BFT323-In Search of the Forest in Cote Divoire
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Forced Labour at the Frontier of Empires: Manipur and the French Congo”, Comparatif
“Forced Labour at the Frontier of Empires: Manipur and the French Congo”, Comparatif. Yaruipam Muivah, Alessandro Stanziani To cite this version: Yaruipam Muivah, Alessandro Stanziani. “Forced Labour at the Frontier of Empires: Manipur and the French Congo”, Comparatif.. Comparativ, Leipzig University, 2019, 29 (3), pp.41-64. hal-02954571 HAL Id: hal-02954571 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02954571 Submitted on 1 Oct 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Yaruipam Muivah, Alessandro Stanziani Forced Labour at the Frontier of Empires: Manipur and the French Congo, 1890-1914. Debates about abolition of slavery have essentially focused on two interrelated questions: 1) whether nineteenth and early twentieth century abolitions were a major breakthrough compared to previous centuries (or even millennia) in the history of humankind during which bondage had been the dominant form of labour and human condition. 2) whether they express an action specific to western bourgeoisie and liberal civilization. It is true that the number of abolitionist acts and the people concerned throughout the extended nineteenth century (1780- 1914) had no equivalent in history: 30 million Russian peasants, half a million slaves in Saint- Domingue in 1790, four million slaves in the US in 1860, another million in the Caribbean (at the moment of the abolition of 1832-40), a further million in Brazil in 1885 and 250,000 in the Spanish colonies were freed during this period. -
Impacts of Global Climate Change on the Phenology of African Tropical Ecosystems
IMPACTS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE PHENOLOGY OF AFRICAN TROPICAL ECOSYSTEMS GABRIELA S. ADAMESCU MSc by Research UNIVERSITY OF YORK Biology October 2016 1 Abstract The climate has been changing at an unprecedented rate, affecting natural systems around the globe. Its impact has been mostly reflected through changes in species’ phenology, which has received extensive attention in the current global-change research, mainly in temperate regions. However, little is known about phenology in African tropical forests. Africa is known to be vulnerable to climate change and filling the gaps is an urgent matter. In this study we assess plant phenology at the individual, site and continental level. We first compare flowering and fruiting events of species shared between multiple sites, accounting for three quantitative indicators, such as frequency, fidelity for conserving a certain frequency and seasonal phase. We complement this analysis by assessing interannual trends of flowering and fruiting frequency and fidelity to their dominant frequency at 11 sites. We complete the bigger picture by analysing flowering and fruiting frequency of African tropical trees at the site and community level. Next, we correlate three climatic indices (ENSO, IOD and NAO) with flowering and fruiting events at the canopy level, at 16 sites. Our results suggest that 30 % of the studied species show plasticity or adaptability to different environments and will most likely be resilient to moderate future climate change. At both site and continental level, we found that annual flowering cycles are dominant, indicating strong seasonality in the case of more than 50% of African tropical species under investigation. -
Toxicological and Phytoprotective Effect of Keayodendron Bridelioides and Monodora Myristica Extracts in Wister Rats
PHCOG RES. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Toxicological and phytoprotective effect of Keayodendron bridelioides and Monodora myristica extracts in Wister rats Solomon E. Owumi, Abiodun C. Oloidi, Cinzia O. Oloye, Oludare O. Oladeji, Moses O. Obadare, Oyeronke A. Odunola Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Unit, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria Submitted: 23-09-2014 Revised: 03-11-2014 Published: 02-06-2015 ABSTRACT Objectives: The potential toxicity of Keayodendron bridelioides (KB), Monodora myristica (MM) Access this article online were examined, and phytoprotection of MM and KB stemming from their phytochemical Website: contents against sodium arsenite (SA) induced clastogenicity in Wister’s rat. Materials and www.phcogres.com Methods: Dose range studies of KB in rats, genotoxicity