The Tramway, Aka LRT
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Growth Before Steam: a GIS Approach to Estimating Multi-Modal Transport
Growth before steam: A GIS approach to estimating multi-modal transport costs and productivity growth in England, 1680-1830 Eduard J Alvarez-Palau, Dan Bogart, Oliver Dunn, Max Satchell, Leigh Shaw Taylor1 Preliminary Draft May 2017 Abstract How much did transport change and contribute to aggregate growth in the pre-steam era? This paper answers this question for England and Wales by estimating internal transport costs in 1680 and 1830. We build a multi-modal transport model of freight and passenger services between the most populous towns. The model allows transport by road, inland waterway, or coastal shipping and switching of transport modes within journeys. The lowest money cost and travel time for passenger and freight is identified using network analysis tools in GIS. The model estimates show substantial reductions in the level of transport costs and its variability across space. The model’s results also imply substantial productivity growth in transport, equalling close to 0.8% per year. Plausible assumptions imply a social savings of 10.5% of national income by 1830. 1 Data for this paper was created thanks to grants from the Leverhulme Trust (RPG- 2013-093) Transport and Urbanization c.1670-1911 and NSF (SES-1260699), Modelling the Transport Revolution and the Industrial Revolution in England. We thank Alan Rosevear for extremely valuable assistance in this paper. We also thank seminar participants at the Economic History Society Meetings, 2017. All errors are our own. 1 I. Introduction Transport improvements are one of the key engines of economic growth. Their significance is often measured through the effects of a single modal innovation, such as railways or steamships.2 However, there are some limitations to this approach. -
GUIDE DES NOUVEAUX ARRIVANTS JEAN-CLAUDE GAUDIN Maire De Marseille Président De La Métropole Aix-Marseille-Provence Vice-Président Du Sénat
GUIDE DES NOUVEAUX ARRIVANTS JEAN-CLAUDE GAUDIN Maire de Marseille Président de la Métropole Aix-Marseille-Provence Vice-président du Sénat Quelle que soit la bonne raison qui vous a amené à poser vos valises ici ; offre d’emploi ou mutation, lancement d’un nouveau projet professionnel, rapprochement familial ou volonté de couler une retraite heureuse au soleil du midi, Marseille, j’en prends le pari, ne vous laissera pas indifférent. Ne vous laissez pas influencer par la réputation, largement exagérée dont on l’affuble trop souvent. Attendez de juger, sur pièces, cette ville de caractère au cadre de vie exceptionnel, à l’environnement naturel préservé, aux 54 km de façade littorale et aux 300 jours annuels d’ensoleillement. Marseille mérite bien mieux que quelques clichés, parlez-en à ses chercheurs, à ceux qui animent ses pôles d’excellence, voyez ses professionnels de la santé qui réalisent régulièrement de grandes premières mondiales, interrogez ses chefs BIENVENUE d’entreprise de dimension internationale, ses créateurs, ses acteurs culturels ou ses champions sportifs… Laissez-vous séduire par cette grande ville aux multiples facettes qui a su CHEZ VOUS ! conserver l’authenticité de son patrimoine culturel, revisiter ses traditions dans la modernité, mais aussi se nourrir des cultures du monde qui se coulent dans le creuset marseillais pour modeler son identité. Une ville qui propose tous les services d’une grande métropole européenne, en matière d’éducation, d’enseignement supérieur, d’offre de soin, d’activités sportives, d’accueil de grands événements internationaux… Ce petit guide a vocation à guider vos premiers pas de néo-Marseillais, mais toute l’équipe municipale qui m’entoure et l’ensemble des services municipaux sont à votre disposition pour vous accompagner dans cette immersion, sachant que l’intégration et l’assimilation des nouveaux venus sont inscrits dans l’ADN d’une ville réputée pour ses vingt-six siècles d’ouverture au monde. -
Systems Analysis of Transport Performance and Development - E.I.Pozamantir
