LakeWise Shoreline Planting Guide A guide to creating beautiful healthy shorelines

Snohomish County Public Works Surface Water Management Become LAKEWISE Certified Make “Clear Choices” for Healthy Lakes Lakewise is a Snohomish County program that helps residents reverse declining water quality trends in lakes. It is completely voluntary. Make the clear choices below for lawns and yards and septic systems to protect your lake and have your property LakeWise certified.

Lawns & Yards ­ P Avoid fertilizer or use phosphorus-free products. P Attend a FREE natural lawn care workshop (sign up at www.LakeWise.org). Look for a “0” in the middle of the label P on your fertilizer bag. Scoop pet waste, bag it and place it in the trash. 22 0 12 P Divert roof and driveway runoff to stable, vegetated areas. P Cover bare soil with mulch or plants and fix eroding areas.

Septic Systems­ P Schedule routine inspections with a certified professional at least every 3 years. P Attend a FREE septic care workshop (sign up at www.LakeWise.org).

Get started today! Sign up for a FREE site visit. Call 425-388-3204.

Healthy Shore Certification Provide more lake protection by achieving this extra certification for your shoreline property. P Maintain existing non-lawn shoreline vegetation. P Re-establish shoreline vegetation by replacing some lawn with other plants such as shrubs, perennials and trees. Contents | Introduction

Introduction Contents The LakeWise healthy shores plant list is a selection of commonly available plant species and varieties suitable for shorelines in Western Washington. The list provides a Introduction ...... Page 1 sampling of native lakeshore plants as well as a few ornamental plants that will succeed on lake shorelines.

Finding Plants in this Guide The plants are separated into three categories based on their How to Use this Guide ...... Page 2 type and height. Use the index on page 4 and 5 to quickly find a common name.

Tall Shrubs to Tree: woody plants typically greater than 10’ tall and trees A Planting Zones ...... Page 3 Small to Medium Shrubs: woody plants typically B less than 5-10 feet tall Perennials, Ferns, Grasses, Groundcovers: C low growing plants Index of Plants ...... Page 4

Plants List ...... Page 6

Sample Planting Designs ...... Page 19

PAGE 1 How to Use this Guide

Deciduous/Evergreen D = Deciduous: seasonally drops leaves E = Evergreen: retains leaves year round Consider incorporating evergreen plants for winter color

Soil Moisture Planting Zone (see page 3) Native Plants Zone 1: Plants tolerate standing water in the winter Look for the green leaf symbol to find native Zone 2: Plants tolerate occasional standing water plants. Native plants are well-suited to local condi- and dry summers tions and require little maintenance when established. Zone 3: Plants prefer drier conditions They also provide great food and cover for wildlife.

ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Plant’s Scientific Name Details and/or description of Photo of the Plant 12" - 36" 12" - 36" May to June Plant’s Common Name 1 2 3 D the plant Photo Source Photo

Sun Exposure Plant Spacing When planning your plant layout, remember to consider that Consider the full height and spread of your plants some areas of the site may be sunny and some may be shady. at maturity when creating your design. To reduce Be sure to select plants that will thrive in your site conditions. the need for weeding and mulching, plant with sufficient density to eliminate bare soil at plant’s Sun Part Sun/Part Shade Shade maturity.

PAGE 2 Soil Moisture Planting Zones

Find Your Zones Use the guide below to identify soil moisture planting zones on your property and choose plants that can tolerate those conditions. You may already know of wetter areas near your shoreline which are indicated by squishy soils or observed high water. You can also dig a few test holes to assess your soils at different times Zone of the year. Flatter properties typically have a long Zone 1 or Zone 2, while steeper properties have a quicker transition to the drier Zone 3. 3 Zone Zone 2 1

Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Located closest to the lake, this area frequently has This zone is a transition area. Plants must be able to This zone has drier upland soils rarely inundated standing water in the winter. Soils will be wet and handle both the wet winter conditions and summer with water. This zone may blend with your exist- squishy except in the driest months. Plants must be drought periods. During periods of heavy rainfall, ing landscaping or lawn. Many plants will thrive able to tolerate seasonal high water. soils will be saturated and feel squishy. In the summer in these drier conditions. months, soils will be dry. Example plants: slough sedge, soft rush, sweet gale, Example plants: kinnikinnick, Oregon grape, Douglas spirea (hardhack), pea-fruit rose, and Example plants: sword fern, evergreen huckleberry, red red-flowering currant, and oceanspray red-twig dogwood elderberry, vine maple, snowberry, cascara, and birch PAGE 3 Plant Index