of MM and KB by SOS‑inductive DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.150508 respomse were investigated using E. coli PQ37. Male rats were exposed to varying Quick Response Code: concentrations of MM, KB over a five week period to evaluate MM and KB phytoprotectives properties were also evaluated against sodium arsenite induced micronucleated erythrocytes, hepatotoxicity and sperm quality and morphology. Results: In contrast to KB, MM induced micronuclei formation in rat erythrocytes, MM and KB were however not genotoxic. MM, SA alone and in combination were hepatotoxic, characterized by elevated hepatic transaminases. Hepatoxicity were ameliorated by co‑administration of KB (P < 0.05). MM and KB did not induce changes in semen morphology (P > 0.05); but decreased sperm count and motility (P < 0.05). Extracts exhibited anti‑clastogenic (KB > MM), hepatoprotective (KB > MM) activities and maintained semen viability against SA treatment. -
A Revision of Leucomphalos Including Baphiastrum and Bowringia (Leguminosae
WAGENINGEN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY PAPERS 94-4 (1994) Arevisio n ofLeucomphalo s including Baphiastrum and Bowringia (Leguminosae - Papilionoideae) F.J. Breteler Herbarium Vadense Department ofPlant Taxonomy WageningenAgricultural University,The Netherlands Date ofpublicatio n 19-8-1994 Wageningen mm Agricultural University CÄVI =%<^c, Q is) CIP-GEGEVENSKONINKLIJK E BIBLIOTHEEK, DEN HAAG Breteler, F.J . Arevisio n ofLeucomphalo s including Baphiastrum and Bowringia (Leguminosac-Papilionoideae) / F. J. Breteler, - Wageningen : Agricultural University, -111 . - (Wageningen Agricultural University Papers, ISSN 0169-345X; 94-4(1994)) ISBN 90-6754-362-4 Trefw.: leguminosac : plantentaxonomie © Agricultural University Wageningen, TheNetherlands , 1994 No part of this publication, apart from abstract, bibliographic and brief quotations embodied in critical reviews, may be reproduced, recorded or published in any form including print, photocopy, microform, electronic or electromagnetic record without written permission from the publisher Agricultural University, P.O. Box 9101, 6700H BWageningen , the Netherlands. Printed inth eNetherland s byVeenma n Drukkers, Wageningen Contents Summary 1 Introduction 2 Generic delimitation inth eBaphia group 3 Relation ofLeucomphalos wit h other genera ofth e Baphia group 6 Geography ofth eBaphia group 7 Cytology 10 Description ofth egenu sLeucomphalos 10 Keyt oth e species 11 Alphabetical treatment ofth e species 13 Excluded species 35 Note concerning Fig. 1-3 35 Literature cited 38 Index to scientific names 40 V Summary The related genera Baphiastrum, Bowringia and Leucomphalos are taxonomically revised. They share a singular seed character and mainly on that account they are united under the name Leucomphalos. Six species are recognized of which one is new from Liberia. They are described and mostly amply illustrated. A key to the species is provided and their distribution is mapped. -
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease
Asian Pac J Trop Dis 2016; 6(6): 492-501 492 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apjtd Review article doi: 10.1016/S2222-1808(16)61075-7 ©2016 by the Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease. All rights reserved. Phytochemistry, biological activities and economical uses of the genus Sterculia and the related genera: A reveiw Moshera Mohamed El-Sherei1, Alia Yassin Ragheb2*, Mona El Said Kassem2, Mona Mohamed Marzouk2*, Salwa Ali Mosharrafa2, Nabiel Abdel Megied Saleh2 1Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt 2Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza, Egypt ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: The genus Sterculia is represented by 200 species which are widespread mainly in tropical and Received 22 Mar 2016 subtropical regions. Some of the Sterculia species are classified under different genera based Received in revised form 5 Apr 2016 on special morphological features. These are Pterygota Schott & Endl., Firmiana Marsili, Accepted 20 May 2016 Brachychiton Schott & Endl., Hildegardia Schott & Endl., Pterocymbium R.Br. and Scaphium Available online 21 Jun 2016 Schott & Endl. The genus Sterculia and the related genera contain mainly flavonoids, whereas terpenoids, phenolic acids, phenylpropanoids, alkaloids, and other types of compounds including sugars, fatty acids, lignans and lignins are of less distribution. The biological activities such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities have Keywords: been reported for several species of the genus. On the other hand, there is confusion on the Sterculia Pterygota systematic position and classification of the genus Sterculia. -
