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Abbreviations

Language

Abaz Abaza Da Danish Abkh Abkhaz Dar Dargwa Ady Adyghe Du Dutch Agh Aghul Akk Akkadian EBasq Basque () Alb Albanian (Tosk) Elfd Andi Andi Eng English AngRo Angloromani Est Estonian AnNo -Norman Etr Etruscan Arab Arabic Arm Armenian Far Faroese Ash Ashkun Finn Finnish Ass Assamese Fr French Ass Assyrian Fri Frisian Av Avestan Friu Friulian Avar Avar Azb Azerbaijani Gag Gagauz Gaulish Bal Baluchi Geo Georgian Basq Basque Ger German Bat Batsbi Ben Bengali Gil Gilaki BeRu Belorussian Gm Germanic (branch) Bes Beshta Goth Gothic Bhi Bhili Guj Gujarati BHS Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Bre Breton Hatt Hattic Bryth Brythonic Hin Hindi BSl Balto-Slavic (branch) Hitt Hittite Bud Budukh Hun Hungarian Bul Bulgarian Hurr Hurrian

Cat Catalan Ice Icelandic CBalt Common Baltic IE Indo-European (family) CCelt Common Celtic IIr Indo-Iranian (branch) CCirc Common Circassian Ing Ingush CeItIb Celtiberian Ir Irish CFin Common Finnic Italian CFU Common Finno-Ugric Chech Chechen Ka Kashmiri CIE Common Indo-European Kab Kabardian CIIr Common Indo-Iranian KarB Karachay-Balkar Cir Common Iranian Kartv Kartvelian (family) ClArm Classical Armenian Kat Kati ClGr Classical Greek Kaz Kazakh Co Cornish Khi Khinalug CoSl Common Slavic Cr Croatian Kho Khowar CRom Common Romance Khot Khotanese CrTat Crimean Tatar Khw Khwarshi Cscand Common Scandinavian Kon Konkani CSem Common Semitic Kryz Kryz CSl Common Slavic KuKur Kurdish (Kurmanji) CT Common Tocharian Kum Kumauni CTk Common Turkic Kumy Kumyk Cz Czech KuSor Kurdish (Sorani) https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110367416-205 x Abbreviations

Lad Ladin OIr Lah Lahnda OIt Old Italian Lak Lak OMar Old Marathi Lat ON Latv Latvian OPer Old Persian Laz Laz OPol Lez Lezgian OPor Old Portuguese LG OPro Old Provençal Lith Lithuanian OPru Old Prussian LLat Late Latin OR Oriya Luw Luwian ORu Old Russian Lyc Lycian OS Lyd Lydian Osc Oscan OSp Old Spanish Mai Maithili Oss Ossetian () Mald Maldivian OSw Manx Manx OTHeb Old Testament Hebrew Mar Marathi OTk Old Turkic Marw Marwari OWel MedLat Mess Messapian Pa Pali Mgr Megrelian PAAs Proto-Afro-Asiatic MHG PAlb Proto-Albanian MiBre Middle Breton Par Parachi MiCo Middle Cornish PArm Proto-Armenian MiDu Pas Pashto MiEng PBalt Proto-Baltic MiFr Middle French PBryth Proto-Brythonic MiGr Middle Greek PBSl Proto-Balto-Slavic MiIr PCelt Proto-Celtic MiWel Middle Welsh PGalRom Proto-Gallo-Romance MLat Medieval Latin PD Proto-Dagestanian MLG Per Persian MoArm Modern Armenian PFi Proto-Finnic MoGr Modern Greek PFU Proto-Finno-Ugric MPer PGm Proto-Germanic Phoe Phoenician Nep Nepali Phr Phrygian Norw Norwegian PIAr Proto-Indo-Aryan NorwB Norwegian (Bokmål) PIbRom Proto-Ibero-Romance NorwN Norwegian () PIE Proto-Indo-European NoSa Northern Saami PIIr Proto-Indo-Iranian OAw Old Awadhi PIr Proto-Iranian OBre Old Breton PItal Proto-Italic OCat Old Catalan Pkt Prakrit Occ Occitan PKv Proto-Kartvelian OChin Old Chinese PN Proto-Nakh OCo Old Cornish PNGm Proto-North-Germanic OCS Old Slavonic PNWC Proto-Northwest Caucasian OCz Old Czech Pol Polish ODan Old Danish Por Portuguese ODu Pras Prasun OGut Old Pro Provençal OE PRom Proto-Romance OFr PSl Proto-Slavic OFran Old PSSl Proto-South-Slavic OFri PT Proto-Tocharian OGeo Old Georgian PU Proto-Uralic OGuj Old Gujarati Pu Punjabi OHG PZ Proto-Zan abbreviations xi

