Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-83638-8 — Latin and Greek Monasticism in the Crusader States Bernard Hamilton , Andrew Jotischky Index More Information

Index

Abdallah ibn al-Fadl, 476 Amalric, abbot of Sts Joseph and Habakkuk, 153 Abu Shama, 418 Amalric of Nesle, patriarch of Jerusalem, 29, 31, 32, Abud, monastery of St Elias, 324 98, 102, 118, 209 acedia, 429 Amatus, abbot of Notre Dame de Josaphat, 183, 184, 185 Achard, dean of Holy Sepulchre, 26 Amitius, abbot of ST Maria Latina, 164 Achard, prior of Templum Domini, 69–71 Anastasis, 14, 20. See also Holy Sepulchre, church of Acre, canons of, 53 Anastasius IV, pope, 161 Adalelmus, prior of Nazareth, 116 anchoresis, 388–90, 430, 436 Adam, abbot of Mount Sion, 67 Andrew, abbot of Mt Tabor, 203 Adam, prior of Hebron, 135 Anna Anachoutlou, Empress of Trebizond, 352 Adelaide of Sicily, 177 Anna Dalassena, 351 Adhemar, bishop of Le Puy, 13, 14 Annunciation al-Adil, sultan, 74, 202 representation of, 502 Adomnán, abbot of Iona, 17, 172 site of, 115 Agia Moni, Cyprus, 339 Annunciation, Church of, 114, 115, 124 Agios Nicolas ton gaton, monastery, 340 rebuilding, 121, 122 Agios Nikolaos tis stegis, 341 Anschetinus, 94 Ahuhisa of Palmaria, 209 Ansellus, bishop of Bethlehem, 26, 39, 95, 100 Aicard, prior of Templum Domini, 58 Ansellus, canon, 94 Aimery of Limoges, patriarch of Antioch, 195, 216, Anthony, Antiochene monk, 464 293, 330 Antioch Aimery, prior of Mt of Olives, 86, 87 early monasticism at, 327 Ain Karim, 74, 252, 253 unknown monasteries in, 291 Alberic, canon of Bethlehem, 96 Apodeixis peri ton Ierusolumon, 301–5 Alberic, Cardinal Bishop of Ostia, 71 Apulia Albert of Aachen, 69 properties of Nazareth in, 120 Albert of Rizzato, patriarch of Antioch, 274, 284 al-Aqsa, mosque, 68 Albert of Vercelli, patriarch of Jerusalem, 44, 264 Arab conquest, 11, 15 Rule of, 265, 266 Arda, 226, 227 Albert, archbishop of Nazareth, Armenian Church, 37 Albert, bishop of Bethlehem, 102, 125 Arnald, prior of Mt Sion, 58, 59 Albert, prior of St Maria Latina, 170 Arnold, prior of Holy Sepulchre, 31 Alexander III, pope, 31, 32, 33, 121, 179, 209 Arnulf, bishop of Martirano, 93 Alexander IV, pope, 129, 187, 204, 205, 237, 238, Arnulf of Chocques, 24, 25, 26, 27, 39, 58, 69, 84, 231 239, 259, 274 Ascalon, diocese of, 94, 97 Alexios Komnenos, emperor, 340, 351, 359 Ascension, church of, 88, 90 Alice of Montbéliard, 282 Ascension, site, 84 Alla as-Suﬂa, monastic ruins, 251 Aschetinus, 95 Alp Arslan, Seljuq sultan, 16 Asinou, monastery, 341, 455, 500 Altmann of Passau, 16 as-Salih Ayyub, Sultan, 203 Amalﬁ,20 Athanasios II, Orthodox patriarch of Jerusalem, Amalric I, king of Jerusalem, 32, 151, 207, 229, 363, 418 251 Athanasios the Athonite, 339

543

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-83638-8 — Latin and Greek Monasticism in the Crusader States Bernard Hamilton , Andrew Jotischky Index More Information

