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by Katherine Applegate •

D o w n l o a d a

Teacher Guide b l e

N o v

Written by e l

Linda Herman n i t s ® P r o d u c t

•

S i n g l e - C l a

Note s s r

The 2012 HarperCollins Children’s Books hardcover edition of the o o

Novel ISBN: 978-0-06-199225-4 s e r

L i c

Please note: Please assess the appropriateness of this novel for the age e n s

level and maturity of your students prior to reading and discussing it e

with them. •

ISBN 978-1-60878-624-4 Publisher Information For a complete catalog, contact— Copyright infringement is a violation of Federal Law. Novel Units, Inc. © 2016 by Novel Units, Inc., Bulverde, Texas. All rights reserved. Reproduction of any part of this product P.O. Box 97 is strictly prohibited. No part of this publication may be translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted Bulverde, TX 78163-0097 or shared in any way or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise) without prior written permission from Novel Units, Inc. Reproduction of any part of this publication for Web site: novelunits.com multiple school terms, an entire school or for a school system, by for-profit institutions and tutoring centers, or for commercial sale is strictly prohibited. For more digital resources, visit: ecslearningsystems.com Novel Units is a registered trademark of ECS Learning Systems, Inc. Printed in the United States of America. ECS Learning Systems, Inc. recommends that the purchaser/user of this publication preview and use his/her own judgment when selecting lessons and activities. Please assess the appropriateness of the content and activities according to grade level and maturity of your students. The responsibility to adhere to safety standards and best professional practices is the duty of the teachers, students, and/or others who use the content of this publication. ECS Learning Systems is not responsible for any damage, to property or person, that results from the performance of the activities in this publication. Table of Contents

Summary ...... 3

About the Author ...... 3

Characters ...... 4

Background Information ...... 4

Initiating Activities ...... 5

Vocabulary Activities ...... 6 • e s Seven Sections ...... 7 n e c i Each section contains: Summary, Vocabulary, L r e Discussion Questions, and Supplementary Activities s U m o Post-reading Discussion Questions ...... 22 o r s s a l

C Post-reading Extension Activities ...... 24 - e l g n i

S Assessment ...... 25

• t c u Scoring Rubric ...... 36 d o r P ® s t i n U l e v o N e l Skills and Strategies b a d a Comprehension Writing o l n Predicting, inferring, cause/effect, Creative writing, personal w o supporting judgments, problem narrative, dialogue, poetry, D solving journalism, essay • Literary Elements Critical Thinking Character analysis, story mapping, Brainstorming, research, compare/contrast, analysis, setting, conflict, theme, point of evaluation view, figurative language, author’s purpose Across the Curriculum Vocabulary Science—western lowland gorillas, great apes, animal communication, Synonyms, definitions, elephants, Koko, sense of smell; homophones, compound words, Health—infection; Social Studies— target words animal rights, wildlife in captivity, circus animal abuse, zoos, Listening/Speaking zookeeper; Art—Picasso, cubism, Discussion, oral presentation, color wheel, design, illustrations, drama, interview models; Music—soundtrack Hello–Julia After 9,855 days at the Exit 8 Big Top Mall and Video Arcade, Ivan is resigned to a predictable life in his small domain—not to be confused with a cage. He analyzes human shoppers, listens to Stella’s stories, and watches television with Bob. More importantly, Ivan admires Julia’s artwork and creates his own crayon drawings that Mack sells in the rundown mall’s gift shop. To survive in captivity, Ivan refuses to think about his past life in the jungle.

Discussion Questions Vocabulary 1. What does Ivan mean when he says being a gorilla is “not as easy as it looks” (p. 1)? (Answers will vary. Ivan looks like a knuckle magnificent wild gorilla, but he cannot act like one because he lives majestic in captivity. Ivan is expected to be “the Freeway Gorilla,” “the Ape at span Exit 8,” and “the One and Only Ivan, Mighty Silverback” [p. 2]. • Downloadable Novel Units habitat Despite his superior physical power, Ivan chooses to submit to human amid authority. He endures the boredom of confinement while attempting merchants to make sense of his unnatural life. Ivan is a wild animal struggling domain to survive in a human environment.) mesh beckons 2. Why might humans “see a test of themselves” when looking at migrate Ivan (p. 4)? (Answers will vary. Humans often flaunt their authority sculptures over those considered beneath them. Sharing the great apes’ family

soul tree troubles some humans, as it does Ivan. Some people feel ® Product User License • • Single-Classroom Vocabulary,exist threatened by the “humanness” of great apes. Even those who do not romance believe in evolution often feel uncomfortable. Many people wonder canopies about animals’ intelligence and whether they understand us as Ivan pierce claims they do.) pedestal 3. What can you infer from Ivan describing his home as a infected “domain” instead of a “cage”? What is significant about what shacklesDiscussionhis domain lacks? (Answers will vary. “Domain” implies an area pathetic that Ivan owns or rules; “cage” denotes imprisonment. Ivan avoids the truth: he is a prisoner. Ivan’s domain lacks someone to protect. Protecting a troop is an intricate part of silverback gorillas’ lives. Ivan is missing purpose in his life and is not living as he was born to live.) 4. What message doesQuestions, the author present by including the seal’s death in the story? Can you locate other examples from the current reading section to support your answer? (Answers will vary. The seal’s senseless death asks readers to question the practice of capturing and confining wild animals. Not only are the animals bored in captivity, they often suffer abuse from interaction with humans, whether intentional like the circus trainers who use claw-sticks, or unintentional like the children who tossed pennies into the seal’s pool, unaware that their actions would harm the seal. The author also wants to alert readersActivities, to the abusive training methods suffered by circus animals. These animals are at the mercy of humans and are helpless to change their circumstances.) 5. How does Ivan feel about humans? Do you think his observations of people are accurate? (People do not impress Ivan. He acknowledges their clever ability to create things but considers humans to be noisy, impatient, and “a race of ill-mannered clowns” [p. 5]. Ivan finds humans wasteful, both with words and their need to buy things. Answers will vary. Discussion should cover the ways in which Ivan’s observations express a gorilla’s viewpoint, such as equating shopping to hunting and traffic to stampeding.)Worksheets All rights reserved