Raj Rajasthani Sinh Sinhalese RoAr Romani (Arli) Skt Sanskrit RoBGur Romani (Banatiski Gurbet) Slo Slovene RoBu Romani (Bugurdži) Slovak Slovakian RoBur Romani (Burgenland) Sog Sogdian RoCr Romani (Crimean) Sp Spanish RoDol Romani (Dolenjski) StAr Standard Arabic RoEr Romani (Sofia Erli) Sw Swedish RoESl Romani (East Slovak) Sva Svan RoGu Romani (Gurvari) SwGer RoGur Romani (Gurbet) Syr Syriac RoHuV Romani (Hungarian ) RoKa Romani (Kale) TA Tocharian A RoKel Romani (Kelderash) Tab Tabasaran RoKoA Romani (Kosovo Arli) Taj Tajik RoLat Romani (Latvian) Tal Talysh RoLith Romani (Lithuanian) TB Tocharian RoLov Romani (Lovara) Thr Thracian Rom Romanian Tre Tregami Roma Romansh Tsakh Tsakhur RoMaA Romani (Macedonian Arli) Tur Turkish RoMDj Romani (Macedonian Džambazi) Turk Turkic (family) RoNR Romani (North Russian) Turkm Turkmen RoPr Romani (Prekmurski) Tuv Tuvan RoRo Romani (Romungro) RoSe Romani (Sepečides) Uby Ubykh RoSGu Romani (Sremski Gurbet) Udi Udi RoSi Romani (Sinte) Ugar Ugaritic RoUr Romani (Ursari) Ukr Ukrainian RoVe Romani (Veršend) Umbr Umbrian RoWe Romani (Welsh) Urdu Ru Russian USorb Rut Rutul Uygh Uyghur Uzb Uzbek SAlt Southern Altai Sard Sardinian VulL ScGae Scottish Gaelic SCr Serbo-Croatian Wai Waigali ScRo Scandoromani Wak Wakhi Scy Scythian Wall Walloon Sem Semitic (family) WBasq Basque (West) Ser Serbian Wel Welsh Shug Shughni Sic Sicilian Yag Yagnobi Sin Sindhi Yi xii Abbreviations

Grammar abbreviations

(listed glossings target grammatical categories not fund in Leipzig glossing rules) a alternans () (appendix) abl. ablative abs. absolutive acc. accusative AD adessive (glossing) adj (appendix) all. allative ALLOC allocutive agreement (glossing) anim. animated c common gender (appendix) com. comitative dat. dative erg. ergative f feminine (appendix) gen. genitive infl inflected form (appendix) instr. instrumental loc. locative m masculine (appendix) MPASS middle-passive (glossing) n neuter (appendix) nom. nominative nt. neuter obl. oblique perl. perlative pl (appendix) pl. plural ppart (appendix) s substantive (appendix) sg singular (appendix) sg. singular vn verbal (appendix) voc. vocative Other abbreviations and symbols xiii

Other abbreviations and symbols

< derived from, inherited from ← borrowed from b. big c. certain coll. collective comp. compound der. derivation dim. diminutive esp. especially etym. f. female gen. generic l. large lit. literary m. male migr. migration word orig. originally pl. plural ref. reference s. small sing. singular spe. specific sth. something substr. substrate symb. symbolic uct. uncertain . wild . young