544 Index

Augustine of Nottingham, bishop of Latakia, 277 relics at, 100, 109 authority in Orthodox monasteries, 382–7 Bethlehem, Brethren of, 112–13 al-Ba’ina, monastery, 324, 364 Bethlehem, canons, 92–112 property, 94, 103 bakeries, 392 Bethlehem, diocese Baldwin, archbishop of Caesarea, 173 knight service, 104 Baldwin, bishop of Sebaste, 140 property in Acre, 105 Baldwin I, king of Jerusalem, 58, 93, 174, 414 Bethsan. See Scythopolis and Bethlehem, 94 Black Mountain, 242, 330–1 Baldwin II, king of Jerusalem, 95, 151, 177 Boniface of Montferrat, 184 Baldwin III, king of Jerusalem, 73, 151 Breve Commemoratorii,18 Baldwin IV, king of Jerusalem, 35, 41, 211 Burchard of Mt Sion, 67, 92, 111, 131, 145, 279, 394 Baldwin V, king of Jerusalem, 41, 151, 155 Burchard of Strasbourg, 336, 443 Balian of Ibelin, 143 Balsamon, Theodore, 362 Calixtus II, pope, 27, 160 Bar Hebraeus, Gregory, 283 Calvary, 22, 37 Baradaeus, Jacob, 11 Cana, 129 Barlaam and Joseph, 465 Carmelite Order, 263–71 Barletta Breviary, 417 Cecilia of Tarsus, 177 Barnabas, oikonomos, 492, 493 Celestine II, pope, 232 Bartholomew, bishop of Hebron, 137 Celestine III, pope, 43 Bartholomew of Edessa, 485 Cenaculum, 62, 65. See also Mt Sion Bartolf of Nangis, 56 charistike, 291, 358–60 Basil of Caesarea, 425 Chariton (monastic founder), 309 Basil II, Emperor, 15 Chariton, monastery, 352 Basil Skenouris, scribe, 488 synaxarion, 471 Baybars I, Sultan, 54 Charlemagne, 18–19 Beaulieu, monastery, 258–9, 275 Cheese Week, 396 Bede, Venerable, 17, 84, 132 Chemins et Pelerinages, 324 Bellapais, Premonstratensian abbey, 158–9 Christodoulos of Patmos, 5, 311, 348, 351, 357, 359, Belmont, Cistercian abbey, 247–51, 260 361, 371, 372, 379, 382, 388, 431, 433, 455, Benaki Psalter, 439, 491, 493, 495–6 488, 494 Benedict IV, pope, 19 and anchoresis, 388 Benedict XI, pope, 171 and hospitality, 400 Benedict of Arezzo, 273 and leadership, 383 Benjamin of Tudela, 136 and liturgy, 403, 407 Bernard, abbot of Mt Tabor, 198, 199 typikon, 422 Bernard, bishop of Bethlehem, 115 Chronica XXIV Generalium, 278 Bernard, bishop of Lydda, 34 Chronicle of Amadi, 240 Bernard, bishop of Nazareth, 114 Chronicle of Lanercost, 277 Bernard, prior of Mt of Olives, 87 Chronographia of Theophanes, 299 Bernard of Blois, 242, 243, 244 Chrysorroyiatissa, monastery, 342 Bernard of Clairvaux, 150, 247 Cistercian nuns, 259–62 Premonstratensians, 153 Cistercians, 247–59 Bernard of Valence, patriarch of Antioch, 213 Chapter-General, 249, 250, 254, 257, 258, 260 Bernard the Monk, 19 La citez de Iherusalem, 182 Bethany, convent, 228, 231–9 Clamécy, 101, 112 daughter-house, 238 Clement IV, pope, 188 liturgy, 235 Commemoratorium de casis Dei, 307, 312, 315 property, 236 confession, property in Acre, 237 in Orthodox monasteries, 429 rebuilding, 233–4 Conrad of Montferrat, 237 Bethesda, 225. See also St Anne’s Jerusalem, convent Constance of France, 175 Bethgibelin, 96 Constantine I, emperor, 22 Bethlehem contemplation in Orthodox monasteries, 410 church of the Nativity, 14, 99–100, 105, 107, 322 Convertites, 260 fortiﬁcations, 97 Council of Nablus, 26, 58 Orthodox monastery at, 322 Council of Trullo, 387

Index 545

Cyprus, 4, 5 Eumathios Philokeles, 341, 351 Cyril, bishop of Jerusalem Euphrosine, abbess of Polotsk, 302, 313 Catechetical Lectures, 413 Eusebius, bishop of Caesarea, 15 Cyril III, Coptic patriarch, 284 Onomasticon, 154 Cyril of Scythopolis, 310, 384, 395, 433, 434, 452 Evremar, patriarch of Jerusalem, 39

Dafruna, 331 Fabri, Felix, 88, 92 Daibert of Pisa, 24 Facundinus, abbot of St Maria Latina, 168, 169, 175 Daniel, Russian abbot, 25, 57, 85, 89, 114, 115, 133, Falco, abbot of St. Paul’s, Antioch, 216 139, 152, 155, 179, 191, 194, 196, 231, 252, fasting, 265 263, 302, 305, 309, 311, 312, 313, 315, 316, figure style 325, 339, 414, 415 in manuscript painting, 501 and St Chariton, 446 Filioque, 12, 18, 100 holy fire, 416 Fontevrault, 235 David II, king of Georgia, 353 Fortanie, Cyprus, 268 De locis sanctis. See Bede, Venerable Forty Martyrs of Sinai, 321 death, in Orthodox typika, 422, 423 Fourth Lateran Council, 45 Decorative Style, 469, 491, 492, 493, 502 Francis of Assisi, St, 272 demonic possession, 427, 428 Franciscans, 272–81 depictions of saints Custody of Jerusalem, 419 in fresco, 437 Spiritual Franciscans, 279 in manuscripts, 438 Fratres Heremitae Sancti Joannis Baptistae, 269 Descriptio Locorum circa Jerusalem adjacentium, Frederick, archbishop of Tyre, 73 100, 154 Frederick II, Emperor, 45, 47, 50 diet Frescobaldi, pilgrim, 318, 394 in Orthodox monasteries, 393–8 Fulcher, patriarch of Jerusalem, 35 for solitaries, 389 Fulcher, prior of Mt of Olives, 85 Dome of the Chain, 78 Fulcher of Chartres, 68, 319 Dome of the Rock, 68, 77, 83 Fulk, king of Jerusalem, 73 Dominic, abbot of Mt Sion, 56 and Premonstratensians, 151 Dominicans, 282–90 Chapter-General, 282, 288 Gabriel, stylite, 313, 385, 387, 426–7 and Coptic Church, 284 Gaillard d’Ossau, bishop of Bethlehem, 110 Galerand of Beirut, 203 Egeria, pilgrim, 17, 412 gardens, monastic, 394 Eleona, church, 14, 301 Garin, abbot of Mt Tabor, 198 Elias III, patriarch of Jersualem, 19 Geoffrey, abbot of Templum Domini, 72, 73 Elias of Narbonne, 206–7, 208–9 Geoffrey, bishop of Hebron, 139 Elijah, prophet, 263, 270, 325 Geoffrey of Beaulieu, 71, 204 Enguerrand, prior of Mt Sion, 59 George, monk of St Symeon the Wonderworker, 485 Enkleistra, monastery, 338, 342, 360, 361, 435 George the Athonite/Hagiorite, 332, 334 buildings, 391 George the Synkellos, 299, 309 frescoes, 496–500 Georgians library, 490, 491 on Black Mountain, 332–5 liturgy, 404, 407 and conflict with Greeks, 366 manuscript production, 489–90 in Jerusalem, 303, 419 and property ownership, 378 Gerald, abbot of Notre Dame de Josaphat, 186 entry gifts, to monasteries, 379 Gerald, archbishop of Mt Tabor, 192 Ep’rem Mcire, 332 Gerald, bishop of Bethlehem, 97 Epiphanios, 320 Gerald, Master of the Hospital, 162 Episkopia, monastery, 337 Gerard, abbot of Mt Sion, 65 Erard of Brienne, 45 Gerard of Nazareth, 123, 195, 206, 242, 243, 244, 245 Eschiva of Montbéliard, 274 Germanos II, Orthodox patriarch of Estoire d’Eracles,35 Constantinople, 402 Ethiopian Church, 284 Gerold of Lausanne, patriarch of Jerusalem, 46, 47, Etienne de Lusignan, 282, 340 48, 108, 282 eucharist, in Orthodox typika, 406 Gervase, abbot of Mt of Olives, 90 Eugenius III, pope, 29, 98, 178 Gervase, abbot of Prémontré, 155, 156