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME PAGE COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME PAGE Heuchera micrantha, H. clorantha, Elderberry, red Sambucus racemosa 7 Alum root 16 or H. cylindrica Fern, deer Blechnum spicant 13 Bearberry (Kinnikinnick) Arctostaphylos uva-ursi 13 Fern, lady Athyrium filix-femina 13 Birch, Himalayan Betula utilis jacuemontii 6 Fern, sword Polystichum munitum 17 Birch, paper Betula papyrifera 6 Fescue, Roemer's Festuca idahoensis var roemeri Bishop's hat Epimedium sp. 14 Fleabane, splendid Erigeron speciosus 15 Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia fulgida 'Goldsturm' 17 Fringecup Tellima grandiflora 18 Blueberry, highbush Vaccinium corymbosum 12 Geranium, hardy - bigroot Geranium macrorrhizum 15 Boxwood, Oregon Paxistima myrsinites 10 Geranium, hardy - tiny monster Geranium sanguineum 15 Bulrush, hardstem Schoenoplectus acutus 18 Goatsbeard Aruncus dioicus (A. sylvester) 13 Bulrush, small-fruited Scirpus microcarpus 18 Goldenrod, Canada Solidago lepida 18 Camas Camas quamash or C. leichtlinii 14 Gooseberry, black Ribes divaricatum 10 Cascara Frangula purshiana 6 Hardhack (Douglas spirea) Spiraea douglasii 11 Checker-mallow, Henderson's Sidalcea hendersonii 18 Hawthorn, Douglas Crataegus douglasii 6 Columbine, Western Aquilegia formosa 13 Heather, winter Erica carnea 15 Coneflower, purple Echinacea purpurea 14 Hellebore, Corsican Helleborus argutifolius 15 Coneflower, Western Rudbeckia occidentalis 17 Hosta Hosta sp. 16 Coral bells Heuchera sp. 16 Huckleberry, evergreen Vaccinium ovatum 12 Crabapple, Pacific Malus fusca 7 Huckleberry, red Vaccinium parvifolium 12 Cranberry, highbush Viburnum edule 12 Hydrangea, oakleaf Hydrangea quercifolia 'Pee Wee' 9 Currant, golden Ribes aureum var. aureum 10 Iris, Douglas Iris douglasiana 16 Currant, red-flowering Ribes sanguineum 10 Iris, Oregon or tough-leaf Iris tenax 16 Daylily Hemerocallis 16 Japanese maple Acer palmatum 6 Deer fern Blechnum spicant 13 Kinnikinnick (Bearberry) Arctostaphylos uva-ursi 13 Dogwood, blood-twig Cornus sanguinea 'Midwinter Fire' 8 Lady fern Athyrium filix-femina 13 Dogwood, dwarf red-twig Cornus sericea 'Kelseyi' 8 Lavendar, English Lavendar angustifolia 17 Dogwood, red-twig Cornus sericea (stolonifera) 8 Lupine, bigleaf Lupinus, polyphyllus 17 Dogwood, yellow-twig Cornus sericea 'Flaviramea' 8 Mahonia, compact Mahonia aquifolium 'Compacta' 9

PAGE 4 Plant Index (continued)

