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Film and TV content in VOD catalogues 2019 Edition

Christian Grece & Marta Jiménez Pumares October 2019

A publication of the European Audiovisual Observatory Table of Contents

A. Main findings - Film and TV content in VOD catalogues in the EU

B. Films in VOD catalogues in the EU

C. TV contents in VOD catalogues in the EU

For each section, six subsections: 1. Size of catalogues 2. Number of unique contents available in catalogues 3. Origin and circulation of contents (titles, seasons and episodes) 4. Focus on services’ core business and ownership 5. Composition of catalogues by national and EU non-national contents 6. Focus on the export of EU contents in the EU on TVOD and SVOD Introduction

The aim of this report is to provide the first global insight into the composition of VOD catalogues in Europe,looking at both film and TV content with 7 research questions addressed:

What is the average and median size of TVOD and SVOD catalogues, for film and TV content? What are the regions of origin of unique titles in VOD catalogues? What are the shares of films and TV contents by region of origin in VOD catalogues? On average, what is the country and service circulation of unique titles by region of origin? Which players offer the largest number of film and TV content, and what are the shares of this content by region of origin? What is the share of national and EU non-national works in VOD catalogues? Which EU production countries are the main exporters of film and TV titles on VOD in the EU?

For film, 146 TVOD catalogues and 136 SVOD catalogues are analysed based on JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital and EUROVOD catalogue data. The data was collected in June 2019 and the titles were matched through databases with their countries of production.

For TV content, the analysis is based on JustWatch data from 118 Subscription Video-On-Demand (SVOD) catalogues in 21 EU countries and on 53 Transactional Video-On-Demand (TVOD) catalogues from 14 EU countries. The data was collected in October 2019 and the TV titles were matched through databases with their countries of production. Methodology

A film is defined as a feature film, fiction film, documentary or other film content available in the “Film” / “Movie” section of the VOD catalogues part of the sample.

For the TV content section, all content classified under as “TV” on VOD services is taken into account.

The contents are analysed as unique titles and as cumulated titles, seasons and episodes available on VOD.

For the origin of a title, only the first country of production is taken into account. The production countries are based on data collected from the European Audiovisual Observatory’s LUMIERE database on admissions to films in Europe, IMDb and the Movie database.

The shares included in this report are only indicative and minor identification errors might have occurred.

Please quote this report as “Film and TV content in VOD catalogues – 2019 edition”, European Audiovisual Observatory

If you wish to reproduce tables or graphs contained in this publication please contact the European Audiovisual Observatory for prior approval.

Opinions expressed in this publication are personal and do not necessarily represent the view of the European Audiovisual Observatory, its members or the Council of Europe. A – MAIN FINDINGS

Main findings – Film and TV content

This section builds on the analysis of film + TV content put together, on TVOD and SVOD. The samples for film and TV content being partially different, these results should be taken as indicative. Average size of catalogues: the impact of choice of indicators on the results

On average, there are more film titles than TV titles and TV seasons, but dominance of TV episodes Considering TV episodes, the TV content offer is five times bigger than the film titles offer on TVOD, 3.6 times bigger on SVOD

Size of TVOD catalogues in average number of contents Size of SVOD catalogues in average number of contents

23 814

13 840 19 858

10 855 5 236 4 052 3 390 3 759 546 1 280 405 774 3 956 3 956 3 956 2 985 2 985 2 985

Film + TV titles Film + TV seasons Film + TV episodes Film + TV titles Film + TV seasons Film + TV episodes

Film TV Film TV

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Median size of catalogues: the impact of choice of indicators on the results

Median offer of Film titles is superior to median offer of TV titles & seasons on TVOD On SVOD, the offer of unique film titles is also higher but to a lesser extent than on TVOD In episodes, the TV content median offer is 11x bigger than the film offer on SVOD; 6x bigger in TVOD Size of TVOD catalogues in median number of contents Size of SVOD catalogues in median number of contents 7 658

6 696

6 570

6 137

1 438 1 255 780 1 027 167 350 468 1 088 1 088 1 088 221 559 559 559

Film + TV titles Film + TV seasons Film + TV episodes Film + TV titles Film + TV seasons Film + TV episodes

Film TV Film TV

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Unique film titles much more available than unique TV titles

The offer of unique film titles is much higher than the offer of unique TV content titles, 10x more unique film than TV titles on TVOD, 5x on SVOD Proportionally, TVOD is more film-oriented and SVOD is more series-oriented In total, TVOD services offered more unique titles than SVOD services

Number of unique content titles by business model, in number

60 193

36 796

6 328 6 705

TVOD SVOD

Film titles TV content titles Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Origin by region of Films + TV titles, Films + TV seasons, Films + TV episodes

While EU content represents 30% on TVOD and 26% on SVOD if films and TV titles and/or seasons are counted, the share falls to 27% on TVOD and 20% on SVOD if films and TV episodes are considered US content’s share follows the opposite direction, highest when TV episodes are considered, lowest when TV titles are considered

Origin of Film + TV titles, seasons or episodes found on TVOD Origin of Film + TV titles, seasons or episodes found on SVOD

Film + TV Film + TV titles; 13% Film + TV Film + TV titles; 26% titles; 30% titles; Film + TV 24% seasons; 12% Film + TV Film + TV seasons; Film + TV seasons; Film + TV episodes; 30% seasons; Film + TV 26% 10% 22% episodes; Film + TV 24% episodes; Film + TV 20% episodes; 27% 2%

1% 1% 2% 2% 2% Film + TV episodes; 62% Film + TV episodes; 54% Film + TV seasons; 56% Film + TV seasons; 51% Film + TV titles; 55% Film + TV titles; 48%

EU 28 EUR Obs US Other regions EU 28 EUR Obs US Other regions

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Country circulation of films and TV unique titles by region and by business model

Both on TVOD and SVOD, for film and TV titles, EU titles circulated less in EU countries than the titles from all other regions (except other regions’ TV titles on TVOD) US titles circulated the best on TVOD for film and TV, while on SVOD film and TV titles from other regions and the US circulated the best

Circulation on TVOD by number of countries Circulation on SVOD by number of countries

7,5 7,2

6,1 5,3

4,7 4,2 4 4,1 3,8 3,2 3,4

2,3 2,6 1,9 2 1,6

EU EUROBS US Other regions EU EUROBS US Other regions

Film TV Film TV

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Service circulation of films and TV content by region and by business model

Films circulate better than TV titles on TVOD; TV titles circulate better than films on SVOD When services are considered, EU film and TV titles circulated better on services than titles from other regions on TVOD. On SVOD on the other hand, EU titles, both film and TV, had the smallest services circulation for titles of all regions US titles, on TVOD and SVOD, film and TV, had the widest service circulation

Circulation on TVOD by number of services Circulation on SVOD by number of services

12,5

8,6 8,6 7,6 7,1 7 6,9

5,6 4,8 4,3 4,3 3,8 3,9 3,7 2,9 2,6

EU EUROBS US Other regions EU EUROBS US Other regions

Film TV Film TV

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Tech and pure VOD players offer the largest amount of film and TV titles

On TVOD, tech players have the largest number of TV titles and film titles in their catalogues On SVOD, tech and pure VOD players offer the largest amount of film and TV titles For both business models, over 70% of the works available are offered by tech and pure VOD players

TVOD – Films and TV titles in catalogues SVOD – Films and TV titles in catalogues

Distributor Telecom Film institute Distributor 28 792 27 572 Pure VOD player 1 276 4 209 5% 5% TV 56 380 1% 2% 47 652 9% TV 8% 42 769 23%

Telecom Pure VOD player 10 506 74 824 5% 40%

Tech Tech 54 661 437 361 29% 73%

Number of Number of Average number of film Average number of film Core business SVOD Core business TVOD and TV titles and TV titles catalogues catalogues Distributor 26 162 Distributor 16 1 800 Pure VOD player 74 1 011 Pure VOD player 46 1 226 Tech 42 1 301 Tech 106 4 126 Telecom 21 500 Telecom 13 2 121 TV 90 475 TV 18 2 647 Film institute 1 1 276 Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Share of EU non-national and national Films and TV content in catalogues

EU non-national film and TV content represents the largest share of EU content, both on SVOD and TVOD TVOD had a higher share of national film and TV content than SVOD services

Share of EU non-national and national contents on TVOD Share of EU non-national and national contents on SVOD

Film + TV titles 22% Film + TV titles Film + TV 31% seasons Film + TV 22% seasons Film + TV 32% episodes 22% Film + TV episodes Film + TV episodes 45% 55% Film + TV episodes Film + TV 78% seasons 68% Film + TV Film + TV seasons titles 78% Film + TV 69% titles 78%

EU non-national National EU non-national National

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Export of EU non-national Film and TV titles on TVOD

On TVOD, British film and TV titles are the most exported titles of EU titles, followed by French film titles and German TV titles While EU-5 are the top exporting countries for film, this is not true for TV content While Spanish titles represent 5% of all EU film exports, they only represent 2% of TV titles exports Origin of EU non-national film titles on TVOD Origin of EU non-national TV titles on TVOD

10 other countries 11 other countries BE 3% 5% ES 2% 2%

NL AT IE 2% 2% AT 2% IE 3% 3% BE DK 3% 3% SE GB IT 3% 32% 4% DK 3% SE 4% GB ES 48% 5%

FR IT 10% 7%

DE 15% FR DE 20% 19%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Export of EU non-national Film and TV titles on SVOD

On SVOD, British film and TV titles account also for the lion share of EU exports with over 50% of all TV titles which were exported EU-5 countries complete the top 5 export countries, both for film and TV titles on SVOD Spanish TV titles had a higher share of TV titles exports on SVOD with 6% of all EU TV titles exports Origin of EU non-national film titles on SVOD Origin of EU non-national TV titles on SVOD 11 other countries 14 other countries IE 5% 4% BE BE 2% AT 2% DK 2% IE 2% 2% 2%

NL SE 3% 3% DK GB IT 3% 29% 4% CZ 3% ES SE 6% 4%

IT GB DE 7% 55% 9%

ES 8%

FR FR 19% 13% DE 13%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data B – FILMS ON VOD

Films in VOD catalogues in the EU Overview of 146 TVOD catalogues and 136 SVOD catalogues B.1 – Size of film catalogues

TVOD services are more focused on films than SVOD services On average, a higher number of films and higher median films in catalogues for TVOD services

Multi-country services have, for both business models, larger film catalogues Be it for TVOD or SVOD, multi-country services have a higher average and median number of films in their catalogues than national services

