Year 10 History Ark Globe Academy Remote Learning Pack Phase V
Monday 29 June - Friday 10 July
Year 10 History Online lessons Teacher and class code Date and time Session title Mr Taylor, Mr Everett, Miss Thursday 2nd July 2020 Elizabeth England revision and
Youssif exam practice 10am – 11am Class code 10B Mr Taylor, Miss Youssif, Friday 3rd July 2020 Elizabeth England revision and
Miss Bretherton exam practice 10am – 11am Class code 10A Mr Taylor, Mr Everett, Miss Thursday 9th July 2020 Elizabeth England revision and
Youssif exam practice 10am – 11am Class code 10B Mr Taylor, Miss Youssif, Friday 10th July 2020 Elizabeth England revision and
Miss Bretherton exam practice 10am – 11am Class code 10A
Session Title Work to be Resource Outcome On-Line completed provided Support
1 What 1. Read the Resource 1 – Table of plots challenges did informatio information Email Elizabeth face n about the about the v.bretherton@ to her Catholic plots arkglobe.org authority? plots 2. Complete Resource 2 s.youssif@arkg the table – the plots lobe.org for each of table the plots o.taylor@arkgl that obe.org Elizabeth faced o.everett@arkg lobe.org 2. ‘The rebellions 3 PEE paragraphs Essay plan Email show that and a conclusion v.bretherton@ Elizabeth failed arkglobe.org to deal with religious s.youssif@arkg tensions lobe.org throughout her reign.’ To what o.taylor@arkgl extent do you obe.org agree? o.everett@arkg lobe.org
3 What was it Read the Resource 2 sides of notes Email like to be information about v.bretherton@ 3 wealthy in the nobility and arkglobe.org Elizabethan the gentry What was it England? 1. Summarise s.youssif@arkg like to be the key lobe.org features of wealthy in the o.taylor@arkgl Elizabethan nobility. obe.org England? a) Jobs o.everett@arkg
b) Wealth lobe.org c) Titles
2. Summarise the key features of the gentry.
a) Jobs b) Wealth c) Titles
4 Was the Read the Resource 4 Stop and jot note Email Elizabethan interpretations – taking task v.bretherton@ interpretatio era a Golden summarise what it arkglobe.org Age? says about the n and stop Elizabethan era s.youssif@arkg and jot lobe.org Complete the stop handout and jot reading o.taylor@arkgl
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o.everett@arkg lobe.org 5 Was the Using your Resource 5 Table to assess Elizabethan learning from table and Golden Age Email era a Golden session 4, knowledge v.bretherton@ Age? complete the table test Knowledge test arkglobe.org
Complete the s.youssif@arkg knowledge test lobe.org
o.taylor@arkgl obe.org
o.everett@arkg lobe.org
6 What was the Complete the stop Resource 6 Stop and jot note https://www.y role of and jot reading on stop and jot taking task outube.com/w Elizabethan the role of theatre reading. atch?v=m3VG theatre? a6Fp3zI
Email v.bretherton@ arkglobe.org
s.youssif@arkg lobe.org o.taylor@arkgl obe.org o.everett@arkg lobe.org
Resource 1 – information about the plots
The 1570s and 1580s were dangerous decades for Elizabeth; she faced four big Catholic plots against her.
These threats increased after Elizabeth was excommunicated by the Catholic Pope. As the
Pope asked Catholics to end her rule, the plots often involved foreign Catholics.
All had the aim of getting the Catholic Mary, Queen of Scots on the throne and returning
Timeline of events and plots
The plots Date Plot Elizabeth's action
The Catholic Earls of Northumberland and Elizabeth got wind of the Westmoreland hatched a plan to get Mary, Queen of plan and sent a huge army 1569 - The Scots out of jail and on to the throne. They gathered to crush the rebellion. Northern Earls’ an army of 6,000 soldiers in their attempt to return Elizabeth put 800 rebels to Rebellion England to support of King Philip II of Spain, the death and the two Earls fled Duke of Norfolk, and Mary, Queen of Scots to Scotland. herself.Catholicism.
The plot was uncovered by Elizabeth’s advisor, Cecil. Roberto Ridolfi, an Italian banker, planned to 1571 - The Ridolfi and the Spanish assassinate Elizabeth and make Mary queen. He had Ridolfi Plot ambassador were arrested the and expelled from the country.