A.B. Kadiri and J.D
Nigerian Journal of Science Vol 48 (2014): 1-13 Anatomy of Timber Species of Nigeria *A.B. KADIRI AND J.D. OLOWOKUDEJO Department of Botany, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos Nigeria *Corresponding Author E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Vessels, parenchyma and ray cells of eighteen woody plant species belonging to 14 families (8 Orders) in Nigeria were studied using light microscopy. Configuration of ray cells, vessel diameter, pitting pattern of the vessels and parenchyma position in relation to the vessel pores are useful taxonomically and they can be linked to the various uses of the woods. Multiseriate ray cells were common in the Order Gentianales e.g. Alstonia congensis, (Apocynaceae) and Mitragyna ciliata (Rubiaceae). Family Fabaceae e.g. Brachystegia eurycoma and Piptadeniastrum africanum have paratracheal parenchyma, absence of cell inclusions and solitary or clustered vessels in common. Order Lamiales e.g. Family Lamiaceae: Tectona grandis and Boraginaceae: Cordia millenii have homogenous ray cells and banded paratracheal parenchyma with no inclusions. These characters may contribute to understanding the incertae sedis situation surrounding appropriate placement of Boraginaceae in an Order. Cleistopholis patens (Annonaceae) and Pycnanthus angolensis (Myristicaeae) in the Order Magnoliales have scalariform vessels and multiseriate ray cells, usually with some inclusions. Order Malpighiales e.g. Anthostema aubryanum and Mallotus oppositifolus (Euphorbiaceae) and Lophira alata (Ochnaceae) have apo- or paratracheal parenchyma and also possess inclusions in the ray cells and vessels while absence of cell inclusions distinguishes the family Malvaceae (Ceiba petandra and Triplochiton scleroxylon) from Sterculiaceae (Mansonia altissima and Pterygota macrocarpa). Multiseriate and homogenous ray cells characterized the Order Myrtales e.g. -
Evolutionary Consequences of Dioecy in Angiosperms: the Effects of Breeding System on Speciation and Extinction Rates
EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES OF DIOECY IN ANGIOSPERMS: THE EFFECTS OF BREEDING SYSTEM ON SPECIATION AND EXTINCTION RATES by JANA C. HEILBUTH B.Sc, Simon Fraser University, 1996 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Department of Zoology) We accept this thesis as conforming to the required standard THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA July 2001 © Jana Heilbuth, 2001 Wednesday, April 25, 2001 UBC Special Collections - Thesis Authorisation Form Page: 1 In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for an advanced degree at the University of British Columbia, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for reference and study. I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by the head of my department or by his or her representatives. It is understood that copying or publication of this thesis for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. The University of British Columbia Vancouver, Canada http://www.library.ubc.ca/spcoll/thesauth.html ABSTRACT Dioecy, the breeding system with male and female function on separate individuals, may affect the ability of a lineage to avoid extinction or speciate. Dioecy is a rare breeding system among the angiosperms (approximately 6% of all flowering plants) while hermaphroditism (having male and female function present within each flower) is predominant. Dioecious angiosperms may be rare because the transitions to dioecy have been recent or because dioecious angiosperms experience decreased diversification rates (speciation minus extinction) compared to plants with other breeding systems. -
Bryophytes from the Cape Verde Islands