546 Index

Gethsemani, garden, 180 Holy Cross, Georgian monastery, 353 Gibelin of Arles, patriarch of Jerusalem, 26, 194 Holy Cross, monastery, 308 Gilduin, abbot of Notre Dame de Josaphat, 176 Holy Fire ritual, in Jerusalem, 25, 38, 49, 413, 414, Godfrey de Prefectis, bishop of Bethlehem, 108 416, 417 Godfrey of Bouillon, 25, 56, 68, 162 Holy Sepulchre Golden Legend, 316 church of, 22 Gormund, abbot of Palmaria, 207 endowments, 28–9, 33, 44, 45 Graptoi brothers, 299 knight service, 34 Gregory IX, pope, 148, 149, 185, 212, 254, 255, 266, loss of property, 43, 54 273, 274, 285 monastic community at, 4 Gregory X, pope, 188 prior, 34 Gregory the Great, pope, 17 rebuilding, 22–56 Dialogues, 442, 443, 464 Holy Sepulchre, canon Guarinus, abbot of Cuxa, 20 reform of 1114, 26–7 Gucci, pilgrim, 316, 354, 394, 448 Holy Sepulchre, canons of, 27–8 Guibert of Nogent, 226 Honorius III, pope, 46, 64, 81, 113, 203, Guido, abbot of St Maria Latina, 166 258 Guido, prior of Hebron, 134 Hospital of St John, 20 Guido Chat, 444 and Bethany, convent, 237 Guiscard, prior of Holy Sepulchre, 51 dispute with Templars, 83 Gunther, prior of Mt Sion, 59–60 and Hebron, 138 Gunther of Pairis, 264 and Mt Tabor, 1067.1 205 Guy, abbot of Notre Dame de Josaphat, 178, 189 hospitality, in Orthodox monasteries, 399–400 Guy, archbishop of Nazareth, 131 Hubert Walter, 125 Guy of Blond, 222 Hugh, abbot of Mt Sion, 65 Hugh, abbot of Notre Dame de Josaphat, 173, 176 Habakkuk, prophet, 154 Hugh, abbot of Templum Domini, 73, 75, 82, hagiographical manuscripts, 469–72 83 hagiography Hugh, archbishop of Nazareth, 126, 127 in Orthodox monastic writing, 484–5 Hugh, archbishop of Nicosia, 259 al-Hakim, caliph, 5, 20, 23, 56, 299 Hugh, bishop of Bethlehem, 111, 112, 113 al-Harawi, 182 Hugh, bishop of Gibelet, 277 Hattin, battle, 41 Hugh III, king of Cyprus, 111, 288 Hebron Hugh de Nissun, 144 diocese, 32 Hugh of Fagiano, archbishop of Nicosia, 159 discovery of crypt, 133–4 Hugh of Ibelin, 31 Hebron, canons of, 132–9 Hugh of Le Puiset, count of Jaffa, 176 knight service, 136 Humbert, Cardinal, 12 property, 135, 137, 138 hymnography, 405 Helena, Empress, 339 Henry, archbishop of Nazareth, 127, 128, 129, 130 Ibn Butlan, 328, 330 Henry I, count of Champagne, 180 icon Henry VI, emperor, 168, 169 of Saidnaya. See Saidnaya, monastery of Our Lady Henry II, king of Cyprus, 84 icon, painted by St Luke, 340 Henry, prior of Mount of Olives, 85, 86 al-Idrisi, 72 Henry Sdyck, bishop of Olmütz, 153 Ignatios of Smolensk, 311, 314, 316 Henry the Liberal, count of Champagne, 42, 142 Ignatius II, Syrian Orthodox patriarch of Antioch, Heraclius, patriarch of Jerusalem, 40, 41, 42, 102 283, 284 Herbert, abbot of SS Joseph and Habakkuk, 154 Ignea sagitta, Carmelite poem, 268 Hethum I, Armenian king, 159, 285 illuminated manuscripts Hethum II, Armenian king, 159, 279 in Orthodox monasteries, 410–12 Hethum of Corycus, 159, 240 Innocent II, pope, 28, 140, 150 Hisham, caliph, 11 Innocent III, pope, 90 Historia Orientalis. See Jacques de Vitry Innocent IV, pope, 50, 51, 92, 113, 146, 255, 259, 266, History of the Patriarchs of Alexandria, 418 275, 286 Hodegitria Icon, in Constantinople, 106 Isaac Komnenos, 344 Hodierna of Tripoli, 247 Isaak Angelos, Emperor, 418 Holy Cross, Cyprus. See Stavrovouni Isabel I, queen of Jerusalem, 184

