Government Schemes

Home , Agriculture MMP, Antyodaya Anna Yojana, Auxiliary nurse midwife, Bharatmala, Bharat Nirman, Brahma Sarovar

GOVERNMENT SCHEMES

RECOMMENDED BY THE TOPPERS

------

INDEX

MINISTRY OF FINANCE

NATIONAL INVESTMENT FUND 1. Government created National Investment Fund in 2005 for the proceeds from Central Public Sector Enterprise. 2. It is a ‘Public account’ under government accounts. 3. Selected Public Sector Mutual Funds, namely UTI Asset Management Company Ltd., SBI Funds Management Private Ltd. and LIC Mutual Fund Asset Management Company Ltd. are entrusted with the management of the NIF corpus. 4. 75% of the annual income of the NIF was to be used for financing selected social sector schemes which promote education, health and employment. The residual 25% of the annual income of NIF was to be used to meet the capital investment requirements of profitable and revivable PSUs. 5. Proceeds from NIF can also be utilised in: • Recapitalization of public sector banks and public sector insurance companies • Investment by Government in RRBs/IIFCL/NABARD/Exim Bank • Equity infusion in various Metro projects. • Investment in Bhartiya Nabhikiya Vidyut Nigam Limited and Uranium Corporation of India Ltd • Investment in Indian Railways towards capital expenditure.

CENTRAL ROAD AND INFRASTRUCTURE FUND (CRIF) • The fund was initially part of Ministry of Road Transport and Highway which has now been moved to Finance Ministry under Department of Economic Affairs. • The Central Road and Infrastructure Fund (will be) for development and maintenance of National Highways, railway projects, improvement of safety in railways, State and rural roads and other infrastructure • This shift has been brought under Budget 2018 by amending Central Road Fund Act, 2000. • The amendment prescribes that road cess is first credited to the Consolidated Fund of India and later, after adjusting for the cost of tax collection, should go to the CRIF. • Most of the road projects under the NHDP as well as the PMGSDY are coming to the final stage. The remaining portion of the National Highway Development Programme (NHDP) has been merged into the new road-development programme (83,000 km including Bharatmala- Phase-I) and a significant portion of the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) set to be concluded by 2019. In this context, the use of road cess to wider infrastructure areas is desirable.

VIDYA LAKSHMI PORTAL

 To ensure that students can avail loans easily through single window system of banks for education loans. Banks follow Indian Banks' Association guidelines which stipulates that education loan applications have to be disposed off, in the normal course, within a period of 15 to 30 days.  The Portal has been developed and is maintained by NSDL e-Governance under the guidance of Department of Financial Services, Ministry of Finance, Department of Higher Education, MHRD and Indian Banks' Association

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana  It is a flagship financial inclusion scheme launched in 2014 for 4 years and was later approved to continue beyond.  The scheme facilitates the opening of bank accounts with zero balance for every household to ensure access to financial services in an affordable manner.  There are some special benefits like free accident insurance cover, over draft facility for the account holders.  The 1st phase of the scheme focused on opening basic bank accounts and RuPay debit card with inbuilt accident insurance cover of Rs 1 lakh.  The 2nd phase (2015-2018) planned to provide micro-insurance to the people and pension schemes to unorganized sector workers through Business Correspondents.  Provide the facility of opening zero balance account from every household to every adult.  The overdraft facility has also been increased to Rs.10,000 with no conditions attached to avail upto Rs.2000.  The free accident insurance cover for new RuPay card holders has been doubled to Rs 2 lakh.  Also, the upper age limit for availing the overdraft facility has been hiked to 65 from the earlier 60 years.

Aam Admi Bima Yojana  AABY is a Social Security Scheme administered through LIC.  It provides Death and Disability cover to persons between the age group of 18 yrs to 59 yrs.  It is a group insurance scheme providing insurance cover for a sum of Rs 30,000/- on natural death, Rs. 75,000/- on death or total permanent disability due to accident, Rs. 37,500/- for partial permanent disability due to accident.  The total annual premium under the scheme is Rs. 200/- per beneficiary, of which 50% is contributed from the Social Security Fund created by the Central Government and maintained by LIC. The balance is contributed by the State Government / Nodal Agency / Individuals.

Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana  Providing accidental insurance cover at a very affordable premium of Rs.12/year.  The coverage available will be Rs.2 lakh for accidental death or permanent total disability and Rs.1 lakh for permanent partial disability.  Available to people in the age group 18 to 70 years with a savings bank account who give their consent to join and enable auto-debit on an annual renewal basis.  It is offered by Public Sector General Insurance Companies or any other General Insurance Company who are willing to offer the product on similar terms.  Individuals can exit and re-join the scheme subjecting to conditions.  It serves the goal of financial inclusion by achieving penetration of insurance down to the weaker sections of the society.

Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana . It offers coverage for death due to any reason and is available to people in the age group of 18 to 50 years (life cover up to age 55) having a savings bank account who gives their consent to join and enable auto-debit. . A life cover of Rs. 2 lakhs is available for a one year period at a premium of Rs.330/- per annum per member and is renewable every year. . It is administered through LIC and other Indian private Life Insurance companies. 15

. A person can join PMJJBY with one Insurance company with one bank account only. . Eligible persons can join the scheme without giving self-certification of good health. . A death certificate and simple claim form is required to submit and the claim amount will be transferred to the nominee‘s account.

Atal Pension Yojana  The coverage under the then existing Swavalamban Scheme was inadequate due to non-clarity of benefits at the age of 60 years.  To address this concern, the Government announced a new initiative called Atal Pension Yojana (APY) in the Budget for 2015-16.  With this introduction, the enrolment under Swavalamban has been closed and the eligible subscribers were automatically migrated to the APY unless they opt out.  The subscribers would receive the fixed pension ranging from Rs. 1000 - Rs. 5000 per month, at the age of 60 years, depending on their contributions.  It focuses on all citizens in the unorganised sector, who join the National Pension System (NPS) administered by the Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA).  It is open to all bank account holders who are not members of any statutory social security scheme.  It mainly targets on unorganised sector workers.  The age of joining APY is 18 years to 40 years. Therefore, minimum period of contribution by the subscriber under APY would be 20 years or more.  The Central Government would also co-contribute 50% of the subscriber‘s contribution or Rs. 1000 per annum, whichever is lower for a period of 5 years upto 2020.  The same pension would be paid to the spouse of the subscriber and on the demise of both the subscriber and spouse, the accumulated pension wealth is returned to the nominee.  The scheme follows the same investment pattern as applicable to the NPS contribution of Central Govt employees.  APY can be opened through banks, Postal department and also through eNPS platform.

National Pension Scheme  It is a pension cum investment scheme launched to provide old age security to citizens.  Any individual citizen of India (both resident and Non-resident) in the age group of 18-65 years can join NPS.  The scheme is regulated by Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority (PFRDA).  The different sectors covered under the scheme are classified in to 2 categories.  T Sector Beneficiaries h e Government Sector Central Government/Central Autonomous Bodies Employees (except for armed e forces) m p State Government/State Autonomous Bodies Employees. l Private Sector Corporates (adopting NPS architecture) o y All Citizens of India e e of the various sectors contributes towards pension from monthly salary along with matching contribution from the employer (central government/state govt/corporate). 16

 After retirement or exit from the scheme, the corpus is made available with the mandate that some portion of the corpus must be invested into annuity to provide a monthly pension post retirement or exit from the scheme.  Recent Developments–PFRDA has now permitted Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) to enrol in NPS at par with Non-Resident Indians.  Now, any Indian citizen, resident or non-resident and OCIs are eligible to join NPS till the age of 65 years.

Varishtha Pension Bima Yojana • It is a pension scheme for the benefit of citizens aged 60 years and above. • Under the Scheme the subscribers on payment of a lump sum amount get pension at a guaranteed rate of 9% per annum (payable monthly). • Any gap in the guaranteed return over the return generated by the LIC on the fund is compensated by Government of India by way of subsidy payment in the scheme. • The scheme allows withdrawals of deposit amount by the annuitant after 15 years of purchase of the policy. • The scheme is administered through LIC.

Pradhan Mantri Vaya Vandana Yojana  It is a pension scheme announced exclusively for the senior citizens aged 60 years or above.  The investment limit is Rs.15 lakh/senior citizen and provides an assured return of 8% p.a. for 10 years.  It is exempted from Service Tax/ GST and LIC is the implementing agency.  The ceiling of maximum pension is for a family as a whole; the family will comprise of pensioner, his/her spouse and dependants.  Premature withdrawal from the scheme is possible in case the money is required for the treatment of terminal or critical illness of the person or spouse.  The shortfall owing to the difference between the interest guaranteed and the actual interest earned shall be subsidized by the Government of India and reimbursed to the Corporation.

Swabhimaan  It is a campaign that aims to bring banking services to large rural areas.  This campaign is to be operated by the Ministry of Finance and the Indian Banks' Association (IBA) to bring banking within the reach of the masses of the Indian population.

Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana  The programme was launched to give access to cheap credit to poor and small fledgling businesspersons with the objective to provide self-employment.  It is a scheme to extend collateral free loans by Banks, NBFCs and MFIs to Small/Micro business enterprises and individuals in the non-agricultural sector to enable their business activities and to generate self-employment.  For implementing the Scheme, government has set up a new institution named, Micro Units Development & Refinance Agency Ltd (MUDRA).  It acts as a regulator for the micro finance sector looks after development and refinancing activities relating to micro units.  It provides refinance to all banks and Last Mile Financiers seeking refinancing of small business loans given under PMMY.  The scheme services whose credit needs are below Rs.10 lakh.  Loans can be availed under three categories 17

i. Shishu for loans up to Rs.50,000; ii. Kishor for loans above Rs. 50,000 and up to Rs.5 lakh; iii. Tarun for loans above Rs.5 lakh and up to Rs.10 lakh.  Mudra debit cards are issued to borrowers. Using these, they can withdraw the loan from any ATM in India, as and when they need the money.  Last Mile Financiers Non-Banking Finance Companies engaged in financing of small business, Societies, Trusts, Section 8 Companies [formerly section 25], Co-operative Societies, Small Banks, Scheduled Commercial Banks and Regional Rural Banks.

Stand up India Scheme  It is to promote entrepreneurship among Scheduled Caste/Schedule Tribe and Women.  The scheme provides for composite loans by banks between Rs. 10 lakh and upto Rs. 100 lakh for setting up a new enterprise in the non-farm sector.  These loans would be eligible for refinance and credit guarantee cover.

Gold Monetisation Scheme  It is a gold savings account which will earn interest for the gold that you deposit in it.  Deposited gold can be in any physical form – jewellery, coins or bars.  The tenure of gold deposits is likely to be for a minimum of one year.  The long-term objective is to reduce the country's reliance on the import of gold to meet domestic demand.  The scheme will also help in mobilizing the large amount of gold lying as an idle asset with households.

Sovereign Gold Bond Scheme  Sovereign Gold Bonds (SGBs) are government securities denominated in grams of gold to be issued by RBI.  They will be restricted for sale to resident Indian entities including individuals, HUFs, Trusts, Universities and Charitable Institutions.  They will be denominated in multiples of gram(s) of gold with a basic unit of 1 gram with maximum investment of 4 kg (from 500g) for individuals and Hindu Undivided Family (HUF) and 20 kg for Trusts, with minimum being 1g.  The interest rate is fixed at the rate of 2.50% p.a with tenor period of 8 years with exit option from 5th year.  The interest on Gold Bonds shall be taxable.  Only the capital gains tax arising to an individual on redemption of SGB has been exempted.  Bonds can be used as collateral for loans and are eligible for Statutory Liquidity Ratio purposes in Banks.  They are tradable on stock exchanges.  The redemption price will be in INR based on previous week‘s simple average of closing price of gold.

Project Shaksham  The project is for creation of a New Indirect Tax Network (System Integration) of the Central Board of Excise and Customs.  The project will help in 1. Implementation of Goods and Services Tax (GST), 2. Extension of the Indian Customs Single Window Interface for Facilitating Trade (SWIFT) and 3. Other taxpayer-friendly initiatives under Digital India and Ease of Doing Business of Central Board of Excise and Customs. 18

 It is to ensure readiness of CBEC's IT systems by April, 1, 2017, when GST is to be introduced.

Tejaswini  It is the scheme for the socio-economic empowerment of Adolescent Girls and Young women.  It seeks to empower the adolescent girls with basic life skills and thereafter provide further opportunities to acquire market driven skill training or completion of secondary education.  It has 3 main components – o Expanding social, educational and economic opportunities o Improve livelihood opportunities by developing participants' skills o Strengthens women‗s participation in local governance.  Indian government has signed financing agreement with World Bank for funding of this scheme. Scheme Eligible Benefits Premium Age

Pradhan 18-70 Risk Coverage of Rs. 2 lakh for Rs.12/annum Mantri years accidental death and permanent total Suraksha Bima disability and Rs. 1 lakh for permanent Yojana partial disability. (PMJJBY)

Pradhan 18-50 A Life cover (Coverage for death) of Rs. 330/annum/member Mantri Jeevan years Rs.2 lakhs. (Renewable every year) Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)

Aam Admi 18-59 Death and Disability cover with Rs. 200/- per beneficiary of which Bima Yojana years varying amounts (Rs.30,000 – Rs. 50% is contributed by the Central (AABY) 75,000) Government.

Atal Pension 18-40 Fixed pension ranging from Rs. 1000 - Varying Premiums. Central Yojana (APY) years Rs. 5000 per month, at the age of 60 government co-contribute 50% of years, depending on their the subscriber‘s contribution or contributions. Rs.1000/annum, whichever is lower for a period of 5 years upto 2020.

National 18-65 Pension based on the contribution Based up on the salary of the Pension years from Employee and the employer subscriber. Scheme

Varishtha 60 years Assured Pension at the rate of 9% per Beneficiary can invest any amount. Pension Bima & above annum on the investment made. Yojana

Pradhan 60 years Assured return of 8% per annum for The investment limit is Rs.15 lakh Mantri Vaya & above 10 years on the investment made. per senior citizen. Vandana Yojana (PMVVY)

KCC to Fishermen and Cattle Owners . Union Budget 2018-19 has expanded the scope of Kisan Credit Card to fishermen and cattle owners. . Extending KCC is particularly relevant as the coverage of institutional credit delivery in these sectors is considerably lower compared to crop sector. . The scheme will benefit the credit-starved emerging entrepreneurs in the area of open sea and coastal cage farming.

Kisan Credit Card The scheme aims at providing adequate and timely credit support from the banking system under a single window with flexible.

1. It deploys simplified procedure to give credit to the farmers for their cultivation and other needs such as 2. To meet the short-term credit requirements for cultivation of crops; 3. Post-harvest expenses; 4. Produce marketing loan; 5. Consumption requirements of farmer household; 6. Working capital for maintenance of farm assets and activities allied to agriculture; 7. Investment credit requirement for agriculture and allied activities.  The KCC scheme also provides the facility of ATM enabled RuPay Card, one-time documentation, built-in cost escalation in the limit and any number of withdrawals within the limit.  The farmers eligible under the KCC scheme include small farmers, marginal farmers, share croppers, oral lessee and tenant farmers.  The Self-Help Groups (SHGs) or Joint Liability Groups (JLGs) are also eligible for availing benefits under the said scheme.

Swachh Bharat Kosh  It is been set up to attract Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) funds from Corporate Sector and contributions from individuals and philanthropists to achieve the objective of Clean India by the year 2019.

Google Tax . It is a tax on the income as accrue to a foreign e-commerce company outside of India. . Any person or entity that makes a payment exceeding Rs 1 lakh in a financial year to a non- resident technology company will need to withhold 6% tax on the gross amount being paid as an equalisation levy or Google tax. . This tax, however, is only applicable when the payment has been made to avail certain B2B services from these technology companies.

MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

OPERATION DIGITAL BOARD • Digital Boards will be introduced all over the country in government and government aided schools from class 9th onwards as well as in higher education institutions. • Aims at converting a class room into a digital class room, Availability of e-resources at any time and at any place to students. • Provisioning of personalised adaptive learning as well as Intelligent Tutoring by exploiting emerging technologies like Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics.

IMPLEMENTATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION • UGC will be implementing agency for ODB in Higher Educational Institutions. • Passed a resolution for extending digital education to every classroom in the country by 2022. • UGC proposed to take up 300 universities and about 10,000 colleges in the first phase covering 2 lakh classrooms. • Such Institutions with readiness to implement would be preferred. For this purpose, UGC will put in place a Portal for all the public funded HEIs to log-in and opt for the scheme giving details of this facility. • For the 2 lakh class rooms, the cost is estimated at Rs. 2000 crores. This can be implemented as a Central scheme, as a loan from HEFA.

IMPLEMENTATION IN SCHOOLS  Digital / SMART board will be provided in all Government and Government – aided schools having Secondary and Sr. Secondary classes.  Nearly 1.5 lakh Secondary / Sr. Secondary schools will be covered under the scheme in collaboration with the State and UTs.

