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FEATURES 8 PARTNERING TO SAVE THE CONNECT FLORIDA PANTHER January 2014 Brandon Speeg, Karen Meeks, dr. Scott Citino, Dr. Linda Penfold, and the Florida Fish & Wildlife conservation Commission

12 FLORIDA AQUARIUM: RESTORATION OF RESILIENT CORAL COLONIES TO THE FLORIDA KEYS Margo McKnight

14 CONSERVING VULTURES richard P. Reading, PhD

16 CONSERVATION IN YOUR BACKYARD A Small Zoo’s Perspective Jenny Barnett

18 MANED WOLF CONSERVATION In Mar De Ansenuza Reserve, Córdoba, Argentina paula Gonzalez Ciccia

20 IN MEMORIAM Russell Greenberg, Smithsonian National Zoo

28 ANIMAL WELFARE Jill Mellen

30 INSPIRING THE NEXT GENERATION OF ANIMAL CARE PROFESSIONALS ella Casey

IN EVERY ISSUE

3 A MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT & CEO

6 CONSERVATION & RESEARCH

21 MEMBER NEWS

26 GREEN TALES

27 CONSERVATION SPOTLIGHT

32 A MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIR OF THE BOARD ON THE COVER 33 BIRTHS & HATCHINGS Important components of Denver Zoo’s vulture conservation programs in both Mongolia and Botswana include education and outreach campaigns, work with policy 38 EXHIBITS makers and capacity building among local people. Local and Denver staff members educate people about the importance of vultures as nature’s recyclers, the benefits of 40 ANNOUNCEMENTS removing carcasses from the landscape, the dangers of spreading poisons and pesti- 43 MEMBER UPDATES cides and the risks that lead ammunition poses. The Zoo also works with officials to encourage the use of non-lead ammunition, to increase anti-poaching activities and to 45 INDEX OF ADVERTISERS pass laws and regulations to ensure the survival of vultures.

47 CALENDAR Lappet Faced Vulture © R. Reading, Denver Zoo

2 CONNECT January 2014 A MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT & CEO

he rapid growth in wildlife crimes over the past several years is well documented. For president & ceo example, it is estimated that 35,000 are slaughtered each year for their ivory. Much work Tis being done to stop the killing, stop the trafficking and stop the demand. It is this last area – stopping the demand for illegal wildlife products – where AZA-accredited zoos and aquariums can be particularly effective. One such example is the Wildlife Conservation Society’s (WCS) 96 Elephants campaign, with AZA and many of its members as committed partners. Please visit www.96elephants.org to take action.

AZA-accredited zoos and aquariums have an increasingly important role to play in engaging important audiences in their efforts to save species. The assets that AZA members possess – unique and inspiring collections; 180 million visitors; strong partnerships with federal, state, and local governments, and international NGOs; and talented and dedicated staffs – make AZA-accredited aquariums and zoos a keystone on which to build a successful effort to conserve the planet’s wildlife and wild places.

Pressure on wildlife and wild habitats from trade, population growth, climate change and other factors are only increasing. This makes the field conservation work, educational programming, and advocacy efforts of AZA-accredited aquariums and zoos vitally important. In 2012, AZA accredited institutions invested $160 million in field conservation projects around the world, bringing a three-year total spend on field conservation to $450 million.

This year’s Mid-Year Meeting is being hosted by the Memphis Zoo in Memphis, Tenn., an AZA member committed to wildlife conservation and to bringing colleagues and partners together to advance this mission. The Mid-Year Meeting features strong programing and a host of AZA Committee meetings, workshops and networking opportunities. I look forward to seeing you there.

Editorial policy: CONNECT is published by the Association of Zoos & Aquariums (AZA), a nonprofit, tax-exempt organization dedicated to the advancement of zoological parks and aquariums for conservation, education, scientific studies and recreation. Issued to members as a free service; not available as a subscription. Mailed during the first week of the month. Articles submitted for CONNECT do not necessarily reflect the opinions and policies of AZA.

Mission: CONNECT is a forum for promoting AZA’s mission by highlighting zoo and aquarium trends, industry initiatives, conservation efforts and member achievements.

Copyright policy: All items appearing in CONNECT are copyright of AZA. Permission to reprint items must be obtained by contacting AZA’s Publications Department at [email protected].

Advertising policy: Advertising is available. AZA reserves the right to refuse advertising not consistent with its mission. Ad contracts are issued on an annual basis, and ads are accepted on a one, three, six, nine or 12-time basis. Deadline for insertion orders is the first of the month preceding publication. Deadline for artwork is the 10th of the month preceding publication. Rates and mechanical requirements are available upon request.

January 2014 CONNECT 3 AZA BOARD & STAFF

aza staff aza board of directors CONNECT staff 2013 - 2013 Tim Lewthwaite, Editor officers Lisa Cadigan, Designer, Cadigan Creative CONNECT editorial Board Chair Melinda Arnold, Dickerson Park Zoo Jackie Ogden, PhD Steve Feldman, Senior Vice President, External Affairs Vice President, Animals, Science and Environment, AQUATIC LIFE Martha Fischer, Saint Louis Zoo Walt Disney Parks and Resorts Julie Larsen-Maher, Wildlife Conservation Society Ph: (407) 938-2831, E-mail: [email protected] Tim Lewthwaite, AZA Publications Manager Chair Elect Kristin L. Vehrs, AZA Executive Director SUPPORT Dennis E. Pate AZA Staff Executive Director and CEO, Omaha’s Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium Jim Maddy, President & CEO Ph: (402) 738-2014, E-mail: [email protected] Kristin L. Vehrs, Executive Director Paul Boyle, PhD, Senior Vice President of Conservation & Vice Chair FOR AQUARIUMS AND ZOOS Education Steve Burns Steve Feldman, Senior Vice President, External Affairs Director, Zoo Boise Jill Nicoll, Chief Operating Officer Ph: (208) 384-4125, x203, E-mail: [email protected] board & staff Debborah Luke, PhD, Vice President Past Chair Pentair Aquatic Eco-Systems can provide everything you need to support Animal Conservation Tom Schmid the aquatic life in your zoo or large-scale aquarium, including: Denny Lewis, Vice President Accreditation Programs President and CEO, Texas State Aquarium Jennifer Keaton, Vice President, Congressional Affairs Ph: (361) 881-1242, E-mail: [email protected] Steve Olson, Vice President Federal Relations DIRECTORs DESIGN Jay Vestal, Vice President of Sales & Marketing Receive expert advice on exhibit concept development, design and layout. Phil Wagner, Senior Vice President of Finance Jim Breheny Executive Vice President and General Director, Zoos and Aquarium Candice Dorsey, PhD, Director, Animal Programs Jonathan Little Cohen Director of the Bronx Zoo Wildlife Conservation Society Jennifer DiNenna, Manager, Accreditation Ph: (718) 220-5101, E-mail: [email protected] SUPPLY Jennifer Fields, Communications Coordinator Lynn B. Clements We offer pumps, filters, sterilization equipment and more, and can provide Allegra Formento, Marketing Assistant Director, Virginia Aquarium and Marine Science Center custom skid filtration systems and control systems. Rachel Gauza, Citizen Science Program Specialist Ph: (757) 385-0241, E-mail: [email protected] Rebecca Greenberg, Program Assistant, Conservation & Science Jim Hekkers INSTALLATION Shelly Grow, Director, Conservation Programs Managing Director, Monterey Bay Aquarium Our installation team includes master plumbers and project managers who Melissa Howerton, Vice President, Conferences & Membership Ph: (831) 647-6825, E-mail: [email protected] Tim Lewthwaite, Publications & Brand Manager Gregg Hudson fully understand the special needs of aquatic system construction where Nette Pletcher, Director of Conservation Education Executive Director and Chief Executive Officer, Dallas Zoo Management, Inc. animal welfare is critical. Barbara Pueschel, Board & Committees Liaison Ph: (469) 554-7510, E-mail: [email protected] Nancy Ramos, Receptionist Dennis W. Kelly Amy Rutherford, Professional Development Program Manager Director, Smithsonian National Zoological Park PROJECT CONSULTATION Ana Maria Sanchez, Controller Ph: (202) 633-4442, E-mail: [email protected] We draw on our extensive field experience to make sure your system is not only functional but also easy to use and maintain. Barbara Skewes, Manager, Member Information Services Kevin Mills Sarah Sullivan, Manager, Digital Media President and CEO, South Carolina Aquarium Gina Velosky, Manager, Business Development & Marketing Ph: (843) 579-8555, E-mail: [email protected] Cheryl Wallen, Meeting Planner Amos Morris Jacquelyn Wright, Program Assistant, Member Services Zoo Director, Mesker Park Zoo and Botanic Garden Association of Zoos & Aquariums Ph: (812) 435-6143 x401, E-mail: [email protected] 8403 Colesville Road, Suite 710 Douglas G. Meyers Silver Spring, MD 20910 President and CEO, San Diego Zoo Global 301-562-0777 (phone); 301-562-0888 (fax); Web: WaterLifeDesign.com Ph: (619) 557-3999, E-mail: [email protected] www.aza.org Email: [email protected] John T. Walczak Phone: 407-472-0525 Director, Louisville Zoological Garden 2395 Apopka Blvd, Apopka, FL 32703 Ph: (502) 238-5335, E-mail: [email protected] © 2014 Pentair Aquatic Eco-Systems, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 4 AQUATIC LIFE SUPPORT FOR AQUARIUMS AND ZOOS

Pentair Aquatic Eco-Systems can provide everything you need to support the aquatic life in your zoo or large-scale aquarium, including:

DESIGN Receive expert advice on exhibit concept development, design and layout.

SUPPLY We offer pumps, filters, sterilization equipment and more, and can provide custom skid filtration systems and control systems.

INSTALLATION Our installation team includes master plumbers and project managers who fully understand the special needs of aquatic system construction where animal welfare is critical.

PROJECT CONSULTATION We draw on our extensive field experience to make sure your system is not only functional but also easy to use and maintain.

Web: WaterLifeDesign.com Email: [email protected] Phone: 407-472-0525 2395 Apopka Blvd, Apopka, FL 32703

January 2014 CONNECT 5 CONSERVATION & RESEARCH

Conservation Fads approaches to the myriad situations the design of vertebrate reintroduc- Based on their combined eight decades that demand actions to preserve and tion projects. The study examined of conservation research, the authors conserver biological diversity. 199 peer-reviewed and gray literature papers and found welfare issues iden- identify ten past and present fads in bi- Redford, KH, Padoch, C, tified in 67 percent of those publica- ological conservation. Among the bet- Sunderland, T. 2013. Fads, funding, ter known of these fads are marketing and forgetting in three decades of tions; but animal welfare was explicitly of natural products from rain forests; conservation. Conservation Biology 27: identified in only six percent. The biodiversity hotspots; integrated con- 437-438. Correspondence to: most common mitigation of implicit servation and development projects; [email protected]. or explicit welfare issues was a ‘soft ecotourism; community-based conser- release’ (e.g., acclimation enclosures, vation; payment for ecosystem ser- Animal Welfare food and shelter provisioning after vices; and landscape approaches that and Design of release) aimed at increasing survival. integrate agriculture, sustainable uses, Reintroduction Projects The study builds a strong case for an and conservation. The authors argue Reintroductions and translocations explicit consideration of welfare issues that like all fads, biological conserva- frequently involve trade-offs between at all stages of any reintroduction or tion fads are often popular and wide- the welfare of individual animals and translocation project. spread – fashionable – and dominate the support or reestablishment of Harrington, LA, Moehrenschlager, publications, meetings, and donor at- threatened or endangered species. For A, Gelling, M, Atkinson, RPB, tention and support. In comparison example, mortalities of reintroduced Hughes, J, MacDonald, DW. 2013. to previous approaches, conservation animals may be high when compared Conflicting and complementary ethics fads are often touted as better; as ‘the to similar animals remaining in cap- of animal welfare considerations in re- answer.’ The authors close with a plea tivity. This study sought to determine introductions. Conservation Biology 27: that conservation biologists strive to the extent to which animal welfare 486-500. Correspondence to: be reflective rather than reflexive in has been explicitly incorporated into [email protected]. their consideration of new ideas and

6 CONNECT January 2014 conservation & research 7

CONNECT

, , d S m , , , , , , , e an T S R R J, J, h January 2014 January 2014 , , , , , L, , , or , , , , K , , B, l K a , , H, D, D, , , L m , , w , , asiki eat , , H, , S ll ay d s K h , , egg , A a N l ll , , E rink unter roo oto h J, J, ac o C rank , , l G C b , , F h S , W, L , W, M, M, , , B ickerson , , , , , , B tre , , S T ic ennan N oya , , K , , AC l tratfor , , D KS , , , , B, H N mp , D, , D, ert , , m i , , S , , , , inter u h er A b h ac Conserving large , , l O C , , - o ll nocker , , ou i egg eat h asing , , W ruce EA K , , M d C , , ic kot urton A kinner o , , eno , , H skink G S O h l C . . 2013. w , BD, P , BD, , , B, M, M, B , , P , , B , , ’ e M, M, D , , B , , S C g , HH, , J HH, ac S A O C , JW, M , JW, , , J, , P, , P, , , m , , ossou b h , , , , sey N , , , , D 16:635-641. Correspondence to: , , J h issui d S utt o , , K egg in asky b ong , P, , P, erno N l ll l l l inter c aneko gutu e ionak e e issett urger o atterson a og M, M, unston S B H, H, B M S H B N B, B, L D W P P O carnivores: dollars and fence. Ecology Letters [email protected]. D S F D , , , T er , , , d A , , auer , an aro , A C , D, , D, , , B , , , , , ST G S , , C ty ge , , l , , , , anson , , M, Z e d u w m N S o , , l ac and onservation arnett a acker feifer anney overi L C M P Lion African C Fencing of activities that Physical separation oneis conflict wildlife human in result conflict. that minimizing of means is one populations Fencing of wildlife physical separation this way to achieve as coun- viewed but fences are often ethic. ter to a broader conservation of effectiveness This study tests the fencing on African lion conservation 42 sites in 11 countries while at status controlling for a wide range of human impact and management tactics. maintain lion popula- Fenced reserves tions closer to their potential densi- costs per unit much lower ties and at area than unfenced areas. Moreover, are limited lions in fenced reserves size largely by their own population to available relative space and resources. In contrast, lions in unfenced reserves sensitive are highly popula- human to and densities tion are frequently im- pacted by factors are independent that of their population size and resources. While fenced popu- project to be lations stable for the next 100 years, more than half of the lion popu- in unfenced lations project to reserves decline precipitously in the next 20-40 years. P B KK G , , , , m orne a h ano eau h , , ML, d m an ru er , , L T ouck G F , , ossing , , D. 2013. D. N , , H G , , L, , , , , inia d or RE , P, P , P, l , , onservation o d ogna rregui atayu oy T l l A areiva , , J, M , , a Six common mistakes K w C C , D, , D, J, J, L , , , , o J, J, A l an ET , , u A l m , , a , , e ance b C a er m V ll onservation ou a L, L, , , i J, J, L C Emerging trends for biobanking amphibian genetic resources: The hope, reality and challenges for the next decade. Biological Conservation 164: 10-21. Correspondence to: akouba@ memphiszoo.org K Amphibian C Biobanking F This paper reviews the issues related to biobanking for amphibians including the role of zoos and aquariums. It identifies the prospects and challenges of cells, tissues, cryopreservation for and gametes. It lays out a clear set of offer a base- goals and priorities that line against which request for samples can be weighed. and participation G 2013. HP. in conservation priority setting. priority setting. in conservation Conservation Biology 27: 480-485. Correspondence to: [email protected] The difficult, often vexing issue of how issue The difficult, often vexing projects and to prioritize conservation major focus of con- is now a initiatives paper identifies science. The servation developing in missteps common six projects: and prioritizing conservation a conservation that not acknowledging ill-defined prioritization, is a project - ar actions, prioritizing not problems, bitrariness, hidden value judgments, and not acknowledging risk of fail- ure. The most common misstep is an ill-definedtrying to solve problem. approaches to prioritization Objective and simple tactics for avoiding these six common missteps are clearly and succinctly outlined. Setting In Priority C V S PARTNERING TO SAVE THE FLORIDA PANTHER

s the conservation community com- memorates the 40th anniversary of Athe Endangered Species Act (ESA), a collaboration of government agencies, zoos and non-governmental organizations continue the work of saving one of the first listed species. Seven years before the pas- sage of the ESA, the Florida panther was initially listed as a threatened and endangered species, compiled under the precur- sory Endangered Species Preservation Act. At the time of listing, and after a century of persecution and exponential human population growth, Florida’s state animal num- bered between five to 20 adults isolated south of the Caloosahatchee River. Forty years later, approximately 100 to 160 adults remain thanks to the collaborative efforts of diverse stakeholders, including White Oak Conservation Center in Yulee, Fla., and other Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) member organizations.