Huge variances in sizes of catalogues reflect different approaches – curation versus large choice While multi-country TVOD services seem to focus on offering a large choice to their customers, several national TVOD and SVOD services have more a logic of curation Strong differences between TVOD and SVOD services in the number of films

The median TVOD catalogue has more than 5 times as many films than the median SVOD catalogue On average, TVOD catalogues have more than 3 times as many films than SVOD catalogues TVOD services are more film-focused whereas SVOD services rely more heavily on TV content

Average and Median size of film catalogues by business model, in number of films

3 956

2 985

1 088

559

Average number of films Median number of films

146 TVOD catalogues 136 SVOD catalogues

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Also strong differences between national and multi-country services

Be it on TVOD or SVOD, multi-country catalogues have a larger number of films than national services, with an average difference of 1 667 films for TVOD services and 486 films for SVOD services

Size of multi-country film catalogues, in number of films Size of national film catalogues, in number of films

4 321

3 473

2 654

1 655

1 185

699 613 387

Average Median Average Median

TVOD 114 Multi-country catalogues SVOD 109 Multi-country catalogues TVOD - 32 national services SVOD - 27 national services

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data And huge disparities in the number of films for TVOD and SVOD services

The maximum and minimum number of films show that multi-country TVOD services are more focused on films than other service types, for which some seem more focused on curation. Maximum number of films in catalogue by business model Minimum number of films in catalogue by business model

27 797

472

14 561

9 642

2 234 17 14 11

Multi-country TVOD Multi-country SVOD National TVOD National SVOD Multi-country TVOD Multi-country SVOD National TVOD National SVOD

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data B.2 – Unique film titles available in VOD catalogues

On TVOD and SVOD combined, over 68 500 unique film titles were available EU unique film titles represented 40% of all unique film titles with 23 704 titles US film titles were the most represented with 24 834 titles or 41% of overall unique titles A larger choice of unique titles on TVOD With over 60 000 titles, TVOD services had a larger film title offer than SVOD services with 36 700 titles

And also a larger offer of EU unique film titles on TVOD services With 40% of all unique titles being of EU origin, representing 23 704 unique film titles, TVOD services offered a larger choice than SVOD services’ 12 763 unique EU film titles or 35% of all film titles available on SVOD

More British unique film titles on SVOD, more French titles on TVOD With 24% of all EU titles, British film titles were the most offered EU titles on SVOD with French titles making up 16% and German titles 13% On TVOD, French titles represented 23% of all EU titles, British titles 19% and German titles 14% On both types of services, Spanish titles represented 6% and the least found titles from other 18 EU countries 10% of all EU titles. Total number of unique film titles available in VOD catalogues

On a whole, over 68 503 unique films titles were available to customers on both types of services 39% of all unique film titles were of EU origin and 40% of US origin For EU films, French and British titles represented 41% of all unique EU films titles, and EU-5 titles 72% of all EU unique film titles

Origin of unique film titles in VOD catalogues by region of origin Origin of unique EU film titles in VOD catalogues by country of origin Other 18 EU countries Other regions 2 995 11% 12 834 19% SE 747 3% FR 5 654 21% DK 756 3% EU 28 26 666 AT 864 3% 39% CZ 990 4% 68 503 unique film titles

BE 1 144 4%

ES 1 685 6% GB 5 208 20% US 27 531 40% IT 2 988 11% EUR OBS DE 3 635 14% 1 472 2% 7 760 film titles could not be identified and have been excluded from the analysis. They represent 10% of all collected film titles.

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data A larger choice of unique titles on TVOD

TVOD services offer the highest number of total unique films titles, with over 60 000 titles available On TVOD services, EU unique film titles represented 40% of all unique titles, on SVOD 35% On both type of services, US titles made up more than 40% of all unique films titles

Origin of unique film titles in TVOD catalogues Origin of unique film titles in SVOD catalogues

Other regions Other regions 10 352 7 395 17% 20%

EU 28 EU 28 23 704 12 763 40% 35%

60 193 unique film titles 36 796 unique film titles

US EUR OBS 24 834 US 698 41% EUR OBS 15 940 2% 1 303 43% 2%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data

On TVOD, 4 894 film titles have not been identified (7,5% of all film titles), on SVOD the number of unidentified titles was 3 119 or 7,8% of all titles. They have been excluded for the analysis. Differences in the origin of EU titles by business model

While on TVOD, French titles were the most represented with 23% of EU titles, on SVOD this was the case for British titles with 24% which travelled better in multi-country catalogues For the other EU-5 countries, the percentages were almost identical on TVOD and SVOD Nordic films from SE and DK made up 6% on TVOD and 7% on SVOD For both type of services, the rest of 18 EU countries represented 10% of all unique EU titles.

Origin of unique EU film titles in TVOD catalogues Origin of unique EU film titles in SVOD catalogues

Other 18 EU NL 569 2% DK 329 3% Other 18 EU countries 2 324 SE 626 3% countries 1 304 10% PL 413 3% 10% DK 698 3% FR 5 352 23% NL 426 3% GB 2 992 24% AT 817 3%

SE 480 4% BE 1 098 5% ES 790 6% ES 1 429 6% FR 2 088 16% GB 4 581 19% CZ 870 7%

IT 2 803 12%

IT 1 458 11% DE 3 407 14% DE 1 613 13%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data B.3 – Origin and circulation of films

30% if all films found on TVOD are of EU origin, 26% on SVOD US titles made up 55% of films on TVOD and 49% on SVOD Films from other regions had a much larger share on SVOD with 23% than on TVOD with 13% For both business models, national services offered more EU films than multi-country services In the 32 national TVOD catalogues, EU films represented 50% of all films, on national SVOD services their share was 52% US films on national services represented less than 40% of all films and films from other regions 11% for both type of services EU films on multi-country services made up 27% of all films on TVOD and 23% on SVOD US films accounted for the lion share with 53% on multi-country TVOD services and 51% on SVOD Films of other regions accounted for 13% on TVOD and 24% on SVOD

On average, an EU film title was available in in 3,2 countries on TVOD and 2,6 countries on SVOD This circulation compares to 5,3 countries for US titles on TVOD and 3,8 countries on SVOD On services, the circulation of EU titles was 7,1 TVOD services on average and 2,9 SVOD services on average compared to 12,5 TVOD services and 4,3 SVOD services for US titles 30% of all films on TVOD and 26% on SVOD are of EU origin

In terms of availability, EU films represented 30% in all TVOD catalogues and 26% in SVOD catalogues US films had a higher share in TVOD catalogues with 55% of all films and 49% in SVOD catalogues Films of other regions were better represented in SVOD catalogues with 23% compared to 13% in TVOD catalogues

Origin of films in 146 TVOD catalogues Origin of films in 136 SVOD catalogues

Other regions 73 546 Other regions 13% 32 174 EU 28 EU 28 23% 37 477 170 446 26% 30%

569 860 films 142 309 films

EUR OBS 2 604 2% US EUR OBS 314 557 11 311 55% 2%

US 70 054 49%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data On TVOD, 7 664 films have not been identified (1,8% of all films), on SVOD the number of unidentified films was 6 680 or 3,8% of all films. They have been excluded for the analysis. National services are more EU film centric…

National services, be it TVOD or SVOD services, had a high share of EU films with 50% and 52% of all films and an almost equal share of US films with respectively 37% and 35%. Both types of national services had also the same share of films of other regions with 11% and of EUR OBS countries with 2%.

Origin of films in 32 national TVOD catalogues Origin of films in 27 national SVOD catalogues

Other regions Other regions 9 034 1 780 11% 11%

83 634 films EU 28 16 738 films EU 28 41 694 US 8 648 50% US 5 902 52% 31 177 35% 37%

EUR OBS EUR OBS 1 729 408 2% 2% Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data While multi-country services rely more on US films

Multi-country services, both for TVOD and SVOD, had a share of US films above 50% EU films on the other hand represented 27% of all films on TVOD and 23% on SVOD SVOD catalogues had a relatively high share of films of other regions with 24%, compared to TVOD’s 13%

Origin of films in 114 multi-country TVOD catalogues Origin of films in 109 multi-country SVOD catalogues

Other regions 64 512 Other regions EU 28 13% EU 28 30 394 28 829 128 752 24% 23% 27%

EUR OBS 2 196 125 571 films 2% 486 226 films EUR OBS 9 582 2%

US US 283 380 64 152 58% 51%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Lower percentages of EU films is explained by circulation – in 28 EU countries

The lower share of EU films in total compared to their share of unique films (30% of all films on TVOD compared to 40% of all titles; 26% of all films on SVOD compared to 35% of all titles) is explained by their lower circulation in countries, with an average of 3,2 countries on TVOD and 2,6 on SVOD US and films of other regions travel the best, crossing borders more easily than EU films TVOD – Average circulation of titles in countries by region of origin SVOD – Average circulation of titles in countries by region of 5,3 origin 4,7 4,1 4,2 3,8 3,4 3,2 2,6

EU 28 EUR OBS US Other regions EU 28 EUR OBS US Other regions

All VOD services – Average circulation of titles in countries by region of origin 5,8 5,0 5,1

3,5

US Other regions EU 28 EUR OBS Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data And this also true when looking at services circulation for EU films

On average, EU films are present in 7,1 TVOD catalogues and 2,9 SVOD catalogues, less than films of all other regions US films circulated the best also on services

TVOD – Average circulation of titles on services by region SVOD – Average circulation of titles on services by region of origin of origin 4,3 4,3 12,5 3,7

8,6 2,9 7,1 7,0

EU 28 EUR OBS US Other regions EU 28 EUR OBS US Other regions

All VOD services – Average circulation of titles on services by region of origin

13,7

9,3 7,7 8,1

EU 28 EUR OBS US Other regions Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data B.4 – Focus on services’ core business and ownership

Services owned by tech and pure VOD players have the highest number of films in their catalogues 73% of all films found on TVOD are on services owned by tech companies (Apple, ) and 67% of all films found on SVOD are on services owned by pure VOD players () and tech players (Amazon)

The origin of films in catalogues varies by the core business of service owner On TVOD and SVOD, business owned by telecom players and film distributors have the largest share of EU films in their catalogues, while the lowest share is found in the catalogues of tech and pure VOD players

Services owned by EU players have the highest share of EU films while services owned by global players offer the largest number of films With almost 3 times more films, global players have a larger film offering than EU players Therefore, in absolute numbers, more EU films are available on services owned by global players than EU players Services owned by tech players have the highest number of films in their catalogues