Index 547

Islam, in Orthodox writing, 487 laura, monastic type, 2, 433 Itinerarium Peregrinorum et Gesta Regis Ricardi, Lawrence, prior of Mt of Olives, 85 42, 314 Lazaros of Mt Galesion, 310, 312, 348, 361, 366, 379, 384, 388, 396, 431, 433, 453, 455, 457 Jabal al-Qafra, 327 and hospitality, 400 Jacobites. See Syrian Orthodox Church Lazarus Jacob’s Well, 236 tomb, 231 Jacques de Vitry, 46, 49, 63, 222, 227, 272, 394, 473 Le Mazoir, Antiochene family, 216 James of Verona, 312, 316, 318, 390, 451 lectio divina James Pantaleon, patriarch of Jerusalem, 51, 52, in Orthodox monasteries, 475 238, 250 Leontios of Patmos, 326, 384, 386, 388, 408, 423, James, abbot of Mt Sion, 66 428, 431, 452, 457, 458 Jehosaphat, Valley of, 171 and stylitism, 430 hermits, 307 Letard I, archbishop of Nazareth, 117–18, 198 John III, abbot of Monte Cassino, 373 Letard II, archbishop of Nazareth, 118, 119, 123, 125 John, abbot of Mt Tabor, 200 Libellus de Expugnatione Terrae Sanctae per John, abbot of Notre Dame de Josaphat, 182 Saladinum, 41, 89, 124, 143, 237 John, abbot of St Samuel Acre, 157, 158 Liber Locorum,16 John, bishop of Banias, 101 libraries, in Orthodox monasteries, 460 John VIII, Orthodox patriarch of Jerusalem, 484 Life of Chariton, 446 John IX, Orthodox patriarch of Jerusalem, 317 Life of Constantine and Helena, 463 John of Brienne, 47 Life of George of Choziba, 312 John of Damascus, 310 Life of George the Athonite, 332 John of Ibelin, 47, 87, 147, 155 Life of Lazaros. See Lazaros of Mt Galesion John of Lucca, 195, 245 Life of Leontios, 326, 384, 386, 388, 408, 423, 428, John of Monte Corvino, 279 431, 452, 457, 458. See Leontios of Patmos John IV of Oxeia, patriarch of Antioch, 13, 292, 359, Life of Sabas, 302 375, 403 Life of St Symeon, 410 John of Würzburg, 35, 77, 78, 180, 206, 222, 228, 305 Life of Stephen the Sabaite, 309, 319 John Cassian, 404, 425 Life of Symeon the Younger, 327 Conferences, 447 Life of Theodore of Edessa, 445, 454, 455 John Klimakos, 320, 393 Ligio Heavenly Ladder, 467 church of, 118 John Kolobos, 424 tithes, 188, 198 John II Komnenos, emperor, 73, 96, 246 Lignages d’Outremer, 261 John Phokas, 100, 121, 122, 136, 143, 194, 200, 229, lions, 316, 444 263, 311, 312, 314, 316, 317, 322, 330, 351, Lithostrotos, 63 371, 387, 391, 432, 459 liturgy John the Baptist, relics, 140 in Acre, 63 John the Hesychast, 396, 427 Cypriot passion play, 419–21 John the Roman, bishop-elect of Bethlehem, 108, 109 in Jerusalem, 38, 39, 62, 63 John I Tzimisces, emperor, 191 in Orthodox monasteries, 403–10, 412–19 Joinville, Jean de, 286 typikon of 1122, 300, 413, 414, 416 Jordan of Saxony, Dominican general, 285 at Templum Domini, 77 Josaphat, Notre-Dame, abbey of, 4, 118 Lorenzo da Orte, 280 Louis VII, king of France, 59 Kantara, monastery, 344, 401, 485 Louis IX, king of France, 51 Karmi, Cyprus, 268 and Bethlehem, 109 Kastellion, 298 and Franciscans, 274 Khirbet Dair al-Fiqya, 326 at Nazareth, 127 Koutsovendis, monastery of St John Chrysostom, Luceta, abbess of Poor Clares, 277 341, 374 Ludolph of Sudheim, 268, 318 Kykkos, monastery of Our Lady, 340 Machanath, monastery, 245 La Ferté, Cistercian monastery, 253, 255, 257 Magna Mahumeria, 31 Lagoudera, monastery, 344, 500 Makhairas, monastery, 343–4, 355, 362, 381 languages, in Orthodox monasteries, 366 anchoresis at, 389 Latinisation in Cyprus, 338 authority in, 385