By Brandon Speeg, Karen Meeks, Dr. Scott Citino, Dr. Linda Penfold, and the 8 CONNECT January 2014 Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission hite Oak encompasses 7,400 acres of forests and wet- other predators. With the low number of panthers remaining in lands located along the St. Mary’s River in northeast the wild, every individual female is important to the population WFlorida. Founded in 1982, and an AZA certified related and the FWC team captured the kitten to give her the best chance facility since 1985, White Oak sustains imperiled animal species of survival. FP113 arrived at White Oak on October 24th and was through innovative conservation breeding, research, education, placed in a small secluded enclosure to enable staff to monitor her and field programs. White Oak’s large and secluded property and closely during the crucial early period. successful felid programs make it an ideal facility for the rehabili- In the isolated enclosure, FP113 was fed a variety of prey, using tation and recovery of panthers. strict protocols to reduce her association between food and hu- The first Florida panther rehabilitations and releases were mans. After six months in the conditioning pen, the now sub- attempted at Zoo Miami in the early 1980s. White Oak’s involve- adult panther was a capable hunter and ready to take her rightful ment with efforts to save the Florida panther began in 1986 upon place as the apex predator in southwest Florida. FP 113 would go on receiving a non-releasable male panther “Big Guy” that had been to become a crucial part of the wild panther population, producing hit by a car. This began a partnership with the U.S. Fish & Wildlife at least 12 kittens identified by biologists. Biologists also know that Service (USFWS) and the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation at least one of her female offspring has gone on to produce litters of Commission (FWC) that continues today. White Oak’s first reha- her own. Years after her release back into the wild, FP 113 is still re- bilitation and release came with the arrival of a nine-month old or- warding the FWC and White Oak panther team for their hard work. phaned and injured female in 1987. Affectionately dubbed “Orphan Despite the successful rehabilitation and release of 12 panthers Annie”, but officially known as FP 23, she recovered in a ten acre since the program’s inception, Florida panther populations remain conditioning enclosure built in natural Florida upland pine habi- low due to human related geographical and political factors that tat. After a year at White Oak, Orphan Annie was released into Big restrict panther populations to small patches of suitable habitat Cypress National Preserve and went on to produce two litters. and protected areas in southwest Florida. Intraspecific aggression Despite small gains prescribed in the recovery plan, the panther (in large part due to limited suitable habitat) and vehicle colli- population was still on the precipice of extinction, due in large sions continue to be the leading causes of mortality and injury in part to inbreeding depression. Many panthers demonstrated vis- free-ranging Florida panthers. As broader conservation strategies ible signs associated with inbreeding, including a high percentage are put into place, White Oak and FWC continue to work together of cryptorchid males with poor sperm quality and an increasing to save individual panthers and return them to the wild breeding prevalence of atrial septal defects. In 1992, White Oak organized population. Multiple AZA institutions in Florida have contributed and hosted a stakeholder meeting intended to move conserva- to panther recovery by providing housing, rehabilitation, and tion planning through political and scientific gridlock regarding pathology work. These facilities include Jacksonville Zoo, Zoo proposed genetic introgression. As a result, eight Texas cougar Miami, Disney’s Animal Kingdom, Tampa’s Lowry Park Zoo and females were released into south Florida in 1994, with the objective Busch Gardens Tampa. The Florida panther story is an excellent of increasing genetic diversity and overall population health. After example of how AZA institutions work collaboratively to tackle successfully breeding, the cougar females were removed from the challenges related to restoring populations of endangered large wild after a prescribed time, and three came to White Oak to live carnivores. out their lives. One of the Texas females still lives in a spacious enclosure at the age of 22. Brandon Speeg, Conservation Coordinator, White Oak staff participates in field work to capture male White Oak Conservation Florida panthers and assess reproductive parameters as part of the monitoring of the genetic introgression study. Information was Karen Meeks, Collections Manager, gained by studying sperm recovered post mortem from panthers White Oak Conservation killed by vehicular trauma or inter-male aggression. Data on the reproductive traits of Florida panthers, to determine the influence Dr. Scott Citino, Head Veterinarian, White Oak Conservation of outbreeding on this population, was collected over a ten-year period and assessed in terms of the genetic heterozygosity and Dr. Linda Penfold, Director, overall health. These important findings were published in Science South-East Zoo Alliance for Reproduction & Conservation (2010), describing for the first time the impact of this intervention in preventing the extinction of a species. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission also Panthers tested positive for feline leukemia virus (FeLV) dur- contributed to the article ing the 2002-2003 capture season and an outbreak followed in the Okaloacoochee Slough in south Florida. White Oak completed a safety and efficacy study on killed FeLV vaccine using captive pumas that was used as a part of the intervention strategy, which vaccinated captured panthers in a ring around the outbreak zone. Perhaps the biggest success of White Oak and FWC’s rehabilitation and release program began with the rescue of an orphaned six-month old female kitten in 2002. FWC biologists found the cub FP113 lingering near a deer carcass that her mother had probably died defending. The kitten would have struggled to find and kill prey, and would be unprotected from territorial males and

January 2014 CONNECT 9 10 CONNECT January 2014 January 2014 CONNECT 11 FLORIDA AQUARIUM: RESTORATION OF RESILIENT CORAL COLONIES TO THE FLORIDA KEYS

By Margo McKnight

Photos © Richard Ross, California Academy of Science f Charles Darwin was alive today he would have mitted through excited phone calls, text messages and e-mails as been diving with The Florida Aquarium’s (FLAQ) approximately 300,000 gametes were collected over two nights a Iconservation team’s coral restoration project this small percentage of the natural production yet a huge number to past summer. It is the not-so-natural-selection ele- work with for conservation purposes. ment of the work undertaken by The FLAQ in part- At the same time an additional important experiment was nership with Coral Restoration Foundation (CRF), taking place on shore in the CRF labs. A few weeks preceding the University of Florida’s Tropical Aquaculture Lab the expected coral spawn date, dozens of genotypes of staghorn (TAL) and help from other Association of Zoos coral from the CRF nursery were brought into the lab and placed and Aquariums (AZA) institutions, that would have in tanks. The animals were selected because of identified gamete peaked his attention. In addition to increasing the production and the likely hood to spawn, hopefully at the same number of coral to augment the wild populations, time, as the colonies in-situ. Adding to the success and excitement this team is taking it one step further attempting in the water, the lab colonies spawned as well. This is an important to give the most resilient genotypes of coral a head step given that the goal of this project is to stimulate spawning of start. Essentially speeding up adaptive abilities to corals in on-shore nurseries to bolster wild reef colonies. help coral cope with an environment changing faster As the corals were being cross fertilized, on the reef, in jars and than normal evolutionary processes can keep up with. in tanks, the next stage was the development of larvae. This step Corals reproduce asexually, when large animals break was also a success. Now the free swimming larvae need to settle the colonies, fierce storms hit or a boat hull acciden- onto substrate and morph into a coral polyp. This settling phase tally strikes the reef breaking off coral fragments is unsettling as it is not clear yet what makes them fall out of the which can then begin a new colony, or sexually when water column and move into their sessile lifestyle. Once settled gametes are released into the water column and transporting them becomes more difficult. As of this writing, the cross fertilize producing greater genetic diversity. settling of polyps has been heralded as successful as we closely monitor the settled larvae, and so far development is on track. Globally corals face dramatic manmade environmental challenges Ultimate success will be when the colonies of the resilient geno- from ‘bleaching’ (loss of zooxanthellae) because of high tempera- types are restored to reefs and in turn spawn in the wild enhancing tures or cold kills, damage from more powerful storms, insidious the number of animals with greater adaptive abilities. We are on nature of oil spills and other pollutants. Both species of Acropora our way. cervicornus (staghorn) and palmata (elkhorn) are currently listed as The FLAQ , TAL and CRF were not alone in this successful threatened with a potential endangered status coming soon. It is season. Mystic Aquarium and the California Academy of Science estimated that they have declined by at least 97 percent.This pres- not only helped in the field but received (permitted) spawn and ents a big problem because these two coral species are the primary SeaWorld Orlando, Akron Zoo and Disney’s Living Seas lent able building blocks for Caribbean reefs. Helping them adapt poses bodies and minds. I especially want to thank Rich Ross for the spec- many challenges yet we cannot throw up our hands. The stakes are tacular and invaluable images and video. We cannot do this alone. too high. It appears that on existing reefs some genotypes appear Funding expertise and willing hands and minds are needed. So to be more resilient to these new environmental pressures. If we many of our staff make this program possible but Rick Klobuchar could assist these more robust genotypes by giving them a head and John Than are the heart and soul of this effort here at FLAQ. start and restoring greater numbers to reef ecosystems we could in We should also thank Charles D. as well for figuring this out a long theory hedge Nature’s bets. time ago. So how does this happen? Two words, Ken Nedimyer. Ken is president and founder of the Coral Restoration Foundation. Ken Margo McKnight is the Vice President of Biological started with plastic buckets housing three larval settlers in 1996. Operations at the Florida Aquarium By 2013 there are tens of thousands of coral in underwater nurseries with 107 different genotypes identified. In addition to his dedication to corals, Ken is the consummate collaborator bringing together stakeholders from private non-profits like FLAQ to large universities like the University of Florida. We began our coral journey in 2001 recusing a few corals from a seawall in Key West. Under the direction of Dr. Ilze Berzins, then vice president of biological operations, and Craig Watson (TAL), it did not take long for FLAQ to wade deeper and deeper into coral conservation. In the early morning hours of August 2013, three days after the full moon, a multitude of divers were hanging suspended in the water hovering above Molasses Reef waiting for one of nature’s amazing spectacles, a coral spawn. The long hours of preparation and time waiting in the water paid off as the spawning activity was so robust that the gametes were simply scooped up from the water column with ease. On the CRF nursery reef not far away clusters of corals were ‘tented’ overnight to collect specific genotypes and allow cross fertilization. The success of the 2013 spawn was trans-

January 2014 CONNECT 13 CONSERVING VULTURES

hey work fast. Having crossed the border into Botswana just before dawn in a mokoro canoe, Tfour men hack the long, curved tusks off the bull elephant’s skull. If they don’t get caught, the poachers will make a small fortune, though not nearly as much as the middleman who pays them. Looking up, the men curse the vultures circling above them. The birds anticipate a hearty meal of poached pachyderm. This telltale sign could bring rangers or, worse, soldiers right to the slaugh- ter. So when the poachers finish their dirty deed, they lace the carcass with pesticides to kill the birds that might well land them in jail. Hundreds of kilometers south, a cattle rancher chases off a pride of lions off the remaining uneaten half of one of his prized bulls. Angry at the continued loss of livestock to predators from the adjacent game reserve, he injects the remaining carcass with poison. As he pulls away, vultures waiting patiently in the surrounding trees, glide down to begin their final meal.

© R. Reading, Denver Zoo 14 CONNECT January 2014 By Richard P. Reading, PhD t the neighboring ranch and private hunting reserve, a tion and survivorship. Thus far, of the three species, mostly only guide removes the guts from a prize greater kudu that WBVs show signs of elevated lead levels, some higher than our Ahis client has just killed. Thrilled to get the huge, spiral- equipment can read. About 25 percent of the WBVs – the fastest ing horns and beautiful pelt, the hunter doesn’t want the meat, declining of the three species – we tested show dangerously high but the guide sure does. Once the hunter and guide clear out, lead levels. Our findings promise to help us evaluate the risks these vultures descend on the gut pile and devour it within minutes. birds face and the factors influencing survival and nesting success. What they cannot realize is that they have also ingested lead frag- In the last two years, we have placed telemetry data transmitter ments from the bullet that killed the kudu. They will slowly die units on eight LFVs and two WHVs (the latter for the first time ever) of lead poisoning. and collected blood samples from 218 WBVs, 12 LVs and two WHVs Vultures across the globe vultures face a highly uncertain fu- in several locations across Botswana to test for lead levels. Our ture. These three vignettes represent some of the greatest threats transmittered birds range over most of Botswana and some into to vultures today: intentional poisoning by poachers worried that neighboring Namibia and South Africa. We hope to fit additional vultures will reveal their location; non-target poisoning by ranch- birds with telemetry units in 2014, including on WBVs, and to ers frustrated by conflicts with carnivorous mammals; and unin- begin tracking nesting ecology for all three species. tentional poisoning by hunters and game ranchers who use lead Important components of our programs in both Mongolia and ammunition to hunt animals. Botswana include education and outreach campaigns, work with At Denver Zoo we work to conserve vultures on three conti- policy makers and capacity building among local people. Local nents. Our two most robust programs focus on Cinereous vultures and Denver staff members educate people about the importance of (CVs, Aegypius monachus) in Asia and several vulture species in vultures as nature’s recyclers, the benefits of removing carcasses southern Africa. We also breed Andean condors (Vultur gryphus) to from the landscape, the dangers of spreading poisons and pesti- reintroduce and restore them in Columbia. We experience daunt- cides and the risks that lead ammunition poses. We also work with ing challenges in partnership with exceptional collaborators. But officials to encourage the use of non-lead ammunition, to increase the work is important and rewarding. anti-poaching activities and to pass laws and regulations to ensure In 2003, Denver Zoo took up the vulture cause starting in the survival of vultures. Finally, we firmly believe that long-term Mongolia’s Ikh Nart Nature Reserve as part of our larger program success requires developing local talent. Our young Mongolia, to understand and conserve this beautiful northern Gobi Desert Korean and Botswana students and collaborators hold the best ecosystem. Unlike Europe and western Asia, where the species hope for saving the vultures that serve their countries. has declined dramatically, CVs continue to fare well in Mongolia. Ikh Nart supports one of the world’s largest breeding populations. Richard P. Reading, PhD is the Vice President for Main threats to CVs and other Eurasian vultures include uninten- Conservation at the Denver Zoo tional poisoning, direct persecution by herders who mistakenly believe that they prey on livestock and humans disturbing nest sites. We initially studied CV nesting ecology focusing on the factors that influence nesting success – raising a chick to fledgling age. Today, we also study the birds’ migration and foraging patterns and survivorship. Every year we monitor approximately 70 vulture pairs (more than 600 pairs since the study began) and, to date, have put solar-powered, backpack telemetry units on nine adults and nine fledglings. Our findings have shed light on CV ecology. More im- portantly, they have led to concrete conservation outcomes. For example, our data convinced local governments to expand Ikh Nart to include important vulture habitat. Working with colleagues from South Korea we also discovered that only immature vultures seem- ingly migrate, primarily back and forth from Mongolia to South Korea. How young birds learn these migratory routes remains a mystery we hope to unravel. In the meantime, mapping migration patterns will help us identify important habitats to protect in China and North Korea. In 2012, we began our Botswana vulture project, which is developing rapidly. We study the ecology of lappet-faced vultures (LFVs, Torgos tracheliotos), white-headed vultures (WHVs, Trigonoceps oc- cipitalis) and white-backed vultures (WBVs, Gyps africanus). The IUCN lists LFVs and WHVs as Threatened and WBVs, formerly the most common vulture in southern Africa, as Endangered due to their rapid declines. We test blood lead levels of all birds we capture and our initial results are alarming. Almost a quarter of the birds we tested have a high quantity of lead coursing through their blood. High lead levels are fatal and lower levels reduce reproduc-