REVAM MID-DAY MEAL SCHEME • Centrally Sponsored scheme which covers all school children studying in Classes I-VIII of Government and Government aided schools. • The average per meal cost borne by Central Government is Rs 6.64 and Rs. 9.59 for students of primary and upper primary classes, respectively.

REVISED GUIDELINES FOR THE SCHEME:

• Annual increase in cooking cost lined to inflation index • Revision of transportation rate to PDS rate • Revision of Management, Monitoring and Evaluation rate from 2% to 3% of the total admissible recurring Central Assistance. Enable states and UTs for better supervision and monitoring of the scheme. • Assistance for kitchen devices has been enhanced from flat rate of Rs 5000 per school to Rs 10000-25000 band based on enrolment. • New component of Rs 10000 per kitchen for repair of more than 10 year old kitchen has been introduced. • Rs 50 crore have been allocated for fortification of food items in a systematic manner. This will address the problems of anaemia and other micro nutrient deficiencies. Kitchen gardens in schools will also be encouraged.

• Delegation of power of implementing the scheme with minor modifications from the existing guidelines (i.e Central / State Govt.) to District Level Committee Chaired by the District Magistrate. This will facilitate better delivery of the scheme suitable to local needs. • Concept of community participation in the form of Tithi Bhojan will be encouraged under which people from the community celebrate important days such as child birth, marriage, birthdays etc. by contributing to the Mid-Day Meal Scheme. Tithi Bhojan is not a substitute to Mid-Day Meal but it supplements or compliments Mid-Day Meal. • Cooking competitions at Block, District and State levels will be organised to promote innovative menus. • Use of Pulses from buffer stock -The States and UTs may procure pulses as per their local taste for the Mid-Day Meal from the Central buffer stock created by the Government of India. • Monitoring of attendance - The Ministry of HRD has worked with States and UTs to implement a technology based (SMS, IVRS & Mobile App) Automated Monitoring System by which information on attendance at the Mid-Day Meal is collected every day from schools. At present, the level of daily uploading of data has reached 56% of all schools. • Usage of Jails, Temples, Gurudwaras etc, for Mid-Day Meal - All States and UTs are being advised to involve community and other agencies such as Jails, Temples, Gurudwaras etc. in the Mid-Day Meal Scheme.

MHRD INNOVATION CELL (MIC) • Established in the premises of AICTE with a purpose to systematically foster the culture of Innovation in all Higher Education Institutions across the country. • Encourage, inspire and nurture young scientists by exposing them to new ideas and processes resulting in innovative activities in their formative years fostered through Network of Innovation clubs in Higher Educational Institutions.

MAJOR PROGRAMS • Network of Innovation Clubs • Smart India Hackathon • Institution Innovation Councils • Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA) • National Innovation and Start up Policy for Students and Faculties

Benefits of joining innovations clubs (IC) 1. No major capital investment required, IC will make use of existing local ecosystem 2. Opportunity to participate in various Innovation related initiatives organised by MHRD 3. Win prizes/certificates every month

ATAL RANKING OF INSTITUTIONS ON INNOVATION ACHIEVEMENTS (ARIIA) • It aims to systematically rank education institutions and universities primarily on innovation related indicators. It uses indicators which are commonly used globally to rank most innovative educational institutions/universities in the world. • More than quantity, ARIIA will focus on quality of innovations and will try to measure the real impact created by these innovations nationally and internationally. • The Ranking will be done by MHRD's Innovation Cell placed inside AICTE.

INDICATORS USED INDICATORS WEIGHTAGE • Budget expenses and revenue generated 20 through Innovation and entreprenuership development Facilitating access to advance centres and entreprenuerial support system 10 Awareness Activities for Promoting Idea Generation and Innovation 20 Promotion and Supporting Entrepreneurship development 20 Intellectural Property Generation, Technology Transfer and Commercialisation 14 Development of Innovation Ecosystems Supported through Teaching and Learning 10 Best Innovative solutions developed inhouse for improving Governance of Institution 6= Total 100

CONSORTIUM FOR ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH ETHICS (CARE)

IMPLEMENTING by UGC • Good quality research journals in disciplines under Social Sciences, Humanities, Languages, Arts, Culture, Indian Knowledge Systems etc will be maintained by CARE and referred to as 'CARE Reference List of Quality Journals' (CARE List) • CARE List will be regularly updated and published by the UGC and the Members of the consortium at their respective websites. • CARE members include Statutory Councils, Academies, Government bodies in Social Sciences, Humanities, Arts and Fine Arts, Science, Medical, Agriculture, Engineering and the Association of Indian Universities.

UCG CELL FOR JOURNAL ANALYSIS • Savitribai Phule Pune University has been entrusted with the responsibility of journal analysis. UGC has established 'Cell for Journals Analysis' at SPPU, Pune. INFLIBNET Centre, Ahmedabad will serve as supporting agency. • UGC has identified four regional universities as CARE Universities: 1. Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi (Northern Region) 2. Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara (Western Region) 3. University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad (Southern Region) 4. Tezpur University, Assam (Eastern Region)

BHASHA SANGAM INITIATIVE (A CELEBRATION OF LINGUISTIC DIVERSITY)

• IMPLEMENTING by Department of School Education and Literacy, MHRD • It is an initiative under the Ek Bharat Shrestha Bharat that aims to make the students aware about the unique cultural, ethnic and linguistic diversity of our country. • Appreciation of the unique symphony of languages of our country from 20th November -21st December 2018. • Provides an opportunity to schools and educational institution to provide multilingual exposure to students in Indian Lanuages. • Familiarise every child with simple dialogues in all the 22 languages under Schedule VIII of the Constitution, taking up one language one each working day, to enhance linguistic tolerance and promote national integration. • Schools are introducing five simple and commonly used sentences as per their convenience without any additional load on school students.

NATIONAL ACADEMIC DEPOSITORY

• It is a 24×7 online store house of academic awards digitally lodged by various academic institutions/schools boards/eligibility assessment bodies. • UGC is the IMPLEMENTING AGENCY to operationalise NAD. • Academic Awards to be lodged on NAD cover degrees, diplomas, certificates, mark-sheets including awards issued for skill development.

PARINAM MANJUSHA • It has been introduced by CBSE. • It acts as: 1. Academic Repository 2. Facilitates online verification 3. Students can get digital documents such as marksheets, Pass certificates and Migration Certificates of CBSE examination through Digi Locker.

PANDIT MADAN MOHAN MALAVIYA NATIONAL MISSION ON TEACHERS AND TEACHING (PMMMNMTT) • Central Sector Scheme will All India coverage • 1 lakh qualified teachers for schools, general and technical education colleges and universities • Adequate representation of SC, ST, OBC, Minorities and Women • Sufficient base of teacher educators and promote excellence in faculty for academic leadership positions • Create around 87 new institutional structures (30 schools in education, 50 Centres of Excellence for Curriculum and Pedagogy, 5 Institutes of Academic Leadership and Education Management, 2 Inter University Centres for Teachers Education • Create subject based networks in different disciplines.

STRATEGIES • Programmatic and scheme based interventions: preservice and in-service training through existing and new institutional structures, new academic programs & courses, strengthening post-graduate and doctoral programs, pre-scheduling year-long training calenders, online training. • Project based activities: ICT based training, training of Mathematics, Science, Language, teacher for schools, Core science and engineering courses in technical education, general courses in social sciences, humanities and vocational courses.

STARS (SCHEME FOR TRANSFORMATIONAL AND ADVANCED RESEARCH IN SCIENCES

• Coordinated by IISc, Bangalore • Aims to accelerate inter-disciplinary and transformative research in the field of science by allowing educational institutions in the hinterland to collaborate with established research centres in science. • Aims at making available high end research funding in the field of science to researchers in small educational institutions.

UNNAT BHARAT ABHIYAN 2.0 (UBA)

• To bring about transformational change in rural development processes by leveraging knowledge institutions to help build the architecture of an Inclusive India. • Build an understanding of development agenda within institutes of Higher Education • Re-emphasise need for field work, stake holder interaction and design for societal objectives 24

• Rigorous reporting and useful outputs as central to developing new professions • Provide rural India and regional agencies with access to the professional resources of the institutes of higher education especially those that have acquired academic excellence in the field of science, engineering and technology and management • Improve development outcomes as a consequence of this research • 688 higher educational institutions have been selected under Challenge Mode (424 technical and 262 non-technical) which are reputed Higher Educational Insitutitons (Both Private as well as public) have adopted 3555 villages for their development through UBA. o Every institution adopts 5 villages o Use of knowledge for social, economic growth o Technical institutions design technical solutions for local issue o IIT Delhi has been designated as the National Coordinating Institute for this program. • Areas of Intervention: Two Major Domains 1. Human Development: Health; Education and Culture; Values and perception development; Skills and Entrepreneurship 2. Material (economic) development: Organic agriculture and cow based economy; Water management and conservation; Renewable energy sources; Artisans and rural industries; Development and harnessing of local natural resources; E-Support

STUDY IN INDIA PROGRAM • Students from 30 countries across South Asia, CIA and Middle East can apply for different courses from 160 select Institutions (both public and private) which are high on NAAC and NIRF rankings • It will improve the global ranking of Indian institutions

IMPRESS (IMPACTFUL POLICY RESEARCH IN SOCIAL SCIENCES)

• IMPLEMENTING by Indian Council for Social Science Research • Aims to encourage social science research in policy relevant areas so as to provide vital inputs in policy formulation, implementation and evaluation. • Addres the issue of bridging the gap between policy making, implementing and society by generating or encouraging vital inputs from researchers in social science disciplines. Inspire researchers in these domains to take up the task of assessment of policies and also that of coordination between policy makers, academics and society.

TEQIP (TECHNICAL EDUCATION QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM)

• Aims at improving the quality of engineering education in existing institutions with a special consideration for Low Income States and Special Category States • Only Government and Government aided AICTE approved Engineering Institutions and new centrally funded institutions in SCS will be part of the project. An estimated 200 Government and Government funded Engineering institutions including Affiliating Technical Universities (ATUs) will be selected. • FUNDED by 100% by Centre given as grants to States

TITHI BHOJAN

• Tithi Bhojan was first implemented in Gujarat, and was later incorporated by MoHRD in mid-day meal program. • It seeks to involve the members of the community in the effort to provide nutritious and healthy food to the children. 25

• The members of the community may contribute/sponsor either utensils or food on special occasions/festivals. This is completely voluntary, and the people in the community may contribute food items supplementary to the midday already being provided like sweet, namkeen or sprouts. Greater participation and involvement of religious and charitable institutions is also being promoted.

DIGITAL GENDER ATLAS FOR GIRL’S EDUCATION

• Gender Atlas for the country has been developed to highlight the issues, geographies and social background of girls that are still a concern and require urgent attention. • The Gender Atlas is based on existing data and highlights problem areas to serve as pointers for intervention priorities. • It is seen as a management tool that can focus on 'demand' and 'supply' side issues alike that impinge on girls' education.

UDAAN

• The project aims at addressing the lower enrolment of girls in engineering colleges. • It provides free online resources to girl students for preparation of engineering entrance examination. • Therefore, it is envisaged as the first step towards achieving this larger goal of addressing the quality gap between school educations and engineering entrance, by addressing the three dimensions of education – curriculum design, transaction and assessment.

RASHTRIYA AVISHKAR ABHIYAAN

• It is a convergent framework across School Education and Higher Education aiming to encourage children towards learning Science and Mathematics and to develop their interest through activities related to Science and Mathematics.

TARGET GROUP • Children from Classes I to XII (6 to 18 years of age) in Government and Government aided schools, KVs, Navodaya Vidyalayas, Special Schools, Open Schools, Special Training Centres.

INTERVENTIONS UNDER THE SCHEME a) Systematic Improvements in School System

• Teacher preparation for science, mathematics and technology, pre-service and in-service • Assessment design for science and mathematics for students • Recruitment of science and mathematics teachers • Strengthening of school science & mathematics laboratories • Provision of teaching –learning equipments and supplementary books/materials • Use of technology in Science and Mathematics teaching • Development of resource materials • Strengthening teacher support institutions and in use of technology • Effective classroom transaction: teaching – learning

b) Initiatives to encourage Science, Mathematics through alternative strategies

• School mentoring for science & mathematics teaching by Higher Education Institutions • Teacher circles on Science, Mathematics and Technology • Science/Mathematics Clubs for children • Extend outreach of programs of Ministry of Science and Technology to promote science learning • Participation of students in Inter-school, State/National Maths and Science Competitions/Olympiads etc. • Organised visits to Science Museums and Science fairs and Mathematics melas • Parents and community sensitisation.

SAMAVESH • IMPLEMENTING by NITI Aayog • Aims to link together various lead knowledge and research institutions to catalyse development processes, enhance institutional capacity development and enable a field level interface with the community for mutual enrichment. • As part of this, NITI Aayog seeks to deepen and extend its institutional capacity through networking and partnerships with reputed • A hub and spoke model is envisaged with lead knowledge and research institutions, recognised as Centre of Excellence with respect to the respective themes/ thrust areas.

ATAL INCUBATION CENTRES

• AIM including Self-Employment and Talent Utilization (SETU) is GOI's endeavor to promote a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship. • Its objective is to serve as a platform for promotion of world-class Innovation Hubs, Grand Challenges, Start-up businesses and other self-employment activities, particularly in technology driven areas.

FUNCTIONS

• Entrepreneurship promotion through SETU, wherein innovators would be supported and mentored to become successful entrepreneurs. • Innovation promotion: to provide a platform where innovative ideas are generated: a. ATAL TINKERING LABS b. ATAL INCUBATION CENTREs c. Scale-up support to established incubators

SCALE-UP SUPPORT TO ESTABLISHED INCUBATORS • Aims to augment capacity of the Established Incubation Centres in the country. Financial scale- up support to enable Established Incubation Centres. The scheme would radically transform the startup ecosystem in the country by upgrading the Established Incubation Centres to world class standards. • EIC must have been in operation for a minimum of three years as of 1 August 2017. EIC should be registered in India as public, private and PPP. • Grant in aid of upto Rs 10 crore in two or more annual instalments.

SHREYAS Scheme  Scheme for Higher Education Youth in Apprenticeship and Skills (SHREYAS) is to provide industry apprenticeship opportunities to graduates in non-technical fields, passing out from the National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS).  The objective is to enhance the employability of Indian youth by providing on-job work exposure and stipend.  It is a program basket comprising the initiatives of three Central Ministries,  Ministry of Human Resource Development- introduction of BA/BSc/BCom (Professional) courses in the higher educational institutions  Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship - National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS)  Ministry of Labor& Employment- National Career Service (NCS)  The primary scheme will be operated in conjunction with National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS).  The scheme will be implemented by the Sector Skill Councils (SSCs).  The SHREYAS portal will enable educational institutions to log in and provide their respective demand and supply of apprenticeship.

NEAT Scheme  National Educational Alliance for Technology (NEAT) is a public-private partnership scheme aims to harness technology for better learning outcomes in higher education.  Its objective is to use Artificial Intelligence to make learning more personalised and customised as per the requirements of the learner.  It is to provide wider access to adaptive learning technologiesin partnership with companies using Artificial Intelligence.  Start-ups which join the government platform must offer 25% free coupons for students from disadvantaged communities.  MHRD would act as a facilitator to ensure that the solutions are freely available to a large number of economically backward students.  It would create and maintain a National NEAT platform that would provide one-stop access to technological solutions.  It will be administered by an apex committee constituted by the Ministry.  It will have an independent expert panels, being set up to evaluate and select the best EdTech solutions.

EQUIP  Education Quality Upgradation and Inclusion Programme (EQUIP) is a five-year vision plan.  It sets out to deliver further on principles of Access, Inclusion, Quality, Excellence and enhancing employability in Higher Education.  It aims at ushering transformation in India‘s higher education system by implementing strategic interventions in the sector over five years (2019-2024).  It has been prepared based on reports of Ten expert groups constituted to deliberate upon important aspects of Higher Education.

Other Initiatives in 2019  Pradhan Mantri Innovative Learning Program (DHRUV) - To identify and encourage talented children to enrich their skills and knowledge.  NISHTHA – National Initiative for School Heads and Teachers‘ Holistic Advancement to improve learning outcomes at the elementary level through an Integrated Teacher Training Programme.

