June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19061

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS THE NATION'S FREIGHT CAR the years. But it has grown more severe in On Jan. 1, 1959, American railroads had SHORTAGE NEEDS LEGISLATION recent years. Not only does it affect our 674,792 such boxcars; by Jan. 1 this year, TO SOLVE CHRONIC PROBLEM Western grain farmers and lumber shippers, this total had dropped to 386,499. or these but it also affects the coal industry in the boxcars, the total of narrow-door boxcars East, the lumber industry, almost every in­ suitable for grain hauling had declined to dustry in every region in the country. 180,574 as of terminals-increased from 58,- HON. MARK 0. HATFIELD I think it is clear that the time is ripe for 383 on Jan. 1, 1959, to 125,867 on Jan. 1, OF OREGON legislative action. The freight car shortages 1970. However, these hopper cars are used are of major concern to many of the nation's for many purposes other than the transporta­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES shippers. Further, we must keep in mind the tion of grain and similarly-handled agricul­ Wednesday, June 9, 1971 weakened condition of the rail industry itself. tural products. They have by no means met A creative solution to the freight car short­ the current needs of the grain industry. Mr. HATFIELD. Mr. President, I need age wlll not only aid shippers, but it will In addition to the shortage of ordinary not repeat today what I have said be­ also help the beleaguered railroads. boxcars, there is also a critical shortage of fore in this Chamber about the effects This Subcommittee intends to conduct a mechanical refrigerated cars for the move­ on the commerce of this country caused thorough analysis of the problem and will ment of perishable agricultural products. by shortages in freight car supplies. attempt to develop a solution to it. We will While the boxcar shortage has grown in­ The recent rail strike--brief as it have two days of hearings, today and Friday creasingly acute since 1959, the population was-demonstrated in dramatic terms this week. I expect that we will have several of the United States has increased by more more days not yet scheduled before we are than 27 million persons. The need for ade­ the effect on many segments of our econ­ finished. The bills before us shoUld provide quate movement of the basic agricultural omy that a nationwide shutdown by our a good starting point for our work. We hope raw materials into the food production areas rail transportation has. I would note to improve upon them before we are finished of our Nation increases dally. that, when a shipper cannot get freight and we look forward to the comments of Complicating matters even more are two cars to ship his product to market, the our witnesses to help us in this regard. strictly agricultural problems. One is the effect is just the same as it is when there Today, I will not go into detail in support matter of greatly increased crop volumes is a rail strike: if it is fresh produce, of the various bills before our Subcommittee, which must be moved and the particularly he may lose his entire crop in both but as a member of this Special Subcommit­ sharp increase in fall-harvested crops. tee I do want to highlight the problem as Wheat production during the 1950-70 pe­ cases. it relates to my own State of Oregon where riod has expanded from around 1 billion I believe the Commerce Committee we ship twice as many goods out of the State bushels annually to about 1Y2 billion; corn will give careful examination to legisla­ as we import. production has grown from around 3.8 bil­ tion this session to help solve this chronic Oregon shippers need empty cars for our lion bushels to around 4.5 billion; grain problem. As a member of both the full goods to travel to markets in other states. sorghum from 555 million bushels to more committee and its Special Subcommittee Probably the best known of the areas where than 700 million; and soybean production on Freight Car Shortages, I will work the shortage plagues Oregon businesses are has nearly doubled-to the point where it for a solution. in the forest products area and in agricul­ now exceeds 1 billion bushels annually. Fur­ I chaired the first day of the recent ture. I could count off numerous occurrences thermore, the percentage of the corn and with friends of mine in the lumber industry grain sorghum crops movekind for institutions. merited most serious consideration. a three year period. True progress comes by education, self­ discipline and voluntary cooperation-not by Serious study was made of proposal by the Several major advances will be taken dur­ American Action Committee, consisting o:t ing 1972. coercion. Edward Papantonio, o:t the Veterans of For­ First, a special Oper:ation "M" news letter Ab111ty and power involve the ::>bl ~ gation to serve fellowman, not the right to exploit. eign wars, Dr. Karol Sitko, of the German­ w1ll be initiated. The Operation "M" news­ This way of life must be preserved and American Heritage Group Conference, and letter will give leaders up-to-date informa­ extended by alert and zealous citizens dedi­ Donald L. Miller, editor o:t "Freedom's Facts," tion on what participating organizations are cated to the Western civ111zation viewpoint. and Terence Fitzpatrick, of the Fraternal Or- doing in respect to the project and to the June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19065 project's two parallel activities: ( 1) educa­ Jennings Flathers, National Education As­ Georgians, Germans, Greeks, Hungarians, In­ tion and (2) fund raising. sociation, Treasurer. dians, Jews, Kalmyks, Karelians, Kazakhs, The educational activities will be carried Mark Kinsey, Conference Director. Kirgiz, Koreans, Laotians, Latvians, Lithu­ out by each of the participating organiza­ PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATIONS anians, Moldavians, Polish, Rumanians, tions and groups both within the group itself Russians, Serbs, Slovaks, Slovene, Tajiks, and also directed to the general public. Its Army and Navy Union, USA. Tartars, Tibetans, Thais, Turks, Ukrainians, main thrust wlll be to explain the nature of Association of Oldest Inhabitants. Uzbeks, Vietnamese and Yakuts-must act Communist expansionism and aggression, the American Latvian Association. now! You understand and have experienced Commundst system of ideas and values of American Legion. the dev111sh work of the enemies of free Ufe or liberty, and the character and pur­ American Legion Auxiliary. society. poses of the victims of Communism. American War Dads. (d) At your up-coming national conven­ The educa,tional activities may include American War Dads Auxiliary. tions and at the national convention of all lectures, speeches, magazine articles, book­ American War Mothers. heritage groups, your program should in­ lets, leaflets, books, seminars, mUles, march­ AMVETS. clude resolutions endorsing the work of the res, demonstrations, letter and petition cam­ AMVETS Auxiliary. administration and the law enforcement -paigns, and specia.l events such as national­ Benevolent & Protective Order of Elks. agencies. Let all senators and congressmen ity days, tours, and festivals. Catholic War Veterns of the U.S.A. know that Heritage America will no longer Fund raising events and devices will in­ Catholic War Veterans Auxiliary. tolerate permissiveness and the destruction dude petition sign ups, literature sales, spe­ Croatian Catholic Union. of the moral fiber of our youth and society. cial qulzes and questionnaires, button and Disabled American Veterans. (e) Those, who have their sons and daugh­ bumper sticker sales and the like. The Op­ Disabled American Veterans Auxiliary. ters attending institutions of higher learn­ -eration "M" newsletter wm list participating Fraternal Order of Eagles. ing, should involve themselves in a program organizations and percentages of quotas Freedoms Foundation. to control those professors and administra­ reached; exceptional fund raisers will be rec­ General Federation of Womens Clubs. tors who intentionally promote the drug

nist conspiracy is fixed and unchanging: the laws as a means Qf gaining coercive control Be it further resolved, That-It is the sense· destruction and death of individual over those who oppose communist goals. of the COngress that a monument be erected Freedom. Discredit the family as an institution. En­ in the city of Washington, D.C., our nation's Along the way, the communists have many courage promiscuity and easy divorce. Em­ capital, as a suitable memorial to all victims intermediate goals. Continually being re­ phasize the need to bring up children away of international Communist crimes against. vised, these intermediate goals are steps from the "negative influence" of parents. humanity. toward the ultimate objective. Many of them Lend credence to the lie that violence and can be stated in plain terms. Here are some insurrection are natural phenomena of the of the current intermediate goals: American way of life. SECRECY IN LAOS Bring about acceptance by the United Overthrow all colonial governments in the States of the Soviet policy of "co-existence" world before native populations are ready as the only alternative to nuclear warfare. for self-government. HON. JEROME R. WALDIE Soften Americans into a willingness to OF CALIFORNIA surrender--even though it may be called RESOLUTION IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES something else-in preference to self pro­ Creating a select committee to conduct an tection. investigation into all crimes against human­ Wednesday, June 9, 1971 Develop the fatal illusion that total dis­ ity perpetrated by Communists or under armament by the United States would be a Commu:g,ist direction, and to express the Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, I have re­ great demonstration of moral strength. sense of Congress that a monument be erec­ cently returned from a trip to Southeast Develop free trade among all nations re­ ted as a suitable memorial to all victims of Asia with Congressman McCLosKEY gardless of communist affiliations, and Communist actions. and while there I was made acutely destroy barriers to trading of military wares. Whereas, The United States of America has a ware of the shroud of secrecy covering­ Extend long-term loans to Russia and its an abiding commitment to the principles of U.S. operations in Laos. satellites. freedom, personal liberty, and human dig­ We were denied access to one of the· Bring about American economic aid to all nity, and holds it as a fundamental pur­ nations including those dominated by com­ places we wished to see and had a dim­ pose to recognize and encourage constructive cult time obtaining information on many munists. actions which foster the growth a.Ild develop­ Grant diplomatic recognition to Red China ment of national independence and freedom, phases of U.S. activities there. and admit it to the U.N. and I thoroughly protest this secrecy. The Set up East and West Germany as separate Whereas, the interll6tional COmmunist American people, after years of decep­ states. movement toward a world empire has from tion, deserve to know exactly what mili­ Promote the United Nations as the only its beginning adopted the means of terror­ tary role we are playing in Laos. The hope for mankind. If the charter is rewrit­ ism, assassination, and mass murder as of­ U.S. Congress must know to what pur­ ten, demand that it be set up as a one world ficial policies to apply when their application government with its own independent, pose we are committing funds and men .. advances the Communist cause of world We can no longer be led blindly to a. supranational armed force-in line with the domination, and communist desire to take over the world Whereas, there is considerable evidence tragedy such as Vietnam. through the U.N. that COmmunists in the Soviet Union and A very excellent analysis of this sit­ Resist all efforts to outlaw the Communist in other countries have deliberately caused uation appeared on June 7 in the Eve­ Party, U.S.A. . the death of millions of individuals in Rus­ ning Star in an article by Tammy Do away with all loyalty oaths. sia, Ukraine, Mainland China, Poland, Es­ Arbuckle: Protect Soviet Russia's ready access to the tonia, Korea, Vietnam, and Cuba, and other U.S. Patent Otllce. UNITED STATES SEEKS TO HIDE SCOPE OF ITS Captive Nations, and ROLE IN LAOS Exploit technical decisions of the courts to Whereas, thousands of survivors and refu­ weaken basic American institutions. gees from Communist campaigns of terror­ (By Tammy Arbuckle) Use schools as transmission belts for so­ ism and mass liquidation have been forced VIENTL.. NE.-American officials ,admit the cialism, insert the Party line in textbooks, to flee to the United States as refugees to U.S. mission in Laos is deliberately hiding and gain control of teachers' associations. find the freedom and dignity denied to them the extent of American military involve­ Incite student riots and demonstrations ment here. to stir up public protests against anti-com­ by Communist regimes and have become pro­ ductive citizens of the United States, and "Americans may think they know what munist programs and organizations. we are doing here," one official said in re­ Infiltrate the press, gain control of book Whereas, it is fitting that the full facts of Communist terrorism in all of its various ferring to frequent press reports on U.S. review assignments, editorial writing, and activities in Laos. "but we do not want policy-making positions. forms including assassination and mass mur­ der be made manifest to aU the peoples of Americans to look into their television sets Gain control of key positions in the radio, and be able to see Americans going into ac­ television, and motion picture industries. the world so that such policies can be prop­ erly understOOd and condemned by all man• tion in Laos." Discredit American culture by degrading The official made his remark in a com­ all forms of native artistic expression; seek kind toward the purpose of eradicating such policies from the body of mankind: Now, plaint about an American Broadcasting control of art critics and art museum direc­ threrefore, be it Corp. team led by Ted Koppel which tried tors. to film Americans getting into a helicopter Eliminiate all laws governing obscenity by Resolved, ThB~t--(1) The Speaker of the House shall within fourteen days hereafter in the south Laos combat area two weeks smearing them as "censorship" and a vio­ ago. lation of the rights of free speech and a free appoint a special committee of twelve Mem­ bers of the House, equally divided between "What we are doing here in Laos is totally press. inconsistent with our kind of society," a Break down cultural standards of morality the majority and minority parties, and shall designate one Member to serve as chairman, top U.S. diplomat here told a correspondent by promoting-especially among young peo­ recently. "We are fighting a war by covert ple--pornography and obscenity in books, which special committee shall proceed to in­ vestigate all crimes against humanity perpe­ means and an open society can't tolerate magazines, motion pictures, radio and TV. that." Infiltrate the churches, discredit the Bible trated under Communist direction. The spe­ cial committee shall report to the House the The diplomat explained that the U.S. was and emphasize the need for "intellectual (l"esults of its investigation, together with its breaking the Geneva peace accords in Laos morality" which does not need a "religious recommendations not later than one year and "we don't want to advertise it." crutch." following the appointment of its full mem­ The same officials feels the embassy's pol­ Eliminate prayer or any religious expres­ bership by the Speaker. icy of secrecy has been successful in not sion in the schools on the ground that it vio­ (2) For the purpose of carrying out this advertising U.S. infringements of the ac­ lates the constitutional principle of separa­ resolution, the committee, or any subcom­ cords. tion of church and state. mittee thereof, is authorized to sit and act • • • frankly discuss the U.S. role in Laos, Discredit the U.S. Constitution by labeling during the present Congress at such times but a close look at just what is being hidden it as inadequate, old-fashioned, and a hin­ and such places within the United States, and how it is being hidden refutes this claim. drance to cooperation between nations. whether the House is sitting, has recessed, or An example of this is U.S. air activities Discredit the Founding Fathers, and dis­ has adjourned to hold such hearings, and to over northern Laos and parts of Laos other courage the teaching of American history on require by subpoena or otherwise, the attend­ than the Ho Chi Minh Trail area the ground that it was only a minor part of ance and testimony of such witnesses and These activities-anything from 60 to 300 the "big picture." the production of such 'books, rE;cords, cor­ sorties a day-are described in Saigon com­ Support any totalitarian movement tend­ respondence, memorandums, papers, and muniques, telling of attacks on the Trail as ing toward centralized control over any part documents as it deems necessary. Sub­ "in addition U.S. Air Force aircraft tl.ew com­ of U.S. life. poenas may be issued under the signature bat support missions in Laos for royal Lao­ Transfer powers of arrest from police to of the chairman of the committee or any tian forces." social agencies and treat all problems of be­ member of the committee designated by him, There is no further information, such as havior as psychiatric disorders. Dominate the and may be served by any person designated the numbers of sorties, the nature of the psychiatric profession, using mental health by such chairman or member. targets, the results, etc. June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19067 In Vientiane, the air attache's office in indicating the overwhelming faith charge of preparing these strikes refuses which the American people have in the Early October 1970 even to speak to correspondents. United Nations. No A favorite tactic in Saigon is to refer a Favor Oppose opinion correspondent to Vientiane for information. In response to the first question In Vientiane, Americans suggest a corre­ "Would you like to see the United Na­ spondent should go to Saigon for informa­ tions become a stronger organization?" Occupation: P-rofessional and tion. an overwhelming 84 percent of all Amer­ business______62 31 7 To claim that such information is with­ ican say "Yes" while only 8 percent White collar______65 25 10 held for national or m111tary security reasons "No" with 8 percent having no opinion. Farmers______52 28 20 is somewhat ridiculous. ManuaL______69 18 13 On the second question "It has been Age: Obviously, the North Vietnamese or Pathet suggested that the United Nations es­ 21 to 29 years ______60 28 12 Laos know the strike was made. It's difficult 30 to 49 years______68 21 11 to see how the number of sorties and their tablish a peacekeeping army of about 50 and over______62 21 17 cost could help the enemy. 100,000 men." a very significant 64 per­ Religion: Protestant______61 23 16 Information on targets and strikes is given cent of all Americans are in favor while Catholic______68 20 12 in South Vietnam after operations. Why not 22 percent oppose such an army with 14 Jewish ______on Laos? percent having no opinion. Politics : The only answer to this seems to be that Republican______58 27 15 These two polls indicate that the time Democrat______68 19 13 President Nixon, despite his promise in Independent______64 25 11 forei~ March 1970 to "continue to give the Ameri­ has come for American policy to Region: can people the fullest possible information" move vigorously in the direction of East______67 19 14 Midwest______60 24 16 on the U.S. role in Laos, does not wish the strengthening the United Nations. South______65 21 14 public to realize just how large U.S. air sup­ West______62 28 10 UNITED NATIONS port of the Laos government is dally and that Income: air strikes are not limited to the Ho Chi $15,000 and over______68 25 7 QUESTION: WOULD YOU LIKE TO SEE THE UNITED NATIONS $10,000 to $14,999______64 27 9 Minh Trail. BECOME A STRONGER ORGANIZATION? $7,000 to $9,999______64 26 10 Then there is the matter of the U.S. ground $5,000 to $6,9!19______66 18 16 involvement in Laos. [In percent) $3,000to$4,999______66 18 16 There can be no doubt this includes a com­ Under $3,000 ______67 11 22 bat ground involvement by personnel hired Early October 1970 Community size: by the Central Intelligence Agency. 1,000,000 and over______66 20 14 Yes No No opinion 500,000 to 999,999______62 25 13 Laotians and Meos talk constantly of 50,000 to 499,999______71 18 11 American "commando leaders" based at Pak­ 2,500te49,999______62 27 11 kao, a few miles southeast of the U.S. base NationaL ______84 8 8 Under 2,500 ruraL_____ 58 24 18 a.t Long Cheng in northeast Laos. Sex: Besides these "commando leaders," there Men. ______87 9 4 1 Reproduced with the permission of the Gallup Poll are CIA case officers hired by the agency Women------82 6 12 from the U.S. m111tary who run Lao and Race: other ethnic guerrllla units as well as Thai White______85 7 8 Nonwhite ______77 10 13 units. Education: This operation has put the U.S. in the College______85 13 2 HELP VIETNAM VETS RECEIVE position of being responsible for the defense High school______87 5 8 EMPLOYMENT of Laos through what is supposed to be a Grade schooL______77 7 16 Occupation: U.S. intelligence gathering agency. Professional and These guerrllla units are stationed in front Business______81 13 6 HON. EDWARD J. PATTEN of royal Lao regular troops and the brunt White collar______90 6 4 Farmers______71 12 17 OF NEW JERSEY of combat with North Vietnamese regulars. ManuaL ______87 6 7 The Lao military, whose understanding of Age: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES guerrilla warfare is limited, berate the CIA 21 to 29 years______86 8 6 Wednesday, June 9, 1971 when these units retreat from positions un­ 30to49years ______86 8 6 der shellfire, or let North Vietnamese through 50 and over______82 7 11 Religion: Mr. PA'ITEN. Mr. Speaker, I have to attack regular Lao units. Protestant______83 8 been impressed and deeply concerned by Catholic______84 7 9 The high ethnic casualties are being re­ Jewish ______the reports of the Manpower Administra­ placed by Thai regular troops who are fight­ tion people that last year 2 million ing in the Laotian mountains. Politics: ¥2 Republican______83 9 8 veterans returning from Vietnam applied The U.S. Embassy does its utmost to pre­ Democrat______87 5 8 vent correspondents getting to areas of Laos Independent______82 11 7 for jobs, but only 800,000 have been where American-led guerrllla units operate. Region: placed. East______85 8 7 Correspondents are refused permission to Midwest______86 5 9 I want to call to the attention of the fly on U.S. atrcraft to these areas, which is South______81 8 11 Members of Congress what I think is an the only means of getting there unless one West______85 9 6 area where our help is needed. This is wants to risk a 5 or 10-day walk through ter­ Income: $15,000 and over______89 7 4 one of our foremost issues. I urge all ritory mined and patrolled by Communist $10,000 to $14,999 __ _ _ _ 86 9 5 Members to go back home to their dis­ Guerrlllas. $7,000 to $9,999 ______85 8 7 While reporters are not allowed on the S5,000 to $6,999______83 6 11 tricts and form committees to do a job planes, Laotian civilians with official status $3,0LO to $4,999______75 9 16 and help these veterans get work. Under $3,000 ______83 3 14 RECORD are. Community size: I am pleased to put in the an "National security" is invoked agains.t cor­ 1,000,000andover______85 8 7 editorial from the News Tribune of respondents wanting to go to Long Cheng 500,000to999,999______84 7 9 Woodbridge, N.J., which makes this point 50,000 to 499,999 _____ : _ 89 5 6 even though there are at least 20,000 Asian 2,500 to 49,999 ______82 10 8 very well. We must make an all-out ef­ civilians living there. And anyone from Vien­ Under 2,500, rural______80 8 12 fort to help these young men get back on tiane who has a relative or friend at Long Cheng can visit. their feet, and I know that our support of local endeavors will go a long way in U.S. officials also refuse to discuss Ameri­ QUESTION: IT HAS BEEN SUGGESTED THAT THE UNITED can casualties in Laos (currently 700 dead NATIONS ESTABLISH A PEACEKEEPING ARMY OF ABOUT making them a success. and missing) or how much is spent for the 100,000 MEN. DO YOU FAVOR OR OPPOSE SUCH A PLAN? The editorial is as follows: defense of Laos (about $2 billion annually). EFFORT TO HELP VmTNAM VETERANS Early October 1970 Nearly two out of three recently returned No Vietnam veterans "in Middlesex County are Favor Oppose opinion unemployed, the Veterans Alliance of Wood­ GALLUP POLL SHOWS STRONG bridge has reported. FAITH IN UNITED NATIONS National______The alliance, a coalition of 13 veterans' 64 22 14 organizations headed by Herbert Blitch, has Sex : embarked on a program in 'Cooperation with HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN Men ______68 23 9 the Rouse Co., developers of Woodbridge OF MASSACHUSETTS Women _____ ------___ 60 12 19 Center, to provide employment opportunities Race : IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES White ______64 23 13 !or these veterans. Nonwhite ______Wednesday, June 9, 1971 62 17 21 About 100 Middlesex County servicemen Education: are being discharged every week, Blitch notes, Mr. DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, I attach 61 33 6 and the unemployment rate is about 65 oer = 67 20 13 herewith a most important Gallup Poll Grade~?~~~~hooi schooL~ ~== __ _= =______= = = = = _ 60 17 23 cent. 19068 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971

"A lot of veterans are just wandering This development has been accepted all PASTORAL LETTER ISSUED BY THE around," he added. "They feel they're not along as simply inevitable, because of a wanted." changing economy, from agrarian to indus­ CATHOLIC BISHOPS OF THE BOS­ Blitch cited two factors that operate trial. We pushed f·or efficiency, greater farm TON PROVINCE, MAY 7, 1971 against these veterans: First, they are com­ productivity by less people (production per ing out of an unpopular war, and, second, man is 5 times what it was 30 years ago) they are being discharged at a time when the and huge industrial complexes to facilitate HON. LOUISE DAY HICKS economy is undergoing a general slump. massive production. Now we are faced with OF MASSACHUSETTS Eventually, Blitch declared, the Veterans the consequences: catastrophic "people prob­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Alliance hopes to involve businesses and in­ lems." dustries throughout Middlesex County in Because not enough people (or the right Wednesday, June 9, 1971 the employment program. people) saw clearly and early enough what Mrs. HICKS of Massachusetts. Mr. The Veterans Alliance and the Rouse Com­ was happening the problems on either end Speaker, I share with my colleagues a pany have undertaken a needed and valuable of the population distribution scale have community service in behalf of men who have reached the crisis level in many ways. Our very timely and pertinent pastoral letter, risked their lives in the call of duty to their cities, insolvent and unmanageable, infected in which the provincial bishops of the nation. With pollution, garbage, ghettos, intolerance, archdiocese of Boston join with Arch­ It is unfortunate that the returning vet­ crime, and about every other social ill known bishop Humberto S. Madeiros, on a mat­ erans face the problem of employment but to mankind, are barely staving off the last ter which is uppermost in the minds of they and the community at large can be rites of extinction. Rural America, for as Americans today: grateful that civic-minded organizations di1ficult as things had become before its sons and business interests are working to ease and daughters left for the city, now lacks PASTORAL LETTER their plight. the human resources needed to develop a Dearly Beloved in Christ: One of the cen­ diversified local economy and a progressive tral moral problems facing our nation today community life. is the war in Vietnam. We share the deep REVITALIZING RURAL COMMUNI­ Because of the magnitude of the problems, concern of millions of our fellow Americans TIES now direct intervention by the major sources over this prolonged conflict and the an­ of power, particularly government and in­ guishing questions of conscience which it dustry, is necessary. We no longer can simply has provoked. With them, we too search for HON. JOHN M. ZWACH collect the data. Compiling statistics won't answers as we acknowledge the complexity of the moral and political issues involved OF MINNESOTA solve the problem. A bill submitted to the U.S. Senate a few in the waging of this war both for individual IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES weeks ago to revitalize rural America is one citizens and for those in public o1fice. Yet Wednesday, June 9, 1971 of many legislative measures presented to we must not allow complexity to deter us deal With our distressing situation. It is par­ from addressing ourselves, as shepherds of Mr. ZWACH. Mr. Speaker, in the vast ticularly welcome because it asks for the the flock, to this grave national crisis nor, heartland of America the people are not adoption and implementation of a national in the light of our ethical tradition and happy. Dying small towns, abandoned policy. It does not recommend study or.draw­ teachings, can we be deterred from attempt­ farms, and boarded up store fronts are ing board solutions, but substantive pro­ ing to provide guidance for the formation grim reminders of the population shift grams of action. Legislation to ban conglom­ of the conscience of our people. erate corporate farming is an example of We draw from our tradition two principles from the countryside to the overcrowded what is being done on the state level. for analyzing the morality of the war. The cities. Of course, what must be looked for are first prohibits the direct killing of non­ I have long held that farm prices at ways to decentralize our population. But to combatants; the second seeks to evaluate 100 percent of parity would keep our bring about small town development diversi­ the total effect of a nation's policy even in people on the farms and cure most of fication of employment is necessary. A single the pursuit of a just cause. This latter is the problems of the countryside and the source of economy (such as farming alone) , known as the principle of proportionality in cities, but in addition to fair prices, we in a community is wha.t contributed. to the judging the justice of a war. need diversification of opportunity in rural stagnation. Without diversification in We are painrfully aware that peace is employment opportunities people leave. our rural areas. threatened in places other than Vietnam. The There are examples right here in central scourge of war a1fi1ots the M1ddle East, Pak­ Rev. William Vos, writing in the St. Minnesota where we have communities with istan and other areas of the globe. We a.re Cloud Sunday Visitor, in our Minnesota some vision and enterprise which have pro­ vitally concerned about these confl.i.cts and Sixth Congressional District, recently moted jobs and opportunities leading to our country's relationship to them because wrote a column on this subject which I healthy growth and revitalization. Once a they too threaten or destroy t'he peace which share with my colleagues by inserting it start is made, even with a small industry is a precondition of human development. in the RECORD: and payroll, a chain reaction resulting in Yet Vietnam is our specific concern in this improvements and growth takes place. letter because our nation is more directly REVITALIZING RURAL COMMUNITIES Whatever the means, it is absolutely clear involved in the Indo-China conflict. To be If you are over 25 years old you have lived that the time to do something about urban­ sure, we are not the only party wreaking through a momentous event: one of the larg­ rural disparities is now. devastation in Vietnam. Our adversaries bear est movements of people ln recorded history. substantial responsibility for the death and Since 1945, 25 million Americans (a net fig­ destruction visited on South-East Asia. I:! ure) have migrated from farms and rural F ASCELL CALLS ATTENTION TO we concentrate on American policy in this communities to a large metropolitan cen­ PRISONERS OF WAR letter, it is not because we a.re oblivious to ters. Statistics on this huge population shift the well known wanton and immoral disre­ abound and have become so well-known that gard for innocent lives and prisoners of war they now simply confirm the obvious. HON. DANTE B. FASCELL shown by the other side. Obviously, we can­ To hear that 70% of our populations now OF FLORmA not allow their actions to become the norm lives on only 2% of our land doesn't surprise IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by which we judge the mora.llty of our own. anyone. We know in a general sort of way Our primary moral concern in the matter that our population has gone from 75% Wednesday, June 9, 1971 art; hand, as Bishops, is for the consequences rural to 75% urban in just one hundred Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I rise to­ of American policy in Vietnam. We do not years. question the sincerity of the motives of our day to call to the attention of our col­ Perhaps we are more impressed by personal elooted o1ficia.ls, but 1:f the evidence we see observations of this change in the American leagues that this date marks the 7th and hear is accura.te, we a.re constrained by scene. A casual Sunday drive through Stearns year and 75th day of the imprisonment consicence to question the wisdom and mor­ county shows us what has been happening. of the first American POW by the North ality of at least some aspoots of our policy. Dying small towns, abandoned farm homes, Vietnamese. X. NONCOMBATANT :IMMUNITY only a handful of 20 to 30 year olds at Sun­ The cruel disregard by the North Viet­ day Mass in a country church conveys the It 1s the means of our policy, its strategy message. Or, on the other hand, to approach namese of the Geneva Convention on the and tactics, which primarily concern us in Chicago by car is to directly encounter the humane treatment of prisoners of war, this letter. These means include the use of etiects on the other end of the movement. including restrictions on mail and denial massive conventional wlr power pursued in First we pass cluster after cluster of subur­ of inspection of facilities by impartial in­ conjunotion with the doo1.Ja.mtion of "free fire ban dwelUngs built in the last few years to ternational organizations, should be a zones" which has resulted in the thousands accommodate thousands of migrating Ameri­ constant source of concern to all of us. of civ111an casualties reported in the press and thrOugh the testimony o! cert:a.in gov­ cans at a time. Then we hit the high-rise We must continue to bring the atten­ apartments put up to handle even more peo­ ernment o1ficials. On the ground, s.im.llar trag­ ple in less space. Finally, the tenements tion of the world to the plight of these edies have resulted from practices of search where unbelievable living conditions do not brave men so that the weight of world and destroy, and from harassment and in­ atiord the majority of inner-city dwellers the opinion may be brought to bear on North terdiction fire, which in spite of la.udiable generally accepted basic necessities. Vietnam. intentions to limit civilian casualties have June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19069

