Cyber Security Technology

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DIGITAL INDIA

InNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT

ISKD Mobile:8979066357,9027669947INNOVATIVE WEB:www.iskd.in SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE www.facebook.com/iskddoon DEVELOPMENT 7

DIGITAL INDIA

INDEX

Sr Topic Page No No 1 Introduction 2 The Nine Pillars of Growth of Digital India 3 Digital Services by Govt of India 4 Advantage of Digital India 5 History 6 Ongoing Awareness Programs 7 India.gov.in 8 National E-governance Program 9 Meta Data and Data Standard(MDDS) 10 The Indian Electronic Industry 11 Startup India 12 Stand Up India 13 Vision of Digital India 14 Digital India Program: Management Structure 15 Make In India 16 17

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DIGITAL INDIA Introduction: Digital India Digital India is a campaign launched by the Government of India in order to ensure the Government's services are made available to citizens electronically by improved online infrastructure and by increasing Internet connectivity or by making the country digitally empowered in the field of technology. The initiative includes plans to connect rural areas with high-speed internet networks. Digital India consists of three

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DIGITAL INDIA core components: the development of secure and stable digital infrastructure, delivering government services digitally, and universal digital literacy.

Digital India (DI)

Digital India logo

Motto "Power To Empower"

Country India

Prime Narendra Modi

Minister(s)

Ministry Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology(India)Finance

Ministry

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Key people Ravi Shankar Prasad, S. S. Ahluwalia

Launched 1 July 2015; 3 years ago

Status Active

Website digitalindia.gov.in Launched on 1 July 2015 by Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, it is both enabler and beneficiary of other key Government of India schemes, such as BharatNet, Make in India, Startup India and Standup India, industrial corridors, Bharatmala, Sagarmala, dedicated freight corridors, UDAN-RCS and E-Kranti. As of 31 December 2018, India had a population of 130 crore people (1.3 billion), 123 crore (1.23 billion) Aadhaar digital biometric identity cards, 121 crore (1.21 billion) mobile phones, 44.6 crore (446 million) smartphones, 56 crore (560 million) internet users up from 481 million people (35% of the country's total population) in December 2017, and 51 per cent growth in e- commerce. What is Digital India ? Digital India is a Programme to prepare India for a knowledge future. Hon'ble Shri Narender Modi, Prime Minsiter of India has laid emphasis on National e- governance plan and has gave it’s approval for Digital India – A programme to transform India into digital empowered society and knowledge economy.

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Digital India is an ambitious programme of Government of India projected at Rs 1,13,000 crores. This will be for preparing the India for the knowledge based transformation and delivering good governance to citizens by synchronized and co-ordinated engagement with both Central Government and State Government.

This programme has been envisaged by Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DeitY) and will impact ministry of communications & IT, ministry of rural development, ministry of human resource development, ministry of health and others. This programme will also benefit all states and union territories. The existing/ ongoing e-Governance initiatives would be revamped to align them with the principles of Digital India. The vision of Digital India is to transform the country into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. It would ensure that government services are available to citizens electronically. It would also bring in public accountability through mandated delivery of government’s services electronically.

The Digital India vision provides the intensified impetus for further momentum and progress for e-Governance and would promote inclusive growth that covers electronic services, products, devices, manufacturing and job opportunities.

Digital infrastructure will focus on providing high speed secure Internet. Governance and services on demand will stress on integrating services across departments and jurisdictions and making services available in real time for both online and mobile

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DIGITAL INDIA platform.

Digital empowerment of citizens will pay emphasis on universal digital literacy and availability of digital resources/services in Indian languages.

The programme will be implemented in phases from 2014 till 2018. The source of funding for most of the e-Governance projects at present is through budgetary provisions of respective ministries/departments in the central or state governments. Requirements of funds for individual project(s) for Digital India will be worked out by respective nodal ministries/departments but according to government estimate it will cost Rs 113,000 crore. To implement this the government is planning to strengthen National Informatics Center (NIC) by restructuring it to support all central government departments and state governments. Positions of chief information officers (CIO) would be created in at least 10 key ministries so that e-Governance projects could be designed, developed and implemented faster.

Apart from this, the DeitY would create four senior positions within the department for managing the programme say additional secretary, Digital India; joint secretary, infrastructure development; joint secretary, capacity building and digital enablement; and joint secretary, IT applications in uncovered areas & process re-engineering.

Digital India has the VISION: Infrastructure as a utility to every citizen: High speed internet shall be made available in all gram

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DIGITAL INDIA panchayats; Cradle to grave digital identity; Mobile and Bank account would enable participation in digital and financial space at individual level; Easy access to common service centre within their locality; Shareable private space on a public cloud; and Safe and secure cyber space in the country.

Infrastructure as a utility to every citizen: High speed internet shall be made available in all gram panchayats; Cradle to grave digital identity; Mobile and Bank account would enable participation in digital and financial space at individual level; Easy access to common service centre within their locality; Shareable private space on a public cloud; and Safe and secure cyber space in the country.

Governance and Services on Demand: Single window access to all persons by seamlessly integrating departments or jurisdictions; availability of government services in online and mobile platforms; All citizen entitlements to be available on the Cloud to ensure easy access; Government services to be digitally transformed for improving ease of doing business; Making financial transactions above a threshold, electronic and cashless; and Leveraging GIS for decision support systems and development.

Digital empowerment of citizens: Universal digital literacy; All digital resources universally accessible; All government documents/certificates to be available on the Cloud; Availability of digital resources/services in Indian languages; Collaborative digital platforms for participative governance; Portability of all entitlements for individuals through

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DIGITAL INDIA the cloud.

BJP Vision for Digital India: BJP Election Manifesto 2014 aimed to nurture a Digital India thereby making every household and every individual digitally empowered..

The party aims to make every household digitally literate with a goal to make India the Global Knowledge hub, with IT being a major driver and engine of growth.

The manifesto has a strong focus on e-Governance as BJP believes IT is a great enabler for empowerment, equity and efficiency.The party is focusing on: broadbanding villages; participative governance; digital learning; tele-medicine and mobile healthcare; open source and open standard; E-Bhasha; and others.

The Nine Pillars of Growth of Digital India

Digital India aims at three thrust areas of infrastructure as a utility to every citizen, governance and services on demand and digital empowerment of citizens. It further intends to provide thrust through nine pillars of growth areas viz., broadband highways, universal access to mobile connectivity, public internet access programme, e-governance by reforming government through technology, e-kranti (NeGP 2.0) through electronic delivery of services, information for all, electronics manufacturing with a

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DIGITAL INDIA target of net-zero imports, IT for jobs and some early harvest programmes as depicted in the following illustration.

First Pillar – Broadband Highways In the rural areas, the broadband highways would be implemented through Department of Telecommunications (DoT); with a capital expenditure of Rs. 32,000/- crores. The rural broadband highways intend to cover 250,000 Gram Panchayats of which 50,000 would be covered in the first year while 100,000 each would be covered in the next two years. In the urban areas, focus would be on changing rules towards efficient development of the respective broadband highways. This would be achieved by developing Virtual Network Operators for

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DIGITAL INDIA service delivery along with mandating communication infrastructure in new urban development and buildings. The National Information Infrastructure would be put into practice within a time-frame of two years by integrating SWAN, NKN, and NOFN. Implemented through DeitY, it would have nationwide coverage at a cost of Rs. 15,686 crores.

Second Pillar – Universal Access to Mobile Connectivity The ongoing programmes in the area of access to phones would be focused towards increasing network penetration and coverage. Universal access to mobile connectivity would be implemented through Department of Telecommunications (DoT); with a capital expenditure of Rs. 16, 000/- crores and coverage of about 42,300 villages uncovered so far.

Third Pillar – Public Internet Access Programme – National Rural Internet Mission Here, CSCs would be made viable through multi-functional end- points for service delivery through Gram-Panchayats. Implemented through DeitY, it would cost of Rs. 4,750 crores to increase the present reach of 130,000 to 250,000 villages. In long run, the Post Offices would be converted into Multi- Service Centers. Implemented through department of posts (D/o Posts), it intends to cover 150,000 post offices within a span of two years.

Fourth Pillar – eGovernance: Reforming Government through Technology Government would take up Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) using IT to improve transactions including form simplification and reduction, online applications and tracking,

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DIGITAL INDIA developing interface between departments, use of online repositories like school certificates and voter identity cards, integration of services and platforms like UIDAI, payment gateway, mobile platform and EDI. Further, all databases and information would be made through electronic medium going away from the existing manual mode. Focus would also be on workflow automation inside government systems. Public Grievance Redressal would be automated using IT so as to analyse data to identify and resolve persistent problems, largely process improvements. These measures which are critical for transformation would be implemented across government.

Fifth Pillar – eKranti: Electronic Delivery of Services The present ongoing programme (NeGP) would be revamped to cover various elements to bring eKranti. This would include fostering technology in the areas of planning, agriculture, education, health, financial inclusion, justice and security. The technology for planning would include GIS based decision making and National GIS Mission Mode Project. In the domain of agriculture, development of technology for farmers would result into real-time price information, online ordering of inputs (e.g. fertilizers) and online cash, loans, relief- payments along with development of mobile banking. In the domain of education, some of the measures that would be taken include connecting all schools with broadband, free Wi-Fi in about 250,000 schools, digital literacy program and development of pilot massive online open courses. Bringing-in technology in the domain of health would include online medical consultation, online medical records, online medicine supply, and pan-India exchange for patient information;

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DIGITAL INDIA to be realized within a span of next three years. Financial inclusion technology would include Mobile Banking, Micro- ATM program and revamping CSCs/ Post Offices. Development of technology for justice would include e-Courts, e-Police, e-Jails and e-Prosecution while, technology in the domain of security would include developing National Cyber Security Co-ordination Center along with Mobile Emergency Services.

Sixth Pillar – Information for All The pillar of ‘information to all’ would encompass making information online and hosting websites and documents. This would result into an easy and open access to information by the public in general along with development of open data platforms. As usual, the Government would pro-actively engage through social media and web based platforms to inform citizens. The platform ‘MyGov.in’ would foster 2-way communication between citizens and government. Also, it would enable sending online messages to citizens on special occasions/programs. Seventh Pillar – Electronics Manufacturing: Target NET ZERO IMPORTS by 2020 In India, the existing structure needs strengthening in order to boost electronic manufacturing; the target being ‘NET ZERO Imports’ in this domain in the days to come. This would be an ambitious goal which would require coordinated action on many fronts like taxation, incentives, economies of scale, and eliminate cost disadvantages. The areas under focus would include items like FABS, Fab-less design, Set top boxes, VSATs, Mobiles, Consumer & Medical Electronics, Smart Energy meters, Smart cards and micro-ATMs. At present, there are many ongoing programs in the domain of electronic manufacturing which will be fine-tuned with measures

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such as development of incubators, clusters, and focus on skill development along with measures such as Government procurement.

Eighth Pillar – IT for Jobs The objectives of this pillar is to train people in smaller towns and villages for IT sector jobs, setting up of BPO in each of the North- East State in order to foster ICT enabled growth, train service delivery agents to run viable businesses delivering IT services, and to train rural workforce to cater to their own needs and hence create a telecom ready workforce. These initiatives would be implemented mainly through DoT and DeitY.

Ninth Pillar – Early Harvest Programmes Some of the immediate measures which can be realised soon are covered in this pillar of ‘early harvest programmes’. These would be the measures such as creating IT platform targeted to elected representatives along with all the Government employees covering 1.36 Crore mobiles and 22 Lakh emails through development of a mass messaging application. Other measures would primarily include technological improvements such as Government greetings would now be e-Greetings, implementation of biometric attendance in all government offices, Wi-Fi in all universities, secured emails within government, standardized government email design, public Wi- Fi hotspots, school Books to be eBooks, SMS based weather information, SMS based disaster alerts and a national portal for lost-&-found children.

Acronyms  ATM: Automated Teller Machine

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 BPO: Business Process Outsourcing  BPR: Business Process Reengineering  CSC: Common Services Centers  D/o Posts: Department of Posts  DeitY: Department of Electronics and Information Technology  DIAG: Digital India Advisory Group  DoT: Department of Telecommunications  EDI: Electronic Data Interchange  ICT: Information and Communication Technology  NeGP: National e-Governance Plan  NKN: National Knowledge Network  NOFN: National Optical Fibre Network  SDC: State Data Centres  SMS: Short Message Service  SWAN: State Wide Area Networks  TSPs: Telecom Service Providers  UIDAI: Unique Identification Authority of India  VSAT: Very Small Aperture Terminal  Wi-Fi: Wireless Fidelity

Digital India initiative is a very meaningful program introduced by the government of India to improve digital connectivity and make governance in the country more transparent. Digital technologies are increasingly being used by us in day to day life for making bill payments, booking tickets, transferring money and more. It is being used in retail stores, educational institutes, government offices and almost everywhere. They help us in online transactions, connecting with each other and sharing information from anywhere in the world.