548 Index

Makhairas, monastery (cont.) dispute with Notre Dame de Josaphat, 85 dietary rules, 396–7 elevation to abbey, 87 hospitality at, 400 knight service, 87 liturgy, 407 Latin monastery, 18 patronage, 356 seal of abbot, 90 property ownership, 376–7 Mt Pilgrim, 40 typikon, 355, 356, 452 Mt Quarantana, monastery, 28, 39, 318–19 Mamre, 133, 136 Mt Sinai, monastery, 211, 319–21 Mandeville, Sir John, Travels, 148 icons from, 368 Manganeios Prodromos, 330 linguistic groups at, 367, 368 manual labour, 265 manuscripts from, 368 in Orthodox monasteries, 373–5, 424–7 metochion in Acre, 323 Manuel Boukellaros Hagiostephanites, scribe, 488, mosque at, 354 491, 492 orchard, 394 Manuel Butumites, 340, 351 physical layout, 390–1 Manuel Komnenos, Emperor, 314, 315, 317, 351 property, 369–70 manuscript production, 488–94 Mt Tabor, abbey, 2, 130, 190–206, 323, 353 Mar Musa, monastery, 502, 503 assault by Saladin, 200 Margaret, regent of Sicily, 167 and Cluny, 193 Margaret of Lusignan, 225 and Fifth Crusade, 202 Maria, abbess of St Mary Magdalene Acre, 259 income, 202 Mary Magdalene library, 193 and Bethany, 233 liquidation of abbey, 204 Mary, Blessed Virgin property, 193, 196–7, 199 shrine, 172, 173 property in Acre, 201 tomb, 190 and St Paul’s Antioch, 200 Matilda, abbess of Bethany, 232 Mt Zion/Sion, basilica, 60 Matthew, canon and preceptor of the Holy Mt Zion/Sion, monastery, 56–67 Sepulchre, 51 forged bull, 56–7 Matthew of Edessa, 416 seal of, 67 Matthew Paris, 113, 285, 286 Mountjoie, 156. See St Samuel Montjoie Maurice of Craon, 76, 101, 136, 320 Moutoullas, 504 Maurus, abbot of Templum Domini, 82 al-Muazzam, 48 melagria, 395 al-Muqadassi, 172 Melchizedek, cave of, 194 Meletios, hegoumen of St Sabas, 311, 353 Nablus, 74 Melisende, abbess of Bethany, 236 Narratio de rebus Armeniae, 465 Melisende, queen of Jerusalem, 74, 220, 228, 232, 357 Nasir-i Khusraw, 79, 415 burial at Notre Dame de Josaphat, 179 Nazareth, archdiocese, 116 Premonstratensians, 151 knight service, 117, 120 Melkites, 11 Nazareth, canons of, 114–32 menologia. See hagiographical collections church in Acre, 129 Michael IV, emperor, 23 income, 121, 130 Michael the Synkellos, 299, 379, 388, 455 library, 123 Michael the Syrian, Syrian Orthodox patriarch of property, 120, 130 Antioch, 283 Rule, 127–8 Michael Cerularius, patriarch of Constantinople, 12 Nazareth capitals, 122 Miles of Plancy, 76 Nazareth, Church of, property in Champagne, 123 miracles, 443–51 Nazareth, Council of, 121 Monachus, patriarch of Jerusalem, 43 Nazareth, shrines in, 131 Monreale, 100 Neilos, of Makhairas, 344, 406, 461 Morphia, queen of Jerusalem, 177 Nemanjic, Savas. See St Savas of Serbia Mt Carmel, monastery of St Margaret, 325 Neophytos the Recluse, 342–3, 360, 361, 426, 431, Mt Hor, 319 432, 434, 435 Mt Latros, 464 as author, 481 Mount of Olives, abbey of, 298 books, 460 abbot as patriarchal vicar, 91 Catechetics, 484 dispute with Holy Sepulchre, 86 and conquest of Cyprus, 483