 SWAYAM 2.0 - SWAYAM seeks to bridge the digital divide for students who have hitherto remained untouched by the digital revolution and have not been able to join the mainstream of the knowledge economy.  Deeksharambh - It is a guide to Student Induction Programme which is prepared by University Grants Commission (UGC).  PARAMARSH - To mentor National Accreditation and Assessment Council (NAAC) accreditation aspirant institutions for promoting quality assurance in higher education.  Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) - To ensure quality, credibility and timely availability of information from all the schools in the country.  The GIS based mapping portal gives information about location of more than 15 lakh schools in the country along with some salient highlights.  Digital Infrastructure for Knowledge Sharing (DIKSHA) – To provide digital platform to teachers giving them an opportunity to learn and train themselves and connect with teacher community.  Performance Grading Index (PGI) - To objectively evaluate the performance of the school education system in the States/UTs, MHRD has designed a 70 indicators based matrix called Performance Grading Index (PGI) to grade the States and UTs.  School Nutrition Gardens (SNG) - A guideline on School Nutrition Gardens has been issued to all states and UTs.  It is a place where herbs, fruits and vegetables are grown in the school premises for use in preparation of Mid-Day Meal.  Kala Utsav - Initiative of the Department of School Education & Literacy to recognize the importance of aesthetics and artistic experiences for school students, which play a major role in creating awareness of India‘s rich cultural heritage and its vibrant diversity.

RISE  Revitalising Infrastructure and Systems in Education (RISE) was launched to revitalize the infrastructure of higher educational institutions with a total investment of one lakh crore in the upcoming 4 years.  It will provide low cost funds to government higher educational institutions to promote higher education.  It will cover all centrally-funded institutes (CFIs) including central universities, IITs, IIMs, NITs and IISERs.  It will be financed via a restructured ―Higher Education Financing Agency (HEFA) that has been constituted as a non-bank finance company.  Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) will get largest part of loans on offer under RISE Scheme.

HEFA  It was set up by central govt. as Section 8 company (company having charitable objectives) in 2017.  HEFA will mobilize funds in market and will provide 10 year loans to all centrally-run institutes.  For the mobilization of corpus of Rs. 1 lakh crore, central govt. will provide Rs. 8,500 crore.  Canara Bank will bear the remaining amount as a partner for setting up of HEFA.  Target – All the projects sanctioned by HEFA are to get completed before 2022.  It will directly release the sanctioned amount to vendors or contractors only after the certification of executing agency and educational institution.  CFIs will have to repay the borrowed amount (loans) in a time frame of over 10 years.

Prime Minister Research Fellowship Scheme  PMRF scheme is aimed at attracting the talent pool of the country to doctoral (Ph.D.) programs of IITs and IISc for carrying out research in cutting edge science and technology domains.  Selected candidates will be offered admission to Ph.D. program in one of IITs/IISc with a fellowship of Rs. 70,000/month for the first 2 years, Rs. 75,000/month for the 3rd, and Rs. 80,000/month in the 4th and 5th years.  Apart from this, a research grant of Rs.2 lakh/year will be provided to each of the Fellows for a period of 5 years to cover their academic contingency expenses and for foreign/national travel expenses.  It will be implemented for period of 7 years beginning 2018-19 and Maximum of 3000 Fellows would be selected in 3 year period, beginning 2018-19.

IMPRESS Scheme . Impactful Policy Research in Social Science (IMPRESS) is to promote policy research in social science. . The objective is to identify and fund research proposals in social sciences with maximum impact on the governance and society. . Under this, 1,500 research projects will be funded for 2 years. . The Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR) has been entrusted with the task of implementing and monitoring the scheme. . Some of the identified domains under the scheme are - State and democracy, Urban transformation, Media culture and society, Employment skills and rural transformation, Governance innovation and public policy, innovation, Agriculture and rural development, Social media and society, Politics law and economics.

SPARC Scheme . Scheme for Promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration (SPARC) aims at improving the research ecosystem of India‘s higher educational institutions by facilitating academic and research collaborations between Indian and foreign institutions. . The quality benchmark for SPARC is that only such Indian institutes can apply which are in top 100 NIRF ranking or top 100 NIRF subject ranking. . For foreign universities the benchmark is either top 500 of QS ranking or top 200 of QS subject ranking. . IIT-Khargapur is the national Coordinating Institute to implement the SPARC programme.

LEAP Initiative  Leadership for Academicians Programme (LEAP) is a flagship leadership development training programme.  The objective is mainly to train academic heads, who are likely to assume leadership roles in the future.  Its focus group is second level academic functionaries in public funded higher education institutions.  It would include both domestic and foreign training in managerial skills such as problem- solving, handling stress, team building work, conflict management, developing communication skills etc.  The implementation will be through top ranked universities and top 100 global ranked foreign universities.

ARPIT initiative  Annual Refresher Programme in Teaching (ARPIT) is a unique initiative of online professional development of 15 lakh higher education faculty usingSWAYAM platform.  National Resource Centres (NRC) will be identified to prepare online training material.  NRC will be in a mixed range of institutions such as, Central Universities, IISc, IUCAA, IITs, IISERs, NITs, IGNOU, State Universities, UGC‘s Human Resource Development Centres (HRDCs) and National Institutes for Technical Teachers Training.  It will focus on latest developments in the discipline, new & emerging trends, pedagogical improvements and methodologies for transacting revised curriculum.  SWAYAM - Study Webs of Active learning for Young Aspiring Minds is a Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) platform launched to offer various online courses for school education and higher education.

Pradhan Mantri Vidya Lakshmi Karyakram  The scheme aims to provide a fully IT based Student Financial Aid Authority to administer and monitor Scholarship as well Educational Loan Schemes.  Accordingly, Vidya Lakshmi Portal, a first of its kind portal for students seeking education load was set up.  It provides single window electronic platform for students to access information and prepares applications for Educational Loans and Government Scholarships.  This portal has been developed under the guidance of Department of Financial Services, (Ministry of Finance), Department of Higher Education (Ministry of Human Resource Development) and Indian Banks Association (IBA).  The portal has been developed and being maintained by  NSDL e-Governance Infrastructure Limited.  The portal also provides linkages to National Scholarship Portal.

NSDL e-Gov  NSDL e-Governance Infrastructure Limited (NSDL e-Gov) was originally setup as a Depository in 1995.  It works closely with various Government agencies for designing, managing and implementing e-Governance Projects.  It has been appointed as a Registrar of Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) to facilitate registration of residents for obtaining Aadhaar and has been engaged as the technology partner for GST.

Institutes of Eminence Scheme  Institutes of Eminence are institutions which are expected to make into top 500 world rankings in a decade.  They have complete freedom to decide the curricula, hire domestic and foreign faculty and fix a fee structure of their choice.  It comprises 10 public and 10 private educational institutions which will be selected based on the recommendations of Empowered committee.  Rs. 1000 cr. grant will be given only to public institutions and no funds will be given to private institutions.  These Institutions shall also be provided with autonomy 1. To admit foreign students up to 30% of admitted students; 2. To recruit foreign faculty upto 25% of faculty strength; 3. To offer online courses upto 20% of its programmes;

4. To enter into academic collaboration with top 500 in the world ranking Institutions without permission of UGC; 5. Free to fix and charge fees from foreign students without restriction; 6. Flexibility of course structure in terms of number of credit hours and years to take a degree; 7. Complete flexibility in fixing of curriculum and syllabus, among others.

 10 Public Institutions - IISc Bangalore, IIT Delhi, IIT Bombay, IIT Madras, IIT Kharagpur, University of Hyderabad, Banaras Hindu University, University of Delhi, Jadavpur University & Anna University.  10 Private institutions - BITS Pilani, MAHE Karnataka, Jio Institute, Amrita Vishwavidyapeetham, Tamil Nadu, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Odisha, O.P. Jindal Global University, Haryana, Bharti Institute, Satya Bharti Foundation, Mohali, Shiv Nadar University, Uttar Pradesh.

Samagra Shiksha Scheme  It is a centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS) subsumes 3 erstwhile CSS schemes such as Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA), Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) and Teacher Education (TE).  It is an integrated Scheme for school education extending support to States from pre-school to senior secondary levels for the first time.  It is an overarching programme for the school education sector extending from pre-school to class XII.  It aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education at all levels of school education.  It envisages the ‗school‘ as a continuum from pre-school, primary, upper primary, secondary to senior secondary levels.

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan  SSA - It is aimed at the universalisation of elementary education as mandated by the 86th Amendment to the Constitution of India which made free and compulsory education to children between the ages of 6 to 14 as a fundamental right.  Initiatives and Sub-Programmes under SarvaShiksha Abhiyan (SSA)  Shagun Portal - It has two componentsi.e Repository of best practices to learn from success stories & Online Monitoring of the SSA implemented by States and UTs  Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat - To improve the reading and writing skills of children in classes I and II, along with their mathematics skills.  RashtriyaAvishkarAbhiyan (RAA) - It aims to motivate and engage children of the age group of 6-18 years, in Science, Mathematics and Technology by Institutions of Higher Education like IIT's, NIT's etc.  Vidyanjali - To enhance community and private sector involvement in Government run elementary schools

Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan  It is a centrally sponsored scheme with the objective to enhance access to secondary education.

Initiatives under RMSA

1. Shaala Siddhi - It is a web portal developed by the National University of Educational Planning and Administration (NUEPA) to enable schools to evaluate their performance in 7 key domains under the prescribed framework.

2. ShaalaDarpan - It is an e-Governance platform that covers all the KendriyaVidyalayas, to improve quality of learning, efficiency of school administration, governance of schools & service delivery. 3. e-PATHSHALA - It is a joint initiative of HRD, National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) to disseminate all educational e-resources including textbooks, audio, video and non-print materials. 4. Kala utsav - To promote Arts (Music, Theatre, Dance, Visual Arts and Crafts) in education in secondary stage of the education to bring art in an inclusive environment. 5. Seema Darshan -It is an intiative by HRD in collaboration with Ministry of Defence and Ministry of Home Affairs for the students of KendriyaVidyalayas and NavodayaVidyalayas to provide an opportunity for the children to experience the border environment and to foster patriotism among the students.

Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan . RUSA is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme to increase enrolment in higher education by 30% by 2020. . It also seeks to increase the spending on higher education by the State Governments by providing strategic funding to eligible State higher educational institutions. . The funding would flow from the central ministry through the State/UT to the State Higher Education Councils before reaching the identified institutions. . During its 1st phase, central assistance to States has been provided for creation of one Model Degree College each in 60 Educationally Backward Districts. . Educationally Backward Districts are those districts where Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in higher education was less than the national average of 12.4% based on 2001 census data. . During its 2nd phase, RUSA focuses on opening new Model Degree Colleges in Aspirational Districts, in unserved & underserved districts in North Eastern and Himalayan States. . Aspirational Districts are identified by NITI Aayog on the basis of composite index. . The parameters under the index includes, 1. Deprivation enumerated under Socio-Economic Caste Census, 2. Health & Nutrition, Education performance indicators 3. Basic Infrastructure.

BHUVAN - RUSA PORTAL - The National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) of ISRO has developed a mobile application for uploading geo-tagged photographs and associated details captured by the educational institutions in this portal as part of the implementation of RUSA.

Unnat Bharat Abhiyan  It aims to link the Higher Education Institutions with at least (5) villages, to enable the institutions contribute to the economic and social betterment of these village communities using their knowledge base.  Objectives - Providing rural India with professional resource support from institutes of higher education to address the development challenges through appropriate technologies.  The institutions will provide the knowledge and technology support to improve the livelihoods in rural areas.  Each selected institute would adopt a cluster of villages / panchayats and gradually expand the outreach over a period.  IIT Delhi has been designated to function as the National Coordinating Institute for this program.  HRD along with the Ministries of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj has agreed to link all Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) with rural development processes under Unnat Bharat Abhiyan (UBA). 33

SWAYAM  Study Webs of Active Learning for Young Aspiring Minds is an indigenous IT platform for hosting the Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs).  The objective is to take the best teaching learning resources to all, including the most disadvantaged.  It targets those students who could not complete their studies and professionals who wish to upgrade their knowledge.  This is done through an indigenous developed IT platform that facilitates hosting of all the courses, taught in classrooms from 9th class till post-graduation to be accessed by anyone, anywhere at any time.  It covers diverse disciplines such as arts, science, commerce, performing arts, social sciences and humanities subjects, engineering, technology, law, medicine, agriculture etc. in higher education domain.  It shall also cover Skill based courses, which cover both post-higher secondary school skills that are presently the domain of polytechnics as well as industrial skills certified by the sector skill councils.  Professors of centrally funded institutions like IITs, IIMs, central universities will offer online courses.  At the end of each course, there will be an assessment of the student through examination and the marks/grades secured in this exam could be transferred to the academic record of the students.  It was indigenously developed by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) with the help of Microsoft.

Saksham Scholarship Scheme  The scheme was launched in 2014-15, with the objective of encouraging economically weaker differently-able students to pursue technical education at Diploma and Degree levels.  Scholarship amount of Rs.30,000 is provided towards tuition fee reimbursement and Rs.20000 as contingency allowance for 1000 persons/annum.

SwayamPrabha  The Swayam Prabha is a group of 32 DTH channels devoted to telecasting of high-quality educational programmes on 24X7 basis using the GSAT-15 satellite.  The channels cover higher education, school education and assist the students (class 11th & 12th) prepare for competitive exams.  Information and Library Network (INFLIBNET), an autonomous Inter-University Centre (IUC) of UGC maintains the web portal.  INFLIBNET is involved in creating infrastructure for sharing of library and information resources and services among Academic and Research Institutions.  It widens the scope of SWAYAM and Channels for telecasting educational programmes dedicated to teacher trainingare also available.

Shaala Darpan Portal  It is an E-Governance school automation and management system for Navodaya Vidyalaya Samiti (NVS) in New Delhi.  This portal has been developed for information sharing and knowledge dissemination for employees and students across schools and offices of NVS.  It is the first major initiative to enable automation of all activities of the NV‘s through a single umbrella - 636 schools, 8 Regional Offices, 8 NLIs and Head Quarter.  There is also another portal with the same name for KendriyaVidyalayas. 34

 Kendriya Vidyalaya Shaala Darpan is an e-Governance platform for all KVs in the country.  It aims to improve quality of learning, efficiency of school administration, governance of schools & service delivery to key stakeholders namely, students, parents, teachers, community and schools.

Navodaya Vidyalayas  They are residential schools providing good quality modern education from Class VI to Class VIII to the talented children predominantly from the rural areas, without regard to their socio- economic condition.  Admission is done through an entrance exam and 75% of seats are reserved for children from rural areas, apart from reservations for children belonging to SC and ST communities.  Navodya Vidyalaya Samiti, registered as a Society, is an autonomous organisation that runs these schools.

Ek Bharat Shrestha Bharat  It was announced on the occasion of the 140th birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.  It aims to actively enhance interaction between people of diverse cultures living in different States and UTs, with the objective of promoting greater mutual understanding and bonding amongst them.  Each year, every State/UT would be paired with another State/UT in India for reciprocal interaction between the people.  Rashtriya Ekta Shivir (National Integration Camp) was organized to implement this program.

ShaalaSarathi  It is a State-NGO-CSR Portal to aid the collaboration among the stakeholders in sharing innovative practices in various schools.  Shaala Siddhi is a comprehensive school evaluation system focused on well-defined quality based parameters that facilitates Schools to make professional judgments for improvement.

All School Monitoring Individual Tracing Analysis  ASMITA is launched under ShalaAsmitaYojana (SAY) to track the educational journey of school students from Class I to Class XII across the 15 lakhs private and government schools in the country.  It will be an online database that will carry information of student attendance and enrolment, learning outcomes, mid-day meal service and infrastructural facilities among others.  Students will be tracked through their Aadhaar numbers and incase those not having unique number will be provided with it.

SwachhVidyalaya Initiative  It is a collaborative effort of Central Government, State and UT in partnership with PSU's and Private Corporate to provide funding to build functional toilets in every school.

Global Initiative of Academic Networks  GIAN is an initiative aimed at tapping the talent pool of scientist and entrepreneurs internationally by collaborating Indian institutes of Higher Education in India with Foreign academics.  It is to augment the country's existing academic resources, accelerate the pace of quality reform and elevate the scientific and technological capacity to global excellence.

IMPRINT India  Impacting Research Innovation and Technology is an IIT and IISc joint initiative to develop a roadmap for research to solve major engineering and technology challenges in technology domains relevant to India.  It aims at direct research in the premier institutions into areas of social relevance.

UchchtarAavishkarAbhiyan  It aims to promote industry-specific need-based research in the educational institutions to keep up the competitiveness of the Indian industry in the global market.  All the IITs have been encouraged to work with the industry to identify areas where innovation is required.

VittiyaSaksharataAbhiyan  VISAKA is a financial literacy campaign.  It is to actively engage the students of Higher Education Institutions to encourage them to use a digitally enabled cashless economic system for transfer of funds.  Ministry of HRD also aims to make financial transactions completely digital in all higher education institutions.

IshanUday and Ishan Vikas  It is a Scholarships scheme for undergraduates from northeast.  Under the scheme, 10,000 fresh scholarships are to be provided for general degree course, technical and professional courses including medical and para-medical courses and will be given through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) to the beneficiary student  IshanVikas - Select students from northeast to be taken to IITs, NITs etc. for internships/ exposure

Shodhganga . It is the repository developed to contain an electronic copy of all M.Phil/Ph.D thesis to make it accessible to all institutions. . The task of setting-up of this repository is assigned to Information and Library Network (INFLIBNET), an inter-university centre of the University Grants Commission (UGC). . It also provides access to Indian theses and dissertations in open access to world-wide academic community and making visibility of Indian research to other countries.