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Digital India is transforming India and bringing revolution in the life of people through various aspects of the program. There is immense growth in various services and sectors developing our nation to Digital India. It also aims at training rural people, making them digitally literate and providing various job opportunities in rural areas. With effective implementation of e- governance, information technology can reach common man. Digital India initiative is for the simplification of citizens, services and government. Digital India is a large-scale program projected at 1, 13,000 crores preparing India for digital and knowledge based transformation. The objective of Digital India is to connect India with high speed internet networks and encourage digital literacy. It aims for advancement in e-governance and growth in electronic services, manufacturing, devices and employment opportunities. It is centered on three key areas:

Digital Infrastructure for Every Citizen

 It aims at high speed internet availability to provide services to each citizen. It saves original and unique digital identity for lifelong authenticity of every citizen.  Bank account and mobile phone to make possible citizens participation in financial and digital space.  Ensure easily accessible common service centers.  Sharable private space available to the general public on a public cloud.  Ensure safe cyber-security. Governance and Services on Demand INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 15

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 To ensure service availability from digital platform.  All citizens’ rights to be available online.  Digital services for carrying on business easily.  Cashless electronic transactions.  Influencing Geospatial Information System. Digital Empowerment of Citizens

 Provide universal digital literacy  Accessible digital resources universally  All government certificates and documents to be available online.  To make digital services and resources available in Indian languages. Thus, it is centered on above mentioned three key areas and its sub components to digitally empower the citizens and our country. The digital India Campaign is a program launched by the Government of India to transform India into a digitally empowered country. Given below are some of the important facts and objectives of Digital India:

 Development of digital infrastructure and electronic manufacturing in India.  Delivering government services through electronic medium.  Empowering Indian citizens digitally.  The key tools that will strengthen the project are Digital Identity for authentication, Bank account for transfer of subsidies and payments, mobile phone for universal mobile connectivity to access all services.

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 5 lakh villages will have broadband and universal phone connectivity aiming at NET ZERO imports in 2020.  5 lakh educational centers including universities and schools will have Wi-Fi connectivity.  7 Crore people will be trained for IT, Electronics and Telecom jobs.  It will provide 1.7 crore job opportunities directly and the economic development will initiate additional 8.5 crore jobs. Around 10 crore jobs in the period of 4 years are expected.  India will have around 400,000 public Internet Access points.  One common service center in each gram panchayat in the state and 28000 BPO jobs will be generated.  The Digital India program aims at eliminating imports of electronics from foreign countries by 2020.  Government aims at ensuring that by 2019 every citizen in India will have Smartphone.  India to lead in use of IT in services such as education, health, banking, public cloud and internet access.  The internet users have gone up to 500 million in India till April 2017. Digital India program has strong focus on e-Governance and information technology for empowerment and efficiency.

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Digital Services by Government of India National e-governance plan is an initiative by Indian Government to bring all the government services online.

 Bharat Net: Bharat Broadband Network limited system by Government of India also Bharat net is telecom infrastructure provider for the organization, management and function of National Optical Fiber Network that will connect 625,000 villages of India by December 2018.  E-Sign Framework: It allows citizens to sign a document digitally with the help of Adhar authentication.  E-Hospital Application: It provides citizens with online services such as registration, appointment, payment, online diagnostic reports, etc.  E-Shopping: E-shopping is digital shopping platform that lets people buy goods and services online.

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 E-Learning: E-learning refers to online learning to access educational curriculum unlike traditional classroom education. In most cases the degree program or course is completely delivered online.  Digital Locker: The facility of Digital Locker will help citizens to store and have secure access to their important documents like PAN card, Passports, Degree Certificates and other Government issued documents by authenticity through Adhaar card. It encourages sharing verified digital documents across government agencies.  in is an online platform to participate in the matters of policy and governance by sharing inputs and ideas. It allows citizens to engage in governance. The digital revolution in India has mostly benefited the privileged groups but it is difficult to measure the scalability of different initiatives to affect the entire population equally. There needs to be more research, effective implementation and changes in policy and organizations for significant impact. Digital India is an ambitious program by Government of India for transforming India into digitally empowered country and knowledge based economy providing governance by coordinated engagement with state and central government. The vision of Digital India is to empower citizens of India with knowledge, services, information and create opportunities through digital advancements. Digital revolution in our country has lead to improved communication technology and computing. It is the economic revolution that marks changes in many aspects of our lives and

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complete shift in our society. There are many benefits of digital revolution and it isn’t surprising to see its advantages in our everyday life.

Advantages of Digital India Here are the advantages of Digital India we notice in our day to day life:

 Digital India links individuals and groups together: It is now so easy to stay connected to people in any corner of the world. We have instant access to friends, family and relatives within or outside the country.  Sharing ideas and thoughts: It is so easy to share your ideas and thoughts with the world using social media and technology. Your ideas can be shared, accepted, encouraged and loved by millions of people using internet medium.  Online opportunities: New startups can begin with access to internet. One can start new business in just few hours. Several job opportunities are generated and can be applied online from the comfort of your home.

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 Sales and purchase: Sales and purchase are now simpler and possible worldwide through online medium.  Digital India Payment: Digital payments are simpler to make, very convenient and it’s flexible to make payment anytime from anywhere. Further Digital India program aims at digitally empowered economy that is paperless, faceless and cashless.  Digitalization in Entertainment Industry: It includes Digitalization in movies and cinema, digitalization in music and second screen phenomenon. Second screen is the second device used other than television to watch television programs and shows. It also includes digitalization in gaming industries.  Online Banking: People have continuous access to banks with online banking. With digitalization banks provide better customer services. Customers don’t need to store large amount of cash anymore and can make cashless transactions at any time and place.  Document Management: From small scale organizations to multinational firms – digitization is the key to modern day document management. It is a secure, efficient and cost effective way.  Education: Education is provided online and we can have access to knowledge from anywhere. It also has made researching very quick and easy. There are many courses and programs one can pursue online to earn degree or get certified. Thus, there are many advantages of Digitization. Information has become easily accessible at just the click of a button and several tasks have become easier. The advantages of Digital India are increasing and widening at rapid speed and transforming India for the better.

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi today launched the Digital India program, which essentially comprises of various initiatives aimed at digital empowerment, improving digital infrastructure and offering on

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi today launched the Digital India program, which essentially comprises of various initiatives aimed at digital empowerment, improving digital infrastructure and offering on-demand governance and services. From building broadband highways, easing mobile connectivity and mainly promoting e-governance, the Digital India mission's main aim is to bridge the connectivity gap between the rural and urban areas. Here are the top 10 services launched by the government today.

1. DIGILocker - This initiative looks to minimize the usage of physical documents. It is a dedicated personal storage space for e-documents as well as Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) of e- documents issued by government departments. Individual locker will be linked to the resident's Aadhaar number, and enable sharing of e-documents across agencies whenever required. The sharing of these e-documents will be done through registered repositories thereby ensuring the authenticity of the documents online, and also minimize the loss and damage of important documents like birth certificate etc.

2. Bharat Net - This initiative will work towards building high- speed digital highways to connect all 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats of country by next year. This would be the world s largest rural broadband connectivity project using optical fiber.

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3. MyGov app - The PM also launched the mobile version of the MyGov.in website. This platform encourages citizen engagement in governance, and the app will do the same on mobile.

4. eSign - An initiative to eradicate forgery and fraudulent signature, the eSign framework would allow citizens to digitally sign a document online using Aadhaar authentication.

5. National Scholarships Portal - This new service is said to be a one-stop-solution for end-to-end scholarship process right from submission of student application, verification, sanction and disbursal to end beneficiary for all the scholarships provided by the Government of India.

6. Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) app - To further the Swachh Bharat mission, the government has launched this app and would be used by people and Government organizations.

7. E-education - The program looks to provide high-tech education using technology like smartphones, apps and Internet services. It can also be used to provide education in far-flung areas where it may not be possible for teachers to be present in person. The education can be imparted through virtual means as part of the program.

8. E-health - This initiative aims at providing timely, effective and economical healthcare services to all, especially to the ones that have little access to healthcare services. This service too will be linked to Aadhaar numbers, and will make getting lab reports

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DIGITAL INDIA and OPD appointments easier. The Online Registration System (ORS) under the eHospital application has also been introduced.

This application provides important services such as online registration, payment of fees and appointment, online diagnostic reports, inquiring availability of blood online etc, the government claims. With this initiative, one can skip the hassles of registration and other formalities at hospitals by merely identifying self through the Aadhaar Number, select hospital and department, select date of appointment and get the same through SMS.

9. Next Generation Network (NGN) - This is a BSNL initiative which looks to replace 30 year old exchanges, with this new IP- based technology to manage all types of services like voice, data, multimedia/ video and other types of communication services.

10. Wi-Fi hotspots - BSNL has undertaken large scale deployment of Wi-Fi hotspots throughout the country for Internet access on smatphones while on-the-go. The initiative has already kicked off with the government offering free Wi-Fi at tourist places like Taj Mahal, and spots at Shimla too.

The government even launched the official website for the Digital India program, and you can take a look at it here. Digital India is a campaign run by the government of India to make this country a digitally empowered country. The aim of launching this campaign is to provide Indian citizens electronic government services by reducing the paperwork. It is very effective and efficient technique which will save time and man

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DIGITAL INDIA power to a great extent. This initiative was started on 1st of July in 2015 to connect people of rural areas with the high-speed internet networks to access any information needed. Three

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important elements of digital India are like creation of digital infrastructure, digital literacy and delivering services digitally all over the country. This project has been aimed to be completed by 2019. It is the programme which will benefits both, service providers and consumers. There is an arrangement of digital India advisory group (chaired by Ministry of Communications and IT) in order to monitor and control this programme. Following are the benefits of digital India campaign:

 It makes possible the implementation of digital locker system which in turn reduces paper work by minimizing the usage of physical documents as well as enabling e-sharing through registered repositories.  It is an effective online platform which may engage people in governance through various approaches like “Discuss, Do and Disseminate”.  It ensures the achievement of various online goals set by the government.  It makes possible for people to submit their documents and certificates online anywhere which reduces physical work.

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 Through e-Sign framework citizens may digitally sign their documents online.  It may ease the important health care services through e- Hospital system such as online registration, taking doctor appointments, fee payment, online diagnostic tests, blood check-up, etc.  It provides benefits to the beneficiaries through National Scholarship Portal by allowing submission of application, verification process, sanction and then disbursal.  It is a big platform which facilitates an efficient delivery of government or private services all over the country to its citizens.  Bharat Net programe (a high-speed digital highway) will connect almost 250,000 gram panchayats of country.  There is a plan of outsourcing policy also to help in the digital India initiative.  For better management of online services on mobile such as voice, data, multimedia, etc, BSNL’s Next Generation Network will replace 30-year old telephone exchange.  National Centre for Flexible Electronics will help in the promotion of flexible electronics.  Large scale deployment of Wi-Fi hotspots has been planned by the BSNL all across the country.  There is a Broadband Highways in order to handle all the connectivity related issues.  Open access of broadband highways in all the cities, towns and villages will make possible the availability of world-class services on the click of mouse.

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Pitching India as the next Silicon Valley of the world as Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched Digital India Week on Wednesday. And while he called for investments in building Digital India, he made a remark that actually makes us all think— “If Indians can work in Google. Why can’t Google be made in India?” As per a report by ET, launching the project that aims at creating India that is digitally connected, he further added, “I dream of a Digital India where high-speed digital highways unite the nation....I dream of a Digital India where 1.2 billion connected Indians drive innovation...I dream of a Digital India where government is open and governance is transparent...I dream of a Digital India where technology ensures government is incorruptible...I dream of a Digital India where rural economy has access to e-healthcare...I dream of a Digital India where world looks to India for the next big idea.” He noted, “Just like Make in India is important, design in India is also important. The world recognises India's IT talent.”

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Aiming to connect the poor with technology, PM Modi said, “It is government's duty to make rural India benefit from digital drive. People used to debate why does a poor nation like India need to send satellites? But, now that satellites forecast weather, it benefits the poor farmer.” He further stated, “I am confident that all the citizens of this country will be able to fulfil their dreams through Digital India. We aim to change India's future. Demographic dividend needs digital strength.” He explained that importance of digital connectivity and emphasized that access to technology is extremely important for a poor, if India wanted to bridge the wide gap between its rich and poor. "We need to embrace the change that digital connectivity can bring. Now towns will come alongside places where the optical fibre network is present....Banking will soon go paperless....We can reduce the burden of students with Digital India...I can envision a world where people will store products in digital godowns," PM Modi said. He also noted that the project is extremely important for Modi’s efficient governance mantra—Minimum government and maximum governance. “E-governance is easy governance and economic governance. We have to empower citizens." "E- governance will soon become m-governance, that is mobile governance," he averred. Five ways the digital economy benefits the Government

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It’s been more than four months since the Indian government broke the news of demonetization to its citizens. After some initial jitters, the country has started to adopt the alternative solution – digital payments. While many people have been using the digital payment methods even before demonetization, the count has significantly increased in the recent four months. This digitization of payments across the country – irrespective of whether the transactions happen in rural or urban areas – looks promising. With new incentives from the government for people adopting digital payments, the dream of the digital economy in India is not very far. What is the digital economy? Coined in 1995, digital economy is a term that merely refers to a country’s economy that’s based on digital payment technologies. Digital economy completely changes the way people have been doing business for years now. With the evolution of the internet

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in the past 2-3 decades, digital economy has been growing profusely across various countries. The digital economy, apart from making transactions and payments easier, is expected to create new market growth opportunities and jobs.Some experts even anticipate that the digital economy will become the most significant business opportunity in the next few years. India and digital economy India comprises of 15 per cent of the world population, and with a growth rate of 7 to 8 per cent, India can very well become the second largest economy by 2030. To achieve this, the government considers the digital economy as the primary growth enabler. How will government benefit from digital economy? By implementing digital payment methods, like Digital Point of Sale (Digital POS), Unified Payments Interface (UPI), mobile wallets, Mobile Point of Sale (mPOS), etc., our country is moving towards creating a digital economy that will benefit the people and the government in various ways. Some of the primary advantages that government witnesses from the digital economy are: 1. Removal of Black Economy: When the transactions are made digitally, they can be easily monitored. Any payment made by any customer to any merchant will be recorded. This way, there will be no means for illegal transactions to occur. By restricting the cash-based transactions and using only digital payments, the government can efficiently expel the black economy. 2. Increase in Revenues: This is one of the most obvious and common benefits of the digital economy. When the transactions are digitized, monitoring sales and taxes becomes convenient.