nevertheless brought injury and death to edy which as come into th~ lives of those that justice which alone can bring true and many thousands of innocent victims and un­ whose loved ones have been killed, maimed, lasting peace." told suffering to millions of refugees in Indo­ or Imprisoned, but also of the deep divisions, Most Rev. Humberto S. Medeiros, Arch­ Oh.ina. turmoll and confusion which this war has bishop of Boston; Most Rev. Joseph If these policies have in fact caused the provoked throughout our land. We speak too Tawil, D.D., Melkite Apostolic Exar­ civilian deaths reported, then we must sadly of the grave problems of conscience which it ch.a.te; Most Rev. Christopher J. Well­ but resolutely affirm that they violate the presents for sincere men and women and don, Bishop of Springfield; Most Rev. principle of civilian immunity from direct especially for so many of our youth. Ameri­ Bernard J. Flanagan, Bishop of Worces­ and indiscriminate attack and therefore cans have turned against Americans in a de­ ter; Most Rev. Robert F. Joyce, Bishop merit the severest moral censure. gree seldom witnessed in our history as a of Burllngton; Most Rev. Ernest J. nation. Too many billions of dollars which Primeau, Bishop of Manchester; Most II. VIETNAMIZATION might have been used to relieve poverty and Rev. Peter L. Gerety, Bishop of Port­ We are also extremely apprehensive from promote domestic programs of social need land; Most Rev. Daniel A. Cronin, a moral viewpoint about the announced have already been a.lloted to this war. Bishop of Fall River; Most Rev. Jere­ policy of Vietnamization. Wlll it bring peace We realize the difficulties involved in es­ Iniah F. Minihan, Auxiliary Bishop of to Vietnam? Does it mean a decreasing role tablishing the conditions for an orderly Boston; Most Rev. Thomas J. Riley, for American combat forces, but an increas­ withdrawal of our military forces and for a Aux111ary Bishop of Boston; Most Rev. ing mechanization of the war through the peaceful political settlement in Vietnam. We James J. Gerrard, Auxiliary Bishop of use of American technology and tactical air have a moral and political obllgation to pro­ Fall River; Most Rev. Timothy J. Har­ support? The policy to continue the speedy tect those who have been our friends and rington; Auxma.ry Bishop of Worces­ Withdrawal of our troops we eagerly encour­ allies from savage reprisals. We recognize ter; Most Rev. Edward C. O'Leary, age and command. But the possib111ty of in­ that the setting of an exact date for the Auxiliary Bishop of Portland; and creased mechanization of the war is fraught withdrawal of all our forces is a complex di­ MO§t Rev. James L. Connolly, Retired With troubllng moral consequences. It is pre­ plomatic and strategic issue. Nevertheless, Bisbop of Fall River. cisely this form of American involvement we urge that the most rapid possible ter­ which has apparently resulted In the already mination of the war and the esta.bllshment great number of civllian casualties and ref­ of peace in Vietnam be given the highest ugees. priority by our government. We are, therefore, greatly disturbed by the WHAT BALANCED TRANSPORTA­ announced proposal to place no limits on the­ IV. PROBING QUESTIONS TION IS ALL ABOUT use of our air power In the Vletnamization The main theme of this letter has been program, wl th the sole exception of the em­ the moral responsibility we bear as a peo­ ployment of nuclear weapons. The decllning ple in the face of the Vietnam War. We have number of our American casualties, which tried to raise questions and indicate prin­ HON. JACK H. McDONALD will come with withdrawal of our combat ciples which would help ourselves and others OF MICHIGAN forces, may easlly dull our moral sensibillty think through our personal responsibillty as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to the tragedy of intensified human and ma­ citizens, soldiers or public officials in this terial destruction In a far off land. We com­ conflict. Wednesday, June 9, 1971 mend the diligent persistent efforts to save A people cannot be responsible for the ac­ Mr. McDONALD of Michigan. Mr. American llves, but we must In conscience tions of individual soldiers, but in a democ­ Speaker, the wheels of industry, in this criticize the ethical valldity of any doctrine, racy the people must ultimately accept po­ attitude or policy Which seems to give Amer­ litical and moral responsibility for the pold­ Nation at least, turn on rubber tires. Our Ican llves an Intrinsic superiority over those cies and a.ot.dons of their government. transportation net is the most efficient of other people. Every human llfe, regardless We cannot disregard the principle of per­ on the globe and it is so by design, not of na.tlonallty, color or ideology is sacred and sonal responsibility and thereby approve and by accident. The commerce which gen­ its defense and protection must be of deep allow in war actions which we would con­ erates more than $1 trillion every year concern to us. For these reasons, therefore, demn in peace time. owes its success to the fact that people moral respons1b1lity demands from us that The mom! questions which emerge from and goods come together through a myr­ we appraise both the goals of Vietnamization the war should also make us conscious of iad of transportation channels in one and the means we use to achieve them. the broader question of the moral climate gigantic marketplace. m. PROPORTIONALITY of our nation. Are not the moral ravages brought to light by our policy in Vietnam There has been much discussion lately Three years ago, we joined the Bishops of traceable in part at least to a disregard of about the need for a balanced transpor­ the United States in the publlca.tion of a the principles of morality in other areas of tation system, however, a wealth of dis­ collective pastoral letter, ON HUMAN LIFE. our private and public llves? The moral ques­ agreement exists as to what constitutes At that time, we addressed ourselves to the tioning provoked by the war must not be a balanced system. The key to this di­ Vietnam War and its justification from the confined to this issue; it must extend to the is viewpoint of the moral principle of propor­ lemma defining the word balanced as analysis of the very fabric of our llves as a it is used in balanced transportation. We tiona.llty in the following words: people. "In assessing our country's involvement in must maintain our progressive pace on Are we truly for peace? The building of a highway development while we develop Vietnam, we must ask: have we already peaceful world society is the work of justice reached, or passed, the point where the prin­ and the duty of every man. It begins with transportation nets which satisfy urban ciple of proportiona.llty becomes decisive? ourselves and the acknowledgement that all needs. How much more of our resources of men and men are truly brothers, children of a com­ Mr. F. C. Turner, Federal Highway money should we commit to this struggle, as­ mon Father. It grows with the conviction Administrator, recently put the meaning suming an acceptable cause and intention? that men can live in peace and that the of balanced transportation in proper per­ Has the conflict in Vietnam provoked inhu­ evil of war is not inevitable. It can be fos­ man dimensions of suffering?" (On Human spective in a speech he made before the tered and promoted by education in spirit­ Denver, Colo., Chamber of Commerce. Life, United States Bishops' Statement, 1968) ual and moral values and by group coopera­ The passage of three years has given re­ tion. Are we ready for the difficult task of Mr. Turner has defined the need with newed emphasis to this principle of propor­ personal moral renewal necessary for peace eloquence and ability. I commend him tionality and deepened our doubts about the everywhere? for his effort, and offer his remarks for justice of further prosecuting this war: In Peace can most confidently be hoped for printing in the RECORD: Indo-China., the ravages of the war with its and won by a people who sincerely strive for WHAT BALANCED TRANSPORTATION Is ALL political, economic and strategic conse­ it, a people who first are at peace with God. ABoUT quences have now been expanded into Laos Ultimately, peace is a gift from God to "men (Address by Federal Highway Administrator and Cambodia, with continuing excursions of good will." (cf. Luke 2.14) "Peace I be­ Into the North through periodic bombing F. C. Turner) queath to you, my own peace I give to you, missions. Recent studies of scientists m.a{fe One of the phrases you hear repeated most public within the past year testify to the a peace the world cannot give, this is my often both in and outside of transportation effect our policies have had on the destruc­ gift to you." (John 14:17). circles today is the need for "balanced trans­ tion of crops and long-term disruption of Our Risen Savior's moosage of }n!ace is very portation" systems. the ecological balance in Vietnam. The effect much before us. In union with Him and with This is heard frequently in Washington of crop destruction again falls most heavily Mary, the Mother of the Church and Queen and many of our other large cities. I am sure on the civilian population. of Peace, we ask you to join us In fervent you have also heard It here In Denver. The effects of the prolongation of this and persevering prayer: "Father, you have Unfortunately, as is the case with most war at home are also of grave consequence told us that peacemakers shall be called your catch-phrases, it is being used more and and concern. We speak not only of the trag- sons; help us, then, to work tirelessly for more loosely-and more and more inaccu- 19070 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971 rately. To some, "balanced transportation" However, to assume--as some erroneously a system in Denver, and certainly there simply means to build mass transit sys­ do--that construction of a rail rapid transit should be-we will be happy to discuss de• tems-usually rail-and to halt all highway system will be the immediate and easy pan­ tails with your State and city officials. In­ construction while mass transit expendi­ acea to all of every city's transportation needs terestingly and importantly, all of the high­ tures catch up. Again, to some others it would be a costly disaster. For in most cases, way and roadbed facilities for a bus mass seems to mean that highway funds should the cost of a ride by a rail transit system transit system can be provided from highway be taken away from highways to build these will be considerably higher than a ride by monies out of the Highway Tru&t Fund. rail mass trans!t systems. bus or even by automobile, or taxi. Thus, rapid mass transit can be provided At the outset, let me assure you that I Think, !or example, of New York City, by the highway and street program-and in am strongly in favor of balanced transpor­ which has the most extensive subway system most of our cities, that is the only way by tation systems. But also at the outset, let us on the North American continent. Even with which it can be provided in your and my get into clear focus what balanced trans­ such a large and costly facility, New York lifetime. portation is all about-and what it is not cannot exist without its streets and freeways. Some brand-new tools are available to us about. Even with those great masses of people which this year to assist in solving the urban trans­ What balanced transportation does not the subway daily moves, the streets still are portation needs--because the 1970 Federal mean is that you should spend exactly the crowded with cars, trucks and buses-and the Aid Highway Act has supplied us with the same number of dollars on each of the city has great need for better streets and tools with which to implement such bus several transportation modes. In fa.ot, to do more freeways. The New York subway does rapid transit facilities. For example, if studies so would insure the very imbalance in our its part-the part it was intended to do--but show that construction of an exclusive bus­ transportation system which critics of the it cannot by any stretch of the imagination way would move more people more expedi­ highway program deplore. And would either come anywhere near to handling New York's tiously and practically than construction of cause duplicative systems which we cannot total transportation needs of either people a proposed highway project, then, the funds afford, or it would only partially meet the or goods and services. While 9 out of 10 of that would have been used for the highway needs of each one of· the complementing the center city workers reach their jobs by project can be used to build the busway, in­ modes. transit, at sometime during the day a ma­ stead. What balanced transportation does mean jority of them will use a taxi or bus--and This is another example, I think, of how is that each mode is utilized in those all of them are serviced by trucks operating highway officials are concerned with plan­ amounts tha-t will achieve an ov~r-all system on the street system and only on the street ning, and should indicate clearly that it is in which all elements complement-rather system. not their desire to just blindly force the con­ than duplicate or compete, with one another. The same principles hold true of each of struction of highways, as some critics might A balanced transportation system must be our other cities. have you believe. designed to meet the total transportation I think that this would be a good time to As a matter of fact, the highway program needs of urban areas and should do so in a note the popular misconception regarding has a clear responsibility for helping to im­ way that will provide the most efficient, mass transit-that it and "rail" are synony­ prove our mass transit fa-cilities, since as I effective, satisfactory and economic service mous. have pointed out, most of the tmnsit in this attainable. But of course they are not. country is going to be by bus--and, of course, A balanced transportation system must Good mass transit can be-and is being­ these buses must travel on the street and provide flexibility of travel from any place provided by buses on modern streets and high way network. So since most of our mass in any urban area to any other place. It must freeways--and I believe that this is the real transit is going to be on our highways, mass be designed not only for the morning and wave of the seventies insofar as mass transit transit very properly is provided for in the evening rush hours, but fur 24-hour usage is concerned. It is the only readily available highway prograan and reciprocally, the tran­ during every 365 days-and nights---of every mode that we can realistically expect to ob­ sit interest is synonomous with highway in­ year. It must be designed not only for those tain within the next 20 years or more. terest. This program under the Highway Act, who commute to jobs in the central business The reason is that, at most, there are only when coupled with 1970 legislat.ion for our district but also and at the same time for about 10 of the largest cities in this country sister a.gency in DOT, the UMTA, to acquire those who commute in the reverse direction, where rail rapid transit systems could prac­ modern buses, can jointly provide Denver and in even la.rger measure, for all the resi­ tically be implemented. Simple economics and other cities with a balanced, flexible, and dents of the metropolitan area, and for all dictate that conclusion-along with the fact readily available tr·ansportation system. of the nonwork trips-because such trips far that rail transit is adaptable only when a Of course, freeways by their very nature city has certain definite characteristics, such provide a capabiLity for rapid tmnsporta­ outnumber the work trips. tion. Here in Denver, for example, the aver­ It must provide, too, for the movement of as densely crowded population corridors. Den­ ver does not have these characteristics and age speed on your freeways is shown to be all those goods and service vehicles making between 46 and 60 miles per hour--e.s com­ trips which are vital to all residents of an neither do very many other cities. By dense-­ r mean 60-70,000 persons per square mile-­ pared with 15 to 40 miles an hour on major urban area, whether they be commuters, arterLa.l s·treets and 15 to 30 miles an hour stay-at-homes, shoppers, or even totally which is ten times the density of Denver and most other U.S. cities. on minor streets. I think that most every­ dependent shut-ins. one will agree that, excep,t during the worst In brief, then, a balanced transportation So for practical purposes, when we talk about rapid transit, we really are talking of the rush-hour c

' .June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19071 study has indicated that only 22 percent of where there would-in their unreal dream back packs or something else out of the the area working force is employed in the world-be no traffic problems. Sunday magazine pages. central business district, while 78 percent But wishing won't make it so. The traffic Let us get this whole question of balanced works in the fringe and suburban areas. In problem will not disappear unless the peo­ transportation clearly in focus. While we most of our cities, the downtowns are grow­ ple also disappear. So our task is to work are providing needed mass transit facili­ ing at a slower rate than the area as a whole­ out the best way to live with autos and ties in cities-both ran and bus-let us not in a few cases-the center city is actually other motor vehicles and quit wasting our lose sight of what these facilities can and­ declining. time wishing they would go away. Let's get very importantly-what they cannot do; I think it is obvious that it would be mani­ on with the job of improving the environ­ what they are not intended to do; what they "festly impossible to provide either rail-or mental qualities and safety characteristics of are designed for and what they are not bus transit facilities to handle all or even a our automotive vehicles and devise the best designed for. majority of such widely dispersed move­ ways to make them meet our many urgent Above all, let us not be lulled into believ­ ments, simply because of the almost infinite transportation needs. ing that any amount of mass transit facili· number of combinations of trip origin, des­ It is time that all of the facts are faced ties will completely eliminate the need for i/ination, route, and timing. squarely. a lot of new and improved highways, or that Up to this point, I have been discussing I wonder how many of those who criticize some presently unavailable scheme can inter­ 'the question of moving people in metro­ highways actually practice what they preach changeably provide. the services and move­ politan area.s-.a.dmittedly a very important and do not own cars-or would voluntarily ment of goods that realistically only high­ :problem. get rid of them? I think the number would ways and streets and motor vehicles as we But there is far more to a balanced trans­ be small, indeed. Let's get sensible and realis­ know them today can do. portation program than that-in fact, a lot tic in all this discussion about transportation And by all means let us not make the :n1ore. balance and planning and how we are going mistake of taking our vitally needed funds For example, consider truck traffic, which to service our needs. away from highways to help finance some :Is essential to the economic life of a city. Another fact is that for as far into the fu­ other transportation idea unless-unless­ "It has been said-and correctly so-that in ture as we can foresee, highways are going capable study shows that this will provide "the movement of goods, no matter what to remain essential to the mobility and eco­ more total transportation and increased mode of intercity transport is used, trucks nomic life of urban communities. No city can service at lesser total cost. Such fiscal leger­ .almost exclusively originate and finally ter­ remain viable without them. Our objective in demain-like all magical tricks--would mere­ FHWA is to find the most effective ways to ly be an optical illusion-without substance :nlinate all cargo. It is by means of these use them and complement their usage with "trucks that the stores in the city-and the or reality. additional amounts of mass transit bussing More funds are needed to accomplish our surrounding suburbs as well-receive all capab111ty-bussing which will also use our that infinite variety of goods so essential to mass transportation goals-and highway existing street systems and their proposed people will readily agree that they are-so the life of an urban area: the food, the improvements. ~lothing, the housing materials, and ap­ by all means let us try to find these funds. Of course, not just the cities are depend­ But not at the expense of the highway pro­ _pUances, and medicines, and newspapers, etc. ent on highways. The fact is, 95 percent of ad infinitum. None of these commodities is­ gram with its equally compelling or perhaps all travel in this country is by highway. more compelling needs. We are already con­ <>r could practically be shipped-by any It is a curious irony that highways are such existing or proposed mass transit. Only high­ tributing very substantial shares of such a vital part of our national life that they­ transit funding needs and I believe that any ways and streets can do this essential job. and the contributions they make--have come Think, too, if you will, of the innumerable needed additional funding appropriately to be so taken for granted by the public. should come from other sources . .services so vital to the life of a community Here in the Denver area you have some 91 To do otherwise would mean that our to­ which are utterly depend~nt on highways-- miles of freeways in operation. I imagine tal transportation program would suffer bad­ 2-nd which in no conceivable way could be that while you use them extensively, you ly-and the American people as a whole _performed by any kind of mass transit. don't really give it much thought. But what would be the losers. These are the every day things which I if your highways were to disappear tomor­ So let us make certain that the balanced :fear we all pretty much take for granted. row-could something else pick up the slack transportation that we need and are striving Consider, for instance, the ambulance, and fill the void? What would happen to for is kept in balance, by providing for all which in an emergency can mean the differ­ your pattern of life-or even to life itself? of the parts which are needed to make up ence ' between life and death. It can travel In the Federal Highway Administration the whole machine. Let us look ahead to only by highway. Have you ever seen an we have a new computerized analysis called the time when our highway system and mass ambulance for general use that was mounted "TRANS"-which is an acronym for Trans­ transportation systems fully complement on rail :flanged wheels? portation. Resource Allocation and Needs one another in all our major cities-and Think of the fire truck, which can save a Study. And with this complex new analyt~cal when each plays the role for which it is home or a place of business--if modern system we have developed some interesting designed and for which it is most capable. streets and freeways are available to help projections. For Denver, I believe this means a continued speed its trip and get it there in time. No In a city the size of Denver, TRANS tells street and highway improvement program as s-ch vehicles that you depend on in Denver us that the population is likely to increase now being planned plus a substantially aug­ are intended for anything except street by as much as 50 percent by 1990-less than mented bus mass transit system operating on travel. 20 years from now. During the same period, that highway and street network, plus some And then there is the police oar, which the daily vehicle miles traveled in the metro­ measure of traffic, parking, and working quickly provides you with protection or as­ politan area w111 also increase by 100 per­ hours controls. Such a combination, now at­ sistance when you need it. cent-but transit trips wm account for only tainable under present funding and statu­ The garbage truck removes your refuse five percent of the total movement. tory authorizations can solve Denver's urban b~r using the street system. Think about that for a moment-and I transportation needs for the rest of the cen­ The repair truck brings the plumber, the believe it becomes obvious why we had bet­ tury. electrician, the carpenter, the TV repairman, ter keep on with the job of providing the This is a balanced transportation program- to your home or business, via the street and highway and street facilities that are going ! commend it to you. highway network. to be needed in less than two decades from You know what happens when something now. Because if we don't plan and begin now, When you need groceries you get in your our cities are going to face staggering trans­ is not in balance. ca.r, drive to the supermarket and load up It falls. a week or two weeks' supply using city portation problems that cannot then be solved. streets. Both freeways and a good arterial street If you go to the dTug store, the movies, a system are essential to a balanced trans­ FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF THE concert, a sporting event, your church, or portation system. Since each mode and ele­ GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE take the kids to school-the chances are that ment of the system is designed to comple­ you go by car and use the highway network. ment the other elements, and all the parts In fact, can you im.Jagine the ordinary, are designed to function smoothly together everyday life of our cities without highways? as a whole, if you take away any of the parts HON. F. EDWARD HEBERT Complete chaos--even death would be the you are going to have problems, because OF LOUIS IAN A inevitable result in a very short period of the system is not going to function effi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES time. ciently. That mea.!lJS that I8Jl adequate street I think the relative importance of good and highway network is essential to any Wednesday, June 9, 1971 highways in an urban area is quite obvious. balanced system, whether it incorporates bus They simply are irreplacable-because there tran~it or ran transit as one of its people­ Mr. HEBERT. Mr. Speaker, this week is nothing with which to replace them. moving elements. Incidentally, the street the General Accounting Office is com­ I know, of course, that some people, who and highway network would still be re­ memorating the 50th anniversary of its for one reason or another, seem to hate high­ quired--even if we did away with all motor vehicles-and went back to horses and establishment. Fifty years ago, on June ways and automobiles, wish they would just 10, 1921, the President approved the go away, to be replaced by some hazy Utopia wagons-or went ahead to exotic personal jet 19072 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971 Budget and Accounting Act of 1921 judgment to bear on the matters being High, and Coach Jerry Usher; Steve Lyon which created the General Accounting deliberated. Today, our reasonable efforts of El Centro Central High, and Coach omce and the omce of the Comptroller are not enough. Stan Legerra; Roger Madison of Yucca General of the United States. The law We recognized this dilemma, and our Valley High, and Coach Richard Trone; placed them in the legislative branch of need for competent and objective assist­ Phil Martin of Trona High, and Principal the Government and made them inde­ ance in unraveling the complexities of Trammel Ford; Stephen Petro of Corona pendent of the executive department and the programs on which we are required High, and Coach Marshall Nixon; Scott agencies. to sit in judgment, in the provisions of Russell of Redlands High, and Coach The General Accounting Ofiice needs the Legislative Reorganization Act of Paul Womack; Tim Sheehy of Riverside no introduction to this body. We are all 1970. As you will recall, these provisions Poly High, and Coach Ben Hammer­ aware of its functions and responsibili­ require the Comptroller General to ana­ schmidt; Greg Smith of Brawley High, ties in assisting us in maintaining over­ lyze the results of Government programs and Coach Oscar Smith; Mike Suddeth of sight of the operations of Government and activities, including the making of Holtville High, and Coach Jan Northcott; departments and agencies in their use cost-benefit studies, and to assist com­ and Eddie Walton of Palm Springs High, of public funds. The reports to the Con­ mittees of the Congress in analyzing cost­ and Coach Carlyle Lyneis, I offer this. gress by that omce · on its reviews of benefit studies furnished them by any congressional salutation. carefully selected aspects of the opera­ Federal agency. The dedication, athletic excellence, and tions of departments and agencies have In enacting these provisions we mere­ strength of character exhibited by these been of inestimable value in our deliber­ ly reamrmed what we already knew the young men, have earned them this honor. ations. General Accounting Ofiice to be: a It is the good fortune of all of us, Mr. Many of us, as chairmen of committees competent, independent, and profession­ Speaker, to find these admirable qualities. or as individual Members of the Con­ al organization. Its professional staff of in such abundance in our youth. gress, also have had occasion to call on some 2,900 operates out of its Washing­ the General Accounting Ofiice for direct ton omce, 15 regional omces and 28 sub­ assistance in the form of special studies, omces throughout the continental United surveys, or reviews to obtain needed in­ States, and five omces overseas. The pro­ WILLIAM TYLER PAGE-A formation on the operations of various fessional staff includes accountants, law­ PATRIOTIC AMERICAN Government departments and agencies. yers, and a growing number of special­ We have found that these calls for direct ists in other fields. These fields include assistance received top priority and care­ business administration, industrial man­ HON. GILBERT GUDE ful consideration. - agement, engineering, statistics, econom­ OF MARYLAND The 67th Congress, which enacted the ics, system analysis, automatic data IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Budget and Accounting Act of 1921, de­ processing, mathematics, and public ad­ Wednesday, June 9, 1971 serves a vote of thanks for its wisdom ministration. and foresight in recognizing the need for, As one whose many years of service in Mr. GUDE. Mr. Speaker, at a recent and in creating, the General Accounting this body have given him an opportunity annual convention of the Maryland Fed­ Office and the omce of the Comptroller to observe the development of the Gen­ eration of Women's Clubs the following General. eral Accounting Office into the fine or­ resolution was adopted. I have written Over the years since establishment of ganization it is today, I am particularly to the Post Office Department urging the General Accounting Ofiice, we have privileged to mark the occasion of its that it give favorable consideration to added new responsibilities to that omce, 50th anniversary. I know that my col­ the issuance of a commemorative stamp and have given it additional authority to leagues join me in expressing to the Gen~ in honor of William Tyler Page, a fellow carry them out, through enactment of era! Accounting Office and to the Comp­ Marylander and a patriotic American. such legislation as the Government Cor­ troller General our best wishes for the I am hopeful that the stamp Will be poration Control Act of 1945, the Ac­ future. forthcoming. counting and Auditing Act of 1950, and RESOLUTION the Legislative Reorganization Act of Whereas, William Tyler Page is nationally 1970, to mention a few. The General Ac­ A CONGRESSIONAL TRffiUTE TO known for his authorship of "The American's ATHLETIC EXCELLENCE Creed" which embodies the principles of counting omce has kept pace with the background and declarations of faith in our challenge of the increased responsibilities country, derived from the many historic through internal reorganizations and the documents and statements of our founding expansion and upgrading of its profes­ HON. VICTOR V. VEYSEY fathers; and sional staff. OF CALIFORNIA Whereas, His appointment as a page in the The evolution of the General Account­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES United States Capitol in 1881 began a career of sixty-one years of service to the House o! ing omce parallels the evolution of the Wednesday, June 9, 1971 Representatives; and Government as a whole. Fifty years ago, Mr. VEYSEY. Mr. Speaker, I call to Whereas, As a student of Constitutional life was much simpler. Our Federal Government and Parliamentary Procedures budget was only slightly more than $3 your attention, and to the attention of he became an authority on Constitutional billion and we had a public debt of only the Congress of the United States, the ac­ Law and wrote a Handbook on Parliamentary about $23 billion. When I became a Mem­ complishments of a group of young men Procedure still in wide use; and ber of this body in the 77th Congress- who speak well for this Nation's future. Whereas, In recognition of his services to 20 years later-the Federal budget had Tomorrow evening in Palm Springs, the Government, a post was created for him Calif., during the third annual Awards to hold for life as Emeritus Minority Clerk; grown to $9 billion and the public debt and was $45 million. The Federal budget for Dinner for the National Football Foun­ Whereas, He was not only a lifetime resi• fiscal year 1972, as submitted by the dation and Hall of Fame, Tri-County dent of Maryland but a collateral descendant President, is $229 billion and, just a few Chapter, these 14 superior athletes will of John Tyler, lOth President of the United months ago, we found it necessary to en­ be honored. States, a descendant of Carter Braxton, signer act legislation which increased the limi­ Their dedication, and their resulting of the Declaration of Independence from tation on the public debt to $430 billion. achievements in Southern California's Virginia, and can claim John Page, who set­ In part, these increases reft.ect the rugged high school football program, are tled in Williamsburg, Virginia in 1650, as his an inspiration to all young people in our first ancestor in America; and growth of our country and the higher Whereas, There is a need in these troubled costs of conducting the continuing, tradi­ area, and to all Americans who appre­ times for a reaffirmation of the original tional functions of the Government. But ciate the desire and determination to principles on which this nation was founded primarily, they reflect the growing com- excel. and since they are exempllfied by William plexities of the traditional functions and To Marvin L. Cobb of Notre Dame Tyler Page's Creed; therefore expansion of the Government into new High, and Coach Bob Stangel; Thomas Resolved, That the Maryland Federation and complex functions and programs. In Fine of Apple Valley High, and Coach of Women's Clubs petition the Postmaster General of the United States to issue a. stamp the earlier years, it was possible, with a Birch Drake; Jim Hemingway of Chaffee commemorating William Tyler Page, author reasonable effort, for Members of this High, and Coach Ray Stark; Kreig Hubbs of "The American's Creed." body to become sufficiently knowledgeable of Colton High, and Coach Tom Verban­ Submitted by The Woman's Club of Be­ on matters before them to bring informed atz; Edward Killian of Coachella Valley thesda. June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19073 PUBLIC SERVICE JOBs­ It is callous to deride such public service Germany of a prototype train designed to OR WELFARE? jobs as "dead-end, WPA-type" employment, move between cities at speeds of up to 350 as if the alternative were well-paid careers miles per hour. in private industry. In fact, the alternative is The German experiment holds a number HON. DOMINICK V. DANIELS unemployment and the welfare rolls. These of pertinent lessons on harnessing technol­ public service jobs have their own dignity, ogy to serve modern society, not vice versa. OF NEW JERSEY they need to be done; they are jobs within the The train is electrically propelled and glides IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES capacity and experience of the worst-off without wheels above a magnetic field. It Wednesday, June 9, 1971 among the jobless--the unskilled' and poorly is being developed by West Germany's larg­ educated who are the core of the chronically est aerospace company, best known for its Mr. DANIELS of New Jersey. Mr. unemployed. World War ll Messerschmitt fighter planes. Speaker, with the passage of the Emer­ It is unfortunate that House Republicans The Bonn Government sees superspeed trains gency Employment Act on June 2, the fought this bill and put forward the Admin­ as the answer to congested and polluted Congress has expressed its strong desire istration's revenue sharing plan in the man­ highways and airlanes, something that goes to help the 5,217,000 persons who are power field as an alternative. There is a good far beyond a routine updating of obsolete case to be made for the President's desire to railroad practices. It has pledged generous currently unemployed by giving them regroup and simplify the various manpower subsidies to develop a high-speed transport useful jobs. During the Republican at­ programs and to allow state and local gov­ system within the next fifteen years. tempts to substitute the manpower rev­ ernments more leeway in their management. Such attitudes stand in marked contrast enue-sharing bill on the floor, we con­ But the Administration proposal is not an to the continued official American obsession stantly heard the plea that this body alternative or substitute for the 150,000 jobs with the SST and to Amtrak's gloomily should be allowed to "work its will" on which this bill would finance. limited vision about the future of passenger this important issue. My colleague from Rather than contemplate a veto and en­ r.ail traffic. Even though Europe already Michigan, Mr. EscH, said that- mesh this blll in the revenue sharing con­ enjoys trains f,agter than the Metroliner, Eu­ troversy, Mr. Nixon would do better to look ropeans consider these merely the starting surely there is no one ... who is afraid to at the economic realities of a stlll-depressed point for dramatic progress. have the House work its will on this question. economy and at the human necessities of The loss of jobs resulting from demise of Mr. Speaker, I submit that the House the unemployed. Even without the rein• the SST and cutbacks in aircraft manufac­ forcement provided by yesterday's official re­ ture, could be made up for in important has worked its will. They have said "Yes" port of a fresh rise in joblessness, those real­ degree by adequate Federal subsidies to fi­ to public service employment. They have ities and those necessities argue for the ap­ nance massive research and development of approved a constructive, far-reaching proval of this program. rapid, safe and efficient passenger rail program of providing necessary services travel. to communities which have none and of providing jobs to those who have none. Through their Representatives, the citi­ RAILS FOR THE FUTURE OUTSTANDING CITIZEN OF SOUTH zens of this Nation have expressed their BOSTON wishes here and in the other body. In the face of rumors of a Presidential veto, I HON. J. J. PICKLE urge Mr. Nixon not to cast down the OF TEXAS HON. LOUISE DAY HICKS mandate of the people and of Congress. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF MASSACHUSETTS On Friday, June 4, the Bureau of Wednesday, June 9, 1971 IN THE HOU~?E OF REPRESENTATIVES Labor Statistics reported that the na- , tiona! unemployment rate is now at 6.2 Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, when the Wednesday, June 9, 1971 percent-a 9-year high. We cannot word "train" is spoken, I imagine many Mrs. HICKS of Massachusetts. Mr. ignore the human misery behind these of us still think first of the old locomotive Speaker, at the annual South Boston numbers, because we differ in our ap­ puffing black smoke as it disappeared Citizens Association's banquet this past proaches to the same problem. A recent over the horizon. But in the minds of March, one of South Boston's most New York Times editorial quoting last some the trai;n holds untold promise for prominent and distinguished citizens was the future of transportation in our the recipient of the outstanding citizen year's Presidential veto says: crowded world. It is callous to deride such public service award of the South Boston Citizens As­ jobs as "dead-end, WPA-Type" employment, We have out in Pueblo, Colo., a high­ sociation. as if the alternative were well-paid careers speed ground transportation test center I would like to share with my col­ in private industry. In fact, the alternative dedicated to the ideas of getting people leagues a small part of the life of Mr. is unemployment and the welfare rolls. moved swiftly, safely from place to place Walter Mason, who is indeed deserving without further crowding our airways of this honored award. The article follows: and highways. But this country is not PuBLIC JOBS FOR THE JOBLESS Walter Mason was born in South alone in this forward-looking enterprise. Boston on November 22, 1913, one of 12 The Congressional b111 to create public An editorial in this morning's New service jobs for the unemployed is a construc­ children of immigrant parents. He was York Times outlines the efforts of West educated in South Boston, enlisted in the tive response both to the immediate exigen­ to cies of the recession and to the long-term Germany to build a train designed U.S. Coast Guard in 1942, served in the needs of unskilled workers. With nearly five move between cities at speeds of up to North Atlantic, African, Mediterranean, million persons out of work, including many 350 miles per hour. This train is a far and European campaigns, aboard the recent veterans of Vietnam, the nation has cry from the one of the days when pas­ heavy cutter George Bibb W31, and the a moral as well as an economic obligation to sengers blinked soot and dirt from their destroyer escort Walter Savage DE386. take effective action to offset the human con­ eyes as they crossed the country at the sequences of a downswing in the business unheard of speeds of 20 and 30 miles per Mr. Mason was employed by the Vet­ cycle. The bill, now passed in slightly differ­ hour. erans' Administration in Boston for 15 ent versions by both House and Senate, would years, from which he is now retired. For be at least a modest help because it would More importantly, the West German the past 5 years Walter Mason has been subsidize state and local governments in train and the commitment of the West employed, as a nonpaying volunteer, by hiring 150,000 workers to fill subprofessional German Government on behalf of this the Disabled American Veterans as a de­ jobs. effort hold a valuable message which I partment service officer. For the longer term after this recession think this country would do well to note. has ended, the bill would continue to pro­ I hope our own pl·ans are aggressive and The award presented to Mr. Mason vide help in districts suffering particularly bold-and I believe they will be. reads as follows: high unemployment. Every big city has such Mr. Speaker, I insert this editorial in The South Boston Citizens Association a district. The changing character of indus­ honors Walter P. Mason, Past State Com­ trial work is doing away with many jobs the RECORD at this time. mander, Disabled American Veterans as out­ which used to be done by the unskilled and RAILS FOR THE FuTuRE standing citizen of South Boston. Who, the poorly educated. At the same time there Transportation Secretary John A. Volpe through his tireless efforts on behalf is a growing need in the public sector to fill and Senator Barry Goldwater, who rep- of the people of South Boston and in par- jobs such as playground attendant or nurse's resented President Nixon at the recent test ticular, ilts veterans, has proven himself a aide, but local governments often lack the flight in Europe of the British-French super­ devoted and valued friend to all in need. funds to hire such employes. The bill would sonic jet, took part in the wrong event. They Presented Ma.rch 16, 1971 by James K. build a bridge between the blue-collar un­ could have brought home a more useful Flaherty, President; Henry H. Johnson, Gen­ employed and the public sector. message from the experimental run in West eral Chairman. 19074 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON Mr. Speaker, the action taken at this AU nations should ratify the Interna­ PROBLEMS OF THE ENVIRONMENT Conference follows: tional Convention Relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution MOTION Casualties and the International Conventien HON. ROBERT McCLORY The International Parliamentary Confer­ on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage ence on the Environment adopts the follow­ (IMCO, Brussels, 1969) as well as the amend­ OF ILLINOIS ing motion on June 4, 1971, in Bonn: ments to the International Convention on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Whereas, effective actions are urgently the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil Wednesday, June 9, 1971 needed to conserve the natural resources of 1954. A convention setting forth a supple­ our one world in order to insure an eco­ mental compensation fund, which fund is to Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, it was logically health environment and the social, be established by transporters and owners. my privilege last week to participate in economic, scientific and cultural progress of oil cargoes, and which increases the limits. a conference at Bonn, Germany, at the of all mankind which depends on such an of liability for oil spills, should be nego­ invitation of the Interparliamentary environment; and tiated, signed, and ratified as soon as possible Whereas, we recognize the significant by all nations. Working Center of the German Bunde­ studies, measures and results achieved by In addition to the subjects spelled out in stag, of which Mr. Wolfgang Burhenne various nations, which have shown the need the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. is the Secretary-General. for and provided much of the information there should be added the right to a high This Conference, described as an In­ and public awareness necessary for effec­ quality environment indispensable to Man•s ternational Parliamentary Conference tively coordinated international action; and physical, mental and social well-being, on the Environment, was intended to Whereas, current international official d-e­ as well as to his cultural development. provide a more active role for represent­ cision-making bodies primarily represent the We have reached a consensus that the fol­ executive branch of government, and we lowing items require urgent international atives of parliamentary bodies in the believe that legislators should also make a consultation and action: preparatory work for the U.N. Confer­ major contribution to the formulation of International rules and procedures should ence on the Human Environment--to be environmental policy at the international be established so that international treaties held in Stockholm in June 1972. level; and will be examined for the impact they may Mr. Speaker, ru:; a member of the Whereas, we support and affirm the posi­ have on the environment. This should con­ U.S. group to various conferences of the tive actions taken to protect the environ­ cern both proposed new treaties as well as Interparliamentary Union, I have taken ment by many international non-govern­ treaties already in force. mental organizations, including the Inter­ Treaties when submitted to national par· part in a number of actions relating to Parlimentary Union, and wishing to con­ liaments for ratification should be accom• various aspects of the human environ­ tribute to these actions; and panied by a report on their potential en· ment, and have assisted in the drafting Whereas, we recognize that the world­ vironmental effects. As soon as the procedure of resolutions expressing the need for wide effort to achieve the wise use of the mentioned above is operating this report national and international cooperative environment would benefit from establish­ should show that it has been followed. steps in behalf of protecting the environ­ ing a list of priorities of present and emerg­ A convention which would prohibit the ment for this and future generations. ing problems as well as from some pro­ dumping of oil and toxic wastes, and would posals for their solution; regulate the dumping of other wastes at Mr. Speaker, there were representa­ Therefore, we have reached a consensus sea, should be drafted, signed, and ratified tives from the Parliaments of some 22 that the following items require immediate as soon as possible. nations at the Bonn Conference. In ad­ and effective international action: In each international river basin the dition, there were other officials charged Governments should begin international riparian states should strive to conclude with the responsibility of environmental negotiations to establish appropriate sys­ agreements enabling them jointly to examine matters from some 30 or more other tems for strict pollution controls suitable to and to deal with environmental and nature individual locations. Such systems should protection problems relating to the river nations. be designed so as not to distort international concerned. These agreements should in par­ Mr. Speaker, at the conclusion of the economic competition, but to develop com­ ticular provide for a system of control and 3-day Conference, a document was mon environmental standards applicable to sanctions. agreed upon by a majority of the parlia­ the contracting nations. Appropriate use There should be an international agree­ mentary representatives-covering a should be made of internationally agreed ment requiring ea.oh nation to test specified large number of subjects which require limits (including yearly mean, 100-day mean, products and processes, particularly those international attention and action. I am and an absolute daily limit) of intake of containing non-degradable, non-recyclable,. attaching a copy of the final draft of the specified substances by human beings, ani­ or toxic components for their potential ef-­ mals, or vegetation. Governments should be­ fects on the environment, and to publish>. motion or resolution as adopted at this gin international negotiations to establish the results of these tests before the products: Conference. international health, product, emission and are introduced on the market. Such an agree­ Mr. Speaker, I wish to pay special environmental standards applicable to prod­ ment should also provide for a standardisa-­ tribute to Mr. Crane Miller who is Coun­ ucts entering into international commerce. tion of testing procedures. sel on Oceans and Atmosphere of the International environmental research pro­ A world network of protected areas under· Senate Commerce Committee and a grams, as well as coordinated national re­ international sponsorship should be estab­ member of the International Council on search programs, in all aspects of environ­ lished under an international convention in. mental problems should be sponsored by the order to preserve enda:qgered species of fauna. Environmental Law and was of great United Nations system, in close co-opera­ and fiora as well as outstanding natural ani-­ assistance at this unique meeting, and tion, whenever appropriate, with the con­ mal and plant communities. who cooperated with me in behalf of the cerned non-governmental international or­ International agreements for the conser-­ informal actions which were taken. ganizations. Relevant organizational changes vation of migratory species should be con­ Mr. Speaker, I wish to call particular of the United Nations system should be car­ cluded. The states should commit themselves. attention to that paragraph of the docu­ ried out in order that these research pro­ to provide, over and above what is already-­ ment adopted at this meeting which rec­ grams may be undertaken as soon as pos­ provided by non-governmental organizations;. sible. the financial means necessary to implement. ognizes the contributions to the environ­ The environmental effects of development a global policy for fauna and fiora. ment which have been made by the In­ assistance and foreign investment pro­ The I.U.C.N. draft "convention on the 1m-. terparliamentary Union. grammes should be carefully studied and port, export, and transit of certain species of· Mr. Speaker, while I undertook to act considered by all parties concerned before wild animals and plants", which is designed· solely in my individual capacity, I am such projects are initiated. Developing coun­ to control the international traffic in endan-. confident that the exchanges and actions tries should be granted technical assistance gered and declining species and their prod-. in training environmental ma.nagers and ucts should be signed and ratified by all na-­ which occurred at the Conference in scientists. tions a.s soon as possible. Bonn were of distinct benefit to the pro­ The international transport of hazardous Information on public environmental pro-­ grams intended to protect and enhance or polluting substances should be subject to grammes and their implementation both at the human environment-including pro­ specific regulations permitting among other national and international levels should be­ grams for international cooperation. It things the establishment of liability in case centralized in order to give easy access to pro­ is my further feeling that our relations of degradation of the environment. A sys­ cedures and techniques which can be of po­ with the representatives of the other tem of compulsory insurance should be es­ tential benefit to the environment. participating nations were improved by tablished to cover the risks incurred by the As far as overpopulated countries are con-­ transporter. No international trans·port of cerned population control research and pro­ my attendence at this Conference, and hazardous subS'tances should be authorized grammes should be effectively coordinated. that the actions taken will serve a use­ unless such substances are accompanied by at their international level and all possible ful purpose in preparing for a successful a notice describing in particular the meas­ actions should be undertaken to enable prac­ world conference on the environment at ures to be taken in cases of danger or acci­ tical implementation of family planning; for· Stockholm next year. dent. that purpose special attention and supoo:t- June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19075

should be given-financially and otherwise­ of Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Omaha, Balti­ collection of separating from the trash such to family planning education. more, Atlanta, Houston, Milwaukee, Min­ articles as glass, metal and reusable news­ Governments should enter into such ar­ neapolis, St. Louis and San Francisco, to print to help reduce the drain on natural rangements as are necessary to prevent in­ mention only some of the metropolitan resources in manufacturing products. dustrial and other enterprises from obtaining forces which have had to contend with riot, Although they thexnselves constitute a concessions under national environmental demonstration and slaying. small army, the Boy Scouts have invited the laws by threatening to transfer new invest­ What helpful words of wisdom we won­ public to join in their efforts to help further ment to other countries. der, came from such invited guests as the the cause of litter prevention, waste disposal An international system for the monitor­ police chiefs or sheriffs of Brighton, Colo., and recycling of used products. ing of wa.ter and air pollution should be set Miami Beach, Oneida, ~.Y., and Kettering, It is a comforting thought to speculate up. Such a system should include a list of 0.? We are sure another guest, the police that what laws and fines heretofore have the substances to be determined, detection chief of Toxns River, N.J., is an estimable been unable to bring about in the way of methods, and the standards that are to be character, but would not the chief of riot­ litter prevention, the Boy Scouts may ac­ established. torn Newark have had something more per­ complish through example and education. An international pollution Data Bank tinent to report? Obviously, to the Boy Scouts, "Be Pre~ whose function it would be to collect in­ According to Press Secretary Ziegler, the pared" is more than just a slogan. formation on pollution, to interpret it and list had been put together by Hoover at Mr. to make it available to all countries, should Nixon's request. It was termed "represent­ be established. ative." What ,bafHes us is that no one on We have agreed that the following items Mr. Nixon's staff questioned Hoover's judg­ WINDSOR'S 200TH BIRTHDAY require urgent research and discussion with ment that Oneida is more representative a view to arriving at international action if than New York, or Detroit than Brighton and when necessary: (Zip code 80601, 20 miles from Denver). HON. SILVIO 0. CONTE National land and water use planning pro­ Quinn Tamm, executive director of the OF MASSACHUSETTS grammes should be coordinated with neigh­ International Association of Chiefs of Police. boring nations when part of such programmes who was omitted from the list, left the FBI IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are likely to affect the environment of such 10 years ago and reports he has clashed with Wednesday, June 9, 1971 neighbouring nations. Hoover several times. Tamxn, however, A study should be ma.de of the legal means praised the President's concern with police Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, it gives me open to persons having suffered damage safety, saying of Hoover's list only: "I hate great pleasure to inform the House of caused by harmful environmental activities to see people play politics with people's Representatives of the 200th anniver­ origina.ting in another country to bring legal lives." sary of Windsor, a town set deep within action against those responsible for these The White House staff should patrol its the beautiful Berkshire Hills of Massa­ activities. beat on such guest lists more thoroughly. Major projects which may have harmful chusetts. Located on the Green Moun­ effects on the environment of the earth, and tain Range, this town owes much to in particular on its climate, should be fully nature. The land is fertile and adorned assessed for their international environmen­ by countless sparkling brooks and wind­ tal implications before the project can MASSIVE CLEANUP ing streams. From the western section of proceed. Windsor, a magnificent view unfolds re­ vealing the distant Taconic Mountain HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI Range framed by forests of spruce. En­ WHITE HOUSE STAFF FUMBLES OF n..LINOIS hancing the idyllic scenery of Windsor IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is its unique tradition and history. Wednesday, June 9, 1971 A legend that one should never fail to HON. MARTHA W. GRIFFITHS recount when mentioning the town of OF MICHIGAN Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, on Windsor is that of Wahconah Falls. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES numerous occasions I have emphasized Passing through the township, Wah­ to the Members tha.t actual grassroots Wednesday, June 9, 1971 conah Brook tur.ns into falls which de­ work, rather than dramatic speeches, scend about 80 feet in three levels. From Mrs. GRIFFITHS. Mr. St:eaker, all will do more to eradicate pollution. the falls, the stream winds through ever­ Americans are concerned with the rising This point is well made in an editorial green woods and joins the Housatonic crime rate. No group of people are more commentary in the Chicago Heights, Til., River. But what is so uniqae about this concerned than are the people of the Star of Thursday, June 3, in which this brook is the Indian legend of which I city of Detroit. In fact, recent reports fine publication editorially complimented will briefly speak now. have indicated that crime is a major con­ the Boy Scouts of America on their ef­ Wahconah, as the story has it, was a cern to the residents of our city. Despite forts to keep America beautiful by en­ young and very pretty Mohawk girl who this well-known information, the Presi­ gaging in a daylong cleanup effort. was being courted by a handsome war­ dent failed to invite Detroit's police chief, It is my hope that, through editorial rior of the enemy tribe, who was named Mr. John Nichols, to a recent White stimulation such as the Chicago Heights Nessacus. Unfortunately Wahconah was House conference on the subject of crime Star provided, this program will be emi­ also a favorite of Yonnongah, a very and, in particular, on the recent slayings nently successful, and that individuals war-minded Mohawk. Despite Wah­ of policemen. For the benefit of all, I throughout the country will fight litter­ conah's love for Nessacus, her father, would like to place in the RECORD a copy bugs, who are a major problem in main­ chief of the Mohawk Tribe, insisted that of an editorial on this matter entitled, taining the physical cleanliness of our the decision be left up to the Great "White House Staff Fumbles," which ap­ country, on a daily rather than annual Spirit. Below the falls in the middle of peared in a recent issue of the "Detroit basis. the stream, a rock protruded that divided News": The editorial follows: the brook into two channels. A canoe WHITE HOUSE STAFF FuMBLES MASSIVE CLEANUP with Wahconah aboard was to be Someone should blow the policeman's Walking and talking have their place in launched above the rock, and the Great whistle on the White House staffers who anti-pollution activities, but for getting the Spirit would guide it to either Nessacus failed to check out the guest list for the job done nothing beats the old-fashioned or Yonnongah, who were on opposite conference called to discuss recent slayings combination of elbow grease and enthusiasm. sides of the river. Even though tihe Mo­ of policemen and to demonstrate the Presi­ In this spirit the Boy Scouts of America-­ dent's concern and his determination to up­ all six million of them-will roll up their hawk, Yonnongah, on the night before hold law and order. sleeves Saturday in a massive national clean­ the event had diverted roost of the cur­ The problem is essentially that of the big up operation to focus public attention on rent to his side by moving rocks in the cities. There was an acknowledgment of that the tremendous dimensions of the problem. river, the canoe with Wahconah still in the presence at the White House of the One of the largest contingents in action will floated to Nessacus. They were then mar­ police chiefs of Boston, Kansas City, Mo., be our own Calumet council-23,000 strong. ried and the stream was named after Chicago, Washington and Los Angeles with Designated "Save Our American Resources" Wahconah in memory of this event. whom Mr. Nixon, flanked by Atty.-Gen. John (SOAR), a key phase of the Boy Scouts' Yet, this is but one of the many Mitchell and FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover, ongOing "Keep America Beautiful Day" pro­ conferred. gram, the day-long cleanup effort will be legends that have endured in Windsor. But the police chief of New York, the na­ aided by thousands of people in industry, Another involves Wizards Glen, where tion's biggest city, was not invited and conservation organizations and governmental tradition has it that Indian priests of­ neither was Detroit's chief, John Nichols. agencies. fered human sacrifices to the spirits of Absent also were the law enforcement heads Workers will make a point in their litter evil. And there are still man~· more 19076 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971 stories and legends such as this, but I of the House of Representatives could powers Will not be affected by the maneuvers must move on to other areas that de­ not visit and honor Windsor on this, her of each other. serve mention and make this town so rich 200th anniversary. In the Middle East, then, the UN con­ fronts a challenge to its survival as an effec­ in culture. tive international institution. Equalb as significant to Windsor as Progress has occurred in the Middle East. these legends and her rugged landscape There is a cea.sefire where there was war. is the town's most interesting history. THE UNITED NATIONS AND There is political stability in Jordan where The tradition of early settlers, of Indian THE MIDDLE EAST there was near chaos. There is talk about the wars, of fortitude against natural ele­ ways and means to peace where there was ments and of the history of later days once infiammed rhetoric and passion. There g1ves 'the town its own spec~al pri~e. is a. kind of psychological disengagement From the mountainsides of Wmdsor, m HON. LEE H. HAMILTON where there was once a paranoia over the in­ OF INDIANA tentions of the other side. the time of the Revolution, farmers and The interest of the UN in the Middle East townspeople readily joined Washington IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES extends beyond the Arab-Israeli dispute. One at cambridge and Stark at Bennington. Wednesday, June 9, 1971 significant activity of the United Nations And the children of these farmers and was the UN special mission to the island of pioneers from the same lo~ cabin~ gladly Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I would Bahrayn in the Persian Gulf, which earlier gave their lives for the Umon durmg the like to bring to the attention of my col­ this year carried out a successful plebecite leagues a few remarks I made before the on independence. In doing so, the United Na­ Civil War. Council of Washington Representatives tions was able to keep the delicate peace in After being incorporated on July 4, the rapidly changing political situation in 1771, with the name of Gageborough, it of the United Nations on June 8, 1971. They were as follows: the Gulf. was not until 1778 that the name was The Near East Subcommittee of the House changed to Windsor, following a long Recent history suggests that there Will be Foreign Affairs Committee believes it has a. struggle on the part of the townspeople no peace in the Middle East Without the responsibility to carry on a continuing and to change it. The people petitioned to United Nations and no United Nations with­ searching examination of all interests and out peace in the Middle East. issues in the Middle East. have the name changed, because "the From its inception the United Nations has We join with the distinguished members present name of Gageborough may serve been intimately concerned With the Middle of the UN Association of the U.S. to perpetuate the memory of the detested East: the legal creation of Israel involved To work at the tasks of reconciliation ot General Gage." formal action by the United Nations. the Jewish and Arab people. The first settlers to come to Windsor In the intervening years, the United Na­ To resist councils of despair. tions has adopted a. long series of resolutions And in a search for the peace which can were Joseph Chamberlin, Ephraim Keys, concerning the Middle East. and Edward Walker, the former two be­ bring growth and development to the area, An official UN body {the United Nations hope and justice to its people. ing from Connecticut and the latter Relief and Works Agency) has the primary from Hadley, Mass. Following shortly responsibility for provi~ing essential services thereafter came John Hall, Jeremiah for the refugees. At least a dozen United Nations agencies, Cady, and Josiah Lawrence from Plains­ HOUSE RESOLUTION 319 field, Conn. Because of the solidarity commissions and special offices deal With aspects of the Middle East problem. and hard work of these people Windsor Through three wars in 1948, 1956 and 1967. became a very attractive place in which 20 years of observing four armistices. HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. to live and many people began moving Ten years of intensive peace keeping. OF INDIANA there. Hundreds of incidents followed by charges IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The townspeople, at first and for many and countercharges before the Security Coun­ years, were nearly exclusively Congrega­ cil, the United Nations and the Middle East Wednesday, June 9, 1971 tionalists. Because of this unity in re­ have been inseparably linked. Mr. JACOBS. Mr. Speaker, the follow­ The U.N. continues to play a critical role ing is the language of House Resolution ligion, the idea of building their own in the search for peace. church for Windsor came about. This The United Nations Security Council Res­ 319, which I introduced on March 17, building, however, once very close to olution 242 is the starting point and the 1971. I was hoping it might catch the at­ completion, succumbed to a fire that framework for peace. tention of the administration: burnt it to the ground. But this did not It does not impose a. peace. It does not pro­ H. REs. 319 discou-age these determined and reli­ vide a. formula for peace. It merely sets forth Whereas the President of the United States gious people, and construction on a new the guidelines for a. peace agreement. All on March 4, 1971, stated that his policy is meetinghouse began as soon as possible. parties to the dispute base their search for that: "as long as there are American POW's peace on its principles. in North Vietnam we will have to maintain The church was finally finished in 1772 The United Nations has provided useful and the Reverend Mr. David Avery, a a. residual force in South Vietnam. That is forums for the parties to the dispute to the least we can negotiate for." graduate of Yale University, became the express and define their positions on peace. Whereas Madam Nguyen Thi Binh, chief pastor. The most significant forum ts Dr. Gunnar delegate of the Provisional Revolutionary This church and meetinghouse was Jarring's mission as special representative Government of the Republic of South Viet­ also the central spot of business and of the Secretary General U Thant. nam stated on September 17, 1970, that the trade. For many years the people met on The United Nations is playing a pivotal policy of her government is "In case the role in helping the Palestinian refugees. The United States Government declares it will the top of this high hill, nearly as high work of UNRWA, regardless of its deficien­ as the highest mountain in the town. To withdraw from South Vietnam all its troops cies, and there are many, is a vital inter­ and those of the other foreign countries in this spot, through bitter cold and high national effort that must insure that another the United States camp, and the parties w111 banked snow, these townspeople of Wind­ generation of Palestinians do not grow up engage at once in discussion on: sor came to worship in this unheated and in refugee camps. "-the question of ensuring safety for the totally