Param Vir Chakra . It is India's highest military decoration awarded for the displaying distinguished acts of valour during wartime. . It can be awarded to officers or enlisted personnel from all branches of the Indian military. To date, the award has not been conferred twice (can be awarded twice).

Vidya-Veerta Abhiyan . It is to encourage varsities to display portraits of Param Veer Chakra-decorated soldiers. . The objective is to instill sense of ―nationalism‖ and ―patriotism‖ among the students. . Universities and educational institutions across country will have awall of heroes‖, depicting portraits of soldiers who showed extraordinary courage in defending the nation.

Diksha Portal  Ministry of HRD and National Council for Teacher Education collaborated to build Diksha portal.  It will serve as National Digital Infrastructure for Teachers which enable all teachers across nation to be equipped with advanced digital technology.  It will aid teachers to learn and train themselves for which assessment resources will be available.  It will help teachers to create training content, profile, in-class resources, assessment aids, news and announcement and connect with teacher community.  States, government bodies and even private organisations, can integrate DIKSHA into their respective teacher initiatives.

Margdarshan  It is under the purview of All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), a national level apex advisory body under Ministry of Human Resource and Development.  The scheme aims to provide mentoring to institutes by a well performing Institute.  Institutions of repute will act as a mentor with its existing facilities to serve as the hub to guide and disperse knowledge to 10 technical institutions.  It will allow for information sharing, such as technical education, research and sharing of resources to encourage best practices.  Mentor institute also provide services to faculty for self-improvement.  Government owned, aided and self-financed institutes and universities approved by AICTE can participate.  Duration of the project shall be of 3 years.  The fund dispersed by AICTE shall be utilized to conduct programmes for technical up liftment of the faculty members and shall not be used for purchase of equipment like computer, laptop etc.

SwasthBachche-Swasth Bharat Programme  It is an initiative of Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan to prepare a physical Health and Fitness Profile Card for more than 12 lakhs of Kendriya Vidyalaya students.  The programme will provide a comprehensive and inclusive report card for children covering all age groups and children of different abilities.  It also intends to imbibe values of Olympics and Paralympics amongst students and motivating potentially outstanding performers.

JIGYASA  It is a student- scientist connect programme by Ministry of HRD and Ministry of S&T.  It focuses on connecting school students and scientists so as to extend student‘s classroom learning to research laboratory based learning by visiting CSIR laboratories and by participating in mini-science projects.  CSIR and Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan (KVS) are collaborating to implement this programme.

Maitreyi Yatra  It is an exclusive student exchange programme for J&K organized by Ministry of Human Resource development.  It provides a good opportunity for the youth of J&K to be acquainted with culture, language and development story of different parts of the country.

Madhyamik and Uchchtar Shiksha Kosh  Cabinet has recently approved the setting up of a single corpus fund ―Madhyamik and Uchchtar Shiksha Kosh‖  The proceeds of secondary and higher education cess will be credited to this fund.  It is a non-lapsable fund and it will be utilised for the government‘s schemes in the education sector.

National Testing Agency  Union Cabinet has recently approved creation of National Testing Agency (NTA) to conduct entrance examinations for higher educational institutions.  It will be registered as a society under the Indian Societies Registration Act.  It will act an autonomous and self-sustained premier testing organization chaired by eminent educationist appointed by Ministry of HRD.  It would conduct those entrance examinations which are currently being conducted by the CBSE (NEET, JEE), AICTE etc, thereby relieving them of this responsibility.  The entrance examinations will be conducted in online mode at least twice a year, giving adequate opportunity to candidates.  It will be given a one-time grant of Rs.25 crore from the Government to start its operation in the first year. Thereafter, it will be financially self-sustainable.

Mission Mode Project (MMP)  It is an individual project within the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) that focuses on one aspect of electronic governance, such as banking, land records or commercial taxes etc.  Within NeGP 2.0, "mission mode" implies that projects have clearly defined objectives, scopes, and implementation timelines and milestones, as well as measurable outcomes and service levels.

3. MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE

RASHTRIYA BAL SWASTHYA KARYAKRAM (RBSK) • The centre-state funding pattern will be 75:25 for all the States except North-Eastern states including Sikkim and other special category states of Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, for whom the centre-state funding pattern will be 90:10. • RBSK is a new initiative aiming at early identification and early intervention for children from birth to 18 years to cover 4 ‘D’s viz. Defects at birth, Deficiencies, Diseases, Development delays including disability. • Child screening under RBSK is at two levels community level and facility level. 1. While facility based new born screening at public health facilities like PHCs / CHCs/ DH, will be by existing health manpower like Medical Officers, Staff Nurses & ANMs, 2. The community level screening will be conducted by the Mobile health teams at Anganwadi Centres and Government and Government aided Schools.

REVISED NATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS PROGRAMME • India has more new TB patients annually than any other country globally, contributing to 27% of the world’s TB burden. 1. DOTS strategy for curing TB 2. Tracking of TB patients (TB Surveillance)

NIKSHAY POSHAN YOJANA • Financial incentive of Rs 500 per month for each notified TB patient for duration for which the patient in on anti-TB treatment. • Incentive is provided by Direct Benefit Transfer. • The scheme is a centrally sponsored scheme under National Health Mission (NHM). • Financial norms of NHM would be applicable.

DRUG RESISTANT TB • Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is defined as TB with resistance at least to isoniazid (H) and rifampicin (R) with or without resistance to other first-line anti-TB drugs. • Additional resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs) and second-line injectables (SLIs), either alone or together i.e extensively drug resistant TB (XDR-TB), is considered to be advanced forms of MDR-TB. • Programmatic Management of Drug Resistant TB (PMDT) • Drugs approved for treatment of MDR-TB: 1. Delamanid 2. Bedaquiline under Conditional Access Program

VATSALYA MAATRI AMRIT KOSH • Through this scheme a National Human Milk Bank and Lactation Counselling Centre at Delhi will be set up. • This would be the largest human milk bank and lactation counselling centre available under the public sector in North India. • This centre is opened in collaboration with 1. Norwegian Government 2. Oslo University and 39

3. NIPI (Norway India Partnership Inititative) Newborn Project • The centre will collect pasteurize, test and safely store milk, which is donated by lactating mothers. • This project will not only act as a dedicated centre to support breastfeeding and improve infant survival but also act as the teaching, training and demonstration site for other milk banks to be established under the Ministry Of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.

AFFORDABLE MEDICINES AND RELIABLE IMPLANTS FOR TREATMENT (AMRIT) PROGRAM • Lowering treatment cost of cancer and cardio-vascular diseases.

REPURPOSE USED COOKING OIL (RUCO) INITIATIVE • Launched by FSSAI, under Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. • The initiative will lead to creation of an ecosystem that will enable collection and conversion of used cooking oil in to bio-diesel. • India has the potential to recover 220 crore liter of Used Cooking oil for the production of biodiesel by the year 2022 through coordinated action. • It is an initiative of FSSAI • FSSAI is implementing Education, Enforecement and Ecosystem (EEE) strategy to divert used cooking oil from the food value chain and curb current illegal practices.

Ayushman Bharat Programme • ABY or National Health Protection Mission is a national initiative launched in order to achieve the vision of Universal Health Coverage • It comprises of two inter-related components 1. Establishment of Health and Wellness Centre 2. Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) • Health and Wellness Centre - National Health Policy, 2017 envisioned Health and Wellness Centres as the foundation of India‘s health system. • Under this, 1.5 lakh centres will bring health care system closer to the homes of people. • The centres will provide comprehensive health care, including for non-communicable diseases and maternal and child health services. 2 • These will also provide free essential drugs and diagnostic services. • Contributions through CSR and philanthropic institutions in adopting these centres are also envisaged. • First 'health and wellness centre' has been inaugurated in Bijapur district in Chhattisgarh.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY)

• It aims to reduce out of pocket hospitalisation expenses by providing health insurance coverage upto Rs.5 lakh/family/year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization. • The scheme will integrate two ongoing centrally sponsored schemes Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) and Senior Citizen Health Insurance Scheme (SCHIS). • The NHPS remains disconnected from primary health care services.

RashtriyaSwasthyaBima Yojana (RSBY)  It is a centrally sponsored health insurance scheme  Provide financial protection against catastrophic health costs  Improve access to quality health care for BPL and other vulnerable groups  The premium cost is shared by Centre and the State. 40

 The beneficiaries are entitled to hospitalization coverage up to Rs. 30,000/- per annum on family floater basis i.e can be utilised by any family member.  The coverage extends to maximum 5 members of the family which includes the head of household, spouse and up to three dependents including the provision to pay transport expense.  The beneficiaries need to pay only Rs. 30 as registration fee.  Beneficiaries get a biometric-enabled smart card containing their fingerprints and photographs and this Single central smart card also to include other welfare schemes like AamAadmiBima Yojana and national old age pension scheme.  Also, a beneficiary covered under the scheme will be allowed to take cashless benefits from any public/private empanelled hospitals across the country.  Coverage - The scheme will aim to target over 10 Crore families based on SECC (Socio-Economic Caste Census) database.  Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojna (RSBY) beneficiaries in state where it is active is also included.  To ensure that nobody from the vulnerable group is left out of the benefit cover, there will be no cap on family size and age in the scheme.  The insurance scheme will cover pre and post-hospitalisation expenses.  All pre-existing diseases are also covered.  It will also pay defined transport allowance per hospitalization to the beneficiary.

 Funding - The expenditure incurred in premium payment will be shared between central and state governments in a specified ratio 1. 60:40 for all states and UTs with their own legislature. 2. 90:10 in NE states and the 3 Himalayan states of J&K, HP and Uttarakhand. 3. 100% central funding for UTs without legislature.

 The State governments have the main responsibility of health service delivery.  States will be allowed to expand the scheme both horizontally and vertically.  Mode of funding - In a trust model, bills are reimbursed directly by the government.  Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Sikkim and Chandigarh are the states that will use a trust model for the mission.  In an insurance model, the government pays a fixed premium to an insurance company, which pays the hospitals.  Gujarat and Tamil Nadu have opted for mixed mode implementation.  The scheme is creating a cadre of certified frontline health service professionals called Pradhan Mantri Aarogya Mitras (PMAMs).  PMAM will be primary point of facilitation for the beneficiaries to avail treatment at the hospital and thus, act as a support system to streamline health service delivery.  Besides, 24 new Government Medical Colleges and Hospitals will be set up, by up-grading existing district hospitals in the country.  This would ensure that there is at least 1 Medical College for every 3 Parliamentary Constituencies.  Also, at least 1 Government Medical College in each State of the country.

National Health Mission  The broad objectives of National Health Mission includes the following 1. Reduce MMR to 1/1000 live births 2. Reduce IMR to 25/1000 live births 3. Reduce TFR to 2.1 4. Prevention and reduction of anaemia in women aged 15–49 years 41

5. Prevent and reduce mortality & morbidity from communicable, non- communicable; injuries and emerging diseases 6. Reduce household out-of-pocket expenditure on total health care expenditure 7. Reduce annual incidence and mortality from Tuberculosis by half 8. Reduce prevalence of Leprosy to <1/10000 population and incidence to zero in all districts 9. Annual Malaria Incidence to be <1/1000 10. Less than 1 per cent microfilaria prevalence in all districts 11. Kala-azar Elimination by 2015, <1 case per 10000 population in all blocks

 The Mission has two sub missions such as National Rural Health Mission and National Urban Health Mission.  Public health being a state subject, the aim is to support States/UTs through NHM, for strengthening their health care delivery systems

National Rural Health Mission  NRHM aims to provide Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child and Health and Adolescent (RMNCH+A) services to the rural deprived people through its network of ASHA, ANMs and AWWs.  NRHM, also called NRHM-RCH Flexipool is one of the components of NHM and is for all towns and villages below the population of 50,000.  Various initiatives under NRHM 1. Accredited social health activists 2. Janani Suraksha Yojana 3. Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) 4. Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK) 5. Mainstreaming AYUSH – revitalizing local health traditions.

National Urban Health Mission

 To meet health care needs of the urban population with the focus on urban poor, slum dwellers, by making available to them essential primary health care services and Reducing their out of pocket expenses for treatment.  It seeks to strengthen the existing health care service delivery system converging with various schemes implemented by the Ministries of Urban Development, Housing & Urban Poverty Alleviation, Human Resource Development and Women & Child Development.  It works in partnership with community and local bodies and NGOs and District health action plan is prepared.  NUHM would cover all State capitals, district headquarters and cities/towns with a population of more than50000.  Centre-state funding pattern will be 75:25 for all the states and 90:10 for Special Category s States.

Umbrella scheme for "Family Welfare and Other Health Interventions"  Cabinet committee on Economic Affairs has given its approval for continuation of five schemes under the "Umbrella Scheme for Family Welfare and Other Health Interventions" during the 14th Finance Commission period 2017-18 to 2019-20.  All the five schemes are Central Sector Schemes with 100% funding from Central Government.

 Swastha Nagrik Abhiyan (SNA) - For dissemination of information on health issues to create awareness and appropriately influence their health seeking behavior to encourage healthy lifestyles and empower the citizens.  Population Research Centres (PRCs) - For third party evaluation of the scheme on PRCs and especially of those centers which are being considered for continuation will be carried out.  Other Schemes are free supply of contraceptives, Health Surveys and Health Research and Social Marketing of Contraceptives.

ASHA, ANM and AWW  Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) is a trained female community health activist who acts as an interface between the community and the public health system.  ASHA must be women resident of the village who is literate with formal education upto class eight and preferably in the age group of 25-45 years.  Auxiliary Nurse Midwife is a resource person for ASHA and provides on-job training and guidance and ensures that ASHA gets the compensation for performance.  Anganwadi Worker guides ASHA in performing activities such as organising Health Day at Anganwadi Centre and AWW is a depot holder for drug kits and will be issuing it to ASHA.

Janani Suraksha Yojana  The objective of the JSY is to reduce maternal and infant mortality by promoting institutional delivery among pregnant women by providing conditional cash assistance of Rs.1400.  There is no bar on age of mother, number of children or type of institution i.e a government or accredited private health facility.  Financial assistance under JSY is available to all pregnant women in states that have low institutional delivery rates, namely, UP, Uttarakhand, Bihar, Jharkhand, MP, Chhattisgarh, Assam, Rajasthan, Odisha, and J&K. They are categorized as Low Performing States (LPS).  In High Performing States (HPS), where the levels of institutional delivery are satisfactory, pregnant women from BPL/SC/ST households only are entitled for JSY benefit.  The scheme also provides performance based incentives to ASHAs.

Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram  The scheme entitles all pregnant women delivering in public health institutions to an absolutely free and no expense delivery including C- section.  All expenses are borne by the government.  A pregnant woman is also entitled to free transport from home to the government health facility.  Entitlements include free drugs and consumables, free diagnostic, free blood, free diet up to 3 days for normal delivery and 7 days for C-section.  Similar entitlements have been put in place for all sick newborns accessing public health institutions for healthcare till 30 days after birth.  It also provides for free transport from home to institution, between facilities in case of a referral and drop back home.  This initiative will also help in reducing maternal and infant mortality and morbidity.

Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram  RBSY envisages Child Health Screening and Early Intervention Services and subsumes the existing school health programme.

 The scheme aims at early identification and early intervention for children from birth to 18 years to cover 4 ‗D‘s viz. Defects at birth, Deficiencies, Diseases, Development delays including disability.  The 0 - 6 years age group will be specifically managed at District Early Intervention Center (DEIC) level while for 6 -18 years age group, managed at existing public health facilities.  DEIC will act as referral linkages for both the age groups.  Children under 6 years will be screened by Mobile Block Health teams at the Anganwadi centre and those between 6-18 years will be screened at the local schools at least once a year in government and government aided schools

Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram  It is a health programme for adolescents, which focuses on age groups 10-19 years with universal coverage.  Key Principles are adolescent participation and leadership, Equity and inclusion, Gender Equity and strategic partnerships with other sectors and stakeholders.  Focus areas 1. Improve nutrition - Reduce the prevalence of malnutrition and iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) among adolescent girls and boys. 2. Improve sexual and reproductive health 3. Enhance mental health 4. Prevent injuries and violence 5. Prevent substance misuse 6. Address Non-Communicable diseases such as hypertension, stroke, cardio-vascular diseases and diabetes.

Menstrual Hygiene for Adolescent Girls Scheme  It aims to address the need of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls residing primarily in rural areas.  Funds are provided to States/UTs through National Health Mission.  The funds are for decentralized procurement of sanitary napkins packs for provision primarily to rural adolescent girls.  The napkins packs are provided at subsidized rates as per proposals received from the States and UTs.  ASHAs across the country are trained and play a significant role in promotion of use and distribution of the sanitary napkins.  It also a part of Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram that aims to achieve adolescent participation, leadership, Gender Equity and inclusion.

Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan  The program aims to provide assured, comprehensive and quality antenatal care, free of cost, universally to all pregnant women on the 9th of every month.  It guarantees a minimum package of antenatal care services to women in their 2nd/3rd trimesters of pregnancy at designated government health facilities.  The health check-up includes a minimum package of prenatal care/antenatal care services i.e care given during pregnancy and medicines such as IFA supplements, calcium supplements etc would be provided to all pregnant women.  The programme follows a systematic approach for engagement with private sector which includes motivating private practitioners to volunteer for the campaign.

 It also laid special emphasis on early diagnosis, adequate and appropriate management of women with malnutrition and adolescent and early pregnancies as these pregnancies need extra and specialized care.  Thus it aims to improve the quality and coverage of Antenatal Care (ANC) including diagnostics and counselling services as part of the Reproductive Maternal Neonatal Child and Adolescent Health (RMNCH+A) Strategy.

Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana  It is a central sector scheme aims to correct regional imbalances in the availability of affordable/ reliable tertiary healthcare services and also to augment facilities for quality medical education in the country.  It has two components 1. Setting up of AIIMS like institutions 2. Upgradation of Government medical college institutions.

Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi  RAN aims to provide financial assistance to BPL patients, who are suffering from major life threatening diseases, to receive medical treatment at any of the 13 listed super specialty institutes or government hospitals.  The central government/state government/PSU employees are not eligible.  The financial assistance to such patients is provided in the form of ‗one-time grant‘, which is released to the Medical Superintendent of the Hospital in which the treatment has is being received.  The States are needed to create their own State Illness Assistance funds in which central government contribute 50% of the fund and the fund is granted to Medical superintendent for treatment.  The State government can grant up to Rs. 1.5 lakh in each individual case in their state and forward the cases that exceed Rs.1.5 lakh to RAN headquarters.  A ―Revolving Fund‖ has been set up in 13Central Government hospitals/institutes.  These hospitals can sanction financial assistance up to Rs.5 lakh, but beyond Rs.5 lakh it has to be referred to RAN headquarters.

Universal Immunization Programme  The UIP basket has vaccines for ten diseases i.e. 1. BCG for TB, OPV for poliomyelitis, 2. Monovalent measles vaccine for measles, 3. Rota Virus vaccine for Diarrhoea, 4. JEV for Japanese Encephalitis& 5. Pentavalent Vaccine for DPT (diphtheria, pertussis i.e whooping cough &tetanus) and Vaccine for Hepatitis B & Pneumonia due to Hib. 6. Measles-rubella vaccine (MR) is also added now to the UIP  India has set a target of eliminating measles and controlling congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), caused by the rubella virus, by 2020.

Mothers‟ Absolute Affection Program  The program aims to enhance optimal breastfeeding practices in the country through Community awareness generation, Strengthening inter personal communication through ASHA, skilled support for breastfeeding and Award/recognition

LaQshya Initiative  Labour Room Quality Improvement Initiative‘s objective is to reduce preventable maternal and new-born mortality, morbidity and stillbirths by improving the quality of care provided in the labour room.  It will be implemented in Government Medical Colleges besides District Hospitals, and Sub- District Hospitals and Community Health Centres.  The initiative plans to conduct quality certification of labour rooms and also incentivize facilities achieving the targets outlined.

National Strategic Plan and Mission Sampark  They were launched on the occasion of World AIDS Day, 2017.  The National Strategic Plan on HIV/AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), 2017-24 was released.  The plan will pave a roadmap not only for achieving the target of 90:90:90 but also strive along with partners towards fast track strategy of ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030.  By 2020, 90% of all people living with HIV will know their HIV status. By 2020, 90% of all people with diagnosed HIV infection will receive sustained antiretroviral therapy. By 2020, 90% of all people receiving antiretroviral therapy will have viral suppression.  The strategic plan is aimed at eradicating HIV/AIDS by 2030.  It also aimed to achieve elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and Syphilis as well as elimination of HIV/AIDS related stigma and discrimination by 2020.  The ―Mission Sampark‖ was launched to bring People Living with HIV who has left treatment back to Anti Retro Viral Treatment (ART).

Mission Indradhanush  The mission aims to cover all those children by 2020 who are either unvaccinated, or are partially vaccinated against 7 vaccine preventable diseases.  It includes diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, polio, tuberculosis, measles and hepatitis B.  It aims to fully immunize children under the age of two years and pregnant women with all available vaccines.  The Mission is being implemented in 201 high focus districts in the country in the first phase which has nearly 50% of all unvaccinated or partially vaccinated children.  The campaign is part of the Universal Immunisation Programme by 2020.  The Ministry will be technically supported by WHO, UNICEF, Rotary International and other donor partners.

Intensified Mission Indradhanush  Mission Indradhanush was launched in 2014 to achieve full immunisation coverage for all children and pregnant women at a rapid pace.  Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI) was launched from Vadnagar in 2017 and its second version (2.0) 2.0 was launched from Dec 2, 2019.  Through IMI, Government aims to reach each and every child upto 2 years of age and all those pregnant women who have been left uncovered under the routine immunisation programme/Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP).  It aims to achieve targets of full immunization coverage in 272 districts in 27 States.  It shall be implemented in the block level (652 blocks) in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.  It will focus on urban, underserved population and tribal areas.  It consists of 4 rounds of immunization that will be conducted in the selected districts and urban cities between Dec 2019 - March 2020.

Electronic Vaccine Intelligence Network (eVIN)  It is an indigenously developed technology system in India that digitizes vaccine stocks and monitors the temperature of the cold chain through a smartphone application.  The innovative eVIN is presently being implemented called across twelve states in India.  eVIN aims to support the Government of India‘s Universal Immunization Programme by providing real-time information on vaccine stocks and flows, and storage temperatures across all cold chain points in these states.  The technological innovation is implemented by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).  It aims to strengthen the evidence base for improved policy-making in vaccine delivery, procurement and planning for new antigens in India.

Mission Parivar Vikas  It was launched on the occasion of World Population Day to accelerate access to high quality family planning.  It focuses on family planning initiatives and targeted approaches for population stabilisation through better services delivery approach.  It will focus on 146 high fertility districts in 7 states with high TFR (Total Fertility Rate).  A new program named ―Antara was launched under this mission.  Under this, an injectable hormonal contraceptive method for women that prevents pregnancy for 3 months.

Project Sunrise  The project is to tackle the increasing HIV prevalence in the eight North-Eastern states.  It aims to diagnose 90% of such drug addicts with HIV and put them under treatment at free of cost, by 2020.

National Deworming Mission  According to WHO, India has the highest burden of Soil-Transmitted Helminths (STH/ intestinal worms in the world.  The mission is aimed to protect children in the ages of 1-19 years from these worms.  Albendazole tablets will be given to all targeted children through Anganwadi centres and all schools.

4. MINISTRY OF SKILL DEVELOPMENT AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

NATIONAL SKILL DEVELOPMENT MISSION • Addressing the long term and short term skilling needs through revamp of existing Institutional Training framework and establishing new institutions • Undertake sector specific skill training initiatives • Ensure convergence of existing skill development programs: 1. Common norms for rationalisation of skill development schemes at Central and State level 2. Promoting States to open Kaushal Vardhan Kendras (KVKs) • Leverage existing public infrastructure for skilling • Focus on training of trainers: 1. Special courses meant for training of trainers and master trainers 2. National Certification system for trainers facilitated through National Skills University • Facilitate overseas employment 1. Establishment of equivalence between NSQF and International Qualifications Frameworks. 2. Partnership with leading vocational training institutions in other countries 3. Identifying global workforce requirements in destination countries 4. Pre-departure training for workers and up-skilling of return migrants • Promote sustainable livelihoods 1. Standard communication packages for specific skill development programs 2. Counselling services to facilitate process of career guidance 3. Mentorship • Each sub-mission will be a headed by a Joint Secretary or Director level officer designated as CEO, sourced from public or private sector.

PM-YUVA (PM YUVA UDYAMITA VIKAS ABHIYAAN) • Entrepreneurship education is provided to encourage entrepreneurship and help people become self-employed within the country.

SKILL SAATHI INITIATIVE • Provides information on vocational training programs under Skill India Mission • Conduct psychometric test • Provide face to face counselling interventions to guide aspirants

SKILL LOAN SCHEME • Support youth by providing a loan facility to individuals who intend to take up skill development courses • Loans are available in the range of Rs 5,000 to Rs 1,50,000

DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF TRAINING • It functions under MSDE • It has the responsibility of long term vocational training in the country.

LAUNCH OF NEW GUIDELINES FOR JAN SHIKSHAN SANSTHAN • It functions under MSDE. Previously, it functioned under MHRD. • Alignment of JSS course and curriculum to NSQF to standardise training • Decentralisation of powers for JSSs - giving more accountability and independence to district administration • Identify and promote traditional skills in the district through skilling/upskilling • Evidence based assessment system 48

• Easy online certification • Linking JSS to Public Finance Management System maintaining transparency and accountability of the ecosystem • Creating livelihood linkages • Training of Trainers to develop the capacity through National Skills Training Institutes

INDIAN INSTITUTES OF SKILLS • These state of art centres of excellence are being set up across four regions of India on the lines of premier global institutes such as Institute of Technical Education (ITE), Singapore. • MSDE has approved creation of three IIS -- Kanpur, Mumbai and Ahmedabad. • They will be established on Not-for-profit Public Private Partnership (N-PPP) basis. • Conceptualised with an objective to provide advanced highly specialised skills - for example defence, aerospace, oil and gas and other emerging business domains to name a few

NATIONAL APPRENTICESHIP PROMOTION SCHEME • Promote apprenticeship training and to increase the engagement of apprentices from 2.3 lakh during August 2016 to 50 lakh cumulatively by year 2020. • Scheme will cover all categories of apprentices except apprentices which are covered by the scheme administered by MHRD ie National Apprenticeship Training Scheme.

TARGET:

• 5 lakh apprentices in 2016-17, 10 lakh apprentices in 2017-18, 15 lakh apprentices in 2018- 19, 20 lakh apprentices in 2019-20.

PROVISIONS

• Wider option for the apprentices – integration with other schemes (courses under PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana), Modular Employable Skill (MES) courses under Skill Development Initiative or courses under State Government/Central Government shall be linked with apprenticeship training. • www.apprenticeshipindia.org portal shall be used for administering the entire implementation of Apprenticeship Training on line. • Monitoring of apprenticeship training in State PSUs and Private Sector undertakings is done by the State Governments. District Skilling Committee will be mandated to identify apprenticeship opportunities in their district and ensure appropriate utilization. • Promoter and Facilatators/Third Party Aggregators (TPAs)

BENEFITS FOR EMPLOYING APPRENTICES UNDER THE SCHEME

• Sharing of 25% of prescribed stipend subject to maximum of Rs 1500 per month per apprentice to all apprentices with the employers. • Sharing of cost of basic training with Basic Training Providers (BTP) up to a maximum of Rs 7500 per trainee for a maximum of 500 hours calculated at the rate of 15 per hour.

ELIGIBILITY FOR APPRENTICE

• An apprentice is a person who has executed a contract on apprenticeship with the employer for apprenticeship training under the Act. Minimum 14 years of age, educational and physical qualification prescribed for the trade and other requirements of the Apprentices Act, 1961. Every apprentice has to register on the portal and must have an Aadhar number. • Apprentices can be engaged from the following categories:

1. Trainees passed out from ITI courses, those under duallearning mode from it is, who have completed any NSQF aligned Short Term Course including PMKVY/DDUGKY/MES, Graduates/candidates, pursuing graduation courses/Diplomas courses in any stream or 10+2 vocational certificate holders, Candidates who possess minimum educational qualification required for a trade and have not undergone any formal trade training. 2. Basic Training Providers (BTP) is an entity who has the facilities for imparting basic training to apprentices.

• Types of BTPs are:

• National Skill Training Institutes, National Skill Training Institute for Women, Government/Private ITIs having grade 1 affiliation.

Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana • Launched in 2015, it is a flagship program of Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE). National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) implements it with the help of training partners. • It aims to mobilize youth to take up skill training with the aim of increasing productivity and aligning the training and certification to the needs of the country. • Owing to the success of PMKVY 1.0 wherein more than 19 lakh students were trained as against the target of 24 lakh, the scheme was relaunched as PMKVY 2.0 (2016-2020) with an allocated budget of Rs. 12000 Crores that aims to train 10 million youth by the year 2020.

Key Components

• Short Term Training: Training as per National Skills Qualification Framework (NSQF) is provided to those who are either school/college dropouts or unemployed.

• Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL): An individual with a certain set of skills or with prior learning experience is assessed and certified under RPL with grade according to the NSQF.

• Special Projects: This component ensures training in special areas and premises of government bodies and corporate. It aims to encourage training in vulnerable and marginalized groups of society.

• Training Partners (TPs) are mandated to organize Kaushal and Rozgar Melas every six months, thus providing placement assistance to certified ones.

 The Various components are short term training, recognition of prior learning, special projects, kaushal and rozgarmela, placement guidelines and monitoring guidelines.

Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendra • India's first Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Kendra (PMKK) for Skilling in Smart Cities was recently launched. • It was established by National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC), in collaboration with New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC). • It aims to provide skill training for unemployed youth through its short-term training (STT) module and contribute to the capacity building of municipal employees through Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) program. • It signifies integration and convergence approach towards the Skill India Mission and the Smart City Mission.

UDAAN Ministry / Department: Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), State Government (Jammu & Kashmir), Corporates and National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC)

Scheme:

• The programme aims to provide skills training and enhance the employability of unemployed youth of J&K.

• The scheme covers graduates, post graduates and three year engineering diploma holders.

• Udaan Scheme provides exposure to youth of J&K to best of corporate India and corporate India to rich talent pool available in State.

• The key stakeholders are Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA), State Government (Jammu & Kashmir), Corporates and National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC).

UDAAN (Giving Wings to Girl Students) • Another scheme of the same name is implemented by HRD. • This project aims at addressing the lower enrollment of girls in engineering colleges/IITs and technological institutions. • It involves training 1000 selected girl students to compete for admission at premier Engineering colleges in India by providing course in an online and offline format. • The girl students enrolled in classes XI of KVs/NVs/other Government run Schools affiliated to any Board in India are eligible for the Scheme.

SANKALP & STRIVE • Skills Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood Promotion (SANKALP) aimed at providing market relevant training to youths across the country. • Skill Strengthening for Industrial Value Enhancement (STRIVE) aimed at improving the quality and the market relevance of vocational training provided in ITIs. • Both Schemes are under the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship and supported by World Bank loan assistance. • The two schemes will help in setting up national body for vocational education – Vocational Education and Training (VET). • VET shall regulate accreditation and certification in both long and short term thereby bringing about uniformity in vocational training. • SANKALP is a centrally sponsored scheme and STRIVE is a central sector scheme.

SANKALP Scheme

• Skills Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood Promotion (SANKALP) project focuses on skill development. • It is programme of ‗Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship‘. • It is an outcome oriented project supported by ‗World Bank‘. • It aims to implement the mandate of the National Skill Development Mission (NSDM). • It focuses on district level skilling ecosystem through seamless convergence and coordination. • It has a special focus on decentralised planning and quality improvement. • It covers the overall skilling ecosystem of both Central & State agencies. • Four key areas identified under the scheme are: 1. Institutional Strengthening (National,State&District level)

2. Quality Assurance of skill development programs 3. Inclusion of marginalised population in skill development and 4. Expanding Skills through Public Private Partnerships (PPPs). • An award has also launched to promote skill planning at the district level, namely ―District Skill Development Plan (DSDP) Awards‖. • The key components of this scheme are: 1. National Skill Certification Body - An independent body for regulating skill assessment. 2. Unified National Accreditation board – A standard registration and accreditation criteria for trainers & training centres. 3. National Skill Research Division – It is an independent think tank with an objective to analyse labour markets to help make policies that suit the current trends. 4. Kaushal Mart – This is a consolidated Skilling Resource Marketplace which offers a credible platform for an exchange of skilling resources. 5. Takshila: National Portal for trainers – This functions as the central archive of information regarding the skill development of Trainers.

SANKALP:

• SANKALP intends to set up Trainers and Assessors academies with self-sustainable models. • Additional training academies will also be set up under the scheme. • The focus will be on greater level of decentralization in skill planning through institutional strengthening at state level, that includes setting up of State Skill Development Missions (SSDMs) and allow the states to come up with State and District level Skill Development Plans. • It aims at improving the inclusion of marginalized communities including Persons with Disabilities (PwD), Scheduled Castes (SCs), Scheduled Tribes (STs) and also women for providing skill training opportunities. • A skilling ecosystem will be created, such that it will support the country climb up the ladder in the Ease of Doing Business Index.

