JCCD 2018 Plants Available Deciduous Trees

Oregon White Oak (Quercus garryana)

Mature Height: 60'-80' Moisutre: Moist to dry Exposure: Partial shade to full sun Important wildlife habitat species .

Pacific Crabapple (Malus fusca) Crabapples are excellent wildlife plants: butterflies feed on the nectar; the leaves are food for their larvae. Pheas- ants, sapsuckers, woodpeckers, jays, robins, and more eat the fruits. Hum- mingbirds use the nectar.

Pacific Dogwood (Cornus nuttalii) Upright deciduous tree . It is best Adapted to, well drained soils and in areas ranging from sunny to shady. Mature Height: 40-60’ Moisture: Well drained soils Exposure: Partial shade to sun Can grow as an understory species, or on very sunny exposed ridges

Rocky Mountain Maple (Acer glabrum) Mature Height: 10'-30' Moisture: Moist to dry Exposure: Partial shade to sun Can grow as an understory species, or on very sunny exposed ridges Deciduous Shrubs Blue Elderberry (Sambucus nigra ssp cerulea) This is a great plant! Use this handsome plant in a wild garden, where its spectacular displays of flower and fruit can be enjoyed. Blue Elderberry can be found growing in a wide range of sites from wet to dry and sunny to shady. It grows best with ample sun. It is quick to establish, and fast growing once established. Its dark blue berries have been favored for generations for use in preserves, pies and wine.

Douglas spirea (Spirea douglasii) Also know as Hardhack is widely distributed in western Washington at low elevations. A deciduous shrub that can grow from 3-8 feet tall. Spreads through underground runners creating dense thickets. Grows in a wide range of conditions—sun or shade, damp, marshy sites or open rocky upland dry areas.

Golden Currant (Ribes aureum) Mature Height: 4'-7' Moisture: Moist to dry Exposure: Partial shade to full sun Drought tolerant, edible berries, favorable wildlife species, often used in orna- mental landscapes

Indian Plum (Oemleria cerasiformis)

Mature Height:10'-15' Moisture: Moist to dry, well drained Exposure: Partial shade to full sun First shrub to flower in spring

Mock Orange (Philadelphus lewisii) Often recommended for erosion control, most folks plant this beauty for its fragrant June-July blossoms. Seed are eaten by many birds including grosbeaks, juncos, thrushes, bluebirds, flickers, quail, and the chickadee-finch group. It's a good nectar plant for butterflies, too. Pre- fers open sun and dry soils.

Nootka Rose (Rosa nutkana) If you have a spare corner, or better, a place for a thicket, consider the Nootka Rose. The bloom is charming and the fruits, or hips, add color to the fall and winter landscape. Essential in a wildlife garden that has room for them, they are useful on restoration projects. They tend to spread to make a thicket. Pacific ninebark (Physocarpus capitatus) . A large deciduous shrub that can grow to 15 feet tall. This plant prefers moist soils. Its dense matting root system makes it useful in stream-side stabilization. The peeling layers of cinnamon col- ored bark provides attractive winter interest.

Peafruit rose (Rosa pisocarpus) or clustered wild rose is a slender upright decid- uous shrub that can grow to 4-8 feet tall, and 3-5 feet wide. Commonly found growing in riparian moist, but also drier soils.. Grows well in open sunny areas .

Red Elderberry (Sambucus racemosa) is a large, sprawling, upright deciduous shrub. It grows from 10 to 20 feet tall, and spreads from 7 to 15 feet wide. In the spring this tall shrub is decorated with creamy white odorous flower clusters. Red Elderberry can be found growing in a wide range of sites from wet to dry and sun- ny to shady, and tolerates a variety of soils. It favors stream banks, swampy thick- ets, moist clearings and open forests.

Red Flowering Currant (Ribes sanguineum) Many gardeners who love this plant do not realize it is a native, found in our

Pacific Northwest forest. While Red-flowering Currant survives under less than desirable conditions, its real beauty comes when it is nurtured with ample wa- ter and good soil. The blue-black fruits are appreciated by the birds.

Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea) Considering the response of those who see it in the landscape, it's a wonder the this Dogwood isn't planted more often! Usu- ally multi-stemmed, it can be grown with a single trunk. Its layered effect offers a good horizontal element in the garden. Blossoms are good for butterflies.

Serviceberry (Amelanchier alnifolia) Mature Height: 6'-15' Moisture: Moist to dry, well drained Exposure: Partial shade to full sun Versatile shrub. also known as Saskatoon, is a delightful native shrub cultivated for its racemes of adorable, 5-petaled, star-shaped, white-pink flowers, and its fine autumn color and fruit. The fruit is edible. Snowberry (Symphoricarpos albus) Soft blue-green leaves set off the small, pinkish- white, urn-shaped flowers where hummingbirds come for nectar. Plant this to offer shelter to birds and small animals, to control erosion, or to add a light texture to an informal hedge or woodland. Clusters of marble-sized white berries provide winter food when there's not much else available for birds. This will spread over time.

Thimbleberry (Rubus parviflorus) Can be found on a variety of moist to dry wooded open sites A low growing deciduous shrub 1.5 to 8 feet tall Grows on barren to infertile soil types. Flowers are showy white to, rarely, pink and in clusters of 2-7. Stems typically live for 2-3 years. Fruit is a ag- gregate of hairy, red or scarlet drupelets. Birds love the berries.

Black Twinberry (Lonicera involucrata) is a deciduous shrub that grows to 12 feet tall, spreading to 10 feet wide. Adaptability: Twinberry is most com- monly found growing in moist sites such as stream sides, bogs, and lake shores. It grows as a shaded under-story species, or in exposed, open areas. Evergreen Shrubs

Evergreen Huckleberry (Vaccinium ovatum) This broadleaf evergreen shrub is native to Pacific coast forests and is popular amongst animals and humans. Glossy green leaves contrast against tiny white-pink flowers that yield tasty purple-black berries. Great for a hedge or backdrop in the shade.