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND MODELING OF INTEGRATED WORLD SYSTEMS - Vol. I - Systems Analysis of Transport Performance and Development - E.I.Pozamantir SYSTEMS ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORT PERFORMANCE AND DEVELOPMENT E.I.Pozamantir Institute for Systems Analysis of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Keywords: Transport, modes of transport, transport infrastructure, freight transportations, passenger transportations, public transport, private transport, transport as an element of economy, transport externalities environment, forms of property, transport policy, state management, interindustry balance, transportation tariffs, demand for transportations, transport income, transport charges, transport investment, transport network, transport and storage system Contents 1. Introduction 2. Place and Role of Transport in National Economy 3. Transport externalities 4. Forms of Property for Transport 5. National Transport System and State Management of Transport Performance and Development 6. Transport Interinddustry Connections 6.1 Balance of Production and Distribution of Goods and Services (Except for Transport Ones) 6.2. Balance of Production and Distribution of Products According to Modes of Transport 6.3. Balance of Income and Expenditures Related to Production of Material Products: 6.4. Balance of Income and Expenditures of Transport Enterprises 6.5. Production Costs 6.6. Equations of Distributing Profit of Enterprises before Taxation by Directions of its Usage 6.7. Equations of Capital Assets and Capacities Reproduction 7. Planning of Transport Network Development 8. Transport in Logistic System Glossary BibliographyUNESCO – EOLSS Biographical Sketch Summary SAMPLE CHAPTERS System analysis of transport includes studying it as a complex system that has got numerous and various connections both with external environment and its subsystems and elements. In this paper as external environment in relation to transport system economy on the whole is considered. -
Tramway Renaissance
THE INTERNATIONAL LIGHT RAIL MAGAZINE www.lrta.org www.tautonline.com OCTOBER 2018 NO. 970 FLORENCE CONTINUES ITS TRAMWAY RENAISSANCE InnoTrans 2018: Looking into light rail’s future Brussels, Suzhou and Aarhus openings Gmunden line linked to Traunseebahn Funding agreed for Vancouver projects LRT automation Bydgoszcz 10> £4.60 How much can and Growth in Poland’s should we aim for? tram-building capital 9 771460 832067 London, 3 October 2018 Join the world’s light and urban rail sectors in recognising excellence and innovation BOOK YOUR PLACE TODAY! HEADLINE SUPPORTER ColTram www.lightrailawards.com CONTENTS 364 The official journal of the Light Rail Transit Association OCTOBER 2018 Vol. 81 No. 970 www.tautonline.com EDITORIAL EDITOR – Simon Johnston [email protected] ASSOCIATE EDITOr – Tony Streeter [email protected] WORLDWIDE EDITOR – Michael Taplin 374 [email protected] NewS EDITOr – John Symons [email protected] SenIOR CONTRIBUTOR – Neil Pulling WORLDWIDE CONTRIBUTORS Tony Bailey, Richard Felski, Ed Havens, Andrew Moglestue, Paul Nicholson, Herbert Pence, Mike Russell, Nikolai Semyonov, Alain Senut, Vic Simons, Witold Urbanowicz, Bill Vigrass, Francis Wagner, Thomas Wagner, 379 Philip Webb, Rick Wilson PRODUCTION – Lanna Blyth NEWS 364 SYSTEMS FACTFILE: bydgosZCZ 384 Tel: +44 (0)1733 367604 [email protected] New tramlines in Brussels and Suzhou; Neil Pulling explores the recent expansion Gmunden joins the StadtRegioTram; Portland in what is now Poland’s main rolling stock DESIGN – Debbie Nolan and Washington prepare new rolling stock manufacturing centre. ADVertiSING plans; Federal and provincial funding COMMERCIAL ManageR – Geoff Butler Tel: +44 (0)1733 367610 agreed for two new Vancouver LRT projects. -
Modern Tram and Public Transit Integration in Chinese Cities A
Modern Tram and Public Transit Integration in Chinese Cities A Case Study of Suzhou Discussion Paper No. 2017-xx Prepared for the Roundtable on [Integrated and Sustainable Urban Transport] (24-25 April 2017, Tokyo) Chia-Lin Chen Department of Urban Planning and Design, Xian Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China Disclaimer: This paper has been submitted by the author for discussion at an ITF Roundtable. Content and format have not been reviewed or edited by ITF and are the sole responsibility of the author. The paper is made available as a courtesy to Roundtable participants to foster discussion and scientific exchange. A revised version will be published in the ITF Discussion Papers series after the Roundtable. The International Transport Forum The International Transport Forum is an intergovernmental organisation with 57 member countries. It acts as a think tank for transport policy and organises the Annual Summit of transport ministers. ITF is the only global body that covers all transport