January 2014 CONNECT 15 CONSERVATION IN YOUR BACKYARD A Small Zoo’s Perspective

inder Park Zoo is situated in a rural commu- Bnity in Battle Creek, Mich. We are fortunate to be the stewards of 433 acres of natural habitat. Though we have a small animal collection, we have a large amount of land with complex habitats. Our property consists of thick forests with open grassland and plentiful wetlands that include a rare prairie fen habitat. The Zoo is self-supporting and receives no tax dollars. We must run like a small business and keep a balanced budget as we rely on gate fees, gift sales, concession sales, donations and grants to fund our operation. This can be a challenge when it comes to supporting conservation programs.

We believe conservation has to begin in our own backyard and that is our main focus. While we participate in over thirty-six American Zoo and Aquarium (AZA) Species Survival Plans® (SSPs) and contribute funds to several SSP endorsed conservation programs, we believe our biggest impact is right here in Michigan. For over twenty years, we have partnered with Michigan State University and the Kellogg Biological Station to breed and re-introduce trumpeter swans back into the state. Staff members work closely with the Michigan Department of Natural Resources to monitor and hand-rear the endangered piping plover on the shores of Lake Michigan every year. We are a partner in the Michigan Bird Conservation Initiative, a cooperative program between state agencies, zoos and conservation organizations, to promote and provide information on bird conservation

16 CONNECT January 2014 By Jenny Barnett in our state. Working with the U.S. Forest Service, we provide partnered with Michigan Audubon to provide trained staff to help staff each year to monitor populations of the Karner Blue but- monitor the warbler populations. Each volunteer is required to terfly, found only in a few counties in Michigan. participate for a minimum of five years, eliminating the need to One of our more recent efforts involves the Kirtland’s warbler continuously train new volunteers. When there are new recruits, (Dendroica kirtlandii), a bird with a total reliance on the jack pine they are partnered with an experienced volunteer for their first forest ecosystem which, in turn, is totally dependent on fire. year and the training is very hands on. Kirtland’s warblers winter The warbler is picky and will only nest on the ground at the edge in the Bahamas and make their way back to Michigan in mid-May. of thick, shrubby jack pines between five and twenty years old. The census work is conducted for one to two weeks in early June, Wildfires naturally regenerate this habitat of deep thickets inter- after the birds have paired up for the season. The observers are out twined with large openings. The Kirtland’s warbler was found before first light, listening for singing males in remote but spe- exclusively in the northern lower peninsula of Michigan where cifically designated areas. Orienteering skills are required and the jack pine and wildfires were once common. The bird has probably terrain can be difficult to navigate. Since the brush is extremely always been rare, as it was not even discovered until 1903 in Oscoda thick, it can be very challenging to actually see the Kirtland’s war- County. Until recently, the only nesting sites ever found were bler. Listening for the singing males is a much more effective way within a sixty mile radius of the original 1903 sighting. Due to the to count the birds. As of 2012, there were over 2,000 established introduction of homes and businesses into the Kirtland’s range, pairs recorded during the census, greatly exceeding the original fire suppression became the norm and wildfires were no longer goal of re-establishing 1,000 pairs in the state. Thanks to new for- allowed to burn naturally. When fire suppression limited the war- est management techniques, a few warblers have even been found bler’s habitat, their numbers began to decline. They were dealt a in Wisconsin and Ontario, Canada. There has been discussion second blow when brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater) began recently about taking the warbler off the endangered species list in to parasitize their nests much more easily. By 1971, there were only the near future. Working with local conservation programs is not 200 pairs of Kirtland’s warblers left, landing the bird on the fed- only more affordable for small zoos, it is also extremely rewarding eral endangered species list. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, as the impact is felt throughout the community. Making a differ- Michigan Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Forest Service ence does not mean you must travel thousands of miles. There is and several other conservation organizations and universities no place like home to contribute to a conservation project. took action and began a 40-year effort to recover this rare species.

The program has focused on new forest management techniques, Jenny Barnett is the Director of Wildlife, Conservation brown-headed cowbird population control and public educa- and Education at the Binder Park Zoo tion. In 2001, an annual census was created to count the number of singing males in established territories. Binder Park Zoo has

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January 2014 CONNECT 17 MANED WOLF CONSERVATION In Mar De Ansenuza Reserve, Córdoba, Argentina

he maned wolf (Chrysocyon Tbrachyurus) was classified in 2006 as an endangered wild canid in Argentina by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and it is clasiffied as Critically Endangered by the Argentinean Mastozology Association (Sarem, 2012).

18 CONNECT January 2014 By Paula Gonzalez Ciccia ajor threats to the conservation of the maned wolf in- a perception study that we started in 2009 (N:278) in which the 76 clude traffic accidents, habitat destruction caused by percent of the people who were interviewed said that they were in- Magricultural activities, persecution as predators of live- terested in maned wolf conservation. We continued in 2011/12 with stock, and diseases from domestic dogs (Rodden et al., 2004). student interviews (N:579) about knowledge of the species, and we As a result of its solitary habits and relatively large home range, also develop interviews each time we worked in the field (N: 32). maned wolves live in low density areas. This is an important dis- Decrease the Effects of Human Activities advantage when researching the population’s ecology and wild We developed different strategies in order to achieve this goal and behaviour. The known natural history of this species in Argentina to increase the positive perception and the value that local commu- is based on anecdotal evidence gathered over large temporal and nities have of the species. We also worked to include landowners spatial scales. The ecological and behavioural information comes and farmers in the maned wolf’s conservation actions. We hold re- mainly from protected areas in Brazil. There is little available infor- gional workshops and have developmed a conservation education, mation about the species and many of the conservation actions are research and legislative policy plan in the province. based on poor biological and ecological information (Soler, 2009). This project raises public awareness and appreciation of wild- Little is known of the maned wolf’s status in the province of life conservation issues, not only in local communities but in a na- Cordoba. This species was considered extinct in the area decades tional scale as well. Reintroductions and what people can observe ago, but the presence of some individuals has been recorded and with the monitoring of these animals are powerful tools that have now it is a known that they live in the area. allowed us to communicate a compelling conservation message. Fundación Temaikén’s Maned Wolf Conservation Project’s vi- Educational activities stimulate conservation action, integrating sion consists of ensuring the presence of the species in their children and adults in different strategies of the project. The proj- habitats, and engendering respect and appreciation for them in ect considers the community’s needs and the relationship between local communities now and in the future. Fundación Temaikén’s landowners and the environment, in order to engage them in man- contributes to maned wolf conservation by treating injured ani- agement and conservation. mals in a rescue and rehabilitation center and through education The outcomes of this project are: and community outreach efforts aimed at decreasing the effects • The determination of the relative abundance of the maned of human activities that are impacting the survival of this species. wolf in different habitats of Córdoba In collaboration with the Environment Gubernamental Agency in the province, Fundación Temaikén is working on several differ- • A full description of people’s perception and valuation in ent maned wolf conservation strategies. terms of knowledge, attitudes and actions. Reintroduction of Individuals that were • The implementation of management recommendations to Rehabilitated in the Center decrease the threat to the population. The first maned wolf was reintroduced in 2010, after being confis- • The increase in the survival expectancy of reintroduced ani- cated and then moved to Temaiken for rehabilitation. The maned mals by involving local people in conservation. wolf was released in its natural habitat and monitored with VHF • Increase the commitment of people and how they value the tecnology. An educational campaing was carried out to support species as a key conservation actor. Grow the understanding this action. of the important role the maned wolf plays in protecting of Field Studies to Determine the Relative the environment. Abundance of the Species Fundación Temaikén’s developed a fingerprint and feces registra- tion protocol that allows us to estimate the abundance of maned Paula Gonzalez Ciccia is the Threatened Species Conservation Program Coordinator at Fundación Temaikèn. wolves in any given area. The MACN conducts genetic studies She can be reached at [email protected] using feces to confirm the presence and number of animals in the region. During the monitoring to estimate the maned wolf’s abundance in the region, 72 km were covered in 13 transects. Sampling References: was conducted in grassland, open scrub and wetlands. The relative Rodden, M.; Rodrigues, F. & Bestelmeyer, S. 2004. Maned wolf. Chrysocyon abundance of the species was 0.39 footprint/km. Sixty five and half brachyurus. Pp: 38-55. In: Canid, Foxes, Jackals and Dogs. Status survey and con- percent of the evidence corresponds to footprints and 37.5 percent servation Action Plan. (Sillero-Zubiri, C.; Hoffmann, M. & Macdonald, D.W., in feces. editors). Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. 430 pp. In addition, in October 2013, we started a study with camera Sarem, 2012. Libro Rojo mamíferos amenazados de la Argentina. Sociedad traps in places where the presence of the species was confirmed by Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos. indirect signals. Soler, L.; Cáceres, F.; Palacios González, M.J.; Rodden, M.; Carenton, J.M.; Diagnosis of the Species’s Social Perception Minini, S. & Casanave, E.B. 2009. Conservation perspective on Maned wolf in Local Communities Chrysocyon brachyurus in Argentina. Pp: 169. 10 th International Mammalogical Social diagnosis is achieved by interviewing local representatives Congress. Mendoza. Abstract N° 349. of different groups: landowners, hunters, farmers or smallhold- ers, senior citizens, teachers, etc. This data collection completed

January 2014 CONNECT 19 20 in memoriam

CONNECT graduate training.Ifyouwishtocontribute,pleasecontact LesliCreedonat [email protected]. establishing the“Russ GreenbergFellowshipFund”at theSmithsonian Migratory BirdCentertosupportgraduate andpost doctoral scholars,graduate students,andresearchinterns. To honorhimandtoensurehisimportantworkcontinues,we are sciences tomillionsofguestseachyear. House renovations intheyearstocome,“Marvelous Migrations” will helptoensureRuss’s legacybybringingthe ornithological Bird Housethepublic“store front”highlighting thescienceandmarvels ofbirdmigrations. Aswe move forwardwithBird breeding areas,nowcelebrated at 700venues throughout theWestern hemisphere. AndRuss hadavisionformakingtheZoo’s bird migration. HefoundedMigratory BirdDay, afestivaltocelebrate thearrivalofmigratory songbirdsbacktotheirnorthern an importantroleintheregulation ofavianbodytemperature. emerging andsurprisingrecognitionthat, beyondtheirobviousutilityfornabbinginsectsandhullingseeds,birdbeaks serve into avianbehavior, evolution, andecology. Hismostrecentworkbroughtecologicalandevolutionaryevidencetobearonan and rustyblackbirds.Fromobservations oftheseunder-appreciated specieshederived anumberofgroundbreakinginsights subtly colored fliers in lowland tropical forests andwetlands includingwinteringwarblers, vireos, antwrens, swamp sparrows took at theBerkeleyBowlsupermarket. liked touseinhistalks–supposedlyanaerialviewoflowlandtropicalforest,butactuallyaphotothebroccolidisplay he house, butalsorecognizedforhisexceedinglydryhumorandflawlessdeadpan.Colleaguesstilltalkaboutthecolor slidehe Bachelor’s degreeandPhDinzoologyfromtheUniversity ofCaliforniaat Berkeley. Russ wasknown asanintellectualpower- State insearchofbirdsandearninga youth, hitchhikingaroundtheGolden passion forornithologythroughouthis sightings at ageeight and maintaineda list”ofbird to birds.Hestartedhis“life Friendly coffee. criteria nowusedinSmithsonianBird developing therigorous science-based coffee asabird-friendlyproduct,andfor invented theconceptof“shade-grown” bird populations, andaninnovator who tous declineinNeotropicalmigratory among thefirsttorecognizeaprecipi- colleague. He was a visionary who was Russ wasatreasuredfriend,mentorand Smithsonian Migratory BirdCenter. ing ornithologistandfounderofthe S Russell Greenberg, SmithsonianNational Zoo IN MEMORIAM