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME PAGE COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME PAGE Mahonia, creeping Mahonia repens 9 Rush, Pacific Juncus effusus var pacificus 16 Mahonia, low or longleaf Mahonia nervosa 9 Salal Gaultheria shallon 8 Mahonia, tall Mahonia aquifolium 9 Salmonberry Rubus spectabilis 11 Maple, Japanese Acer palmatum 6 Sea thrift Armeria maritima 13 Maple, vine Acer circinatum 6 Sedge, orange New Zealand Carex testacea 14 Mock-orange Philadelphus lewisii 10 Sedge, slough Carex obnupta 14 Myrtle, Pacific wax Myrica californica 7 Sedge, variegated Japanese Carex oshimensis (C. morrowii) 14 Ninebark, common Physocarpus opulifolius 10 Serviceberry, Western Amelanchier alnifolia 6 Ninebark, Pacific Physocarpus capitatus 10 Shore pine Pinus contorta var. contorta 7 Oceanspray Holodicsus discolor 8 Shrubby cinquefoil Dasiphora (Potentilla) fruticosa 8 Oregon boxwood Paxistima myrsinites 10 Sitka Spruce Picea sitchensis 7 Oregon grape, compact Mahonia aquifolium 'Compacta' 9 Sitka Willow Salix sitchensis 7 Oregon grape, creeping Mahonia repens 9 Snowberry Symphoricarpos albus 12 Oregon grape, low or longleaf Mahonia nervosa 9 Spirea, Douglas (hardhack) Spiraea douglasii 11 Oregon grape, tall Mahonia aquifolium 9 Spirea, subalpine Spiraea densiflora 11 Pacific crabapple Malus fusca 7 Spruce, Sitka Picea sitchensis 7 Pacific wax myrtle Myrica californica 7 Stonecrop Sedum spactabile 18 Paper birch Betula papyrifera 6 Strawberry, wild Fragaria virginiana 15 Pearly everlasting Anaphalis margaritacea 13 Sweet gale Myrica gale 9 Penstemon, Cardwell's Penstemon cardwellii 17 Sword fern Polystichum munitum 17 Penstemon, Cascade or coast Penstemon serrulatus 17 Thimbleberry Rubus parviflorus 11 Pine, shore Pinus contorta var. contorta 7 Tufted hair grass Deschampsia cespitosa 14 Plantain Lily Hosta sp. 16 Twinberry, black Lonicera involucrata 9 Red huckleberry Vaccinium parvifolium 12 Vine maple Acer circinatum 6 Red-flowering currant Ribes sanguineum 10 Western redcedar Thuja plicata 7 Rose, Nootka Rosa nutkana 11 Willow, dwarf blue artic Salix purpurea 'Nana' 11 Rose, peafruit Rosa pisocarpa 11 Willow, Sitka Salix sitchensis 7

PAGE 5 A Tall Shrubs and Trees ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Small, multi-stemmed tree; Acer circinatum brilliant red-orange fall color; 15' - 20' 15' - 20' Early Spring Vine Maple 2 3 D excellent soil binder; attracts wildlife King County Go Native King County

Acer palmatum Attractive foliage in summer 5’ - 20’ 6’ - 18’ Japanese maple 2 3 D and fall Jean-Pol Grandmont Jean-Pol

Attractive multi-stemmed large shrub; brilliant red and Amelanchier alnifolia 8’ - 20’ 5’ - 10’ April to May gold fall foliage; white flow- Western serviceberry 2 3 D ers; edible purple berry fruit;

Snohomish County very drought tolerant

Peeling creamy white bark is Betula papyrifera striking when combined with 50’-90’ 50’-90’ March to May Paperbark birch 2 3 D conifers; flowering catkins appear before leaves Wikimedia-Bouleau

Betula utilis jacquemontii Snow-white peeling bark; tall Himalayan or Jacquemonti 3 D 35’-40’ 18’-20’ April narrow form; drought tolerant birch once established Wikimedia-Radomil

White flowers attract hum- mingbirds and butterflies; Crataegus douglasii thicket- 10’ - 30’ May to June blackish-purple edible fruit Douglas hawthorn 1 2 3 D forming Matt Lavin attracts birds and small mammals

Narrow form fits into small Frangula purshiana spaces; blue-black berries 15’ - 30’ 5’ - 10’ May to June Cascara 2 3 D enjoyed by birds; orange to yellow fall foliage King County Go Native King County

PAGE 6 Tall Shrubs and Trees Tall Shrubs and Trees A ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

White to pink apple blossoms; Malus fusca clusters of yellowish-red 1 2 3 D 10’ - 30’ 10’ - 30’ April to May USFWS Pacific crabapple fruits; nice fall color; attractive to wildlife

Tough, beautiful evergreen shrub; fruit attracts birds; Myrica californica 8’ - 18’ 10’ - 20’ May to June moderately drought tolerant; Pacific wax myrtle 2 3 E prune to maintain desired Peggy Campbell Peggy height

Large conifer; prefers moist Picea sitchensis soil and can tolerate seasonal to 200’ to 30’ May Sitka spruce 1 2 3 E flooding; important wildlife Ben Legler tree

Pinus contorta var. Highly adaptable but prefers good moisture or somewhat 45’ 45’ contorta 2 3 E boggy conditions; tolerant of Shore pine

Walter Siegmund Walter low-nutrient soils

Great shrubby tree for wet areas; dark shiny leaves; Salix sitchensis 10’-20’ 8’-10’ April to June provides erosion control and Sitka willow 1 2 D Ben Legler excellent wildlife habitat; can be pruned aggressively.