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Since each transaction is recorded, the customers will get a bill for their purchase, and the merchants are bound to pay the sales tax to the government. This, in turn, increases the revenue of the government – thus resulting in growth of the overall financial status of the country. 3. Empowerment to People: One of the biggest advantages of moving towards digital economy is that it gives an empowerment to the citizens. When the payments move digital, each and every individual is bound to have a bank account, a mobile phone, etc. This way, the government can easily transfer the subsidies directly to Aadhaar-linked bank accounts of people. In short, people no longer have to wait to receive the incentives and subsidies that they are bound to receive from the government. This feature is already in place in most cities. One example of that would be the LPG subsidy that government gives to the common people. This subsidy payment is done via bank transfers these days. 4. Paves the way to e-governance: The quicker, safer, and more efficient alternative to traditional governance, e-governance will be the ultimate outcome of the digital economy. From birth certificate to death certificate, everything is available online – thus it is convenient for people to access the information they need on the go. Digital economy will definitely pave a way to e-governance, where delivery of all government services would be done electronically. 5. Creation of new jobs: The digital economy has a lot of potentials to enhance job opportunities in new markets as well as increasing employment opportunities in some of the existing occupations in the government. This way, the unemployment rate in the country is bound to decrease.

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As Abraham Lincoln rightly said, “Government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.” Whatever the government benefits from digital economy, directly have a positive impact on every citizen’s life. However, the let-down here is that according to the World Bank, “nearly a billion Indians are still not able to tap the benefits of a digital economy.” To move towards a digital India and achieve a better growing economy, every single citizen must use digital payments even for their petty expenditures.

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History Digital India was launched by the Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi on 1 July 2015 with an objective of connecting rural areas with high-speed Internet networks and improving digital literacy. The vision of Digital India programme is inclusive growth in areas of electronic services, products, manufacturing and job opportunities. It is centred on three key

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areas – digital infrastructure as a utility to every citizen, governance and services on demand, and digital empowerment of citizens.

Digital India Initiative The Government of India entity Bharat Broadband Network Limited (BBNL) which executes the BharatNet project is the custodian of Digital India (DI) project. Implementation New digital services Some of the facilities which will be provided through this initiative are Bharat net, digital locker, e-education, e-health, e- sign, e-shopping and national scholarship portal. As part of Digital India, Indian Government planned to launch Botnet cleaning centers. . National e-Governance Plan aimed at bringing all the front-end government services online.  MyGov.in is a platform to share inputs and ideas on matters of policy and governance. It is a platform for citizen engagement in governance, through a "Discuss", "Do" and "Disseminate" approach.  UMANG (Unified Mobile Application for New-age Governance) is a Government of India all-in-one single unified secure multi-channel multi-platform multi-lingual multi- service freeware mobile app for accessing over 1,200 central and state government services in multiple Indian languages over Android, iOS, Windows and USSD (feature phone) devices, including services such as AADHAR, DigiLocker, Bharat Bill Payment System, PAN, EPFOservices, PMKVY services, AICTE, CBS

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E, tax and fee or utilities bills payments, education, job search, tax, business, health, agriculture, travel, Indian railway tickets bookings, birth certificates, e-District, e-Panchayat, police clearance, passport, other utility services from private companies and much more.  eSign framework allows citizens to digitally sign a document online using Aadhaar authentication.  Swachh Bharat Mission (SBM) Mobile app is being used by people and Government organisations for achieving the goals of Swachh Bharat Mission.  eHospital application provides important services such as online registration, payment of fees and appointment, online diagnostic reports, enquiring availability of blood online etc.  Digital attendance: attendance.gov.in was launched by PM Narendra Modi on 1 July 2015 to keep a record of the attendance of government employees on a real-time basis. This initiative started with implementation of a common Biometric Attendance System (BAS) in the central government offices located in Delhi. . Back-end digitisation

 Black money eradication: The 2016 Union budget of India announced 11 technology initiatives including the use of data analytics to nab tax evaders, creating a substantial opportunity for IT companies to build out the systems that will be required. Digital Literacy mission will cover six crore rural households. It is planned to connect 550 farmer markets in the country through the use of technology. . Facilities to digitally empower citizens  Digital Locker facility will help citizens to digitally store their important documents like PAN card, passport, mark sheets and

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degree certificates. Digital Locker will provide secure access to Government issued documents. It uses authenticity services provided by Aadhaar. It is aimed at eliminating the use of physical documents and enables the sharing of verified electronic documents across government agencies. Three key stakeholders of DigiLocker are Citizen, Issuer and requester.  BPO and job growth: The government is planning to create 28,000 seats of BPOs in various states and set up at least one Common Service Centre in each of the gram panchayats in the state.  e-Sampark Vernacular email service: Out of 10% English speaking Indians, only 2% reside in rural areas. Rest everyone depends on their vernacular language for all living their lives. However, as of now, email addresses can only be created in the English language. To connect rural India with Digital India, the Government of India impelled email services provider giants including Gmail, office, and Rediff to provide the email address in regional languages. The email provider companies have shown positive sign and is working in the same process. An Indian-based company, Data Xgen Technologies Pvt Ltd, has launched world's first free linguistic email address under the name ‘DATAMAIL’[22]which allows creating email ids in 8 Indian languages, English; and three foreign languages – Arabic, Russian and Chinese. Over the period of time, the email service in 22 languages will be offered by Data XGen Technologies. Training

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PMGDisha logo Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan is being executed by PMGDisha with an outlay of Rs 2,351.38 crore with the objective of making 6 crore rural households digitally literate by March 2019. Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan (abbreviated as PMGDisha) is an initiative under Digital India program, approved by The Union Cabinet chaired by the PM Narendra Modi. The main objective of the Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan is to make 6 crore people in rural areas across India digitally literate, reaching around 40% of rural households by covering one member from every eligible household.

Ongoing awareness campaign

Andhra Pradesh Initiatives AP CM Dashboard AP CM Dashboard and Real Time Governance Society (RTGS) AP CM Dashboard (Core Dashboard) is aggregator of the information generating from various departments and displayed on a single screen. It is the brainchild of tech-savvy Chief minister of Andhra pradesh Shri Nara Chandrababu Naidu and first of this kind platform in India. It is being developed and managing INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 39

DIGITAL INDIA by Real Time Governance Society (RTGS), a special department created[34] to look after operations of RTGS state control center. One can check all the department activitieson a real-time basis and the data displayed on the screen is monitored by department heads. Being the first state to make use of this technology, the initiative has received tremendous appreciation from various realms including NITI Aayog[35] and International political platform called High-Level Political Forum (HLPF) at the international conference on sustainable development held in New York. Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Nara Chandrababu Naidu can execute various operations under the government while sitting in the room. All the departments share the progress of various projects on a Real-time basis.[36]There are daily, quarterly, monthly, and yearly updations too. Everything displayed on the dashboard is open to citizens and they can take the note. The look and design of the website make it user-friendly and people can have easy access. The information displayed is simple and clear. One can have access to the data sets like the current rainfall status, how many street lights have installed, and how many are working and so on. The dashboard has other features like multi-star rating, key performance indicators and government ranking.[37] e-Cabinet Taking a step further in e-Governance, for the first time[38] ever in the country, Andhra Pradesh government led by Chief Minister N. Chandrababu Naidu and his Council of Ministers had its first paperless e-Cabinet meeting by Using the app e-Cabinet a first- of-its-kind initiative in the country. The ministers accessed the entire agenda of the Cabinet meeting in electronic form by logging into the app on their laptops or Tabs.[39] The features of the app to prevent the user from sharing it with anyone. Also, INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 40

DIGITAL INDIA there is safety to the data as it is password-protected unlike in the conventional method where papers could easily be taken away from the member of the Cabinet by anyone. e-Pragati

E-Pragati, the Andhra Pradesh State Enterprise Architecture, is a holistic and coherent framework designed[40] to provide 750 services to over 30 million citizens by integrating 34 departments on a single platform.Unlike computerizing one department or service in state, e-Pragati aimed to computerize all departments and services in the state. Through this, the citizens will have a seamless service experience as they no longer have to go to government offices and can access the services from anywhere in the world. With e-Pragati platform, the government is making an effort to reach every citizen and serve them effectively. Bhudhaar Bhudhaar is a E-Governance project that is intended to assign a 11 Digits unique number to every land parcel in the state of Andhra Pradesh as part of the "land hub in E-Pragati programme". First of this kind platform in India to addressing issues in land record management Bhuseva Authority, an inter- departmental committee was formulated to implement and monitor the progress. Eventually all land related transactions will use Bhudhaar as single source of truth to reduces land related disputes. On 18-Feb 2019 Andhra pradesh Assembly given its consent to the legal usage of Bhudhaar Number in land documents.

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DIGITAL INDIA e-Panta (Crop Booking) Mee Bhoomi Electronic crop booking (e- Crop booking) is an Android application launched[45] with a local name called e- Panta, first of this kind platform designed in India to know the ground reality of the crop details and to analyse the crop pattern across the Andhra Pradesh state and to capture the standing crop in the state. Photographs as evidence in the case of crop damage and insurance are also available as the arable land in the state has been captured in latitude and longitude along with subdivision and occupancy. All field officers are trained to capture the crop details in the existing agricultural fields using tabs and to upload the crop details to the server for every crop season.[46] The features include an online transfer of crop details to Webland (land record management website), evidence in the case of crop damage for insurance, evidence for crop loans by banks, crop pattern and water tax demand analysis, and GPS location of each land parcel across the state. The mobile app covers land use and the entire Pattadar’s history of land cover. Loan Charge Loan Charge creation project of Government of Andhra Pradesh, first of this kind in is initially developed in India to curtail bogus and multiple loans issued[48] to the farmers. By using this module, Bankers can verify the land details in adangal and ROR‐ 1B copies and also know whether any loan is taken on the same land. The financial institutions like banks, Primary Agricultural Cooperative Societies (PACS) and Sub Registrar offices of Registration Department spread across the State of Andhra Pradesh are covered under the application. Nearly 78 lakhs of farmers, 2.25 crores people of the State are covered under the project along with 61 Major Banks, PACS and District Cooperative Central Bank (DCCBs) having 6000 branches are INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 42

DIGITAL INDIA using[49]this application to deliver the loans and for creating charges on the land. Outcome Reception The programme has been favoured by multiple countries including the US, Japan, South Korea, the UK, Canada, Australia, Malaysia, Singapore, Uzbekistan and Vietnam. At the launch ceremony of Digital India Week by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in Delhi on 1 July 2015, top CEOs from India and abroad committed to invest ₹224.5 lakh crore(US$3.2 trillion) towards this initiative. The CEOs said the investments would be utilized towards making smartphones and internet devices at an affordable price in India which would help generate jobs in India as well as reduce the cost of importing them from abroad. Leaders from Silicon Valley, San Jose, California expressed their support for Digital India during PM Narendra Modi's visit in September 2015. Facebook's CEO, Mark Zuckerberg, changed his profile picture in support of Digital India and started a chain on Facebook and promised to work on WiFi Hotspots in rural area of India. Google committed to provide broadband connectivity on 500 railway stations in India. Microsoft agreed to provide broadband connectivity to five hundred thousand villages in India and make India its cloud hub through Indian data centres. Qualcomm announced an investment of US$150 million in Indian startups. Oracle plans to invest in 20 states and will work on payments and Smart city initiatives. However, back in India, cyber experts expressed their concern over internet.org and viewed the Prime Minister's bonhomie with Zuckerberg as the government's indirect approval of the controversial

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DIGITAL INDIA initiative. The Statesman reported, "Prime Minister Narendra Modi's chemistry with Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg at the social media giant's headquarters in California may have been greeted enthusiastically in Silicon Valley but back home several social media enthusiasts and cyber activists are disappointed." Later the Prime Minister office clarified that net neutrality will be maintained at all costs and vetoed the Basic Internet plans. Digital India has also been influential in promoting the interests of the Indian Railways. Criticisms Several academic scholars have critiqued ICTs in development. Some take issue with technological determinism, the notion that ICTs are a sure-fire antidote to the world's problems. Instead, governments must adjust solutions to the specific political and social context of their nation. Others note that technology amplifies underlying institutional forces, so technology must be accompanied by significant changes in policy and institutions in order to have meaningful impact. It is being thought that there needs to be more research on the actual worth of these multimillion-dollar government and ICT for development projects. For the most part, the technological revolution in India has benefited the already privileged sectors of Indians. It is also difficult to scale up initiatives to affect all Indians, and fundamental attitudinal and institutional change is still an issue. While much ICT research has been conducted in Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Gujarat, poorer states such as Bihar and Orissa are rarely mentioned.