January 2014 Russ waspassionate aboutgraduate andpostgraduate training,andheserved asamentororadvisortomorethan70post- Russ wasastrongadvocate forscienceeducation andforinspiringthepublicaboutwondersgreat phenomenonof Eschewing thecharismatic speciesthat attract somanybirders,Russ dedicated mostofhiscareertostudiesnature’s more Russ displayedaprecociousaffinity of Russell Greenberg,apioneer- deeply saddened by the passing taff at theNational Zooare 21

member news CONNECT CONNECT

22 page , January 2014 January 2014 continued , notes how, “A four- “A , notes how, ong , Friends of the Zoo chair. , Friends of the Zoo chair. L en e z ll a h C ene

d With these funds, the Zoo has built Charity Navigator works to help works to help Charity Navigator Director, Zoo Executive Chattanooga ar ary The Phoenix Zoo in Phoenix, Ariz., an- of rais- nounced it has reached its goal ing $22.5 million for its first major capi- it to fund several allowing tal campaign, a projects on the way toward creating Class City. Class Zoo for a World World or is building three major state-of-the- D L GOA REACHES PHOENIX ZOO G GN L CAMPAI CAPITA FOR star rating from Charity Navigator ac- Navigator Charity from rating star commitment to knowledges the Zoo’s act as a good steward of donor funds positive a as role our reaffirming while force in the local community.” “This award not only reflects our trans- but more im- parency and credibility, commitment to portantly our staunch - and conserva our mission of education tion.” giv- make intelligent charitable givers ing decisions by providing information na- charities thousand five than more on their finan- tionwide and by evaluating each charity’s cial health. It calculates broad criteria, score based upon several including how much is spent per dollar toof funds goes percentage what raised, and fund- vs. administrative programs raising expenses, and the organization’s - long-term financial health. It then as with four from one to four, a rating signs being the best rating. Denver Zoo Primate Team Primate Zoo Denver A ZOO GA ZOO S CHATTANOO The Zoo’s team has excelled in the The Zoo’s The award was named for Jean M. “We are honored to receive Charity are honored to receive “We team of Jessica Grote, Samantha Smith, Jeremiah Cummins, Jennifer Hickman and Michelle Jordan was honored at Conference in last year’s National N.C., in September. Greensboro, behavior areas of animal husbandry, in- and volunteer teen management, - ternship programs and public educa - tion. Their combined activities and par in professional development, ticipation conserva- bison and papers publishing also lauded. tion project were - Hromadka in memory of her outstand ing contributions to the furtherance of AAZK through her work as president of Winners must excel in the association. animal man- areas including zoology, and agement, behavioral observation daily record keeping on the species in their care. ATOR GATOR CHARITY NAVI D AWAR largest and America’s Charity Navigator, of most-utilized independent evaluator awarded the Chattanooga has charities, the pres- Tenn., in Chattanooga, Zoo, - for good gover four-star rating tigious nance, sound fiscal management and commitment to accountability and Zoo is The Chattanooga transparency. with currently the only zoo in Tennessee a four-star rating. remarks rating,” highest Navigator’s G RATIN FOUR-STAR

Denver Zoo in Denver Colo., announced Colo., Zoo in Denver Denver caring its “NeoMonks Team,” that for new world monkeys, has been se- Awards lected by the Association’s an American Committee to receive of Zookeepers’ Jean M. Association Hromadka Excellence in Animal Care which recognizes outstanding Award, in the animal care field achievement and in fostering professionalism. The M TEA PRIMATE DENVER ZOO LLENCE L EXCE WINS NATIONA D IN ANIMAL CARE AWAR ) may ) may Whale sharks (Rhincodon typus fish, commonlybe the world’s largest in length, thirty feet growing to over their lives little is known about but very As public interest the surface. beneath due to an emer- in whale sharks grows ecotour- gent and largely unregulated - of the eigh ism industry and because passed have teen million visitors that in Atlanta, through Georgia Aquarium’s - Ga., doors since 2005, the desire to un derstand these gentle giants is steadily October 6-10 on why is That increasing. Thirdhosted the Aquarium 2013 Georgia Whale Shark Conference. International in conferences previous two After Australia (2005) and Mexico (2008) where whale sharks are geographically found, 2013 marked the first time this - a landlocked lo conference was held at an aquarium. Presentation or at cation regu- topics ranged from government and on whale shark harvesting lation - and migra ecotourism to population were tion studies and beyond. Delegates special speaking en- to two very treated Guy Harvey, Dr. gagements as well. pre- who was also a presenting sponsor, miered his movie “Whale Sharks of the Geographic pho- and National Yucatan” was the keynote Brian Skerry, tographer, sixty delegates Approximately speaker. countries made this from about twenty conference a truly global experience. HOSTS M HOSTS GEORGIA AQUARIU L THE THIRD INTERNATIONA CONFERENCE WHALE SHARK MEMBER NEWS MEMBER MEMBER NEWS

art animal exhibits, a multi-purpose Dapeer, a 30-year member of the Zoo Nina Mason Pulliam Charitable Trust, education and event center, a dramatic and cherished volunteer. as a supporter of the Phoenix Zoo, from new front entry and a new volunteer and “The Nina Mason Pulliam Charitable our first days, takes great pleasure in administration facility. It also funded a Trust is proud to be part of the Phoenix topping off the Zoo’s current capital maintenance endowment to offset ad- Zoo’s expansion,” said Carol Peden campaign with a $500,000 grant, which ditional operational expenses from the Schilling, chair of the Nina Mason will complete the costs of building the new facilities. Pulliam Charitable Trust. “Mrs. Pulliam’s Sumatran Tiger Experience and Exhibit. It These upgrades were necessary to en- love of animals made her a great friend will create a new educational experience sure the Zoo – one of the nation’s larg- to the Zoo in its earliest years, and the for the Zoo, and enhance the Zoo’s con- est private, nonprofit, accredited zoos Trust continues her tradition of helping servation efforts of a critically endan- – remains on the leading edge of wildlife the Zoo expand and improve, becoming gered species.” conservation and education, and to pro- a world-class resource of conservation Here is the list of Phase I projects and vide an experience worthy of its guests. and education. Great institutions must details: The Zoo would like to thank each always be growing and changing as the • Land of the Dragons opened in and every generous contributor through Zoo is today. Nina, my aunt, would be late 2009 and features a tropical- the years, from school children who amazed at what the Phoenix Zoo has themed environment and views donated jars of pennies on field trips become for all of us, and for the welfare of the planet’s largest lizard, the to their biggest benefactors who gave of the animal kingdom.” Komodo dragon. Sadly, the Zoo’s bountiful gifts. We could not create a “The Phoenix Zoo has long been a two mature dragons, Ivan and World Class Zoo for a World Class City case study in great community involve- Gaia, passed away in September, without the support of our entire com- ment not only in fundraising for con- but the Zoo earlier in 2013 received munity. tinuous improvement, but also in the two baby lizards that eventually The final contributions that allowed creation of ways to bring the commu- will be moved into the enclosure. the Zoo to reach its capital campaign nity together through the celebration Cost: $1,170,872. goal were a $500,000 grant from the of the world’s natural heritage,” said • The Orang-Hutan: “People of the Nina Mason Pulliam Charitable Trust Dr. Edmund Portnoy, the trust’s direc- Forest” exhibit opened in early and a significant estate gift from Bobbie tor of grants programs, Arizona. “The

22 CONNECT January 2014 member news 2011 and showcases the intel- campus. This center will showcase A permanent endowment fund ligence and charisma of the the Zoo’s commitment to conser- perpetuates the financial health Bornean orangutan, an amaz- vation and green practices. This of the Zoo and diversifies the in- ing and endangered species. will break ground in January 2014. stitution’s source of funding. Cost: $4,018,033. Cost: $6,200,000. Raised: $2,000,000. • The C.W. & Modene Neely Education • The Sumatran Tiger Experience and What’s to come: Phase II of the Zoo’s and Event Center opened in June Exhibit will provide capacity for capital campaign includes proposed 2012 and provides educational, en- several Sumatran tigers, one of the projects to enhance the Africa Trail, tertainment and event capabilities most rare and endangered of the Tropics Trail, Conservation Center and previously unavailable at the Zoo. five remaining tiger sub-species. a 500-seat Children’s Trail amphitheater. Cost: $2,972,691. Fewer than 500 survive in the In all, it will comprise 11 projects total- • A new Entry Oasis opened in late wild. They love water, and their ing $12.1 million. new home will include features 2012 and provides an exciting, in- ROGER WILLIAMS PARK for swimming and lounging. The spirational welcome with a stroll ZOO HONORED FOR Zoo will participate in the Species across a renovated bridge, glimpses CONSERVATION WORK Survival Plan®, which monitors of resident turtles and waterfowl Roger Williams Park Zoo in Providence, and a native species exhibit fea- and manages the breeding of endangered species in zoos. This R.I., was honored on 5 October in turing vultures and tortoises. Concord, N.H., by that state’s Fish Cost: $3,775,895. will break ground in April 2014. Cost: $2,000,000. and Wildlife Department for signifi- • The Doornbos Volunteer and cant contributions to its Nongame and • Administrative Center will provide Endowment: A strong endow- Endangered Wildlife Program endan- centralized office space for the ment will generate interest in- gered species recovery efforts. The Zoo Zoo’s dedicated staff and volunteer come that will help offset the was honored in the team category for its workforce. Previously, offices were increased operating cost and assistance and expertise in the Karner housed in various mismatched and provide resources for long-term inefficient buildings and even off- maintenance of these facilities. continued, page 24 When Every Shot Counts....

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January 2014 CONNECT 23 MEMBER NEWS Northeast Brine Shrimp P.O.Box 1020 Oak Hill, FL 32759 blue butterfly, timber rattlesnake and New England cottontail areas of the program. The Zoo’s partners on these teams include regional Ph: (386) 345-‐3333 state fish and wildlife and environmental management depart- ments, universities, environmental organizations, and others. The award ceremony, which also honored other projects, took place at Live Food the Grappone Center in Concord, N.H. Specialists The Karner blue butterfly must lay its eggs on wild lupine plants (Lupinus perennis) because that is the only plant the hatched larvae can eat. Karner blues historically could be found in 12 northern Est. 1984 states and in Ontario, Canada. They can now be found only in Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, Ohio, New York, Now Available! and Wisconsin. The lupine plant, so vital to the creature’s life cycle can only thrive in pine barrens with dry sandy and acidic soil, but Live White Shrimp Farmed Live Brine those habitats have largely been destroyed during industrial and (Penaeid setiferus) agricultural development. Now the lupine itself is endangered. Shrimp, Ghost Without it, the Karner blue larvae cannot survive. Shrimp, Saltwater Find details on Roger Williams Park Zoo’s contribution to this Feeder Shrimp and project here . The timber rattlesnake plays an important predator role in de- Feeder Fish ciduous forests, eating and therefore managing the populations of small mammals, birds and sometimes lizards, frogs and other www.LiveBrineShrimp.com snakes. In turn, these snakes provide an important food source for larger predators like hawks, bobcats, coyotes and foxes, and other snakes will prey on young timber rattlers. Nevertheless, as one of New England’s few venomous snake species, this animal’s survival is seriously threatened, primarily due to human fear and actions. It’s territories have declined from 31 states to 27, and populations have been completely extirpated from Maine, Rhode Island, central New Hampshire, most of Vermont, Long Island, and eastern and northern Ohio, and probably from Michigan and possibly from Delaware. Currently, nine states (including all New England states) and the Province of Ontario offer the timber rattlesnake some form of protection, listing it as threatened or endangered, or having a restricted or no-take policy. Fifteen other states have general regulations that protect some or all herpetofauna (the class of animals that includes amphibians and reptiles) and therefore the timber rattlesnake by default. This serious concern is multiplied by the fact that since 2009, timber rattlesnakes from separate populations in eastern, central and western Massachusetts have been found to have significant disease identified as fungal dermatitis. This disease has been previously documented by scientists as a cause of morbidity and mortality in both captive and free-ranging viperidae (venomous viper taxon) snakes. The rare New England cottontail rabbit, a native rabbit once abundant throughout the region has dwindled severely since the 1930s when the non-native Eastern cottontail was introduced from Missouri by hunters. The species now is believed to be extirpated from Vermont, with sparse populations throughout the rest of New England. Recent population surveys conducted by staff wildlife biologists from the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management’s Division of Fish and Wildlife and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service documented only one occurrence of New England cottontail in Rhode Island.

24 CONNECT January 2014

GREEN TALES Water Conservation at Shedd Aquarium by Bob Wengel, Vice President, Facilities and Madeline Caldwell, Assistant, Great Lakes & Sustainability

f we want to be an industry that lives our missions and the issue, staff began reusing water from some fish systems as inspires guests to make a difference, we have to tackle water make-up for cetacean systems. Ione very challenging area of operation: water use. Water Now, Shedd is exploring opportunities to reuse water or use efficiency is central to the long-range sustainability plan at rainwater in outdoor water features. Staff is also looking be- the John G. Shedd Aquarium in Chicago, Ill. Located on Lake yond the aquarium’s walls. Electricity production requires tre- Michigan’s shores, the Aquarium is committed to Great Lakes mendous amounts of water. Shedd’s Master Energy Roadmap protection and knows that it can lead regional water conserva- aspires to reduce our energy use 50 percent by 2020, which tion efforts by example. By 2018, Shedd plans to reduce its use also helps us minimize water use. of new water by 50 percent over 2007 levels without compro- Getting Started mising world-class animal care or guest experience. From 59 million gallons to 27 million in six years: How are we getting Where should your facility begin? We’d recommend starting it done? with a third party water audit, then having your facilities staff review and analyze the data. Once you understand where water Shedd’s Water Efforts is used, you can choose “low hanging fruit” such as fixing In 2008, an external water audit provided Shedd staff with leaks or installing water efficient fixtures. It is also important green tales the data needed to analyze consumption levels. Once it was to continue monitoring water use so you can spot any fluc- understood where the water was going, staff identified and ad- tuations that may signal that something is awry. Educating, dressed high-priority projects, which included commonsense engaging and encouraging staff and guests to be part of water steps like fixing leaks and replacing inefficient and old plumb- saving efforts are critical to the success of your reduction plan. ing. The Aquarium invested in water-efficient fixtures and Once the easy changes are made, look beyond your facility. engaged staff in water friendly practices. Daily meter reads to Many community partners and local experts can help your spot anomalies and make timely repairs were also undertaken. facility find innovative solutions to continue reducing your At Shedd, the cooling tower for the chiller plant accounted water use. In the end, the efforts will pay off – for your bottom for about 50 percent of Shedd’s annual water use, so the old line, but also for the impacts that you’ll have on the aquatic equipment was replaced with more efficient models that save systems that support us all. money, energy and water. Staff made sure that when the new chiller plant and cooling tower was designed, that it had the Bob Wengel is the Vice President, Facilities capacity to handle the cooling load of smaller units and a at the Shedd Aquarium newly created tenant condenser water loop that is tied directly to our main cooling tower condenser loop. After researching Madeline Caldwell is Assistant of Great Lakes & Sustainability

26 CONNECT January 2014 CONSERVATION SPOTLIGHT Tampa's Lowry Park Zoo conservation spotlight

t the 2010 AZA Annual Conference, the manage animals outdoors, year-round, in natural habitats, we Field Conservation Committee set an are connecting our collection to wild places in our efforts to Aaspirational goal that in three years, leave the world a little better than we found it.” every member institution would be dedicating three percent of its operating budget annually Tampa’s Lowry Park Zoo to field conservation. Each month, this feature Conservation Facts will highlight the work of one of the zoos or • The Zoo’s David A. Straz Jr. Manatee Hospital is the only non- aquariums that have achieved this goal and how profit acute care facility in the world specifically dedicated to they have made field conservation an integral manatees. To date, the Zoo has treated more than 325 manatees part of the work they do. for a variety of severe illnesses and catastrophic injuries (more than six percent of the state’s estimated wild population). Nearly 200 of those patients have been successfully rehabili- Mission tated and reintroduced into Florida waters. The mission of Tampa’s Lowry Park Zoo is “to connect people with the living earth.” All of the Zoo’s exhibits and • Not only was the Zoo the first wildlife institution in North programs are designed to engage and inspire visitors to America to hatch a rare African shoebill stork chick in 2009 but treasure the natural world and act wisely on its behalf. The they have also contributed to the conservation of this species Zoo is also dedicated to serving as an educational resource in the wild, supporting researcher Jasson John and his study of for the community and providing an exciting, nature-based the ecology of the shoebill in Tanzania. entertainment destination. • The Zoo welcomed its first successful okapi calf in January 2013. The Zoo provides annual funds to support the Okapi Conservation Efforts Conservation Project, founded in 1987, to secure a protected Tampa’s Lowry Park Zoo is dedicated to preserving the area in the Ituri Forest region of the Democratic Republic of natural heritage we share as home to the most comprehen- Congo for the okapi and other native species. sive collection of Florida’s endangered species found in any wildlife facility. In 2004, the State of Florida recognized our • The Zoo is one of a select few that has a breeding group of efforts and declared the Zoo a state center for Florida species endangered Puerto Rican crested toads. To date, efforts have conservation and biodiversity. produced more than 3,000 tadpoles returned to Puerto Rico for In addition to Florida wildlife, the Zoo is home to many release into the wild in cooperation with the SSP. Additionally, species endangered or threatened in the wild from habitats several dozen toadlets have been raised at the Zoo to ensure similar to our own – Africa, Asia, Australia, and Central and continued genetic diversity of the species. South America. The Zoo participates in more than 90 AZA Species Survival Plans® (SSP). TLPZ Conservation Success Story “A modern zoo provides people unique opportunities to In the early 1950s, wildlife in the country of Swaziland had appreciate the variety of life on earth, to get close enough been severely decimated by rampant hunting and habitat loss. to care, and care enough to act,” said Craig Pugh, executive One family, the Reillys, recognized this loss and began a tire- director/CEO, Tampa’s Lowry Park Zoo. “With the ability to less crusade which led to the establishment of three National Parks and the beginning of wildlife conservation in Swaziland. For a decade, Tampa’s Lowry Park Zoo has committed annual funds in support of the Swaziland conservation program which has helped to fund the acquisition of additional conservation land, equip anti-poaching programs and expand public education. Results to date include expansion of the Mkhaya Game Reserve by ten percent, which promotes the survival of elephants and thousands of other animals found in this protected area. To learn more visit www.lowryparkzoo.com.