Tech and pure VOD players such as Netflix have the highest number of films in their catalogues

TVOD – Number of films by core business of service owner SVOD – Number of films by core business of service owner Film Institute 1 276 1% Distributor 4 033 3% Distributor 28 792 5%

Telecom 26 569 4% TV 44 255 8% Pure VOD player 55 538 10% TV 32 109 23%

Pure VOD player 50 100 Telecom 8 541 6% 35%

Tech 414 706 Tech 46 250 32% 73%

Number of TVOD Average number Number of Average number Core business catalogues of films/catalogue SVOD catalogues of films/catalogue Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Distributor 16 1 800 24 168 Film Institute 0 1 1 276 Pure VOD player 39 1 424 42 1 193 Tech 73 10 633 18 2 569 Telecom 7 3 796 11 776 TV 11 6 322 40 803 Sharp differences in the composition of catalogues by core business of service owners Services owned by film distributors and telecom players had the highest share of EU films Tech players offered the smallest share of EU films The highest share of US films were found on SVOD services operated by broadcasters on SVOD and tech players on TVOD

TVOD – Share of films by core business of service owner SVOD – Share of films by core business of service owner

100% 10% 8% 8% 12% 13% 11% 14% 90% 19% 16% 28% 31% 80% 18% 21% 31% 70% 41% 47% 49% 4% 2% 57% 60% 44% 60% 5% 50% 2% 47% 50% 1% 40% 2% 3% 2% 30% 61% 64% 52% 2% 2% 46% 44% 20% 39% 35% 1% 33% 26% 23% 10% 18%

0% Distributor Pure VOD player Tech Telecom TV Distributor Film Institute Pure VOD player Tech Telecom TV

EU 28 EUR OBS US Other regions EU 28 EUR OBS US Other regions

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Higher share of EU films for EU owned services…

The share of EU films in the catalogues of EU owned services is higher, with 42% on TVOD and 47% on SVOD while global services have a share of EU films of 26% on TVOD and 20% on SVOD

TVOD – Share of films by origin of service owner SVOD – Share of films by origin of service owner

100% 100% 10% 14% 13% 90% 90% 27% 80% 80%

70% 70% 41% 42% 60% 60% 60% 50% 50% 3% 52% 3% 40% 40%

30% 30% 2% 47% 20% 42% 20% 2% 26% 10% 10% 20%

0% 0% EU services Global services EU services Global services

EU EUR OBS US Other regions EU EUR OBS US Other regions

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data

Origin of service Number of TVOD Average number of Number of SVOD Average number owner catalogues films/catalogue catalogues of films/catalogue

EU 72 2 123 73 461 Global 74 5 636 63 1 725 But the total offer of EU films is higher for global services

From an absolute numbers point of view, global services offer more films and thus also more EU films than EU owned services

TVOD – Number of films by origin of service owner SVOD – Number of films by origin of service owner

108 674 films 417 035 films

52 329 28 896

152 825 films 250 901 56 425 33 635 films

21 217 3 278 7 150 63 656 13 629 1 725 4 161 879 106 655 21 628 63 791 15 849

EU owned services Global services EU owned services Global services

EU 28 EUR OBS US Other regions EU 28 EUR OBS US Other regions

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data B.5– Composition of catalogues by national and EU non-national films

On TVOD, 29% of all EU films were of national origin, 22% on SVOD services

EU non-national are the main source of EU films for both type of services Both on TVOD and SVOD, national services had a much higher share of national films than multi-country services which relied more on EU non-national films for their EU film offering

With a share of 39% of national films of EU films on TVOD and 38% on SVOD, national services had a higher share of national film offering For multi-country services, national films represented 26% of all EU films on TVOD and 17% on SVOD What is the split between EU non-national and national films?

On TVOD, national films have a slightly higher share than EU non-national films compared to SVOD, as TVOD services aim is to sell films and could therefore have a higher national film offering For both business models, EU non-national films represent the main source for EU films with over 70% of all EU films

TVOD - Split of national and EU non-national films SVOD - Split of national and EU non-national films

National National 8 329 50 175 22% 29%

170 446 EU films 37 477 EU films

EU non-national 120 271 71% EU non-national 29 148 78%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Differences between multi-country and national catalogues

On TVOD, national services have a higher share than multi-country services of national films in their EU film offering On the other had, multi-country services offered more EU films and thus also national films EU non-national is the main source of EU films for both national and multi-country services

TVOD multi-country services - Split of national and EU TVOD national services - Split of national and EU non-national films non-national films

National 33 765 26% National 16 410 39% 128 752 EU films 41 694 EU films

EU non-national 25 284 EU non-national 61% 94 987 74%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data What is the split between EU non-national and national films? On SVOD, national services have a higher share than multi-country services of national films in their EU film offering As on TVOD, multi-country services offered more EU films and thus also national films EU non-national is the main source of EU films for both national and multi-country services also on SVOD

SVOD multi-country services - Split of national and EU non-national films SVOD national services - Split of national and EU non-national films

National 5 043 17% National 3 286 38% 28 829 EU films 8 648 EU films

EU non-national EU non-national 5 362 23 786 62% 83%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data B.6– Focus on the export of EU films in the EU on TVOD and SVOD

Only EU non-national films are considered Export of EU films – national market does not enter into consideration

British films are the most exported films on TVOD and SVOD, making respectively up 32% and 29% of all exported EU films French films are ranking second with 20% of all exported films on TVOD and 19% on SVOD And German films were third for both business models (14% on TVOD and 13% on SVOD), and on both national and multi-country services EU-5 films represent 78% of all EU film exports on TVOD and 76% on SVOD

French films were the most exported films on national services, on TVOD and on SVOD With 24% of all exported EU films in national TVOD and SVOD catalogues, French films were the first source of imported films on national services In multi-country catalogues, British films were by far the main source of imported films with 34% on TVOD (and French films were second with 19%) and 33% on SVOD (and French films second with 19%) Which EU countries export the most films on TVOD?

British films dominate the export of EU films on TVOD services with 32%. Without surprise, EU-5 films take the first five places in the top exporting film producing countries Danish, Swedish, Belgian, Austrian and Irish films complete the top 10 export countries list

TVOD – Number of EU films exported outside of their national market by country of origin

DK 3 436 3% IT 7 987 ES 6 367 SE 3 305 3% 7% 5% GR 425 0% BE 3 225 3% BG 523 PT 396 0% AT 3 018 3% 0% RO 864 1% LU 270 0% DE 17 286 14% IE 2 704 2% EE 187 0% LV 163 NL 2 584 2% 0% LT 143 HU 908 1% 0% Other 17 EU countries 8 146 7% HR 12 SI 142 8 0% FR 24 057 20% CZ 1 193 1% 0%SK 116 0% PL 1 348 1% MT 29 0% CY 22 0% FI 1 289 1% GB 38 156 32%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Heavy reliance on GB films by multi-country TVOD services

While British films represent more than 1/3 of all EU exported films in multi-country TVOD catalogues, French and British films are more equally represented in national catalogues For films of other EU countries, the proportions are comparable when it comes to their export

Export of EU films in 114 multi-country TVOD catalogues Export of EU films in 32 national TVOD catalogues

Other 18 EU countries 8 730 Other 17 EU countries 1 974 9% 8% NL 489 2% IE 2 241 2% SE 631 2% AT 2 311 2% DK 695 3% BE 2 364 3% AT 707 3% SE 2 674 3% FR 6 051 24% BE 861 3% DK 2 741 3% GB 32 112 34%

ES 1 461 6% ES 4 906 5%

IT 1 918 7% IT 6 069 6% GB 6 044 24%

DE 12 833 14% FR 18 006 19% DE 4 453 18%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data And how many unique film titles are exported and present on average on services?

British titles circulate the best on services with an average of 10,9 services and have the highest number of exported film titles Spanish titles are the second best circulating titles from EU-5 when they are exported Titles from smaller film producing like Bulgaria, Ireland or Denmark can have also a high service circulation for a smaller number of titles 12 TVOD – Number of unique EU films exported outside of their country of origin and average service presence BG 48 10,9 GB 3 490 10,9

10 MT 3 9,7 IE 289 9,4 DK 407 8,4 LT 17 8,4 ES 748 8,5 HU 110 8,3 8 RO 106 8,2 FI 171 7,5 NL 384 6,7 FR 3 281 7,3 LV 23 7,1 SE 491 6,7 EE 28 6,7 PL 201 6,7 6 GR 71 6,0 BE 529 6,1 SI 24 5,9 CY 4 5,5 IT 1 461 5,5 DE 3 315 5,2 LU 55 4,9 AT 625 4,8 HR 26 4,9 4 PT 101 3,9 CZ 311 3,8 SK 35 3,3 Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, 2 EUROVOD catalogue data

0 - 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 Top 20 EU film titles exported on TVOD services

British film titles represented 13 out of the 20 top film titles 4 French titles, and respectively one German, Spanish and Irish titles completed the top list The median production year was 2010 for the titles of the top 20 list Only 3 titles were less than 2 years old

Top 20 EU exported film titles in 146 TVOD catalogues Original title Production country Year of productionNumber of catalogues Number of countries The Danish Girl GB,US,BE,DK,DE 2015 90 17 Notting Hill GB,US 1999 88 17 Snatch GB,US 2000 86 17 Johnny English Strikes Again GB,US,FR 2018 86 17 Lucy FR 2014 84 19 Hitman FR, US 2007 84 17 Astérix aux jeux olympiques FR,DE,ES,IT 2008 83 15 The Shining GB,US 1980 82 17 Mary Magdalene GB 2018 81 17 28 Weeks Later GB,ES 2007 81 17 About Time GB 2013 81 17 Das Tagebuch der Anne Frank DE 2016 79 16 The Full Monty GB 1997 78 17 The Lobster IE,FR,GB,NL,GR 2015 78 19 Bridget Jones's Diary GB,US 2001 77 16 Tadeo Jones 2: El secreto del Rey MidasES 2017 74 17 Taken 2 FR 2012 74 16 The Last King of Scotland GB,DE 2006 74 17 Paddington 2 GB,FR 2017 74 17 Sunshine GB,US,BE,DK,DE 2007 74 17

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Which EU countries export the most on SVOD?