Low Oregon Grape (Mahonia nervosa) is a broad-leaf evergreen shrub and can grow to 2-3 feet in height. It has dull green leaves with a purplish tinge contrast- ed by bright yellow flowers that transform into edible blue berries. Oregon Grape is adapted to grow in a wide range of conditions throughout Washington. It can be found growing in soils that range from dry to moist, and sites that vary from exposed to shady.

Pacific Rhododendron (Rhododendron macrophyllum) is a medium to large size shrub growing 2-9 m tall. The leaves are 7-23 cm long and 3-7 cm broad. The flowers are 2.8-4 cm long; with five lobes varying in color, but usually pink. This species, like many rhododendrons, thrives in disturbed habitats such as roadside embankments and recently deforested wildlands. Pacific rhododendron offers erosion protection on steep watersheds.

Tall Oregon Grape (Mahonia aquifolium) Bright yellow flowers, bronzy new growth of stout evergreen foliage, attractive dark blue berries in summer, and colorful, red-purple tones in winter---what more could you ask! Add drought tolerance (once established) and good wildlife habitat, and you've got a great landscaping plant! A native, it adapts well to many situations. It is often diffi-

JCCD 2018 Plants Available Ground Cover / Vines Deer fern (Blechnum spicant) This evergreen resembles a small sword fern with the same growth habits. They enjoy moist to wet forest growing under alder and on stream banks. They do well with consistent moisture, light sunlight and prefer cool weather

Kinnikinnik (Arctostaphlos uva-ursi) It forms an evergreen, low-growing mat 6- 12in tall and a single plant may spread to a 10ft wide area under ideal conditions- but it is not invasive. Kinnikinnick will grow in many different sites proving that they are well drained with ample exposure to sun light. It is particularly well suited to dry areas. It is also tolerant of salt spray, making it a good ground cover for seaside locations.

Maidenhair fern (Adiantum aleuticum) prefer the understory of moist conifer- ous forest. Delicate, light green, palmately branched feather-like leaves with black stems. They will grow in partial to full shade stream banks, cliffs and wa- terfall zones. They can mainly be found growing in acidic, moist soil rich in or- ganic material. They grow 1-2 feet height and spread.

Salal (Gaultheria shallon) is adapted to grow in a wide variety of sites. It grows in sun or shade, and in soils that range from damp to dry. It does better in rich, moist soils. Salal is one of the better ground covers for this region. Few are adapted to grow in such a wide variety of sites as this one.

Sword fern (Polystichum munitum) prefer the understory of moist coniferous for- est at low elevations. They do well with consistent moisture, light sunlight and prefer cool weather. This is an easy to plant to grow. The uncurling fiddle-heads signal spring, and the developed fronds add structure and texture.

JCCD 2018 Plants Available Conifers

Alaska Yellow Cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis) Mature Height: 60'-80' Moisture: Moist, well drained Exposure: Partial shade to full sun Cultural importance and has a narrow growth habit that is beneficial for small spaces

Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) Coastal Douglas Fir ranges from California , to central British Columbia. It extends from the Pacific Coast up the west slope of the Cascades to 5,000 feet. It grows on soils that vary from moist to dry. It is not tolerant of soils that are compacted or poorly drained. It is a poor competitor with heavy grass or brush. Young seedlings and saplings will tolerate some shade, but require ample sunlight to grow. It is a major component of forests throughout North America. Browsing damage caused by deer, elk, and rodents can result in significant damage to young seedlings and saplings, and may require appropriate protection.

Grand Fir (Abies grandis) These statuesque trees thrive in open, sunny areas with good drainage, and can be used as a choice ornamental specimen. The bark of Abies grandis was used medicinally by indigenous tribes to treat cold and fever. The needles, when handled or rustled, exude an enlivening citrus-like scent, which has helped Grand fir become an American favorite- now commonly used as a Christmas Tree.

Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) has a wide range of adaptability. It can be found from wet, low, poorly drained sites, to steep upland, rocky, dry sites. It is adapted to sites with low soil fertility and ocean climate influence. It is often the only tree species on very difficult sites. Growth and vigor improve with proper site prepara- tion and maintenance however. Shore Pine has proven to be a valuable riparian species. Its high tolerance to heavy, wet soils makes it a good species for the ri- parian zone.

Sitka Spruce (Picea stichensis) is adapted to grow in a narrow band along the Pacific Coast from northern California to south-central Alaska. It is best suited to grow on deep, moist, aerated soils. It is not very tolerant of soils that are com- pacted or poorly drained. Growth is poor on swampy sites. Young seedlings and saplings will tolerate some shade, but require ample sunlight to reach maturity. Sitka Spruce is one of the predominant species along the northwest coast of North America. It is an important riparian species along streams. Western Hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) grows throughout Western Washington, from sea level, up to 4,000 feet. It grows on sites that range from fairly dry to moist, in exposures that range from sunny to shaded, and in soils from clay to hu- mus, although it grows best in soils with high organic content. Its shade tolerance allows it to be used successfully as an understory species. It grows best with sun, ample moisture and rich soil. While it grows best in moist soils, it should be noted that it does not grow in soils that are saturated for extended periods.

Western Red Cedar (Thuja plicata) is adapted to grow throughout the NW. It will grow in full sun to shade, although the growth rates can be very slow in deep shade. Western Red Cedar grows in a wide range of soil types, but it is best adapted to soils that are moist and fine textured. It can be abundant in forested swamps, and riparian areas. It can also be found on drier upland sites, west of the Cascades.