uncomfortable house. This build­ The first generation of refugees knew only total withdrawal from South Vietnam of ing, however, no longer stands, as is also the depressed life of the camps. For them United States troops and those of the other the case with the dwelling house, the there was nothing in the present and no foreign countries in the United States camp. hope in the future until someone gave them "-the question of releasing captured mili­ stores, and the large mansion known as weapons in 1967. Even today over 30,000 Monk's Tavern. These buildings have all tary men." Palestinians graduate each year from UNRWA Resolved, That the United States shall given way to the town's progress. schools and less than 10 percent can be as­ forthwith propose at the Paris peace talks This is but a brief history of Windsor, sured. of vocational training that can help that in return for the return of all American and I wish that I only had time to say them live and work. prisoners held in Indochina., the United more. I feel great pride knowing that I For these refugees there must be an alter­ States shall withdraw all its Armed Forces represent towns such as Windsor. The native to the gun. With the gun, there is no from Vietnam within sixty days following the people have always been patriotic and hope for peace and ultimately no hope for signing of the agreement: Provided, That the a. United Nations. agreement shall contain guarantee by the religious, lovers of home and country; The recent Egyptian-Soviet Treaty of Democratic Republic of Vietnam a.nd the Na­ but most importantly they have always Friendship and Cooperation emphasizes the tional Liberation Front of safe conduct out been generous, hospitable, and truly importance of the UN playing a dominant of Vietnam for all American prisoners and brave. It is a pity that all the Members role in the search for peace so that the big all American Armed Forces simultaneously. June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19077 TIMBER SALE ENDANGERS FISH The people also resolve that they are not three serious accidents but was never hurt AND GAME RESOURCES opposed to carefully regulated small cuts of himself. timber on the order of 12o-160 acres or 8 mil­ "You do worry," said Mrs. Riley, "but I lion board feet, whichever is smaller. Such can't sit around and worry too much. I cuts would include restrictions determined coUldn't take it." HON. NICK BEGICH to ibe necessary to protect fish and wildlife Mr. and Mrs. Riley have two boys, Albert OF ALASKA by the ADF & G, using data compiled from Jr., 14 and Jimmy, 11, who are sometimes IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES small cuts now being considered on an ex­ avoided by adUl·ts and children who say they perimental basis, specifically in the area of don't want to associate with "cop's kids." Wednesday, June 9, 1971 Afognak Straits on the Southwest end of But, the boys don't let this bother them. In Mr. BEGICH. Mr. Speaker The peo­ Afognak Island. fact, says Mrs. Riley, "Albert Jr. is likely to Passed and approved at Old Harbor, Alaska, follow in his father's footsteps, while Jimmy ple of Afognak Island near Kodiak, this 12 day CY! May, 1971. is still changing his mind every few days Alaska, are greatly dependent on the fish VILLAGE OF OLD HARBOR, about a profession." and game resources in the area. Fish and JACOB J. SIMEONOFF, "Last night, Jimmy decided to be an am­ game are a vital source of income to these Chairman, City Councnl. bulance driver," said Mrs. Riley. people. In July of 1968, the Columbia HERMAN E. ANDREWITCH, The boys benefit from their father's ver­ Lumber Co. purchased from the U.S. Secretary, City Council. satility, according to Mrs. Riley, because he Forest Service an area to be used for comes in contact with all the problems and extensive timber cutting. Because of the concerns of young people every day. He has failure of the Forest Service and the learned how to handle so many problems UNDERSTANDING OUR POLICE that both he and his wife are more "under­ Alaska Department of Fish and Game to standing of the problems of teenagers" like make sufficient studies as to the effects of their sons may encounter. such a logging operation, much damage "He can take anything in his stride pretty can be done to the natural resources of HON. J. J. PICKLE well except when he has to pull kids out of the State. OF TEXAS car wrecks or take them in because of nar­ To my knowledge, no assurances were IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cotics. It will always disturb him to see a young person's life ruined," said Mrs. Riley. given that salmon spawning streams will Wednesday, June 9, 1971 not be endangered by siltation, raising Like the doctor who goes to the party and Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, with the then is approached by "friends" who want of stream temperatures and increased free diagnoses of illnesses, Riley is often ap­ stream runoff. I am also concerned about great attention and clamor that has cen­ proached at social gatherings by people who the possibility that browsing areas for tered around the policeman in recent want to know "why they got a ticket when elk and deer and habitats of fur-bearing months, I believe it would be helpful to they didn't deserve it." But most people are animals will be drastically reduced. We overcome some barriers which arise from very responsive to Riley, according to Mrs. stereotypes and preconceived notions Riley, and the ''phone rings day and night also have no assurances that the regrowth with people who want advice." of timber will assure a sustained crop of which serve to divide our citizenry. This is done, of course, by recognizing the in­ "He loves his work, he could never do any­ timber and that the area will be mar· thing else. It gets in your blood." ketable following the cutting. dividuality of the man and the nature of Mrs. Riley's work as a police wife has got­ The people of the village of Old Har­ his position. Mr. Crispin James has writ­ ten in her blood too. She and other members bor on Kodiak Island have passed a res­ ten an article in the Austin American of the Pollee Wives Club get together once a olution in the city council that states that which appeared on June 6. It gives, I month to have parties for residents of Gar· they are not opposed to carefully reg­ feel, a realistic view of the policeman­ dener House, a juvenile home. Money the club Sgt. Albert Riley-and his family and of raises goes to buy drapes, a couch and other ulated small cuts of timber but such cut­ equipment for the House which gives Uving tings should be done so that fish and the dire services which he provides. I would like to submit portions of this quarters to juveniles until they are awarded wildlife sources will not be hampered. I to foster parents by the juvenile courtS or include for the RECORD a copy of this res• article to the RECORD at this time: sent to Gatesville or Gainsv11le. olution for your consideration: [F1rom the Austin (Tex.) American, June 6, 1971] RESOLUTION CONCERNING LOGGING OPERATIONS ON AFOGNAK ISLAND POLICEMAN: HE's A MAN OF MANY TALENTS EULOGY TO SENATOR THOMAS J. Whereas: Afognak Island provides an im­ (By Crispin James) DODD portant fish and game resource for the peo­ If a policeman were just a policeman, his ple of the Kodiak Island area. life would be complex enough, but Mrs. Whereas: This resource is vi tal to the peo­ Albert Riley, 1511 Madison, wife of Patrol ple of the area as it is a source of economic Sergeant Albert Riley, says that her husband HON. JOHN J. FLYNT; JR. subsistence and income not otherwise avail­ is also a "minister, doctor, counselor, detec­ OF GEORGIA able to the people. tive in charge of lost car and house keys, and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATivES Whereas: Extensive timber cutting as per­ father." mitted by the Afognak Timber Sale of July, "Lt's getting to be that he's no longer just Tuesday, June 8, 1971 1968, to Columbia Lumber Co. by the U.S. a cop on the street but a professional man Mr. FLYNT. Mr. Speaker, I would like Forest Service may pose a grave threat to this who needs to h&ve patience beyond compre­ to associate myself with the remarks and resource. Because of the failure of the Forest hension in his contact with people," says Service and the Alaska Department of Fish Mrs. Riley, who is the newly elected presi­ tributes which have been paid to the late & Game to make adequate studies of the dent of the Austin Police Wives Club. Senator Thomas J. Dodd, of Connecticut. effects of such a logging operation, no as­ Mrs. Riley says that her husband can Thomas Dodd and I entered the House surances can be given that: "take everything in stride," but she does a of Representatives as freshmen in the 1. Salmon spawning streams won't be en­ pretty good job of that herself. She was told 83d Congress. Although we did not al­ dangered by siltation, raising of stream tem­ when her husband graduated from the pollee ways agree on matters before the Con­ peratures and increased stream runoff. academy that she "woUld have to live with gress, I always greatly admired his forth­ 2. Browsing areas for elk and deer and cold bisqults and cold, dried-up steaks" be­ rightness, determination, and willingness habitats of fur-bearing animals won't be cause her husband's schedule was going to drastically reduced. be unpredictable. to take a stand, popular or not, on sub­ 3. Regrowth of timber will assure a sus­ So, Mrs. Riley doesn't worry about missed jects which he felt to be of paramount tained crop of timber and that the area meals nor does she worry much about the importance to the well-being of our coun­ will have marketable timber following the dangers that her husba.nd has to face every try. This determination and forthright­ cutting. day. In fact, she usually doesn't know about ness was especially evident in matters of Whereas: The logging contract called for anything until it's over. national security. His loyalty and devo­ a 15 year period as the time necessary to She didn't know that a bullet had shat­ tion to our country are beyond question. complete the operation. Compliance with tered the window of the patrol ca.r her hus­ Senator Dodd's patriotism and out­ such environmental safeguards as are in the band a.nd another m.a.n were riding in six or standing public service to our Nation are existing contract will be dUllcUl t since less seven molliths ago in East Austin. Some of my than 12¥2 years remain to complete the con­ her friends at the Department of Publlc credits to his memory. I join with tract. Safety where she works heard the news on colleagues in paying tribute to a highly Therefore, be it resolved that: The people the radio a.nd told her a.bout it when she got dedicated American and a kind personal of the Kodiak Island area will oppose the to work. And, she didn't know about the friend. Ml's. Flynt joins me in extending Afognak Timber Sale Cut by any legal means car accidents that her husband was involved our condolences and deepest sympathy to available. in until he came home. Riley has been in Mrs. Dodd and her family. CXVII--1199-Part 14 19078 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971 JOSEPH SIMONE his name, the Joseph Simone Local 286 viding as much money as is necessary to Foundation Fund has been established develop such drugs. Our present expendi­ by the International Brotherhood of tures of $17.7 million are not nearly suf­ HON. JOSHUA EILBERG Pulp, Sulphite & Paper Mill Workers ficient. We should increase this amount OF PENNSYLVANIA Local 286, 2201 Pennsylvania Avenue, one-hundredfold. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Philadelphia, Pa. 19130. With the con­ Mr. PEPPER is to be commended for Wednesday, June 9, 1971 tributions received, the foundation will undertaking this study because it is sore­ assist various activities, organizations, ly overdue. We owe a responsibility to a Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, it is with and civic groups, and programs that will generation of young Americans that we deep regret that I note the passing this make the community a better place for are not only losing in Vietnam but are past month of a good friend, Joseph all citizens and will further the ideals aJso losing in our cities and towns. Sev­ Simone, a dedicated trade unionist, one held by Joseph Simone throughout his eral witnesses told our committee that of the founders of the Paper Workers life. there are drugs currently under investi­ Local 286 of the International Brother­ I bring this to the attention of my gation which would counteract the ef­ hood of Pulp, Sulphite, and Paper Mill colleagues not only to honor this great fects of heroin. The only things prevent­ Workers, AFL-CIO, and, above all, a citi­ man but to urge your support of this ing the rapid development of such drugs zen who lived with the American ideals most worthy foundation established in is the lack of money for research. of brotherhood and love of fellow man his memory so that his life's work will We members who sit in these Cham­ every day of his life. continue for the benefit of people every­ bers have for too long been derelict in His accomplishments on behalf of his where. I cannot overemphasize my sin­ our duty with regard to this question. fellow workers of the paper and paper cere belief in this foundation and the The House owes Mr. PEPPER a debt of converting industry are well known not work it was established to do. We have gratitude for bringing such an impor­ only in Philadelphia, his home city, but lost a fine American but we can insure tant area to both the attention of the across the Nation. As the international that his work goes on through our sup­ Congress and to the public. I am certain organization's international representa­ port of the Joseph Simone Local 286 that every dollar spent on such research tive in charge of the organization's ac­ Foundation Fund. by the Congress is the best investment tivities in the Philadelphia area for 16 we can make in insuring the health and years and cochairman of the local 286 welfare of our Nation. Certainly our cur­ health, welfare, and pension program, rent expenditures are far too small when Joseph Simone was drawn to the hearts NEED MULTILEVELED PROGRAM TO we realize that drug addiction costs this of numerous men and women of the in­ COMBAT DRUG ADDICTION country at least $4 billion every year. dustry by his unselfishness, drive, and I agree with Mr. PEPPER that surely continuous efforts on behalf of the peo­ our scientific community has the know­ ple of this most productive industry. As HON. MORGAN F. MURPHY how to develop such antagonist drugs. It a testimonial to Mr. Simone's idealism 0:5' ILLINOIS is therefore my hope that you will join and commitment, Henry Segal, treasurer IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with me in supporting the forthcoming and national political education director Wednesday, June 9, 1971 recommendations of Mr. PEPPER for pro­ of the international union, wrote re­ viding the necessary money to stimulate cently of him: Mr. MURPHY of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, such research. I know of no one anywhere in the trade last week I had the privilege of partici­ union movement that was more sincere pating in hearings held by the Select (and] dedicated to the cause of helping his Committee on Crime, so ably chaired by fellow man . . . He was truly a dedicated our distinguished colleague from Florida, leader and devote his entire lifetime to the EFFORT TO PERSUADE TURKEY TO cause of the underdog. He undertook to help CLAUDE PEPPER, COncerning the state of DESTROY OPIUM POPPY FIELDS many causes in addition to being a truly research being conducted by the Federal outstanding leader in the field of labor­ Government and private agents with re .. management relations ... (He) was not only spect to drug addiction. HON. HOWARD W. ROBISON respected by the members he represented Mr. PEPPER has brought into focus the OF NEW YORK but management, as well, had high praise for need for a multileveled program to com.. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES him because of his understanding of the bat drug addiction within this country. Wednesday, June 9, 1971 problems in the industry. He was fair and For too long, we have attempted to com­ honest in all of his a.ct1v1t1es. bat drug abuse by the use of law enforce .. Mr. ROBISON of New York. Mr. Simone's activities outside the indus­ ment tools alone. In the past 5 years, the Speaker, on May 13, 1971, the Senate try on behalf of numerous community number of customs and narcotics agents and the Assembly of the State of New organizations were also well known and has more than doubled yet officials from York passed Concurrent Resolution No. acclaimed. He assisted State of Israel both agencies have told the Congress 141, urging Congress to take all neces­ bond drives, the Catholic charities, and that less than 20 percent of the heroin sary steps to persuade the Government the civil rights movement, giving each smuggled into this country is seized. It is of Turkey to immediately destroy its enterprise his total commitment. quite clear that new avenues must be ex­ opium poppy fields before the 1971 He also worked to help retarded chil­ plored to combat the addiction crisis harvest. None of us needs to be reminded dren. He was active in the Jewish Labor caused by the heroin that reaches this that the narcotics problem in this coun­ Committee, Opportunities Industrializa­ country. try has reached a crisis point, yet the tion Center, Inc., St. Joseph College of As you know, I just returned from an justifications in this resolution dramat­ Industrial Relations, St. Joseph Hospital, inspection tour of South Vietnam where ically reinforce the dimensions of this the United Fund, and many other groups. the use of heroin among our military problem. One of Simone's most avid interests personnel has reached epidemic propor­ The urgency and concern expressed by was his political education work in the tions. It is conservatively estimated that this resolution are clear. New York state local 286 and the international union. In 15 percent of our men stationed there is not only calling upon Congress to act; recognition of this work, he was invited are heroin users. Heroin is readily avail­ this State, which is straining its budget to meet President Lyndon Johnson in the able to American servicemen in South to meet the needs of its citizens, is s.lso White House. Vietnam and it is cheap. But once these pledging its own funds. Born in 1912, Simone was a self-made men return home they find that they I insert the text of this resolution into man, went to work at an early a~e but must pay 10 to 15 times the amount they the RECORD, so that my colleagues may be completed his high school studies at spent in Vietnam to sustain their habits. aware of the intense conviction of the night. His self-education continued The source of that money, more often New York State Legislature that the throughout his life through wide reading than not, is criminal activity. personal misery and social deterioration on numerous and various subjects. Clearly, what is needed is a massive caused by drug addiction be halted. Simone was noted for his participation program to develop antagonist drugs to The resolution follows: in conferences and seminars. combat the spread of heroin addiction. RESOLUTION No. 141 To carry on the work conducted by The Federal Government shoU!ld and Whereas, Death from an overdose of her­ this true American and to memorialize must take the lead in this area by pro- oin represents the greatest single cause of June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19079 death among the youth of New York City; neglected to control the diversion of its THOUGHTS ON REVENUE SHARING and opium crop to lllegal channels; and Whereas, All efforts by local, state and Whereas, By the end of 1970, the Turkish federal law enforcement agencies to Inter­ government and nation has received in ex­ dict the smuggling of heroin Into the United cess of $5 blllion In military and economic HON. JOHN D. DINGELL States and Its sale within this state have assistance from our federal government OF MICHIGAN failed to curb this traffic; and which monies were raised in substantial part IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Whereas, On April 7, 1971, the New York through taxation of the citizens of this State Commission of Investigation reported state; and Wednesday, June 9, 1971 to the governor of this state that Whereas, The public statements of mem­ Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, pursuant "Law enforcement's approach to this prob­ bers of the Turkish Government on the prob­ to permission granted I insert into the lem has been Ineffective. The traffic In heroin lem of limiting the cultivation of the opium has not been curbed. Indeed, It is flourish­ poppy In Turkey have evidenced an a;ppa.lling CONGRESSIONAL RECORD at this point the Ing"; lack of concern about the crisis caused In text of an editorial from the June 7, And this state as well as this nation by Turkey's 1971, issue of the Christian Science Moni­ Whereas, The New York State Legislature failure to strictly enforce the international itor titled "Thoughts on Revenue Shar­ has four times in the last twenty years treaty binding it to destroy all opium poppy ing": amended the anti-narcotic laws of this state production not grown for legitimate pur­ poses; and THOUGHTS ON REVENUE SHARING to provide for both more severe and manda­ Round two of the Issue in Washington tory punishments for heroin traffickers with Whereas, Opium can be harvested only during one twenty-four hour period each over "revenue-sharing" has opened and it little effect on the traffic Itself; and finds us all a little less ignorant about the Whereas, Despite every effort by New York year, which period occurs during the last week of June or the first week of July each subject than when this all started. The first State to curb the Increases In the number of year; and round last year was a useful elementary persons addicted to heroin, the number of Whereas, The lllegal opium poppy pro­ course in which there was as much emotion identified addicts has Increased In New York duction dn Turkey intended for diversion to a.nd politics as light. Happily, some of the City alone from 52,000 in 1968 to an esti­ the heroin traffic can only be harvester· emotion has since been drained out--al­ mated 103,000 In 1971; and simultaneously and from the same fields a , though by no means all of the politics. Whereas, New York State is required to those devoted to the legitimate cultivatir .a We are now starting in again, this time at, spend over $100,000,000.00 annually directly of the opium poppy; and shall we say, the high school level. At this for the care, treatment, rehiabllltation and re­ Whereas, The world supply of legitimate higher level we begin again, knowing some training of a small fraction of the narcotic opium presently In stock Is sufll.cient to fairly Important further things, such as: addict population; and satisfy all legitimate needs for the fore­ The federal government has been sharing Whereas, The Addiction Services Agency of seeable future; and its revenues with the cities and states for a the City of New York will have spent over Whereas, Eighty-five percent of the heroin very long time. The issue Is not whether to $80 million during the 1970-71 fiscal year to supplied to the addicts of this state can be share, but whether to share in a different way assist 3,500 addicts and would require $2~ Interdicted if all the Turkish opium poppy and for changed purposes. billion to treat and care for only 100,000 of fields now under cultivation were destroyed The relative solvency of the federal gov­ the addicts now residing In the City of New prior to the approaching harvest date, which ernment versus the cities and states has York; and destruction can be accomplished for a frac­ altered. The federal government is now run­ Whereas, There are an estimated 15,000 tion of the present cost to this state re­ ning a big deficit. Most cities and states are narcotics addicts presently receiving welfare sulting from the traffic in heroin; now, less in danger of bankruptcy now than they assistance from the City of New York at a therefore, be it were a year or two years a;go; in fact ma.ny direct cost of over $50 million annually; and Resolved (if the Assembly concur), That cities and states are financially in better Whereas, The major portion of violent and the Congress of the United States be and shape than is the federal government (with other serious crimes committed In New York hereby is memorialized to take all neces­ some dramatic big city exceptions). City and the other cities of this State re­ sary steps to persuade the government of States which have the political courage to sults from the tragic need of heroin addicts Turkey to immediately destroy Its opium go over to the graduated income tax are bet­ to obtain funds to pay for the heroin they poppy fields before the 1971 harvest in re­ ter off than those which keep on trying to consume; and turn for reimbursement to its opium poppy solve their problems by older and less eqUi­ Whereas, In 1960, there were 1841 felony farmers of the damages suffered thereby table forms of taxation. There 1s no reason, arrests In New York State of persons charged from funds appropriated for that purpose other than lack of polltical courage, why with selllng narcotics or possessing narcotics by the State of New York and the United some cities and states can't take care of their In an amount sufficient to create a presump­ States Congress; and be it further own problems better than they are now do­ tion of Intent to sell and In 1969 there were Resolved (if the Assembly concur), That ing. 18,489 felony arrests in New York State for copies of this resolution be transmitted to The most controversial part of Mr. Nixon's this same crime, an Increase of 1000% and In the Congress of the Unl·ted States by for­ proposals for revenue sharing Is the free 1970, In New York City alone, there were warding one copy to the Secretary of the grant of $5 blllion for cities and states to 26,799 felony arrests In this category, a 44% Senate and one copy to the Clerk of the spend as they see fit, without federal strings. increase over the entire state-wide figure for House of Representatives, and one copy to The objection of the critics is that this money the year previous, so that our law enforce­ each member of the Congress from the State will end to go to those with the least need, ment agencies are being overwhelmed by the of New York and that the Jatter be urged rather than to those with the most. sheer numbers of narcotic sellers and addicts to devote themselves to the task of accom­ The specific concern of Democrats is that being processed through our criminal jus­ plishing the purposes of this resolution. under the Nixon proposals much of the five tice system; and billion could go to amuent white suburbs Whereas, It now appears that the only which tend to vote Republican rather than practical solution to halt the continued flood to the overcrowded inner cities which tend of heroin into the State of New Yock is the to vote Democratic. The administration of destruction of the opium poppy at its source; MAN'S INHUMANITY TO MAN-HOW course denies any such intent, or likelihood. and LONG? The least controversial part of the Nixon Whereas, It would be less expensive and proposals is for a rationalization of the pres­ more effective for the State of New York to ent chaos of specific federal grants-in-aid contribute toward the cost of preventing HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE programs. There are so many and some are opium cultivation than to concentrate Its OF IOWA so obscure that there probably is no liVing resources in treating heroin addicts or com­ person who could say exactly how many ba,tlng the huge and profitable traffic in nar­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES there are or whether cities and states are get­ cotics taking place on the streets of Its cities; Wednesday, June 9, 1971 ting from them all they might. and Yet each one of these old programs has its Whereas, Eighty-five percent of all the Mr. SCHERLE. Mr. Speaker, a child own devoted constituency which will battle heroin sold In the State of New York Is re­ asks: "Where is daddy?" A mother asks: to the end to save Its pride, and source of fined from the sap of the opium poppy "How is my son?" A wife asks: "Is my Income. (papaver somniterum) grown in Turkey; and husband alive or dead?" All revenue sharing, whether of the old Whereas, Opium, unlike other d!S.D.gerous Communist North Vietnam is sadis­ style now in efi'ect or the new Nixon style drugs, cannot be synthetically produced, nor tically practicing spiritual and mental under debate in the Congress, has the effect can it be cultivated in any but selected areas genocide on over 1,600 American prison­ of redistributing wealth in some way. It takes Within the world; and ers of war and their families. from the richer people and the richer states Whereas, To date Turkey has failed and and dispenses the results to the less wealthy. How long? If this process were applied in the form of 19080 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971 the federal government taking over the wel­ is a product of certain imbalances in the levels of government are presently in a state fare load two results would follow. States American federal system. These include a of crisis, but I believe the central cities face and cities would be relieved of their most near monopoly on the income tax by Con­ the deepest crisis of all. For while the na­ oppressive burden. And welfare would be gress, a too thea.vy reliance on the categorical tional government now has a near monopoly equalized throughout the country. This grant method of delivering Federal aid, and on the income, the central cities have a near would reduce the incentive to mass migration the fragmentation of political authority in monopoly on the problems. The states and of people which is itself a major cause of most of our metropolitan areas. counties drift somewhere in between. the overcrowded and explosive conditions in In the light of these problems, wha.t ca.n and I also believe that the national government the inner cities of North and West. should be done to restore balance to the fed­ has an obligation to finance the solutions to A Nixon purpose in revenue sharing is to eral system and to ensure its viability? Three urban problems. The federal government revive state and other forms of local govern­ major actions by the Federal Government holds the lion's share of taxing power, and it ment. It is highly doubtful that much of this could go a long way toward strengthening can afford to share its revenues to save our wlll happen. If it happened by federal grants the federal system. These are revenue shar­ cities, suburbs, and states. Furthermore, the to the local governments this would be a ing, grant consolidation (block grants), and levying of taxes must be on a federal basis form of paternalism, which never does work the assumption of all welfare costs. Each of because the central cities no longer have an too well. Probably, those local governments in these programs is geared to strengthening adequate tax base to finance the solutions the United States which solve their own the fiscal capability of State and local gov­ to their problems. And the federal govern­ problems best will be the most vigorous and ernments, to expanding the discretion of ment can readily levy taxes which would be long-lived. Those which lean most on the State and local governments, and to strength· political suicide for the local politician to try federal government wi]J probably continue ening chief executives and-generalists. to levy. to languish and lean. "Restoring power to State reforms must include instituting The imaginative federal revenue sharing the states" makes a good election-year slo­ structural changes such as granting the gov­ program promoted by President Nixon would gan. But power is seldom "restored." It can ernor the power to reorganize the admin­ go a long way toward solving the fiscal mis­ be regained by those vigorous enough to istrative structure of State government, and match which exists between the federal and take it. It is seldom just handed back. unshackling local governments so they will local governments. His revenue sharing pro­ be prepared to meet growing public service gram would also correct much of the inherent demands. ineffectiveness of the categorical grant sys­ City and county reforms must include not tem-a system which is simply incapable of FORUM ON FEDERALISM only the fiscal and administrative means to getting us where we want to go. Finally, it provide effective remedial action, but also would provide the Mayor with the authority the willingness and ab111ty to cooperate with he needs to fulfill his responsibUlties. HON. JAMES W. SYMINGTON other local units in jointly meeting public Therefore as a Mayor, I agree whole-heart­ OF MISSOURI service demands. edly with the establishment of President IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In summary, there must be a multi-faceted Nixon's revenue sharing system. It w1ll go a agenda for reform of Federal, State, and local long way toward making the new federalism a Wednesday, June 9, 1971 governments during the 1970's. We must aim reality. Mr. SYMINGTON. Mr. Speaker, the to redirect attention to the basic purpose of LAWRENCE K. ROOS St. Louis area was fortunate in being the federalism-to allocate resources and pro­ I a.m here to discuss the Federal System gram responsibillty among the various levels from the point of view of the Chief Execu­ site of the St. Louis University Forum on of government so as to secure as high a de· tive of a large urban county. Federalism, which was cosponsored by gree of decentralized decision-making as is I would like to recommend a three-part the Advisory Commission on Intergov­ consistent with providing maximum govern­ program to strengthen local government so ernmental Relations, the Missouri De­ mental service to our citizens. that it ca.n be more effective in meeting the partment of Community Affairs, and the GOV. RICHARD B. OGILVIE problems facing our central cities and sub­ Challenge of the Seventies. The series In simple terms, I believe that we must urbs. I propose first that we recognize that was initiated on January 25, 1971, and take a new and serious look at the role of the central city, while important in the well­ successfully concluded May 3, 1971. state and local governments in providing a being of the region, is no longer the key to The aim of the forum was to redirect way out of our country's present difficulties. metropolitan survival. For industry and com­ For the federal government in this age will merce have fled the central city for the sub­ attention to the basic purpose of fed­ always give priority to foreign affairs. A sys­ urbs. And middle and upper income citizens, eralism. tem has to be developed therefore, under including many of those capable of assuming The series included the following pub­ which domestic programs go forward regard­ the burden of civic leadership, have done lic officials: less of what international crisis is preoccupy­ likewise. Mr. Robert E. Merriam, chairman, ing Washington at the moment. Programs Second, I propose a larger role for county Advisory Commission on Intergovern­ which are administered locally and tailored government in the solution of urban prob­ mental Relations. to the peculiarities of a local situation are lems. The county government is able to as­ more likely to breed success than those con­ sume an expanded role because it has a Hon. Richard B. Ogilvie, Governor of ceived and operated by remote control from broad tax base which ensures financial sta­ Dlinois. Washington. The fifty states enjoy a con­ bllity, it has potential for the area-wide jur­ Hon. Alfonso J. Cervantes, Mayor of stitutional status of full and equal partner­ isdiction needed to solve those problems cov­ St. Louis. ship with the national government. And per­ ering whole regions, it has economies that Hon. Lawrence K. Roos, supervisor, St. haps most important of all, the character of are beyond the ca-pacity of smaller jurisdic­ Louis County. the American people demands decentralized tions, it has close ties with other govern­ Mr. William L. Gifford, special assist­ government. mental units, and it has political accounta- ant to the President. Many reasons for hope exist, such as a ·b111ty. growing awareness of the state's role in Thirdly, I propose increased financial and Mr. Robert E. Lee, Commissioner, dealing with the crisis of our cities. But one functional assistance to local government Federal Communications Commission. ominous fact continues to cast a shadow from Federal and State sources. Unless the Hon. Warren E. Hearnes, Governor of over the entire landscape of local responsi­ Federal government, through revenue shar­ Missouri. bility: state governments across the nation ing, provides local governments the finances Dr. Joseph E. McLean, chairman, De­ stand on the brink of fiscal disaster. with which to operate, the best structured partment of Urban Affairs, University of It is in this context that we must view and best intentioned agencies of local govern­ the bold revenue-sharing program enun­ ment wm be unable to fulflll their mission Pittsburgh. ciated by President Nixon. Let there be no within the Federal System. Hon. Murray L. Weidenb:aum, Assist­ mistake about it: the broad implications In conclusion, I submit to you that this ant Secretary of the Treasury for Eco­ of his historic proposal for revenue-sharing three-point program provides the best means nomic Policy. make it the most significant domestic pro­ of strengthening the local base of the Fed­ Dr. Merrimon Cuninggim, president, gram put forth by a national administra­ eral System, thereby assuring the survival of Danforth Foundation. tion in a generation. It seeks no less than those foundations of freedom which have made this nation great. I would like to draw the attention of to reverse the direction of the flow of politi­ cal power and give financial substance to our HON. WILLIAM L. GIFFORD my colleagues to a digest of their re­ federal system. And in the final analysis, the marks concerning revenue sharing, the case for revenue-sharing rests on the prop­ Ladles and gentlemen, I have come to tell separation of powers, and other aspects you of your President's firm commitment to osition that federal a.