British films also dominate the export of EU films on SVOD services with 29%. EU-5 films take the first five places in the top exporting film producing countries, with 76% of all exported films Swedish, Czech, Danish, Dutch and Irish films complete the top 10 export countries list

SVOD – Number of EU films exported outside of their national market by country of origin

SE 1 085 4% IT 2 087 CZ 1 011 3% 7% PT 83 0% ES 2 311 8% DK 821 3% GR 74 0% SK 86 NL 774 3% 0% EE 64 0% BG 139 IE 587 2% 0% HR 61 0% AT 505 2% LV 53 0% DE 3 700 13% BE 504 2% SI 44 0% HU 193 1% LU 34 0% Other 16 EU countries 1 656 6% LT 28 0% RO 200 1% CY 9 0% FR 5 587 19% MT 2 0% FI 309 1%

GB 8 520 29% PL 277 1%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data Comparable proportions of films on SVOD as on TVOD for multi-country and national services

While British films represent 1/3 of all EU exported films in multi-country SVOD catalogues, French and British films are more equally represented in national catalogues, the same as it was the case on TVOD For films of other EU countries, the proportions are comparable when it comes to their export

Export of EU films in 109 multi-country SVOD catalogues Export of EU films in 27 national SVOD catalogues

Other 16 EU countries Other 16 EU countries 1 8 441 7% CZ 1 564 1% IE 551 2% 732 6% AT 2 666 2% NL 583 2% IE 2 740 2% CZ 640 2% BE 2 769 2% SE 777 2% AT 857 3% NL 2 775 2%

DK 896 3% FR 7 331 24% DK 3 361 3% GB 39 644 33% BE 960 3% SE 3 613 3%

ES 1 728 6% ES 6 950 6%

IT 2 252 7% IT 7 822 7% GB 7 032 23%

FR 22 313 19% DE 15 679 13% DE 5 307 17%

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data And how many unique film titles are exported and present on average on services? Spanish titles circulated the best, even with a lower number of titles, followed by British titles Titles from smaller film producing like Bulgaria, Ireland or Belgium can have also a high service circulation for a smaller number of titles Heavy exporters such as France and Germany have a lower circulation than many other countries but with much more titles exported 5 SVOD – Number of unique EU films exported outside of their country of origin and average service presence ES 491 4,7 GB 1 896 4,5 5

4 BG 35 4,0

IE 174 3,4 4 HR 18 3,4

LV 16 3,3 FR 1 849 3,0 BE 151 3,3 3 EE 21 3,0 SI 15 2,9 FI 111 2,8 RO 73 2,7 DK 292 2,8 LU 13 2,6 SE 415 2,6 IT 789 2,6 DE 1 428 2,6 3 HU 75 2,6 NL 300 2,6 PT 38 2,2 AT 216 2,3 CY 4 2,3 LT 13 2,2 2 PL 135 2,1 GR 37 2,0 SK 43 2,0 CZ 617 1,6 2 Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La 1 MT 2 1,0 Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data

1

0 - 200 400 600 800 1 000 1 200 1 400 1 600 1 800 2 000 Top 20 EU film titles exported on SVOD services

British film titles represented 15 out of the 20 top film titles which were present on the most SVOD catalogues The rest of the top list is made up by 2 Bulgarian titles, 2 French and 1 German title The median production year for the top 20 titles was 2007

Top 20 EU exported film titles in 136 SVOD catalogues Original title Production country Year of production Number of catalogues Number of countries Fuzz GB 2007 31 15 Astérix aux jeux olympiques FR,DE,ES,IT 2008 31 16 Shaun of the Dead GB,FR 2004 28 17 10 x 10 GB 2018 28 18 Layer Cake GB 2004 27 16 Liebe mich! DE 2014 25 18 Bridget Jones's Diary GB,US 2001 25 16 Snatch GB,US 2000 25 17 The Gruffalo's Child GB,DE 2011 25 16 Acts of Vengeance BG 2017 24 16 Mr. Bean's Holiday GB,FR,DE,US 2007 24 14 About Time GB 2013 23 16 Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason GB,US,FR,DE,IE 2004 23 15 Johnny English GB,US 2003 22 16 Bullet Head BG,US 2017 22 17 The Gruffalo GB,DE 2009 21 16 Love Actually GB,US 2003 21 16 Slumdog Millionaire GB 2008 20 13 Notting Hill GB,US 1999 20 16 Bienvenue à Marly-Gomont FR 2016 19 16

Source: JustWatch, Ampere, Filmtoro, La Pantalla Digital, EUROVOD catalogue data C – TV CONTENTS ON VOD

TV content in VOD catalogues in the EU Overview of 53 TVOD catalogues and 118 SVOD catalogues C.1 – Size of TV content catalogues

TV content is analysed under 3 dimensions: number of cumulated titles, seasons & episodes are shown separately

TVOD catalogues are bigger than SVOD catalogues in average number of titles, seasons and episodes The differences in size are more flagrant when counting in episodes (TVOD 85% bigger than SVOD)

SVOD catalogues are bigger than TVOD catalogues in median number of titles and seasons, but not in episodes

Multi-country TVOD services are the biggest, but national TVOD services are also almost as big as Multi-country SVOD services in average number of titles, seasons and episodes National SVOD services are smaller, with proportionally even less seasons and episodes

55% of all catalogues have less than 250 titles, 500 seasons, 7 000 episodes in median numbers National services have less titles, seasons and episodes than multi-country services (50% less for TVOD, 60% less for SVOD) in median numbers

Biggest catalogues in maximum number of contents are found on multi-country TVOD for titles (3 989), seasons (8 792) and episodes (141 461) Maximum titles, seasons and episodes is equivalent for Multi-country SVOD and national TVOD

Huge variances in size reflect TVOD dominance in TV contents offer TVOD services offer more titles, seasons and proportionally even more episodes to their customers SVOD national services fail to provide equivalent offer of titles, seasons and episodes Size of TV content catalogues in average and median Titles, Seasons and Episodes On average, TVOD catalogues are bigger than SVOD catalogues in titles, seasons and episodes In SVOD, titles represent 75% of TVOD size, seasons 60% and episodes only 55% of TVOD size The median TVOD and SVOD catalogues shows that SVOD is bigger in titles and seasons

Average and Median size of TV content catalogues by business model, in number of titles, seasons and episodes

Titles Seasons Episodes

546 1 280 19 858

405

774 10 855

221 468 6 570 167 6 137 350

Average number of Median number of Average number of Median number of Average number of Median number of titles titles seasons seasons episodes episodes

Source: JustWatch catalogue data Average size of TV content catalogues by multi-country and national services Multi-country TVOD services are the biggest, in average number of titles, seasons and episodes TVOD dominance: National TVOD services are almost as big as multi-country SVOD services National SVOD services are smaller, with proportionally even less seasons and episodes

Average size of TV content catalogues by business model and multi-country vs. national, in number of titles, seasons and episodes

Titles Seasons Episodes

22 918

1 447

621

12 117 453 868 10 443 764 317

4 279 157 281

Source: JustWatch catalogue data Median size of TV content catalogues by multi-country and national services

55% of all catalogues have less than 250 titles, 500 seasons, 7 000 episodes SVOD stronger in titles, TVOD bigger in episodes; both comparable in seasons National services have around 50% less titles, seasons and episodes than multi-country services

Median size of TV content catalogues by business model and multi-country vs. national, in number of titles, seasons and episodes

Titles Seasons Episodes

7 781

6 887

503 511

261 290 177 2 677 215 2 467 136 108

Source: JustWatch catalogue data Important disparities in the number of TV titles for TVOD and SVOD services

TVOD multi-country is 2,5x and TVOD national is 3,3x bigger in titles than SVOD equivalents Biggest national TVOD service has almost the same size in titles as biggest multi-country SVOD Biggest national SVOD catalogue is 91% smaller in titles than biggest multi-country TVOD

Maximum number of TV titles in catalogue by business model Minimum number of TV titles in catalogue by business model

3 989

1 581 31 29 1 234

375

1 1

Source: JustWatch catalogue data Important disparities in the number of TV seasons for TVOD and SVOD services

TVOD multi-country is 2,7x bigger and TVOD national is 4x bigger in seasons than SVOD equivalents Biggest national TVOD catalogue is equivalent in seasons to biggest multi-country SVOD catalogue Biggest national SVOD catalogue is 92% smaller in seasons than biggest multi-country TVOD

Maximum number of TV seasons in catalogue by business model Minimum number of TV seasons in catalogue by business model

8 792

37 35 3 195 3 101

750 1 1

Source: JustWatch catalogue data Important disparities in the number of TV episodes for TVOD and SVOD services

TVOD multi-country is 3x bigger and TVOD national is 3,4x bigger in episodes than SVOD equivalents Biggest national TVOD catalogue is equivalent in episodes to biggest multi-country SVOD catalogue Biggest national SVOD catalogue is 91% smaller in episodes than biggest multi-country TVOD

Maximum number of TV episodes in catalogue by business model Minimum number of TV episodes in catalogue by business model

338 141 461

219

46 266 44 892

13 335 26 7

Source: JustWatch catalogue data C.2 – Unique TV contents available in VOD catalogues

TV content is analysed in number of unique titles

By region of origin, EU 28 leads in number of unique TV titles on VOD in Europe (41% of titles) US provides 37% of unique titles on VOD in Europe 21% of unique titles come from Other regions

Almost half (48%) of the European unique titles available on VOD come from the United Kingdom Followed by Germany (one fifth of unique European titles) and France (11%)

The five countries with higher production capacity (the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Spain and Italy) provide the majority of European unique titles (87%) on VOD in Europe

TVOD: EU 28 origin (43%) and US origin (42%) equally provide the majority of unique titles The United Kingdom (53%) and Germany (24%) are the main providers of European unique titles on TVOD With France, the three countries provide 90% of unique European titles on TVOD catalogues

SVOD: European origin leads; unique titles from Other regions represent 25% of the offer Other region’s principal origin being: Japan (animation, youth), Canada (animation, fiction), South Korea (fiction, animation) and Australia (fiction, documentary, animation) European unique titles on SVOD come mainly from the UK (44%), Germany, Spain and France Smaller production capacity countries (NL, BE, Nordics) are providers of many unique titles on SVOD Unique TV titles available in all VOD catalogues: European and UK origin EU leads in number of unique TV content titles in VOD in Europe by region of origin Almost half of the EU TV titles offer is of UK origin and DE provides another fifth Almost 90% of unique EU TV titles come from the five main production countries

Origin of unique TV titles in VOD catalogues by region of origin Origin of unique EU TV titles in VOD catalogues by country of origin