Impact Internet subscribers had increased to 500 million in India as of April 2017. On 28 December 2015, Panchkula INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 44

DIGITAL INDIA district of Haryana was awarded for being the best as well as top performing district in the state under the Digital India campaign. India is now adding approximately 10 million daily active internet users monthly, which is the highest rate of addition to the internet community anywhere in the world.

India.gov.in India.gov.in is the Indian government’s web portal for citizens. It presents information resources and online services from government sources, accessible from a single point. It is also known as the National Portal of India.

India.gov.in

Logo

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Screenshot of India Portal's homepage

Type of site National government portal

Available in English, Hindi

Owner Indian government, and private.

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Website india.gov.in

Alexa rank 10,775

Commercial No

Registration Not required

Launched 10 November 2005; 13 years ago

Current status Active

This is the official portal of the Indian Government, designed, developed and hosted by National Informatics Centre (NIC), an S&T Organisation of the government of India under the aegis of the Department of Electronics and Information Technology, Ministry of Communications & Information Technology. The portal has been developed as a Mission Mode Project under the National E-Governance Plan of the government. The objective is to provide a single window access to the information and services such as passport, driving licenses, company registration etc. being provided by the Indian government for the citizens and other stakeholders. India.gov.in has sections for people living abroad, business persons, government employees, senior citizens and children. The portal is also useful to foreign citizen and researchers searching INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 47

DIGITAL INDIA for information on India. It provides details of the people occupying high offices in India, the work completed by ministries, press releases, demographics, tourism, and cultural heritage. India.gov.in links to Union, State, District and local level official websites and is the most comprehensive portal about the government of India with links to 6,700 government websites. The website also has a feature that customizes the content displayed, based on a user’s individual profile and preferences. It is accessible by disabled people and users of handheld devices The portal has an average of around eight lakh (8,00,000) website visitors per month. While most of these visitors are from India, around 28 per cent come from outside India. Content India.gov.in provides website visitors with content presented in a user friendly format, with access to more than 5000 services. Details of the major sections of the portal: Government provides details about people holding portfolios in the legislature, executive, judiciary and defence forces of India. It has information about the constitution, parliament, acts, rules, regulations and schemes of the government. It has a place where government employees can see facts about recruitment, training, pension, housing and related topics. The section provides a searchable contact directory, a database of government websites. Citizen has information on issues for Indian citizens. It includes information on topics like health, agriculture, education, employment, housing, senior citizens, law, tourism, banking and

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DIGITAL INDIA taxes. Each segment provides information on schemes, facilities, and FAQs, in addition to tips and links to Government resources. Overseas is for non-resident Indians, persons of Indian origin, and foreign nationals. The section is a handbook to people wishing to visit or study in India. It has information on passports, visas, customs rules, travel advisories, embassies, educational courses, and travel. The segment on the Indian diaspora talks about schemes, awards and events available and a list of commonly asked questions. Sectors offers an overview of the work being done by development sectors and their units. These are the Ministry of Agriculture; Water Resources; Finance: Commerce and Industry; Communications and Information Technology; Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution; Defence; Education; Rural Development; Transport; Science and Technology, Health and Family Welfare; and Environment and Forests. Directories is a link repository of web links which links to official websites/web-pages of the states and union territories. It consists of links to Union Government bodies, state and union territories departments and bodies, legislature to judiciary. It includes telephone numbers listed by state, with STD, ISD and PIN codes. Documents has documents and reports released or published by the Indian Government at the Central or State level. Forms is a resource for application forms of central/state/UT governments for services, certificates and licences. Acts. The Indiacode Textbase contains the sections, schedules, short title, enactment date, and footnotes in every act. The Statement of Objects and Reasons, Table of Contents, or the status of an act can be retrieved through INCODIS. Through INCODIS users look up the acts or amendments provided they

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DIGITAL INDIA know either the act year, act number, section number, schedule number- or some keywords included in the act. Rules includes important rules passed by parliament and the State Legislative Assemblies as well as the sub-ordinate legislations issued by the departments. Schemes is where the government announces welfare schemes. The schemes could be either central, state specific or a joint collaboration between the centre and the states. Tenders takes a visitor to the sub-site www.tenders.gov.in, a portal for tenders published by Indian government departments, public sector units, public sector banks, state government departments and other government organisations. Know India offers the heritage, history, culture, geography, politics and demographics of the country. It introduces the nation’s national symbols, states, Union Territories, districts and national holidays. The Kids Corner and My India My Pride segments of the section educate citizens about the legacy of the country. My India My Pride is a segment which has the Presidents Address to the nation, Republic Day Webcast, poems on India, photo archive of republic day celebrations. There is a listing of awardees of Bharat Ratna, Param Vir Chakra, Padma Awards, Gallantry Awards, Bravery Awards, Correctional Service Medal Awards, Police Medal for Gallantry and Meritorious Service Awards. Business Section is a microsite for business information at business.gov.in. Also known as the Business Portal of India, this section provides a guide for entrepreneurs and content on doing business in India. The website links to business-related online services, provides forms of government departments and connects business-related government websites.

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Current Information is a source of live webcasts of National events such as the Republic Day Parade and the Union budget of India. It provides a feed of news articles from Doordarshan, offers press releases sourced from the Press Information Bureau and a list of announcements contributed by central and state departments. How Do I provides information and links to citizen services provided by the central and state/UT governments in India. Spotlight is a monthly feature that highlights an online service, scheme or event of the Government, which may be of significance to citizens. Peoples Group gives information on groups such as Defence and Paramilitary personnel, Indian diaspora, students, entrepreneurs, The Eco Warriors, kids, job seekers, government employees, rural Indian, differently-abled, importers and exporters, senior citizen and Nagar Palikas. Newsletter . At the beginning of every month, India.gov.in sends out a newsletter detailing the new offerings of the portal and providing a summary of the latest publications, websites and press releases. Special newsletters are brought out to promote events like New Year’s Day and the Web Ratna Awards. NGO Partnership System is a micro site that provides a platform for social networking amongst Non Governmental Organizations(NGO) and other voluntary organizations doing social work and promoting causes in India. It enables them to apply online for grants against government schemes. CIC Online is a microsite that provides a platform for the citizen of India to lodge online complaint and/or appeal under RTI Act to the Central Information Commission, an adjudicatory body for the Public Authorities under the government of India. It enables them to online check status of the petition using the Unique

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Identification Number. The site is compliant with WCAG 2.0 Level AA. E-Greetings has e-greetings for Indian festivals and national holidays. It has e-cards on monuments, culture, natural beauty and villages of the country.

Features The Hindi Language Portal gives the content of India.gov.in in Hindi under india.gov.in/hi. Content Depository is a storehouse of documents, forms, contact directories, schemes, acts, rules and websites contributed by government Ministries and Departments at the central and state level. The contribution of such content is facilitated by a Content Management System(CMS). Accessibility options - English and Hindi versions of the portal are accessible to visitors irrespective of any disability they may have or difference in the device or technology they are using. Such features, like descriptive text for links and images, keyboard browsing and ability to change text size enable better readability in screen readers, magnifiers and mobile phones. Standardization. The portal adheres to the ‘Guidelines for Indian Government Websites’. It is also W3C compliant and is certified as a quality website by the Standardization Testing and Quality Certification (STQC) Directorate. The Scope of Approval of this certificate covers three ISO Standards - ISO 25051:2006 Software

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Engineering, ISO/IEC 9126-1:2001 Software Engineering and ISO/IEC TR 9126-2:2003 Software Engineering.[citation needed] Web Ratna awards. India.gov.in has instituted the Web Ratna Awards to recognize exemplary e-governance initiatives in the Government sector. Nominations were invited for six categories from all units of the Indian government at the centre and state level as well as Indian missions abroad.

Awards India.gov.in and its microsites has won awards:

. CIC Online received the ‘Best Project- G2G/G2C’ award for excellence in the CSI-Nihilent E-Governance Awards 2008-09 at the CSI Annual Convention in Pune (2009) . The 'Government to Citizens Initiative of the Year' Award, in the eGovernance track, at the e-India Awards, 2009 held at Hyderabad.

. Best Paper Award at the 6th International Conference on E- Governance (ICEG-2008) with its paper titled, 'Stakeholder Empowerment through Participatory Governance: A Case Study'.

. Finalist at the Stockholm Challenge, 2008 (Public Administration Category)

. A paper on Citizen participation in the process of ICT enabled governance: A Case Study presented at the 1st International Conference on Electronics Government A Theory and Practice Macau, 2007.

. Best System Demonstration Award at the 9th International Digital Government Research Conference in Montreal, Canada, 2008.

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. Best e-Content award at the "Manthan Award" 2007 organised by the Digital Empowerment Foundation. . Silver Icon Award in the Best Website Category at the 10th National E-Governance Conference held at Bhopal. . ‘Best Project- Technology’ award for excellence in the CSI- Nihilent E-Governance Awards at the CSI Annual Convention in Kolkata (2006)[citation needed] National e-Governance Plan The National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) is an initiative of the Government of India to make all government services available to the citizens of India via electronic media. NeGP was formulated by the Department of Electronics and Information Technology(DeitY) and Department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances (DARPG). The Government approved the National e-Governance Plan, consisting of 27 "Mission Mode Projects" (MMPs) and Tencomponents, on 18 May 2006. This is an enabler of Digital India initiative, and UMANG (Unified Mobile Application for New-age Governance) in turn is an enabler of NeGP.

National e-Governance Plan

राष्ट्र ीय ई-शासन योजना

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Public Services Closer Home

Abbreviation NeGP

Motto Public Services Closer Home

Formation May 18, 2006

Headquarters New Delhi

Location  Offices Spread All Over India

Region served India

President & Ms Radha CEO (NeGD) Chauhan, IAS

Parent Ministry of organisation Electronics and Information

Technology

Website meity.gov.in

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Meta Data and Data Standards(MDDS)

Meta data and data standards or MDDS is the official document describing the standards for common metadata as part of India's National e-Governance Plan. The plan Background The 11th report of the Second Administrative Reforms Commission, titled "Promoting e-Governance - The Smart Way Forward", established the government's position that an expansion in e-Government was necessary in India. The ARC report was submitted to the Government of India on 20 December 2008.The report cited several prior initiatives as sources of inspiration, including references to the Singapore ONE programme. To pursue this goal, the National e-Governance Plan was formulated by the Department of Information Technology (DIT) and Department of Administrative Reforms & Public Grievances(DAR&PG). The program required the development of new applications to allow citizen access to government services through Common Service Centers; it aimed to both reduce government costs and improve access to services.

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Criticism Lack of needs analysis, business process reengineering, interoperability across MMPs, and coping with new technology trends (such as mobile interfaces, cloud computing, and digital signatures) were some of the limitations of the initiative.

The Indian Electronic Industry:

The Indian electronics industry is seeing growth encouraged both by government policies and incentives and by international investment. Its key and most resource-intensive segment, the semiconductor industry has substantial potential for growth since domestic demand is growing briskly. Semiconductors are required by a large number of industries, including telecommunications, information technology, industrial machinery and automation, medical electronics, automobile, engineering, power and solar photovoltaic, defense and aerospace, consumer electronics, and appliances. According to a NOVONOUS report, a steady and significant spurt in the semiconductor industry will increase the domestic market size fivefold during 2013-2020. As of 2015, however, the skill gap in Indian industry threatened progress, with 65 to 70 per cent of the market relying on imports.

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Electronics industry Statistics and trends Market-size India's electronics market one of the largest in the world in terms of consumption, is predicted to grow to approximately US$400 billion by 2020 from $69.6 billion in 2012, largely led by up-surge in demand, growing at a projected compound annual growth rate of close to 25% over the period. In 2013-14, 65℅ of demand for electronic products was met through imports. According to a Frost & Sullivan-IESA data analysis, five high priority product categories together account for 60% of the overall electronic consumption. In descending order, these are mobile phones (38.85%), flat panel display television (7.91%), notebooks (5.54%) and desktops (4.39℅). India’s appliance and consumer electronics market, which was worth US$9.7 billion in 2014, is predicted to grow at a compound annual rate of 13.4%, and reach $20.6 billion by 2020. Within consumer electronics segment, set-top boxes are seen as the fastest growing category, with Y-o-Y growth predicted to be 28.8℅ between 2014-2020, followed by the television category at 20%, refrigerators at 10%, washing machines at 8-9% and air- conditioners at around 6-7%. In 2013, demand for IT electronics in India was estimated to be valued at around US$13 billion.

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The market opportunity for aerospace and defence (A&D) electronics in India is predicted to be worth upwards of US$70 billion by 2029-2030, of which around US$55 billion may be generated from electronics which are part of the platforms to be procured and rest from system-of-system projects.