Throckmorton was executed A young Catholic man, Francis Throckmorton, and Mary was moved to 1583 - The organised a plan for a French army (paid for by the Tutbury Castle in Throckmorton Pope and King Philip II of Spain) to invade England Staffordshire, where she Plot and replace Elizabeth with Mary, Queen of Scots. was held in isolation and allowed no visitors.
Sir Anthony Babington planned to rescue Mary, This finally led to the Queen of Scots from jail and murder Elizabeth. 1586 - The execution of Mary Queen of Secret letters between the plotters and Mary were Babington Plot Scots, Babington and six discovered which gave Elizabeth's advisers the other plotters. evidence needed to prove Mary’s guilt.
The Earl of Essex was an ambitious courtier and member of the Privy Council. He had been sent to crush rebellion in Ireland but had returned having failed. Elizabeth punished him for his failure by removing him from his offices, taking away his monopoly of sweet wines, and placed him under house arrest. This was humiliating for Essex, and made him scared that the Cecil’s in the Privy Council may plot against him, so he planned to rebel. In 1601 – The Essex and the plotters were February 1601 Essex plotted with some who were Essex Rebellion executed. unhappy with Elizabeth’s reign. Their plan was to force Elizabeth to change the men in the Privy Council, especially removing Robert Cecil from power. He took hostages in February 1601 and marched on London – he had hoped that the people of London would support him. They did not. He returned to his House, Essex House, and was arrested. His plot had failed, and he was executed for treason.
Session one – resource 2 the plots table
Who was involved? Causes Events Consequences
Northern Rebellion
1569
Ridolfi Plot
1571
Throckmorton Plot 1583
Babington Plot
1586
Essex Rebellion
1601
Session 3 – what was it like to be wealthy in Elizabethan England? Society was very structured.
Royalty
Nobility
Gentry
Peasants
In Elizabethan society, everyone knew their place. Wealth and owning land meant power. If you made money, you would buy land, which would make you more money and raise your social status.
The nobles: • owned lots of land and held positions of power • Held the most senior positions such as privy councillor • Passed land and titles down to sons • Were the most respected members of society, other than the queen • Average annual income = £6000 (£1 million today) • Born into nobility or (rarely) awarded a title by the queen • Had special privileges e.g. exemption from torture • If they committed treason they would be beheaded not hanged to avoid public humiliation
However, the Elizabethan age saw the growth of a new group of wealthy people, known as the gentry. They did not have the wealth or social standing of the nobles but became increasingly wealthy and, therefore, powerful.
The gentry: • Landlords of the countryside • Lived on rents of their tenants • Did no manual labour themselves • Varied annual income - £10 to £200 (£1700 to £34,000 in today’s money) • Some were wealthier than poorer nobles • Significant influence and power – roles such as Justice of the Peace and serving in Parliament • Some were knighted • Some had the title ‘esquire’ • Gentry grew as the country became more stable under Elizabeth
Why was there a rise in the gentry?
Tudors’ suspicion of the ‘old’ nobility • Nobility were seen as a threat, so the Tudors granted few new titles and excluded them from government. The gentry became politically powerful.
Dissolution of the old monasteries by Henry VIII • They owned a ¼ of all land. Their dissolutions meant that more land was available to buy, which the gentry took advantage of.
Increasing wealth • Growth in trade and exploration, population growth, rising prices helped gentry families make fortunes. They used this to establish estates, educate themselves and build grand houses.
The gentry’s money helped fuel the cultural achievement of the Elizabethan age, know as the ‘golden age’.
Session 4 - Was the Elizabethan era a ‘Golden Age’? Interpretation: Queen Elizabeth I was an incredibly popular queen whose reign is remembered as a ‘golden age’ of culture and growth. The Elizabethan Era is known for Francis Drake’s exploration of the ‘new world,’ the English defeat of the Spanish Armada and Sir Walter Raleigh’s colonial exploration, the development of the Shakespearean theatre and the beginnings of an English overseas empire. Yet it was also a time marked by war, economic depression, and religious conflict. Deep tensions between Protestants and Catholics came from England’s recent break with the Roman Catholic Church by Elizabeth’s father, Henry VIII. 1. What does the interpretation above say about the Elizabethan era? Was it a golden age?