PL 49 1% DK 48 1% 13 other countries AT 52 1% 132 3% BE 93 2% Other regions SE 94 2% 2 042 NL 96 3% 21% IT 101 3%

EU 28 3 959 41% ES 240 6% 9 732 unique titles GB 1 896 48%

FR 413 11%

US 3 596 37% DE 753 19% EUR Obs 135 1%

928 unique TV titles could not be identified and have been excluded from the analysis. They represent 8,8% of total TV titles. Source: JustWatch catalogue data Similar choice of unique TV titles on TVOD and SVOD EU leads in number of TV titles both on TVOD (over two fifths) and on SVOD TV titles from other regions represent one in four titles on SVOD

Origin of unique TV titles in TVOD catalogues Origin of unique TV titles in SVOD catalogues

Other regions 868 Other regions 14% 1 669 25%

EU 28 2 585 EU 28 38% 2 731 6 328 unique TV titles 43% 6 705 unique TV titles

US 2 679 42% US 2 330 35% EUR Obs EUR Obs 121 50 2% 1% Source: JustWatch catalogue data

On TVOD, 536 TV titles have not been identified (7,9% of all titles), on SVOD the number of unidentified titles was 559 (or 7,7% of all titles). They have been excluded for the analysis. Dominance of English & German TV titles on TVOD, more distributed on SVOD European TV titles from the UK and Germany are the majority on TVOD (77% of all titles) 90% of EU TV titles on TVOD come from 3 countries: the United Kingdom, Germany and France SVOD is more spread, with smaller production countries providing numerous TV titles

Origin of unique EU TV titles in TVOD catalogues Origin of unique EU TV titles in SVOD catalogues

IE 22 1% DK 26 1% BE 20 1% 13 other countries 90 DK 37 1% 3% 11 other countries 48 ES 28 1% PL 44 2% SE 45 1% 2% FI 44 2% IT 51 2% IT 80 3% AT 52 2% SE 82 3%

BE 87 3%

FR 347 12% NL 90 4%

GB 1133 44% FR 208 8% GB 1 445 53%

ES 236 9% DE 654 24%

DE 455 18%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data C.3 – Origin and circulation of cumulated TV contents

TV content is analysed in cumulated number of titles, seasons and episodes

In total number of titles, seasons and episodes, there are more US TV contents than any other origin on VOD, followed by EU 28 on TVOD and by Other regions on SVOD TVOD: 37% of EU 28 titles represent 31% of seasons and only 25% of episodes SVOD: less European titles and episodes than from Other regions (mainly Asian animation)

Predominance of European titles on national VOD services: 51% on TVOD and 48% on SVOD On national TVOD services, US provides 41% of titles but 50% of seasons and 58% of episodes On national SVOD services, 18% of titles from Other regions reach 24% of total episodes

While multi-country services rely heavily on US TV contents (68% of episodes on TVOD, 57% on SVOD) On multi-country TVOD services, 35% of European titles represent only 24% of total episodes On multi-country SVOD services, more titles from Other regions than from Europe; up to 2% of EUR Obs (weight of Russian, Norwegian titles and of Turkish episodes on Netflix catalogues)

Lower shares of EU TV contents explained by circulation… in less European countries SVOD is fueling circulation of US, ‘Other regions’ and EUR Obs TV contents in Europe

And also, by circulation on fewer services… In All VOD in Europe, it is US TV contents that are found on average in a greater number of services Beyond US dominance, more EU 28 TV contents on TVOD, more Asian on SVOD On TVOD, 37% of EU 28 titles represent 31% of seasons and only 25% of episodes On SVOD, less titles and episodes from EU 28 than from Other regions’ (28% of titles), mainly Asian US TV contents dominate in titles, seasons and episodes everywhere in VOD

Origin of TV contents in 53 TVOD catalogues Origin of TV contents in 118 SVOD catalogues

Titles 2 281 8% Seasons 4 244 Titles Titles 6% 12 754 Seasons 12 355 18 176 Seasons 27% Episodes 28% Seasons 21% 22 318 82 733 Titles Episodes 20 396 25% 8% Episodes 10 382 Episodes 248 562 31% 263 681 37% 298 392 20% 25% 23% Episodes 21 046 28 733 titles 47 798 titles 2% 67 818 seasons 91 287 seasons 1 052 476 episodes Episodes 1 280 899 episodes 4 373 Seasons 1% 1 239 1% Episodes Seasons 692 301 Episodes Titles Seasons 307 66% 696 228 839 Titles 41 580 0% 55% 2% 15 041 63% 54% Titles Seasons 193 47 408 1% 53% Titles 19 988 43%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data National services have more EU titles, TVOD more US seasons and episodes Predominance of EU titles on national services: TVOD (51%) and SVOD (48%) US TV contents on TVOD represent 41% of titles but 50% of seasons and 58% of episodes TV contents from Other regions on national SVOD represent 24% of episodes

Origin of TV contents in 13 national TVOD catalogues Origin of TV contents in 19 national SVOD catalogues

Titles 290 7% Titles 508 Seasons 18% 549 Seasons 6% 652 12% Episodes 8 123 6% Episodes 19 648 Episodes 24% 47 762 Seasons 4 261 Titles 4 126 titles 35% 2 986 titles Episodes 43% 36 637 Seasons 1 367 Titles 9 929 seasons 5 342 seasons 46% 2 598 48% 2 075 Titles 135 755 episodes 81 307 episodes 50% 51% 1 633 Seasons Seasons 41% Episodes 4 950 1 905 78 639 Episodes 50% 37% 58% 23 260 29% Titles Seasons 961 55 33% 1% Seasons 49 Episodes Episodes 1% 673 695 Titles 1% 1% Titles 29 39 1% 1%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data While multi-country services rely heavily on US TV contents One third of TV titles on TVOD are from EU 28, but represent only 24% of episodes On SVOD, 26% of EU titles show only 18% of episodes: European series have fewer episodes On SVOD almost one third of titles are from Other regions and 2% from EUR Obs (TR, RU, NO)

Origin of TV contents in 40 multi-country TVOD catalogues Origin of TV contents in 99 multi-country SVOD catalogues

Titles 1 991 8%

Seasons Titles 3 695 Titles 10 988 7% Seasons 12 246 Seasons 26% 17 524 28% 19 720 Episodes Seasons Titles 21% 74 610 16 135 8 307 Episodes 24% Episodes Episodes 8% 28% 35% 211 925 Episodes 215 919 278 744 18% 20 351 24% 23% 2%

24 835 titles 44 812 titles Seasons 57 889 seasons 85 945 seasons 1 190 916 721 episodes 1 199 592 episodes 1% Episodes 3 700 0% Titles 810 Episodes 2% Seasons 613 662 Episodes 252 Seasons 68% 672 968 0% 57% Titles 36 630 13 408 65% Seasons 56% Titles 45 503 154 54% 1% Titles 19 027 44%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data Lower shares of EU TV contents explained by circulation… in less European countries SVOD is fuelling circulation of US, ‘Other regions’ and EUR Obs TV contents in Europe On TVOD and SVOD, it is US TV contents that are found in the largest average number of countries TVOD – Average circulation of titles on countries by region of origin SVOD – Average circulation of titles on countries by region of origin

7,5 7,2 6,1

4,0 2,3 1,9 2,0 1,6

EU 28 EUR Obs US Other regions EU 28 EUR Obs US Other regions

All VOD services – Average circulation of titles on countries by region of origin

6,2 5,9 5,9

3,4

Source: JustWatch catalogue data

EU 28 EUR Obs US Other regions And also, by circulation on fewer services… Although SVOD brings ‘Other regions’ and EUR Obs TV contents to numerous services, US dominates In All VOD in Europe, it is US TV contents that are found on average in a greater number of services

TVOD – Average circulation of titles on services by region of origin SVOD – Average circulation of titles on services by region of origin

8,6 7,6 6,9 5,6

4,8 3,8 3,9 2,6

EU 28 EUR Obs US Other regions EU 28 EUR Obs US Other regions

All VOD services – Average circulation of titles on services by region of origin

9,7

7,6 7,4

5,7

Source: JustWatch catalogue data

EU 28 EUR Obs US Other regions C.4 – Focus on services’ core business and ownership Services owned by tech (on TVOD) and pure VOD players (on SVOD) have the highest number of TV titles in their catalogues 81% of all TV titles found on TVOD are on services owned by tech companies (Apple, Microsoft) and 72% of all TV titles found on SVOD are either on services owned by pure VOD players (Netflix) or tech players (Amazon)

The origin of TV titles in catalogues varies by the core business of service owner Distributor services on SVOD, TV and Telecom services on TVOD have almost 50% of EU contents Pure VOD players: majority of US contents on TVOD (73%); one third of Other origin contents on SVOD (more than EU)

Services owned by EU players have the highest share of EU TV titles while services owned by global players offer overall, the largest number of TV titles With 7 times more TV titles on SVOD than EU services and almost 5 times more TV titles on TVOD, global players have a larger film offering than EU players Tech players on TVOD, Pure VOD players on SVOD have the highest number of TV titles in their catalogues

Tech and pure VOD players (Amazon, Netflix, iTunes) have the highest number of titles in their catalogues

TVOD – Number of TV Titles by core business of service owner SVOD – Number of TV Titles by core business of service owner Distributor Distributor Pure VOD player 176 0; 0% 842 1% 3% Telecom TV 1 003 3 397 4% 12% TV 10 660 23%

Telecom 1 965 4% Pure VOD player 24 724 54% Tech 8 411 18% Tech 22 655 81%

Number of TVOD Average number of Number of SVOD Average number of Core business catalogues TV titles/catalogue catalogues TV titles/catalogue2 Source: JustWatch catalogue data Distributor 0 2 88 Pure VOD player 7 120 32 773 Tech 33 687 24 350 Telecom 6 167 10 197 TV 7 485 50 213 Sharp differences in the composition of catalogues by core business of service owners Pure VOD players: TVOD majority of US contents; SVOD one third of Other origin contents (more than EU) Distributor SVOD services, TV TVOD and Telecom TVOD have almost 50% of European contents

TVOD – Share of TV titles by core business and region SVOD – Share of TV titles by core business and region

100% 2% 4% 8% 7% 9% 10% 90% 17% 27% 80% 36%

70% 47% 41% 30% 53% 47% 60% 73% 57%

50% 1% 2% 1% 42% 38% 40% 1% 1% 30% 1% 1% 0% 47% 48% 49% 2% 20% 34% 37% 30% 24% 10% 23% 21%

