Newsletter | September 2011 Catch-MR (Cooperative approa- Encouraging more use of public transport ches to transport challenges in - fourth workshop in Oslo, Norway Metropolitan Regions) is an Inter- reg IVC project running from Jan- «Transport is fundamental to our economy and society. Mobility is vital for uary 2010 until December 2012 the internal market and for the quality of life of citizens as they enjoy their with a total budget of approxi- freedom to travel. Transport enables economic growth and job creation: it mately Euro 2 million. must be sustainable in the light of the new challenges we face. Transport The project is aiming at pro- is global, so effective action requires strong international cooperation. (…) moting sustainable transport so- Curbing mobility is not an option.» lutions and will by the end of the project period present a Guide European Commision White Paper - Roadmap to a Single European on effi-cient mobility and sus- Transport Area – Towards a competitive and resource efficient trans- tainable growth in Metropolitan port system, March 2011 regions. Workshop Oslo-Akershus, Norway Workshop March 7-9 2011 in Oslo. Encouraging more use of public transport – Public transport priority, Parking po- licy, Financing and Road user charging. Hosted by the City of Oslo and Akershus County Council. Participants at the Oslo-Akershus workshop in March. 4. Newsletter | September 2011 Parking policy (page 5) can be an efficient tool to reduce car travel into city centres. By reducing cars’ access to a city center, chaos in the narrow streets can be reduced, giving priority for public transport and reducing local emissions from cars. Road user charging (page 9 and 15) was the main theme for many of the visitors. The lessons learned from Oslo-Akershus are unique and were discussed in detail. The partners fell into four categories: Oslo- Akershus has had a toll-ring for more than 20 years; Gothenburg and Budapest are planning for a road charging system; Ljubljana and Rome are discussing Four key themes were discussed at the workshop: and in Berlin-Brandenburg and Vienna road charging seems very unlikely. Welcome to Oslo Financing public transport (page 7) is an essen- tial task in all seven regions. All regions need stable The workshop in Oslo March 7. – 9. 2011 was ope- and long-term financing of the public transport. How ned with a welcome speech by Mr. Per Morstad, as- are the transport organizations able to solve and im- sistant director of infrastructure, Oslo’s Department prove their financing situation? What can we learn of Transport and Environment. He pointed out the from those regions that have developed a simplified importance of exchange of experience, and that this form of organization? form of workshop can be very useful to form good practice within local government and administration. Giving public transport priority (page 4) will en- On this note he wished all participants a pleasant courage faster and more reliable transport. Public and productive stay. transport will become more attractive for the passen- gers and more economical for the operators. In what After the introduction meeting at Oslo’s city hall the way could public transport be given greater priority? hosts arranged a guided tour of Oslo and Lower Ro- In addition to the main themes, two Norwegian re- merike, north-east of Oslo. The participants viewed searchers gave presentations on related topics: the dramatic improvements of tunnel systems and new roads, which the 20 year-old toll system of the March 8th was the 100th International Women’s Day. Oslo Package’s has financed. Mrs. Randi Hjorthol from The Institute of Transport Economy (TØI) was specially invited to lecture on We stopped by two Metro stations illustrating the Transport and Gender (page 9). Hjorthol suggested difference. Nydalen, a former industrial site now re- that transport is still a male bastion and that women’s sidential and business area formed successfully in transport needs could be given higher priority. proximity to a new Metro ring. Veitvet a post war su- burb, formed like Nydalen in its time in proximity to a Mr Petter Christiansen, also from TØI, introduced a Metro line, illustrated how also Oslo has work left to recently completed study of international research do within the old Metro system. In Lower Romerike that has been done on Urban Sprawl. Urban sprawl the participants could also see how urban sprawl ma- represents one of the main problems in land-use nifests itself in the region. and transport. There is no common definition of ur- ban sprawl and the historical development of each region is of course very important. Land use and transport issues for project partners have already been discussed by Gothenburg and Vienna. In his presentation, Christiansen made use of other stud- ies to identifiy and describe the driving forces behind urban sprawl that are common across all of Europe. 