An Exploration of Physiological Responses to the Native American Flute
An Exploration of Physiological Responses to the Native American Flute Eric B. Miller† and Clinton F. Goss‡ †Montclair State University, Montclair, New Jersey; Email: millerer@montclair.edu ‡Westport, Connecticut; Email: clint@goss.com ARTICLE INFORMATION ABSTRACT Presented at ISQRMM, Athens, This pilot study explored physiological responses to playing and listening to the GA: July 26, 2013 Native American flute. Autonomic, electroencephalographic (EEG), and heart Revised: January 24, 2014 rate variability (HRV) metrics were recorded while participants (N = 15) played flutes and listened to several styles of music. Flute playing was accompanied by This work is licensed under the an 84% increase in HRV (p < .001). EEG theta (4–8 Hz) activity increased while Creative Commons Attribution- playing flutes (p = .007) and alpha (8–12 Hz) increased while playing lower- Noncommercial 3.0 license. pitched flutes (p = .009). Increase in alpha from baseline to the flute playing This work has not been peer conditions strongly correlated with experience playing Native American flutes (r reviewed. = +.700). Wide-band beta (12–25 Hz) decreased from the silence conditions when listening to solo Native American flute music (p = .013). The findings of increased HRV, increasing slow-wave rhythms, and decreased beta support the hypothesis that Native American flutes, particularly those with lower pitches, may have a role in music therapy contexts. We conclude that the Native Keywords: music therapy, American flute may merit a more prominent role in music therapy and that a Native American flute, heart rate variability (HRV), study of the effects of flute playing on clinical conditions, such as post-traumatic EEG, alpha stress disorder (PTSD), asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypertension, anxiety, and major depressive disorder, is warranted.
[Show full text]