0% Pure VOD player Tech Telecom TV Distributor Pure VOD player Tech Telecom TV

EU 28 EUR Obs US Other region EU 28 EUR Obs US Other region

Source: JustWatch catalogue data Higher share of EU TV contents for EU owned services…

The share of EU titles in the catalogues of EU owned services is similar in TVOD (45%) and SVOD (43%) On global SVOD services we find the highest share of Other origin TV contents (30%)

TVOD – Share of TV titles by origin of service owner SVOD – Share of TV titles by origin of service owner

6% 9% 11%

30%

48% 44% 55%

43% 1% 2% 1%

2% 45% 43% 36% 25%

EU services Global services EU services Global services

EU 28 EUR Obs US Other origin EU 28 EUR Obs US Other origin

Source: JustWatch catalogue data

Origin of service Number of TVOD Average number of Number of SVOD Average number of owner catalogues TV titles/catalogue catalogues TV titles /catalogue EU 18 261 31 181 non-EU 35 663 87 464 But the total offer of EU TV contents is higher for global owned services

From an absolute numbers point of view, global services offer more TV titles and thus also more EU films than EU owned services

TVOD – Number of TV titles by origin of service owner SVOD – Number of TV titles by origin of service owner

40 328 TV titles

12 119 23 192 TV titles

1 978

17 512 12 792

4 705 TV titles 5 608 TV titles 727

303 635 8 270 9 970 2 249 2 476 2 112 2 385 EU services Global services EU services Global services

EU 28 EUR OBS US Other region EU 28 EUR OBS US Other region

Source: JustWatch catalogue data C.5 – Composition of catalogues by national and EU non-national EU TV contents

TV content is analysed in cumulated number of titles, seasons and episodes

TVOD services acquire more local content, while SVOD services build on European non-national TV contents More than half of TV titles, seasons and episodes on TVOD catalogues are of national origin On SVOD catalogues, large majority of EU non-national titles, seasons and episodes European national titles count proportionally more episodes than European non-national

Multi-country TVOD services build on local content National TV episodes represent almost three fifths of the offer in 40 multi-country TVOD services

National TVOD services rely on European TV contents from the rest of Europe rather than on national Almost two thirds of titles are of European non-national origin in 13 national TVOD services

Multi-country SVOD services offer very few local TV contents More than 80% of EU non-national titles, seasons and episodes are found on 99 multi-country SVOD services

National SVOD services have an almost 50-50 split between local and European non-national TV contents Most of 19 national SVOD services are quite small (median of 136 titles, 215 seasons and 2 677 episodes) More national TV contents on TVOD, EU non-national dominance on SVOD More than half of TV titles, seasons and episodes on 53 TVOD catalogues are of national origin On 118 SVOD catalogues, large majority of EU non-national titles, seasons and episodes EU national titles count proportionally more episodes than EU non-national

TVOD - Split of EU non-national and national TV contents SVOD - Split of EU non-national and national TV contents

Titles 2 495 20%

Seasons 5 009 22% Episodes 55 359 22%

Seasons Titles 9 640 Episodes 10 032 titles Episodes 4 952 12 355 titles Titles 20 396 seasons 119 498 47% 22 318 seasons Seasons 144 183 48% 5 430 45% 10 756 55% 263 681 episodes 248 562 episodes 52% 53%

Episodes 193 203 Seasons 78% 17 309 78%

Titles 9 860 80%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data TVOD: multi-country services build on local content; national TVOD on rest of Europe

National TV episodes represent almost three fifths of the offer in 40 multi-country TVOD services Inverse situation for 13 national TVOD services, which rely relatively less on national TV contents

TVOD multi-country services - EU non-national vs. national TV contents TVOD national services - EU non-national vs. national TV contents

Titles 853 Titles Seasons Seasons 41% Episodes 3 730 1 847 Episodes 8 307 titles 7 226 2 075 titles 93 037 45% 43% 21 301 45% 16 135 seasons 43% 45% 4 261 seasons Episodes Seasons Episodes Titles 215 919 episodes 47 762 episodes 26 461 Seasons 8 909 122 882 4 577 55% 2 414 55% 57% Titles 55% 57% 1 222 59%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data SVOD: multi-country services almost no local content; national services show 50-50 99 multi-country SVOD services rely almost solely on EU non-national to fill their TV catalogues 19 national SVOD services show a 50-50 split between national and European non-national contents

SVOD multi-country services - EU non-national vs. national TV contents SVOD national services - EU non-national vs. national TV contents

Titles 1 847 17% Seasons 3 718 19% Episodes 37 097 18%

Titles 10 988 titles 648 Seasons Episodes 1 367 titles Episodes Seasons 19 720 seasons 47% 1 291 18 262 2 598 seasons 18 375 1 307 Titles 211 925 episodes 50% 50% 36 637 episodes 50% 50% 719 53% Episodes 174 828 82%

Seasons 16 002 Titles 81% 9 141 83%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data C.6 – Focus on the Export of European TV contents in the EU on TVOD and SVOD

TV content is analysed in cumulated number of titles, seasons and episodes, focusing on European non-national

The United Kingdom is the strongest European exporter of TV contents on VOD in Europe (short high-end series) On TVOD, 48% of titles, 49% of seasons and 40% of episodes are from UK. National services more German On SVOD, 55% of titles, 58% of seasons and 48% of episodes are from UK. More German episodes on national

On TVOD, Germany is the second best European exporter of TV titles, seasons and mainly episodes (23%) On TVOD, the UK, Germany and France represent over 75% of exported titles, seasons and episodes Sweden exports more titles and seasons than Italy and Spain (the latter coming only in 9th position) Proportionally, Germany and France export more TV Episodes per title than the UK Austria comes 4th in share of exported episodes, mainly related to cultural interaction with Germany High-end series dominate Top 20 on TVOD, with 45% of UK origin and 15% from Nordics, Ireland or France On SVOD, France is the second best European exporter of TV titles, seasons and episodes (17%) On TVOD, the UK, Germany and France represent over 75% of exported titles, seasons and episodes The five European countries with higher production capacity provide 88% of exported titles Three out of five European seasons on SVOD are of UK origin: long-running classic oldies Nordics (SE, DK, FI) and smaller countries (BE, IE, NL) are also important European exporters on SVOD On 19 national SVOD services there are almost double episodes from Germany (47%) than from the UK (26%) Animation dominates Top 20 on SVOD, with 45% of UK origin, 20% from France and 15% from Nordics Excluding animation, Top 20 on SVOD marks dominance of UK origin (65%) TVOD: UK is the strongest European exporter of TV titles, Germany comes second

The majority (77%) of exported titles are from the United Kingdom, Germany or France Sweden performs better than Italy and Spain (the latter coming only in 9th position)

TVOD – Number of EU TV titles exported outside of their national market by country of origin

FR 495 10% SE 221 4% IT 176 DK 166 3% 4% BG 14 0% IE 147 3% PL 24 0%

DE 946 19% AT 118 2% HR 11 0% LU 6 0% ES 81 2% GR 5 0% BE 79 2% CZ 26 1% CY 2 0% Other 168 3% HU 2 0%

SK 2 0%

NL 42 1% FI 34 1%

GB 2 355 48%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data TVOD: UK also exports the most TV seasons, again followed by Germany, France

Almost four in five exported seasons (78%) come from the UK, Germany or France In seasons, Sweden, Denmark and Ireland perform better than Italy and Spain

TVOD – Number of EU TV seasons exported outside of their national market by country of origin

SE 366 4% FR 813 8% DK 364 4%

IE 311 3% HR 24 0% IT 286 3% BG 37 0%

DE 2 005 21% PL 24 0% AT 281 3% ES 125 1% LU 9 0%

BE 124 1% GR 5 0% CZ 38 0% Other 256 3% CY 2 0% SK 3 0%

HU 2 0%

NL 60 1% FI 52 1%

GB 4 709 49%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data TVOD: proportionally, Germany and France export more TV episodes per title The UK with 48% of titles, represents 40% of episodes (production of high-end series: 3 to 13 eps) Germany, by opposition represents 23% of episodes with 19% of titles (more soaps produced) Austria comes 4th in share of exported episodes, related to cultural closeness and DE-AT co-prods

TVOD – Number of EU TV episodes exported outside of their national market by country of origin

DK 4 424 4% LU 359 0% AT 5 944 IT 3 514 3% FR 14 432 12% CZ 341 0% 5%

IE 3 332 3%

PL 296 0% SE 3 100 3%

BG 940 1% ES 2 330 2%

BE 2 129 2% HR 241 0% DE 27 577 23%

Other 4 619 4% CY 102 0%

SK 36 0% NL 1 036 1% HU 16 0% FI 1 242 1% GR 10 0%

GB 48 097 40%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data TVOD: multi-country building on UK contents, national on DE, UK contents Export of EU Titles / Seasons / Episodes in 40 multi-country TVOD catalogues

14 other countries 317 9% 15 other countries 747 10% 14 other countries 10 096 11% IE 122 3% IT 2 793 3%

DK 126 3% IE 2 838 IE 261 3% 3% IT 134 4% SE 270 4% DK 3 438 4% SE 165 DK 280 4% 4% AT 3 GB 41 304 453 44% GB 1 966 FR 631 9% FR 390 GB 3 966 4% 10% 53% 55% FR 12 180 13% DE 1 071 DE 510 15% 14% DE 16 935 18%

Export of EU Titles / Seasons / Episodes in 13 national TVOD catalogues

12 other countries 104 8% 13 other countries 231 10% SE 685 3% 12 other countries 1 891 7% DK 84 3% DK 40 3% IT 721 3% IT 42 3% SE 96 4% DK 986 4% AT 50 4%

DE 436 36% DE 10 642 AT 144 6% DE 934 FR 2 252 40% SE 56 5% 39% 8%

FR 182 7% FR 105 9% AT 2 491 9%

GB 743 GB 389 32% GB 6 793 31% 26% Source: JustWatch catalogue data How many unique TV titles are exported and present on average on TVOD services? Bulgarian TV titles circulated the best (with only 2 TV titles), followed by Finnish, Irish and Danish titles Titles from smaller film producing countries have also a high service circulation for a small number of titles: multi-country services effect Heavy exporters such as the UK and Germany have a lower circulation than many other countries but with much more titles exported

TVOD – Number of unique EU TV titles exported outside of their country of origin and average service presence