© Novel Units, Inc. 7 6. How does Ivan’s artwork differ from Julia’s? Why is art important to Ivan? (Julia uses her imagination to draw ideas and to create new things. Ivan’s drawings are simple, limited to items found in his cage. Answers will vary. Ivan has few memories of his life in the wild; however, he remembers having always been an artist. Being an artist is how Ivan identifies himself. Art connects Ivan to his past and gives him purpose, allowing him to escape boredom and earn money for Mack. Art also gives Ivan a goal: to be able to illustrate ideas like Julia does.) 7. What role does television play in Ivan’s life? How do you think Ivan would react if he watched the films Gorillas in the Mist and King Kong? Which film do you think he would like best? (Television gives Ivan something to do and provides him glimpses of the outside world. If he had not seen the gorilla in the nature program, he may still wonder if he were the last of his kind. Answers will vary.) 8. What does Stella mean when she says, “Old age…is a powerful disguise”(p. 31)? How might this apply to the story? (Answers will vary. Stella is an old, wise elephant who has seen a lot during her lifetime. She remembers good times living in the wild and bad times at the circus. Stella learned to accept unfair circumstances and to obey. However, she uses her old age to cover her true feelings and capabilities. At some point, she may act unexpectedly, even rebel, to protect something important to her.) 9. How can Mack’s financial difficulties affect the animals? Does Mack’s financial trouble outweigh his responsibility to his animals? (Answers will vary. Without income, Mack may have trouble paying for the animals’ care. He may skimp on food or veterinary care. He may also take his frustration out on the animals, as demonstrated by his throwing a can at the macaw. Discussion should cover animal owners’ responsibilities and that captive animals have no choice but to depend Vocabulary,on owners to meet their needs.) 10. Why do you think Bob chooses to live with Ivan rather than humans? (Answers will vary.

Product • Single-Classroom User License • Product Bob does not trust humans after being cruelly tossed onto the freeway along with his less-fortunate ® littermates. He is afraid of being hurt again. However, Bob does not want to be alone. Like Ivan, he craves warmth and companionship.) 11. What isDiscussion the importance of the glass in Ivan’s cage? (Answers will vary. The glass symbolizes a line between humans and animals. Ivan states, “The glass says you are this and we are that and that is how it will always be” [p. 14]. The glass represents humans’ control over the caged animals. Sometimes, the glass provides protection for Ivan, such as when the “spit-pebble children” throw things at him. Other times, the glass protects visitors from Ivan and his me-balls.) 12. Why do you think Julia chooses to sit with Ivan instead of the other animals? (Answers will • Downloadable Novel Units Novel • Downloadable Questions, vary. Julia can talk to Ivan, and she relates to him because he is an artist. She may view Ivan as the most human-like of the animals and sympathize with his being locked in a cage. Julia understands that Ivan is sad and shows his emotion in her drawings.) 13. Prediction: How will Ivan showActivities, anger by the end of the story? Worksheets All rights reserved

Directions: Spend a few minutes looking at the cover of the novel and flipping through its pages. What can you predict about the characters, the setting, and the problem in the novel? Write your predictions in the spaces below.

The Characters The Setting The Problem

Vocabulary, From the information you gathered above, do you think you will enjoy reading this novel?

Product • Single-Classroom User License • Product Circle your response on the scale below. ® Discussion 0 —— 1 —— 2 —— 3 —— 4 —— 5 —— 6 —— 7 —— 8 —— 9 —— 10 I will not like this novel. I will really like this novel.

Explain your prediction on the lines below.

• Downloadable Novel Units Novel • Downloadable Questions, ______

______Activities, ______

______

Directions: Complete the chart below for Julia. Cite evidence from the story as you fill in information.

Her Statements Her Behavior Her Fears

Vocabulary, Product • Single-Classroom User License • Product ® DiscussionJulia

A. Directions: Read the quotes below from the novel. Each uses a simile or metaphor to compare two things. In the blank boxes next to each quote, write what the simile or metaphor really means.

Quote Rewrite

1. “Gorillas are as patient as stones” (p. 3). • Downloadable Novel Units

2. “Stella is a mountain. Next to her I am a rock, and Bob is a grain of sand” (p. 27).

3. “...there are nine thousand eight hundred and seventy-six X’s marching across my wall like a parade of ugly insects” (p. 146). ® Vocabulary, Product User License • • Single-Classroom B. Directions: Now, read these quotes from the novel. The quotes given below DO NOT use similes or metaphors. This time, rewrite each quote so that it DOES use a simile or metaphor. DiscussionQuote Rewrite