2 | Catch-MR 4. Newsletter | September 2011 The workshop was opened with a welcome speech by Assistant Director of Infrastructure Per Morstad, from Oslo’s Department for Transport and Environment. Political support The CATCH-MR project gets encouraging political The deputy Mayor elaborated on some points after his backing from Oslo and Akershus. The deputy Ma- introductory speech. yor of Akershus County Council Inge Solli opened «We are really putting a lot of effort into making bet- the working session of second day and shared his ter solutions for public transport, and it seems that thoughts on public transport. we are doing something right. We had an increase of passengers of 5.8 percent last year, and we Solli told about the status and challenges in Ak- hope to increase the number even more this year.» ershus. The county is growing very fast and has a He is very positive to the Catch MR project. young population. Many Akershus citizens travel to «Our toll road system, for example, is unique, and Oslo for work, and Oslo and Akershus need to work it is good that other cities can learn from what we do. together closely in areas like long term planning and I think the best thing about our toll system is that half transport. This has resulted in a common company of the money we earn from it is dedicated to public for public transport, Ruter. The Oslo region is Nor- transport.» way’s dominant transport Solli also talks about the climate challenge and hub for goods and passen- how the public transport company, Ruter, is focus- gers, but still has big un- ing on public transport solutions that are good for the solved issues, especially re- environment. lated to railway infrastructure. «We recently started a project with buses that will run on hydrogen; they will be on the roads from 2012. We are also building a filling station for the hydrogen. Deputy Mayor of Akershus County Council, Inge Solli. This is really exciting!» Catch-MR | 3 4. Newsletter | September 2011 Main junction: Oslo Central Station for train, bus, tram and metro. Public transport priority Priority measures Giving public transport increased priority will en- Ljubljana and Budapest mainly focused on priority courage faster and more reliable journeys. Public solutions on existing roads. Budapest has positive transport will become more attractive for passen- experience with establishing separate lanes for pub- gers and more economical for the operators. How lic transport. However, this often involves taking one could public transport be given greater priority? lane from car drivers. In Ljubljana there is some con- cern that simply converting existing car lanes would Changed focus from capacity for vehicles not be acceptable. Other measures specified by Lju- to capacity for persons bljana and Budapest were park and ride at all stra- Oslo and Akershus are currently working on a joint tegically located intermodal points, unified ticketing, plan for land use and transport. Road capacity, ca- congestion charging and the advantages of estab- pacity at bus stops and main terminals and acces- lishing an integrated transport-organizing authority. sibility measures are pointed out as crucial in order The problem many metropolitan regions face to utilize the full potential of the transport system. when prioritizing public transport is space. The exist- The focus must change from vehicle capacity to to- ing roads within the city centre are limited by build- tal capacity for passengers, especially in the inner city. Good intermodality, strategies for park and ride and feeder-buses will secure a cohesive and effi- It is not always easy to prioritise public transport on cient travel chain, which also includes cycling and overcrowded roads. Trams risk sharing the same queues as cars – example from Budapest walking. Five categories of public transport priority During the Oslo workshop, Vienna listed five cat- egories of public transport priority: Political (strate- gic documents, decisions on implementation), legal (public transport in road traffic regulation),financial (allocation of funds), informational (visibility in pub- lic space, visibility in maps, other information) and technical (separate public transport lanes, signal- ing priority, optimizing travel time and distance be- tween stops, easy passenger boarding). 4 | Catch-MR 4. Newsletter | September 2011 ings and other established public areas. The only option there is to reorganize traffic and take space away from one group of users (most often from cars), in order to prioritize public transport. This is not easy to get approved, as reducing space for cars in the city could be seen as a restrictive policy which would be politically controversial. Lessons to be learned Key measures can be identified to encourage more people to use public transport. Reliability, punctuality and speed of public transport are important factors, as well as good information. Public transport should also be perceptibly cheaper than using private cars.