8,0

BG; 2; 7,0 7,0 FI; 5; 6,8 IE; 22; 6,7 DK; 26; 6,4 6,0 LU; 1; 6,0

GR; 1; 5,0 5,0 SE; 45; 4,9

IT; 44; 4,0 4,0 BE; 20; 4,0 FR; 124; 4,0 HR; 3; 3,7 GB; 626; 3,8 PL; 7; 3,4 CZ; 8; 3,3 3,0 NL; 14; 3,0 ES; 28; 2,9 AT; 49; 2,4 2,0 CY; 1; 2,0 HU; 1; 2,0 DE; 603; 1,6 Source: JustWatch 1,0 SK; 2; 1,0 catalogue data

0,0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Top European TV titles exported on TVOD in Europe High-end series dominate Top 20 on TVOD, with 45% of UK origin and 15% from Nordics, IE or FR

Top 20 EU 28 non-national export TV scripted titles on TVOD, in number of catalogues and countries of availability Original title Production country Year (1) Format Number of catalogues Number of countries Rome GB,US 2005 3 to 13 25 8 Strike Back GB 2010 3 to 13 25 8 Doctor Who GB 1963 26 to 52 25 5 The Tudors IE,CA,US,GB 2007 3 to 13 23 7 Gomorra - La serie IT,DE 2014 3 to 13 21 5 Prison Break GB,US 2005 3 to 13 18 6 LEGO Ninjago: Masters of Spinjitzu DK,SG,CA,US 2011 3 to 13 17 7 Bron/Broen SE,DK,DE 2011 3 to 13 16 5 Taken FR,US 2017 3 to 13 16 5 Downton Abbey GB 2010 3 to 13 15 4 Fortitude GB 2015 3 to 13 14 7 Ennemi public BE 2016 3 to 13 14 5 Forbrydelsen DK,NO,SE,DE 2007 3 to 13 14 5 Top of the Lake GB,AU,NZ,US 2013 3 to 13 14 5 Broadchurch GB 2013 3 to 13 14 4 The Fall IE 2013 3 to 13 14 4 Vikings IE,CA 2013 3 to 26 (2) 14 4 Luther GB 2010 3 to 13 13 5 Les témoins FR,BE 2014 3 to 13 13 4 Versailles FR,CA 2015 3 to 13 13 3

(1) Production year for season 1 (2) Seasons 1 to 3, 10 episodes; seasons 4 to 6, 20 episodes Source: JustWatch catalogue data SVOD: UK is the strongest European exporter of TV titles, France comes second

The five European countries with higher production capacity provide 88% of exported titles Scandinavian (SE, DK, FI) and smaller countries (BE, IE, NL) are important exporters on SVOD

SVOD – Number of EU TV titles exported outside of their national market by country of origin

DE 857 9% ES 641 7%

IT 387 SE 260 3% FR 1 260 13% 4% CZ 34 0% DK 237 2% AT 43 0% SK 21 RO 19 0% 0%

BE 218 2% BG 13 0% CY 11 0% IE 171 2% HR 47 0% HU 11 0% Other 419 4% GR 8 0%

PL 53 1% LU 4 0%

FI 91 1%

NL 64 1% GB 5 406 55%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data SVOD: dominance of UK TV seasons, majority from 5 main production countries Three out of five European seasons on SVOD are of UK origin: long-running classic oldies The five countries with higher production capacity provide 86% of all exported seasons on SVOD

SVOD – Number of EU TV seasons exported outside of their national market by country of origin

DE 1 418 8% ES 1 019 6% IT 585 3% CZ 43 0%

FR 1 831 11% DK 537 3% PL 69 0% HU 29 0%

IE 446 3% RO 28 0% HR 78 0% SE 418 2% SK 21 0%

BE 320 2% BG 19 0%

CY 13 0% Other 684 4% AT 83 0% GR 8 0% LU 4 0%

NL 110 1% FI 179 1% GB 10 047 58%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data SVOD: UK main provider, important presence of French TV Episodes in Europe UK TV titles count proportionally less episodes per season on SVDO than French or German titles French, German and Italian TV content producers export more episodes per title

SVOD – Number of EU TV episodes exported outside of their national market by country of origin

ES 10 650 DE 18 908 10% 6% IT 9 377 DK 5 696 3% PL 508 5% CY 613 0% 0% CZ 457 HU 348 0% BE 4 854 3% 0% AT 705 0% BG 338 0% FR 33 691 17% IE 4 404 2% RO 324 0% SE 3 911 2% HR 1 050 1% LU 208 0% Other 9 114 5% SK 204 0%

PT 137 0% NL 2 010 1% FI 2 212 1%

GB 92 580 48%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data SVOD: exports on multi-country are of UK, FR, ES origin – On national, DE episodes Export of EU Titles / Seasons / Episodes in 99 multi-country SVOD catalogues

BE 197 2% 13 other countries 544 6% IE 419 3% 16 other countries 1 281 8% IE 4 123 2% 15 other countries 12 034 7% DK 221 2% DK 509 3% BE 4 268 3%

SE 237 3% IT 543 3% DK 5 411 3% IT 364 4% IT 8 621 5%

ES 636 7% DE 1 005 6% DE 10 289 6% ES 1 011 6% DE 672 7% GB 5 091 56% GB 9 545 60% ES 10 539 6% GB 87 899 50%

FR 1 689 FR 1 179 11% 13% FR 31 644 18%

Export of EU Titles / Seasons / Episodes in 19 national SVOD catalogues

10 other countries 71 10% 10 other countries 116 9% AT 546 3% 10 other countries 1 140 6% BE 21 3% BE 37 3% SE 23 3% BE 586 3% IT 42 3% IT 23 3% IT 756 4% AT 55 4%

GB 315 GB 502 38% 44% FR 2 047 11% FR 81 11% FR 142 11% DE 8 619 47%

GB 4 681 DE 185 DE 413 26% 26% 32%

Source: JustWatch catalogue data How many unique TV titles are exported and present on average on SVOD services? Spanish titles circulated the best, even with an extremely lower number of titles, followed by Cypriot and Slovak titles Titles from smaller film producing countries have also a high service circulation for a small number of titles: multi-country services effect Heavy exporters such as the UK and Germany have a lower circulation than many other countries but with much more titles exported SVOD – Number of unique EU TV titles exported outside of their country of origin and average service presence 14,0

12,0 ES; 54; 11,9

CY; 1; 11,0 SK; 2; 10,5 10,0 HR; 5; 9,4 PL; 6; 8,8 DK; 29; 8,2 8,0 GR; 1; 8,0 IE; 22; 7,8 FI; 12; 7,6 IT; 52; 7,4 BG; 2; 6,5 FR; 191; 6,6 RO; 3; 6,3 6,0 HU; 2; 5,5 GB; 1 053; 5,1 LU; 1; 4,0 BE; 51; 4,3 4,0 SE; 66; 3,9 CZ; 9; 3,8 NL; 19; 3,4 Source: DE; 359; 2,4 JustWatch 2,0 PT; 2; 2,0 catalogue data

0,0 0 200 400 600 800 1 000 1 200 Top European TV titles exported on SVOD in Europe Animation dominates Top 20 on SVOD, with 45% of UK origin, 20% from FR and 15% from Nordics

Top 20 EU 28 non-national export TV scripted titles on SVOD, in number of catalogues and countries of availability Original title Production country Year (1) Format Number of catalogues Number of countries Peppa Pig GB 2004 26 to 52 62 20 LEGO Ninjago: Masters of Spinjitzu DK,US 2011 3 to 13 52 20 Fireman Sam GB 1987 14 to 26 49 20 PJ Masks FR,GB 2015 14 to 26 44 19 Shaun the Sheep GB 2007 26 to 52 44 18 LEGO Nexo Knights DK 2015 3 to 13 42 20 Oddbods GB,SG 2016 More than 52 40 20 Wolfblood GB 2012 3 to 13 39 19 Top Boy GB 2011 3 to 13 38 19 Pocoyo ES,GB 2005 26 to 52 36 17 Angry Birds Toons FI 2013 26 to 52 35 19 Danger Mouse GB 1981 3 to 13 35 19 Grizzy et les Lemmings FR 2017 26 to 52 35 19 Molang FR 2015 26 to 52 35 19 Ben and Holly's Little Kingdom GB 2009 26 to 52 33 18 Timmy Time GB 2009 26 to 52 33 19 Tip the Mouse DE,US,IT 2014 26 to 52 32 16 Oggy et les Cafards FR,CA,PH,VN,KR,US,GB 1998 More than 52 30 19 Vikings IE,CA 2013 3 to 26 (2) 28 16 Winx Club IT 2004 26 to 52 28 19

(1) Production year for season 1 (2) Seasons 1 to 3, 10 episodes; seasons 4 to 6, 20 episodes Source: JustWatch catalogue data Top European TV titles -excluding animation- exported on SVOD in Europe Excluding animation, Top 20 on SVOD marks dominance of UK origin (65%), high-end series

Top 20 EU 28 non-national export TV scripted titles excluding animation on SVOD, in number of catalogues and Originalcountries title of availability Production country Year (1) Format Number of catalogues Number of countries Wolfblood GB 2012 3 to 13 39 19 Top Boy GB 2011 3 to 13 38 19 Vikings IE,CA 2013 3 to 26 (2) 28 16 Babylon GB 2014 3 to 13 26 17 Peaky Blinders GB 2013 3 to 13 26 19 Prison Break GB,US 2005 3 to 13 26 19 Sept nains et moi FR 2016 14 to 26 25 16 The Bletchley Circle GB 2012 3 to 13 25 18 Deutschland 83 DE 2015 3 to 13 22 16 La Trêve BE 2016 3 to 13 22 18 The IT Crowd GB 2006 3 to 13 22 19 4 Blocks DE 2017 3 to 13 21 18 Baby IT 2018 3 to 13 21 19 Gomorra - La serie IT 2014 3 to 13 21 15 GB 2012 3 to 13 21 16 Monty Python's Flying Circus GB 1969 3 to 13 21 19 Vexed GB 2010 3 to 13 21 18 Derek GB 2012 3 to 13 20 19 Derry Girls GB 2018 3 to 13 20 19 Downton Abbey GB 2010 3 to 13 20 18

(1) Production year for season 1 (2) Seasons 1 to 3, 10 episodes; seasons 4 to 6, 20 episodes Source: JustWatch catalogue data Annex Services and country catalogues included in the film and TV samples TVOD catalogues and countries in the film sample