STRIVE:

• STRIVE scheme aims at developing a powerful mechanism for delivering training for quality skill development by strengthening the institutions like National Skill Development Agency (NSDA), National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC), SSDMs, Sector Skill Councils etc. • By involving Industrial clusters, business association and Small Scale Industries, the scheme intends incentivize Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) to improve the overall performance.

Both the schemes will work towards increasing the aspirational value of skill development programs by increasing the marketability of skills, through better industry connect and quality assurance.

5. MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT, FOREST AND CLIMATE CHANGE

Integrated Development of Wildlife Habitats • IDWH is a centrally sponsored umbrella scheme that consists of Project Tiger, Development of Wildlife Habitats and Project Elephant. • The schemes would result in overall strengthening/ consolidation of tiger, elephant and wildlife conservation in the country. • Besides, it would also address the Man-Animal conflict effectively and benefit the communities relocating from core protected areas. • The implementation of the schemes would be done through the respective States in designated Tiger Reserves, Protected Areas and Elephant Reserves. • The scheme was approved to continue beyond the 12th plan period from 2017-18 to 2019-20.

Green Skill Development Programme • It was launched in line with the Skill India programme for skilling India‘s youth in the environment and forest sector. • It endeavours to develop green skilled workers having technical knowledge and commitment to sustainable development, which will help in the attainment of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), SDGs, National Biodiversity Targets (NBTs), as well as Waste Management Rules (2016). • It aims to train over 5.5 lakh workers in environment and forest sectors in the country by2021. • Botanical Survey of India and Zoological Survey of India were the nodal Centres for the pilot programme. • It provides gainful employment to candidates completing the course in the zoos/wildlife sanctuaries/national parks etc • It is being implemented by utilising the vast networks and expertise of ENVIS Hubs.

Environmental Information System (ENVIS) • ENVIS has been established by the Government of India as a plan programme in 1982. • Its focus has been on providing environmental information to decision makers, policy planners, scientists and engineers, research workers, etc. all over the country. • A large number of nodes, known as ENVIS Centres, have been established in the network to cover the broad subject areas of environment with a Focal Point in the Ministry of Environment & Forests. • It has been designed as the National Focal Point for INFOTERRA, a global environmental information network of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).

Himalayan Research Fellowships Scheme • The fellowship was started to create a young pool of trained environmental managers, ecologists and socio-economists. • It will help generate information on physical, biological, managerial and human aspects of Himalayan environment and development. • The scheme will be executed through various universities and Institutions working in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) and the financial support will be provided under the National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS). • Fellowships will be awarded for a maximum period of 3 years. • Areas that are being focused on for research under the NMHS are: 1. Water resource management including rejuvenation of springs and catchments, 2. Hydropower development, 53

3. Assessment and prediction of water-induced hazards, 4. Livelihood options including ecotourism opportunities, 5. Biodiversity management including recovery of threatened species and skill development.

National Action Plan on Climate Change • National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) is a comprehensive action plan which outlines measures on climate change related adaptation and mitigation while simultaneously advancing development. • It effectively pulls together a number of the government‘s existing national plans on water, renewable energy, energy efficiency agriculture and others and bundled with additional ones into a set of eight missions. • The Prime Minister‘s Council on Climate Change is in charge of the overall implementation of the plan.

Eight core missions of NAPCC 1. National Solar Mission – It has a goal of increasing production of photo-voltaic to 1000 MW/year; and a goal of deploying at least 1000 MW of solar thermal power generation. 2. National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency 3. National Mission on Sustainable Habitat 4. National Water Mission - the plan sets a goal of a 20% improvement in water use efficiency through pricing and other measures. 5. National Mission for Sustaining the Himalayan Ecosystem 6. National Mission for a ―Green India‖: Goals include the afforestation of 6 million hectares of degraded forest lands and expanding forest cover from 23% to 33% of India‘s territory. 7. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture 8. National Mission on Strategic Knowledge for Climate Change

National Mission for Green India • It aims at protecting; restoring and enhancing India‘s diminishing forest cover by setting the following goals 1. To increase forest/tree cover to the extent of 5 million hectares (mha) and improve quality of forest/tree cover on another 5 mha of forest/non-forest lands, 2. To improve/enhance eco-system services like carbon sequestration and storage, hydrological services, biodiversity and provisioning services like fuel, fodder, and timber and non-timber forest produces, 3. To increase forest-based livelihood income of about 3 million households.

PARIVESH • Pro-Active and Responsive facilitation by Interactive, Virtuous and Environmental Single- window Hub is a Single-Window Integrated Environmental Management System • It has been rolled out for online submission, monitoring and management of proposals seeking various types of environment clearances from Central, State and district-level authorities. • It enables project proponents, citizens to view, track and interact with scrutiny officers, generates online mail alerts to state functionaries in case of delays beyond stipulated time for processing of applications.

6. MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND FARMERS WELFARE

PRADHAN MANTRI FASAL BIMA YOJNA  FINANCING by The difference between premium and the rate of Insurance charges payable by farmers shall be shared equally by the Centre and State.  PMFBY will provide a comprehensive insurance cover against failure of the crop thus helping in stabilising the income of the farmers and encourage them for adoption of innovative practices.  Coverage All farmers including sharecroppers and tenant farmers growing the notified crops in the notified areas are eligible for coverage.

Compulsory Component of the Scheme:

1. All farmers who have been sanctioned Seasonal Agricultural Operations (SAO) loans from Financial 2. Institutions (FIs) (i.e. loanee farmers) for the notified crops season would be covered compulsorily.

Voluntary Component of the Scheme:

 The Scheme is optional for non-loanee farmers. 1. Special efforts shall be made to ensure maximum coverage of SC/ST/Women Farmers under the Scheme. 2. PRIs may be involved in extension and awareness creation amongst farmers and taking feedback of farmers about the scheme. 3. Implementing insurance company needs to make measures to ensure at least 10% incremental increase in coverage of non-loanee farmers takes place. 4. The scheme is compulsory for loanee farmer obtaining Crop Loan /KCC account for notified crops. However, voluntary for Other/non loanee farmers who have insurable interest in the insured crop(s).

COVERAGE OF CROPS

• Food Crops (Cereals, Millets and Pulses); Oilseeds; Annual Commercial/Annual Horticultural crops. In addition to perennial crops, pilots for coverage of those perennial horticultural crops for which standard methodology for yield stimation is available.

COVERAGE OF RISKS

• Prevented Sowing/Planting/Germination Risk due to deficit rainfall or adverse seasonal/Weather conditions. • Risks to Standing crops from Sowing to Harvesting: Scheme provides risk insurance to cover yield losses due to non-preventable risks – Drought, Flood, Dry spell, Flood, Inundation, widespread Pests and Disease attack, Landslides, Fire due to natural causes, Lightning storm, Hailstorm and Cyclone. • Post Harvest Losses: Coverage available only up to a maximum period of two weeks from harvesting, for those crops which are required to be dried in cut and spread/small bundled condition in the field after harvesting against Hailstorm, Cyclone, Cyclonic rains and Unseasonal rains. • Localised Calamities: Loss/damade to notified insured crops from occurrence of localised Hailstorm, Landslide, Cloud burst and Natural fire due to lightening affecting isolated farms. 55

• States may consider providing add on coverage for crop loss due to attack by wild animals wherever risk is perceived to be substantial and is identifiable. Add on coverage will be optional for farmers and applicable premium will be borne by the farmer. However, States may consider providing additional subsidy on this coverage. • Yield loss damage for localised calamities and post-harvest losses will be assessed on the basis of individual insured farm level. For remaining risks losses are due to widespread calamities. Claims will be calculated based on loss assessment report/average yield submitted by State Government. • The Maximum Premium payable by the farmers will be 2% for all Kharif Food & Oilseeds crops, 1.5% for Rabi Food & Oilseeds crops and 5% for Annual Commercial/Horticultural Crops. • Provision of Penalties/Incentives for States, Insurance companies and Banks at 12% interest to be paid by Insurance Company to farmers for delay in settlement claims beyond two months of presecribed cutoff date. • State Government have to pay 12% interest rate for delay in release of State share of Subsidy beyond three months of prescribed cutoff date. • Mandatory capturing of Aadhar number – for deduplication. • Rationalisation of methodology for calculation of Yield – • Moving average of best 5 out of 7 years for calculation of claim amount. • Performance evaluation of insurance companies and their de-empanelment. • The scheme will be implemented by AIC and other empanelled private general insurance companies. • Selection of Implementing Agency (IA) will be done by the concered State Government through bidding. • The Scheme shall be implemented on an ‘Area Approach basis’. The unit of insurance shall be Village/Village Panchayat level for major crops and for other crops it may be a unit of size above the level of Village/Village Panchayat. • The Loss assessment for crop losses due to nonpreventable natural risks will be on Area approach. • However, losses due to localised perils (Hailstorm, landslide & inundation) and Post-Harvest losses due to specified perils, (Cyclone/Cyclonic rain & Unseasonal rains) shall be assessed at the affected insured field of the individual insured farmer. • Only farmers whose data is uploaded on the National Crop Insurance Portal shall be eligible for Insurance coverage and the premium subsidy from State and Central Govt. will be released accordingly.

MONITORING BODY

• The existing State Level Co-ordination Committee on Crop Insurance (SLCCCI), Sub-Committee to SLCCCI, District Level Monitoring Committee (DLMC) shall be responsible for proper management of the Scheme.

NATIONAL CROP INSURANCE PORTAL

• In an endeavour to integrate Technology in implementation and execution of the PMFBY, the Govt. of • India has designed and developed a National Crop Insurance Portal (NCIP) • This will bring in better administration and coordination amongst stakeholders viz. Farmers, States, Insurers and Banks as well as real time dissemination of information and transparency. • Since the National Crop Insurance Portal has been conceptualised for auto administration and seamless flow of data/information/reports on real time basis, State Govt. would not be allowed to create/use separate Portal/website for Crop Insurance purposes. 56

RELATED SCHEMES a) Weather Based Crop Insurance Scheme (WBCIS)

• The structure of farmer’s premium under WBCIS will be at par with the proposed PMFBY. • The Criteria of selection of Implementing Agency and area allocation will be same as PMFBY. b) Unified Package Insurance Scheme (UPIS)

• Unified Package Insurance Scheme will be to provide financial protection & comprehensive risk coverage of crops, assets, life, and student safety to farmers. • Crop Insurance will be compulsory. However, farmers can choose atleast two section from remaining.

INTEREST SUBVENTION SCHEME FOR FARMERS • The interest subvention scheme for farmers aims at providing short term credit to farmers at subsidized interest rate. • The interest subvention will be given to Public Sector Banks (PSBs), Private Sector Banks, Cooperative Banks and Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) on use of own funds and to NABARD for refinance to RRBs and Cooperative Banks. • Interest Subvention would be available only on credit requirement for cultivation of crops and post-harvest loan components under limit of KCC. Limit towards household / consumption requirement / maintenance expenses of farm assets, term loan etc. will be outside the purview of the Interest Subvention Scheme. • Currently, besides 2% interest subvention, the farmers, on prompt repayment of crop loans on or before the due date, are also provided 3% additional interest subvention. Thus, in case of prompt payee farmers the short-term crop loans are provided at an effective interest rate of 4% per annum up Rs. 3 lakh payable within one year. • The benefit of interest subvention is extended for a period of up to six months (post-harvest) to small and marginal farmers having KCC on loan against negotiable warehouse receipts with the purpose of preventing distress sale of produce.

IMPLEMENTING by The Interest Subvention Scheme is being implemented by NABARD and RBI.

Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi . The Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare observed the 1st anniversary of the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) Scheme on 24th February. . The PM-KISAN was launched on February 24 in 2019. . All states are implementing the scheme, except West Bengal. . The PM-KISAN Mobile App developed and designed by the National Informatics Centre in collaboration with the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology has been launched. . The farmers can view the status of their application, update or carry out corrections of their Aadhaar cards and also check the history of credits to their bank accounts. . Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) is a central sector scheme that guarantees direct income support of Rs 6,000 for farmers. . Eligibility - It will be given per year to all landholder farmers‘ families in the country except, 1. All Institutional Land holders. 2. Farmer families in which one or more of its members belong to following categories, a. Former and present holders of constitutional post.

b. Former and present - Ministers/ State Ministers, M.Ps (Lok sabha& Rajya Sabha), MLAs (SLA & SLC) c. Former and present Mayors of Municipal Corporations, Chairpersons of District Panchayats. d. All serving or retired officers and employees of Central/ State Government Ministries /Offices/Departments and its field units Central or State PSEs and Attached offices /Autonomous Institutions under Government as well as regular employees of the Local Bodies. e. All superannuated/retired pensioners whose monthly pension is Rs.10,000/-or more (Excluding Multi-Tasking Staff / Class IV/Group D employees) f. All Persons who paid Income Tax in last assessment year. g. Professionals like Doctors, Engineers, Lawyers, Chartered Accountants, and Architects registered with Professional bodies and carrying out profession by undertaking practices. . The amount will be given in three installments of Rs.2000 each. . The amount will be transferred directly to the bank account of beneficiaries through Direct Benefit Transfer. DBT will ensure transparency in the entire process and will save time for the farmers. . This is to help them meet farm input and other costs during the crop season. . The programme would be made effective retrospectively from December 1, 2018. . The changes in land records after February 1, 2019 shall not be considered for this scheme. . State Government and UT Administration will identify the farmer families which are eligible for support as per scheme guidelines.

Other Features –

. The cash transfer is not linked to the land size and hence it becomes an income supplement to landowning households. . It has left the landless tenants out of its scope.

PM Kisan Maan Dhan Yojana . The Prime Minister recently launched the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maan-Dhan Yojana, & National Pension Scheme for the Traders and the Self-Employed, at an event in Ranchi. o The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Maan-Dhan Yojana (PM-KMY) aims to secure the lives of 5 crore small and marginal farmers by providing them a minimum pension of ₹3000 per month, who attains the age of 60 years. o Eligibility: All small and marginal farmers (who own cultivable land up to 2 hectares) as per the land records of the concerned State/UT and are between 18 and 40 years of age are eligible under this scheme.. o Contributions: Under PM-KMY, monthly contributions by a farmer can be made from the instalments of Pradhan Mantri-Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) or through Common Service Centres (CSCs). . The National Pension Scheme for the Traders and the Self-Employed aims at providing a minimum assured pension of ₹ 3000 per month, to small traders and self-employed individuals after they attain the age of 60 years.

. Around 3 crore small traders would be benefitted from this scheme. . Traders and self-employed persons in the age group of 18-40 years are eligible to join the scheme. 58

. The monthly contribution under the scheme is of ₹ 55 to ₹ 200, depending on the age of the applicant. . The self-employed shop owners, retail owners and other traders having an annual turnover of less than ₹ 1.5 crores will only be able to join the scheme. . Any person making a contribution to Employees’ Provident Fund Organisation (EPFO), Employees' State Insurance Corporation (ESIC), National Pension System (NPS), Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-dhan (PM-SYM), and/or paying income tax is not eligible for the scheme. . Central Government will contribute equally to the beneficiary‘s contribution. . The pension fund is managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC). . Farmers can also allow contribution to be made directly from the benefits drawn from the PM- KISAN scheme. . The beneficiary may exit from the scheme voluntarily or on failure of contribution or on demise. . The beneficiaries may opt voluntarily to exit the Scheme after a minimum period of 5 years of regular contributions. . On exit, only their contribution shall be returned by LIC with an interest equivalent to

i. Prevailing saving bank rates (within 10 years)

ii. Either accumulated interest actually earned by the Pension Fund or the interest at the savings bank interest rate , whichever is higher.

. The spouse is also eligible to get a separate pension of Rs.3000/- upon making separate contributions to the Fund. . On the death of the subscriber during the period of contribution, the spouse shall have the option of continuing the Scheme by paying regular contribution. . If the spouse does not wish to continue, the total contribution made by the farmer along with interest will be paid to spouse. . If there is no spouse, then total contribution along with interest will be paid to the nominee. . If the farmer during the receipt of pension, the spouse or heir shall be entitled to receive 50% of the pension as family pension, provided he/she is not already an SMF beneficiary of the Scheme. . After the death of both the farmer and the spouse, the accumulated corpus shall be credited back to the Pension Fund. . Exception – The beneficiary should not be covered under any other statuary social security schemes and it includes exceptions under PM-KISAN scheme. . It aims to cover around 3 crores Small and Marginal Farmers. . The initial enrollment to the Scheme is being done through the Common Service Centres in various states.