modes. The ITF is politically autonomous and administratively integrated with the OECD. The ITF works for transport policies that improve peoples’ lives. Our mission is to foster a deeper understanding of the role of transport in economic growth, environmental sustainability and social inclusion and to raise the public profile of transport policy. The ITF organises global dialogue for better transport. We act as a platform for discussion and pre-negotiation of policy issues across all transport modes. We analyse trends, share knowledge and promote exchange among transport decision-makers and civil society. The ITF’s Annual Summit is the world’s largest gathering of transport ministers and the leading global platform for dialogue on transport policy. -
Format Acrobat
N° 88 SÉNAT SESSION ORDINAIRE DE 1996-1997 Annexe tu procès-verbal de la séance du 21 novembre 1996. AVIS PRÉSENTÉ au nom de la commission des Affaires économiques et du Plan (1) sur le projet de loi de finances pour 1997, ADOPTÉ PAR L'ASSEMBLÉE NATIONALE, TOME XVIII TRANSPORTS TERRESTRES Par M. Georges BERCHET, Sénateur. (1) Cette commission est composée de : MM. Jean François-Poncet, président ; Gérard Larcher, Henri Revol, Jean Huchon, Fernand Tardy, Gérard César, Louis Minetti, vice-présidents ; Georges Berchet, William Chervy, Jean-Paul Émin, Louis Moinard, secrétaires ; Louis Althapé, Alphonse Arzel, Mme Janine Bardou, MM. Bernard Barraux, Michel Bécot, Jean Besson, Claude Billard, Marcel Bony, Jean Boyer, Jacques Braconnier, Gérard Braun. Dominique Braye, Michel Charzat, Marcel-Pierre Cleach, Roland Courteau, Désiré Debavelaere, Gérard Delfau, Fernand Demilly, Marcel Deneux, Rodolphe Désiré, Jacques Dominati, Michel Doublet. Mme Josette Durrieu, MM. Bernard Dussaut, Jean-Paul Émorine, Léon Fatous, Hilaire Flandre, Philippe François, Aubert Garcia, François Gerbaud, Charles Ginésy, Jean Grandon, Francis Grignon, Georges Gruillot, Claude Haut, Mme Anne Heinis, MM. Pierre Hérisson, Rémi Herment, Bernard Hugo, Bernard Joly, Edmond Lauret, Jean-François Le Grand, Félix Leyzour, Kléber Malécot, Jacques de Menou, Louis Mercier, Mme Lucette Michaux-Chevry, MM. Jean-Marc Pastor, Jean Pépin, Daniel Percheron, Jean Peyrafitte, Alain Pluchet, Jean Pourchet, Jean Puech, Paul Raoult, Jean-Marie Rausch, Charles Revet, Roger Rigaudière, Roger Rinchet, Jean-Jacques Robert, Jacques Rocca Serra, Josselin de Rohan, René Rouquet, Raymond Soucaret, Michel Souplet, André Vallet, Jean-Pierre Vial. Voir les numéros : Assemblée nationale (l0ème législ.) : 2993. 3030 à 3035 et TA. 590. Sénat: 85 et 86 (annexe n° 18) (1996-1997). -
A Case Study of Suzhou
Economics of Transportation xxx (2017) 1–16 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Economics of Transportation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ecotra Tram development and urban transport integration in Chinese cities: A case study of Suzhou Chia-Lin Chen Department of Urban Planning and Design, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Room EB510, Built Environment Cluster, 111 Renai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou Industrial Park, Jiangsu Province, 215123, PR China ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT JEL classification: This paper explores a new phenomenon of tram development in Chinese cities where tram is used as an alternative H7 transport system to drive urban development. The Suzhou National High-tech District tram was investigated as a J6 case study. Two key findings are highlighted. Firstly, the new tramway was routed along the “path of least resis- P2 tance”–avoiding dense urban areas, to reduce conflict with cars. Secondly, regarding urban transport integration, R3 four perspectives were evaluated, namely planning and design, service operation, transport governance and user R4 experience. Findings show insufficient integration in the following aspects, namely tram and bus routes and services, O2 fares on multi-modal journeys, tram station distribution, service intervals, and luggage auxiliary support. The paper Keywords: argues there is a need for a critical review of the role of tram and for context-based innovative policy reform and Tram governance that could possibly facilitate a successful introduction and integration of tram into a city. Urban development Urban transport integration Suzhou China 1. Introduction so instead began planning tram networks. There has been relatively little research examining how new trams have been introduced into cities and The past decade has seen rapid development of urban rail systems in whether these tramways provide an effective alternative to private car use. -