White flowers attract hum- mingbirds and butterflies; Sambucus racemosa 10’ 10’ May to June red berries attract birds; Red elderberry 2 3 D twigs, leaves, roots and bark Wikimedia-MPF toxic to humans

Prefers moist soils; toler- Thuja plicata ates seasonal flooding and 80’ - 120’ 30’ - 50’ Western red cedar 1 2 3 E perennially saturated soils;

Walter Siegmund Walter excellent wildlife tree

PAGE 7 B Small to Medium Shrubs ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Cornus sanguinea Bright yellow-orange stems; striking winter color; tiny ‘Midwinter Fire’ 5' - 6' 4' - 6' June Blood-twig dogwood 1 2 3 D white flower clusters; adapt-

Peggy Campbell Peggy able to various soil conditions

Clusters of tiny white flowers; Cornus sericea bluish-white fruits; striking 12’ 7’ - 9’ May to June red stems provide winter (stolonifera) 1 2 3 D spreading Red-twig dogwood color; can be pruned back

Snohomish County once established

Cornus sericea Cultivar of native; yellow 6’ 6’ - 8’ June stems provide winter color; ‘Flaviramea’ 2 3 D spreading Yellow-twig dogwood tiny white flower clusters Snohomish County

Dwarf cultivar of native; bright red young stems add Cornus sericea ‘Kelseyi’ 3’ 1.5’ - 3’ June winter color; tiny white Dwarf red-twig dogwood 2 3 D spreading flowers; white - pale blue

Snohomish County drupes attract birds

Low maintence shrub toler- Dasiphora (Potentilla) ates drought and poor soils; May to 36” 36” - 48” bright yellow flowers on fruticosa 2 3 D August Shrubby cinquefoil branches of many tiny leaves; Wikimedia - MPF many cultivars available

Excellent evergreen ground- cover; can be kept low by Gaultheria shallon 5’ 2’ - 5’ March to April cutting back every few years; Salal 2 3 E spreading blue edible berries; can grow

Snohomish County on lake edge on logs/stumps

Creamy-white flower clusters persist as brown seeds over Holodiscus discolor 8’ - 15’ 6’ - 15’ winter; great for native but- Oceanspray 3 D Ben Legler terflies and birds; good soil binder; drought tolerant

PAGE 8 Small to Medium Shrubs Small to Medium Shrubs B ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Hydrangea quercifolia Low-growing variety; large ‘Pee Wee’ 2 3 D 2’ - 4’ 2’ - 4’ June to July oak-shaped leaf; long trusses

Wikimedia Oakleaf hydrangea of white flowers

Hummingbirds attracted to yellow flowers; shiny black Lonicera involucrata 6’ - 9’ 8’ - 10’ Summer/June berries may be poisonous to Black twinberry 1 2 3 D humans; need space to look

Snohomish County best; prune to keep tidy look

Yellow flowers attract hummingbirds/pollinators; Mahonia aquifolium 6’ - 10’ 5’ March to April dark-green and glossy leaflets Tall Oregon grape 2 3 E which look and feel like holly;

Wikimedia-Meggar clusters of blue berries

Mahonia aquifolium Compact form of tall Oregon ‘Compacta’ 2 3 E 2’ -3’ 3’ - 4’ March to April grape species; yellow flowers;

Stan Shebs Stan Compact Oregon grape clusters of blue berries

Lowest of the Oregon grape shrubs; slowly forms ground- Mahonia nervosa 15” - 20” 2’ - 3’ April to May cover; dark-green glossy leaf Longleaf or Low Oregon grape 2 3 E with up to 15 leaflets; can

King County Go Native King County turn mahogany in winter sun

Low, slow-growing, tidy shrub; Mahonia repens 3’ leaves have 5 to 7 leaflets that 2’ - 3’ April to May Creeping Oregon grape 3 E spreading are blue-green with dull surface; native to eastern WA Snohomish County

Attractive leaves emit Myrica gale sweet scent when rubbed; 4’ - 6’ 4’ - 6’ May to June Sweet gale 1 D commonly found on lake shorelines Snohomish County

PAGE 9 B Small to Medium Shrubs ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Low-growing shrub with glossy evergreen foliage for Paxistima myrsinites 24” - 36” 36” April to July shady areas; small maroon Oregon boxwood 2 3 E Ben Legler flowers; tolerates dry shade under mature conifers

Fragrant white flowers; attracts butterflies and bees; Philadelphus lewisii 5’ - 10’ 5’ - 10’ June to July grows in moist, well-drained Mock-orange 1 2 3 D to dry rocky soils. A compact Peggy Campbell Peggy variety (‘Blizzard’) is available.