Name of service Name of service Name of service Name of service CountryNumber of TVOD catalogues Aerovod CZ Filmin TVOD ES Microsoft Films & TV AT UniversCiné Belgium BE AT 14 Aerovod SK Filmo TV FR Microsoft Films & TV DE Videobuster AT BE 2 alles kino AT Flimmit AT Microsoft Films & TV DK Videobuster DE BG 1 alles kino DE Flimmit DE Microsoft Films & TV ES VoD.lu LU CY 1 Amazon TVOD AT Google Play Movies AT Microsoft Films & TV FI Volta IE CZ 8 Amazon TVOD DE Google Play Movies CZ Microsoft Films & TV FR YouTube Movies DE DE 15 Amazon TVOD GB Google Play Movies DE Microsoft Films & TV GB YouTube Movies FR DK 5 Atres Player ES Google Play Movies DK Microsoft Films & TV IE YouTube Movies GB EE 3 Banaxi CZ Google Play Movies EE Microsoft Films & TV IT YouTube Movies PL ES 7 Bbox VOD FR Google Play Movies FI Microsoft Films & TV NL YouTube Movies PT FI 5 Canal VOD FR Google Play Movies GB Microsoft Films & TV SE ZMONES Cinema filmai LT FR 13 Chili AT Google Play Movies IE MyTF1vod FR GB 12 Chili DE Google Play Movies IT O2TV CZ GR 1 Chili GB Google Play Movies LT Orange VOD FR HR 1 Chili IT Google Play Movies LV Pantaflix AT HU 1 Chili PL Google Play Movies NL Pantaflix DE IE 7 Cineman PL Google Play Movies PL Pantaflix FR IT 8 FilmDoo AT Google Play Movies PT Pantaflix GB LT 4 FilmDoo BE Google Play Movies SE Pathé Thuis NL LU 2 FilmDoo BG Google Play Movies SK Plejmo DK LV 3 FilmDoo CY Infinity TV IT Plejmo FI MT 1 FilmDoo CZ iTunes AT Plejmo SE NL 6 FilmDoo DE iTunes CZ Prima Videopůjčovna CZ FilmDoo DK iTunes DE Rakuten TV CZ PL 7 FilmDoo EE iTunes DK Rakuten TV IE PT 6 FilmDoo ES iTunes EE Rakuten TV NL RO 1 FilmDoo FI iTunes ES Rakuten TV PL SE 5 FilmDoo FR iTunes FI Rakuten TV PT SI 1 FilmDoo GB iTunes FR Rakuten TV SK SK 6 FilmDoo GR iTunes GB RakutenTV AT FilmDoo HR iTunes IE RakutenTV DE FilmDoo HU iTunes IT RakutenTV ES FilmDoo IE iTunes LT RakutenTV FR FilmDoo IT iTunes LV RakutenTV GB FilmDoo LT iTunes NL RakutenTV IT FilmDoo LU iTunes PL AT FilmDoo LV iTunes PT Sky Store DE FilmDoo MT iTunes SE Sky Store GB FilmDoo NL iTunes SK Sky Store IE FilmDoo PL K2Studio SK Playstation Store DE FilmDoo PT Kino VOD Club AT Sony Playstation Store ES FilmDoo RO LaCinetek FR Sony Playstation Store FR FilmDoo SE Maxdome Store AT Sony Playstation Store GB FilmDoo SI Maxdome Store DE Sony Playstation Store IT Source: JustWatch catalogue data FilmDoo SK MEO PT Talk Talk TV GB SVOD catalogues and countries in the film sample Name of service Name of service Name of service Country Number of SVOD catalogues BE GuideDoc IE Netflix DE AT 8 Amazon Prime Video CZ GuideDoc IT Netflix DK BE 3 Amazon Prime Video DE GuideDoc LT Netflix EE CZ 11 Amazon Prime Video DK GuideDoc LV Netflix ES Amazon Prime Video EE GuideDoc NL Netflix FI DE 12 Amazon Prime Video ES GuideDoc PL Netflix FR DK 7 Amazon Prime Video FI GuideDoc SE Netflix LT EE 4 Amazon Prime Video FR HBO GO CZ Netflix LV ES 6 Amazon Prime Video GB HBO GO PL Netflix NL FI 7 Amazon Prime Video IE HBO Go PT Netflix PL FR 6 Amazon Prime Video IT HBO GO RO Netflix PT GB 10 Amazon Prime Video LT HBO GO SK Netflix RO Amazon Prime Video LV HBO Nordic DK Netflix SE IE 7 Amazon Prime Video NL HBO Nordic FI Netflix SK IT 7 Amazon Prime Video PL HBO Nordic SE Obbod CZ LT 4 Amazon Prime Video PT Horizon/UPC PL Obbod SK LV 4 Amazon Prime Video SE IPLA PL OCS GO FR NL 6 Amazon Prime Video SK Kividoo AT Otta SK PL 9 Animax Plus Amazon Channel DE Kividoo DE SFR Play FR Anime DE Magio Kino SK Shudder AT PT 4 Be2Can CZ Maxdome AT Shudder DE RO 2 Be2Can SK Maxdome DE Shudder GB SE 7 BFI Player GB Premium Play IT Shudder IE SK 12 C More DK Movistar+ ES AT C More FI AT Sky GO DE C More SE MUBI CZ Sky GO GB Curzon Home Cinema GB MUBI DE Sky GO IE DaFilms CZ MUBI DK Sky GO IT DaFilms SK MUBI EE Sky TV GB Disney Life GB MUBI ES Sky NOW TV IE Disney Life IE MUBI FI Sky Now TV IT Film1 NL MUBI FR Sky Ticket AT Filmbox CZ MUBI GB Sky Ticket DE Filmbox PL MUBI IE Play Amazon Channel DE Filmbox SK MUBI IT Starz Play GB Filmin Plus ES MUBI LT TIMvision IT Filmo TV SVOD FR MUBI LV Uncut Belgium BE Filmpopular CZ MUBI NL UPC My Prime CZ GuideDoc AT MUBI PL UPC My Prime PL GuideDoc DE MUBI PT UPC My Prime SK GuideDoc DK MUBI SE Viaplay DK GuideDoc EE MUBI SK Viaplay FI GuideDoc ES Netflix AT Viaplay SE GuideDoc FI Netflix BE Videoland NL GuideDoc GB Netflix CZ Voyo CZ and SK Source: JustWatch catalogue data TVOD catalogues and countries in the TV sample

Name of serviceName of service Country Number of TVOD catalogues AT 8 Amazon TVOD ATMicrosoft Films & TV IT BE 1 Amazon TVOD DEMicrosoft Films & TV NL CZ 1 Amazon TVOD GBMicrosoft Films & TV SE DE 10 Bbox VOD FR MyTF1vod FR DK 1 Canal VOD FR O2TV CZ ES 3 Chili AT Orange VOD FR FI 1 Chili DE Rakuten TV AT FR 9 Chili GB Rakuten TV BE GB 9 IE 3 Chili IT Rakuten TV DE IT 4 Chili PL Rakuten TV ES NL 1 Flimmit AT Rakuten TV FR PL 1 Flimmit DE Rakuten TV GB SE 1 Google Play Movies ATRakuten TV IE Google Play Movies DERakuten TV IT Google Play Movies FRSky Store GB Google Play Movies GBSky Store IE Infinity TV IT Sony Playstation Store DE iTunes DE Sony Playstation Store ES iTunes FR Sony Playstation Store FR iTunes GB Sony Playstation Store GB Maxdome Store ATTalk Talk TV GB Maxdome Store DEVideobuster AT Microsoft Films & TV AT Videobuster DE Microsoft Films & TV DE Microsoft Films & TV DK Microsoft Films & TV ES Microsoft Films & TV FI Microsoft Films & TV FR Microsoft Films & TV GB Microsoft Films & TV IE

Source: JustWatch catalogue data SVOD catalogues and countries in the TV sample

Name of service Name of service Name of service Name of service CountryNumber of SVOD catalogues Acorn TV DK C More SE Netflix DK Shudder DE AT 8 BE 4 Acorn TV NL Disney Life GB Netflix EE Shudder GB CZ 3 Acorn TV SE Disney Life IE Netflix ES Shudder IE DE 13 Amazon Prime Video AT Disney Plus NL Netflix FI Sky ES DK 7 Amazon Prime Video BE Filmin Plus ES Netflix FR Sky GO AT EE 4 Amazon Prime Video CZ Fox Play PT Netflix GB Sky GO DE ES 9 Amazon Prime Video DE Fubo TV ES Netflix HU Sky GO GB FI 6 FR 4 Amazon Prime Video DK HBO ES Netflix IE Sky GO IE GB 9 Amazon Prime Video EE HBO GO CZ Netflix IT Sky GO IT HU 4 Amazon Prime Video ES HBO GO HU Netflix Kids AT Sky Now TV GB IE 7 Amazon Prime Video FI HBO GO PL Netflix Kids DE Sky Now TV IE IT 5 Amazon Prime Video FR HBO Go PT Netflix Kids DK Sky Now TV IT LT 4 Amazon Prime Video GB HBO GO RO Netflix Kids EE Sky Online DE LV 4 NL 7 Amazon Prime Video HU HBO Nordic DK Netflix Kids GB Sky X AT PL 4 Amazon Prime Video IE HBO Nordic FI Netflix Kids IE Starz Play Amazon Channel DE PT 4 Amazon Prime Video IT HBO Nordic SE Netflix Kids LT Starz Play Amazon Channel GB RO 4 Amazon Prime Video LT Horizon/UPC HU Netflix Kids LV TIMvision IT SE 7 Amazon Prime Video LV Horizon/UPC PL Netflix Kids NL TVNOW DE SK 1 Amazon Prime Video NL Horizon/UPC RO Netflix Kids SE Viaplay DK Amazon Prime Video PL ITV GB Netflix LT Viaplay EE Amazon Prime Video PT JOYN DE Netflix LV Viaplay FI Amazon Prime Video RO Kividoo AT Netflix NL Viaplay LT Amazon Prime Video SE Kividoo DE Netflix PL Viaplay LV Amazon Prime Video SK Maxdome AT Netflix PT Viaplay SE Animax Plus Amazon Channel DE Maxdome DE Netflix RO Videoland NL Anime on Demand DE Movistar+ ES Netflix SE Vodafone ES Atresplayer ES Netflix AT OCS GO FR Yelo Play BE Be tv BE Netflix BE Ruutu FI Ziggo NL C More DK Netflix CZ SFR Play FR C More FI Netflix DE Shudder AT Source: JustWatch catalogue data More information: www.obs.coe.int [email protected] [email protected]