Trends in the Share of Railways in Transportation
www.cepal.org/transporte Issue No. 303 - Number 11 / 2011 BULLETIN FACILITATION OF TRANSPORT AND TRADE IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN This issue of the FAL Bulletin analyses the history of railways in modal distribution Trends in the share in Latin America, and puts forward recommendations for improving their functioning and making them a real, of railways competitive and sustainable transport option. The study is part of the activities being in transportation conducted by the Unit in the project on “Strategies for environmental sustainability: climate change and energy”, funded by the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID). The author of this issue of the Bulletin is Introduction Gonzalo Martín Baranda, Consultant for the Infrastructure Services Unit of ECLAC. For additional information please contact Railways flourished in the nineteenth century, becoming a key element [email protected] in the transport of goods and passengers For a number of reasons, Introduction however, their prominence has gradually diminished and they now have only a limited role, mostly in the transportation of certain bulk products. I. The rise of railways This document looks at the how the use of the railways for freight has II. Recent history of railways changed over the years, and puts forward a series of recommendations in Latin America to increase their use in present-day Latin America. III. Consideration of externalities and associated social costs I. The rise of railways for sustainable modal choices IV. The role of railways in modal shifts Railways rose to prominence in the nineteenth century, leading to a radical change in the surface transport of freight and passengers, and V. -
Trams Der Welt / Trams of the World 2021 Daten / Data © 2021 Peter Sohns Seite / Page 1
www.blickpunktstrab.net – Trams der Welt / Trams of the World 2021 Daten / Data © 2021 Peter Sohns Seite / Page 1 Algeria ... Alger (Algier) ... Metro ... 1435 mm Algeria ... Alger (Algier) ... Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Algeria ... Constantine ... Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Algeria ... Oran ... Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Algeria ... Ouragla ... Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Algeria ... Sétif ... Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Algeria ... Sidi Bel Abbès ... Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Argentina ... Buenos Aires, DF ... Metro ... 1435 mm Argentina ... Buenos Aires, DF - Caballito ... Heritage-Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Argentina ... Buenos Aires, DF - Lacroze (General Urquiza) ... Interurban (Electric) ... 1435 mm Argentina ... Buenos Aires, DF - Premetro E ... Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Argentina ... Buenos Aires, DF - Tren de la Costa ... Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Argentina ... Córdoba, Córdoba ... Trolleybus Argentina ... Mar del Plata, BA ... Heritage-Tram (Electric) ... 900 mm Argentina ... Mendoza, Mendoza ... Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Argentina ... Mendoza, Mendoza ... Trolleybus Argentina ... Rosario, Santa Fé ... Heritage-Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Argentina ... Rosario, Santa Fé ... Trolleybus Argentina ... Valle Hermoso, Córdoba ... Tram-Museum (Electric) ... 600 mm Armenia ... Yerevan ... Metro ... 1524 mm Armenia ... Yerevan ... Trolleybus Australia ... Adelaide, SA - Glenelg ... Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Australia ... Ballarat, VIC ... Heritage-Tram (Electric) ... 1435 mm Australia ... Bendigo, VIC ... Heritage-Tram -
Trams Der Welt / Trams of the World 2020 Daten / Data © 2020 Peter Sohns Seite/Page 1 Algeria