-evenue-sharing is the his plan to return control to you and to of Federal-State relationships: most effective means of redressing a basic local governments across the United States. DIGEST OF REMARKS OF SPEAKERS imbalance of power within the federal sys­ This plan rests upon two great legislative ROBERT E. MERRIAM tem. cornerstones: revenue sharing and reorga­ Since the Great Depression, the Federal MAYOR ALFONSO J. CERVANTES nization or the executive branch. Government's share of power, funds, andre­ The St. Louis University Forum on Fed­ The present structure of the federal gov­ sponsibUlty has grown immensely. This eralism has asked me to describe how a Mayor ernment is not adequate to perform many growth of national domestic responsib111ties views our federal system. It lis clear that all government functions. Responsibillties have June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19081 been so divided and sub-divided among taxing power from the spending power, my grown and then waned again. Today, we are departments that frequently no department plan would be a move in the direction of in another period of mounting interest. has the authority to solve our many-faceted clearly pinpointing the responsibility for The Nixon Administration's Federal rev­ problems. For this reason, the President has various programs. enue sharing proposal was very painstak­ asked that the present twelve Cabinet De­ In practice, however, Congress is only lend­ ingly developed. Many man-months of time partments be reduced to eight. ing support for a. partial takeover of state and effort went into its design. In both It would be a mistake to think of revenue welfare costs by the federal government. concept and detail, it is intended to be a sharing as a total giveaway of money and Since our states and cities need more than nonpartisan plan offered in good faith. responsibility to the states and cities. It is partial relief, I support the measure most There are four basic points to revenue not that. The federal government intends to likely to afford that relief-the general sha.ring that need to be emphasized. First, a retain a major share of responsibility for revenue sharing plan of President Nixon. I modest portion of the annual growth in those areas which touch the lives of all withhold judgment on h1s special revenue Federal revenues is earmarked for general citizens regardless of state or city boundaries. sharing plan until all the details are spelled aid to State and local governments. Hence, But responsib111ty for local areas should be out for purposes of analysis. general revenue sharing will neither re­ returned to the localities. Your local admin­ There is a. growing demand in Missouri quire a rise in tax rates nor a reduction in istrators understand your needs better than for the state government to give financial any existing government programs. those at the federal level. They live and work assistance to the cities. But our recent experi­ Second, the revenue sharing money is in your community. And in most cases, they ence shows that the odds are heavily against distributed to each State, city and county in ar~ elected by you and are much more re­ the tax increase that would be necessary for a fair and equitable manner. The allocation sponsive to your needs. state-looal revenue sharing. Since the federal is made according to precise and painstak­ In government, real power is invested in government his largely preempted the na­ ingly developed formulas contained in the those who make the decisions as to how tion's most progressive tax source, the income Federal statute. The overall impact tends public funds w11l be spent. It is precisely tax, we must look in that direction for fi­ to be mildly equalizing, that is, the poorer this power that the President wants to return nancial help rather than to the regressive States obtain a larger share than their to the state and local levels of government. sales and property taxes which have drawn wealthier neighbors. such strong public opposition. There is much that needs doing. The Third, each local government is allotted problems ot' our society are not insurmount­ Now is the time for our governmental a portion of its State's revenue sharing al­ able; but they are very real and the time structure to be overhauled, and there is no location based on its actual revenue collec­ to act is now. If the Administration and the reason to think it will be done quickly or tions rather than its potential a.bllity to Congress can work together to enact legis­ without a fight. But I consider the goal of mise revenues. As a resuLt, central cities will lation that w111 meet these problems, we will bringing government back to the people fare substantially better than their suburban once again have proved the worth of our worthwhile, and I intend to maintain my neighbors. democratic form of government. long-standing commitment to that goal. Fourth, the States, cities, and counties re­ HON. ROBERT E. LEE DR. JOSEPH E. M'LEAN ceiving the money will make the decisions Ladies and gentlemen, I am proud to take I feel privileged to be invited to participate ss to which purpose the funds should ibe a. place among the distinguished speakers of in the Forum on Federalism here at St. directed. Financial reporting to the Treasury the St. Louis University Forum on Federalism Louis University. I was asked to present an will be required simply to assure that the and to address you on the role of the com­ educator's view of federalism, and so I will money is spent for a lawful governmental munications media in shaping our fed­ present some of my own thoughts, questions, purpose and in a non-discriminatory man• eralism. and reservations on the American federal­ ner. The local voters, rather than any Fed• The great Federal interest in the use of ism. eral official, will review the wisdom and effec. communications is shown in the law which Almost any public problem you can men­ tiveness of the expenditures. establishes the Federal Communications tion tods.y involves 8111 of the lawyers of gov­ CONGRESSMAN JAMES SYMINGTON Commission, and which charges it to fulfill ernment. Thus it is necessary that the dif­ Our Founding Fathers took care to dis· its many functions. These functions include ferent layers of government cooperate. It tribute governmental powers between the classifying radio stations, prescribing the na­ is the development of fraternal cooperation states and the national government in such ture of their service, and regulating the rates among the different branches of government a way that a. balance of power existed be­ that are charged for interstate telephone that reflects the essential feature of the new tween two equal spheres. But for many rea­ and telegraph messages. The Commission also federalism. Intergovernmental relations has sons, the last two hundred years have seen has the enormous responsibility of finding become an outmoded term. The essential the powers of the central government grow new uses for radio communications. And it relations are now human-interpersonal and far beyond the realm envisioned by the plays an important role in supplying educa­ intraprofessional-rather than legalistic or intergovernmental. Founding Fathers. tional TV to the public and in encouraging The proponents of revenue sharing claim the wider use of radio frequencies. Mr. Nixon has made some progress toward two major benefits from the plan. They ar­ What inhibits the performance of these the "collabor81tive federalism" by taking gue that, in addition to restoring financial functions? I think the answer is money. The steps to cut the red tape of bureaucracy well-being to states and cities, it wlll also communications media continue to be a low through the reorganization of the federal restore appropriate discretionary powers to priority on every Mayor's budget, and Con­ government, and by moving toward block state and local officials. gressional subsidizing cannot continue in­ grants and revenue sharing. definitely. And since communications are not On the matter of revenue sharing, I en­ But on a level more profound than the a regular function of government, revenue dorse the principle, but I am not certain fiscal, it seems from my perspective as a Con­ sharing is not the answer for funding the whose concept is involved. Personally, I gressman, that another gap exists in the communications world. It is my suggestion prefer the Henry Reuss bill which would federal structure. Federalism is also a balance that we seek every possible means of finding provide federal block grants to those states within the central government whereby the the funds to serve the large and growing pub­ and localities which demonstrate an inten­ Congress, as the direct link between the peo­ lic need. As a possible method, I suggest that tion to modernize their government. ple of the states and the national govern­ full exploration be given to using a national ment. fulfills a vital role. Two of Congd"ess's Most colleges and universities are ob­ most important powers in this scheme are lottery for this purpose. viously in financial dlfficultles, and many To conclude, communications media have the authority over appropriations and the are looking toward the state and federal foreign policy prerogatives-primarily the shaped, are shaping, and will increasingly levels for support. Whether such support shape our form of government. We must con­ power to wage war. Yet these are areas of wlll come in the form of direct aid to stu­ declsion which have increasingly been ab­ stantly increase our understanding of the dents or in the form of grants to the institu­ dynamics of the communications world, and tions is a large question mark. But federal sorbed into the purview of White House ad­ we must spend the money necessary to shape fellowships and training grants should be visers. The President's arbitrary decision to that world, or it will shape us without our given to improve state and local government withhold funds which the Oongress has ap­ knowledge and in forms which we would find managerial capacities. propriated is veiled interference with this distasteful or disastrous. Despite the prophecies of doom about our distribution of powers. And five times within the past ten years, the American President GOV. WARREN E. HEARNES cities, I believe that a moral commitment to reorder our priorities and a strengthen· has intervened in foreign nations without I would like to discuss with you part of my ing of our spiritual sense can enable us to Oongressional consultation. own philosophy on federalism and some of continue evolving our federal system to meet It is the conditions which permit such a the practical improvements that need to be made in our system of government. the urban crisis of our time. situation to occur which really threaten our Philosophically, I would prefer a complete MURRAY L. WEIDENBAUM federal system. It is incumbent upon the federal takeover of welfare costs to the The general concept of revenue sharing Congress to reassert its role and to require revenue sharing concept. With more money goes back to the earliest days of the Re­ the executive branch to be accountable to in state budgets by that action, the states public. In 1836, the Congress endorsed a the people's representatives for its actions. could then assume the cost of some services form of revenue sharing when it voted to It was in this spirit that James Madison now financed by cities. And while revenue distribute surplus Federal funds to state wrote: "You must first enable the govern­ sharing would tend to create gray-areas of governments. Since then, interest in shar­ ment to control the governed; and in the governmental responsibility by separating the ing Federal revenues with the States has next place oblige it to control itself." 19082 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971

MR. MERRIMON CUNINGGIM your hearts and present themselves to your an American by being received in the broad It is, o! course, an honor to be invited and minds 68 you become an integral part of this lap of our great Alma Mater. a privilege to address the St. Louis University wonderful country. "Americans," Crevecoeur wrote two hun­ Forwn on Federalism. Those of us who were born here may have dred years ago, "Americans are a new race of All kinds of serious and seemingly objec­ a tendency to take for granted the ~ny men whose labours and posterity will one tive criticisms of the new federalism have great things that go to make up this awe­ day cause great change in the world. Ameri­ been heard across the land, but the really some land. But, you, you have chosen to be­ cans are carrying along that great mass of serious problems, to my mind, number three. come citizens of the United States of Amer­ arts, sciences, vigor and industry which be­ The first is the sense of powerlessness that ica, you have opted for this country, you gan long since and they will finish the circle. our chosen leaders seem to have, and the have had to prepare yourself and to qualify Here they are incorporated into one of the incapacity of our agencies to perform the for naturalization. finest systems of population which has ever effective work that the public once expected No one handed you Amerioan citizenship. appeared. of them as a matter of course. You wanted it, you earned it. I sense, then, "The American ought, therefore, to love Second, one of the most serious problems that you must love deeply this country and this country much better than that wherein we face is the uncontrolled partisanship of toot for which it stands. he or his forefathers were born. Here the re­ many of our public officials. Uost public And I promise you, you will learn to love it wards of his industry follow the progress of officials practice one or another kind of parti­ even more, if you involve yourself with it, if his labour; his labour is founded on self­ sanship when their duties call for them to you tra.ve\ about and see it in all tts gran­ interest. try to speak and act on behalf of the general deur, if you will continue to study its his­ "The American is a new man, who acts welfare. tory, compare its basic values, learn its ac­ upon new principles; he must therefore en­ The third is the most serious problem of complishments. There is no other country tertain new ideas and form new opinions. all. This is the depression into which the like tt in the world. And, 68 an American, This is an American." American spirit has fallen. The whole citi­ you will find there is no one like you in I find as we approach the two hundred·th zenry, leaders and followers alike, are suffer­ the world. anniversary of the birth of our nation, that ing from this great disease. We sense that the America has been called a melting pot. those attributes have not changed. No mat­ system won't work any longer. There is no That, it is not. No one is pressured into dis­ ter what surface strains there appear, we are use in trying. This is the end. carding the heritage of his native la.nd. After one na-tion, under God, indivisible, with lib­ Is there any hope at all? I think there is, all, everyone here is an immigrant or de­ erty and justice for all. and I want to mention three signs of hope scended from immigranrts to America. The The scenes of dissent and civil disobedience that make me, on balance, more optimistic first English settlers have intermingled with that seem to dominate our television screens than pessimistic. First, I want to cite the the Scots and the Irish and the Dutch and are in the most part evidence of the vigor strength of the private sector as a hope for the Jews and the Swedes and the Africans and the youth of our society, always seeking better government in this country. In light and the French Huguenots and the Germans to update itself, to give voice to opinion to of the serious problems of the non-profit, and the Italians and the Poles and the Rus­ make our government not only viable but tax exempt agencies that serve the general sians and the Japanese and the Chinese and relevant, to use a much overworked word. welfare, such as our private universities, it is the Latin-Americans. All of them have Nevertheless, the basic characteristics, truly remarkable that they possess as much brought their strength, not only of their those values that so entranced the French capacity as they do, and as much willingness, bodies and hearts, but of their minds and immigrant many generations ago, are stlll to serve the public good to the full level of their cultures. We retain the pride in each there. We as Americans respect industrious­ their own resources. heritage and give recognition to it, but we ness. We cherish freedom. We make our A second element of hope I see is the have all been blended into the American wishes known to the government so that its relative openness o! communication that pattern. laws reflect our society as it exists today. exists in this society. The American public Out of this blending of inheritance, en­ Where in the world-ever-a.t any time-­ is better informed about the news of the vironment, historical experience has come a has democracy, government of the people, day than any other citizenry, and this is an character called "American". This wonderful worked as well? immense asset. diversity of the American social scene, the And when it doesn't, where in the world mixture of races and people, culture andre­ does the citizen have as much access to The third element of hope is, for me, the ligions, somehow fuses into a unity vindicat­ most important. It is the social conscience means of making his opinions known? of the public. This social conscience, which ing our national motto, E Pluribus Unum, The American 1s a very singular human is especially characteristic of the younger one out of many. being. He may take and does take pride in Just what is a new American? Now that generation, is our last best hope. his institutions, in his way of life, in 1Ns you are, you may be interested to hear what form of government, in his family and another new American said about that in neighbors, and not by any means least, his 1782, almost two hundred years ago. He was land. As Frank Hill said, "There 1s certain a transplanted F1renchman named Creve­ RALPH EDWARDS-SALUTE look of earth in America.." The grea.t dimen­ coeur. who took to farming the new land. sions of mountad.ns and lakes, of rivers a.nd TO NEW AMERICANS Here is what he wrote, addressing himself valleys, of masses of trees and shrubs, of to the question, "What is an American.?" goldenrod and pecan and redwood and sage You will le8irn that we ha.ve not changed and chaparral and yucca and orange-flamed HON. ALPHONZO BELL much since. poppies. There are the sculptured domes of OF CALIFORNIA "This new continent," he wrote, "is not Yosemite and its waterfall plunging more composed of great lords who possess every­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES than a sheer half mile from cliff to plain. thing and of a herd of people who have noth­ There 1s the painted chasm of the Colorado Wednesday, June 9, 1971 ing. Here are no ar1stocr81tica1 families, no River, the Grand Qanyon. There 1s the eerie invisible power. Here man is free as he ought sun-drenched blue of the Great Salt Lake, Mr. BELL. Mr. Speaker, recently a dis­ to be. Nor is this pleasing quality transitory. tinguished constituent of mine, Mr. the spume o! Yellowstone geysers, the thun­ "By what power has this surprising meta­ derdng power of the Niagara Falls, the stone Ralph Edwards of "This Is Your Life," morphosis been performed? By tha.t of the and steel cities reflecting symbols of the addressed a large number of new U.S. laws, and that of theLr industry. The laws, most man-m&de-powerful nation in the citizens in Los Angeles. With so many the indulgent la.ws, protect them as they world. problems confronting us both here and arrive, stamping on them the symbol of adop­ America has the clearest title to its own abroad, we too seldom allow ourselves tion; they receive ample rewards for their quality. the oppo:r:tunity to reflect on the great­ la.bours. These accumulated rewards may And to be American ls to recdgnize that procure them la.nd, confer on them the title quality and sing with feeling those eloquent ness of our people, the grandeur of our of freedom and to that title every benefit Nation. Mr. Edwards' moving statement words of prayer written by Katherine Lee is affixed which men can possibly require. Bates in 1895 as a paean o! praise to this at the Salute to New Americans is a That is the great operation dally performed land, your land now, and mine: timely reminder of what it means to be by our laws? "From whence proceed those laws? The "Oh, beautiful, for spa.clous skies an American. I believe a thoughtful re­ For a.mber waves of grain view of his remarks would prove refresh­ government. "Whence that government? It is derived For purple mountains majesty ing to all of us: from the original genius and strong desire Above thy fruited plain. RALPH EDWARDs--SALUTE TO NEW AMERXCANS of the people. America, America I Welcome! "He is an American who, leaving behind God shed His grace on thee And crown thy good This is indeed a memorable occasion and I him all his ancient prejudices and manners, With brotherhood am honored to have been asked to be a part rueives new ones from the new mode of life From sea to sh1ning sea." of it. I wish I could be acquainted with the :o~ has embraced, the new government he feelings and thoughts which must agitate obeys and the new rank he holds. He becomes Thank you and congratulations to you all. June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19083 NEWSLETTER TO CONSTITUENTS I have attended meetings and spoken to Provide a national health insurance pro­ groups in the Mt. Washington, Echo Park and gram to provide adequate health care pro­ East Los Angeles areas. Also, it was my tection. privilege and honor to be the guest speaker Protect consumers on finance charges and HON. GEORGE E. DANIELSON this year at the solemn ceremonies com­ in cases of erroneous billing. OF CALIFORNIA memorating Armenian Martyrs Day in Mon­ Encourage the medical profession to prac­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tebello, in remembrance CY! the 1.5 million tice among the urban poor. martyrs who were the first victims of gen­ Equalize income tax rates for single persons Wednesday, June 9, 1971 ocide in the 1900's. to match rates for married persons. PUBLIC WORKS AND FROZEN FUNDS Increase cancer research. Mr. DANIELSON. Mr. Speaker, this E6tablish a Joint COinmittee on the En­ week I am sending a combined newsletter Although I was successful in prying loose vironment. and brief questionnaire to my constitu­ funds for the Monterey Park water main Ellm1nate illegal entry of narcotics from ents in California's 29th Congressional project from the Department of Housing and abroad, provide better medical treatment for Urban Development, the Administration has known narcotic addicts, and combat drug District. I would like to insert the text of frozen approximately $12.7 blllion in already this report in the REcoRD at this point: abuse in the Armed Forces. appropriated funds for s1mllar urban pro­ Establish an independent Consumer Pro­ A REPORT TO THE PEOPLE FROM CONGRESSMAN grains. tection Agency. DANIELSON These frozen funds could help alleviate Increase Social Security benefits and in­ Dear Friends: As your Representative in unemployment and lost jobs. I was a spon­ crease outside earnings limitation. Congress, one of my most important func­ sor of the Accelerated Public Works Act, to Establish a Juvenile Justice Institute. tions is to provide a link between the sprawl­ make more of these funds available for areas Create a Select Committee on the Aging ing Federal bureaucracy 8illd the govern­ where unemployment is unusually high, and in the House of Representatives. mental units and individual citizens in our the House of Representatives has already Provide incentive for the motion picture 29th District. In order to represent you well, voted to approve this plan. I also introduced industry to produce movies in the United it is important that I know how you feel on a resolution urging the President to release States rather than abroad. the issues that come before Congress. the previously appropriated funds. VIETNAM WAR-TROOP WITHDRAWAL-POW Some of the major domestic issues facing COMMITTEE ASSIGNMENTS the 92nd Congress, which convened on Janu­ RELEASE I have been assigned to two of the most ary 21, include welfare reform, health insur­ I have joined in sponsoring the "Propor­ ance, inflation, revenue sharing, and the per­ important committees in Congress-Judiciary tional Repatrta.tiOID." resolution calling on formance of some of our government agen­ and Veterans' Affairs. Judiciary considers the President to negotiate withdrawal of cies. It is becoming increasingly evident that such matters as court organization, prison American m.lUtary personnel from Southeast one of the underlying questions this year is administration, civil rights, antitrust laws, claims against the Federal government, im­ Asia, based on a simultaneous proportional the extent to which the Federal government release of our prisoners of war, specifying should use the tax resources to help finance migration, constitutional amendments, etc. that 5% of the American troops will be With­ industries and programs which traditionally The title "Veterans' Affairs" is self-explana­ drawn each time 5% of our prisoners are have been financed by private industry or tory. I am on the Hospitals Subcommittee released. There are proper safeguards, and by local government. In my questionnaire, I and I was also named to a special subcom­ the resolution proposes December 24, 1971, a.s am seeking your opinion on some of these is­ mittee which looked into the San Fernando the target date for completion; however, ne­ sues. I hope you wm take a few moments to Veterans Hospital tragedy resulting from the gotia-tors could set another date. Everyone February earthquake. I have introduced a give me the benefit of your opinions by fill­ agrees on getting out of this tragic and costly ing out and returning this questionnaire. resolution proposing that a new replacement I hospital be built in Los Angeles (preferably war, but the only difference is how Every questionnaire is subject to the criti­ NAMED ASSISTANT WHIP cism that the questions are not framed pre­ on Los Angeles County property near the cisely as every respondent might have pre­ General Hospital), and have also joined in One outgrowth of the push this year for ferred. This is unavoidable because the me­ sponsoring legislation to make earthquake reform of the seniority system was my elec­ chanics of tallying the results make it neces­ insurance more readlly avallable to home­ tion as Assistant Majority Whip, with re­ sary to hold the answers to the basic "yes" owners. sponsibllities covering the entire State of or "no" or "not sure". Recently I visited McDonnell Douglas Auto­ CaUfornia. This post has gone to a new Although I have been involved in many mation Company, a division of McDonnell Member of the House only once before. other decisions and activities, I believe the Douglas Corporation, to obtain information There are nineteen Whips covering the information in this report gives you some on how a major aerospace company has suc­ nation, and we attend weekly leadership idea. of this session's activities thus far. If cessfully applied computer and management meetings wlith Speaker carl Albert and we work together, we can achieve better gov­ techniques to non-aerospace applications. others. Each A&:ilstant Whip relays ·to Con­ ernment. I look forward to your help. Unemployment figures have soared, and the gressmen in his zone a steady :flow o! ill!for­ Very truly yours, Los Angeles County jobless rate hit 7.5% in mation, and provides the House leadership GEORGE E. DANIELSON, March. Much of this involves the aerospace with as accurate a picture as possi'ble for the Member of Congress. industry. I am convinced that facUlties of views of these Members on pending legisla­ this type can help alleviate unemployment tion. I enjoy this added privllege and respon­ CONGRESSIONAL REFORM because they can be adapted to the needs of siblllty, and hope you share my pride in hav­ There has been a good deal of criticism hospitals, schools, utllity companies, federal, ing our 29th District represented a.t these during the past several months regarding the state and local governments, and a wide range top level meetings. archaic and cumbersome operation of Con­ of commercial uses. My visit was arranged Laws passed by Congress express :the intent gress. I'm happy to report that some im· by a constituent from the 29th District, by that al'l citizens should exercise their right provements were made early this year, in­ the way-Robert Canny, of Mt. Washington to vote I Remember! There is a Special Elec­ cluding: West, who is a McDonnell Douglas Program tion in part of our District to fill the vacancy A recorded teller vote system which pre­ Manager. in the 27th State Senatorial District--Tues­ vents any Member from being able to hide VOTING RECORD day, June 22d. important votes from the public as in the I am pleased to have one of the best past. attendance records on the Floor of the House A procedure was established for the first of Representatives. Through May 31, I was time permitting the challenging of the ap­ absent for only four recorded votes-none TO RENEW A COMMITMENT pointment of a committee chairman. of which were closely enough contested so A new rule was adopted providing that no that my vote would have changed the result, Congressman can hold more than one sub­ and even so, only when it was unavoidable. committee chairmanship. This gives me an overall record of 94% HON. CHARLES J. CARNEY DISTRICT NOTES on voting attendance. OF OHIO On my trips to our District, I visited many FLAGS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES communities, meeting with constituents, Your Congressional office processes many Wednesday, June 9, 1971 local officials and others, in my continuing requests for United States :flags. We can ob­ effort to maintain close contact with those tain these :flags for schools, scout groups, vet­ Mr. CARNEY. Mr. Speaker, Congress whom I represent. erans' organizations and other appropriate has before it the chance to forcefully re­ At a meeting of the Monterey Park City groups. Prices for flags, which are then flown new this country's commitment to "elim­ Council, at which revenue sharing was dis­ over the Capitol, are as follows: 3x5, $3.35; inate the paradox of poverty in the midst cussed, I was surprised and honored to be 5x8, $6.22; 8x1Z, $14.85. of plenty." It took up this commitment awarded a plaque from the city, commending me and naming me as one of its honorary MAJOR BILLS INTRODUCED in 1964 and has supported the economic citizens. I have Introduced or cosponsored approxi­ opportunity programs through their All of us, of course, can share in the pride mately 40 bills and resolutions already this hectic early years, their many successes, of the City of San Gabriel in our 29th Dis­ year and would like to list them all, but space and their few failures. In the continuing trict, which this year is celebrating the Bi­ does not permit. Some of the more important debate and concern over the character centennial of 1ts fa.med Mission. ones are intended to: of the "War on Poverty," four Con- 19084 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971 gresses have deeply involved themselves tacts with the people in their commu­ strong emphasis on the local initiative in a constructive effort to evaluate, im­ nities. And, when rural or other needs programs which have formed the core prove, and more firmly establish the call for it, they have operated from a of economic opportunity programs and best results of the efforts made under the mobile base or multiservice center to made them the model of other assist­ Economic Opportunity Act of 1964. bring them in contact with everyone ance programs. House Resolution 40, a bill to extend the needing their assistance. They truly By current standards, over 25 million programs of the Economic Opportunity serve in the fashion of the smalltown people in the United States live in pov­ Act for 5 more years, has my full support lawyer with a special concern for their erty. The number has declined from as a major contribution to this history of community. about 36 million in 1964, due, in part, reasoned congressional backing for the On a broader level, the legal services to the leadership of the economic op­ Federal antipoverty efforts. program aims at providing direct legal portunity programs. This leadership has The antipoverty programs under the advice and representation to the poor. It strongly influenced the line departments Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 have advocates improvements and changes in and agencies in the direction of com­ developed, through a process of experi­ laws and institutions which are not re­ munity action and a two-way rather mentation, evaluation, and community sponsive to the needs of the poor. The than _one-way approach to assisting the participation, into a unique group of projects provide education in legal rights poor. A reduction of over 10 million Federal activities. They have earned our and responsibilities and try to improve in the number of poor Americans should respect both for their effectiveness and opportunities for self-advancement give us the confidence to tackle the re­ for their innovative involvement of com­ among the poor through economic de­ maining task. It is a job that will not munities in creating and taking advan­ velopment programs and mobilization of be any easier than that of the anti­ tage of opportunities to break out of the community resources. The legal services poverty operations over the last 6 years, crushing environment of poverty. This program now has over 260 field projects, especially, since the number of poor is special effort to tackle the problems of about 900 neighborhood locations and rising over 1970 figures. We must re­ the poor, unique in its concentration on more than 2,000 attorneys serving large mind ourselves that as John Garner the poor and comprehensive scope, holds cities, small towns, and rural areas. To said in 1969: a promise that Government programs supplement the work of the lawyers, ap­ The poverty that remains after decades of do not have to have a single dimension proximately 500 nonprofessional staff unprecedented affluence is not like the pov­ of assistance through established proc­ members, drawn from the communities erty that was once widespread in this coun­ esses and frameworks. They can help being served, have been employed. Over try. It is the hard core that remains. . . . change institutions where they block the It is poverty at its most stubborn; poverty 900,000 cases were handled in fiscal 1970, rooted 1n the social disintegration of urban efforts of the poor to restructure their up by 300,000 from the year before. This and rural slums; poverty linked to severe lives; and they can do it through the year legal services attorneys will prob­ cultural deprivation; poverty complicated by people, with participation. ably deal with well over 1 million cases. llliteracy, physical handicap, advanced age. Each of the programs under the Eco­ All this has been achieved at a decreas­ or mental retardation. nomic Opportunity Act, whether in OEO, ing cost per case-only an average of This is the type of challenge that the HEW, or the Labor Department, pro­ $59 per case in fiscal 1970. economic opportunity programs are best vides a solid reason, in itself, to support Along with the huge volume of cases suited to meet. They have the dedicated an extension of the programs. This ex­ handled, several landmark decisions have people-both on their own staffs and tension must be long enough to allow for been won by legal services attorneys, in­ among the community participants. planning well into the future and to as­ cluding a U.S. Supreme Court decision They have the experience, earned over sure continuing backing to the projects ruling that residency requirements for 6 years of hard work and continuous undertaken. The necessity for planning the receipt of welfare benefits were un­ evaluation. And they have the respect and continuing support is especially cru­ constitutional. In recognition of this suc­ of the people who work with them and cial in this area of Government pro­ cess, the legal services program was those of us in Congress, for their proven graming because the projects begun elevated to an independent status within willingness to fight and innovate. under the Economic Opportunity Act de­ OEO during fiscal 1970 and has had its pend very largely upon the nurturing of budget increased over the years from $29 a spirit of involvement and participation million in fiscal year 1967 to over $61 and the creation of a close relationship million in fiscal year 1971. OUR MALIGNED POLICE and sense of trust between the program But what are the needs this program and the people at the local level. aims to serve? Estimates of the number The legal services program is one af of problems that the poor have which HON. JOEL T. BROYHILL the major successes of the Economic Op­ should receive legal attention range from OF VIRGINIA portunity Act. Since its founding as a a conservative 5 million per year to as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES part of the community action program high as 15 million. Even in this very Wednesday, June 9, 1971 of OEO, it has grown and taken on a basic and successful program a large character all its own. This character was task still remains. In other economic op­ Mr. BROYHILL of Virginia. Mr. not the result of legislation or ad­ portunity programs a similar challenge Speaker, I recently received one of the ministrative directive, but came from must be faced and it is incumbent on us most thoughtful" and moving letters I the intense devotion and wide abilities to match the involvement and dedication have read in many years from Mrs. of the people who took part in the pro­ of people like the VISTA volunteer, the Charles Wissler, of McLean. Va., written gram. That involvement created a strong legal services lawyer, and the commu­ in behalf of the devoted men who are trust and confidence in the communities nity participants who make all the pro­ charged with defending us and are all too in which each project grew. Sometimes grams work, with a renewed commitment often maligned while we sit silently by, a project's success was not easy and had over a long term. too unconcerned or apathetic to speak up to be forged through a debate over goals The very success of the economic op­ in their defense. and methods. But this too has served to portunity programs, along with other As I believe Mrs. Wissler's words de­ link each legal services project even parts of the whole Federal effort to deal serve the widest possible audience, I in­ more closely with the community it with poverty, now tends to bring us to sert her letter in full at this point in the serves. a point where we, as a nation, are RECORD: The close involvement of legal services tempted to let these programs be con­ MAY 28, 1971. Hon. JOEL T. BROYHILL, with the areas it serves has generated tinued for 2 years without a direct evi­ new roles for legal services attorneys. House of Representatives, They have played major parts in Cl·eat­ dence of our interest and concern. H.R. Washington, D.O. ing community-based economic develop­ 40 takes a step beyond mere passive con­ DEAR CONGRESSMAN BROYHTI..L: Today, as tinuance of authorizations for the anti­ I returned to my home from teaching my ment projects such as grocery stores and dally College class schedule, I saw members housing corporations. They have served poverty activities. It establishes the in­ of the Metropolltan Police Force returning as the impetus for courses in poverty law tent of Congress that these programs from the funeral of Metropolitan Police Of­ in over half of the accredited law schools be continued for 5 years and delineates ficer William L. Sigmon, thirty-four-year-old in the country. They have emphasized a 10-percent increase in authorizations father of two small children and an out­ preventive legal education in their con- each year. Furthermore, it places standing member of his church and com- June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF R-EMARKS 19085 munity. ThiS young police officer died in an this fight in the interest of public peace and we come, as a people, that 9ur policemen in armed robbery gun battle with,"'... a quiet quiet. His life, his uniform and badge, in the line of duty and service to society, must young thing ... like the high school girl next better days symbols of peace, order, and re- literally fear for their lives each time they door,' ..." and "The bearded man with . spect, meant nothing to these young hood­ step out in the streets of our cities? How whom she had lived for . two years- . . . lums; authority and respect for the rights of much longer can we expect these dedicated especially nice ..." (Washington Post, May other citizens meant nothing to them. All men and women to remain loyal to a public 26, 1971). that mattered was that their right to "do which often insults, if not ignores, them until These two apparently "harmless" citizens, their thing" and "brawl in public like wild that moment when they are needed to risk along with their confederate, Mr. Caldwell, animals" was being questioned by this "pig" their lives to protect us? "'one of the nicest and kindest boys that I who was interfering with their civil rights. We, as a people seem to have reversed our knew in his generation.'" (Washington Post, It did not seem to matter one whit that the values; we confuse night with day. We ha.ve May 28, 1971) , stole money which did not rights, even the potential right to life itself, warped and twisted every spiritual, moral, belong to them and ended their amusement -was being denied this police officer and the physical, and patriotic element we once held binge by shooting officer Sigmon in the back, law-abiding citizens he sought to help; they dear. We refuse to be bothered when our injuring him fatally, as they fled the scene did not care that they were stealing, grind­ children come home and inform us tha.t they of their robbery of a MacArthur Bouieva.rd ing underfoot, muddying, demeaning the ca.n no longer sing Christmas carols in school savings and loan firm in Washington, D.C. heart of our system of justice by defying because the word "God" is mentioned, a word Increasingly, Congressman Broyhlll, our the peace and order for which it supposedly which the founders of our Nation relied upon police officers, protector of our rights and stands! A cop, a dirty name hardly fit to and a help to whom they prayed for guid­ enforcer of the law you help create, are be­ cross their lips, had dared to step between ance. We casually ya.wn, have another Mar­ coming prime targets for such people who them in an effort to stop their dangerous and tini, and try to forget that television news­ feel reasonably sure that, even if appre· senseless brawl! cast we just saw of the burial of a young hended, they wlll be figuratively "slapped on Most reprehensible of all-several "good police officer slain while defending our prop­ the wrist" by our judicial system, told "to be citizens" simply stood by while this officer erty and remaining rights. a good boy and not misbehave again" and was brutally attacked in their defense, and These wanton and unjustified attacks on released to, once again, perpetrate crimes never lifted so much as a finger to help him! our law enforcement officers are increasing in against our apathetic, and often unwary, Surpr-ising? It happens every day, Mr. frequency and severity. The citizen "silent public. They operate within a system which Broyhill. Why? I suppose, like most of us, majority" has been silent too long. The often appears to consider the "civil rights" they were afraid to " get involved," time answer? I wish I knew; I only know that I of the criminal over the rights of the citizen would be lost from work with U..l'lWelcome no longer intend to sit idly by and see my who obeys the laws of our land. court appearances, they might suffer some society slowly, but surely, destroyed by those I have had the privilege and pleasure, for physical harm from the hoodlums, maybe who hide !behind the facade of "rights" while the past two school years, to teach for The they might be sued for something. Last, but they steal the rights of others. I wa.nt to American University in the Center for the not least, none in his right mind would once again feel that my youngster can bi­ Admin istration of Justice, working closely want to be accused of helping a cop; think cycle down a neighborhood street and feel with law enforcement officers who are seeking what it might do to one's reputation! This safe and secure. This is her right and my a degree in their chosen profession. Per­ Alexandria., Virginia, policeman suffered, his right. Dr. Wissler and I intend to use every haps my contact with _this segment of our family suffered, because we didn't care means within our personal power to "aid and justice system has been such that I have enough to help. abet" those men and women serving on our met "t he best." These men, usually family So, there he lay, cut and bleeding, until police force who are threatened daily in their men, work full time (sometimes take part­ a fellow officer came to his assistance. The efforts to protect the people of our commu­ time assignments to supplement family in­ two girls were apprehended and the seven­ nity. We have an efficient, above-average come) , and carry a college course load of teen-year-old was convicted of disturbing police force in Fairfax County, in Northern from two to four courses in an effort to bet­ the peace in juvenile court; the adult (sa.me Virginia., and, somehow, we'd like to say, ter themselves and be a credit to their pro­ ex.a.ct evidence) was exonerated in munici­ "thank you; we appreciate you; we depend fession. Their leisure time, as such, is almost pal court! Maybe they will be convicted on upon you!" This appreciation I feel for these non-existent; their families unselfishly sacri­ the more serious charge of assault; but, if officials may not spread to others as rapidly as fice time with a husband, a father, a mother, not, they will be once again set free to defy I would wish but I shall help it along in every in order that he might take advantage of the authority of an officer hired to protect way I can. I believe the time ha.s come for the opportunity to acquire an education the peace and rights of tax-paying, law-abid­ the law-abiding citizen to stand and be which would, otherwise, be impossible to pro­ ing citizens, rights which apparently have counted! Pigs??? That breed of "pigs" our cure. been forgotten in our suicidal, headlong Nation can use; the other breed we can do Each time these men and women report rush to consider the rights of the criminal! without! for duty as law enforcement officers, they The young police officer spent one week in Certainly, there are "bad cops"; every pro­ face the possibility of death, today not only the hospital, had eighteen stitches in his fession ca.n boast the same composition of possible but often probable! For their service scalp and emerged, weary, but a. little wiser good and bad-doctors, teachers, lawyers, to their fellow man, they are spat upon, in the wa.ys of the world, only to hear the politicians-none can cast the first stone. called such undignified names as "fuzz •' public express their gratitude with Pig! There have been cases of police brutality but "pig," "trash," and other uncompUmentaey Today Officer William L. Sigmon is dead I believe I have amply demonstrated cases of terms too numerous to relate, and are gen­ and buried. the fourth policeman to die 1n "citizen brutality." How long will we con­ erally degraded both physically and men­ D.C. this year. Others, in other places have demn the "brutality" of those who would tally. These men in uniform are denied re­ died in the service of their community and help on the side of the law and encourage spect, abused in every way imaginable, "de­ city. As I sit here and watch the newscast of the brutality-literal brutality-of those who meaned and degraded," by the public they omcer Sigmon's funeral, I wonder-Where would destroy our entire legal system? I real­ seek to serve. Is it any wonder that police are Mrs. Sigmon's rights to her husband and ize the extreme difficulty of maintaining a. departments, nation-wide, have difficulty family unit? Where are the rights of the discreet balance between too much, versus filling their ranks? Would you, Congressman Sigmon children who now have no father, too little, authority for our law enforcement Broyhlll, serve a public which seems to abhor lost in a senseless slaughter? WhBit about the agencies. I also recognize the need to protect the fact that you exist? rights of my young police student who tried the rights of all citizens, but please, let it be This past school year, I taught a young to help the citizen and W&-3 treated to eight­ ALL citizens, our police officers included. It police officer who, when he attempted to een stitches 1n the head and a week's so­ seems, to me, that many answers be in the separate two girls fighting and cursing at journ in the hospital, causing untold an­ realm of politics where many of our politi­ a local drive-in, was set upon by a gang guish to his family? Yes, these officers are cians seem more interested in vote weight which almost beat and kicked the young man paid for their service but what restitution than in protecting the overall rights of our to death before he was rescued by a fellow oftlcer Sigmon had to make for tha.t meager law-abiding citizens. If we must choose be­ officer. According to officials, the officer never pay! Wha.t a price was required of his family tween occasional pollee brutality and bru­ struck or abused these girls in any way; and loved ones! My student's wife will never tality by the criminal element, my vote is for he did not threaten them with his revolver; again feel safe when her husband leaves for the police force! in fact, he never removed the gun from 1ts work; will he come home once again bat­ As citizens and taxpayers of McLean, Vir­ holster; he simply attempted to place one tered and hurt-will he come home at all??? ginia, may Dr. Wissler a.nd I urge you, Con­ of the girls in the front seat of his cruiser. I am reminded of the Biblical quotation, gressman Broyhill, to use your good office to While doing so, he was struck from behind "Fool, today will thy life be required of support our pollee force which seeks to en­ with a section of fence and knocked to the thee!" force the laws which you help to make. We ground. As he lay there stunned and bleed­ To what point have we moved in our Amer­ strongly appeal to you and your colleagues ing, not one, but a number of young people ican society when intolerable acts such as to support legislation which will bolster and attacked this man; took his service revolver these can be tolerated with ease? What has restore strength to our law enforcement {which has never been recovered, to my happened to the people of our country, par­ agencies in order that they may be revived knowledge) ; beat him about the head with ticularly our youth, to make them think that before it is too la.te and the hunter becomes his own nightstick; appeared, in short, to they can openly defy every symbol of justice the hunted. Help restore the dignity allld re­ have no qualm whatsoever about murdering and authority and not su1fer the least retri­ spect to our men and women in unl!orm; this police omcer who was attempting to stop bution !rom our courts? To what pass have extra study­ impoverished areas as Puerto Rico. This ing proposals for their solution from ing to bridge the gap after being hired iby a very perceptive television editorial con­ the members of the community them­ bank. tinues by noting that Congressman BA­ selves. While Mr. Alexander's efforts He came to the conclusion that "the inner DILLo's proposal not only will help citi· were focused on a single locality, the city schools do not prepare you to compete." zens of Puerto Rico, but will also assist problems, and attitudes he reported on­ OTHERS ARE CONVINCED our cities on the mainland. housing, jobs, education, police-commu­ Others who have had contacts with grad­ Mr. Speaker, I commend our freshman nity relations-have a broad applicabil­ uates of the schools or who have worked in colleague from New York for the initia­ ity in cities across the country. An Air the schools are convinced that the schools tive he has taken in this important strug­ Force veteran who served in Korea and are "turning out an inferior product." Vietnam, Mr. Alexander presently is a James Davison, a state work incentive em­ gle to secure a fair deal for Puerto Rico ployment counselor, said, "I am constantly and Puerto Ricans as well as for our be~ junior at the University of Wisconsin­ coming in contact with too many recent leaguered urban areas. Mr. BADILLo's Milwaukee, majoring in mass communi­ graduates of Rufus King and North Division well-reasoned and unique proposal de­ cations. His series of articles, which ap­ High Schools who are functioning at the serves our most careful consideration and peared in the Sentinel May 24-29, fol­ third and fourth grade level." support. Further, I urge our colleagues lows: Odell H. Johnson, 27, of 3300-A N. lltb June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19087 St., a former president of the Auer Avenue At some schools the problem is greater But to a majority of blacks, it's called Elementary School Parent-Teacher Associa­ than at others. tokenism. tion, said the records of black youngsters get DISCIPLINE A PROBLEM "I'M A TOKEN BLACK" progressively worse as they go through school from primary to senior high. Miss Bernice Cobbs, of 3260 N. 24th Pl., Miss Cheryl Cobbler, a general service "The children in the inner city are not said, "Discipline at the neighborhood schools worker for an insurance company, said, "Sure, the least competitive. They go through 12 is a big problem. I wish there were some way I'm a token black. I was hired to replace a years of school and come out 5 years be­ I could get the School Board to investigate black and they haven't hired any more since hind," he said. the problem at Robert Fulton." I've been there." Teachers like Louis M. Adams, who has Miss Jacqueline L. Johnson, a teacher at It is a widely held opinion among blacks been teaching in inner city schools for 14 the Green Bay Avenue School, agrees on the that industry often hires blacks to keep fed­ years, know that the schools often fail. discipline problem. eral contracts. Employment specialists in the "The central city schools fail to reach the "The major problem in the school is dis­ community say they usually do a poor job of student who Is not an achiever," Adams said. cipline," she said, "but discipline would not it. The trend is to hire blacks with whom be a problem if we (the teachers) had good management feels comfortable, often reject­ TRY TO BRIDGE GAP communication between teacher and prin­ ing better qualified, more militant appearing Individually, in their classes, the teachers cipal and between teacher and parent." blacks. try to bridge the gap. But all don't, as pupils A former inner city school teacher said Walters expressed the sentiment of most quickly point out. The res-t of the teachers, that the inner city school discipline problem black Milwaukeeans. He said, "Employers as one parent said, are "frustrated." might be solved if white teachers were placed tend to hire the high yellow black to be But parents who expect the schools to with blacks. their showpiece-their figurehead nigger." equip their ch1ldren with the skills needed She also said, "White teachers can't dis­ Blacks say the city often hires blacks to to "make It" .have some definite ideas of cipline, control or command the respect of console the black community. Some of them their own. black students.'' refer to such jobs as "pacifiers." Blacks say the schools fail because of Other parents say, "The schools give the Liddell said, "Blacks who do have re­ overcrowded classrooms, poor facllities, teach­ students too much freedom to act as they sponsible positions don't have much of a er apathy, unresponsive school officials, and please." voice. Their positions have an air of gratuity. teachers and school administrators with neg­ Mrs. Doris Adams, 3294 N. lOth St., ex­ They're just consolation jobs." ative attitudes toward inner city blacks. pressed the opinion of many parents when Once hired, blacks say they are still faced Others say the quality of education suf­ she said, "Teachers need more authority to with racist practices from their supervisors. fers because too many inexperienced teachers discipline students. Some say excessive pressure from supervisors are assigned to the schools. Some say the "It is not the teacher's responsibility to often causes blacks to quit and seek em­ lack of communication between teacher and raise the people's children. This is something ployment elsewhere. parent, lack of parent and community in­ we blacks have to face up to." Others report that employers often use volvement in the school, and the lack of Parents agree that discipline is a parental lateness, absenteeism, or negative attitudes discipline in the school will make any edu­ problem, but they would like to see schools as reasons for firing blacks. cation program ineffective. work more closely with them in solving the problem. Mrs. Nancy Hobson, 3847 N. 18th St., said, Robert Thomas Jr., who operates Robby's "I know discrlmination exists on my job. Drive-In Restaurant at 2645 N. Teutonia Ave., Other parents say that it 1s a community problem. They use any little infraction to fire black said, "The schools are not equal, in the sense girls." that the needs of the inner city schools They suggest as did Mrs. Cheryl Jackson, As for absenteeism and tardiness, she said, are different from those of other schools." 3921 N. 24th St., that parents must work together in the community to solve the prob• "In lots of cases there have been white girls MOST PARENTS AGREE lem. She said too many parents are guilty who have taken more than the allotted num­ And most black parents agree with Davi­ of letting pupils stay at their houses during ber of sick days and have been late often. son, who said, "First of all, they don't put school hours. After we were laid off, these white girls were the money into the schools and we don't get Conroy Hobson, 3847 N. 18th St., said, "The called back. The blacks weren't." the quality of teacher needed in the inner inner city schools will not get better unless Naming the firm for which she worked, city schools." the black community becomes totally com­ she asked, "Is there really discrimination? Pupils say the schools are filthy and have mitted to and involved in the total edu­ I say there is." rats and roaches. They would like to see some cation process." Unequal opportunity discriminatory hiring upgrading of the buildings. practices and racism on the job are only One soft spoken North Division pupil said, part of the perplexing black employment "I'm tired of reading about other schools PORTRAIT OF BLACK Mn.WAUKEE-I!: "EQUAL situation. getting something new. I would like to read OPPORTUNITY GETS LIP SERVICE IN HIRINGI' Howard E. Turner, 23, of 331 W. Clarke one day where North was getting a new (By Mack Alexander) St., pointed out that "employment as a library, cafeteria or gym." When it comes to being hired, black Mil­ major problem in the community is compli­ Parents say the school with its bullt-ln waukeeans say they are still second chOice, cated by a very large number of people with "no failure" program encourages pupils to if chosen at all. no technical or professional skills." be complacent. They ask: "How could the The gears of d.Jscrimlnatlon stlli grind. To many blacks, this is a symptom of the schools motivate the students to study when Equal opportunity for jobs, advancement big wheel turning. It begins to operate early they know that to graduate they don't have and training is not a reality for black Mil­ in the black child's life and inevitably, they to?" waukeeans. In this, they say, Milwaukee is say, molds him into an "economic serf." "The no fall program has the black stu• far behind the rest of the country. Odell H. Johnson, 3300-A N. 11th St., shares dent thinking he is going to make it when The Rev. John B. Liddell, pastor of the this view. He said, "The system denies our he hasn't a chance in the world," Davison Church of God and Congregation, put it children the chance to get a decent educa­ said. strongly: "This town 1s so far behind in tion. And this is the first step in getting a Blacks would like to see more black prin­ equal employment and equal rights that it is job." cipals and administrators. White officials and pathetic." He added, "The people on the employment white teachers, blacks say, are unresponsive CALLED ONLY SLOGAN level reinforce this by giving tests based on to black parents' concern for their children. Even though most employers advertise an education the inner city blacks are not SEES NEGATIVE VIEWS themselves as equal opportunity employers, getting." From his contact with white teachers, blacks say that it is a slogan that is only Unemployable blacks often ask, "Why do Johnson concluded, "I seriously think thai given lip service. I have to pass an aptitude test to drive a too many white teachers have a negative "Those equal opportunity ads are just a truck or to watch bottles pass along a con­ point of view of black students." bunch of ---," said Hank Walters, an veyor?" Many parents agree with the Rev. Ernest employment consultant at the Urban League. He described it a label that employers W. Glenn Jr., pastor of Christ Presbyterian as PORTRAIT OF BLACK Mn.WAUKEE-III: LAND­ Church, 1729 W. Walnut St. He said the hide behind. LORD: WHITE WHO APPEARS WHEN RENT Is presence of white administrators and prin­ He said blacks who go into employment cipals In the Inner city schools points out offices looking desperate, hungry and really DUE to the black pupil that the system views In need of a j<>b don't stand a chance. (By Mack Alexander) him as an unreliable person. Whites who work with the hard core unem­ "It's a shame before God the way they have "In this respect," he said, "the system ployables share this view. to live down ln the 6th ward. People are liv­ teaches 1rresponsib1lity." John Gilbert, a white training omcer at ing like animals down there with the rats and From a lack of responsive communication the Urban League, said, "Given two equa.lly roaches." between the school and parents derives what qualified black and white applicants, the This remark was made by a man who lives parents say is a major problem in the black would find lt most d111lcult getting a on the periphery of the ghetto. He used to schools-discipline. job in Mllwaukee." live there, but he was able to move out. Some parents tell of seeing disorderly Some blacks have been hired to high pay But there are many others who aren't so youths being ignored by teachers. One par­ positions. To them their jobs represent per­ lucky. They're either at the bottom of the ent reached the conclusion that some of the sonal achievement. The job is financial se­ income scale, on welfare, or are elderly blacks young teachers are afraid of the pupils. curity to their families. living on Social Security. 19088 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971

