question me, but pride van¬ 2 EAST 56'" ST quished his judgment, and he signed impatiently. NEW YORK AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE I thanked him and turned at the door to see the RATES: SINGLE $4.00, DOUBLE $5.00 puzzled look still on his face. He does not yet ALL ROOMS WITH BATH understand what he signed, and luckily he didn’t inquire, for neither do I. CABLE: LANGDON, NEW YORK B. M. IT. 164 **333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333333*? # 3&333&XOSf333335033£03£033£0333£03£03333333333333333333333333333333333333XX : && & & & & $$$ & & & & SOS && & & & & & & & 3JOJ£ & & & Xi && & & & 80S & &: Highzvays -RiverandHarborDevelopmentsBridges Bridge Piers-MineShaftsandTunnels Underpinning -FiltrationandSewagePlantsHydro-Electric Developments-PowerHouses Office Buildings-IndustrialPlantsWarehousesRailroads andTerminals-Foundations THE FOUNDATIONCOMPANY (FOREIGN) PITTSBURGH SANFRANCISCOMONTREALMEXICO CITYCARTAGENA POWER STATION ATLANTA CHICAGOLOSANGELESLONDONLIMA THE FOUNDATIONCOMPANY LONDON TOKYO ATHENS PARIS BRUSSELS SUPERSTRUCTURES SUBSTRUCTURES CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING BUILDERS OF AS WELL NEW YORK NEW YORK chintzes, theyarecharminginappearanceandprovide been newlydecorated;withtheirbrightandattractive rooms. Withinthepastfewmonthsroomshave the utmostincomfort. with itslargerooms,highceilingsandoutsidebath¬ THE WILLARD On FamousPennsylvaniaAve.atFourteenthandFSts. DIPLOMATIC ANDCONSULAR Unexcelled cuisineandserviceatverymoderateprices 25% discountonroomchargestomembersofthe Double RoomswithBath—$6andupward Single RoomswithBath—$4andupward Two BLOCKSFROMTHEWHITEHOUSE Main DiningRoomandCoffeeShop A lacarteandTabled’hotemeals FRANK S.HIGHT,President United StatesForeignService OFFICERS WILL ENJOY in IRRIGATION DAM 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3# 3 JK 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 * 3 3 3 3 3 3 3