Domestic production The total domestic productions of electronic goods during 2012- 13, 2013–14 and 2014–15 were INR 1,64,172 crore, INR 1,80,454 crore and INR 1,90,366 crore, respectively. The electronics hardware manufacturing industry in India is projected to produce electronic goods worth $104 billion by 2020 from US$32.462 billion in 2013–14. In FY13, India's share in global electronics hardware production was 1.6%. The communication and broadcasting equipment segment constituted 31℅, thereby having a dominant share in the total production of electronic goods in India in FY13, followed by consumer electronics at 23℅. Of the smartphones shipped in the country in the April–June quarter of 2015, 24.8% were either manufactured or assembled in India, up from 19.9% in the previous quarter. Of the 220 million mobile sets shipped in India in 2015-16,around 110 million mobile phones have been either made or assembled in India in the last year, compared to 60 million earlier. Mobile handset manufacturing in 2015-16 grew by 185℅ in value terms to ₹54,000 crore from ₹19,000 crore in the previous year. According to an ASSOCHAM-EY study titled Turning the Make in India dream into a reality for electronics and hardware industry , the Indian electronics and hardware industry was expected to grow at a CAGR of 13%–16% in 2013–18 to reach $112–130 billion by 2018 from a 2016 level of $75 billion. According to a report of INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 59

DIGITAL INDIA the NITI Aayog published in May 2016, the electronics industry's contribution to GDP is only 1.7% in India, compared to 15.5% in Taiwan, 15.1% in South Korea and 12.7% in China. In 2014, the level of localized input/value addition for televisions was around 25-30% as the panels, semiconductors and the glass needed for manufacturing LCD/LED TVs had to be imported. For air-conditioners, localization was about 30-40% as the compressor, refrigerant, motor and coil were imported. About 35- 40% of components for set-top boxes were sourced domestically. The localized content for washing machines and refrigerators was at around 70%. In mobile phone assembly in India, around only 2-8℅ localized value addition is reported to be created in 2016. Exports and imports India is a net importer of electronics goods, with the majority of India's imported electronics coming from China. In 2015, electronics overtook gold and is placed immediately after crude oil as the second most valued category of imports to the country. In 2019, Prof Vikram Kumar, emeritus professor in physics at IIT Delhi revealed that India is spending more money on import of semiconductor than on oil. Exports Electronics exports from India were estimated to be around $7.66 billion in FY13, a slight decline from $8.15 billion in FY12, although in INR terms, they grew from 44000 crore rupees to 46300 crore rupees in the same period, owing to depreciation of the rupee. The telecom segment dominated India's electronics exports in 2013–14, followed by electronic components, instruments, consumer electronics, and computing. Technological improvements and competitive cost-effectiveness are thought to be the key drivers behind the growing demand for INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 60

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Indian electronics products abroad. In rupee terms, Indian electronic hardware exports almost doubled from 109940 crore in 2009-10 to 196103 crore in 2013–14. In FY14, India's electronics exports declined to $6 billion, forming 0.28% of the global electronics trade. Imports The total imports of electronic goods during 2012-13, 2013–14, and 2014–15, were estimated to be worth INR 1,79,000 crore (US$28 billion), INR 1,95,900 crore (US$31 billion) and INR 2,25,600 crore (US$37 billion) respectively. The importation of phones has increased sharply from $665.47 million in 2003-04 to $10.9 billion in 2013-14, according to the commerce ministry data. Import of phones from China has grown from a $64.61 million to $7 billion during the same period. In 2013-14, India's electronics trade deficit was valued at US$23.5 billion, of which China accounted for 67℅. From around $28 billion in FY11, the importation of electronics could reach $40 billion in FY16.As of 2016, local manufacturing of electronics has risen, beginning a turnaround at a time when Indian exports have been relatively weak. In January 2016, electronic imports, which accounted for 27% of India's yearly trade deficit, shrank by 2.2% to $3.2 billion, while electronic exports rose 7.8% to $0.5 billion.

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Government initiatives To promote overall growth and open job opportunities, projected to be more than 28 million by attracting investments worth $100 billion, the Indian central government has sought to reduce the country's electronics import bill from 65% in 2014–15 to 50% in 2016 and gradually to a net-zero electronics trade by 2020.[21] India has pursued a two-pronged strategy of import substitution and export encouragement, through the Make in India campaign coupled with the Digital Indiacampaign, along with the Startup India[22] and the Skill India campaigns. The government has fostered an environment conducive to foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow in a number of ways, as outlined in the National Electronics Policy and the National Telecom Policy. . Increased liberalisation of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): 100% FDI through an automatic route.

. Relaxation of tariffs.

. Establishment of Electronic Hardware Technology Parks (EHTPs) and Special Economic Zones (SEZs).

. Implementation of Preferential Market Access (PMA).[25] . Imposing basic customs duties on certain items falling outside the framework of the IT free trade agreement.

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. Exempting import-dependent inputs/components for PC manufacturing from a Special Additional Duty (SAD).

. Incentivising the export of certain electronics goods in the Focus Products scheme under the Foreign Trade Policy.

. Funding 3000 PhD students in electronics and IT across the Indian universities. . Imposing an education cess on imported electronic products for parity. . To offer incentives of up to $1.7 billion by 2020 to electronics hardware manufacturing entities setting up shops in India to help offset disadvantages of developing the new industry in the country, a Modified Special Incentive Package Scheme (MSIPS)[26] has been initiated. The government has approved 40 proposals worth over INR9538 crore between January 2014 and June 2015 under the scheme. . The establishment of greenfield and brownfield Electronic Manufacturing Clusters (EMCs) is encouraged under the EMC scheme. Some 200 EMCs are projected by 2020, of which 30 are already in the process of establishment. The National Institution for Transforming India (NITI Aayog), a policy think-tank under the Indian central government, has suggested in a draft report that a policy be adopted to provide a tax holiday for a period of ten years to firms investing US$1 billion or more that also create 20,000 jobs. The report, hinting at a policy tilt toward the Information Technology Agreement-2 (ITA -2), also suggests that India should re- strategize its defensive policies regarding Free Trade agreements (FTAs) and aggressively pursue export-oriented policies to utilize

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these FTAs as opportunities to obtain duty-free access to the electronics markets of its FTA partners.

Investments in the electronics sector The electronics sector in India attracted foreign direct investment or FDI (equity capital component only, and after excluding the amount remitted through Reserve Bank of India's NRI schemes) worth $1.636 billion between April 2000 and March 2016, which was 0.57% of the cumulative FDI equity inflow worth $288.51 billion the country received in the same period. As of February 2016, the government has received 156 proposals with investment commitments worth INR1.14 lakh crore or $16.8 billion in the previous 20 months, according to the India Electronics and Semiconductor Association (IESA), an organisation that promotes local manufacture of computer hardware and electronic goods in India. As of June 2016, the Indian electronics sector expects investments worth of US$56 billion over the next four years to fulfill its goal of generating exports worth over US$80 billion by 2020. As of August 2016, India has attracted investments from 37 mobile manufacturing companies in the last one year, creating 40,000 direct jobs and around 125,000 indirect jobs. As of May 2016, out of 195 investment proposals, worth INR 1.21 lakh crore, the government has approved 74 applications amounting to Rs 17,300 crore, while 27 proposals have been declined. . Foxconn, the world’s largest contract electronics manufacturer, which is based in Taiwan, has pledged investment worth $5 billion to set up R&D and electronic manufacturing facilities in India within the next five years.

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. In January 2015, the Spice Group signed a MoU with the state government to set up a mobile phone manufacturing unit in Uttar Pradesh with an investment of ₹5 billion(US$72 million). . In January 2015, Samsung contemplated a joint public-private initiative under which 10 "MSME-Samsung Technical Schools" will be established in India.[38] In February, Samsung announced that it will manufacture the Samsung Z1 in its plant in Noida. In addition to mobile phones, Samsung's factories in Noida and Sriperumbudur produce appliances and consumer electronics such as refrigerators, LED televisions, washing machines, and split air conditioners. . In February 2015, Huawei opened an R&D center in Bengaluru with an investment of US$170 million. It is also setting up a telecom hardware manufacturing plant in Chennai, which has been approved by the central government. . In February 2015, Xiaomi began initial talks with the Andhra Pradesh government to begin manufacturing smartphones at a Foxconn-run facility in Sri City. In early August 2015, the company announced that the first manufacturing unit was operational within seven months after it was conceived. . In August 2015, Lenovo had commenced operations at a smartphone manufacturing plant in Sriperumbudur, near Chennai, in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, run by the Singapore-based contract manufacturer Flextronics International Ltd. The plant has separate manufacturing lines for Lenovoand Motorola, as well as separate quality assurance and product testing functions. . Taiwan's major contract manufacturer, Wistron Corp., which makes devices for companies such as BlackBerry, HTC and Motorola, announced plans in

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November 2015 to manufacture the devices at a new factory in Noida, Uttar Pradesh. . In December 2015, Micromax announced that it would set up three new manufacturing units in the Indian states of Rajasthan, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh at a cost of ₹3 billion (US$43 million). The plants may become operational in 2016, each employing 3,000-3,500 people. . Phone manufacturer Vivo Mobile India began manufacturing smartphones in December 2015 at a plant in Greater Noida, employing a workforce of 2,200 people. . The US-based personal comuting hardware multinational Dell Technologies ( formerly known as Dell), which in 2016 marked its twenty years of presence in India with a current strength of over 27,000 Indian employees, looks to expand its capacity with an objective of exporting from India, at its laptop and computer manufacturing factory in Sriperumbudur near Chennai, where it previously invested US$30 million. Dell has plans of investing in the tunes of US$300 million through its venture fund arm Dell ventures, in Indian start-ups working in cloud computing, security and analytics as well as in manufacturing of microprocessors and photo voltaic cells. Chennai-based Munoth Industries has partnered with China's Better Power for technological support as it aims to set up India’s first of its kind Lithium-ion cell manufacturing plant in Tirupati in three phases by 2022 with an investment of Rs 799 crore. The first phase of the project will be complete by 2019 and the latter phases by 2022. The plant is expected to generate 1,700 job opportunities. The company has invested Rs 165 crore for the first phase, in which it would draw a capital investment of Rs 25 crore from the Central Government under Make In India scheme. The state government of Andhra Pradesh also will provide fiscal and operational incentives,

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DIGITAL INDIA including subsidies on taxes and power costs. The company intends to sell finished lithium ion cells to mobile phone manufacturers and battery pack manufacturers in India.

Semiconductor industry With the newly heralded era of Internet of Things (IoT) dictating that the new generation of interconnected devices be capable of smart-computing, Indian semiconductor industry is set for a stable upsurge with bright prospects provided India's generic obstacles like redtape-ism, fund crunch and infrastructural deficits are adequately addressed. Statistics and trends The fast growing electronics system design manufacturing ( ESDM ) industry in India has vibrant design capabilities with the number of units exceeding 120. As stated by the Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DeitY), approximately 2,000 chips are being designed in India every year with more than 200,000 engineers currently employed to work on various aspects of IC design and verification. According to a NOVONOUS report, the consumption of semiconductors in India, mostly import-based, is estimated to rise from $10.02 billion in 2013 to $52.58 billion by 2020 at a dynamic CAGR of 26.72%. The report estimates that the consumption of mobile devices will grow at a CAGR of 33.4% between 2013 and 2020, driving the share of mobile devices in semiconductor revenue up from 35.4% in 2013 to 50.7% in 2020. Moreover, the telecom segment is also expected to rise at a CAGR of 26.8 percent during 2013-20. The information technology and office automation segment are estimated to grow at a CAGR of 18.2% in the same period. The

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DIGITAL INDIA consumer electronics segment also is expected to grow at a CAGR of 18.8% over the seven years. The automotive electronics segment is expected to grow at 30.5% CAGR from 2013 to 2020. The EDSM industry will also grow on the back of these high consumption-led industries. Currently, almost all the semiconductor demand is met by imports from countries like the USA, Japan, and Taiwan. In the semiconductor sector, India has a significant human-capital pool which is currently concentrated in design, in the absence of an end-to-end manufacturing base. But the nascent ESDM segment in India is premised on competent domestic research by Indian universities and institutes across the entire semiconductor manufacturing value chain; namely, chip design and testing, embedded systems, process-related, EDA, MEMS and sensors, etc., which have contributed to a voluminous number of research publications.