Grows near lakes, streams and wetlands; excellent Physocarpus capitatus 6’ - 13’ 10’ May to July soil-binding qualities; Pacific ninebark 1 2 3 D provides cover, nesting Walter Siegmund Walter and food for birds

White flower; similar needs as native ninebark; select Physocarpus opulifolius 1 2 D 4’ - 10’ 3’ - 8’ May to June cultivars by mature size and USFWS Common ninebark for chartreuse, green or bronze colored leaves

Thornless shrub with lobed leaves; yellow flowers attract Ribes aureum var. aureum 3’ - 6’ 3’ - 6’ March to June hummingbirds; red-purple Golden currant 2 3 D Ben Legler berries attract fruit-eating birds

Thorny, arching shrub; needs Ribes divaricatum moist soil or summer water- 3’ - 6’ 3’ - 4’ March to June Black gooseberry 2 3 D ing; edible berries; excellent

Shaun Hubbard wildlife plant

Clusters of attractive reddish Ribes sanguineum 6’ - 12’ 4’ - 10’ April to May pink flowers frequented by Red-flowering currant 2 3 D hummingbirds Snohomish County

PAGE 10 Small to Medium Shrubs Small to Medium Shrubs B ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Single, fragrant pink flowers on prickly leafy stems; red Rosa nutkana to 6’ 4’ May to July hips remain on plant through Nootka rose 1 2 3 D winter and provide food for birds Wikimedia-Hawkwings3141

Also known as clustered rose Rosa pisocarpa for its many pink flowers; 8’ 0.5’ - 3’ June Peafruit rose 1 2 3 D spreads quickly by under- ground stems King County Go Native King County

Thornless; large fuzzy leaves; Rubus parviflorus 4’ - 6’ 8’ April to June giant white flowers; red edible Thimbleberry 2 3 D fruit; spreads; attracts wildlife King County Go Native King County

Magenta flowers are early nectar source for humming- Rubus spectabilis 10’ February to 5’ - 10’ birds; yellow-orange edible Salmonberry 1 2 3 D spreading April fruit; forms thickets; good

Snohomish County soil binder

Finely textured blue-gray Salix purpurea ‘Nana’ foliage; small white flowers; 5’ - 8’ 5’ - 8’ April to May Dwarf blue arctic willow 1 2 D purple stems provide winter

Wikimedia-Hojas color; fast-growing

Showy, flat-topped clusters of Spiraea densiflora 3’ - 4’ 2’ - 4’ May to June pink flowers; more compact Subalpine spirea 2 3 D than hardhack King County Go Native King County

Dense spikes of rosy-pink flower clusters; controls Spiraea douglasii June to 7’ 6’ - 10’ erosion; forms dense thicket Douglas spirea; hardhack 1 2 D August along lake edge; can be

Snohomish County trimmed once established

PAGE 11 B Small to Medium Shrubs ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Distinctive clusters of round Symphoricarpos albus 6’ white berries are eye-catching 2’ - 6’ April to June Snowberry 2 3 D spreading in winter; spreads to form thicket Snohomish County

Year-round interest: spring Vaccinium corymbosum flowers; edible summer 4’ - 6’ 4’ - 6’ May High bush blueberry 2 D blueberries; red-orange fall Wikimedia foliage; yellow winter stems

Dark green, evergreen shrub; Vaccinium ovatum small white flowers attract 10’ 6’ March to June Evegreen huckleberry 2 3 E pollinators; edible blue-black huckleberries; attracts wildlife Snohomish County

Grows on rotting stumps Vaccinium parvifolium 6’ - 12’ 5’ May to June or soils rich in decaying wood; Red huckleberry 2 3 D edible tart red huckleberries Walter Siegmund Walter