National Bamboo Mission . Restructured National Bamboo Mission launched by the Government envisages promoting holistic growth of bamboo sector by adopting area-based,regionally differentiated strategy and to increase the area under bamboo cultivation and marketing. . Under the Mission, steps have been taken to increase the availability of quality planting material by supporting the setting up of new nurseries and strengthening of existing ones. . To address forward integration, the Mission is taking steps to strengthen marketing of bamboo products,especially those of handicraft items. . Recently the Government relaxed the restrictions on harvesting, transit and trade of bamboo in non-forest areas to boost the bamboo economy across the country. . Further, the Government has allocated $200 million in the 2018 Budget to provide new impetus to the bamboo sector, with huge support to the North-Eastern States. 59

. The Mission would adopt the following strategies, 1. Development of bamboo in limited States where it has social, commercial and economical advantage 2. Production of genetically superior planting material 3. Adoption of end to end solution. 4. Capacity building. 5. Set up National, State and sub-State level structures, to ensure adequate returns and eliminate middlemen . For popularizing use of bamboo & bamboo-based products, seminars, conferences, awareness campaign at National, State & District Levels and also through print and electronic media are organised under the restructured NBM.

Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA) . A new umbrella scheme which will provide Minimum Support Price assurance to farmers.

. Aimed at ensuring remunerative prices to the farmers for their produce as announced in the Union Budget for 2018.

. The increase in MSP can improve farmer’s income by strengthening procurement mechanism in coordination with the State Governments.

Price Support Scheme (PSS)

• Central nodal agencies will procure pulses, oilseeds and copra with proactive role of state governments.

• The Food Corporation of India (FCI) and the National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India (NAFED) will help implement the scheme.

• The procurement expenditure and losses due to procurement will be borne by Central Government as per norms.

• The government will procure 25% of the marketable surplus of farmers for eligible crops.

• The Centre has made a provision of about Rs 16,000 crores to be provided as bank guarantee for the agencies to procure from farmers.

Price Deficiency Payment Scheme (PDPS)

. The state will provide the difference the prices prevailing in mandis and the MSP.

. All oil-seeds are to be covered under PDPS.

. Modelled on the Bhawantar Bhugtan Yojana that has been implemented by the Madhya Pradesh state government as well as Bhavantar Bharpai Yojana of Haryana Government.

. There will be no physical procurement of crops.

Pilot of Private Procurement & Stockist Scheme (PPPS)

. In lieu of PSS and PDPS, in certain pilot districts the PPPS will be tried out.

. Private agencies will procure oilseeds in coordination with the government.

. The selected private agency shall procure the commodity at MSP in the notified markets during the notified period from the registered farmers in consonance with the PPSS Guidelines, whenever the prices in the market fall below the notified MSP and whenever authorized by the state/UT government.

NAFED • National Agricultural Cooperative marketing Federation of India (NAFED) was established in 1958. • It is registered under the Multi State Co-Operative Societies act. • Its objective is to promote co-operative marketing of agricultural produce to benefit the farmers.

FCI • The Food Corporation of India was set up under the Food Corporation's Act 1964, with the following objectives - 1. Effective price support operations for safeguarding the interests of the farmers 2. Distribution of food grains throughout the country for public distribution system 3. Maintaining satisfactory level of operational and buffer stocks of food grains to ensure National Food Security

Krishi Kalyan Abhiyan • To aid, assist and advise farmers to improve their farming techniques and increase their incomes. • Krishi kalyan Abhiyaan will be undertaken in 25 Villages with more than 1000 population each in Aspirational Districts identified in consultation with Ministry of Rural Development as per directions of NITI Ayog. • In districts where number of villages (with more than 1000 population) is less than 25, all villages will be covered. • The overall coordination and implementation in the 25 villages of a district is being done by Krishi Vigyan Kendra of that district.

Various activities to promote best practices are being undertaken under this plan such as:

• Distribution of Soil Health Cards to all farmers • 100% coverage of bovine vaccination for Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in each village • 100% coverage of Sheep and Goat for eradication of Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) also known as sheep and goat plague • Distribution of Mini Kits of pulses and oilseeds to all • Distribution of Horticulture/Agro Forestry/Bamboo plant @ 5 per family(location appropriate) • Making 100 NADAP Pits in each village • Artificial insemination saturation, Demonstration programmes on Micro- irrigation • Demonstrations of integrated cropping practice

Green Revolution - Krishonnati Yojana • Recently Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs gave its approval for the Umbrella Scheme, "Green Revolution – Krishonnati Yojana". • The scheme was approved beyond the 12th five year plan for the period from 2017-18 to 2019- 20.

Krishonnati Yojana

• The green revolution Krishonnati Yojana in 2005 to boost the agriculture sector.

• Government through the scheme plans to develop the agriculture and allied sector in a holistic & scientific manner to increase the income of farmer. • The scheme looks to enhance agricultural production, productivity and better returns on produce.

It comprises of 11 schemes and mission under a single umbrella scheme:

1. Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)

. It aims to promote holistic growth of horticulture sector; to enhance horticulture production, improve nutritional security and income support to farm Households.

2. National Food Security Mission (NFSM)

• It aims to increase production of rice, wheat, pulses, coarse cereals and commercial crops, through area expansion and productivity enhancement. • It will work toward restoring soil fertility and productivity at the individual farm level and enhancing farm level economy. • It further aims to augment the availability of vegetable oils and to reduce the import of edible oils.

3. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)

. NMSA aims at promoting sustainable agriculture practices best suitable to the specific agro- ecology focusing on integrated farming, appropriate soil health management and synergizing resource conservation technology.

4. Submission on Agriculture Extension (SMAE)

• SMAE aims at achieving food and nutritional security and socio-economic empowerment of farmers. • To forge effective linkages and synergy amongst various stake-holders and to promote pervasive and innovative use of electronic / print media, inter-personal communication and ICT tools, etc.

5. Sub-Mission on Seeds and Planting Material (SMSP)

• SMSP aims to increase production of certified/quality seed • Strengthen the seed multiplication chain and modernizing infrastructure for seed production, storage, certification and quality etc. • Promoting new technologies and methodologies in seed production, processing, testing etc.

6. Sub-Mission on Agricultural Mechanization (SMAM)

• SMAM aims to increase the reach of farm mechanization to small and marginal farmers and to the regions where availability of farm power is low. • It will promote ‘Custom Hiring Centers’ to offset the adverse economies of scale arising due to small landholding and high cost of individual ownership. • It will create hubs for hi-tech and high value farm equipment and create awareness among stakeholders through demonstration and capacity building activities.

7. Sub-Mission on Plant Protection and Plan Quarantine (SMPPQ)

• SMPPQ aims to minimize loss to quality and yield of agricultural crops from the ravages of insect pests, diseases, weeds, nematodes, rodents, etc.

• It will ensure agricultural bio-security from the incursions and spread of alien species facilitating exports of Indian agricultural commodities to global markets. • Promote good agricultural practices, particularly with respect to plant protection strategies and strategies.

8. Integrated Scheme on Agriculture Census, Economics and Statistics (ISACES)

• It aims to undertake the agriculture census, study of the cost of cultivation of principal crops, to undertake research studies on agro-economic problems of the country. • It seeks to improve agricultural statistics methodology and create a hierarchical information system on crop condition and crop production from sowing to harvest.

9. Integrated Scheme on Agricultural Cooperation (ISAC)

• It aims to provide financial assistance for improving the economic conditions of cooperatives, remove regional imbalances and to speed up cooperative development. • The scheme will particularly help cotton growers fetch remunerative price for their produce through value addition besides ensuring supply of quality yarn at reasonable rates to the decentralized weavers.

10. Integrated Scheme on Agricultural Marketing (ISAM)

• ISAM aims to develop agricultural marketing infrastructure; • Promote innovative and latest technologies and competitive alternatives in agriculture marketing infrastructure. • Provide infrastructure facilities for grading, standardization and quality certification of agricultural produce. • It aims to establish a nationwide marketing information network and integrate markets through a common online market platform to facilitate pan-India trade in agricultural commodities, etc.

11. National e-Governance Plan in Agriculture (NeGP-A)

• It aims to bring farmer centricity & service orientation to the programs. • Improving access of farmers to information & services throughout crop-cycle. • It looks to enhance efficiency & effectiveness of programs by giving timely and relevant information to the farmers for increasing their agriculture productivity.

In 2017-18, it has been decided to club all these schemes / missions under one umbrella scheme 'Green Revolution - Krishonnati Yojana'. All these schemes/missions were appraised and approved independently as separate scheme/mission.

Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North East Region • MOVCDNER (2015-16 to 2017-18) is a Central Sector Scheme that seeks to capitalise on the organic farming potential of North-East India. • A sub-mission under National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA), for implementation in the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim and Tripura, during the 12th plan period • Development of certified organic production in a value chain mode to link growers with consumers and to support the development of entire value chain starting from inputs, seeds, certification, to the creation of facilities for collection, aggregation, processing, marketing and brand building initiative

Mission objectives

 To develop crop commodity specific organic value chain and address gaps in organic crop production, wild crop harvesting, organic livestock management and processing handling and marketing of organic agricultural products through:

1. Developing crop specific organic production clusters with necessary infrastructural, technical and financial support 2. By facilitating partnerships between farmers and organic businesses: Local enterprises and/or Farmer Producer Companies based on back-to-back long-term trade relations with clients in domestic and export markets. 3. By providing enabling environment for project initiatives and development programs with necessary support for organic value chain development and create market access.

• To empower producers with program ownership by organizing them into farmer producer organizations/ companies. • To replace conventional farming/subsistence farming system into local resource based, self- sustainable, high value commercial organic enterprise. • Developing commodity specific commercial organic value chain under integrated and concentrated approach with end-to-end facilities for production, processing, storage and marketing. • Development of organic parks/zones with facilities for collection, aggregation, value addition, processing, storage and market-linkages for specific commodities requiring capital intensive technology. • Develop NER products as brands/labels through brand building and facilitating stronger marketing access under the ownership of growers organizations/ companies. • Creating state specific lead agency (Organic Commodity Board or Organic Mission) for coordinating, monitoring, supporting and financing the development and operationalization of entire value chain. • To make Northeastern states as major suppliers of organic commodities for national and international markets

Soil Health Card Scheme • On 5th December 2015 the ministry of agriculture introduced the soil health card (SHC) scheme in Rajasthan. • The aim is to provide Soil Health Card to all 120 million farm holdings by Dec, 2017. • In the first phase of the scheme (2015-17), 100 million SHC have been distributed. • The second phase began on May 1, 2017, and will continue for the year 2017 to 2019. • SHC is a printed report which contains nutrient status of soil with respect to 12 nutrients: pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Organic Carbon (OC), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Sulphur (S), Zinc (Zn), Boron (B), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu) of farm holdings. • SHC will be provided to all farmers in the country at an interval of 3 years to enable the farmers to apply recommended doses of nutrients based on soil test values to realize improved and sustainable soil health and fertility, low costs and higher profits. • Soil health card is field-specific detailed report of soil fertility status and other important soil parameters that affect crop productivity. • Accordingly, the fund sharing pattern would be 90:10 for North Eastern and Himalayan States and 60:40 for other states and 100% borne by central government in UTs.

Objectives

• To improve soil quality and profitability of farmers. • Employment generation for rural youth. • To update information on soil analysis. • To provide soil testing facilities to farmers at their doorstep.

About Soil Health Card

• The cropped area was divided into grids of 10 ha for rainfed and 2.5 ha for irrigated and taken only one soil sample from each grid and test results will be distributed to all the farmers whose area was falling under the grid. • Soil samples are processed through standard procedures and analyzed for various parameters namely pH, electrical conductivity (EC), Organic Carbon (OC), available N, P, K, S and micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn & B). • The State Government will collect samples through the staff of their Department of Agriculture or through the staff of an outsourced agency. The State Government may also involve the students of local Agriculture/Science Colleges. • Soil Samples are collected generally two times in a year, after harvesting of Rabi and Kharif Crop respectively or when there is no standing crop in the field.

Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) • It was launched in 2016. • It provides a comprehensive insurance cover against failure of the crop thus helping in stabilising the income of the farmers. • Scope: All food & oilseed crops and annual commercial/horticultural crops for which past yield data is available. • Premium: The prescribed premium is 2% to be paid by farmers for all Kharif crops and 1.5% for all rabi crops. In the case of annual commercial and horticultural crops, the premium is 5%. • The scheme is compulsory for loanee farmers availing Crop Loan /Kisan Credit Card (KCC) account for notified crops and voluntary for others. • There is no upper limit on the government subsidy i.e the difference between premium and insurance charges paid by the farmer. • Implemented by empanelled general insurance companies. The selection of the Implementing Agency (IA) is done by the concerned State Government through bidding. • Losses covered - Non-Preventable risk such as Natural Fire, Storm, Hailstorm, Cyclone and Inundation has also been included as a localized calamity. Post-Harvest losses also covered. • A cluster approach will be adopted under which a group of districts with variable risk profile will be allotted to an insurance company • Use of Remote Sensing Technology, Smart phones & Drones for quick estimation of crop losses to ensure early settlement of claims. • Concerns - The shortcomings in the design of the PMFBY include - i. The involvement of banks in the mandatory insurance of the crops grown by borrower farmers ii. The assessment of damages on the basis of average crop loss in a given contiguous area rather than in the farmer‘s field • The banks usually adjust the compensation amount against the loans without the consent or knowledge of the farmers.

Features NAIS MNAIS PMFBY

Premium rates Low High Lower than even NAIS

One Season – One Yes No Yes Premium

Insurance Amount cover Full Capped Full

Localized Risk coverage No Hail storm Land slide Hail storm, Land slide Inundation

Post-Harvest Losses No Coastal areas - for Coastal areas - for cyclonic coverage cyclonic rain rain and seasonal rain

Use of Technology Yes Intended Mandatory

• Maharashtra has become the first state in the country to integrate its land records with the web portal of the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY). • This will help in checking the cases of “over-insurance” — insurance of more land than in possession — as well as insurance of ineligible people. • Maharashtra also counts itself among the top five states in the country in terms of payment of claims under the PMFBY. • During the financial year 2018-19, the state had 1.39 crore farmers opting for the scheme and the total premium collected was Rs 4,778.30 crore.

Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana • Traditional farming improvement programme was launched in 2015. • It is an extended component of Soil Health Management (SHM) under the Centrally Sponsored Scheme (CSS), National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA). • Supporting and promoting organic farming, reduction in dependence on fertilizers and agricultural chemicals, in turn, resulting in improvement of the soil health while increasing the yields. Organic food, thus produced will be linked with modern marketing tools and local markets. • The revamped PKVY promotes organic farming through the adoption of organic village by cluster approach and Participatory Guarantee System of certification. • Funding pattern under the scheme is in the ratio of 60:40 by the Central and State Governments respectively. In case of North Eastern and the Himalayan States, Central Assistance is provided in the ratio of 90:10 (Centre: State) and for Union Territories, the assistance is 100%. • The objective is to produce agricultural products free from chemicals and pesticides residues by adopting eco- friendly, low- cost technologies. Key Thrust areas of PKVY in promoting organic farming include the following: • Promote organic farming among rural youth/ farmers/ consumers/ traders • Disseminate latest technologies in organic farming • Utilize the services of experts from public agricultural research system in India • Organize a minimum of one cluster demonstration in a village

Implementation of the programme:

• PKVY is being implemented by the Organic Farming cell of the Integrated Nutrient Management (Division) of Department of Agriculture; Cooperation and Farmers Welfare (DAC&FW)

• At the State level, State Department of Agriculture and Cooperation has been implementing the scheme with the involvement of Regional Councils that are registered under PGS- India Certification Programme • At the district level, the Regional Councils (RCs) within the district anchor the implementation of PKVY.

Electronic National Agriculture Market • E-NAM (National Agriculture Market) is an online trading platform for agriculture produce aiming to help farmers, traders, and buyers with online trading and getting a better price by smooth marketing. • It was launched by the Centre in 2015 and the government had to extend it in a phased manner across the 585 mandis of the country by December 31, 2019.

NAM has the following advantages:

1. For the farmers, NAM promises more options for sale. It would increase his access to markets through warehouse based sales and thus obviate the need to transport his produce to the mandi. 2. For the local trader in the mandi / market, NAM offers the opportunity to access a larger national market for secondary trading. 3. Bulk buyers, processors, exporters etc. benefit from being able to participate directly in trading at the local mandi / market level through the NAM platform, thereby reducing their intermediation costs. 4. The gradual integration of all the major mandis in the States into NAM will ensure common procedures for issue of licences, levy of fee and movement of produce. 5. The NAM will also facilitate the emergence of value chains in major agricultural commodities across the country and help to promote scientific storage and movement of agri goods.

Participatory Guarantee Scheme

• The head of India’s food safety regulator has said that she expects the Union Agriculture Ministry’s Participatory Guarantee Scheme (PGS) to incentivise more farmers to grow organic food. 1. Union Agriculture Ministry’s PGS is a process of certifying organic products, which ensures that their production takes place in accordance with laid-down quality standards. 2. The certification is in the form of a documented logo or a statement. 3. According to the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM), the Bonn-based global umbrella organisation for the organic agriculture movement, PGSs are “locally focused quality assurance systems” that “certify producers based on active participation of stakeholders and are built on a foundation of trust, social networks and knowledge exchange”.