123 Tropical Bryology 12: 123-153, 1996 Bryophytes from the Cape Verde Islands Jan-Peter Frahm1, Anja Lindlar1, Philip Sollman2, Eberhard Fischer1 1 Botanisches Institut der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität, Meckenheimer Allee 170, 53115 Bonn, Germany 2 Von Weberstraat 32, 6904 KD Zevenaar, The Netherlands Abstract: Almost 450 specimens of bryophytes, so far the largest collection of bryophytes ever made on the Cape Verde Islands, were collected in 1995 by the second author on the major islands of the archipelago. Twenty seven species (3 hepatics, 24 mosses) are reported as new to the Cape Verde Islands: Lejeunea ulicina (Tayl.) Gottsche et al., Riccia cavernosa Hoffm. emend. Raddi, Targionia hypophylla L., Barbula cf. consanguinea (Thwait. & Mitt.) Jaeg., Barbula unguiculata Hedw., Brachymenium exile (Dozy & Molk.) Bosch. & Lac., Bryoerythrophyllum ferruginascens (Stirt.) Giac., Bryoerythrophyllum inaequalifolium (Tayl.) Zander, Bryum cellulare Hook., Chenia leptophylla (C. Müll.) Zander, Desmatodon bogosicus C. Müll., Didymodon australasiae (Hook. & Grev.) Zander, Didymodon maschalogena (Ren. & Card.) Broth. (Didymodon michiganensis [Steere] K. Saito), Didymodon vinealis (Brid.) Zander var. flaccidus (B.S.G.) Zander, Eurhynchium meridionale (B.S.G.) De Not., Eurhynchium speciosum (Brid.) Jur., Fissidens sciophyllus Mitt., F. bogosicus C. Müll., F. flaccidus Mitt., F. helictocaulos C. Müll., Gymnostomiella cf. vernicosa (Hook.) Fleisch., Gymnostomum calcareum Nees & Hornsch., Hyophila involuta (Hook.) Jaeg., Orthotrichum diaphanum Brid., Tortula cuneifolia (With.) Turn., Tortula laevipila (Brid.) Schwaegr. and Weissia microstoma (Hedw.) C. Müll. The doubtful record of Marchantia paleacea Bertol. could be confirmed. Numerous species are recorded as new to single islands. Tortula pierrotii Biz. described from Tanzania has proved to be synyomous with Bryoerythrophyllum inaequalifolium. Didymodon maschalogena (Ren. -
Western Lowland Gorilla (Gorilla Gorilla Gorilla) Diet and Activity Budgets: Effects of Group Size, Age Class and Food Availability in the Dzanga-Ndoki
Western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) diet and activity budgets: effects of group size, age class and food availability in the Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Central African Republic Terence Fuh MSc Primate Conservation Dissertation 2013 Dissertation Course Name: P20107 Title: Western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) diet and activity budgets: effects of group size, age class and food availability in the Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Central African Republic Student Number: 12085718 Surname: Fuh Neba Other Names: Terence Course for which acceptable: MSc Primate Conservation Date of Submission: 13th September 2013 This dissertation is submitted in part fulfilment of the regulations for an MSc degree. Oxford Brookes University ii Statement of originality Except for those parts in which it is explicitly stated to the contrary, this project is my own work. It has not been submitted for any degree at this or any other academic or professional institution. ……………………………………………. ………………… Signature Date Regulations Governing the Deposit and Use of Oxford Brookes University Projects/ Dissertations 1. The “top” copies of projects/dissertations submitted in fulfilment of programme requirements shall normally be kept by the School. 2. The author shall sign a declaration agreeing that the project/ dissertation be available for reading and photocopying at the discretion of the Head of School in accordance with 3 and 4 below. 3. The Head of School shall safeguard the interests of the author by requiring persons who consult the project/dissertation to sign a declaration acknowledging the author’s copyright. 4. Permission for any one other then the author to reproduce or photocopy any part of the dissertation must be obtained from the Head of School who will give his/her permission for such reproduction on to an extent which he/she considers to be fair and reasonable. -
A Case Study Using Cabo Verde Endemic Flora
fpls-11-00278 March 13, 2020 Time: 18:19 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 13 March 2020 doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00278 Bayesian Methods to Analyze Historical Collections in Time and Space: A Case Study Using Cabo Verde Endemic Flora Maria M. Romeiras1,2*, Mark Carine3, Maria Cristina Duarte2, Silvia Catarino1, Filipe S. Dias4,5 and Luís Borda-de-Água4,5 1 LEAF, Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal, 2 Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Portugal, 3 Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom, 4 CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal, 5 CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, ISA, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal Biological