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Dounias 2007.Qxp Bulletin No. 2 Août August 2000 AENThe African Ethnobotany Network RAELe Réseau Africain d’Ethnobotanique TABLE DES MATIERES CONTENTS Revue de la littérature ethnobotanique pour Review of ethnobotanical literature l’Afrique Centrale et Afrique de l’Ouest for Central and West Africa Répertoire des adhérents au RAE List of AEN members The designations employed and the Les appelations employées dans cette presentation of material throughout this publication et les illustrations qui y figurent publication do not imply the expression of n’impliquent de la part des agences participant any opinion whatsoever on the part of the à la publication aucune prise de position quant publishing bodies concerning the legal status au statut juridique des pays, territoires, villes ou of any country, territory, city, or area of its zones, ou de leurs autorités, ni quant au tracé de authorities, or concerning the delimitation of leurs frontières ou limites. Les opinions its frontiers or boundaries. The opinions exprimées dans ce document sont celles des expressed in this paper are entirely those of auteurs et pas nécessairement celles de the authors and do not commit any l’ensemble des agences participantes. Organization. Published in 2000 by the Association for the Taxonomic Study of the Flora of Tropical Africa People and Plants Initiative United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization World Wide Fund for Nature Publié en 2000 par l’Association pour l’Etude Taxonomique de la Flore d’Afrique Tropicale l’Initiative Peuples et Plantes l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’éducation, la science et la culture le Fonds Mondial pour la Nature Printed in France on recycled paper / Imprimé en France sur papier recyclé Edited by / Edité par R. Höft and / et H. Atkins Layout by / Mise en page par M. Höft and / et R. Höft Translation into English by / Traduction en anglais par M. Höft The WWF/UNESCO/Kew "People and L’Intiative "Peuples et Plantes" du WWF, de Plants Intiative" is a joint programme sup- l’UNESCO et de Kew est un programme cojoint porting ethnobotanical research and training qui donne son appui à la recherche et la forma- in selected developing countries. In this tion dans le domaine de l’ethnobotanique dans process, UNESCO is supported by the Royal des pays en voie de dévéloppement. Dans ce Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Norway and cadre, l’UNESCO est assistée par le Ministère WWF-UK by the Department for Royal des Affaires Etrangères de la Norvège et le International Development (DfID; previously WWF-Royaume Uni est soutenu par le ODA) and the National Lottery Charities Department for International Development Board. (DfID; antérieurement ODA) et le National Lottery Charities Board. AVANT - PROPOS FOREWORD Le Réseau Africain d'Ethnobotanique The African Ethnobotany Network (RAE) fut établi lors du 15ième Congrès de (AEN) was founded at the XVth AET- l'AETFAT qui eut lieu à Harare en 1997. FAT Congress held in 1997 in Harare. Depuis cette date, le nombre d'adhérents a Since that date its membership has continuellement augmenté. Après le congrès grown steadily. After the Harare d'Harare, certains pays ont établi des Congress, a number of countries have réseaux ethnobotaniques ou des sociétés established active ethnobotanical net- professionnelles actives. Des cours universi- works or professional societies. Formal taires en ethnobotanique furent lancés ou courses in ethnobotany have been or are sont en train d'être institués dans plusieurs being lodged in various African univer- institutions africaines. De plus en plus, les sities. Conservation and development projets de conservation et de développement projects increasingly involve local impliquent (à des dégrés variés) les popula- people (to varying extents) in planning, tions locales dans la planification, la prise decision making and project implemen- de décision et la réalisation de projet. Le tation. The term "participatory" invari- terme « participatif » trouve invariablement ably finds its way into the titles of sa place dans les titres de documents qui documents dealing with aspects of rural traitent des aspects du développement rural development and environmental man- et de la gestion de l'environnement. L'ethno- agement. Ethnobotany appears to have botanique paraît avoir gagné une certaine gained recognition as a multi-discipli- réputation comme science multi-disci- nary science, which addresses real and plinaire, qui adresse de réels et urgents prob- pressing conservation problems linked lèmes de conservation liés aux economies to rural economies. rurales. However, the functioning of Pourtant, le fonctionnement des réseaux national ethnobotany networks and nationaux d'ethnobotanique ou des sociétés societies often depends on one or a few professionnelles dépend souvent d'un ou individuals who dedicate their time and quelques individus qui dévouent leurs temps energy and "make things happen". et energie à réaliser des activités. Ironically, the departure of such a Malheureusement, si jamais un de ces "mover and shaker" for further studies « dynamos » part à l’étranger pour suivre abroad and the highly desirable upgrade ses études et augmenter sa capacité profes- of his/her individual capacity may lead sionnelle, les efforts qu’il déployait en eth- to the stagnation or faltering of coordi- nobotanique à la maison, tombent souvent nated efforts in ethnobotany back en dormance. Comment est-ce que le home. How can the African Réseau Africain d'Ethnobotanique peut Ethnobotany Network ensure that eth- donc assurer que l'ethnobotanique demeure nobotany remains on the agenda? How pertinent ? Comment, par exemple, pouvons can we ensure that ethnobotanists are nous assurer que des ethnobotanistes soient involved for example in environmental impliqués dans les évaluations des inci- impact assessments in their countries? dences sur l'environnement dans leurs How can we show that careful ethno- pays ? Comment pouvons-nous démontrer botanical work can find solutions to que les travaux soigneux en ethnobotanique resource use conflicts and overexploita- peuvent trouver des solutions aux conflits tion and help to avoid expensive errors d'utilisation des ressources naturelles et à that lead to more poverty and increased leur surexploitation et permettre d’éviter des environmental degradation? 1 erreurs coûteux qui pourraient renforcer la One precondition for making eth- pauvreté et accélérer la dégradation de l'en- nobotanical work effective is to be vironnement ? aware of the range of methods and L’une des conditions préalable à l’effi- approaches and to be able to choose the cacité du travail en ethnobotanique est d'être most appropriate ones for the problem au courant de l’ensemble des méthodes et at hand. Equally, one has to be aware of approches qui existent et de savoir en the work already done. This is not an choisir ceux qui sont appropriés au prob- easy task as, due to its multi-discipli- lème à resoudre. Il faut également connaître nary nature, ethnobotanical work is les travaux qui sont déjà effectués dans le scattered in a wide range of journals domaine. Ceci n'est pas une tâche facile car and carried out by a variety of institu- la nature multi-disciplinaire de l'ethno- tions. Researchers often get frustrated botanique fait que les publications et when their literature search in the local travaux sont dispersés dans une variété de libraries only yields meagre results. Yet, revues et d'institutions. Souvent les an amazing amount of effort has gone chercheurs sont frustrés par les pauvres into ethnobotanical studies all over resultats de recherches dans les bibliotèques Africa in the last century. To overcome locales. Pourtant, des efforts immenses ont the difficulties of access to relevant été accomplis dans le domaine de l'ethnob- information, the current Bulletin pro- otanique en Afrique dans le siècle passé. vides a survey of ethnobotanical litera- Pour surmonter les difficultés d'accès aux ture from Central and West Africa, informations pertinentes ce Bulletin propose which complements the literature une revue de littérature ethnobotanique en review for East and Southern Africa Afrique centrale et de l'ouest. Celle-ci published in the last Bulletin. The représente un complément à la synthèse authors have extensively explored the publiée dans le dernier Bulletin pour Internet for the purpose of this review. l'Afrique de l'est et australe. Pour accomplir However, because of the growing gap leur tâche, les auteurs ont conduit une ample between those who participate in the recherche à l'Internet (toile). A cause de la current information revolution and disparité croissante entre ceux qui par- those excluded from access to electron- ticipent à la revolution en cours dans le ic information we continue our efforts domaine de l'information et ceux qui sont to synthesize the available knowledge exclus à l'accès à l'information electronique, and distribute it through dedicated net- nous continuons nos efforts de mettre à dis- works. position de telles synthèses et de les dis- Only by working together and shar- tribuer à travers des reseaux concernés. ing available information can we hope C’est seulement en travaillant ensemble to stem the Sixth Extinction. et en partageant le savoir existant que nous pouvons espérer réussir dans la lutte contre la Sixième Extinction. Robert Höft & Tony Cunningham 2 TABLE DES MATIÈRES Avant-propos . .1 Revue de la Littérature Ethnobotanique pour l’Afrique Centrale et l’Afrique de l’Ouest . .5 I Présentation de l'aire géographique concernée . .5 I.1 Les pays couverts . .5 I.2 Choix qui ont conditionné les limites géographiques de la revue . .6 I.3 Phytochories et populations de l'aire concernée . .7 II Sources bibliographiques consultées . .9 II.1 Localisation des références . .9 II.2 Données écartées de la revue : les plantes cultivées . .9 II.3 Près de 5 000 références compilées . .10 II.4 Principales revues scientifiques abordant l'ethnobotanique africaine . .12 II.5 Sources bibliographiques remarquables pour l'aire géographique considérée . .15 II.6 Bases de données biblio-graphiques et éditions de synthèse, principalement consultables sur CD- Rom et sur la toile .
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