Index 549

founder of Makhairas, 343 Palmaria, abbey, 206–11 frescoes. See Enkleistra, monastery, frescoes Pardouns de Acre, 105, 132 and Freud, 499 Paschal II, pope, 58, 162, 174, 192 as hagiographer, 436 passion play. See liturgy, Cypriot Passion Play and Holy Land, 456 Pater Noster and leadership, 385 church of, 89 panegyrics, 427, 481–2 patriarchs, shrine of, 132 self-representation, 498, 499 patristic theology sexuality, 452, 453 in Orthodox monasteries, 466–8 succession, 435 patronage of monasteries typikon, 423 aristocratic, 352 and women, 398 imperial, 351 Netter, Thomas, 271 Paul, bishop of Tripoli, 277 Niccolò da Poggibonsi, 234, 303, 306, 316, 318, 390 Paul II, pope, 259 Niccolò de Martoni, 390 Paul of Antioch, bishop of Sidon, 353, 354, 486–7 Nicene Creed, 12 Paul of Monemvasia, 464 Nicholas I, Melkite patriarch of Alexandria, 285 Paul of Thebes, 438 Nicholas III, patriarch of Constantinople, 13 Pelagius, papal legate, 64 Nicholas IV, pope, 131, 276 Pelerinages por aler en Iherusalem, Les, 48, 202, 266 Nicholas of Hanape, patriarch of Jerusalem, 55, 289 Pelrinages et Pardouns de Acre, 156, 171, 261, 276 Nicholas of Thvera, 140 Peregrine, abbot of Sta Maria Latina, 170 Nikephoros Phokas, Emperor, 372 Persian invasion, 297, 298 Nikon of the Black Mountain, 311, 328, 332, 359, Peter, abbot of Notre Dame de Josaphat, 186, 187, 188 360, 361, 376, 386, 393, 453 Peter, abbot of St Sergius Gibelet, 257 books, 461, 462 Peter, abbot of Templum Domini, 81 dietary rules, 395, 396 Peter, archbishop of Nazareth, 132 and hospitality, 399 Peter, bishop of Bethlehem, 105 and labour, 425 Peter, bishop of Hebron, 138 leadership, 383, 384 Peter III, patriarch of Antioch, 12 and liturgy, 406–8, 409 Peter, prior of St Katherine Montgisard, 212 Pandekts, 361, 375, 380, 477–9 Peter, prior of the Holy Sepulchre, 28, 46, 146 personal possessions of monks, 379, 380 Peter de Pennis, 316, 318 property owning, 374 Peter of Barcelona, 29 Taktikon, 383, 462, 479–81 Peter II of Ivrea, patriarch of Antioch, 244, 253 North Ferriby, 75 Peter l’Aleman, abbot of Belmont, 250 Notre Dame de Josaphat, monastery, 171–90 Peter the Hermit, 14, 84 crypt shrine, 179–80 Peter the Iberian, 305 knight service, 181 Peter the Venerable, abbot of Cluny, 192 liturgy, 181 Peter Thomas, papal legate, 271 pilgrim hospice, 175 Petra, archdiocese, 32, 75 property, 174–5, 184 Philip, Dominican Provincial Prior, 283, 285 tithes, 177 Philip of Nablus, 320, 449 Sicilian property, 189 Philip of Savona, 336 pilgrim hospice, 176 pilgrimage, 14–17 German pilgrims in 1065, 16 Odo of Châteauroux, papal legate, 258 pilgrims Old Laura. See St Chariton, monastery to Jerusalem, 38 Old Man of the Mountains, 286 Poemen, Egyptian Father, 393 Oliver of Paderborn, 473 polemical debate, 354 Onuphrios, 393 polemics Opizo dei Fieschi, patriarch of Antioch, 51, 146, 147, compendia, 468 255, 256 in Orthodox monastic writing, 485–8 Orderic of Foro Iulii, 318 Poor Clares, 275, 277, 278 Oshin, Armenian king, 280 Porphyry, prior of Machanath, 245 Our Lady of Carraria, monastery, 245–6 poverty, of Orthodox monasteries, 358 Pachomius, 427 praetorium, 63 Palladius, Lausiac History, 439, 465 Prémontré, 150