Viburnum edule White flowers; red or orange 4’ - 10’ 10’ May to June Highbush cranberry 2 3 D fruit that is tart and edible King County Go Native King County

PAGE 12 Perennials, Ferns, Grasses and Groundcover Perennials, Ferns, Grasses and Groundcover C ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Papery pearly-white flower clusters; easy to grow on Anaphalis margaritacea July to 18” - 24” 24” - 36” exposed sunny sites, will Pearly everlasting 3 D November Ben Legler spread underground and can suppress weeds

Orange-red and yellow flow- Aquilegia formosa ers; attracts hummingbirds 12" - 36" 12" - 36" May to June Western columbine 2 3 D and butterflies; will re-seed;

Peggy Campbell Peggy tolerant of seasonal flooding

Low growing, easy-care groundcover; dark evergreen Arctostaphylos uva-ursi 24" - 36" 6" - 12" April to May leaves; bell-shaped pink Kinnikinnick, Bearberry 2 3 E spreading Sten Porse Sten flower buds open white; great for erosion control

Tidy, slow-growing dense mounds of tufted leaves; Armeria maritima 6" - 12" 9'' - 12" May to July profuce pink flowers; grows Sea thrift 2 3 E Wikimedia typically found along salt- water shorelines

Aruncus dioicus Large and graceful perennial; creamy white astilbe-like flow- 30" - 72" 36" - 60" May to July (A. sylvester) 2 3 D ers rise above foliage; benefits Goatsbeard

Wikimedia-JoJan from compost-amended soil

Finely textured wide frond; vigorous grower; tolerant of Athyrium filix-femina 24" - 36" 36" - 60" shallow flooding; can handle Lady fern 1 2 3 D spreading full sun in wet conditions;

Snohomish County prefers shade

Handsome graceful fern looks good year-round; fronds are Blechnum spicant 12" - 36" 24" glossy, long and narrow with Deer fern 2 3 E crinkled edges; tolerant of

Snohomish County shallow flooding

PAGE 13 C Perennials, Ferns, Grasses and Groundcover ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Beautiful blue flower spike; Camassia particularly showy if planted 18" - 48" 12” - 18" May to June Camas - giant or common 2 3 D in groups; bulbs go dormant

Peggy Campbell Peggy in summer

Shiny foliage; provide excellent habitat for wildlife Carex obnuta to 48" 12" - 36" April to May species that inhabit lake- Slough sedge 1 2 E spreading shores; excellent soil binder;

Snohomish County can spread rapidly

Variegated grasslike leaves Carex oshimensis have creamy white band that (C. morrowii) 2 3 E 12" - 15" 15" - 18" May turns to yellow; great accent Variegated Japanese sedge plant; good for edges and

Snohomish County border

Orange-brown to bronze Carex testacea 12" - 18" 24" June grasslike leaves; fountain Orange New Zealand sedge 2 3 E shaped plant Peggy Campbell Peggy

Short medium green grass; tall plumes in early summer; Deschampsia cespitosa 6" - 18" 6" - 12" May to June Northern Lights cultivar has Tufted hair grass 2 3 E* white to pink variegation; can

Snohomish County revert to native form

Attracts butterflies, bees Echinacea purpurea July to and hummingbirds; needs 30" - 48" 36" Purple coneflower 3 D September compost-amended soils and mulch Wikimedia-Jmeeter

Excellent low maintenance, blooming groundcover for dry Epimedium 8" - 15" 12" - 18" April to May shade; leaf and flower color Bishop's hat 2 3 E varies by variety; Evergreen &

Wikimedia-MOs810 deciduous varieties available

PAGE 14 Perennials, Ferns, Grasses and Groundcover Perennials, Ferns, Grasses and Groundcover C ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Mat forming groundcover; Erica carnea February to shear back lightly after flowers 12” 18” - 20” Winter heather 2 3 E March fade to thicken growth; white

Marisa Burghdoff to pink flowering varieties

Purple daisy-like flowers with bright yellow centers; good Erigeron speciosus June to 18” - 24” 24” - 36” for poor soils that are dry in Splendid fleabane 2 3 D August Rod Gilbert Rod summer; attracts butterflies; many cultivars available

Festuca idahoensis Densely tufted bunching var. roemeri 2 3 E 12” 12” - 24” May to July grass; blue-green leaves; good Roemer’s fescue for rocky sites and poor soils Wikimedia-Daderot