collections, including herbarium specimens, are unique sources of biodiversity data presenting a window on the history of the development and accumulation of knowledge of a specific geographical region. Understanding how the process of Edited by: Kathleen Pryer, discovery impacts that knowledge is particularly important for oceanic islands which Duke University, United States are often characterized by both high levels of endemic diversity and high proportions of Reviewed by: threatened taxa. The archipelagos of the Macaronesian region (i.e. Azores, Canaries, Emily Meineke, Savages, Madeira, and Cabo Verde) have been the focus of attention for scientific Duke University, United States Weston Testo, expeditions since the end of the 17th century. -
Taxonomic Monograph of Saxicolella (Podostemaceae), African Waterfall Plants Highly Threatened by Hydro-Electric Projects, with Five New Species
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.19.449102; this version posted June 20, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Taxonomic Monograph of Saxicolella (Podostemaceae), African waterfall plants highly threatened by Hydro-Electric projects, with five new species. Martin Cheek¹, Denise Molmou2, Sekou Magassouba2 & Jean-Paul Ghogue3 ¹Herbarium, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, U.K. Corresponding author. Email address: [email protected] 2 Herbier National de Guineé, Université de Gamal Abdel Nasser, BP 680, République de Guinée. 3 Green Connexion, PO Box 1289 Yaoundé, Cameroon Summary. The genus Saxicolella Engl. (Podostemaceae) are African rheophytes, restricted to rapids and waterfalls as are all members of the family. Previously, Saxicolella sensu lato was shown to be polyphyletic with two separate clades in the molecular phylogenetic study of Koi et al. (2012). The name Pohliella Engl. was recently resurrected for one clade that is sister to the American genera Ceratolacis (Tul.)Wedd., Podostemum Michx. and all Old World Podostemoideae (podostemoids) (Cheek 2020). Pohliella has distichous phyllotaxy, bilocular ovaries, filiform roots with paired holdfasts, and rootcaps. The second clade, Saxicolella sensu stricto, including the type of the generic name, has spiral phyllotaxy, unilocular ovaries, ribbon-like or crustose roots that lack both holdfasts and rootcaps. Saxicolella sensu stricto, sampled from the type species, S. nana Engl. of Cameroon, is embedded within and near the base of the major clade of African podostemoids and is sister to all other African genera apart from Inversodicraea R.E.Fr. -
Accounting for Variation of Substitution Rates Through Time in Bayesian Phylogeny Reconstruction of Sapotoideae (Sapotaceae)
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39 (2006) 706–721 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Accounting for variation of substitution rates through time in Bayesian phylogeny reconstruction of Sapotoideae (Sapotaceae) Jenny E.E. Smedmark ¤, Ulf Swenson, Arne A. Anderberg Department of Phanerogamic Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden Received 9 September 2005; revised 4 January 2006; accepted 12 January 2006 Available online 21 February 2006 Abstract We used Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of 5 kb of chloroplast DNA data from 68 Sapotaceae species to clarify phylogenetic relation- ships within Sapotoideae, one of the two major clades within Sapotaceae. Variation in substitution rates through time was shown to be a very important aspect of molecular evolution for this data set. Relative rates tests indicated that changes in overall rate have taken place in several lineages during the history of the group and Bayes factors strongly supported a covarion model, which allows the rate of a site to vary over time, over commonly used models that only allow rates to vary across sites. Rate variation over time was actually found to be a more important model component than rate variation across sites. The covarion model was originally developed for coding gene sequences and has so far only been tested for this type of data. The fact that it performed so well with the present data set, consisting mainly of data from noncoding spacer regions, suggests that it deserves a wider consideration in model based phylogenetic inference. Repeatability of phylogenetic results was very diYcult to obtain with the more parameter rich models, and analyses with identical settings often supported diVerent topologies.