550 Index

property Saewulf, pilgrim, 79, 85, 97, 114, 133, 173, 191, 220, monastic, 375 226, 231, 311, 415 renunciation of, 265 Saffuriya, 129 Protoevangelium of St James, 225 Saidnaya, monastery of Our Lady, 336, 443, 444, 445 Pyrgos, 258 Les sains pelerinages que l’on doit requerre en la Terre Sainte, 202, 324 Qubbat al-Mi’rāj, 78 St Abraham. See Hebron St. Anne, church in Acre, 229 Radulph, prior of Sebaste, bishop of Sebaste, 141, St. Anne, feast of, 227 142, 144 St Anne’s Jerusalem, convent, 225–30 Rainald, abbot of St Maria Latina, 166 decoration, 228 Rainier, bishop of Sebaste, 140, 141 St Barlaam, monastery, 333 Rainier, Prior of Hebron, 133 St Basil of Caesarea, 382 Rainier, prior of St. Abraham, 132 St Chariton, monastery, 305, 309, 445, 446, 447 Ralph, abbot of Notre Dame de Josaphat, 185 St Crux de Carpita, convent, 239–41 Ralph I, bishop of Bethlehem, 98, 101 St Egidio, Rome, 32 Ralph II, bishop of Bethlehem, 103, 104 St Elias, monastery, 304, 314, 364 Ralph Glaber, 19 St Elias, Orthodox church on Mt Tabor, 192, 200 Ralph of Merencourt, patriarch of Jerusalem, 45, 46 St Elias of Mt Carmel, monastery, 263 Ramla, monastery of the Syrians, 322 St Euthymios, 365, 432 Raymond, abbot of Mt Tabor, 196 St Euthymios, monastery, 304, 312–13, 353 Raymond, abbot of Templum Domini, 75, 76 St Euthymios, monastery in Jerusalem, 352, Raymond IV, count of Toulouse, 40, 93, 160 357 Raymond, prince of Antioch, 214 typikon, 422 Raynald, abbot of Mt Sion, 60, 61 St. Gabriel, church, 114 refectory, 392, 397 St George Reynald, bishop of Hebron, 136 cult of, 145, 146, 242 Reynald of Châtillon, 136, 181 St George Antioch Reynier, bishop of Bethlehem, 106, 107, 108, canons, 145–7 113 St George Choziba, monastery, 311–12, 391 Ribot, Philip, 268 St George de Jubino, Cistercian monastery, 242–4, Riccardiani Psalter, 229 253–6, 333 Riccoldo of Monte Croce, 190, 273, 278, 283, property, 254 289, 318 St Gerasimos, monastery, 315–16 Richard, abbot of St Maria Latina, 163, 166 St Gildas, monastery at Antioch, 293 Richard, archbishop of Messina, 168 St Gregory, monastery of, 291 Richard the Seneschal, 196 St Habakkuk, monastery. See St Samuel Montjoie Richer, abbot of Salvatio, 251 St Hilarion, 393, 436 Ritual of the Holy Sepulchre, 62. See liturgy, in St Jerome, 441 Jerusalem St John Chrysostom, 327, 440 Robert, abbot of Our Lady of Carraria, 246 Homilies on Matthew, 440 Robert, abbot of St. Paul’s Antioch, 215 St John Chrysostom, monastery, 317–18 Robert, Abbot of Sta Maria Latina, 83 St John in nemore, Cistercian monastery, 252–3 Robert, archbishop of Nazareth, 117, 125 St John Lampadistis, monastery, 340 Robert I, count of Flanders, 16 St John Patmos, monastery, 373, 494. See also Robert I, duke of Normandy, 16 Christodoulos of Patmos Robert of Nantes, patriarch of Jerusalem, 50 St John Prodromos, monastery, 5, 304, 315 Roger, abbot of Templum Domini, 76 St John the Baptist, shrine, 139, 145 Roger, prince of Antioch, 174 St. Joseph of Arimathea, 154 Roger, prior of Hebron, 135 St Katherine, 319, 320 Roger of Corbeil, 146 cult and miracles, 211, 447–50 Roger of Howden, 314 tomb, 320, 390 Roger Borsa, duke of Apulia, 175 St Katherine, monastery. See Sinai, monastery Rohard of Jaffa, 76 St Katherine Montgisard, abbey, 211–12 Roidion, monastery, 331, 360, 399, 402 St Kyriakos, 438 Rule of Augustine, 3, 26 St Mamas, monastery, 429 Rule of Benedict, 3 St Marie la Grande, 162 Rule of Pachomios, 393 St Margaret, monastery, 266

Index 551

St Mary and All Saints, Acre, 147–9 Sta Maria Latina, monastery, 20, 21, 162–71 property, 148 dispute with Holy Sepulchre, 166 St Mary de Parcheio, convent, 260 dispute with Hospital of St John, 166, 170 St Mary Hodegetria, convent, 302. See also Spoudaion in pilgrim guide, 165 St Mary Kalamon, monastery, 316–17 knight service, 165 St Mary Magdalene Acre, convent, 248, 259–61 property, 163, 164 St Mary Magdalene Nicosia, convent, 261 rebuilding, 165 St Mary Magdalene Tripoli, convent, 261 relics, 166 St Mary of Bethlehem, in Constantinople, 105 rights in Sicily 1194, 168, 169 St Mary on Orontes, convent, 292 tithe, 165 St Mary the Great, convent, 220–5 Saphet, castle, 276 in Cyprus, 224, 225 Savas of Serbia, 305, 357, 358, 363 relics, 222 schism, of 1054, 13 St Mary the Great, convent, in Tyre, 223 Scythopolis, diocese, 114 St Nicholas tis stegis, 500 Sebaste St Onuphrios church of St John the Baptist, 439 Life of Onuphrios, 484 crypt chapel, 143 St Panteleeimon, monastery, 332 Sebaste, canons, 139–45 St Paul’s Antioch, abbey, 212–19 knight service, 142 and Notre Dame de Josaphat, 217 property, 142 in Cyprus, 219, 329 Sebaste, cathedral, 142–3 property, 215 Second Guide, 136 St Pelagia, church of, 88 semantron, 408 St Procopios, monastery, 306 Sergius, abbot of St Paul’s Antioch, 215 St Romuald, 243 Sergius III, pope, 12 St Ruf Avignon, canons, 160–1 Sergius IV, pope, 12 St Sabas, 2, 5, 298, 310, 353, 357, 367, 384, 395, 418, sexuality, 451–3 424, 432, 434 Sheep-Pool, church of, 229 St Sabas, laura, 299, 310–11, 399, 409, 416, 417 Shiloh, 152 books, 461 Sibyl, abbess of St Anne’s, 229 liturgy, 403, 409 Sibyl, countess of Flanders, 233 property, 370, 371 Sibyl, queen of Jerusalem, 61 typikon, 409, 475 silence, 265 St Sabas, metochion in Jerusalem, 305 Sisters of Tyre. See also St Mary the Great, convent St Samuel Acre, monastery, 155–8 Soffredus, patriarch of Jerusalem, 44 abbot, 157 Soibrand, abbot of Sta Maria Latina, 163 St Samuel Montjoie soldier-saints, cult, 504 abbey church, 152 Sophronius, patriarch of Jerusalem, 299, 404 canons, 150–3 Souka. See Mt Quarantana property, 151 Spoudaion, monastery, 300 site of monastery, 151 Stavrovouni, monastery of Holy Cross, 219, 337, St Savas of Serbia, 306, 311, 322, 458 339, 450 St Sergius, cult of, 257 Stephania, abbess of St Mary the Great, 221 St Sergius Gibelet, monastery, 256–8, 335 Stephen abbot of Cluny, 209 property, 257 Stephen I, king of Hungary, 20 St Symeon, monastery at Antioch, 328–9 Stephen III, patriarch of Antioch, 11 St Theodore of Nicosia, convent, 262 Stephen of La Perche, 75, 167 St Theodosius, monastery, 313–14 Stephen of Ramla, 309, 474 property, 370 Stephen the Sabaite, 310, 317 St Theoktistos, monastery, 437, 500 Strategios, 298, 299 St Trinitas de Rephech, monastery, 248 stylites, 430 St Willibald, 310, 315 Symeon II, Orthodox patriarch of Jerusalem, 14, Sts Joseph and Habakkuk, canons, 153–5 24, 456 Sts Joseph and Habakkuk, monastery, 156 Symeon of Thessalonika, 408 Saladin, 42, 48 Symeon of Trier, 19, 320, 450 and Greek Orthodox Church, 418 Symeon the Just, house of, 79, 80 restores Islamic worship at Temple Mount, 80 Symeon the New Theologian, 429 Salvatio, Cistercian monastery, 251–2 Symeon the Stylite, 437, 438