January 2014 CONNECT 27 s simple as it might first sound, “animal welfare” is not easy to define. From studies of farm animals, as well Aas zoo and aquarium animals, welfare includes focus on both an animal’s physical health and its psychological well- being. Health is fairly straightforward – a healthy animal is one that is free of injuries or diseases. The concept of psychological well-being is more difficult to understand and assess because it involves us doing our best to understand an animal’s feelings and perceptions. Ways that we assess psychological well-being include con- firming an animal’s opportunities to make changes – if it’s hungry, it can seek food; if it’s sleepy, it can find a comfortable place to rest; if it’s scared, it can find a safe place to retreat. We also want to confirm that an animal has opportunities to exhibit species-typical behaviors like digging, dust-bathing, swimming, or nesting. We provide for our animals’ physical and psychological needs through good exhibit design, comprehensive veteri- ANIMAL nary care, scientific studies, balanced diet, and through good husbandry, training, and enrichment. In a broader sense, we enhance welfare by taking collective ownership of good animal welfare (“welfare is everyone’s job”). In future issues of WELFARE CONNECT, we will discuss roles of AZA committees as they relate to animal welfare and provide examples of what zoos and aquariums are doing to enhance welfare especially by using sci- he purpose of this series is to provide ence to better understand animals in our care. Tbackground and more in depth informa- “Animal Welfare” vs. “Animal Rights” – tion about the topic of animal welfare, the What’s the Difference? goals and objectives of the Animal Welfare “Animal rights” and “animal welfare” are sometimes used inter- Committee, and some examples of work changeably. What’s the difference between these two concepts? that’s being done to enhance welfare of zoo People involved in animal welfare ensure high quality standards of care for animals under human care. Animal rights and aquarium animals – Nadja Wielebnowski, advocates are concerned with legal and ethical rights of animals Animal Welfare Committee Chair. supporting the notion that animals should have some rights or even the same rights as humans. Animal welfare advocates look to science to provide measures for assessing care standards and potential needs for improvement. “Animal welfare” and “animal rights,” are complex philo- sophical concepts so it’s not surprising that the general public is often confused by these terms. In 2004, the AZA Animal Welfare Committee surveyed the general public to determine their understanding of the two terms. Most people who said they support animal “rights,” when questioned further, actually described support of animal welfare tenants – that animals under the care of humans should receive humane treatment. It’s an Art and a Science Animal care staff play a critical role in caring for animals and assuring that they are experiencing good welfare. Keepers and aquarists have an uncanny ability to perceive and intuit the welfare of animals they care for. Their perceptions and assess- ments of the health and well-being of individual animals under their care are cornerstones to good welfare. Recent tools have been developed and validated that capture caretakers’ perceptions in systematic and retrievable ways. In an upcoming issue of CONNECT, we will provide descriptions of some of these welfare assessment tools (e.g., WelfareTrak). Stay tuned.

By Jill Mellen, Education & Science Director, 28 CONNECT January 2014 Disney’s Animal Kingdom The animal welfare concepts that we apply in the zoo and there’s poor welfare.” My co-worker said, “Yes, but you hardly ever aquarium realm have their roots in studies conducted with farm want to talk about good welfare. When you say ‘welfare,’ it almost and lab animals. We’ve been able to build on results from studies always means a problem with welfare.” Hmm. Point taken. on cattle, pigs, chickens, and gerbils, adapting them to ask and an- The study of animal welfare has focused mostly on animals in swer welfare questions about species living in zoos and aquariums. situations where welfare could be improved. Historically, we have Collective scientific studies in both farm animals and zoo animals had “low hanging fruit,” i.e., immediate and obvious situations have demonstrated that there is no single measure of welfare, no where welfare of an individual is poor and we need to act immedi- single score. Welfare is based on physical, physiological, and psy- ately to improve that animal’s welfare. While it’s always critically chological health and is therefore best measured in multiple ways. important to remedy poor welfare, it’s equally important to iden- It’s tempting to think that monitoring cortisol would allow us tify and further enhance good welfare. Animal welfare scientists to measure stress in animals. We now know that elevated cortisol are increasingly looking for indicators of good welfare as much as can be an indicator of stress, excitement, or interest. Alone, cor- for indicators of poor welfare. tisol doesn’t tell an entire story about the welfare of an individual What does good welfare look like? It varies by species and by animal. However, in conjunction with other physiological and be- individual. In mammals, some indicators of good welfare include havioral measures, we begin to get a better understanding of an in- higher rates of exploration, play, and in social animals increases in dividual animal’s welfare. There are several recently published ex- grooming and less aggression. Some physical signs may include amples of animal welfare studies that take this broader approach: glossy fur, healthy feathers or scales, good muscle tone. A focus polar bears, elephants, great apes, and program animals. In future on welfare does not imply that “something is wrong.” A focus on issues, we will provide overviews of some of these studies. welfare instead demonstrates our commitment to always raising the bar, always challenging ourselves to enhance animal care, to Let’s Talk About Good Welfare minimize instances of poor welfare and constantly improve oppor- There seems to be a lot of angst around discussions of animal wel- tunities for good welfare. In our conversations with our colleagues, fare. Why is that? Does a focus on “animal welfare” imply a lack of co-workers, and our visitors, let’s portray animal welfare as a focus welfare? Does a focus on welfare imply something is wrong and we of pride in doing a good job and always planning for providing need to fix it? Definitely no, but… even better welfare. In a recent conversation with one of my co-workers, I said that I looked forward to talking to her about animal welfare. She replied, “Uh-oh.” I said, “Animal welfare isn’t bad. There’s good welfare and Jill Mellen is the Education & Science Director at Disney’s Animal Kingdom

January 2014 CONNECT 29 or many of us, our childhood was spent exploring an interest in animal Fcare. Whether it was surgical procedures on an entire plush collection or identi- fying a “new” native species in our backyard, a passion for animals was central to our formative years. Now that we’re established in our professional careers, we have the opportunity – and responsibility – to ignite that spark in the next generation of animal care professionals. A zoo in the heart of the Midwest is helping to do just that.

Wednesday and Friday mornings are a hub of activity at Sunset Zoo in Manhattan, Kan. Dr. James W. Carpenter, MS, DVM, Dipl ACZM, Professor of Zoological Medicine, and Dr. David Eshar, DVM, Dipl ABVP, Dipl ECZM, Assistant Professor of Zoological Medicine, at the Veterinary Health Center at Kansas State University (VHC), and their intern and team of talented students are on grounds providing medical care for the Zoo’s 200 INSPIRING THE plus animal residents. This highly skilled and special- ized service has been a staple of Sunset Zoo’s excellence in animal care for decades. “The level of veterinary care we provide our animals NEXT GENERATION is one-of-a-kind, particularly for a Zoo of our size,” said Scott Shoemaker, Zoo director. “And the impact of our partnership also reaches the entire AZA community. We often joke about ‘Jim’s kids’ but in all seriousness, OF ANIMAL CARE the training these students receive is the beginning to bright careers caring for animals in many of our institutions.” Sunset Zoo’s partnership with the VHC began in 1933 PROFESSIONALS with a passionate community member and University professor. Credited with founding Manhattan’s Zoo, Dr. E.J. Frick also served as the head of surgery and medicine at the VHC. In addition to preparing the next generation of animal health professionals, Dr. Frick By Ella Casey dedicated over 40 years of service to acquire, care for and exhibit Sunset Zoo’s animal collection. After 80 years, this partnership has blossomed into a unique relationship benefiting not only the Zoo’s animal collection but the students of Kansas State University and, ultimately, the Zoological Medicine career field. “Our community is very fortunate; specialists in exotic medicine and highly-skilled students provide a great deal of care to the Zoo’s animals, while also creating an opportunity for our students to receive front-line clinical training in the field of zoological medicine right here in the heartland,” said Dr. Roger B. Fingland, executive associate dean and director of the Veterinary Health Center at Kansas State University. Until recently, a majority of the veterinary care occurred on-grounds in a small, outdated clinic. Previously serving as the community’s animal shelter and part of the Zoo’s former administrative offices, the clinic met accreditation standards. While adequate, the facility simply was not commensurate with the quality of Sunset Zoo, the skill of the clinicians and students providing animal care, or the commitment to Sunset Zoo by the local community. However, in 2013 that all changed. Through the support of the VHC, Kansas State University Veterinary Clinical Outreach, Inc., the City of Manhattan and Sunset Zoo, as well as the Friends of Sunset Zoo, the Zoo’s veterinary clinic underwent a major facelift. With the moving of the Zoo’s administrative offices to the newly opened entryway facility, the Nature Exploration Center, the clinic has now expanded into the emptied space, almost quadrupling the area dedicated to on-grounds animal health. The former space now serves as a main exam room and is outfitted with over $50,000 of modern medical equipment. Several additions directly enhance animal care including a surgery room, pharmacy and laboratory space, and three rooms dedicated to animal holding and recovery. Other renovations include the addition of a library and conference room, as well as dedicated space to manage animal medical records. “Through these renovations, the quality of animal care and our clinical teaching is greatly enhanced and response times for medical emergencies reduced,” said Dr. Carpenter. “The new Clinic is the most exciting event that our Zoological Medicine Service has experienced in my 24 years overseeing veterinary care at Sunset Zoo. And while it is certainly a team effort, Dr. Fingland should be acknowledged as the visionary making it possible.” The renovated clinic was recently unveiled and is named in honor of Dr. Carpenter. Dr. Carpenter’s vision and commitment to wildlife care began at the age of 10. He has dedicated his professional life to the wildlife, zoo and exotic animal community and is deeply- respected by his peers. Dr. Carpenter’s contributions to the veterinary profession are significant and include authoring over 180 scientific papers and being active in several editorial capacities including editor of the journal Avian Medicine and Surgery. He authored the Exotic Animal Formulary, a quick reference guide to the drugs and dosages used to treat exotic animals. Dr. Carpenter has received numerous honors including Exotic DVM of the Year and Avian Practitioner of the Year. He has served as president of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians (AAZV) (1998-1999), president of the Association of Avian Veterinarians (2006- 2007) and president of the American College of Zoological Medicine (2008-2009). In 2004, he was recognized by the AAZV with the Emil Dolensek Award for exceptional contributions to the conservation, care and understanding of zoo and free-ranging wildlife. While certainly accomplished, Dr. Carpenter remains focused on developing the next generation of veterinarians. Each week, he guides interns and students through the ever-challenging process of providing an entire Zoo’s diverse animal collection with top-notch care. Currently, there are only 28 colleges of veterinary medicine in the U.S. While all offer some coursework in exotic animal medicine, only 16 of the colleges have a dedicated zoological medicine program. Kansas State University is certainly among a dedicated few. Nestled in the heart of the Midwest, students often arrive with interests in domestic pets, cattle and horses. However, through Dr. Carpenter’s leadership, these students are receiving a once-in-a-life opportunity to care for endangered species from around the globe – experiences that result in stronger clinicians and ignite the next generation of zoological medicine professionals.