Sweet strawberries borne on waxy blue-green foliage. Fragaria virginiana 36" May to 6" Fragaria chiloensis also a good Wild strawberry 2 3 D spreading August groundcover but spreads Walter Siegmund Walter more aggressively

Tight, dense mat of weed- blocking foliage requires little Geranium macrorrhizum 12" 60" Summer maintenance; aromatic green Bigroot hardy geranium 2 3 D leaves; flower color varies by Meneerke Bloem Meneerke cultivar

Vigorous, sprawling, compact Geranium sanguineum growth; bright pink flowers 8" - 12" 24" - 36" May to June Hardy geranium 2 3 D rise 4" to 6" above leaves;

Arnstein Ronning Arnstein many varieties available

Winter-blooming; white to Helleborus hybridus January to rose-colored flowers; to better 15" 18" Lenten rose 3 E March see flowers, cut leaves to the ground in late December Wikimedia-Rasbak

PAGE 15 C Perennials, Ferns, Grasses and Groundcover ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Clusters of flowers attract Hemerocallis butterflies; select variety by 24" - 48" 24" June to July Daylily 2 3 D flower color, fragrance and re- Wikimedia peat bloom; low maintenance

Non-native hybrids; available in a wide range of leaf and Heuchera 12" - 18" 15" - 18" May to June flower color; sun tolerance Coral bells 2 3 D varies by hybrid; requires Peggy Campbell Peggy organic matter in soil

H.Clorantha or H. Cylindrica are also native alum roots. Spikes Heuchera micrantha 10" - 24" 12" - 18" May to June of small bell-shaped flowers Alum root 2 3 D

Opiola Jerzy rise medium green foliage; needs organic matter in soil

Strikingly attractive foliage; many leaf colors and Hosta 12" - 40" 15" - 48" June to July sizes available; white, blue Plantain Lily 2 3 D or purple flowers attract Marc Ryckaert pollinators and hummingbirds

Attractive blue flowers. Iris douglasiana Note: Do not plant or use 12" - 24" 18" - 24" April to May Douglas iris 2 3 E invasive yellow-flag iris (Iris pseudacorus) Snohomish County

Slender leaves with showy blue to purple flowers. Iris tenax 12" - 18" 12" April to May Note: Do not plant or use Oregon or tough-leaf iris 2 3 E Ben Legler invasive yellow-flag iris. (Iris pseudacorus)

Large tufts of rounded Juncus effusus dark green, grasslike leaves; var. pacificus 1 2 E 24" - 36" 24" June tolerates standing water Pacific rush and saturated soil; only var. Christian Fischer Christian pacificus is native

PAGE 16 Perennials, Ferns, Grasses and Groundcover Perennials, Ferns, Grasses and Groundcover C ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Blue to purple flowers; aromatic leaves and Lavendar angustifolia June to 24" 24" - 60" flowers; attracts butterflies English lavendar 3 E August and pollinators; many Peggy Campbell Peggy cultivars available

Spikes of blue-purple flowers; attracts hummingbirds and Lupinus polyphyllus June to 2’ - 4’ 24” - 36” butterflies; good lupine for Bigleaf lupine 1 2 D August wet soils; non-native cultivars available for drier areas Wikimedia-Banana Patrol

Shrubby evergreen spreads Penstemon cardwellii to form groundcover; 12" - 18" 24" May to June Cardwell's penstemon 2 3 E lavender-blue flowers; Joanie Beldin needs well-draining soils

Upright, woody perennial; hummingbirds attracted to Penstemon serrulatus June to 24" lavender-blue to bright purple Cascade or coast penstemon 2 3 D August Chris Wood blossoms; one of few that tolerates wetter areas

Low maintenance native fern; Polystichum munitum 36" - 48" 36" deep green foliage; old fronds Sword fern 2 3 E can be cut back late-March Snohomish County

Rudbeckia fulgida Prolific golden yellow flowers June to 24" - 36" 36" throughout summer; prefers 'Goldsturm' 3 D September Black-eyed Susan soil with organic matter Wikimedia-Kintaiyo

Unique and striking perennial; bears large, purplish-brown, Rudbeckia occidentalis June to 18” - 5’ 24” cone-like flowers; attracts but- Western coneflower 1 2 D August Ben Legler terflies and beneficial insects; excellent wildlife forage