Initiatives in the semiconductor industry As of 2016, the government allows 100% FDI in the ESDM sector through an automatic route to attract investments including from Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) and Integrated Device Manufacturers (IDMs), and those relocating to India from other countries, in addition to EMC, MIPS and other incentives and schemes provided to the electronics sector. The Department of Electronics and information Technology (DeitY), in line with Skill India campaign has launched an INR INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 68

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49 crore scheme for capacity building in ESDM.[64] In October 2015, Infineon Technologies, a German semiconductor firm partnered with National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) to enhance skill and manpower in semiconductor technology, aimed at boosting the ESDM ecosystem in India. The India Electronics & Semiconductor Association (IESA) has announced a SPEED UP and SCALE-UP of its talent development initiative to be implemented through the Centre of Excellence with Electronics Sector Skills Council of India (ESSCI) and an MoU with the Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU) and the RV-VLSI Design Center to build human capital in the ESDM field. ESSCI, which has developed over 140 Qualification Packs (QP) / National Occupation Standards (NOS) across 14 sub-sectors of which Embedded System Design and VLSI are key domains absorbing engineers, established their first-ever Centre of Excellence (CoE) at BMS college of Engineering for VLSI and embedded system design.[69] IESA signed an MoU with Taiwan Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers’ Association (TEEMA) to encourage co-operation in technology and knowledge transfer and investment commitment to domestic ESDM sector that can benefit both Indian and Taiwanese companies. IESA also entered into a MoU with Singapore Semiconductor Industry Association (SSIA) in February 2015, with an objective to forge trade and technical cooperation tie-ups between the electronics and semiconductor industries of both the countries. The Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DeitY) has established an Electronics Development Fund (EDF) managed by Canara Bank ( CANBANK Venture Capital Funds or CVCFL) to provide risk capital and to attract venture funds, angel funds and seed funds for incubating R&D and fostering the

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DIGITAL INDIA innovative environment in the sector. As of June 2016, the establishment of “Fund of Funds for Start-ups” (FFS) approved by the union cabinet as part of the EDF for contribution to various Alternative Investment Funds (AIF) or daughter funds, registered with Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) which would extend funding support to Start-ups,in line with the Start-up India Action Plan unveiled by Government in January 2016, will be beneficial to the start-ups in the ESDM space, according to IESA. The National Centre for Flexible Electronics (NCFlexE) at IIT Kanpur, the National Centre for Excellence in Technology for Internal Security (NCETIS) at IIT Bombay and the Centre for Excellence for Internet of Things at NASSCOM, Bengaluru have been set up to promote the development of national capability in ESDM. Recent notable achievements in ESDM (Electronic System Design & Manufacturing) Research and Development In 2011, Hyderabad based semiconductor chip design services entity SoCtronics completed the first 28 nm design chip to be developed in India. Bangalore-based Indian company Navika Electronics has designed GNSS/GPS SoC(System on Chip) chipsets based on ARM core processors under its own brandname for portable applications like receiving/down conversion and amplification of GPS and Galileo signals. The Centre for Nano Science and Engineering (CeNSE), IISc, Bengaluru, in collaboration with KAS Tech, a Bengaluru-based electronics manufacturing company, has developed 'Ocean', a highly integrated and portable chemical vapour depositor that can commercially produce various two dimensional materials including graphene, in an easy 'plug and grow' approach which can have various novel applications in the ESDM sector, for both academia and industry alike. INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 70

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In what could be viewed as a breakthrough for the country’s electric automobile programme as well as indigenous electronics manufacturing, the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and the Automotive Research Association of India (ARAI) together have developed and validated through tests, using ISRO's state of the art cell technology, a lithium ion battery prototype for application in electric vehicles and looks forward to commercialising the technology through mass production by partnering with automotive companies. Currently India's lithium ion battery requirements are completely met by import as there is no domestic manufacturing of these batteries. While the raw material for the batteries still has to be imported, rest of the value chain can be synthesized domestically at competitive cost, if the project clears all the barriers. Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology - Bombay (IIT-B), in a collaboration with ISRO’s Semi-Conductor Labs (SCL), Chandigarh, have developed an indigenous Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT) which can function with Bi-CMOS (Bipolar Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor). Analog or mixed chips based on various digital Bi-CMOS technology with integrated analog high frequency BJT based amplifiers are essential for IoT and space applications like high frequency communications as they reduce form factor, power consumption, weight, size dimensions and cost etc.

Investments in Semiconductor Industry in India In 2014, the ESDM industry was projected to see investment proposals worth Rs 10,000 crore (US$1.5 billion) over the next two years, along with five partially state-funded start-up incubation centres of the 250 planned by the industry-body, as per IESA. INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 71

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Miscellaneous Investments in Semiconductor Industry . Cyient Ltd. has signed an agreement to acquire a 74 per cent equity stake in Rangsons Electronics Pvt Ltd, a Mysuru-based ESDM servicing firm. . A US-based product engineering firm, Aricent, has acquired Bengaluru-based chip design services company SmartPlay US$180 million. . Altran Technologies SA, a French technology consulting multinational, has agreed to acquire SiConTech, a Bengaluru- based start-up that designs semiconductor chips. . In August 2013, AMD opened a new ESDM design centre in HITEC city, Hyderabad, in addition to its existing design centre in Bengaluru. . The world's largest processor intellectual property technology vendor ARM expanded its VLSI operations out of Bengaluru as it set up a new Design Centre at Noida, Uttar Pradesh for working on planar and FinFET CMOS technologies under its physical IP division. . Taiwan based Mobile phone chipmaker Mediatek opened a VLSI and embedded software design center at Techpark in Bangalore with a plan to invest $200 million to employ up to 500 engineers over the following few years for working on mobile communications, wireless connectivity & home entertainment segments.

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Investments on fabrication plants in India As of mid 2016, there are no operational commercial Semiconductor fabrication plantsin India. The Centre of Excellence in Nanoelectronics (CEN), at the Indian Institute of Technology – Bombay, has a lab-like fab facility collaborated between IIT Bombay and IISc Bangalore that offers research in design, fabrication and characterization of traditional CMOS Nano-electronic devices, Novel Material based devices (III-V Compound Semiconductor devices, Spintronics, Opto- electronics), Micro Electro-mechanical Systems (MEMS), NEMS, Bio-MEMS, polymer based devices and solar Photovoltaics to researchers across academia, industry and government laboratories, all over India. The center also offers support in device fabrication technologies using sophisticated equipment under the Indian Nano Users Program (INUP) and acts as a linchpin for developing innovative technologies that can be tweaked and commercialized for spurring the nano-industrial growth in India.

Semiconductor Manufacturing . Gujarat is expected to be home to India's first semiconductor wafer fabrication manufacturing facility by late 2017 in Prantij of Sabarkantha district. To be set up by anchor partner Hindustan Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (HSMC) and copartners STMicroelectronics N.V. (France/Italy) and Silterra (Malaysia), it will employ a workforce of over 25,000 including 4,000 direct employees. The group will establish two manufacturing units at an expense of over INR 29,000 crore or about US$4.5 billion, each capable of producing 20,000 wafers per month. Technology nodes currently proposed by this

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consortium are 90, 65 and 45 nm nodes in Phase I and 45, 28 and 22 nm nodes in Phase II. In March 2016, HSMC received ₹700 crore worth of seed investment for the project from Mumbai-based private equity fund Next Orbit Ventures (NOV). . Another consortium, led by Jaiprakash Associates in collaboration with IBM and Tower Semiconductor Ltd., proposed to build a wafer fab in Greater Noida near Yamuna Expressway in Uttar Pradesh at an expense of over INR 34,000 crore or about US$5 billion, capable of producing 40,000 300mm-diameter wafers per month in an advanced CMOS with 90, 65 and 45 nm CMOS nodes initially before gradually switching over to 28 nm and 22 nm CMOS nodes in later phases. As of April 2016, the fate of the project remains uncertain as the debt-ridden lead partner, JPA, exited the project, citing commercial infeasibility of the project. In February 2014, the union cabinet approved setting up of these fab proposals with decision to extend incentives as follows:

 25% subsidy on capital expenditure and tax reimbursement under M-SIPS Policy.

 Exemption of Basic Customs Duty (BCD) for non-covered capital items.

 200% deduction on expenditure on R&D under Section 35(2AB) of the Income Tax Act.

 Investment-linked deductions under Section 35AD of the IT Act.

 Interest free loan of around INR 5124 crore to each.

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. SunEdison and Adani Group have signed an MoU to build the largest vertically integrated solar photovoltaic fab facility in India with an investment of up to US$4 billion in Gujarat's Mundra, creating 4,500 direct jobs and more than 15,000 indirect jobs by integrating all aspects of solar panel production on site, including polysilicon refining and ingot, cell, and module production. . The U.S.-based company called Cricket Semiconductor has evinced interest in investing US$1 billion for building an analog integrated-circuit and power supply integrated-circuit specific semiconductor fab in Madhya Pradesh. Critics and detractors of the fab projects currently underway in India, in different conceptual phases, doubt the prospects of success of these capital-intensive projects, pointing to various reasons like marginal profitability due to overcapacity of output in a saturated and fiercely competed fab market, noncompetence of these particular fabs in terms of cost and performance related to the dimensions of CMOS nodes even in attracting domestic end-use industries which have access to the more sophisticated fabs outside the country, cost prohibitive maintenance and upgrades needed every few years to weather obsolescence, nonavailability of domestically procurable semiconductor-grade materials in absence of complementing ancillary manufacturing industries and other resource-intensive strings attached to such projects, including land acquisition requirements,necessity uninterrupted deionised water and power supplies, supply of critical gases such as nitrogen and argon, absence of skilled labour force and drain of an already inadequate number of experienced domestic talent pool in electronic engineering and R&D possessing expertise to overcome the barriers of related sensitive technologies for mass production towards other

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DIGITAL INDIA attractive sectors in absence of a major Indian player in the electronics sector, especially in a developing country like India, which is still grappling with infrastructural bottlenecks. However, the endorsers of the fab projects, such as AMD, which partnered with HSMC for the fab project in Gujarat, stress the strategic need of developing the fabs as part of an end-to-end electronics manufacturing base in India which imports billions of dollars worth of even lower-end semiconductor nodes of 90 nm and above each year. Relevant circles within India have been advocating for investment by the central government with a long term strategic vision in the revolutionising fields of Gallium Nitride (GaN) and Mercury Cadmium Telluride (HgCdTe) based non silica semiconductor foundry and fab because of their wide ranged use like High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) made from GaN in power electronics both for civilian and military applications which can switch at high speed and can handle high power and high temperature without needing any cooling and HgCdTe based high quality sensors for military space requirements. A foundry for producing GaN nano material proposed to be extended around the existing facility for producing gallium nitride transistors, at the IISc’s Centre for Nano Science and Engineering (CeNSE), Bangalore, at a cost of Rs. 3000 crore has received preliminary approval from the central government.

Startup India

Startup India is an initiative of the Government of India.

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Startup India

Country India

Prime Narendra Modi

Minister(s)

Ministry Ministry of Commerce and Industry (Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade)

Key people Suresh Prabhu

Launched 16 January 2016; 3 years ago Vigyan Bhavan, New Delhi

Status Active

Website startupindia.gov.in

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The campaign was first announced by Indian Prime Minister, Narendra Modi during his 15 August 2015 address from the Red Fort, in New Delhi. The action plan of this initiative, is based on the following three pillars: 1. Simplification and Handholding. 2. Funding Support and Incentives. 3. Industry-Academia Partnership and Incubation. An additional area of focused relating to this initiative, is to discard restrictive States Government policies within this domain, such as License Raj, Land Permissions, Foreign Investment Proposals, and Environmental Clearances. It was organized by The Department for promotion of industry and internal trade (DPI&IT). A startup defined as an entity that is headquartered in India, which was opened less than 10 years ago, and has an annual turnover less than ₹100 crore(US$14 million). Under this initiative, the government has already launched the I-MADE program, to help Indian entrepreneurs build 10 lakh (1 million) mobile app start- ups, and the MUDRA Bank's scheme (Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana), an initiative which aims to provide micro-finance, low- interest rate loans to entrepreneurs from low socioeconomic backgrounds. Initial capital of ₹20,000 crore(equivalent to ₹210 billion or US$3.0 billion in 2018) has been allocated for this scheme. Key points

. 10,000 crore startup funding pool.

. Reduction in patent registration fees.

. Improved Bankruptcy Code, to ensure a 90-day exit window.

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. Freedom from mystifying inspections for first 3 years of operation.

. Freedom from Capital Gain Tax for first 3 years of operation.

. Freedom from tax for first 3 years of operation.

. Self-certification compliance.

. Young Entrepreneur of The Year Satyam Kumar, Founder and CEO at Dataoxy

. Created an Innovation hub, under the Atal Innovation Mission.

. To target 5 lakh schools, and involve 10 lakh children in innovation related programmes.

. New schemes to provide IPR protection to startup firms.

. Encourage entrepreneurship within the country.

. Promote India across the world as a start-up hub.

. Built Startup Oasis as Rajasthan Incubation Center

Launch The event was inaugurated on 16 January 2016 by The Finance Minister of India Arun Jaitley. Among the attendees were CEOs, startup founders and venture capitalists. INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 79

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Government's role The Ministry of Human Resource Development and the Department of Science and Technology have agreed to partner in an initiative to set up over 75 such startup support hubs in the National Institutes of Technology (NITs), the Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs), the Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research(IISERs) and National Institutes of Pharmaceutical Education and Research(NIPERs). The Reserve Bank of India said it will take steps to help improve the ‘ease of doing business’ in the country and contribute to an ecosystem that is conducive for the growth of start-up businesses. Investments SoftBank, which is headquartered in Japan, has invested US$2 billion into Indian startups. The Japanese firm has pledged to investment US$10 billion. Google declared to launch a startup, based on the highest votes in which the top three startups will be allowed to join the next Google Launchpad Week, and the final winner could win an amount of US$100,000 in Google cloud crs. Oracleon 12 February 2016 announced that it will establish nine incubation centers in Bengaluru, Chennai, Gurgaon, Hyderabad, Mumbai, Noida, P une, Trivandrum and Vijayawada.