Ella Casey is the Marketing/Development Officer at Sunset Zoo AZA_3.5W x 9.5H_2013 HiRes.indd 1 10/28/13 2:06 PM

January 2014 CONNECT 31 32 chair of the board

CONNECT MESSAGE FROMTHECHAIROFBOARD

Walt DisneyParks andResorts Vice President,Animals,Science andEnvironment J wild places. Here’s to ayear during whichwe take to newheights ourgoal to inspire people torespect, value and conserve wildlife and ner inthisgrowingeffort. attended theClintonGlobalInitiative meetingonwildlife traffickinglastmonth,continuingtoestablishAZAasakeypart- ivory crush,withinputfromavarietyofstakeholders.Related tothis,AZAVicePresidentforFederalRelations Steve Olson will beputtingtogetheradesign teamthat willincludedesigners and educators todevelop plansfor thematerials fromthe ivory crushaswell asplansforhowtohelpengageourzooandaquariumguestsinthis issue.Asanextstep, theAZA staff elephant ivorythat ithadbeenstockpilingsincethe1980s. TheAZAismovingforwardwithplansforthematerial fromthe AZA andotherconservation organizations, theUnitedStates FishandWildlifeServicedestroyedsixtonsofillegal African Finally, last month, I included in this column information on the ivory crush that took place in November. Working with bipartisan cosponsors.We onthislegislation willkeepyouup-to-date asitmoves forward. recognizes thethreat sharkfinningposestosharks,andcondemnsthepracticeworldwide.Theresolutioncurrently has90 that theUnitedStates shouldbanandprevent theimportofsharkfinsfromsharkscaught throughthepracticeoffinning, Representatives, H.Res. 285,byRepresentative Vern Buchanan(R-FL-16), expressingthesenseofHouseRepresentatives ing numberofstates. Momentumonsharkfinningcontinuestobuild.AresolutionhasbeenintroducedintheHouse of we want to make sure that the federal effort does not preempt or weaken the shark finning bans that already exist in a grow- are workingtoshapeproposedfederalrulesprevent thedestructive practiceofsharkfinninginU.S.waters. Inparticular, In theareaofgovernment affairs,Iwantedtobesurethat youareawarethat the AZAandanumberofaquariummembers this isakeyopportunityforAZAmemberstoengagevisitorsandotherstakeholdersoncriticalspeciesconservation issue. oped bymanyofourmembers.Harvesting palmoilisaseriousconservation issue,andtheBoardofDirectorsbelieves that both develop AZA’s positiononpalmoilandtopulltogetherthegreat resourcesonthistopicthat alreadyhave beendevel- Turning toworkrelated tosavingspeciesandengagingpeople,AZAismovingforwardestablishaPalmOilTask Forceto out over thetwoyearsofprogram.Participantsalsoarebeingassigned mentorsfromotherAZA-accreditedinstitutions. to beheldinconjunctionwiththeDirectors’Policy Conference,followed by web-based meetingsandstudyexercisesspread a newExecutive LeadershipDevelopment Program.Thepilotprogramislaunching thisyear, course andincludesatwo-day Additionally, aspartoftheProfessionalDevelopment program,theAZAishelpingtoensuresuperbfutureleadershipwith and networkingopportunities.Moreinformation ontheseandotherupcomingcoursescanbefoundtheAZAwebsite. January 2014 ackie

O g d en , P , h D courses aretaught byyourfellowzooandaquariumprofessionalsofferbothexcellentlearning Training CoursesinWheeling,W. Va. ThenextseriesofcourseswillbeofferedinFebruary. These of AZA-accreditedzoosandaquariums?First,Iwanttocallyourattention totheAZA’s Professional What’s moreappropriate toconsiderat thestartofanewyearthancultivation ofthefutureleaders Here areupdates onjustafew. serving ourmembershipandfurtheringworkrelated tosavingspeciesandengagingpeople. G Your Association isstartingofftheyearwithadiversity ofnoteworthyeffortsfocusedon reetings AZAmembersandstakeholders, births & hatchings 33

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G Z © Z C M © y b ran de oo oo ounty ee k au lw i 34 page , January 2014 January 2014 continued for this endangered species whose species whose for this endangered in the wild duenumbers are dwindling hunting, disease loss, illegal to habitat and pet trading. KEE WAU There are an estimated 190 captive 190 captive There are an estimated - These births also represent a sig NIFICANT BONOBO SIGNIFICANT BONOBO THE MIL AT BIRTHS ZOO COUNTY recently in- The bonobo population the birth of twocreased to 18 with County Zoo the Milwaukee females at Wisc. Thirteen-year-old in Milwaukee, 8 and 17-year- on May birth Elikia gave birth on June 29. This gave old Tamia for Elikia and thewas the second baby Both infants are nurs- first for Tamia. ing from their mothers and thriving. otherfor by being cared They are also bonobos. bonobos in Europe and North America combined, so each birth is significant Currently, population. overall the to ofone has Zoo County Milwaukee the bonobo collections. the largest captive accomplishment nificant conservation

The Granby Zoo participates in in participates Zoo Granby The On 1 July 2013, the Zoo’s six-year-old

the Species Survival Plan® (SSP) for both red pandas and snow leopards, had have species that two threatened past the Zoo in the breeding success at in the moun- years. Both species live of Central Asia, and are tain habitats listed on Appendix I of CITES. female red panda Kayah gave birth to gave female red panda Kayah one male and two females. Although it was the it was her third pregnancy, first time she had triplets and Kayah turned out to be an excellent mother. Since last spring, our red pandas are espe- exhibit new brand a in housed for them and it provides cially created conditions for mating the appropriate and rearing babies. For two months, only visible on live the babies were cameras installed in the nest boxes. their on out started to come They Panda own just in time for the Red the Zoo at Day celebrated International on 21 September 2013, showing the vis- they are. itors how curious and lively A female snow leopard, named Indira,A female snow leopard, Granby Zoo, at was born on 8 June 2013 cubs, born at Québec. Snow leopard with eyes closed,around 500 g (18 oz) rely entirely on are vulnerable and first three to fourtheir mother for the off- living fifth the is This months. Snowflake, anspring for our couple: aand Makalu, female eight-year-old nine-year-old respectively male. They came from Assiniboine Park Zoo, Hills Manitoba, in 2006 and Rolling 2005. in Kan., Wildlife Adventure, Due to Makalu’s calm behavior and instinct, strong maternal Snowflake’s decided to introduce the male we back with the female and the cub in other felines, snowUnlike September. leopard males can usually coexist with their offspring without any complica- tion. RECENT BIRTHS RECENT BIRTHS ZOO GRANBY AT BIRTHS & HATCHINGS BIRTHS BIRTHS & HATCHINGS

GIRAFFE CALF BORN AT Olivia arrived at Woodland Park In May of 2013, Woodland Park Zoo GREAT PLAINS ZOO AND in 2008 from Dickerson Park Zoo and introduced an adult pair of Asian small- DELBRIDGE MUSEUM OF her sister Tufani arrived in 2009 from clawed otters in its new exhibit, Bamboo NATURAL HISTORY Dickerson Park Zoo under a breeding Forest Reserve. This marked the first time The Great Plains Zoo and Delbridge recommendation made by the Giraffe the Zoo has displayed this species of Museum of Natural History in Sioux Species Survival Plan® (SSP). otter. Six weeks later, zookeepers heard Falls, S.D., announced the birth of a re- Triplet jaguars, two females and unusual, high-pitched squeals coming ticulated giraffe calf in September. The a male, were born in March of 2013 at from the den and saw signs of a newly- Zoo’s four-year-old reticulated giraffe Woodland Park Zoo to first-time parents, made bamboo nest and protective par- Solstice gave birth to her first calf, a male seven-year-old Nayla and 14-year-old fa- ent-like instincts. The new pair delivered weighing 146 pounds and standing about ther Junior. The last birth of jaguars at its first litter of pups. six feet tall. The giraffe was able to give the Zoo was in 1994. The girls, named The adults both arrived at Woodland birth on her own, while the Zoo’s veteri- Arizona and Inka, and the boy, named Park Zoo earlier this year, the male from nary and animal care staff monitored the Kuwan, made their public debut at three Zoo Atlanta and the female from Bronx birth through a viewing window in the months of age. Zoo. Giraffe Barn. The father arrived at Woodland Park Among this otter species, the father After a 15-month gestation, a giraffe Zoo in 2005 from Santa Cruz Zoo in and any older siblings play an important gives birth standing up, and the calf Bolivia under a collaborative conserva- role in raising the pups. “Since the pups drops more than five feet to the ground. tion program to help save the big cats were born, the four-year-old mom and The fall doesn’t hurt the calf; it just from extinction and to enhance the cap- eight-year-old dad never left their sides. causes it to take a breath. After about an tive gene pool in North America. The Both did a great job of parenting. While hour, the calf can stand up and walk. mother arrived in 2006 from Akron Zoo mom nursed, the dad pitched in for sup- “We are really excited about the birth in Ohio under a breeding recommenda- port in the den,” said Pat Owen, a collec- of a giraffe calf at the Zoo this year.” said tion made by the Jaguar SSP. Since the tion manager at the Zoo. Elizabeth A. Whealy, president and CEO father’s parents were wild-born and this This species of otter ranges through- of the Great Plains Zoo. is the first birth for both parents, the out southern and southeastern Asia, in- representation of their genes will be very cluding areas of India, Indonesian is- BIRTHS AT significant for the Jaguar SSP. lands, Malaysia, Southeast Asia, Taiwan, WOODLAND PARK ZOO The adult jaguars were first intro- southern China and Palawan in the Following a 15-month gestation, the duced in 2009. “Nayla gave birth last Philippines. Asian small-clawed otters tallest baby in Seattle was born in August to a stillborn, but it gave us hope spend more time on land than most ot- early August to Olivia, a six-year-old she could carry a full-term pregnancy,” ters. They use natural habitats of ponds Rothschild’s giraffe. The male giraffe said Mark Myers, a curator at Woodland and lakes, rivers and streams, coastal tide weighed in at 144 pounds and stood six Park Zoo. “Thanks to the dedication and pools and estuaries, freshwater and man- feet tall at birth. The newborn calf stood expertise among our animal care staff, grove swamps, and also human habitats, within 90 minutes after birth and began coupled with the comfort level between especially rice fields. nursing shortly after. Nayla and Junior, we’re very proud of the With rapidly declining habitat, range The birth marked the first viable birth successful birth of these three healthy and population, the Asian small-clawed of giraffes at the Zoo in 16 years and the cubs.” otter moved from near threatened status first offspring for Olivia and the father, Since its creation in 2003, Woodland in 2004 to the more serious vulnerable Chioke. Sadly, Chioke died in January of Park Zoo’s Jaguar Conservation Fund category in 2008. The population in the 2012. each year supports several field conser- wild is unknown, with some estimates Staff captured the birth and the calf’s vation projects dedicated to preserv- at 5,000 and others at far fewer. While struggle to stand on video. “We posted ing wild jaguars and their habitat. The all otter species have protected status the video of the birth on YouTube and Fund has made awards to 33 projects under Convention on International Trade distributed it to the press. He became an in eight Central and South American in Endangered Species (CITES) and kill- overnight sensation through the press countries for a total investment of ing is prohibited in most range coun- and on social media. Who knew the im- $102,806. Currently, the Zoo supports tries, enforcement remains very limited. pact of a baby giraffe could stretch across three projects in Mexico, Guatemala, and Poaching and water pollution remain its the world,” remarked Martin Ramirez, a Paraguay-Bolivia that all aim to reduce highest threats. curator at Woodland Park Zoo. conflict between people and jaguars.

34 CONNECT January 2014 births & hatchings

January 2014 January 2014 36 page , continued REVY’S ZEBRA BIRTH ANGERED GREVY’S LF CENTER ANGERED WO The population of Grevy’s zebra has declined by moreby declined has zebra Grevy’s of population The Busch Gardens’ guests can view the baby, parents and Busch Gardens’ guests can view the baby, Brooke is a 13-year old Grevy’s zebra and is welcoming her Brooke is a 13-year old Grevy’s zebra and is welcoming While their recovery has been successful to date, they are has been successful to date, While their recovery A true conservation success story, swift foxes had been swift foxes success story, A true conservation “The job of tak- and are doing a great parents are amazing than 50 percent in the last 18 years, and they are the only are listed as endangered by IUCN Red species of zebra that list, which is widely recognized as the most comprehensive, the conservation global approach for evaluating objective of plant and animal species. status the rest of the zebra herd from the Edge of Africa, the Skyride closer look, the or Serengeti Express train ride. For an even Serengeti Safari offers guests an open-bed truck tour of the Serengeti Plain®, with opportunities to get up-close to ante- hand-feed giraffes. lope, rhinos, zebras and even fifth foal. The new foal is the first offspring to father Two father to offspring first the is foal new The foal. fifth period for Grevy’s zebras is 13 months and The gestation Step. a time. In one foal at birth to only the mothers typically give female and one male Grevy’s addition to the new foal, seven Plain®. on Busch Gardens’ Serengeti zebras live An endangered Grevy’s zebra was born at Busch Gardens® at An endangered Grevy’s zebra was born Fla., 65-acre Serengeti Plain® on 5 Bay, in Tampa Tampa’s, toable the baby was after its birth Within an hour August. Brooke.stand on its own and nurse from its mother END not out of the woods yet. The species is still considered en- not out of the woods yet. The species parts of their native dangered in Canada and is still absent in a female fox this year, In January of range in the United States. Center Wolf the Endangered named Kimi, who was born at Institute inlast year was flown to the Cochrane Ecological efforts. country’s recovery Canada to help with that eradicated in most areas of North America and were found and were North America areas of in most eradicated lowest their (at habitat native their of percent ten than less in and biologists, along But the government level.) population Center, Wolf with breeding facilities like the Endangered from extinction. worked together to rescue this species territory. they are found in 40 percent of their original Today, ing care of the kits,” said Ginny Busch, executive director at at director said Ginny Busch, executive ing care of the kits,” year is also helping to a yearling from last “and the Center, raise the new kits as well.” ) kits were born at the born at ) kits were velox (Vulpes fox Four healthy swift to 2013 on 8 May, St. Louis, Mo., Center in Endangered Wolf and four-year-old Ernie. The male five-year-old Peggy female to breed this year by the Swift recommended parents were The kits are now out of the Species Survival Plan® (SSP). Fox habitat. den and exploring their ITS BORN AT THE BORN AT KITS FOX RARE SWIFT END BIRTHS & HATCHINGS

Since 2007, the SeaWorld & Busch two cubs on 5 August. The cubs ap- they could see and smell each other but Gardens Conservation Fund has sup- pear healthy, and keepers have observed not touch each other. Keepers decided to ported research and conservation of the Damai grooming and nursing them. give Kavi and Damai the opportunity to Grevy’s zebra through a funding part- “It’s taken more than two years of spend time together in the same indoor nership with the Grevy’s Zebra Trust in perseverance getting to know Damai and enclosure after many months of visual Kenya. The Grevy’s Zebra Trust was es- Kavi and letting them get to know each introductions. tablished to address the urgent need to other so that we could reach this celebra- Sumatran tigers are listed as critically conserve Grevy’s zebra in the community tory moment,” said Craig Saffoe. “All endangered by the International Union rangelands of northern Kenya and south- I can do is smile because the team has for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It ern Ethiopia by protecting and monitor- realized our goal of producing critically is estimated that between 400 and 500 ing the zebra populations against poach- endangered tiger cubs. Damai came to exist in the wild. There are 65 Sumatran ing. Through this partnership, the Fund us as a young tiger herself, so it’s really tigers living in accredited zoos in North and the Trust are raising local awareness special to see her become a great mom.” America in addition to these cubs. and developing a long-term community- Keepers and veterinarians began MALE RED PANDA TWINS led conservation program for Grevy’s monitoring Damai closely in June after BORN AT DETROIT ZOO zebra. she began gaining weight and exhibiting behaviors that indicated she could be The Detroit Zoo in Detroit, Mich., is cel- TWO SUMATRAN TIGER CUBS pregnant. Staff trained Damai to par- ebrating the arrival of male red panda BORN AT THE SMITHSONIAN’S ticipate in ultrasound procedures, which twins born in late June to eight-year-old NATIONAL ZOO allowed them to confirm her pregnancy Ta-Shi. The father, four-year-old Shifu, Staff at the Smithsonian’s National Zoo on 21 June. Keepers prepared for the ar- came to the Zoo in 2012 with a breed- in Washington, DC, are celebrating a rival of cubs after Damai became rest- ing recommendation from the Species conservation victory. The Zoo’s female less and began showing signs that she Survival Plan® (SSP). Sumatran tiger, Damai, gave birth to would soon give birth. This is Damai’s The twins’ birth marks the first time first litter of cubs, the pair have produced offspring and the sired by the Zoo’s fifth time Ta-Shi has given birth since 12-year-old male her arrival at the Detroit Zoo in 2008. tiger, Kavi. The two “Ta-Shi is an experienced and at- bred several times tentive mom and very protective of her from December babies,” said Robert Lessnau, Detroit 2012 through mid- Zoological Society curator of mammals. April of this year. “We’re thrilled to once again add to the Damai arrived at captive population of this threatened the Zoo in April 2011 species.” from the San Diego Found in the mountainous regions of Zoo Wild Animal Nepal, Myanmar and central China, red Park in San Diego, pandas are classified as “vulnerable” on Calif., and Kavi ar- the International Union for Conservation rived one year ago of Nature’s (IUCN) Red List of Threatened from Zoo Atlanta Species due to deforestation. in Atlanta, Ga. The The red panda (Ailurus fulgens) is a Zoo received a rec- shy and solitary animal, except when ommendation to mating. Contrary to popular belief, it is breed the two from not a bear but rather belongs to its own the Sumatran Tiger taxonomic family. It is about the size of Species Survival a house cat, with rust-colored fur and Plan® (SSP). They an 18-inch white-ringed tail. Red pandas were introduced to are skilled and agile climbers, spending each other slowly most of their time hanging from tree over the course of branches or lounging on limbs. They six months. At first are most active in the early morning and evening hours.