PAGE 17 C Perennials, Ferns, Grasses and Groundcover ZONE EXPOSURE MATURE SIZE SCIENTIFIC NAME TIME OF PLANT COMMON NAME 1 2 3 D or E NATIVE Sun Partial Shade Height Width BLOOM CHARACTERISTICS

Forms dense clumps in shal- low standing water at lake Schoenoplectus acutus June to 6’ - 10’ Spreading edges; dark-green stiff stems Hardstem bulrush 1 E August provide excellent wildlife Bernd Haynold habitat; controls erosion

Loose-clustered flower spikes Scirpus microcarpus 12” - 24” June to form; seed-heads last through 24” - 36” Small-fruited bulrush 1 E spreading August winter; good soil binder and wildlife food source; spreads King County Go Native King County

Succulent green foliage; Dense pink flower clusters; Sedum spectabile June to 18” - 24” 18” - 24” native varieties also make Stonecrop 3 D September great low groundcovers;

Wikimedia-Zefram drought tolerant

Spikes of pink hollyhock-like Sidalcea hendersonii June to flowers; needs moist soil or 18’ - 36” 24” Henderson’s checker-mallow 1 2 D August summer watering; cultivars also available King County Go Native King County

Bright yellow flowers in plume-shaped clusters on Solidago lepida July to 24” - 36” 36” leafy stems; will spread ag- Canada goldenrod 2 3 D October Ben Legler gressively in moist areas with rich, organic soil

Heuchera-like perennial; Tellima grandiflora 12" 12" April to June 30" tall spikes of small flowers Fringecup 2 3 D that open green and age pink King County Go Native King County

PAGE 18 Planting Plan–Full Sun

Planting designs by:

Seattle, WA 98103 | 206-660-0572 [email protected] PAGE 19 Planting Plan–Sun & Shade

Twinberry

Tall Oregon grape DOCK Salal Clustered rose Low Oregon grape Existing emergent vegetation Henderson’s Red-twig dogwood Sweet gale checkermallow Snowberry Big leaf lupine Lady fern Slough sedge

Mulch path

Beach strawberry Red-flowering currant Cardwell’s Sword fern beard-tongue Vine maple Kinnikinnick

Mock-orange Sub-alpine spirea

Deer fern Mature Evergreen huckleberry Alum root conifer trees Oregon boxwood

Snohomish County Public Works PAGE 20 Planting design by Marta Olson Surface Water Management Planting Plan–Shade Under Trees

Planting designs by:

Seattle, WA 98103 | 206-660-0572 [email protected] PAGE 21 Planting Plan–Wildlife/Pollinator

Planting designs by:

Seattle, WA 98103 | 206-660-0572 [email protected] PAGE 22 Notes ______

PAGE 23 Resources

Websites:

King County Native Plant Program https://green2.kingcounty.gov/gonative/index.aspx

Raingarden Handbook for Western Washington https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/documents/1310027.pdf

Landscape Design for Wildlife http://wdfw.wa.gov/living/landscaping

Books:

“Ann Lovejoy’s Organic Garden Design School,” by Ann Lovejoy; Rodale, 2004.

“Grow Your Own Native Landscape,” by Michael Leigh; MISC0273, Washington State University Extension, 2013. (copies available ­– contact the LakeWise program)

“Northwest Home Landscaping,” by Roger Holmes & Don Marshall; Creative Homeowner, 2011.

“Right Plant, Right Place,” by Nicola Ferguson; Fireside, 2005.

“The New Sunset Western Garden Book,” edited by Kathleen Norris Brenzel; Sunset Publishing Corp., 2012.

Title VI/ADA: Interpreter and translation services for non-English speakers and accommodations for persons with disabilities are available upon request. Call 425-388-3464. For questions regarding Public Works’ Title VI Program, contact our Title VI Coordinator via email at [email protected], or phone 425-388-6660. Hearing/speech impaired call 711.

A solicitud, se dispone de servicios de intérprete y traducción para personas que no hablan inglés y acomodaciones para las personas con discapacidades. Llame a 425-388-3464. Para preguntas concernientes al Programa del Título VI de Obras Públicas, póngase en contacto con nuestro Coordinador del Título VI mediante correo electrónico a [email protected], o llame por teléfono al 425-388-6660. Las personas con deficiencia auditiva o del habla, llamen al 711.

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