State rankings The result of first ever startup state ranking were announced in December 2018 by the Department of Industry and Internal Trade based on the criteria of policy, incubation hubs, seeding innovation, scaling innovation, regulatory change, procurement, communication, North-Eastern states, and hill states. INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 80

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. 2018 Startup State Ranking are as follows:  Best performer: Gujarat  Top performers: Karnataka, Kerala, Odisha, and Rajasthan  Leader: Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, and Telangana  Aspiring leaders: Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal  Emerging states: Assam, Delhi, Goa, Jammu & Kashmir, Maharashtra, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, and Uttarakhand  Beginners: Chandigarh, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Puduch erry, Sikkim, and Tripura

State initiatives Kerala has initiated a government startup policy called "Kerala IT Mission" which focuses on fetching ₹5,000 crore (equivalent to ₹54 billion or US$780 million in 2018) in investments for the state's startup ecosystem. It also founded India's first telecom incubator Startup village in 2012.The state also matches the funding raised by its incubator from Central government with 1:1. Telangana has launched the largest incubation centre in India as "T-Hub". Andhra Pradesh has allocated a 17,000-sq.ft. Technological Research and Innovation Park as a Research and Development

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DIGITAL INDIA laboratory. It has also created a fund called "Initial Innovation Fund" of ₹100 crore(US$14 million) for entrepreneurs. The government of Madhya Pradesh has collaborated with the Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) to create a fund of ₹200 crore (US$29 million). Rajasthanhas also launched a "Start-up Oasis" scheme. In order to promote start-ups in Odisha, the state government organised a two-day Start-up Conclave in Bhubaneswar on November 28, 2016. Higher education alliances As per the "Industry-Academia Partnership and Incubation" focus of the Startup India initiative, the Union Ministry of Human Resource Development has announced plans for the development of "Research Parks" to be created in partnership with higher education providers across India. An initial investment of Rs.100 crore, has been set aside for the program, which aims to provide students with access to funds and mentorship for startups. The Innovation in Mobile App Development Ecosystem (I- MADE) program was also rolled-out in February 2016. An initiative developed in partnership with The Department Of Telecommunications (Govt of India), Telecom Centres of Excellence (TCOE), EVC Ventures, and Unifyed, it aims to help Indian entrepreneurs create mobile app startups.[18] The program is scheduled to last for 5 years, and has collaborated with 11 Indian universities.

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Standup India Standup India was launched by Government of India on 5 April 2016 to support entrepreneurship among women and SC & ST communities.

Standup India

Country India

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Prime Narendra Modi

Minister(s) Launched 5 April 2016; 3 years ago

It is similar to but distinct from Startup India. Both are enabler and beneficiary of other key Government of India schemes, such as Make in India, Industrial corridor, Dedicated Freight Corridor, Sagarmala, Bharatmala, UDAN-RCS, Digital India, BharatNet and UMANG

INTRODUCTION

 VISION AND VISION AREAS  APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY  MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE  PROGRAMME MANAGEMENT

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 PROGRAMME PILLARS

The Digital India programme is a flagship programme of the Government of India with a vision to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. E-governance initiatives in India took a broader dimension in the mid 1990s for wider sectoral applications with emphasis on citizen-centric services. The major ICT initiatives of the Government included, inter alia, some major projects such as railway computerization, land record computerization, etc. which focused mainly on the development of information systems. Later on, many states started ambitious individual e-governance projects aimed at providing electronic services to citizens. Though these e-governance projects were citizen-centric, they could make less than the desired impact due to their limited features. The isolated and less interactive systems revealed major gaps that were thwarting the successful adoption of e-governance along the entire spectrum of governance. They clearly pointed towards the need for a more comprehensive planning and implementation for the infrastructure required to be put in place, interoperability issues to be addressed, etc. to establish a more connected government.

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e-Kranti : National e-Governance Plan 2.0 The national level e-Governance programme called National e- Governance Plan was initiaited in 2006. There were 31 Mission Mode Projects under National e-Governance Plan covering a wide range of domains, viz. agriculture, land records, health, education, passports, police, courts, municipalities, commercial taxes, treasuries etc. 24 Mission Mode Projects have been implemented and started delivering either full or partial range of envisaged services. Considering the shortcomings in National e-Governance Plan that included lack of integration amongst Government applications and databases, low degree of government process reengineering, scope for leveraging emerging technologies like mobile, cloud…etc, Government of India has approved the e-Kranti programme recently with the vision of “Transforming e- Governance for Transforming Governance”.

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All new and on-going eGovernance projects as well as the existing projects, which are being revamped, should now follow the key principles of e-Kranti namely ‘Transformation and not Translation’, ‘Integrated Services and not Individual Services’, ‘Government Process Reengineering (GPR) to be mandatory in every MMP’, ‘ICT Infrastructure on Demand’, ‘Cloud by Default’, ‘Mobile First’, ‘Fast Tracking Approvals’, ‘Mandating Standards and Protocols’, ‘Language Localization’, ‘National GIS (Geo-Spatial Information System)’, ‘Security and Electronic Data Preservation’. The portfolio of Mission Mode Projects has increased from 31 to 44 MMPs. Many new social sector projects namely Women and Child Development, Social Benefits, Financial Inclusion, Urban Governance, eBhasha…etc have been added as new MMPs under e-Kranti.

Vision of Digital India The vision of Digital India programme is to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.

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Vision Areas of Digital India The Digital India programme is centred on three key vision areas:

 Digital Infrastructure as a Core Utility to Every Citizen  Governance and Services on Demand  Digital Empowerment of Citizens

Digital Infrastructure as a Utility to Every Citizen

 Availability of high speed internet as a core utility for delivery of services to citizens  Cradle to grave digital identity that is unique, lifelong, online and authenticable to every citizen  Mobile phone & bank account enabling citizen participation in digital & financial space  Easy access to a Common Service Centre  Shareable private space on a public cloud  Safe and secure cyber-space Governance & Services on Demand

 Seamlessly integrated services across departments or jurisdictions  Availability of services in real time from online & mobile platforms  All citizen entitlements to be portable and available on the cloud  Digitally transformed services for improving ease of doing business  Making financial transactions electronic & cashless  Leveraging Geospatial Information Systems (GIS) for decision support systems & development INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 88

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Digital Empowerment of Citizens

 Universal digital literacy  Universally accessible digital resources  Availability of digital resources / services in Indian languages  Collaborative digital platforms for participative governance  Citizens not required to physically submit Govt. documents / certificates Approach and Methodology for Digital India Programme are: i. Ministries / Departments / States would fully leverage the Common and Support ICT Infrastructure established by GoI. DeitY would also evolve/ lay down standards and policy guidelines, provide technical and handholding support, undertake capacity building, R&D, etc. ii. The existing/ ongoing e-Governance initiatives would be suitably revamped to align them with the principles of Digital India. Scope enhancement, Process Reengineering, use of integrated & interoperable systems and deployment of emerging technologies like cloud & mobile would be undertaken to enhance the delivery of Government services to citizens. iii. States would be given flexibility to identify for inclusion additional state-specific projects, which are relevant for their socio-economic needs. iv. e-Governance would be promoted through a centralised initiative to the extent necessary, to ensure citizen centric service orientation, interoperability of various e-Governance applications and optimal utilisation of ICT infrastructure/ resources, while adopting a decentralised implementation model. INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 89

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v. Successes would be identified and their replication promoted proactively with the required productization and customisation wherever needed. vi. Public Private Partnerships would be preferred wherever feasible to implement e-Governance projects with adequate management and strategic control. vii. Adoption of Unique ID would be promoted to facilitate identification, authentication and delivery of benefits. viii. Restructuring of NIC would be undertaken to strengthen the IT support to all government departments at Centre and State levels. ix. The positions of Chief Information Officers (CIO) would be created in at least 10 key Ministries so that various e- Governance projects could be designed, developed and implemented faster. CIO positions will be at Additional Secretary/Joint Secretary level with over-riding powers on IT in the respective Ministry.

Programme Management Structure for Digital India Programme

The Programme management structure for the Digital India prorgamme as endorsed by the Union Cabinet is as follow:

1. For effective management of the Digital India programme, the programme management structure would consists of a

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Monitoring Committee on Digital India headed by the Prime Minister, a Digital India Advisory Group chaired by the Minister of Communications and IT and an Apex Committee chaired by the Cabinet Secretary. The structure has the needed secretarial/ monitoring/ technical support and appropriate decentralization of power and responsibility to ensure effective execution of the various projects/ components by the implementing departments/ teams. 2. Key components of the Programme Management structure would be as follows: a. Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs(CCEA) for programme level policy decisions. b. A Monitoring Committee on Digital India under the Chairpersonship of Prime Ministerwhich will be constituted with representation drawn from relevant Ministries/ Departments to provide leadership, prescribe deliverables and milestones, and monitor periodically the implementation of the Digital India Programme. c. A Digital India Advisory Group headed by the Minister of Communications and IT to solicit views of external stakeholders and to provide inputs to the Monitoring Committee on Digital India, advise the Government on policy issues and strategic interventions necessary for accelerating the implementation of the Digital India Programme across Central and State Government Ministries/Departments. The composition of the Advisory Group would include representation from the Planning Commission and 8 to 9 representatives from States/UTs and other Line Ministries/Departments on a rotational basis.

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d. An Apex Committee headed by the Cabinet Secretary would be overseeing the programme and providing policy and strategic directions for its implementation and resolving inter-ministerial issues. In addition it would harmonize and integrate diverse initiatives and aspects related to integration of services, end to end process re- engineering and service levels of MMPs and other initiatives under the Digital India Programme, wherever required. e. Expenditure Finance Committee (EFC)/Committee on Non Plan Expenditure (CNE) to financially appraise/ approve projects as per existing delegation of financial powers. The EFC/ CNE headed by Secretary Expenditure would also be recommending to the CCEA the manner in which MMPs/ eGovernance initiatives are to be implemented, as well as the financial terms of participation for States. A representative of the Planning Commission would also be included in both the EFC and CNE. f. A Council of Mission Leaders on Digital Indiaheaded by Secretary, DeitY would be established as a platform to share the best practices in various existing and new eGov initiatives under Digital India and also to sensitize various government departments about ICT projects of DeitY. While the inter-departmental, integration and interoperable issues of integrated projects / eGovernance initiatives would be resolved by the Apex Committee on Digital India headed by Cabinet Secretary, the technical issues of integrated projects would be resolved by the Council of Mission Leaders. g. Further, considering the scope of the Digital India Programme and the need to look at issues such as overall

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technology architecture, framework, standards, security policy, funding strategy, service delivery mechanism, sharing of common infrastructure etc. at a programme level, it is proposed that the technical appraisal of all Digital India projects be done by DeitY, prior to a project being placed before the EFC/ CNE. This appraisal would cover issues relating to inclusion of adoption of Standards, utilization of Cloud and mobile platforms, consideration of security aspects, etc. The Secretary, DeitY or his representative may also be included as a standing special invitee to all EFC/CNE meetings, which are appraising/approving MMPs. It may be mentioned that the DeitY has already set up a Programme Management Unit, namely National eGovernance Division (NeGD) to provide support to departments in conceptualizing, developing, appraising, implementing and monitoring respective MMPs / eGovernance Initiatives. h. Institutional mechanism of Digital India at State level would be headed by State Committee on Digital India by the Chief Minister. State/UT Apex Committees on Digital India headed by Chief Secretaries would be constituted at State/UT level to allocate required resources, set priority amongst projects and resolve inter- departmental issues at State level. 3. For effective monitoring of Digital India, usage of Project Management Information System would be mandatory in each new and existing Mission Mode Projects to capture the real or near real time details about the progress of the project. This tool should be proficient enough to capture the parameters for each stage of project namely, conceptualization and development, implementation and post implementation. The INNOVATIVE SKILLS AND KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT 93

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parameters could be decided in consultation with various line Ministries / Departments and DeitY. 4. Since the “e-Kranti: National eGovernance Plan 2.0” is already integrated with Digital India Programme, the existing programme management structure established for National eGovernance Plan at both national and state level has also been decided to be integrated appropriately with the programme management structure being envisaged for Digital India Programme at national and State/UT level.

Institutional Mechanism at National Level

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Current status The Apex Committee on the Digital India programme headed by the Cabinet Secretary and the Digital India Advisory Group chaired by the Minister of Communications and Information Techology has been constituted.

The first meeting of the Apex Committee on the Digital India programme was held on 26.11.2014. The second meeting of the Apex Committee on the Digital India programme was held on 09.02.2015. The actions on decisons made by the Apex Committee are being worked out.

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Programme Management Structure for Digital India Programme The programme management structure for Digital India consists of a Monitoring Committee on Digital India headed by the Prime Minister, a Digital India Advisory Group chaired by the Minister of Communications & IT and an Apex Committee chaired by the Cabinet Secretary. Institutional Mechanism at National Level

The central ministries/departments and state governments concerned would have the overall responsibility for implementation of various Mission Mode and other projects under the Digital India Programme. Read further details about the programme management structure including the role and responsibilities.