36 CONNECT January 2014 births & hatchings 37

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Z S L © oo uperior e k a C © Z P eron m a oo k ar January 2014 January 2014 had just been born when they enteredhad just been born 11:00 am. house at the ocelot night hay for and box a nest Maya was given and then left alonebedding her infant to bond. Keepers to allow her time throughout intervals checked back at Maya insure that the next 36 hours to the and that well and the infant were Apparently, infant was nursing. “thebaby their had Maya and Gustavo has Maya and way” old fashioned to be a healthy and attentive proven mother. In November of 2012 Cameron of 2012 Cameron In November John keeper, On 31 May 2013 Maya’s ten years in the wild and up to 20 yearsten years in the wild in captivity. - team of vet a Park Zoo welcomed Center the from specialists erinary for and Research for Conservation (CREW), a di- Endangered Wildlife Zoo and vision of the Cincinnati Ohio, Cincinnati, Botanical Garden, in assess- performed a reproductive that she was though ment on Maya. Even would be considered her past what breeding prime, Maya was still cycling there that and the assessment showed chance of a success- could be a slight the team, along with ful pregnancy, Terry Cameron Park Zoo veterinarian, Hurst, collected semen from the male and performed an ocelot, Gustavo, AI procedure on Maya using a new laparoscopic oviductal AI technique. the AI procedure was Unfortunately not successful, and the assumption of her age and the because was that condition of her ovaries, Maya would not be able to be impregnated. for the day kept her inside Abernathy, regur- she had been observed because that Later morning. that gitating sur- were morning Zoo staff members prised and excited to find a baby ocelot OT BORN OT EY BORN AT OBUS MONKEY BORN AT Angolan colobus are found in the According to Director of Zoo According to Director of Zoo OCEL K ZOO CAMERON PAR AT an- Texas, Cameron Park Zoo in Waco, nounced the birth of a baby ocelot kitten. The kitten, a male named Aztec, is the first infant born to Cameron Park Maya Zoo ocelots, Maya and Gustavo. is 14 years old, an age which is consid- past the prime age for ered somewhat successfully producing offspring in ocelots. Ocelots reach sexual maturity two-to-two and a half years of age at and their life expectancy is seven-to- Eastern region and Congo Basin areas are con- of Africa. Their populations sidered stable with localized pressure destruction and the bush from habitat all whiteborn are Infants trade. meat one pound. approximately and weigh beginthey age of months three After con- transitioning to their adult coat, sisting of mainly long black fur with long white fur surrounding the face, trimming the tops of the shoulders tip of the tail. and very - Pruett these are sig Peter Operations nificant births for AZA facilities since popula- the Angolan colobus captive tion is aging with limited births in the past few years. The two offspring are the 5th and 6th born in 2013. “It’s al- the to see cute fun babies at ways great rewardingespecially it’s However Zoo. effort to when they are part of AZA’s and wild populations” captive preserve said Pruett. E SUPERIOR ZOO LAKE SUPERIOR ZOO colobus wasA female baby Angolan Zoo in the Lake Superior born at This is the 16 July. Duluth, Minn., on of the Association second birth since Angolan(AZA) Aquariums and Zoos (SSP)Plan® Survival Species Colobus The baby breeding recommendation. an 11-year old is the offspring of Kero, 18 year-old male. female and Kramer, D ANGOLAN SECON L CO EXHIBITS

GORILLA FOREST OPENS extraordinary family and social dy- CINCINNATI ZOO’S JUNGLE AT COMO PARK ZOO namics to the public while minimizing TRAILS REINTERPRETED TO Como Park Zoo and Conservatory in stress on the gorillas and creating up ENGAGE FAMILIES Saint Paul, Minn., announced the of- close and personal views of the gorillas Research shows that the main moti- ficial opening for Gorilla Forest. This $11 for visitors. vation of people who come to zoos is million exhibit redesign and overhaul The improvements to the indoor to have quality time with their fami- features seven gorillas, six of whom facilities, including the behind-the- lies. At the Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical are new to Como Zoo, and the larg- scenes areas, were enlarged and could Garden in Cincinnati, Ohio, the Zoo est all-mesh gorilla enclosure in North make mating these endangered species has placed a strategic focus on be- America. a possibility for Como. The new gorilla coming more visitor-focused, with a The Gorilla Forest construction in- holding building provides plenty of commitment to better understanding cludes the addition of a major outdoor natural light and two stories for the ani- their needs in a free-choice learning exhibit and significant improvements mals with view windows and perches so environment. This includes tailoring and expansions to the existing indoor the gorillas can see out. Improvements interpretive exhibits to engage fami- facilities. All changes to the exhibit to existing rockwork and trees will pro- lies, the Zoo’s primary audience. exceed the Association of Zoos and vide more horizontal space for gorillas Made possible with funding from Aquariums (AZA) and the United States and planned family groups. Better ven- a Museums for America grant from Department of Agriculture (USDA) re- tilation, lighting, drainage and a new the Institute of Museum and Library quirements for holding, exhibiting and rainforest mural on the dayroom wall Services (IMLS), the Zoo recently managing great apes. The 13,000 square will create an improved environment underwent a two-year process of re- foot outdoor space, almost three times for the animals and viewing experience search, development and design, and larger than the previous space, was de- for the public. evaluation to re-interpret its Jungle signed to give the gorillas ample room Trails exhibit with a focus on active to play, climb, forage and display their family engagement.

38 CONNECT January 2014 exhibits

January 2014 January 2014 - Colorful and playful sig Interactives present present Interactives , guests Trails, guests In Jungle nage introduces guests to to guests introduces nage the animals from the first- of the person perspective animal and prompts discussion of how the animal’s life compares to their own. the iPad kiosks at Interactive orangutan, gibbon and bonobo exhibits allow them to engage more deeply. Guests may choose to watch videos on taking care of the indi- read about the animals, personali- animals’ vidual ties, learn how they can help the species or build a save of their own. super primate group challenges that our our group challenges that rela- non-human primate Together day. face every tives guests with their troop, use sticks to push a stone through a maze, test their memories to find fruit in a game, bang out a matching troop rhythm on a buttress root, and compete to see tying shoes who is best at without using their thumbs. They also try out more physical skills such as swinging across bars like a gibbon and balancing like a lemur on a mini-ropes course. journey along a path that that journey along a path two nearly through winds land- acres of jungle-type and African scape, featuring including Asian primates, gib- orangutans, Sumatran As theybons, and bonobos. survive primates how learn inter- in the jungle, all new - interac and signage pretive encourage guests to tives likebe would it what wonder in the if their family lived forest. ANNOUNCEMENTS

2013 Conservation Endowment Fund (CEF)

Thanks to all our donors! The AZA Board of Directors and staff gratefully acknowledge the generosity of the following AZA members and institutions, commercial members and friends who have contributed to the AZA Conservation Endowment Fund between October 1, 2012 and September 30, 2013. We thank them for their support and commitment to saving the wonders of the natural world.

$10,000 AND ABOVE $500 TO $999 Rich Block Deb Kerr and Steve Thompson Annual Conference Auction, ABQ BioPark / New Mexico Bruce Bohmke Satch and Becky Krantz Kansas City BioPark Society Paul Boyle, Ph.D. and Bonnie Robert Lacy Disney Worldwide Conservation Dr. Anne Baker Boyle Jeff Lamoree, Sequoia Park Zoo Fund Ted Beattie in memory of Penny Brevard Zoo Lion Country Safari, Inc. Shark Reef at Mandalay Bay Beattie Charles Brady, PhD Lubee Bat Conservancy Travelodge Blank Park Zoo William P. Braker Sandy and Jerry Manne $5,000 TO $9,999 Cameron Park Zoological Society Bravo Packing Maryland Zoo in Baltimore Anthony (Tony) Budrovich Mark J. Mazz, A.I.A. Applewood Fund at Community Clyde Peeling's Reptiland Patrick M. Burchfield McRoberts Sales Co., Inc. Foundation Dakota Zoo Dr. Bruce Carlson and Marjorie Dr. Kay Mehren of Santa Cruz County Dallas World Aquarium David Traylor Zoo of Emporia Awai Miles River Direct $2,000 TO $4,999 Catherine Decker Bert and Janice Castro Fran Miglore Abaxis Walt Disney Company Cawley Company Staff of Mill Mountain Zoo Lou Dorfman Foundation Matching Gift Children's Zoo at Celebration R. Eric Miller PGAV Destinations Emporia Friends of the Zoo Square M & M Giftshows, LLC San Antonio Zoological Society The Florida Aquarium Chattanooga Zoo Dr. Murray A. Newman Robert Skrable, Jr. Jean Cecil and William R. Foster Classic Escapes Inc. The Oklahoma Zoological $1,000 TO $1,999 Greater Minot Zoological Society Connie Cloak Society, Inc. Cleveland Metroparks Zoo and Lahser Interspecies Research William G. Conway Harry Papp Cleveland Zoological Society Foundation Sophie F. Danforth Tom Phillips Ellen Trout Zoo North Carolina Zoological Thomas DeMaar, DVM Potter Park Zoological Society Fossil Rim Wildlife Center Society JoEllen Doornbos Barbara and Kris Pueschel Little Rock Zoo Jackie Ogden, PhD Lee Ehmke, Director/CEO Mark and Mary Reed Los Angeles Zoo and Botanical Peoria Zoological Society Minnesota Zoo RodentPro.com, LLC Gardens Potawatomi Zoological Society Erie Zoo Kim and Danny Sams Jim Maddy Roger Williams Park Zoo Donna M. Fernandes Paula Schaedlich Oklahoma City Zoo and Pat Simmons, Akron Zoo Fort Wayne Children's Zoo Susan Scherer, Board Member, Botanical Gardens Tom Stalf Stephanie Fox Columbus Zoo and Aquarium San Francisco Zoological Troy Stump, ZOOAMERICA Phil and Violet Frost Kim and Tom Schmid Gardens Wildlife Park Friends of the Alexandria Zoo Schultz & Williams Sedgwick County Zoo Texas State Aquarium Friends of the National Zoo Seneca Park Zoo Virginia Aquarium & Marine Tulsa Zoo (FONZ) Scott Shoemaker, Director, Science Center Foundation The Utica Zoo Georgia Aquarium Sunset Zoo Utah’s Hogle Zoo Emily Wade Greensboro Science Center Pat Simmons in honor of Peter Wildlife Conservation Society Zoo de Granby Happy Hollow Foundation Karsten Wildlife World Zoo $200 TO $499 Mary Healy and Steve O'Brien Beth Stevens Catherine Hubbard, ABQ Tautphaus Park Zoo Zoo Advisors Jim Anderson BioPark Horticulture Steve Taylor Zoo New England (Walter D. Ed Asper Jim Hubing Tennessee Aquarium Stone Memorial Zoo and Rick Barongi R. Brian Hunt Topeka Zoological Park Franklin Park Zoo) Scott Barnett Holly Hunt Tracy Aviary Best Family Fund Tara Riemer Jones Kristin L. Vehrs Tammie Bettinger and Joe Ron Kagan Jay and Eileen Vestal Bielitzki Peter Karsten Virginia Zoo Kevin Bell

40 CONNECT January 2014 announcements 41

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Cloth $95.00 January 2014 January 2014 www.press.uchicago.edu s Director and COO, National Director and COO, Aviary Miss.. Natalie Russell Miss.. Natalie Sevilla Cynthia Ian Shelley Smith DVM Meg Sutherland Dale Snyder Managing Cheryl Tracy, Lubos Vaclav Marilyn I. White Williams Cherie J. William H. Woodin Susan Young Gretchen Ziegler Letty Zook Zookeeping An Introduction to the Science and Technology An Introduction The University of Chicago Press of Chicago University The is destined to become the ‘must have’ have’ is destined to become the ‘must Zookeeping industry.” for the zoo resource comprehensive of Zookeepers Conference —International Mark D. Irwin, John B. Stoner, and Aaron M. Cobaugh Stoner, Mark D. Irwin, John B. Edited by “

Thank you for participating in the survey and feel free to and feel in the survey Thank you for participating Sarah Kirkman Amy Landers Lackey Bingaman Laurie Long Kathy Mark Mazzei Maclean Robert NewKnowledge.org Jane M. Packard Dr. Racine Zoological Gardens Shelley Rank Reifschneider Linda Weast Redman Ken Family The Reed Roth L. Terri Julie Rosenthal Julie Rosenthal may log into the website to see which projects their facility may log into the website www.aza.org and click has entered (log into your account at link in the left-hand menu). Make sure the “conservation” and if you do not your critical work is being counted, that project information know who is responsible for submitting questions about using the online your facility or you have at ). contact Shelly Grow ([email protected] database, how the Committeecontact any FCC member with ideas on can be of help to you. ATE Winfield Danielson den Biggelaar Christoffel Dr. Michelle Demko Decker Tom Bill Disher Downey AB Heather Allan Ellstrom Bill Evans Fry Robert Glancy Ruth Donna Graham Harley JoAnn Jim Hartung Jackson Kevin Ms. Cheryl L. Rash Jones Caroline E. Jones We are currently in the midst of collecting information are currently in the midst of collecting information We We are pleased to report that field conservation expen- field conservation are pleased to report that We With each survey since 2011, when the FCC introduced With each survey Discovery Waterhouse Rochelle Cain Rochelle Sharon Carson Jay R. Christie R.Patti Clark - Austin Zoo Mike Crocker P TO $199 UP TO Anderson Vanessa Janet Armstrong Myrna Booth Boonshoft Museum of Weber Group, Inc. Group, Weber Zucconi Dave Ralph and Dr. Cheryl Dr. Ralph and ITTEE UPD MM CO FIELD CONSERVATION about field conservation activities that took place in 2013. activities that about field conservation Although only one person per facility may submit the infor- anybody with an AZA account to the online database, mation ditures held steady at approximately $160 million for the approximately ditures held steady at response rate past two years, based on a 78 percent survey grow if in 2012. Imagine how the amount of money might In 2012, 43 member facilities higher. were the response rate more than three percent of their annual budget to dedicated in 2011. There are still too many up from 36 field conservation, facilities contributing less than one percent of their budgets hearing from those the FCC would welcome to conservation; are facingthe obstacles they more about to learn colleagues those and other ob- and to help identify ways to overcome stacles in the future. a definition of field conservation specific to the AZA com- specific a definition of field conservation direct impact on themunity focused on activities with a in their been increasingly careful wild, AZA members have less review and discussion submissions to ARCS. Each year, all submis- that among FCC members is necessary to ensure criteria, and many facilities are sions meet the definition’s With the introduction more promptly. submitting their data abil- My AZA, in 2013 and the new online database, of AZA’s and edit their submissions ity for members to input, review, annual survey responding to the any time during the year, at should become easier each year. Over the past year, members of the Field Conservation the Field Conservation of members the past year, Over of fellow Association Committee (FCC) again reached out to encour- to members (AZA)-accredited Aquariums and Zoos on Conservation Annual Report age submission to AZA’s is the this survey Science (ARCS). FCC has recognized that and Aquariums (AZA) of Zoos the Association only way that activities of the zoo- describe the conservation can accurately the scopelogical community as a whole, and understanding of activity is critical for telling our story. 20130603_AquariumLining_ConnectAd.indd 1 6/3/13 3:00 PM 42 CONNECT January 2014 member updates 43