The Golden Age In the 15th century there was an intellectual and cultural movement in What contributed to the Europe called The Renaissance. This movement involved a renewed Golden Age? interest in the achievements of the Ancient Greeks and Romans. By the 16th century it had spread to England. It led to new ideas and changes in art, literature, music, architecture and science. For example, Francis Bacon argued that experiments were needed to test scientific theories. There was a building boom with new ideas about architecture being promoted by the leading architect, Robert Smythson. When Elizabeth became Queen there were no theatres in the country but by the end of her reign there were seven theatres, including the Globe Theatre. During Elizabeth’s reign, the gentry class also grew massively. The gentry What contributed to the did not belong to the aristocracy. Their status and power was based purely Golden Age? on their wealth. The growth in trade and exploration, together with population growth and rising prices, all helped gentry families make their fortune. The gentry used their wealth to build grand houses and sponsor artistic and literary endeavours; this helped strengthen their status in society. The Queen and her Court set fashions which were then copied by others. What contributed to the For example, heavy white make-up became fashionable due to Elizabeth’s Golden Age? use of it. In addition, Elizabeth supported the growth of the theatre. Initially, Elizabeth and her advisors treated actors with suspicion, believing them to live immoral lives and plays were seen as dangerous, due to the large crowds they attracted. However by the 1570s, Elizabeth and her advisors saw the theatre as a potential vehicle for propaganda, especially as it was affordable to ordinary people. Members of the nobility even funded theatre companies. Elizabeth’s favourite, Robert Dudley, was the patron of the Leicester’s Company. Plays could be used to influence the thoughts and feelings of the audiences in favour of the Queen. In addition, the theatre could act as a source of distraction for the poor and discontented lower classes, making a rebellion less likely. The most famous Elizabethan playwright was William Shakespeare. His play, Richard III, presented Elizabeth’s grandfather, Henry VII, to be the saviour of the nation. The growth of the printing press (invented in the 15th century) meant that What contributed to the new ideas could now spread at greater speed. New grammar schools and Golden Age? university colleges were set up and the English became better educated. However, Elizabeth’s government also controlled the printing press in order to make sure what was printed boosted the regime. The most widely read book in Elizabeth’s reign was John Foxe’s Book of Martyrs. Foxe was a protestant whose book presented Elizabeth as rescuing England from the horrors of Catholic rule as he demonised Mary Tudor. Not everyone welcomed the cultural developments. Puritans opposed the Why can the idea of the theatre as they saw is as something sinful and a distraction from Golden Age be disputed? prayer. They also associated the theatre with the Romans who they saw as
the enemies of Christians as they had killed Christ. There were also concerns that theatres were dangerous places where there was drunkenness, crime and other immoral behaviour. Some also argued that large gatherings might spread diseases. A law was passed in 1572 to force all actors to be licensed due to suspicion about the respectability of actors. However, this had the consequence of making actors organise themselves into companies and theatres began to be opened. Most of the population remained in poverty and illiterate. Elizabethan Why can the idea of the society has a very rigid social structure. The popular view of the poor was Golden Age be disputed? that they were lazy and undeserving. Life expectancy was low. Only a small minority lived in luxury and were able to really benefit from the developments of the Golden Age. During Elizabeth’s reign, torture and brutal execution were still used by the Why can the idea of the government.. Life was very difficult for Catholics after the papal bull of Golden Age be disputed? 1570 that excommunicated Elizabeth. They were fined for not taking part in Protestant services and Catholics were not allowed to travel more than 5 miles from home. Despite scientific breakthroughs in some areas, other practices were Why can the idea of the questionable-alchemy (turning cheap metal into gold) and astrology (using Golden Age be disputed? the planets to predict the future) were very popular.
The idea of a ‘golden age’ was encouraged by Elizabeth and her Why can the idea of the government. The term Gloriana was used to describe the spreading of this Golden Age be disputed? message. For Elizabeth, this was a useful way of securing her popularity and strengthening her reign.