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Programme Management Team at Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)

Ministry / Name Departme Telephone nt

Shri Ajay Prakash Sawhney Ministry +91-11- Secretary of 24364041(Offi e-mail: Electronic ce) secretary[at]meity[dot]gov[dot]in s and +91-11- Informatio 24363134(Fax n ) Technolog y

Shri Pankaj Kumar Ministry o +91-11- Additional Secretary f 24363114(Offi e-mail: Electronic ce) as[at]meity[dot]gov[dot]in s and Informatio n Technolog y

Ms Anuradha Mitra Ministry o +91-11- Additional Secretary and f 24363097(Offi Financial Adviser Electronic ce)

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Programme Management Team at Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY)

Ministry / Name Departme Telephone nt

e-mail: s and faoffice.deity[at]nic[dot]in Informatio n Technolog y

Shri Rajiv Kumar Ministry o +91-11- Joint Secretary, f 24363078(Offi e- Electronic ce) mail: rajiv.kmr[at]meity[dot]gov[ s and +91-11- dot]in Informatio 24363101 n (Fax) Technolog y

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Programme Management Team at National e-Governance Division (NeGD)

Ministry / Name Departme Telephone nt

Shri M. S. Rao, IAS National e- +91-11- President & CEO(NeGD) Governanc 24301628(Offic email : e Division, e) ceo[at]digitalindia[dot]gov[dot MeitY ]in

Shri Vinay Thakur National e- +91-11- Director Governanc 24301933(Offic email: vinay[at]gov.in e Division, e) ,MeitY

Mission Leaders/Nodal Officers

Ministry / Name Departmen Telephone t

Sh. Alok Saxena Department +91-11- DDG (PMU) of Posts 23096088(Off e-mail: ice)

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Mission Leaders/Nodal Officers

Ministry / Name Departmen Telephone t

aloksaxena02[at]gmail[dot]com, 011-23096044 ddgpmu2013[at]gmail[dot]com (Fax)

JS (IT) Department +91-11- e-mail: dir-dac[at]nic[dot]in of 23382385(Off Agriculture ice) & Co- operation

Sh. Avinash Joshi Department +91-11- Joint Secretary of 23383756(Off e-mail: Chemicals ice) avinashp[dot]joshi[at]nic[dot]in and +91-11- Petrochemic 23070104(Fax als )

Joint Secretary (PSP) & CPO Ministry of +91-11- e-mail: External 23387013, jscpo[at]mea[dot]gov[dot]in Affairs +91-11- 23384530(Off ice) +91-11-

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Mission Leaders/Nodal Officers

Ministry / Name Departmen Telephone t

23071370(Fax )

Shri Ranjan Kumar Department +91-11- Economic Advisor of Financial 23745128(Off e-mail: ea-dfs[at]nic[dot]in Services ice)

Joint Secretary (MHA) Department +91-11- e-mail: k[dot]alok[at]gov[dot]in, of Home 23438100(Off jscs[at]nic[dot]in ice)

Sh. Praveen Garg Department +91-11- Joint Secretary of School 23388632(Off e- Education ice) mail: praveen(dot)garg(at)nic(d & Literacy ot)in

Sh. M K Singh Ministry of +91-11- Joint Secretary (P&A) Information 23384453 e-mail: and (Office) singhmk2[at]ias[dot]nic[dot]in Broadcastin g

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Mission Leaders/Nodal Officers

Ministry / Name Departmen Telephone t

Sh. Prasanth Ku Ponugoti Department +91-11- Director of Justice 23072145 e-mail: (Fax) prasanth[dot]ponugoti[at]gov[d ot]in

Sh. Satish Kumar Ministry of +91-11- Joint Secretary (IT) Power 23716020(Off e-mail: ice) satish[at]arpg[dot]nic[dot]in

Dr. Sandeep Dave Ministry of +91-11- Joint Secretary Information 23062454 e-mail: jswm-dolr[at]nic[dot]in and (Office) Broadcastin g

Ms. Usha Sharma Ministry of +91-11- Addl Director General Tourism 23718663 e-mail:adg-tourism[at]nic[dot]in (Office)

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Mission Leaders/Nodal Officers

Ministry / Name Departmen Telephone t

Shri Onkar Kedia Department +91-11- Joint Secretary(Sports) of Youth 23381025, e- Affairs 9868949110 mail:onkar[dot]kediaq[at]nic[do (Office) t]in +91-11- 23388135 (Fax)

Sh. KVR Murty Ministry for +011- Joint Secretary Corporate 23389088, Affairs 23072313(Off ice)

Shri Udai Singh Kumawat Department 011- DGIT(Systems) & CPO of Revenue 23094595(Off e-mail: jsrev[at]nic[dot]in ice)

Passports Ministry for 011- e-mail: External 23384497(Off jscpo[at]mea[dot]gov[dot]in Affairs ice) 011-

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Mission Leaders/Nodal Officers

Ministry / Name Departmen Telephone t

23782821(Fax )

Joint Secretary (Banking) Department 011- of Financial 23745128(Off Services ice) 011- 23745151(Fax )

Sh. Devendra Chaudhry Department +011- Addl. Secretary (ARC) of 23741004(Off e-mail: dch-darpg[at]nic[dot]in Administrat ice) ive Reforms 011- and Public 23360352(Fax Grievances )

Joint Secretary (Insurance Department +011- Projects) of Financial 23748701 e-mail: jsfi-dfs[at]nic[dot]in Services (Office) 011-23367702 (Fax)

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Mission Leaders/Nodal Officers

Ministry / Name Departmen Telephone t

Ms. Vandana Sharma Department 011-24625540 Joint Secretary (Pensions) of Pension (Office) e-mail: & 011-24624802 vandana[dot]sa[at]nic[dot]in Pensioner's (Fax) Welfare

Sh. V Vumlunmang Ministry of 011-23438034 Joint Secretary (Foreigners) Home (Office) e-mail: jsf[at]nic[dot]in Affairs 011-23383075 (Fax)

Sh. D.P. Dash Department 011-26877959 ADG(System & Data of Revenue (Office) Management) 011-26877958 e-mail: (Fax) debi[dot]dash[at]icegate[dot]go v[dot]in

D.G & Mission Director UIDAI +011- e- 23752675, mail:dg[at]uidai[dot]gov[dot]in 011-23466835 (Office)

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Mission Leaders/Nodal Officers

Ministry / Name Departmen Telephone t

011-23752675 (Fax)

Joint Secretary (J1) Department 011-23385020 e-mail:atulkaushik[at]nic[dot]in of Justice (Office) 011-23384516 (Fax)

Joint Secretary Department 011- e-mail: jsii-dipp[at]nic[dot]in of Industrial 23063838(Off Policy and ice) Promotion 011- 23063051(Fax )

Director Department 011- e-mail: of 24301716(Off pravin.chandekar[at]gov[dot]in Electronics ice) & Information Technology (MeitY)

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Mission Leaders/Nodal Officers

Ministry / Name Departmen Telephone t

Addl[dot] Director Department 011- e-mail: kbhatia[at]gov[dot]in of 24301999(Off Electronics ice) & 011- Information 24363132(Fax Technology ) (MeitY)

Joint Secy Department 011-23063315 e-mail: of (Office) ravi[dot]capoor[at]nic[dot]in Commerce

Sh. H S Meena Department 011-23044634 Joint Secy of Land (direct) e-mail: Resources 011-23062351 hukummeena65[at]gmail[dot]co (Fax) m

Joint Secretary (Transport) Ministry of 011-23351061 e-mail: Road (Office) sanjay[dot]bando[at]nic[dot]in Transport 011-23753804 (Fax)

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Mission Leaders/Nodal Officers

Ministry / Name Departmen Telephone t

and Highways

Joint Secy. Ministry for 011-23382454 e-mail: Agriculture (Office) gupta[dot]sanjeev[at]nic[dot]in 011-23388656 (Fax)

Joint Secy. (C.S) Ministry of 9999048418 e-mail: jscs[at]nic[dot]in Home (Office) Affairs 011-23093410 (Fax)

Joint Director Department 011-23095691 e-mail: of (Office) Expenditure 011-23752675 (Fax)

DDG(E) Ministry of 011-23350896 e-mail: Labour and (direct) Employmen 011-23350896 t (Fax)

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Mission Leaders/Nodal Officers

Ministry / Name Departmen Telephone t

Joint Secy. Department 011-23094595 e-mail: jsrev[at]nic[dot]in of Revenue (Office) 011-23094595 (Fax)

Joint Secy. Ministry of 011-23753818 e-mail: js[dot]epri- Panchayati (Office) mopr[at]nic[dot]in Raj 011-23356128 (Fax)

Joint Secy. Department 011-23384308 e-mail: of Food and (Office) jspd[dot]fpd[at]nic[dot]in Public 011-23070239 Distribution (Fax)

Joint Secy. (MoH&FW) Department 011- e-mail: of Health & 23063687, nbdhal[at]gmail[dot]com Family 23061706 Welfare (Office) 011-23063687 (Fax)

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Make In India: THE VISION, NEW PROCESSES, SECTORS, INFRASTRUCTURE AND MINDSET 2 years agoPrime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Make in India initiative with the primary goal of encouraging multinational and domestic companies to manufacture their products in India.

 FDI

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 Manufacturing  New Processes Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Make in India initiative on September 25, 2014, with the primary goal of making India a global manufacturing hub, by encouraging both multinational as well as domestic companies to manufacture their products within the country. Led by the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion, the initiative aims to raise the contribution of the manufacturing sector to 25% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by the year 2025 from its current 16%. Make in India has introduced multiple new initiatives, promoting foreign direct investment, implementing intellectual property rights and developing the manufacturing sector. It targets 25 sectors of the economy which range from automobile to Information Technology (IT) & Business Process Management (BPM), the details of each can be viewed on the official site (www.makeinindia.com). It also seeks to facilitate job creation, foster innovation, enhance skill development and protect intellectual property. The logo of ‘Make in India’ – a lion made of gear wheels – itself reflects the integral role of manufacturing in government’s vision and national development. The initiative is built on four pillars which are as follows: 1. New Processes: The government is introducing several reforms to create possibilities for getting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and foster business partnerships. Some initiatives have already been undertaken to alleviate the business environment from outdated policies and regulations. This reform is also aligned with

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parameters of World Bank's 'Ease of Doing Business' index to improve India's ranking on it. 2. New Infrastructure: Infrastructure is integral to the growth of any industry. The government intends to develop industrial corridors and build smart cities with state-of-the-art technology and high-speed communication. Innovation and research activities are supported by a fast-paced registration system and improved infrastructure for Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) registrations. Along with the development of infrastructure, the training for the skilled workforce for the sectors is also being addressed. 3. New Sectors: ‘Make in India’ has identified 25 sectors to promote with the detailed information being shared through an interactive web-portal.1 The Government has allowed 100% FDI in Railway2and removed restrictions in Construction.3 It has also recently increased the cap of FDI to 100% in Defense and Pharmaceutical.4 4. New Mindset: Government in India has always been seen as a regulator and not a facilitator. This initiative intends to change this by bringing a paradigm shift in the way Government interacts with various industries. It will focus on acting as a partner in the economic development of the country alongside the corporate sector. Since the launch of Make in India in September 2014, FDI inflows of USD 77 billion including a equity inflows of USD 56 billion has been received for the period October 2014 to March 2016. This represents about a 44% increase in FDI Equity inflows over the same corresponding period. ‘Zero defect zero effect’ is a key phrase which has come to be associated with the Make in India campaign. In the words of

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Prime Minister Narendra Modi, “Let’s think about making our product which has 'zero defect'… and 'zero effect' so that the manufacturing does not have an adverse effect on our environment".5 Thus, sustainable development in the country is being made possible by imposing high-quality manufacturing standards while minimising environmental and ecological impact. Within the short span of time, there are many instances of the initiative’s success. In December 2015, Micromax announced that it would put up three new manufacturing units in Rajasthan, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. Japan announced it would set up a USD 12 billion fund for Make in India-related projects, called the “Japan-India Make-in-India Special Finance Facility” after the Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s visit to the country. Huawei opened a new Research and Development (R&D) campus in Bengaluru and is in the process of setting up a telecom hardware manufacturing plant in Chennai. France-based LH Aviation signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with OIS Advanced Technologies to set up a manufacturing facility in India for producing drones. Foxconn announced it would invest USD 5 billion over five years for R&D and creating a hi-tech semiconductor manufacturing facility in Maharashtra. Samsung said it would manufacture the Samsung Z1 in its plant in Noida while General Motors declared that it would invest USD 1 billion to begin producing automobiles in the capital state.6And this is only the tip of the iceberg as there are many more proposals in the pipeline. “Come make in India. Sell anywhere, [but] make in India.” Prime Minister Narendra Modi said while introducing his vision to the public. And it seems that the world is more than ready to embrace this vision, which is already set on a path to become a reality.

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Paragraph on Digital India Digital India is a program to empower the country digitally by delivering government services online and improving online infrastructure by increasing internet connectivity with high speed internet networks in all parts of the country. You will find below a number of short and long paragraphs on Digital India. We hope these Digital India paragraphs will help students in completing their school assignments. These will also help children to write and read out paragraphs with simple words and small sentences. Students can select any paragraph on Digital India according to their particular requirement. Long and Short Paragraphs on Digital India in English Digital India Paragraph 1 (100 Words) Digital India is a campaign launched to make available government services digitally by developing online infrastructure and improving internet connectivity. The technologies which include internet and mobile apps have emerged as channel for speedy economic growth and citizen empowerment. The Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi launched the campaign on 1st July 2015. It includes plans to widen the high speed internet connectivity networks to rural areas of the country. It aims mostly at development of digital infrastructure, providing government services digitally and universal digital literacy. The purpose of Digital India is growth in digital services, electronic manufacturing, and job opportunities. Hence, as the title suggests it is all about growth of Digitalization in India.

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