SO POOR REMAIN steadily decreasing. The houses that are be­ but wm not work because it depends on the So the poor remain, to live \\ith the rats ing torn down are not being replaced at a same system that has already shown an un­ and roaches. They remain to deal With their rate sufficient to keep up With the demand. Willingness to solve the problems of the in­ "terrible landlords." And the blacks who need houses are unable ner city. With a few exceptions, blacks describe the to buy them even if they were available. The Rev. Ernest W. Glenn Jr. poilllts out, landlord as a white man who stays out of Richardson, who has been working with "The idea is a good one. But I have no sight until the rent is due. They also say hP­ the inner city housing problem for nearly 12 f.aith in the state as fa.r as the minorities never keeps his prornlses. years, said the large black family will never are concerned." Friday evening shoppers at a supermarket be able to buy or rent a decent home under The mayor of Milwaukee tends to rate on N. 3rd St., made these comments: the present system. higher in the black community than does the "I only see my landlord when the rent 1::; He said such a f arnlly is barred from per­ president. Yet blacks are unsure of his con­ due." sonal Federal Housing Adrnlnistration (FHA) cern for the black population. "When I asked my landlord to fi x the win­ loans because of low wages and poor credit James Binns, of 2512 N. 11th St., says. dows last fall, he told me to fix them myself ratings. "Mayor Maier is a ball of confusion." because he didn't have the money." Many bla.cks feel landlords cannot be made Many blacks say they hardly ever get a "Landlords are trying to make as much fully responsible for the blight of inner city sympathetic voice from City Hall. But they money as they can out of these old shacks. houses. The tenants have a responsibility do feel that the mayor is sincerely trying to When you ask them to paint, they bring some too, they say. make the Model Cities program successfuL paint over and tell you to do it yourself." The Rev. Ernest W. Glenn, Jr., pastor of Mitchell explains that since the Milwau• "The only thing my landlord ever fixed Christ Presbyterian Church, 1789 W. Walnut kee bliack popula.tllon is increasing, the may­ was the bathroom. I guess h~ thought that St., said, "The problem is a landlord problem or is becoming more attentive to the blacks. was pretty important.'' and a tenant problem." However, Mitchell commented, "His ove:oo.ll He said the landlords don't really like the response hasn't been too iinpressive and it's GET BETTER RESPONSE people they're renting to. The tenants sense not the type of response the black commu­ All blacks are not tenants. Some own their this, he said, so they don't try to protect his nilty needs." own houses. Those who make Jood Wfi ges and property. Other blacks believe that the mayor is only rent get better response from their landlords. A young black summed the problem up trying to pacify the black community by ap­ They're somewhat beyond the clutches of the this way: pointing blacks to unimportant jobs. system. "You can't buy a house because you don't Thomas explained it this way: "I think Others like Lewis Limmit, 1516 W. Lloyd have the money. You can't rent a decent the mayor recognizes that he has a lot of St., are not. Limmit has arthritis and cannot place because you don't have the money. blacks on the payroll with irrelevant jobs. He work. His wife is also disabled. They have You can't get a good job to make the money can only say that he colored City Hall seven children. The family receives $284 per because you don't have the education. It's a black." month in welfare funds to live on. Welfare vicious circle." James Richardson, 1811 N. 11th St., said also pays the rent on the house the Limrnlts To solve the problem, Arthur Whiteheard, the mayor is willing to talk with you when live in. Jr., said, "If the landlords can't afford to keep he knows that you are serious about an exist­ Limmit said he moved tnto the house up the houses, they should be condemned. ing problem. eight months ago. He said the landlord prom­ The t enants should be moved out and the Odell H. Johnson, 3300-A N. 11th St., said, ised to make repairs then. The pictures tell houses should be torn down." "I like what he says, especially about the the story. In the meantime, the oppressing need per­ city's not .getting its fair share of the tax They also raise the question: Who reaps the sists. m~ney in terms of need." rewards? NOT BEING REPRESENTED James Richardson, a member of the Wal­ PORTRAIT OF BLACK MILWAUKEE-IV: ATTI· nut Improvement Council, provides an an­ TUDE TOWARD POLITICS MARKED BY DIS- Overall, blacks say they are Inisrepresented swer. He said, "The system operates to help TRUST and underrepresented at City Hall. the slumtee (absentee) landlord gut the (By Mack Alexander) Mrs. Willie P. Hill, owner of an inner city blacks." beauty salon, said, "I personally feel that the The poor condition of many houses adds "Mistrust" is the word that labels black black people are not being represented. I Milwaukeeans' alttitude toward the political think our aldermen and supervisors don't another burden-high heating bills-upon system. those who can least afford it. give a damn about the nigger." "Unresponsive to the needs of blacks" is Blacks point out the need for more black TYPICAL CASE their view of the people who run the system. representation. The Rev. John B. Liddell, 2746 Here's a typical oase: "Excluded" is what they say about their N. 21st St., said, "In the city as a whole I A woman lives in the 6th ward with her participatk>n in the system. don't think the black man has nine-tenths eight children. She gets $250 each month A black beautician who operates a shop of the representation he ought to have." from "the welfare" to live on. on N. 3rd St. said she had given up on the One inner city church leader said that all She said the house she lived in ought to system. She gave vent to her frustrs.tion wtth wards populated by blacks should have black be condemned. The interior needs painting, these words: aldermen. He said at least three more wards the walls are crumbling, and it needs rewir­ "We are in a world of hurt down in this could have black aldermen. ing. ghetto and we don't have anybody to hear Besides more aldermen, blacks want more She said the house is impossible to heat. our cry." community representation on the School Last Winter her gas bill average $90 per NIXON DISMISSED Board, black judges and more blacks in the month. Milwaukee blacks disrnlss Nixon as an­ Police Department. Welfare pays $104 monthly to her white other head of the White power structure and WANT WORKERS landlord. say that he gives less than token considera­ tion to blacks. But as blacks will quickly point out, they Blacks have little faith in the city build­ don't want just any black representing the ing inspector's office. They say inspectors Ja.mes Walker, 2822 N. 26th St., an ex-Job community. They want people who Will work don't come often enough. When violations Corps trainee, said, "I don't think he is se­ to solve the problems with schools, housing, are reported, blacks claim the landlords don't rious about helping the black ma.n. He's pollee relations and community development. respond anyway. shutting down too many of the programs Blacks say that black aldermen are not To get around making repairs, landlords th81t were helping blacks." speaking out on the needs of the black com­ threaten them with eviction or with in­ An inner city schoolteacher said that any­ munity. creased rent, blacks say. thing that Nixon would do to help the black James Davison, one of the founders of the man would be out of political necessity. It THREATENED EVICTION coalition for More Representative Govern­ he were really serious about helping black ment, said, "I can't underst and why (Ald.) Mrs. Lillian Howard, 2723 N. 2nd St., said people, Nixon would be working to upgrade her landlord threatened to evict her when she Vel Phillips would vote against low income education in the inner city schools, he sa.id. housing when her ward has some of the poor­ asked to have a sink installed in the bath­ Frank Mitchell, 1537 W. Atkinson Ave., room. She also wanted the gas heater replaced est houses in the city." said, "From what he has done, he hasn't Many ask what black aldermen are doing because inspectors told her it was a fire shown any concern for the black people." hazard. to better housing conditions. Others want to Bl81Cks view revenue sharing a.s another know why the conditions in the inner city The heater was not replaced and the sink &~ttempt by the system to insure that blacks was not installed. schools are not being improved. do not have a voice in deciding where the Mitchell suggests that it is a communica­ Why does Mrs. Howard continue to live money is spent. there? She can't find anyone else to rent to tions problem. He said, "I don't see much In explaining this attitude, Mitchell said, communication between the black aldermen her. She is on welfare and has five children. "Sure, you can let the cities have money. and their constituents." As a tenant, she is an untouchable. But who's going to handle the program? The The housing crisis in the inner city is pri­ money isn't going to get to the poor people." URGES THEm SUPPORT marily one of need. The black population has Robert Thomas Jr., manager of Robbys Prince, 2861-A N. Hubbard St., (who uses increased, but the availability of houses is Drive-In, said that the idea. is good in theory no last name) said he would like to see the 19089 June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS tern reporter, after a several week study of black aldermen giving public support to calling times when he wanted to file countercharges agains•t policemen, said, "I Black Milwaukee. He tells of other personal Model Cities, the Cream City health program conclusions in this final article of a six part and other community action efforts. wouldn't waste my time with the present Mrs. Hlll said there should be a community­ system." series. Blacks feel that pollee interest in protect­ The residents of Black Milwaukee identify wide effort to educate blacks to participate in their needs simply as better education, more the political activitie3 of the city. She said ing blacks is lagging. They say the commu­ nity is used as a training ground for young and better housing and more and better Jobs. many blacks feel helpless because they don't These are desperate needs. know what they can do to help themselves. policemen who don't care about the people. "Too many rookie cops are assigned to the Certainly, they would make life more toler­ Pointing out that the black aldermen able in the community. But the problem goes should make themse1ves more visible to the inner city," according to Mrs. Lillian Howard, black community, Prince said, "I would like 2733 N. 2nd St. much deeper. Other blacks said that policemen don't try The solution is not more handouts. As Miss to see an information center in the black Daria Porter, 308 W. Burleigh St., explained. community helping blacks to become more to get to know the people. Liddell said, "There are too many police­ "The programs are providing blacks With the aware of the society they live in." things they need, but they are not motivat­ Many blacks point out along with Glenn men who just ride through and sneer on that the black community is "politically everything." ing blacks to help themselves." naive." Mrs. Taylor said a better relationship could PROBLEMS OF NEED According to William Green, a member of be developed if policemen tried to be more The problems of housing, jobs and the the Greater Galilee Baptist Church, the friendly. schools are urbe.n problems. They are prob­ situation would remain pretty much the "There are too many car riders and not lems of need and are not necessarily black same unless blacks were made aware of the enough beat walkers," she said. problems. And they wlll not be solved by the political realities of their environment. Blacks say policemen are negligent in an­ system only providing for the needs. swering calls for help from the black com­ The problem in the black community is a munity. human problem. PORTRAIT OF BLACK Mn.WAUKEE-V: HOSTILITY One mother said she experimented to find Mrs. Wlllie P. Hill recognized the nature of MARS POLICE-COMMUNITY RELATIONS out if the pollee reacted faster for whites the problem when she said, "We need some (By Mack Alexander) than for blacks. She said she concocted two kind of educaitlonal program that Will edu­ Inner city blacks perceive policemen as incidents--one involving a. white-owned store cate the adults in civic responsibilities." oppressors, not as protectors. on 3rd St., and the other involving black­ Adu1ts should be in the position to provide An elderly black who spends a lot of time owned property. The pollee, she said, came and plan for their children. If the city, the walking on N. 3rd St. said, "Good pollee-com­ right away for the first incident but showed poverty programs, and the black community munity relations do not exist. Anyone who up 20 minutes later for the second one. Wish to put first things first, they should try says they do has rocks in his head." Mrs. Katherine Brewster, 2808 N. 18th St., to meet the needs of the adults first. Inner city blacks don't have rocks in their said, "I don't think they respond when you It is adults who must vote, work, and buy heads. need them. They get to blacks when every­ houses. Recalling incidents of pollee harassment thing is over with." "It is the parents," said Mrs. Doris Adams, that she observed, Mrs. Willie P. Hill, said, Many blacks want to see more black police­ 3294 N. lOth St., "who are responsible for "Policemen must feel we are a bunch of ani­ men patrolling the black community. But the education of their children." mals for them to antagonize." as they point out, "being black is not Black Milwaukee is a rootless community. Overt pollee brutality appears to be on enough." They would Uke to see what Mrs. The people move from fiat to fiat. They don't the decline In the black community. But for Taylor called "the friendly policeman who re-register to vote. They take very little re­ those who live In the highly patrolled areas, knows the people on his beat." sponsiblllty for their schools. They tend to pollee harrassment is very much routine. Calling for more pollee protection, Mrs. take less responsiblllty for local order, safety Discussing pollee- community relations Brewster said. "We need policemen who un­ and oommuni·ty improvement. with three black mothers, Mrs. Hlll said, derstand the given situation in each neigh­ Again, these are adult responsibilities. "The pollee are aggravating the young black borhood." LITTLE SCHOOL PRESENCE male and do not respect the black woman." Other blacks said that pollee-community Blacks generally don't own the houses they The others agreed. relations would not be improved unless the live in. There is little black presence in the A working mother said she must do her police department is reorganized. schools. They don't own or operate any sub­ washing at a coin laundry at night. She said Many called for the removal of Chief Har­ stantial business in the community. And the policemen have yelled to her to get off the old A. Breier. community is patrolled primarily by white streets, saying, "You ought to do your wash­ Johnson said, "I think we need to get rid pollcemen. ing during the day." of Breier. He talks about his police depart­ Aside from taverns and churches, there is A mother of five school age children said ment being a community relations group, little in the community that blacks can call policemen entered her house through a Win­ but the people know it is not." their own. There is little to motivate them dow to collect for parking tickets. In other Blacks feel that police-community rela­ to assume adult responsibi11ties. contacts with policemen, she said, they ad­ tions could be improved by assigning more Helping the people obtain some roots in the dressed her as "bitch" and used her first black policemen to the community. They feel community should be the immediate objec­ name. mutual understanding could be provided tive of any poverty program. Between the young black male and the through the use of ''beat walkers instead of It must be adult oriented. policemen there is cold war. One young black car riders." And they want the policemen to Urban renewal and Model Cities programs described the relationship as a standoff with respond faster when they call for them. that provide for local involvement but not the policemen having the upper hand. Blacks feel that policemen are not in the for local ownership will only add to the built­ Mrs. Viola Taylor, 2544 N. 22nd st., ex­ community to protect them, but to oversee in rootlessness of the black community. plains that the pollee are agitating the al­ them. Many say they are antagonized by the Perhaps, as James Richardson, 1811 N. 11th ready hostile attitude the young blacks have tactical squad. St., said, "All housing programs in the com­ toward them by arresting too many of them A black shoe repairman, counting the munity should have some provision whereby for minor incidents. squad cars as they pass his shop, said, "1 the tenants could become owners." She said, "Policemen don't give the young­ can't stand them, but I can't get along With­ To further the development of a viable sters credit where credit is due." out them." black community in Milwaukee, all symbols The Rev. John R. Liddell, 2746 N. 21st St .. of exclusion, exploitation and oppression said, "Everybody being picked on by the po­ should be discouraged. llee is not a lawbreaker. PORTRAIT OF BLACK MILWAUKEE-VI: PROBLEM Miss Dianne Brown, 23, discussing a credit SEEN As ONE oF MoTIVATION, SELF-HELP "I have every respect for the pollee," he problem she had with a local merchant, said, (By Mack Alexander) "There are too many cheap stores operated by continued, "but when they don't respect the white people in the community." people, they should not be policemen." "The development of a viable black com­ The community needs evidence of freedom Arthur Whitehead Jr., 26, of 2747-A N. 16th munity is necessary to the growth of Milwau­ from economic exploitation. St., said that poor pollee-community rela­ kee. And it should be a major concern of Black ownership and management of busi­ tions existed because the people do not trust the city. . nesses in the community should be the policemen. "The task is a difficult one. It is a major encouraged. Mrs. Taylor agreed, but said, "People are one. It requires the genuine support of the afraid of the police department because they decision makers. And it requires a sincere BLACK BUSINESS have seen too much brutality." determination of priori·ties in the black com­ And blacks must begin to support those According to Howard E. Turner, 331 W. munity. black merchants already struggling in the Clarke st., blacks distrust the Fire and Po- "It is rather late to ponder 'deferred and community. lice Commission because they feel that the exploding dreams,' in the words of poet "As long as we're begging," Robert Thomas commission is not responsive to complaints Langston Hughes. But there still Is time to Jr. said, "we'll get just what beggars get-­ against policemen. deal with realltles." crumbs." He operates Robbys Drive-in Res­ Odell H. Johnson, 3300-A N. 11th St., re- So concluded Mack Alexander, a black tn- taurant at 2645 Teutonia Ave. 1'9090 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971 Good police-community rela-tions are the Education, and Welfare to exhibit undue agents of power in this nation to remove responsibility of the whole community. So is blood levels; 16,000 require treatment this preventable malady from our midst. effective law enforcement. now. This year lead poisoning will take Everyone from the President of the United The efforts to improve this problem in the States to the last man of us-must try to black community have failed. Perhaps they the lives of 200 of them. Another 800 break the gripping chains of bureaucracy and failed because community participation was will be so severely injured that they will priority, to a.t once rid ourselves of this com­ absent. require permanent care. Another 3,200 pletely preventable disease. we cannot allow The Rev. John B. Liddell, 2746 N. 21st St., will suffer moderate to severe brain dam­ for less than eradication l'f we are to save the said, "The entire police department needs age, requiring years of special care. children. revamping." In my own city of New York, the Com­ Any reorganization of the department THE CAUSE AND EFFECT OF LEAD POISONING should provide for community participation. mittee of Hospitals of Brooklyn To Eradi­ IN CHILDREN Groups from the area could be used to help cate Lead Poisoning-made up of 14 Lead Poisoning in early childhood is a improve police-community relations by inter­ hospitals--has recently adopted a posi­ chronic disease which may involve most of preting the needs and attitudes cf the com­ tion paper, entitled "The Eradication of the organs of the body including the brain, munity. Childhood Lead Poisoning.'' This paper intestine, the kidney, the blood forming or­ Since policemen are public servants, the has been prepared for the committee by gans, and the heart. community should have some voice in select­ Lead ingestion by young children is in­ Dr. John E. Allen, director, Pediatrics variably associated with the phenomenon of ing them. Then the community might begin Outpatient Department, Kings County to view policemen as "protectors" instead of plea, eating non-food material such as lead "oppressors." Hospital; Dr. Celia D.eschin, Brooklyn­ containing chips of old peeling paint and Cumberland Hospital; Dr. Felix Feld­ plaster. Since only a. small amount of lead PEOPLE MUST HELP man, Coney Island Hospital; G. Herbert is absorbed from the intestine following each Any effort to develop a viable black com­ Gaton, director of social services, Pedia­ ingestion, repeated intake is necessary for munity in Milwaukee will require the co­ trics Outpatient Department, Kings intoxication to occur. It begins to accumu­ operation of the community. The community late significantly after 6 weeks of ingestion, itself must be willing to examine its own County Hospital; and William F. Green, and symptoms may occur in about 3 months. hangups. M.S.W., St. Mary's Hospital. This 'further amplifies the need to identify For black Milwaukeeans to "check them­ As the committee's statement says: these children early because of the significant selves out," according to Howard E. Turner, Lead poisoning is a completely preventable damage tha.t can take place between inges­ 331 W. Clarke St., "is their greatest chal­ medical, social, and economic disease. tion and the appearance of symptoms. A few lenge." chips of paint may contain a.n excess of 100 The community's first effort should be to And, as it continues, in strong lan­ times the safe amount of lead which may be determine its own needs. Secondly, the com­ guage which I completely endorse: ingested daily. Once the body has acquired munity should decide what type of programs Everyone from the President of the United a.n excessive load, the lead is stored in the could best solve these problems. States to the last man of us-must try to tissues, chiefly bone, and is excreted in the The community should also take a hard break the gripping chains of bureaucracy and urine, very slowly, over a long period of look a.t existing programs to determine if priority, to at once rid ourselves of this com­ time. these programs are accomplishing what they pletely preventable disease. We cannot allow When the lead load is sufficient, it causes set out to a.ccomplish. for less than eradication 1! we are to save overt intoxication with widely diffuse mani­ In this respect the community should take the children. festations, such as constipation, anemia, kid­ a. close look a.t the people who are directing ney problems, vomiting, lethargy, convul­ those programs. The absence of professionally The Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Pre­ sions, coma and, a.t times, mental retardation trained blacks is all too obvious. vention Act, Public Law 91-695, author­ and even death. Children with evidence of The community should seriously question izes $30 mlllion for fiscal year 1972 to intoxication must be hospitalized and any program that does not provide for maxi· save our children. It must be funded. promptly treated. Currently, efforts are being mum use of the professionally trained blacks The position paper of the Committee of directed toward early detection of children already in the community. with increased body lead, but be!ore they Any community involvement program Hospitals of Brooklyn To Eradicate Lead demonstmte overt signs of poisoning. It has should encourage a working relationship be­ Poisoning, entitled "The Eradication of not been clearly established, but it is possi­ tween the untrained and the trained blacks. Childhood Lead Poisoning," follows: ble that long sustained low lead levels may It is these two elements of the community THE ERADICATION OF CHILDHOOD be associated With long term, low gre.de brain that must come together and work toward LEAD POISONING toxicity. Some of the disruptive children in developing self-direction. our schools may in fact, be examples of the INTRODUCTION subclinical effects of lead. These youngsters The material that you are about to read might have been spared the problems of ad­ represents the combined work of the Com­ justment that they now experience 1! they mittee of Hospitals of Brooklyn to Eradicate had been identified and promptly removed CHILDHOOD LEAD POISONING­ Lead Poisoning. POSITION PAPER OF THE COM­ from their lead containing environment. In Lead Poisoning is a completely preventable addition, they need to be helped with medi­ MITTEE OF HOSPITALS OF medical, social, and economic disease. It oc­ cation to assist in clearing the lead from BROOKLYN TO ERADICATE LEAD curs among children who are old enough to their tissues to prevent the occurrence of se­ POISONING walk but not mature enough to be discrimi­ vere toxic manifestations. These aims can be nating about what they eat. The necessary accomplished on a.n outpatient basis only 1! ingredients for the occurrence of lead lntoxl­ these children can be returned to housing HON. WILLIAM F. RYAN ca.tlon are a. young child with plea (eating of that is lead free. OF NEW YORK non-food substances), and old dilapidated housing with peeling, lead containing paint THE SOCIAL ASPECT OF CHILDHOOD LEAD IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and plaster. The disease can be completely POISONING Wednesday, June 9, 1971 eradicated by correcting the toxic environ­ The persistence of lead poisoning in pre­ ment, primarily by the elimination of poor school children living in our urban ghettos is Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, throughout housing. one of the most significant indices of how the Nation, there are groups-composed Obviously, the cost o'f such a total program far we still have to go to obtain optimum of professionals, of laymen, of parents, would be very large. This, however, must be health for our children. The families of the of concerned citizens--which have rec­ evaluated in terms of what is already being children at risk are, for the most part, with~ ognized the peril of childhood lead spent on long term hospitalization of threat­ out the finanrogram in Puerto Rico cannot commentary on our order of priorities; a will­ state as: The Elimination Of All Substandard exceed 50 percent, whereas it can reach ful disregard for the loss that we all inevit­ Housing In This Country. as high as 83 percent for certain States. ably suffer when pot ential human resources There are interim programs to be initiated In fiscal year 1971 the ceiling for are unfulfilled, maimed, and rendered de­ until the housing goal is completed. The Puerto Rico was raised to $21 million pendent on t he society. children being treated for Lead Poisoning and, next year, it will reach a maximum The present met hod of treating this illness must not return to a poisoning environment consists of two parts: firstly, medical treat­ after treatment. An extended care faci11ty 1s of $24 million. The States, however, have ment that retards the effect of the lead poi­ essential if we are to stop the cycle of re­ open-ended appropriations with no arbi­ son; and secondly, the period that the child peated lead ingestion and poisoning. trary limitations. In addition, Federal spends in the hospit al after treatment while Funds must be made available to expand participation is a minimum of 50 per­ his home is being repaired. The first process existing programs and to develop adequate cent to a maximum of 83 percent. takes about 7 days to complete; the second community screening programs and conco­ If Puerto Rico were treated on the requires as many as 50 days; which is a total mitBint back-up facilities. Appropriation of same basis as the States-as it should­ of approximat ely 57 days that the child may funds to implement the "Lead-Based Paint it would qualify for the maximum 83 spend in the hospit al because of lead poison­ Poisoning Prevention Act'• (Public Law 91- ing. It should be noted that many children 695) must be immediately accomplished. The percent level. With the 50 percent limita­ have ret urned to homes that have not been cost for hospital care is extremely high. Other tion, Puerto Rico is contributing $21 mil­ repaired and have re-ingested the poisoned sources of funds must be made available to lion for fiscal year 1971. However, if the paint or plaster and have had to be hospital­ eliminate environmental lead. island were treated on the same basis as ized again and again. There are things each of us can do. If you the States, this $21 million would ret>- 19092 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971 resent only 17 percent and Puerto Rico restricted by arbitrary and unrealistic numbers. It seems perfectly clear that would be entitled to receive an additional ceilings-have been clearly inSufficient. the inadequate treatment of Puerto Rico $123 million for a total amount of $144 For example, a family of six with an in H.R. 1 is bound to aggravate what is million. Thus, we can see that Puerto incapacitated husband receives $67.60 per already a serious situation. Rico was short-changed by $123 million month plus $1.25 for each school-age Mr. Speaker, in order that our col­ during the fiscal year now ending. In child, in addition to food supplements. leagues may have a better understanding fiscal year 1972, with the ceiling of $24 Compare this with the slightly more than and appreciation of the discriminatory million, the amount by which Puerto $3,000 annual budget the Puerto Rico De­ manner in which Puerto Rico is treated, Rico will be cheated amounts to approxi­ partment of Health's welfare division I present herewith, for inclusion in the mately $141 million. That is, the island says was needed to meet minimal require­ RECORD, some statistical data comparing will only have $24 million with which ments for a family of six in 1969. the island's participation under major to work in programs for cash assistance In view of the foregoing, it is very programs administered by the Social to the aged, blind and disablej; all serv­ difficult to see how limiting Puerto Rico's Security Administration with that of ices; and AFDC, rather than the $165 participation in the family assistance several States 8.1Ild the national average. million to which it would be potentially provision of H.R. 1 to between 55 and 60 After reviewing these figures it will be entitled. percent can represent any meaningful obvious that a clear case of discrimina­ Although Puerto Rico participates in effort at breaking the poverty cycle or tion exists against American citizens in the medicare program on the same basis helping those on the island find the eco­ Puerto Rico. I once again urge our col­ as the States, there is quite a different nomic opportunity for which they are leagues to join with me in achieving fair story with respect to medicaid. At pres­ coming to the mainland in increasing and equal treatment for Puerto Rico. ent there is a $20 million ceiling on pay­ ments to Puerto Rico. Although H.R. 1 I.- MAJOR PROGRAMS ADMINISTERED BY THE SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, AVERAGE MONTHLY BENEFITS AS OF raises this payment limitation to $30 mil­ DECEMBER 1970 lion, effective July 1, it will only keep Puerto Rico from moving backward and Beneficiaries Puerto Rico National Mississippi New York California will simply maintain the 1967 level. Nat­ Retired workers ______$76.15 $118. 10 $91,15 $128.50 $120.80 urally, payments are open endec. for the Disabled workers ______, ______95.25 131.30 113.70 136.20 138. 90 States. Furthermore, Puerto Rico is ex­ Children of retired workers 1 ______17.16 44.73 24.67 58.93 52.40 pected to pay 50 percent whereas the Children of deceased workers •------46.09 82.00 61.69 88.23 88.96 Children of disabled workers •------16.40 38.81 29.47 45.15 43.98 States vary from 50 to 83 percent of Dependent spouses 2______• ______28.95 59.40 47.70 68.05 63.10 Aged widows and widowers ______74.05 101.70 82.00 108.70 104.20 Federal aid. Here again, Puerto Rico Mothers 3 ______would qualify for the 83 percent level and 50.90 86.50 65.80 93.40 91.20 only contribute 17 percent. Puerto Rico is statutorily excluded ! ~v~~ ~gned 1:u:~a~~~f :fu~~:i~~ ~~~i~:b~~~d~;rkers. from the Prouty Amendment program 3 Women receiving benefits of deceased workers because of children under their care. which provides monthly cash benefits­ Source: Office of the Commissioner, Social Security Administration, May 1971. $4.8.30 for a single person plus an ad­ ditional 50 percent for the spouse--for 11.- PUBLIC ASSISTANCE: RECIPIENTS OF MONEY PAYMENTS AND OF PAYMENTS TO INSTITUTIONS FOR INTERMEDIATE­ persons aged 72 and over who did not CARE SERVICES AND AVERAGE AMOUNT PER RECIPIENT, DECEMBER 1970 otherwise qualify for social security bene­ fits. Approximately 80 percent of the p_eo­ Program Puerto Rico National Mississippi New York California ple in this category in Puerto Rico are receiving some form of welfare assist­ Old-age assistance. __ ___ ••• _•••• _. ____ •• __ •• __ _ $18.25 $49.65 $104.90 $116.95 Aid to the blind ______13.60 59.45 135.85 160.10 ance. It has been estimated that the Aid to permanently and totally disabled ______13.45 58.55 126. 55 138.65 total annual loss to Puerto Rico is be­ AFDC ____ • _•• __ • ------__ •..• _•. -- ••. --.--.-- 9.25 12.10 77.90 53.95 tween $10 and $12 million. Congress has shown a callous dis­ Source: Social Security Administration, May 1971. regard for the plight of Puerto Ricans and H.R. 1 simply perpetuates this gross inequity. There are special provisions for "GREATER LOVE HAS NO MAN": A Mr. Speaker, my father was a police Puerto Rico under the new assistance EULOGY TO A HERO POLICE officer for over 30 years. If he were here programs whereby the amounts used in OFFICER today he would join me in eulogy to the family assistance plan and the aid George Frees in simply saying: to the aged, blind and disabled are Greater love has no man than this, that a pegged to the per capita income of the HON. JAMES R. GROVER, JR. man lay down his life for his friends. lowest of the 50 States. The fact of the OF NEW YORK matter is, however, that family and per IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES capita income in Puerto Rico is signif­ Wednesday, June 9, 1971 icantly lower even than that of the M.D.'S HELP CREATE AMBULANCE poorest States. In the United States as Mr. GROVER. Mr. Speaker, the Suf­ CORPS a whole, only 20 percent of our families folk County Police Department in New live on annual incomes of $5,000 or less York is only 11 years old and yet ranks whereas in Puerto Rico two-thirds of the in efficiency and morale among the Na­ HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN families live on $5,000 or less. As statistics tion's finest. OF MARYLAND which I presented earlier this week show, It is a great department only because IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the per capita personal income in Missis­ it is made up of able and dedicated Wednesday, June 9, 1971 sippi-the poorest State-in 1970 was career stat! officers and bright and eager $2,561, nearly $1,000 higher than Puerto young career policemen. Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, I have long Rico's figure of $1,427. What sense is On April 6, 1971, the life of one of the espoused the need for an upgrading of there, then, in basing Federal aid to most promising careers was snuffed out emergency medical services in the Dis­ Puerto Rico on the per capita income of by gunfire. Patrolman George A. Frees trict of Columbia. Recently I brought to a State far above that of the island? died answering a routine call in which his the attention of this body the fact that, It is no surprise that one out of every brave companion, Patrolman Robert after an extensive campaign on the part nine Puerto Ricans receives some form of Staab, was also critically wounded, and of WWDC, all ambulances in the District welfare. In fact, HEW reported that, as of is the first life lost in the history of the must now be equipped with radio tele­ December 30, 1970, there had been a 37- department as the result of hostile gun­ phones that tie directly with the fire de­ percent increase in the number of Puerto fire in the line of duty. partment switchboard. Ricans on welfare over the previous 12 George Frees was 30 years old, married This is a much needed move in the months. and the father of three children. He was right direction, but we must not stop and However, these welfare payments- sworn to protect all law-abiding citizens. rest on our laurels, especially when sav- June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19093 ing lives is involved. There is.much room teered for their new jobs. Although techni­ Dr. Donald said, and the indigent are not cally still members of the city fire depart­ billed. All billing is done by the city. for improvement. ment, they have been relieved of all fire­ The effort to revamp Houston's ambulance An article from the American Medical fighting duties, Dr. Donald said. service began three years ago at the request News of May 10, described the innova­ Dr. Donald said Houston's emergency am­ of the mayor. Following a 1~-year study by tive steps taken by Houston, Tex., in an bulance corps was welded together after the medical society, recommendations for the effort to provide the best possible emer­ studying prototype models in Baltimore, current program were made. gency medical service. Miami, and Jacksonville, Fla. "We put to­ I commend this article to my col­ gether what we think is the very best," he leagues' attention. added. "We (the medical society) got an ordinance CHANGING TIMES ARTICLE HELP­ M.D.'s HELP CREATE AMBULANCE CORPS passed and then the medical society took it Houston, Tex., now boasts an elite 138- upon itself, in conjunction with the city FUL WHEN CONSIDERING REVE­ man corps of emergency medical technicians health department, to train firemen in in­ NUE SHARING AND TAX ISSUES OF and 22 new ambulances, thanks to a com­ tensive three-week courses in groups of 50," VARIOUS METROPOLITAN COM­ munity program made possible by the Harris he added. MUNITIES County Medical Society. These courses, he said, consisted of demon­ The new city-owned corps made its debut strations and lectures from members of the last month after a three-year effort by the medical society and a final week in Houston's HON. WILLIAM L. HUNGATE city and the medical society to combat the city-county hospital "to give them on the OF MISSOURI slow, inefficient, untrained, and exorbitantly spot training." IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES priced fieet of privately operated ambulance In addition to the 138 firemen, similar operators. courses were offered to private ambulance Wednesday, June 9, 1971 Robert Donald, MD, who spearheaded the operators, some 24 of whom have been grad­ Mr. HUNGATE. Mr. Speaker, as we drive as chairman of the medical society's uated. consider the revenue-sharing proposal Emergency Medical Care Committee, said he Houston has purchased 22 new ambulances believes Houston now has "one of the best to aid the attendants, who are dispatched and the tax issues of various metropoli­ systems the U.S. has to offer.'' through the fire department switchboard, Dr. tan communities, I believe the following The specially trained "emergency medical Donald said. article from the June 1, 1971, Changing technicians" are former firemen who volun- The basic fee for the new service is $25, Times will be a helpful yardstick.