www.blickpunktstrab.net – Trams der Welt / Trams of the World 2020 Daten / Data © 2020 Peter Sohns Seite/Page 1 Algeria … Alger (Algier) … Metro … 1435 mm Algeria … Alger (Algier) … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Algeria … Constantine … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Algeria … Oran … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Algeria … Ouragla … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Algeria … Sétif … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Algeria … Sidi Bel Abbès … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Buenos Aires, DF … Metro … 1435 mm Argentina … Buenos Aires, DF - Caballito … Heritage-Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Buenos Aires, DF - Lacroze (General Urquiza) … Interurban (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Buenos Aires, DF - Premetro E … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Buenos Aires, DF - Tren de la Costa … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Córdoba, Córdoba … Trolleybus … Argentina … Mar del Plata, BA … Heritage-Tram (Electric) … 900 mm Argentina … Mendoza, Mendoza … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Mendoza, Mendoza … Trolleybus … Argentina … Rosario, Santa Fé … Heritage-Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Argentina … Rosario, Santa Fé … Trolleybus … Argentina … Valle Hermoso, Córdoba … Tram-Museum (Electric) … 600 mm Armenia … Yerevan … Metro … 1524 mm Armenia … Yerevan … Trolleybus … Australia … Adelaide, SA - Glenelg … Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Australia … Ballarat, VIC … Heritage-Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm Australia … Bendigo, VIC … Heritage-Tram (Electric) … 1435 mm www.blickpunktstrab.net – Trams der Welt / Trams of the World 2020 Daten / Data © 2020 Peter Sohns Seite/Page -
French Light Rail
NEW FRENCH LIGHT RAIL SYSTEMS IN THE TWENTYFIRST CENTURY (Twentyone tramways, five tram-trains, five rubber-tyred tramways and one metro) -------------- by Graham Jellett Light Rail Transit Association Website: www.lrta.org Email: graham at jellett.plus.com Mobile: 07758087389 NEW TRAMWAYS, TRAM-TRAINS and METRO IN FRANCE from 2000 to 2017 Inner Urban Opening Inner Urban Opening Conurbation Population Year Conurbation Population Year STEEL WHEEL TRAMWAYS TRAM-TRAINS 1. Montpellier 264,538 2000 1. Paris T4 2,243,833 2006 2. Orléans 114,185 2000 2. Lyon 491,268 2010 3. Lyon 491,268 2000 3. Mulhouse 110,351 2010 4. Bordeaux 239,399 2003 4. Nantes 287,845 2011 5. Mulhouse 110,351 2006 5. Paris T11 2,243,833 2017 6. Valenciennes 43,471 2006 RUBBER-TYRED “TRAMWAYS” 7. Paris T3 2,243,833 2006 8. Marseille 850,636 2007 1. Nancy * 105,382 2001 9. Le Mans 143,240 2007 2. Caen * 108,793 2002 10. Nice 344,064 2007 3. Clermont- 140,597 2006 11. Toulouse 447,340 2010 Ferrand 12. Reims 180,752 2011 4. Paris T5 2,243,833 2013 13. Angers 148,803 2011 5. Paris T6 2,243,833 2014 14. Brest 140,547 2012 METRO 15. Dijon 151,504 2012 1. Rennes 208,033 2002 16. Le Havre 174,156 2012 (driverless) 17. Tours 134,633 2013 18. Paris T7 2,243,833 2013 Tramways, tram-trains and metros 19. Besançon 115,879 2014 are all electrically powered 20. Aubagne 45,800 2014 * Nancy and Caen trams also have 21. -
ACCIDENTOLOGY of TRAMWAYS Analysis of Reported Events
Service Technique des Remontées Mécaniques et des Transports Guidés REPORT MEDDTL DGITM Technical Department for Mechanical Lifts and Guided Transport Systems systems TramWay Division December 2010 ACCIDENTOLOGY OF TRAMWAYS Analysis of reported events year 2009 evolution 2003 2009 Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable Development, Transport and Housing wwwdeveloppementdurable.gouv.fr Service Technique des Remontées Mécaniques et des Transports Guidés Tramway accident report 2009 – December 2010 Page 2 of 28 Service Technique des Remontées Mécaniques et des Transports Guidés History of document versions Version Date Remarks 0.1 23 December 2010 Version 1 0.2 7 January 2011 Corrections following latest update of database information 0.3 1 February 2011 Minor corrections Case Controller Michel ARRAS STRMTG Tel: 04.76.63.78.78. / Fax: 04.76.42.39.33. Email: michel.arras@developpementdurable.gouv.fr Author Michel ARRAS – TramWay Division Verifier Laetitia MENETRIEUX – TramWay Division Tramway accident report 2009 – December 2010 Page 3 of 28 Tramway accident report 2009 – December 2010 Page 4 of 28 Contents 1. REMINDER ON THE SUBJECT OF THE DATABASE........................................................................8 1.1 THE FIELDS IN THE DATABASE ..............................................................................................................8 1.2 THE CODIFICATION OF TRAMWAY LINES ...............................................................................................8 1.3 DATA .....................................................................................................................................................8