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ow January 2014 January 2014 artner

P onservation [email protected] and Aquarium Resources, Columbus Zoo Resources, Henry Vilas Zoo Friends of the Zoo, Buffalo Zoo ell l F New Professiona Members Director, Alison Prange, Executive Curator, Malia Somerville, General New C ABES 2000 Ltd 3433 Mary Anne Crescent Victoria, BC V9C 4K CANADA Email: www.abes.ca Director: Mitchell McCormick

Phoenix Zoo San Diego Zoo Cape May County Park Zoo Brandywine Zoo Education, Tampa Bay Tampa Detroit Zoo the Islands, – Australia and Curator Columbus Zoo and Aquarium Zoological Gardens Nicolaas VanVacter Webb, Keeper, Keeper, Webb, Nicolaas VanVacter Jean Whalen, Assistant Director – Parks, ofJacque Williamson, Curator Carman Wirtz, Vice President of Human Mara Jameson, Zookeeper, Reid Park Zoo Reid Mara Jameson, Zookeeper, GardensSarah Johnson, Busch The Florida Aquarium Kisner, Kathryn Dept Supervisor, Brian Manfre, Mammal Assistant Shannon Nicole Morarity, Park Potter Sarah Pechtel, Lead Park Ranger, Chris Pointer,

bers me New Mem co

Sedgwick County Zoo Lincoln Park Zoo Health, Fossil Run Wildlife Center Health, Fossil Run Zoo Brandywine Zoo Health, Knoxville Zoological Gardens Health, Knoxville San Diego Zoo Aquarium Phillip Horvey, Senior Keeper of Birds, Keeper Senior Phillip Horvey, Lydia Meriel Hopper, Research Scientist, Research Meriel Hopper, Lydia Holly Haefele, DVM, Director Animal Alicia Fields, Lead Park Ranger, Phoenix Alicia Fields, Lead Park Ranger, Donna Evernham, Assistant Curator, Assistant Curator, Donna Evernham, Brian Braitsch, SeaWorld Orlando Brian Braitsch, SeaWorld of Animal Cross, Curator Tangera Zabrina Esperanza Boman, Zoo Keeper, Zoo Keeper, Zabrina Esperanza Boman, Cristy Barrett, Senior Bio, The Florida Bio, Cristy Barrett, Senior lNew Professiona AZA is pleased to warmly welcome new Professional Affiliate, Professional Fellow, Conservation Partners, Accredited Institutions, Accredited Partners, Conservation Professional Fellow, Affiliate, new Professional to warmly welcome AZA is pleased members. Facilities and Commercial Certified Related Wel Members Affiliate MEMBER UPDATES MEMBER 44 CONNECT January 2014 index of advertisers index of advertisers Company Website Phone Page # American Sealants, Inc. www.amsealinc.com 970-523-6001 48 Animal Specialties www.animalspecialties.com 800-782-3766 44 Aqua Logic Inc. www.aqualogicinc.com 858-292-4773 46 CLR Design www.clrdesign.com 215-564-0250 42 Corners Limited www.cornerslimited.com 800-456-6780 10 COST of Wisconsin, Inc. www.costofwisconsin.com 800-221-7625 17 Creative Displays, Inc. www.creativedisplays.com 800-733-9617 31 Dan Inject Dart Guns www.daninjectdartguns.com 979-203-6735 23 Detroit Zoological Society www.detroitzoo.org 248-541-5717 36 GLMV Architecture, Inc. www.glmv.com 316-265-9367 38 Go Ape www.goape.com 800-971-8271 15 International Elephant Foundation www.InternationalElephantFoundation.org 817-597-0956 2 K & K Insurance Group, Inc. www.kandkinsurance.com 877-355-0315 11 Madewell Products Corporation www.madewell.net 800-741-8199 42 The Mason Company www.masonco.com 800-543-5567 6 Mariculture Technologies International www.LiveBrineShrimp.com 386-345-3333 24 Milliken Meat Products Ltd. www.millikenmeat.com 905-415-0060 25 Nebraska Brand www.nebraskabrand.com 800-445-2881 Back Cover Pentair Aquatic Eco-Systems www.PentairAES.com 407-472-0525 5 RodentPro.com www.rodentpro.com 812-867-7598 Inside Back Cover Skulls Unlimited International, Inc. www.skullsunlimited.com 800-659-7585 Inside Front Cover Tom Tischler Bronze www.tomtischler.com 618-936-42702 7 Triple A Brand Meat Company www.tripleabrandmeatcompany.com 800-437-5581 24 The University of Chicago Press www.press.uchicago.edu 773-702-7897 41 WDM Architects P.A. www.wdmarchitects.com 316-262-4700 11

January 2014 CONNECT 45 46 CONNECT January 2014 - member news

is being hosted by by hosted being is For more information, visit information, more For

Meeting Mid-Year 2014

AZA’s Principles of Elephant Management II Management Principles of Elephant Animal Training Applications in Zoo & Aquarium in Zoo Applications Animal Training Conservation Education: Effective Program Design. Program Effective Education: Conservation Hosted by Oglebay Resort Resort Oglebay by Hosted Keeping. Records Institutional Hosted by by Hosted Development. Career Success: Managing for Hosted Hosted and Conservation. Biology, Management, Avian the date ave APRIL 2014 6-12: FL. Orlando, in Kingdom Animal Disney’s by Hosted Settings in Animal Keeping Practices 1: Best 26-MAY OH. Toledo, in Zoo Toledo by Hosted FEBRUARY 2014 FEBRUARY 3-8: WV. Wheeling, in Resort Oglebay by 3-8: WV. Wheeling, in Resort Oglebay by Hosted Development. Organizational Success: 3-8: Managing for WV. Wheeling, in Resort Oglebay by Hosted 3-8: WV. Wheeling, in 3-8: WV. Wheeling, in Resort Oglebay Oglebay by I. Hosted Management 3-8: Principles of Elephant WV. Wheeling, in Resort Hosted by Disney’s Animal Kingdom in Orlando, FL. Orlando, in Kingdom Animal Disney’s by Hosted AY 2014 MAY 12-15: MARCH 2014 22-28: the Memphis Zoo in Memphis, Tenn. Tenn. Memphis, in Zoo Memphis the www.aza.org/midyearmeeting. S o submit your listing for the for listing o submit your For more information about these information more For other opportunities to and courses visit career, enrich your www.aza.org/professional-training T please e-mail calendar, CONNECT loca date, name, the event or fax to information tion and contact AZA Publications Lewthwaite, Tim [email protected] at Manager, 562-0888. (301) to or fax Calendar Submission Guidelines: - 48 - page , continued is sched- is 2014 10, March www.aza.org/midyearmeeting. [email protected]. [email protected]. is being hosted by the by hosted being is Meeting Mid-Year 2014 [email protected]. AZA’s AZA’s AZVT (Association Zoo Veterinary Technicians) Focus Focus Technicians) Veterinary Zoo (Association AZVT Emerging Disease Symposium, Houston Zoo, Houston, Houston, Zoo, Houston Disease Symposium, Emerging - octo Pacific giant one-day our for Aquarium Seattle the Join Since 2004 the Seattle Aquarium has hosted biennial cow biennial hosted has Aquarium Seattle the 2004 Since ) in Santa Rosa, California, USA. The workshop concentrates solely concentrates workshop The USA. California, Santain ) Rosa, uled with Dr. E. S. Dierenfeld PhD, CNS to learn about ZootrtionTM the ZootrtionTM about learn to CNS PhD, Dierenfeld S. E. Dr. with uled RVT Hedberg, Gail contact: details For software. management dietary at Coordinator Program Workshop 22-28: The Houston Zoo, Rice University, Baylor College of Medicine of College Baylor University, Rice Zoo, Houston The Texas. a sponsoring be will Medicine Tropical of School National the and habitat by influenced as diseases emerging on focusing symposium emerging and deadliest the of Many change. and destruction human destruction, habitat to due are that zoonoses are diseases symposium The practices. agricultural and crowding, animal and the both from experts and scholars international include will formal be will There institutions. outside and sponsors symposium Visit gatherings. www. informal and discussions panel presentations, houstonzoo.org/edsymposium/ MARCH 2014 10-13: March for scheduled is of Hand-Rearing The Art and Science Group: (www.safariwest. Preserve Nature Safari West by hosted 2014 10-13, com organizing The species. ungulate and carnivore zoo of hand-rearing on new exciting present to field the in experts with working is committee animal and zoo veterinary zoo to information hand-rearing and proven approved RACE a seeking are We specialty. this in involved staff care staff. veterinary zoo for CE on session training pre-workshop optional An The Zoo. Denver and Aquarium Downtown the by Hosted 15-19: four-day comprehensive a is (OKWS) Workshop Keeper Otter 2014 captivity. in otters of management and care the covering workshop in managed species the of four to devoted be will workshop The spotted- African facilities: (AZA) Aquariums and Zoos of Association North and otters, giant otters, small-clawed Asian otters, necked OKWS. the of offering sixth the be will 2014 otters. river American The Zoo. Denver and Aquarium Downtown the be will hosts The the of each in person staff OKWS-trained an have to is goal ultimate David contact information, more For institutions. otter-holding AZA at Hamilton 13-15: Memphis Zoo in Memphis, Tenn. This working meeting includes meeting working This Tenn. Memphis, in Zoo Memphis program animal and committee discussions, in-depth workshops, - com AZA the in peers with opportunities networking and meetings, visit information, more For munity. 22: shark conservation workshops to gather shark biologists to share share to biologists shark gather to workshops conservation shark the years the Over species. little-known these about knowledge the 2011 of December In scope. and size in increased has meeting of Because B.C. Vancouver, in held was Workshop Shark Pacific first meet cowshark the of growth the and meeting this of success the ing, the Aquarium, in collaboration with the Pacific Shark Research Research Shark Pacific the with collaboration in Aquarium, the ing, Shark IUCN the and California Labs, Marine Landing Moss at Center the launching is group, working Regional Northeast Group Specialist Larson Shawn contact speak, To Symposium. Shark Pacific Northeast at website the visit register, To [email protected]. at seattleaquarium.org/shark-workshop. 29: dofle- Enteroctopus on research current highlighting workshop, pus - - - www.aza.org/ www.aza.org/ www.aza.org/professional-training www.aza.org/professional-training www.aza.org/professional-training

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ini, the world’s largest species of octopus. The Seattle Aquarium has as terminology and an overview of training techniques. Selected safety practices. To provide students with the most valuable hands-on a long history of exhibiting octopuses—and giant Pacific octopuses training concepts and skills will be taught via animal demonstrations, and personalized experience, enrollment in this course is limited to 12 are even found in the waters directly below our pier. The workshop group activities and individual skill development opportunities. For participants. For more information about this course and other oppor- will feature several papers and round-table discussions about octo- more information about this course and other opportunities to enrich tunities to enrich your career, visit www.aza.org/professional-training pus husbandry, biology, physiology, ecology and behavior. To speak your career, visit www.aza.org/professional-training contact Shawn Larson at [email protected]. To register, 13-18: The Animal Behavior Management Alliance (ABMA) will visit our website at seattleaquarium.org/octopus-workshop. SEPTEMBER 2014 be holding our 2014 conference in Dallas, TX on April 13-18, 2014. For 12-18: The 2014 AZA Annual Conference is being hosted by Disney’s anyone interested in more information they can go to the website: Animal Kingdom, The Seas With Nemo and Friends, and SeaWorld www.theabma.org. MARCH-APRIL 2014 Orlando. This is the premier event for zoo and aquarium professionals, March 27 - April 3: Crocodilian Biology & Captive 26-MAY 1: Best Practices in Animal Keeping. Hosted by Toledo bringing together leaders in our community to network with peers, Management. Hosted by St. Augustine Alligator Farm Zoological Park Zoo in Toledo, OH. Advances in Animal Keeping covers the essentials explore ideas and best practices, share successful programs, and learn in St. Augustine, FL. Crocodilian Biology and Captive Management of animal keeping across all taxa. The course focuses on the very new technologies and services. Attendees are guaranteed to be chal- concentrates on the captive maintenance techniques, husbandry, highest standards in animal husbandry, in combination with problem lenged with vibrant speakers from inside and outside the community, breeding, and special requirements for the care of crocodiles, caiman, solving, team building and interpersonal skills. You will engage with expert-led programming, face-to-face meetings with colleagues, more gharials, and alligators in zoos and aquariums. Relevant topics on basic professional colleagues and apply what you learn back at your home than 150 service providers in the exhibit hall, exciting networking and crocodilian biology such as taxonomy, reproductive biology, behavior, institution. The goal of this course is to motivate and retain animal social events, and the famous Zoo Day. For more information, visit anatomy, physiology, and conservation are included as the foundation care professionals within our industry and to elevate the standards of www.aza.org/annualconference. for captive management practices. Join us at the only facility that animal care in AZA zoos and aquariums. For more information about houses all existing species of crocodilians and learn from the experts! this course and other opportunities to enrich your career, visit www. For more information about this course and other opportunities to aza.org/professional-training enrich your career, visit www.aza.org/professional-training. MAY 2014 APRIL 2014 12-15: Principles of Elephant Management II. Hosted by 6-11: Animal Training Applications in Zoo & Aquarium Settings. Disney’s Animal Kingdom in Orlando, FL. Principles of Elephant Hosted by Disney’s Animal Kingdom in Orlando, FL. Animal Training Management II focuses on the skills necessary to safely accomplish all Applications provides zoo and aquarium staff with a background in of the AZA-required elephant behavioral components. Live training training theory and an understanding of the skills necessary to train demonstrations and hands-on experiences will be utilized to combine animals. It includes a historical perspective of animal training as well the teaching of advanced elephant principles with best occupational

48 CONNECT January 2014

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American Association of PAID Zoological Parks And Aquariums Rockville, Maryland PERMIT #4297 8403 Colesville Road, Suite 710 Silver Spring, Maryland 20910 (301) 562-0777 www.aza.org

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