552 Index

Symeon the Wonderworker, 430 Tractatus de locis et statu sancte terre Symeon the Younger, 328 ierosolimitane, 167 Symon, abbot of Templum Domini, 84 Transﬁguration Syriac, as liturgical language, 473 liturgy, 206 Syrian Orthodox Church, 11, 37 site of, 190 shrine, 197 Taktikon, 331. See also Nikon of the Black Mountain translation Tamar, queen of Georgia, 308 from Arabic to Greek, 474, 476 Tancred, 68, 92, 93, 114, 191, 192 Trium Umbrarum. See St Mary and All Saints, Acre Templar of Tyre, 67, 230 typika, founders’, 6, 348, 349–50 Templars, 40 Temple. See Templum Domini Urban II, pope, 13, 14 Templum Domini Urban III, pope, 161 coronation ceremony, 78 Urban IV, pope, 130, 257, 259. See also James in Acre, 81 Pantaleon knight service, 75 Usamah Ibn Munqidh, 140 priory of, 68–84 property, 73–4, 81–2 Vassal, bishop of Gibelet, 256, 257, 335 rebuilding, 71–2, 77 visual culture Terricus, of Mt Sion, 66 in Orthodox monasteries, 505–6 Tetraevangelia, 469, 491 Thecua, 94 walls, around monasteries, 391 Theobald of Navarre Walter the Chancellor, 146, 213 crusade, 83 War of St. Sabas, 187 Theobald of Vermandois, 209 Warmund, patriarch of Jerusalem, 27, 74 Theoderic, pilgrim, 35, 36, 37, 39, 60, 63, 72, 77, 78, Warner count of Grez, 140, 177 79, 88, 89, 121, 122, 143, 152, 155, 222, 228, Wilbrand of Oldenburg, 63, 91, 183, 322, 339, 450 234, 236, 315 William, abbot of Notre Dame de Josaphat, 189, 190 Theodore Abu Qurrah, 487 William, archbishop of Nazareth, 116, 117 Theodore the Studite, 309, 312, 382, 408 William, bishop of Acre, 209 Theodosios the Coenobiarch, 313, 393 William, bishop of Tortosa, 277 Theoktistos, abbot of Patmos, 386, 427 William IV, count of Nevers, 101 Theotokos Evergetis, typikon, 379 William II, king of Sicily, 183 synaxarion, 471 William I, patriarch of Jerusalem, 28, 57, 59, 71 Theotokos Evergetis, monastery, 349, 382 William, prior of the Holy Sepulchre, 45, 46 Thietmar, pilgrim, 105, 126, 315, 319, 320, 325, 336, William of Aversa, 213 355, 367 William of Burès, prince of Galilee, 177 and Saidnaya, 444 William of Coventry, 268, 269, 270 and St Chariton, 447 William of Poitou, 54 and St Katherine, 447, 448 William of Rubruck, 275 Third Crusade, 105 William of St. Pathus, 274 Third Lateran Council, 41, 102 William of Tripoli, 287 Thomas, Ethiopian abuna, 284 William of Tyre, 20, 68, 72, 102, 119, 232 Thomas of Bethlehem, 53 and Nazareth, 117 Thomas of Lentino, 52, 55, 109, 110, 111 and St Mary Latina, 162 Thomas Aquinas, 289 Willibald, 190 Thomas Becket, 79, 101 women Thomas Morosini, Latin patriarch of and Orthodox monasteries, 398–9, 451 Constantinople, 106 Wondrous Mountain, 328, 330 Tiberias, diocese, 127 Woodbridge, 75 Tiberias, Orthodox monastery, 326 Tilium, monastery near Antioch, 292 xenodochos, role in monastery, 386 tomb of Christ, 23 Tortosa, 240 Yves le Breton, Dominican, 286, 287 Tractatus de inventione sanctorum Yveta, abbess of Bethany, 228, 232, 233, 235 patriarcharum, 134 Yvo, abbot of Mt Sion, 64