[Figures in parentheses are percentages) $5,000 INCOME $15,000 INCOME

Income (Slate lncome(State and local) Real estate Sales Total Rank and local) Real estate Sales Total Rank

Baltimore ______$44 (0. 8) $444 (8. 9) $74 (1. 5) $652 (11. 2) 4 Baltimore ______$626 (4. 2) $1, 331 (8. 9) $155 (1. 0) $2, 112 (14. 1) 2 Boston ______14 (0. 3) 541 (10. 8) 20 (0. 4) 575 (11. 5) 3 Boston ______416 (2. 8) 1, 624 (10. 8) 47 (0. 3) 2, 087 (13. 9) 3 25 (0. 5) 281 (5. 6) 144 (2. 9) 450 (9. 0) 10 275 (1. 9) 844 (5. 6) 260 (1. 7) 1, 379 (9. 2) 11 ======50 (1. 0) 263 ~5. 3) 80 ~1. 6) 393 (7. 9) 16 g~~~=f~riti_- _- ~ ======150 (1. 0) 788 (5. 3) 178 (1. 2) 1, 116 (7. 5) 18 Columbus,g~~~=f~nd _-: Ohio ~ ~ ______50 (1. 0) 213 4. 3) 64 1. 3) 327 (6. 6) 20 Columbus, Ohio ______150 (1. 0) 639 (4. 3) 142 (0. 9) 931 (6. 2) 21 Dallas ______None 151 (3. 0) 77 (1. 5) 228 (4. 6) 24 Dallas ______None 454 (3. 0) 162 (1.1) 616 (4.1) 24 Denver ______270 (5. 4) 182 (3. 6) 449 (9. 0) 11 Denver______- 302 (2. 0) 810 (5. 4) 326 (2. 2) 1, 438 (9. 6) 10 DetroiL ______100 (2. 0) 251 (5.0) 128 (2. 6) 479 (9.6) 8 Detroit______535 ~- 6) 754 (6. 0) 229 (1. 5) 1, 518 (10. 1) 8 Houston ______Houston ______None 139 (2. 8) 77 (1. 5) 216 ~4. 3) 25 one 416 (2. 8) 162 (1. 1) 578 (3. 9) 25 Indianapolis ______18 (0. 4) 417 (8. 3) 67 (1. 3) 502 ( 0.0) 6 Indianapolis ______218 ~- 5) 1, 251 (8. 3) 121 ~0. 8) 1, 590 (10. 6) 7 Jacksonville ______None 179 (3. 6) 84 (1. 7) 263 (5. 3) 23 Jacksonville ______one 778 (5. 2) 174 1. 2) 952 (6. 4) 20 Los Angeles ______275 (2. 5) 93 (1. 9) 368 (7. 4) 18 Los Angeles ______244 ~- 6) 825 (5. 5) 203 1. 4) 1, 272 (8. 5) 15 Memphis ______None 274 ~5. 5) 140 (2. 8) 414 (8. 3) 14 one 823 ~5. 5) 266 (1. 8) 1, 089 F· 3) 19 Milwaukee ______------114 (2. 3) 535 ( 0. 7) 80 (1. 6) 729 (14. 6) 1 ~~:~~~~-e---~~~ ~=~ = ~ ~~ ~~ ~ 701 (4. 7) 1, 604 ( 0. 7) 176 (1. 2) 2,481 ( 8.6) 1 New Orleans ______134 (2. 7) 154 (3. 1) 288 (5. 8) 22 New Orleans ______101 (0. 7) 401 (2. 7) 312 (2. 1) 815 (5. 5) 22 New York ______36 (0. 7) 284 (5. 7) 134 (2. 7) 454 (9. 1) 9 New York ______527 (3. 5) 852 (5. 7) 270 (1. 8) 1, 649 (11.0) 5 Philadelphia ______150 (3. 0) 326 (6. 5) 79 (1. 6) 556 (11.1) 5 Philadelphta ______450 (3. 0) 979 (6. 5) 180 (1. 2) 1, 609 (10. 7) 6 Phoenix ______22 (0. 4) 339 (6. 8) 132 (2. 6) 493 (9. 8) 7 Phoenix ______261 (1. 7) 1, 016 (6. 8) 235 (1. 6) 1, 512 (10. 1) 9 Pittsburgh ______110 (2. 2) 399 (8. 0) 79 (1. 6) 588 (11. 8) 2 Pittsburgh ______310 (2. 1) 1, 197 (8. 0) 180 (1.2) 1,687 (11.3) 4 St. Louis ______60 (1. 2) 236 (4. 7) 125 (2. 5) 421 (8. 4) 13 St. Louis ______327 (2. 2) 708 (4. 7) 230 (1. 5) 1, 265 (8. 4) 17 San Antonio ______None 370 (7.4) 77 (1. 5) 447 (8. 9~ 12 San Antonio ______None 1, 109 (7. 4) 162 (1. 1) 1, 271 ~8. 5) 16 San Diego ______. _____ 306 (6. 2) 83 (1. 6) 391 (7. 8 17 San Diego ______244 (1. 6) 923 (6. 2) 181 (1. 2) 1, 349 9. 0) 13 San Francisco ______307 (6. 1) 92 (1. 9) 400 (8. 0) 15 San Francisco ______244 ~- 6) 923 (6. 2) 203 (1. 3) 1, 370 (9. 1) 12 Seattle ______None 168 (3. 4) 156 (3. 1) 324 (6. 5) 21 Seattle ______one 504 (3. 4) 281 (1. 9) 785 (5. 3) 23 Washington, D.C ______27 (0. 5) 210 (4. 2) 103 (2.1) 340 (6. 8) 19 Washington, D.C ______493 (3. 3) 630 ( 4. 2) 195 (1. 3) 1, 318 (8. 8) 14 25-city average _____ (0. 6) (5. 9) (2. 0) (8. 5) _____ - 25-city average __ __ _ (1. 8) (5. 8) (1. 3) (9. 0) ------

$10,000 INCOME $25,000 INCOME

Baltimore ______$118 (1. 2) $1,388 (13. 9) 2 Baltimore __ _------$1, 264 (5. 1) $1, 775 (7.1) Boston ______$383 ~3. 8) $888 ~8. 9) $201 (0. 8) $3, 240 (13. 0~ 2 1, 083 ( 0. 8) 34 (0. 4) I, 341 (13. 4) 3 Boston ______------799 (3. 2) 2, 165 (8. 7) 63 ~0. 2) 3, 027 (12. 1 3 Chicago ______224 2. 2~ I50 (1. 5 562 (5. 6) 208 (2. 1) 920 ~9. 2) 11 525 (2. 1) I, 125 (4.5) 325 1. 3) 1, 975 (7. 9) 15 Cleveland ______100 (1. 0) 525 (5. 3~ 133 (1. 3) 758 7. 6) I8 g~~~:f~riti : ~~======250 (1. 0) I, 050 (4.2) 234 (0. 9) 1, 534 (6. 1) 18 Columbus, Ohio ______IOO (1. 0) 426 (4. 2 106 (1. I) 632 (6. 3) 20 Columbus, Ohio ______250 (1. 0) 852 (3.4~ 187 (0. 8) I, 289 (5. 2) 21 Dallas __ _. ______None 302 (3. 0) I23 (1. 2) 425 (4. 2) 24 None 605 (2.4 209 (0. 8) 814 (3. 2) 24 Denver______Dallas_------124 (I. 3) 540 (5. 4) 262 (2. 6) 925 (9. 3) 10 Denver_· ------782 ~3.1) I, 080 (4.3) 409 (1. 7) 2, 271 (9. 1) 11 Detroit______._ 305 (3. 1) 503 (5. 0) 9 Detroit______995 4. 0) 1, 005 (4.0) 288 (1. 1) 2, 286 (9. 1) 10 Houston ______183 (I. 8) 99I t 9) Houston ______None 277 (2. 8) I23 (I. 2) 400 4. 0) 25 None 555 (2.2) 209 (0. 8) 764 ~3. 0) 25 Indianapolis ______118 (1. 2) 834 (8. 3) 96 (1. 0) 1, 048 ( 0. 5) 6 Indianapolis ______418 (1. 7) 1,668 (6. 7) I 51 (0. 6) 2, 237 9. 0) 13 Jacksonville ______None 479 (4. 8) I32 (1. 3) 611 (6. I) 21 Jacksonville ______None 1,077 (4. 3) 224 (0. 9) 1, 301 ~5. 2) 20 Los Angeles ______64 (0. 6) 550 (5. 5) I51 (1. 5) 765 (7. 6) 17 Los Angeles ______864 (3. 4) 1, 100 (4.4) 265 (1. 1) 2, 228 8. 9) 14 Memphis ______---- - None 549 ~5. 5) 208 ~2. 1) 757 F- 6. I9 Memphis _------None 1, 097 (4.4) 337 (1. 3) 1, 434 (5. 7) 19 Milwaukee. ______385 (3. 9) I, 070 ( 0. 7) I3I 1. 3) I, 586 ( 5. 9) 1 Milwaukee ______------1, 546 (6. 2) 2, 139 (8.6) 229 (0. 9) 3, 913 (15. 7) 1 New Orleans ______42 (0. 4) 268 (2. 7) 23 New Orleans ______535 (2.1) 22 238 (2. 4) 548 ~5. 5) New York ______226 (0.9~ 397 (1.6~ 1,158 (4.6) New York ______256 (2. 5) 568 (5. 7) 208 (2. 1) I, 032 ~ 0. 3) 7 1, 421 (5. 7 1, 137 (4. 5) 4 Philadelphia ______300 (3. 0) 652 (6. 5) I32 (I. 3) I, 084 IO. 8) 5 Philadelphia ______1,305 (5. 2) 238 1. 0) 2, 906293 (11(9. .• 2)) 9 Phoenix ______----_ 678 (6. 8) 8 Phoenix ______------694 2.8) 1, 355 (5.4) ...292 r.1. 2) '·2, 341 (9. 4) 7 I89 ~I. 9) 995 (IO. 0) Pittsburgh ______• ______128 ~- 3) Pittsburgh ______750 210 2.1~ 798 (8. 0) I32 1. 3) I, 140 (11. 4) 4 510 !"'2. 0) 1, 596 238 1.0~ 2,344 (9.4) 6 St. Louis ______187 1. 9 472 (4. 7) I83 (1. 8) 84I (8. 4) 13 Sl Louis ______672 2. 7) 943 ~6.4~3.8 289 1.1 1, 904 (7. 6) 16 San Antonio ______one 739 (7. 4) I23 (1. 2) 862 (8. 6) 12 San Antonio ______None 1,478 (5. 9) 209 ~0. 8) 1, 687 (6. 7) 17 San Diego ______San Diego ______------___ 64 (0. 6) 616 (6. 2) 135 (1. 4) 815 (8. 2) 16 864 (3. 5) 1, 231 (4.9) 237 0. 9~ 2, 332 (9. 8) 8 San Francisco ______151 ~I. 5) 830 (8. 3) 14 San Francisco ______1, 230 (4.9) 265 (1.1 2, 859 (9. 5~ 5 Seattle ______64 ~-6) 615 ~6. 2) Seattle ______. __ 864 ~3. 5) one 336 3. 4) 225 2. 2) 561 (5. 6) 22 one 672 (2. 7) 357 (1. 4~ 1, 029 (4.1 23 Washington, D.C ______250 (2.5) 420 (4. 2) 151 (I. 5) 821 (8. 2) 15 Washington, D.C ______1, 163 (4. 6) 840 (3.4) 248 (1. 0 2, 251 (9. 0) 12 25-city average ___ __ (1. 4) (5. 9) (1. 5) (8. 8) ------25-city average ____ (2.4) (4. 7) (1. 0) (8.1) 19094 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971 PART IT: FEDERAL RESEARCH PRO­ the Army Aviation Materials Laboratory GRAMS AND A PROPOSAL FOR A In thousands of dollars at Fort Eustis, Va. NATIONAL RESEARCH DATA BANK 1970 1971 1972 Missiles and related equipment: This actual estimate estimate activity provides for research, develop­ HON. HAROLD R. COLLIER ment, test, and evaluation of missile sys­ OF ILLINOIS Ships, small craft, and tems of all types. Major increases in­ related equipment______$317,005 $324,100 $496,000 clude the undersea long-range missile IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Ordnance, combat vehicles and related equipment_'_ 311, 217 330, 200 363, 000 system to assure the continued invulner­ Wednesday, June 9, 1971 Other equipment______1, 146,895 1, 203, 557 1, 398, 916 ability of our sea-based deterrent, the Programwide management Mr. COLLIER. Mr. Speaker, yesterday and support______540,364 529, 000 568, 154 Navy Harpoon antiship missile and Agile I explained the need for a National Re­ Emergency fund ______50, 000 50, 000 air-to-air dogfight missile, and Army search Data Bank and explained H.R. Total obligations ______7, 082, 150 7,138, 760 8, 073,270 terminal homing guidance technology. 8732, a bill I introduced to establish one. The Safeguard antiballistic missile sys­ I pointed out that during the fiscal year tem, as well as other antiballistic missile 1972 this country will spend $17,681,- Military sciences: This activity sup­ system concepts, will be pursued to main­ 373,000 in Federal funds for various ports research of potential military appli­ tain the sufficiency of our strategic types of research. cation in the physical, mathematical en­ forces. Under continuing major develop­ Today, I am including part two of vironmental, engineering, biomedical ment is the Aegis fleet defense missile my study. The tabulations that follow and behavioral sciences. The research system and the Army SAM-D missile cover the Departments of Defense and tasks selected are derived from an analy­ system for air defense. Systems develop­ Health, Education, and Welfare. sis of basic missions and corresponding ment declining or nearing completion technological requirements, as well as are the Minuteman and Poseidon ballis­ DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE-MILITARY from a review of technical opportunities tic missile systems, the Navy Condor and related to national security needs. EX­ Air Force Maverick air-to-surface missile In thousands of dollars amples are: oceanography research to in­ systems, the Navy Phoenix airto-air 1970 1971 1972 crease the future et!ectiveness of anti­ missile, the Air Force strategic short actual estimate estimate submarine warfare systems; computer range attack missile, and the Army research for improved command, control, Lance surface-to-surface missile. Military personnel: and communications; biomedical re­ In addition to funding contracts with Military personnel, Army: Research and search in shock and trauma; behavioral industry in the missile research and de­ development______$79,352 $82,023 $72,958 science research to achieve improvements velopment program, this activity is a Military personnel, in methods for personnel training and major source of financial support for the Navy: Research and development______62,454 65, 871 61,131 selection; and materials research to pro­ operation of certain test and evaluation Military personnel, vide improved structures and components facilities, such as the Western Test Marine Corps: Re- search and develop- for military systems. Range, the White Sands Missile Range, ment ------498 554 503 The principal support for such in­ the Naval Weapons Center at China Military personnel, Air Force: Research and house organizations as the Naval Re­ Lake, and the research and development development______202,477 194,319 178,307 search Laboratory and some of the Fed­ programs at the Army's Redstone Ar­ eral contract research centers such as senal. RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, TEST, Rand are also provided here. In addition Military astronautics and related AND EVALUATION to the amounts directly provided for in equipment: This activity provides for Programs in this title fund the devel­ this activity, applied research is also per­ programs directed toward the improve­ opment, test, and evaluation of new and formed by industrial contractors sup­ ment of space technology for military improved weapon systems and related ported by certain allowable indirect costs purposes, and investigations and develop­ equipment. They also provide for scien­ which may be permitted under contracts ment of specific military applications of tific research supporting defense func­ funded by both the research, develop­ space vehicles. Major programs include tions and operations. Work is performed ment, test, and evaluation and procure­ military communications satellite sys­ by Government laboratories, universities, ment appropriations. tems and ballistic missile early warning industrial contractors, and nonprofit or­ Aircraft and related equipment: This systems. Continued support will be pro­ ganizations. activity funds research, development, vided for :flight experiment programs and Appropriations in this title support the test, and evaluation related to airframes, ground based applied research and tech­ research, development, test, and evalua­ engines, avionics, and other installed air­ nology development programs in such tion activities of the Army, Navy, Air craft equipment. It also funds applied areas as secondary power sources and Force, and Defense agencies. research in supporting technologies in­ navigation, guidance, sensor, reentry, and Since both uncertainty and risk are cluding flight dynamics, advanced air­ propulsion systems. Both contractual and involved in pursuing and applying new craft propulsion systems, avionics, ad­ in-house efforts relating to space tech­ technology, research and development vanced weapons, and biotechnology. nology are funded from the activity. programs are usually funded so that each Systems commencing major develop­ Ships, small craft, and related equip­ year's resources support about 1-year's ment in 1972 inciude the joint service ment: This activity provides for applied increment of the total program cost. De­ heavy lift helicopter, the Ai~ Force A-X research, development, test, and evalua­ velopment of a new weapon system from close air support aircraft, the LAMPS de­ tion of ship structures and equipment initial definition to completion of testing stroyer helicopter system, and the Army including propulsion systems, communi~ . and introduction into the operating UTTAS logistics helicopter. Systems con­ cations, navigation, and ocean surveil­ forces may require 5 or more years. tinuing full scale development in 1972 lance systems directly at!ecting ship The budget plans and estimated obli­ include the Navy F-14A fleet air defense operations. It includes the design, proto­ gations under appropriations in this title fighter /interceptor and its F14B growth type fabrication, and performance eval­ for the Army, Navy, Air Force, Defense version, the S-3A antisubmarine warfare uation of new types of ships, sonars, agencies, and the emergency fund are carrier based aircraft, the Air Force F-15 countermeasure devices, marine ga.s tur­ summarized as follows: air superiority fighter, the B-1 advanced bines, and nuclear propulsion plants. De­ strategic bomber, and the F-5 interna­ velopment and testing of hydrofoil craft tional fighter. Programs nearing comple- and surface effects ship prototypes will In thousands of dollars tion in 1972 include the Air Force F-111 receive increa.sed emphasis, as will anti­ 1970 1971 1972 tactical fighter, the C-5 logistic trans­ submarine warfare sensors, shipboard actual estimate estimate port, and the Navy EA-6B electronic tactical communications, antiship mis- warfare aircraft. sile countermea.sures, and computer­ ~i~~~~~ !~i3~~f!ie

President Nixon added that he would con­ Chinese imports. Along with the avalanche 20% by imports and, if allowed to continue sider what additional steps to take at a later of cheap foreign merchandise already flood­ in its present course, will be lost to U.S. date. ing our markets, more and more American production within the next ten years. Mr. Nixon's new China trade policy for his companies will be driven out of business and G.E., Westinghouse, RCA, Sylvania, Zenith, New American Revolution is a reversal of his more workers will be out of jobs. Are Ameri­ Emerson, Philco, Admiral, Singer Sewing campaign pledge when as a candidate for cans without jobs expected to be pacified Machine, General Instrument are locating in the Presidency he stated that he would not with welfare doles--or guaranteed incomes. such faraway places as Taiwan, Singapore, go along with those weB-intentioned people In the year 1970, for example, 100,000 Hong Kong, South Korea, Mexico, South who said, "Trade with ·them," because that textile jobs were lost in the United States. America, etc. Wages in a number of these may change them. Such trade according to At a meeting in February, the AFL-CIO countries average 15c per hour. In Japan, Candidate NiXon would have an immense Maritime Trades Department urged protec­ where there are relatively ineffective labor effect in discouraging great numbers of non­ tion against job destroying foreign imports unions, wages in the electronics industry Communist elements in free Asia that were which are costing millions of American jobs. have been brought up to a level of $1.00 per just beginning to develop their streng·th and The growing impact of foreign products on hour. U.S. wages in the electronics industry their own confidence. workers in American industries is document­ average $3.75 per hour, over 20 times that of Despite candidate Nixon's ca.mpaign pledge ed in a 135-page report entitled "Foreign the smaller Far Eastern Countries; over ten not to trade with Red China, his recent ac­ Imports: Their Impact on the Jobs of Ameri­ times that of Mexico and almost four times tion was in line with his State of the World can workers." This report is the result of that of Japan. message of 1971 written in collaboration with the AFL-CIO Maritime Trades Department." Many American companies are locating in Henry Kissinger when he stwted: "We win be The report is keyed to the theme that "the forel'gn countries where workers earn from striving to establish a new and stable struc­ economics of imports is the economics of 15c to $1 per hour. ture reflecting . . . the changing interests of people." Specifically it is the economics of In the 1960's, when companies left this the Soviet Union of the People's Republic of millions of U.S. workers who are forced out country to exploit cheap labor, there was a China." of their jobs because of the overwhelming U.S. minimum wage, which guaranteed at An explanation is not given as ·to what a.re crush of imported goods produced with cheap least partially comparable wages. Now as U.S. the changing interests of the Soviet Union labor that are flowing nearly unrestrained labor seeks a $2.00 minimum wage, there is and the People's Republic of China nor do into the country daily. Clearly this is the no wage floor in the above mentioned for­ we know of any. Since the leaders of both prime cause of unemployment in the U.S. eign countries, so American manufacturers Russia and Red China by their words and The massive impact of imports on jobs is who decide to go to foreign countries can actions have made and continue to make shown in the estimate by George Shultz, pick the country where wages are the lowest clear their intention of enslaving the world director of the federal Office of Management and government resistance to unionization under a Communist coHectivist system, we and Budget, that in 1969 some 215 milllon is the greatest. must assume that Messrs. Kissinger and Nix­ workers would have been needed to produce Is it not understandable why many college on are not letting the people in on their domestically the goods that were imported graduates are unable to find employment and secret as to what, if any, are the changing from foreign manufacturers. why President Nixon has made welfare his interests of the Soviet Union and Red China. It remains significant that 1969's unem­ number one domestic priority? What good 1s The telltale statement of the new Ohina ployment stood at roughly the same flgure- a guaranteed minimum wage without work policy of the New American Revolution is 2.5 million, and that army of jobless Ameri­ or when most workers make over $2.00 an the following quote credited to President cans had risen to some 4.6 million by the hour anyway? Nixon: "In the coming year I will careful[y end of 1970. (It is my opinion that the num­ The number one domestic priority must examine what further steps we might take ber of unemployed can be reduced if un­ be to do all possible to protect American jobs to create broader opportuni-ties for contacts employed persons would make a greater ef· for Americans. This must involve quotas and between the Chinese and American peoples, fort to find work. I observed 14 pages of compensating tariffs to protect local indus­ and how we might remove need·less obstacles jobs available in the classified ads Help tries and jobs for local workers. The expres­ to the realization 0'! these opportunities. We Wanted section of last Sunday's issue of a sion "Free trade" is a joke when there can hope for, but will not be deterred by a lack Washington, D.C. newspaper. be no competition because of the inequities of reciprocity." The argument of "free traders" that the of labor costs. In effect, the President's statement says American consumer is entitled to the chance I have introduced three measures to pro­ that we Americans will cooperate with and to buy cheap labor foreign-made goods be­ tect our strawberry growers from cheap for­ help Red China, the aggressor in Korea at cause they cost less is fallacious. The Ameri­ eign competition and to regulate imports on the cost of thousands of U.S. men and sup­ can jobs lost because of imports results in milk and dairy products. I find similar wage porting the kHUng of our fighting men in American consumers being unable to buy scale discrepancies in cotton and in sugar North Vietnam, even if they do not recipro­ let alone consume-and that goes for con­ production. cate. sumption of foreign imports as well as the If my bills and similar measures to pro­ I find more and more ·that Americans are goods produced by employed fellow Ameri­ tect our industries as well as the jobs of fed up with our leaders who are more con­ cans. workers in these industries were enacted into cerned about the interests of Communist na­ The report presents a documented portfolio law, unemployment would be greatly reduced tions than about the interests of America. of the jobs lost and industries shut down by as would welfare rolls and payments. The United States has a challenge and the steady rise in foreign imports, which an opportunity to contribute to world peace more than doubled in value-from $15.1 bil­ by standing up for America and telling the lion to $36.1 billion-in the last ten years. world that the experience of the past 50 The direct effect imports are having on years makes it crystal clear that there can workers in a variety of industries is ex­ REA PROGRAM DESERVES FULL be no "meaningful dialogue" with immoral amined in the AFL-CIO study-including CONGRESSIONAL SUPPORT bandits--organized international criminals-­ lewther, textile, stone, glass and clay, toys, that their promise isn't worth the paper on electronics, rubber, beverage, shipbuilding, which it is written-ping pong balls or not. paper and wood, stone cutting, bookbinding, HON. ED EDMONDSON It would be far better to talk with some­ photoengraving, watches and jewelry. In OF OKLAHOMA one respectable and responsible such as the nearly every case, members of the 42 unions Rhodesians, who have not only offered to affiliated with the AFL-CIO Maritime Trade IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES help us in Vietnam but who is our sole free Department have been directly affected. Monday, June 7, 1971 world source of chrome. Yet, we are not per­ Anyone who has the interest of American mitted to have trade relations with Rhodesia labor-the working man-cannot but feel Mr. EDMONDSON. Mr. Speaker, I because of U.S. acceptance of U.N. discipline outraged over the scab foreign trade policy commend the gentleman from Texas, the despite the fact that the U.S. Constitution of the NiXon Administration. The single most Honorable JAKE PICKLE, and the gentle­ says Congress shall regulate trade with for­ effective action that could improve the trade man from Montana, the Honorable JOHN eign countries. situation immediately is enactment of legis­ MELCHER, on taking the time today to The other item making the headlines on lation to impose quota regulations or limits April 19th was this: "Nixon makes Welfare and tariffs on products brought into the present the case for better funding of Plan No. 1 Priority." Speaking before the United States to undersell American made our fine rural electrification program. spring conference of the Republican Gover­ goods. There is no question about the ur­ nors' Association, Mr. Nixon said the wel­ According to a report of March 29, 1971, gency of the need, nor is there any ques­ fare reform was even more urgent than reve­ of the International Union of Electrical, Ra­ tion about the national and regional nue sharing. dio and Machine Workers, AFL-CIO, over one benefits which have accrued from rural Quite possibly the connection between half of all radios and tape recorders come electrification. All America has benefited these two ostensibly disparate news items from abroad. Two-thirds of the sewing ma­ is that more welfare funds will be urgently chines sold in this country are manufactured from this great program, and it is im­ needed to take care of an increasing number in foreign countries and practically all port­ perative that adequate funding be pro­ of unemployed as a consequence of the new able transistor radios are imports. The color vided for the future. I have been doing China trade policy. This soft on Communist TV industry, pride and joy of American tech­ all I can to support that level of fund­ China policy will lead to an increase of Red nology, has been taken over to the tune of ing in the Appropriations Committee, June 9, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 19107 and have been assured the REA's fund­ coordinate educational activities. In last most all guerrilla organizing activities took year's budget, education received the greatest place outside camp areas. UNRWA, he says, ing needs are under careful review. portion of funds, 46% as compared to 42% in a difficult situation: UNRWA is in the Near In Oklahoma, rural electrification has for all relief activities. There are approxi­ East to provide services and the responsibil­ done more to improve the way of life of mately 250,000 students in UNRWA schools ity for refugee camp politics rests with the our rural people than any other pro­ receiving a basic 9-year educaJtion, and each host governments. gram and I am certain I speak for all year about 30,000 students end their formal The political situation has improved in the members of the Oklahoma congressional UNRWA education. While some students last year. Two years ago camps were very delegation in urging the effective con­ (about 2,000) go on to high school and tense and foreigners would have a difficult sometimes university in the Arab countries, time even entering the camp areas. Today, tinuation of this program in the future, only 3,500 receive any kind of vocational especially in Jordan, the situation is much and the funds required to assure that training. This means that for some 24,000- calmer. There continues to be some recruit­ continuation. 25,000 there is no real steady work after fl.n­ ment, but UNRWA is in complete control of i,shing schooling; it is in this large group its educational and relief services. Groups sJ..tlting around in the camps that the guer­ like the paramilitary "Lion Cubs" for young rilla organizations have done most of their teenagers do not, according to Sir John Ren­ UNITED NATIONS RELIEF AND recruiting. nie, operate in UNRWA schools although WORKS AGENCY-UNRWA Of the 3500 receiving UNRWA vocational some students are members of such groups. training, one-third are in two-year teacher He minimized the significance of these or­ training prograins for elementary schools; ganizations and their ability to disrupt or HON. LEE H. HAMILTON some will teach in UNRWA schools. In re­ influence UNRWA and UNESCO activities. OF INDIANA cent years the demands for primary school The general mood of the two UNRWA offi­ teachers in the Arab world has been dropping cials was that while the financial situation IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES while the need for teachers specializing in was very tense, they had overcome the worst Wednesday, June 9, 1971 math and science is increasing. UNRWA is o! 1t. The improving political situation only trying to reorient its teacher prograins to increased their optimism. Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I call meet this new demand. the attention of my colleagues to the fol­ The other two-thirds of the vocart;ional lowing memorandum on the Near East training students are in two-year programs Subcommittee's informal meeting with in high-level factory or industrial vocational work (electronics and mechanical work, etc.). SUPPORT OF H.R. 5741 UNRWA omcials on June 4, 1971: A comparison was made to the Israeli voca­ UNITED NATIONS RELIEF AND WORKS AGENCY tional training schools in occupied terri­ There was an informal meeting of the tories which have trained some 16,000 semi­ HON. LOUISE DAY HICKS Near East Subcommittee with the Commis­ skilled workers in three-month prograins. OF MASSACHUSETTS sioner-General of UNRWA, Sir John Shaw Sir John Rennie pointed out that, while such IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Rennie, and the UNRWA Liaison Officer at labor was needed for the Israeli construction the United Nations in New York, Jan van industry, there was a glut of semi-skilled la­ Wednesday, June 9, 1971 Wijk, to discuss UNRWA's current financial bor of this type in the Arab world, and thus crisis and its educational and financial needs UNRWA schools were trying to produce Mrs. IDCKS of Massachusetts. Mr. in the next few years. The following iteins tradesmen on a more skilled level. (A de­ Speaker, I wish to share with my col­ were discussed: tailed UNRWA memorandum will follow on leagues today, my support of H.R. 5741, STAFF how the $2 million supplemental appropria­ which would transfer surplus liberty The current UNRWA staff numbers about tion for vocational training in FY 1970 and ships to States in order to create artifi­ 14,000; almost all are Palestinian and about FY 1971 was spent). cial reefs, thus enhancing the marine life half of the staff are teachers. This staff oper­ It was concluded that the greatest educa­ conservation programs. This bill offers ates in Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, and the oc­ tional need was to produce meaningful work opportunity to coastal States seriously cupied territories of the West Bank and Gaza. for a greater percentage of the 30,000 refugees UNRWA does not exist in Egypt and Egypt's who end their education each year. Some interested in enhancing commercial and only real contribution to the refugees 1s in Members present thought th81t more em­ sports fishing industries to use sunken the form of university scholarships. On top phasis should be placed on the v<>Caltional ships as means of building reefs attrac­ of the entire staff are approximately 120 rather than general aspects of education and tive to many varieties of fish. international civil servants. on the short, practical education r81ther than It has long been known that old on a college prepamtory curriculum. FINANCIAL CRISIS sunken ships provide habitat for marine TEXTBOOKS The financial situation of UNRWA 1s be­ fish, and more recently it has been ob­ coming progressively worse. Surpluses of the Certain questions were raised about the served that offshore drilling rigs enhance first years after 1949 have recently turned textbooks provided in UNRWA schools. Be­ local sport fishing. This new program into large deficits and the estimated deficit fore 1967 UNRWA did not evaluate books would represent a cooperative venture for next year 1s between $6 and $7 million. used in refugee schools. Books were merely between the Federal Government, State Although the United States was contributing supplied by the country in which the schools government, and concerned private in­ up to 70% of the UNRWA budget in the were located because, if refugee students terest groups who are interested in im­ 1950's, it has been giving about 54% in the continued their education after the 9-year last couple of years (approximately $23 mil­ UNRWA schooling, they would have to go to proving fishing in areas now productively lion out of a budget of between $45 and $50 government schools. After the June war Is­ spotty or barren. Many millions of Amer­ million). Recently, one bright feature of the raeli authorities found some books used on icans would reap the benefits that such financial picture has been that more coun­ the West Bank and in Gaza inflammatory, increased marine conservation activities tries are contributing, and there 1s an indi­ and UNESCO set up a committee to examine would create. The building of artificial cation that some of the Communist coun­ educational material and approve all UNRWA reefs by State conservation programs tries might be willing for the :first time to textbooks. Several books were discontinued, would not only increase commercial ac­ support UNRWA, either financially or in kind. and now 85% of UNRWA>s books are al­ It was suggested that donations of basic lowed into the occupied territories with the tivity thus bringing new income and em­ commodities to UNRWA might alleviate part approval of the Israeli authorities. Even ployment, but also increase recreation of the budget crisis. However, most basic Syria, who at first refused to recognize and tourism. commodities-rice, wheat, and flour-already UNESCO's right to evaluate books used in As we enter the decade of environmen­ come as donations from the United States refugee schools, 1s now discussing refugee tal consciousness it seems to me that co­ and some West European countries. The only education with UNESCO officials, and there operation of the Federal Government in international commodity that UNRWA buys is a possiblllty that Syria will cooperate. this and similar small ways is in keep­ 1s sugar, and it was suggested that the Sub­ POLITICAL SITUATION IN THE CAMPS ing with our goals set forth in the Na­ committee might explore the possib111ty of Today, only 40% of the refugees live in adopting an amendment to the Sugar Quota tional Environmental Policy Act of 1969. camps, and of the 1.5 million registered refu­ In this connection, I believe the dis­ Act providing for countries operating under gees, only 60% receive rations (about 830,- the quota to give donations to UNRWA. For tribution and location of available lib­ example, UNRWA buys 7,000 tons of sugar a 000). erty ships must be planned in such a year. A country that has 10% of the quota While in the period immediately following way that they will not unduly interfere in the United States would donate 700 tons to the 1967 war guerrilla groups recruited in the with other important activities including UNRWA a year. camps, no training or operation planning seeins to have taken place in the camps mineral exploration and development on EDUCATION themselves although because of the make­ the Outer Continental Shelf. Also, the The importance of education of P&estin1an shift nature o'! many of the camps, it is hard placement of the ships should not be al­ refugees increases each yea.r, and this poses to know precisely where a camp area starts lowed to interfere with current wave ac­ new burdens for UNRWA 8/Ild UNESCO, who and stops. Sir John Rennie argued that al- tions along important beach lines where 19108 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 9, 1971 there might be an import on shore rec­ family home as to background, interests, were forced to leave there because of reational resources. etc. and in thls way there &'l"e many bene­ the tidal wave of 1964 and they have Assurances must be forthcoming that fits, both for the individual and for the virtually no land to call their own. person who provides the home." this these factors are taken into account in She c1ted an emmple of a couple who live I am enclosing a copy of resolu­ order to make this program accomplish elsewhere. The wife is a nurse and the hus· tion for insertion into the RECORD, as its prime goal-which is to concentrate band has heart disease and is no longer follows: fish and make them readily available for able to work. This home took three men, RESOLUTION CONCERNING NATIVE CLAIMS sport and commercial fishermen. and the a111ng homeowner has company w1rth oF AFoGNAK IsLAND him while the wife is working and all heLp Whereas, Afognak Island was the home of with sma.ll tasks about the home. "They the Native people of Port Lions, who lived have even attended bell games together and on the island from time immemorial, and have taken short trips together." Whereas, these, our people, were forced to NEW PROGRAM FOR THE AGED Welfare pays $130 per month for each per­ leave our lands by the tida.l wave of 1964 and son for food and ca.re. A stipend is also pro­ we now have virtually no land to call our vided for the recipient for medicines and for own because Afognak Island is a Nationa.l HON. J. J. PICKLE pocket money. The limit to one home is three Forest, and OF TEXAS individuals, depencUng on the amount of Whereas, this loss of our land is a great IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES space ava4JaJble and the number desired. The wrong and injustice and some compensa­ local Wel!!Me Agency w1l1 also help the peo· tion is owing to us for this loss, Wednesday, June 9, 1971 pie adjust to living with a family and w1ll Therefore, be it resolved that the Native Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, Hays keep in touoh, just as agencies do with chil­ people of the Kodiak-Afognak area oppose dren, aooording to :Mrs. Hodges. County, in my district, has come up with timber cutting on Afognak Island in which they have no control or share of the profits, a program for the elderly which is com­ to be exercised by a governing body repre­ plete; in fact, I believe they have even NATIVE CLAIMS OF AFOGNAK sentative of the Kodiak Islands Native added the love. The program is called ISLAND people. Foster Homes for the Aged and, es­ sentially, places elderly citizens with lo­ cal families for housing, board, and a HON. NICK BEGICH PRESIDENT NIXON IS KEEPING mutual dependency which is advanta­ OF ALASKA mSWORD geous to all. I would like to submit to the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES RECORD at this time, an article from the Wednesday, June 9, 1971 San Marcos Record which describes this HON. ROBERT McCLORY innovative and personalized system of Mr. BEGICH. Mr. Speaker, the city OF ILLINOIS helping citizens. council of the village of Old Harbor has IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES forwarded to me a copy of a resolution FOSTER HOMES FOB AGED PROGRAM FOB Wednesday, June 9, 1971 COUNTY that they had considered and approved The Hays Oounty WeUa.re Departmen.t 1s in May of this year. The resolution states Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, last week beginning a program, "Foster Homes for the that the Native people of the Kodiak­ the President of the United States with­ Aged," for a.ll persons over age 65 in Hays Afognak area oppose timber cutting on drew an additional 4,800 soldiers from Oounty. Coord1n&tor of the program 1s Pat Afognak Island in any way if they have Vietnam. Hodges. no chance of control over the project or On January 20th, 1969, there were She says tlmlt there is a.n estimated n.um­ share the profits. 532,500 Americans enduring the perils ber of 600 persons on the assist&nce rolls 1n I am certain that these Alaskans feel of an Asian war. Today, there are 250,900 Bays County who can qualify for this care. this Americans in Vietnam who are planning "Many of these persons," :Mrs. Hodges strongly about issue because Afognak stated, "can no longer function a.lone, but Island was the home of the native peo­ to come home. are capable of living 1n a family situation. ple of Port Lion who lived on the island Mr. Speaker, President Nixon is keep­ We will try to match the person and the from time immemorial. These people ing his word.