Session 5 – was Elizabeth’s reign a ‘Golden Age’ for England? Yes – it was a Golden Age (progress and No – it was not a Golden Age (problems) achievement)
Your judgement
Knowledge test: The Golden Age 1. What was the name of the intellectual and cultural movement that encouraged the spread of new ideas? 2. Which social group became more powerful and wealthy during Elizabeth’s reign? 3. Why did they build grand houses and support artistic movements? 4. What was the name of the book written by John Foxe that presented Elizabeth as rescuing England from the horrors of Catholic rule? 5. Which Shakespeare play made Elizabeth’s grandfather as a saviour of England? 6. How many theatres were there at the end of Elizabeth’s reign? 7. Why did Elizabeth support the theatre? 8. Which religious group opposed the theatre? 9. Which group were persecuted in the Elizabethan era? 10. What term describes the spreading of the message that the Elizabethan era was a ‘golden age’?
Session 6 The role of theatre in Elizabethan England
During Elizabeth's reign, one of the most popular forms of Who would visit the theatre? entertainment was the theatre. Every week everyone, from the queen down to the ordinary people, would come and watch performances of comedy, tragedy, and history plays. Many of these plays proved so popular that they are still performed to this day. Rich and poor alike visited public theatres.
These audiences had a huge appetite for new plays and What is a patron? many writers became very successful trying to keep up with the demand. Playwrights, including William Shakespeare, produced many new plays every year and their work was performed by theatre companies such as the Lord Chamberlain's Men and the Admiral's Men. The companies were usually named after the person who provided their funding: the patron. Acting was an entirely male profession with the female Who could be an actor? roles performed by boys. The most successful and popular actors could become very famous and would often return to roles they had played before or have parts specifically written for them in new plays. Richard Burbage (1568- 1619) was one of the most celebrated actors of the Elizabethan period. As a leading member of the Lord Chamberlain's Men, a theatre company, he was the first to play many famous roles including Hamlet and King Lear. As well as acting, Burbage was a theatre owner.
William Shakespeare (1564-1616) is the most celebrated What three categories can Shakespeare's playwright of all time and was the principal writer for the plays be divided into? Lord Chamberlain's Men. He wrote 38 plays, which can be divided into three categories: histories, tragedies and comedies. Histories included plays like Julius Caesar and Richard III. History plays often followed each other chronologically with the same characters and actors appearing in them. Tragedies included Romeo and Juliet, and comedies such as A Midsummer Night's Dream were designed to keep the audience laughing and coming back for more - common features included mistaken identity and endings involving marriage.
Shakespeare's history plays tended to suit the Tudor view Which view did the plays tend to suit? of the past and were used as propaganda. For example, a play called A Larum for London that showed Spanish soldiers killing innocent civilians in Antwerp was performed many times during Elizabeth's conflict with Philip II in the 1580s.
At the beginning of Elizabeth's reign, a visit to the theatre When would people go to the theatre? generally meant visiting an inn and watching a performance inside or out in the yard. By the end of Elizabeth's reign, a number of purpose-built theatres existed and visiting one became a popular way to spend an afternoon. Performances usually began at 3:00 pm and continued into the evening. Prices varied, depending on where you sat (or stood).
The performance itself was often more like a circus than How did visitors behave? what we might expect at a modern theatre. Audience
members would push and shove to try to get a better view and heckling was not uncommon. The theatre became an important part of life during Elizabeth's reign, particularly among the nobility. Being the patron (investor) of a theatre company was an How was the theatre experience similar important way to show how cultured you were and also a or different for the rich and the poor? good way to please the queen. For ordinary people, a trip to the theatre offered a cheap afternoon's entertainment. Although they occupied very different parts of the theatre building, the rich and the poor watched and enjoyed the same performances.
Although very popular, some saw the theatre as sinful and Why opposed the theatre and why? campaigned to have it banned. Theatres were seen as dangerous places where drunkenness, crime and other immoral behaviour took place. Many were concerned that such large gatherings of people might spread disease (although they had no understanding of germs). Religious groups such as the Puritans wanted the theatres closed down completely as they saw them as a distraction. They believed that people should be spending their free time praying and studying the Bible rather than watching plays. Attending these entertainments may have made them less willing to sit through a sermon! Although restrictions were put in place at various times, the theatre's popularity continued, largely due to Elizabeth I's enjoyment of it. The opposition that theatre faced shows just how influential and important it had become.