Advantages of PGS:

1. Procedures are simple, documents are basic, and farmers understand the local language used. 2. All members live close to each other and are known to each other. As practising organic farmers themselves, they understand the processes well. 3. Because peer appraisers live in the same village, they have better access to surveillance; peer appraisal instead of third-party inspections also reduces costs 4. Mutual recognition and support between regional PGS groups ensures better networking for processing and marketing. 67

5. Unlike the grower group certification system, PGS offers every farmer individual certificates, and the farmer is free to market his own produce independent of the group.

However, the operational manual also identifies some limitations of PGS:

1. PGS certification is only for farmers or communities that can organise and perform as a group within a village or a cluster of continguous villages, and is applicable only to farm activities such as crop production, processing, and livestock rearing, and off-farm processing “by PGS farmers of their direct products”.

2. Individual farmers or group of farmers smaller than five members are not covered under PGS. They either have to opt for third party certification or join the existing PGS local group.

Small Farmer's Agriculture-Business Consortium

• Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) has signed an MoU with the Small Farmers Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC) to have a better sync with their activities for the benefit of farmers.

1. As per the MoU, both organisations will work towards capacity development, outreach programs, awareness programs and workshops of various stakeholders. 2. APEDA will facilitate the certification of organic produce/areas by the FPCs assisted or identified by SFAC.

About SFAC:

• The Government established Small Farmers’ Agri-Business Consortium (SFAC) as a Society in January 1994 to facilitate agri-business ventures by catalysing private investment through Venture Capital Assistance (VCA) Scheme in close association with financial institutions. • The role of State SFACs is to aggressively promote agribusiness project development in their respective States. • Management: The Society is governed by Board of Management which is chaired, ex-officio, by Hon’ble Union Minister for Agriculture and Farmers Welfare as the President and the Secretary, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare, Government of India, is the ex- officio Vice-President.

The main functions of SFAC are:

1. Promotion of development of small agribusiness through VCA scheme. 2. Helping formation and growth of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs) / Farmer Producer Companies (FPCs). 3. Improving availability of working capital and development of business activities of FPOs/FPCs through Equity Grant and Credit Guarantee Fund Scheme. 4. Implementation of National Agriculture Market (e-NAM) Electronic Trading platform.

Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority:

1. It is an authority established under an act of Parliament and under the administrative control of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India. 2. It has been mandated with the responsibility of export promotion and development of the scheduled products viz. fruits, vegetables, meat products, dairy products, alcoholic and non- alcoholic beverages etc. 68

3. APEDA has also been entrusted with the responsibility to monitor import of sugar.

National Food Security Mission

Major components of NFSM

1. National Food Security Mission – Rice (NFSM-Rice) 2. National Food Security Mission – Wheat (NFSM-Wheat) 3. National Food Security Mission – Pulses (NFSM-Pulses) 4. National Food Security Mission – Coarse cereals (NFSM-Coarse cereals) 5. National Food Security Mission – Nutri cereals (NFSM- Nutri cereals) 6. National Food Security Mission – Commercial crops (NFSM-Commercial crops) 7. National Food Security Mission – Oilseeds and Oilpalm (NFSM-Oilseeds) 8. National Food Security Mission – Seed village programme • Increasing production of rice, wheat, pulses, and coarse cereals through area expansion and productivity enhancement in a sustainable manner in the identified districts of the country • Restoring soil fertility and productivity at the individual farm level • Enhancing farm level economy (i.e. farm profits) to restore confidence amongst the farmers

Strategy

• Focus on low productivity and high potential districts including cultivation of food grain crops in rainfed areas. • Implementation of cropping system-centric interventions in a Mission mode approach through active engagement of all the stakeholders at various levels. • Agro-climatic zone wise planning and cluster approach for crop productivity enhancement. • Focus on pulse production through the utilization of rice fallow, rice bunds and intercropping of pulses with coarse cereals, oilseeds and commercial crops (sugarcane, cotton, jute). • Promotion and extension of improved technologies i.e., seed, integrated nutrient management (INM) including micronutrients, soil amendments, integrated pest management (IPM), input use efficiency and resource conservation technologies along with the capacity building of the farmers/extension functionaries. • Close monitoring of the flow of funds to ensure timely reach of interventions to the target beneficiaries. • Integration of various proposed interventions and targets with the district plan of each identified district. • Constant monitoring and concurrent evaluation by the implementing agencies for assessing the impact of the interventions for a result-oriented approach. • Funding From the year 2015-16, the mission is being implemented on 60:40 sharing pattern between Centre and State Governments and on 90:10 sharing pattern between Centre and Northeastern & 3 Hill states

Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana

Main objectives are -

1. Extending the coverage of irrigation 2. Improving water use efficiency

. PMKSY is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme (Core Scheme) launched in 2015. Centre- States will be 75:25 per cent. In the case of the north-eastern region and hilly states, it will be 90:10.

• Convergence of investments in irrigation at the field level, • To expand the cultivable area under assured irrigation (Har Khet ko pani), • To improve on-farm water use efficiency to reduce wastage of water, • To enhance the adoption of precision-irrigation and other water saving technologies (More crop per drop), • To enhance recharge of aquifers and introduce sustainable water conservation practices by exploring the feasibility of reusing treated municipal based water for peri-urban agriculture and attract greater private investment in a precision irrigation system. . End to end solution on source creation, distribution, management, field application and extension activities. . It is formulated by amalgamating ongoing schemes . Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP) - Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation (MoWR,RD&GR). . Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP) - Department of Land Resources (DoLR), Ministry of Rural Developement. . On Farm Water Management (OFWM) - Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC). . Implementation - Decentralised manner through State Irrigation Plan and District Irrigation Plan. . Micro Irrigation Fund - The fund was set up with an initial corpus of Rs. 5,000 crore under the scheme with NABARD. . NABARD will extend the loan to State Governments to mobilise resources to achieve the annual target of about 2 million ha/year during the remaining period of 14th Finance commission. . It would supplement the efforts of Per Drop More Crop Component (PDMC) of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana.

National Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture

 Launched in 2011 Indian Council of Agricultural Research

The mega project has three major objectives of

 strategic research,

 technology demonstrations and

 capacity building

Its aims to make farmers self-reliant by use of climate resilient agricultural technologies and management of natural and manmade resources for sustaining agriculture in the era of climate change.

It has four components:

1. Strategic research on adaptation and mitigation, 2. Technology demonstration to cope with current climate variability in 100 vulnerable districts, 3. Capacity Building 4. Sponsored competitive research to fill critical gaps.

Krishi Vigyan Kendras

The 11th National Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) Conference was held in New Delhi. 70

 KVK is an integral part of the National Agricultural Research System (NARS). The first KVK was established in 1974 at Puducherry.  The mandate of KVK is technology assessment and demonstration for its application and capacity development.  It aims at assessment of location specific technology modules in agriculture and allied enterprises, through technology assessment, refinement and demonstrations.  KVKs also produce quality technological products (seed, planting material, bio-agents, and livestock) and make it available to farmers.  The KVK scheme is 100% financed by the Government of India and the KVKs are sanctioned to Agricultural Universities, ICAR institutes, related Government Departments and Non- Government Organizations (NGOs) working in Agriculture.  KVKs act as a bridge between the laboratories and farmland. According to the Government, these are crucial to fulfilling the target of doubling farmers’ income by 2022.

Developments in Agriculture

 R&D has been done in the Agriculture sector.  Superior crop varieties have been released. (Eg;-Wheat: HD 4728 (Pusa Malvi))  171 mobile apps developed for farmers. (Eg:-Kisan Suvidha)  More than three lakh Common Service Centres (CSCs) opened.  eNAM portal has been created so that the farmer gets a better price for his produce.

Mera Gaon - Mera Gaurav

 The scheme envisages scientists to select villages and provide information to the farmers on technical and other related aspects.  It includes scientist functioning at the various centers and institutes of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and working with state agricultural universities.  They may function with the help of KVKs and Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA)  The “Mera Gaon Mera Gaurav” has been conceptualized in which scientists of ICAR and Agricultural Universities will identify villages in the vicinity of the Institutions for providing advisories and consultations to farmers for increasing farm productivity and production.

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana -RAFTAAR

 The scheme facilitated decentralized planning in the agricultural sector through the initiation of the State Agriculture Plan (SAP) and District Agriculture Plans (DAPs).  Based on the agro-climatic conditions ensuring the availability of appropriate technology and natural resources thus providing accommodation for the local needs.

The main objective of Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana is to develop farming as a main source of economic activity. Some of the objectives also include:

 Risk mitigation, strengthening the efforts of the farmers along with promoting agri-business entrepreneurship through the creation of agri-infrastructure.  Providing all the states with autonomy and flexibility in making plans as per their local needs.  Helping farmers in increasing their income by encouraging productivity and promoting value chain addition linked production models.  To reduce the risk of farmers by focusing on increasing the income generation through mushroom cultivation, integrated farming, floriculture, etc.  Empowering the youth through various skill development, innovation and agri-business models. 71

Scheme is responsible for planning and executing programmes for incentivising investment in agriculture by providing the states considerable flexibility and autonomy. This scheme became successful in increasing the agricultural state domestic product and promoting agri-entrepreneurship. Some of the useful significances of the RKVY Scheme are as follows:

1. Incentivising all the states of India in enhancing more allocation to agricultural and allied sectors. 2. RKVY helps in creating the post-harvest infrastructure required for the growth of agriculture along with strengthening the efforts of the farmers by providing market facilities. 3. It will help in the promotion of private investment in the farm sector across the nation.

Some of the major sub-schemes that are implemented under RKVY-Raftaar are Accelerated Fodder Development Programme (AFDP), Saffron Mission, Crop Diversification Programme (CDP) etc.

The RKVY – Raftaar covers all the major sectors of the country which include:

 Crop Cultivation and Horticulture  Animal Husbandry and Fisheries  Dairy Development, Agricultural Research and Education  Forestry and Wildlife  Plantation and Agricultural Marketing  Food Storage and Warehousing  Soil and Water Conservation  Agricultural Financial Institutions, other Agricultural Programmes and Cooperation.

Pandit Deendayal Upadhyay Unnat Krishi Shiksha Scheme  Scheme launched in the year 2016 to promote agricultural education under which 100 centres are being opened with a fund of Rs.5.35 crore.  Opening of new Universities and Colleges are being done to promote agriculture education.  Attracting and retaining youth in Agriculture (ARYA)‖ is a project sanctioned by the Indian Council of Agriculture (ICAR) and is being implemented at Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVKs). e-RaKAM

 The government on Aug 1, 2017 launched a portal, e-RaKAM, to provide a platform to sell agricultural produce.  The portal is a joint initiative by state-run-auctioneer MSTC and Central Warehousing Corporation arm CRWC.  Launching the portal with Steel Minister Chaudhary Birender Singh, Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution Minister Ram Vilas Paswan said aim was to auction 20 lakh tonnes of pulses in the first phase through the platform.  The initial hurdles will be there as most of the farmers are illiterate and are in bad condition, Paswan said, as per a joint statement issued by MSTC and CRWC.  It added that now various crops whose price increases due to rainfall or bad weather conditions, will be managed and get the market.  He said even transport will face initial hurdles that will be sorted out over time.  E-RaKAM is a first-of-its-kind initiative that leverages technology to connect farmers of the smallest villages to the biggest markets of the world through internet and e-RaKAM centres.  E-RaKAM is developed by MSTC Limited and supported by marketing & logistics partner CRWC Limited.

 E-RaKAM is a digital initiative bringing together the farmers, FPOs, PSUs, civil supplies and buyers on a single platform to ease the selling and buying process of agricultural products.  Under this initiative, e-RaKAM centres are being developed in a phased manner throughout the country to facilitate farmers for online sale of their produce.  The statement said farmers would be paid through e-Payment directly into their bank accounts.  The farmers would get the payment for their products directly into their bank accounts without any intermediaries.  CWRC, a subsidiary of the Central Warehousing Corporation Ltd, will provide logistics support for sellers and buyers in case they need it.

National Programme on use of Space Technology for Agriculture

 NPSTA is a proposed programme which envisages integrated use of Space and Geospatial Tools for Mapping, Monitoring and Management of Agriculture.  The following programmes will be subsumed under this. They are a) Project FASAL (for crop forecasting), b) Project NADAMS (for drought assessment), c) Project CHAMAN (for horticultural assessment and development), d) Project KISAN (for crop insurance) and Crop Intensification planning  The programme will have four sub-programmes such as 1. Crop Assessment & Monitoring, 2. Agricultural Resources Management, 3. Disaster Monitoring and Mitigation, 4. Satellite Communication and Navigation Applications.  The programme will have four sub-programmes such as Crop Assessment & Monitoring, Agricultural Resources Management, Disaster Monitoring and Mitigation, Satellite Communication and Navigation Applications.

Project CHAMAN

 CHAMAN carries out mapping of area and output of 7 horticultural crops in 12 states.  The Geo-Spatial Studies would be conducted in all major states of the country and remote sensing technology would be extended to other horticulture crops in future, giving a boost to horticulture in India.  It can help horticulture sector provide nutrient-rich crops to the people and thus ensuring food and nutritional security to all people.  It creates a digital inventory of all horticultural zones in the country.  It can help in identifying areas of high Post-harvest losses which can be reduced by creation of desired Post Harvest Infrastructures like cold storages. It will help in deciding the cold storage hubs.  It will help manage inflation by providing accurate data of food stocks.

Mission Fingerling

It is a programme to enable holistic development and management of fisheries sector in India. The mission aims to achieve the target to enhance fisheries production from 10.79 mmt (2014-15) to 15 mmt by 2020-21 under the Blue Revolution.

 Government has identified 20 States based on their potential and other relevant factors to strengthen the Fish Fingerling production and Fish Seed infrastructure in the country.  This program will facilitate the establishment of Fingerling rearing pond and hatcheries.

 This will converge in the production of 20 lakh tonnes of fish annually, which will in turn benefit about 4 million families.  The implementation of this program will supplement the requirement of stocking materials in the country up to a large extent, which is a much needed input to achieve the enhanced fish production.

Har Medh Par Ped

 Agro forestry is being promoted for supplementing farm income, increase risk management and climate resilient agriculture as an important component of Integrated Farming Systems.  Government is promoting tree-based farming for maximizing farm returns and providing sustainable livelihood to farmers, which include ;

i) Sub-Mission on Agroforestry was launched in 2016-17 to encourage tree plantation on farm land “Har Medh Par Ped”, along with crops/ cropping system. There is a provision for financial assistance for nursery development and plantation in farm land which will help the farmer get additional income and make their farming system more climate resilient and adaptive. ii) National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil Palm (NMOOP), a sub component of National Food Security Mission supports plantation, maintenance and inter cropping with Tree Borne Oilseeds (TBOs) eg. Olive, neem, karanja, Mahua, etc. iii) Restructured National Bamboo Mission (NBM) was launched in 2018-19 for development of complete value chain, including plantations in non-forest Government land and private farmers field and connecting growers to the market.

National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture

 It is one of the major missions of the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC). Change in agricultural practices also plays a crucial role in the mitigation of climate change effects. This mission tries to comprehensively revamp the agricultural practices so that the desired objectives of the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC’s) can be achieved. 1. Steps would be taken to promote a combined system of farming which would encompass the following  Covering all the varieties of crops  Livestock farming and Fisheries  To give an extra impetus to the scope of livelihood, there will be a focus on plantations and pasture-based composite farming. 2. Mitigate the risks associated with failure of crops through supplementary or residual production systems. 3. Give thrust to the adoption of technologies which will help in protecting resources during extended spells of dry seasons or droughts or during heavy floods caused by excess rains. 4. Promote new water management techniques that will help in effective and optimum utilisation of water resources. 5. Promoting better agronomic techniques for  Higher productivity in farms  Better soil conservation  Better soils water holding capacity  Optimum utilisation of energy and chemicals  Higher soil carbon storage 6. Database on soil through  Survey of Land use pattern 74

 By researching the profile of soil  Using GIS technology for Soil analysis  To help adopt location and soil specific crop management practices and optimise fertilizer use. 7. Promotion of nutrient practices based on location and crop type for  Enhancing the health of the soil  Increasing productivity of crops  Enhance the quality and protect the land resources and water resources 8. Collaborating with institutions and the domain experts of the respective field to develop climate change mitigation techniques for specific agro-climatic conditions. 9. Co-ordination, converging and utilising investments from other schemes/missions like MGNREGS, Mission for integrated development of horticulture (MIDH), RKVY, National Food Security Mission, IWMP. National Mission for Agriculture Extension and Technology (NMAE&T) etc.

The 4 major programmes of NMSA

1. Rainfed Area Development (RAD)  Develops an area-based approach for development and conservation of natural resources along with farming systems. It is a combination of various aspects of agriculture such as crops, fishery, livestock, horticulture, forestry and other agro-based activities which will act as a source of generating revenue.  Implement practices that will regulate soil nutrient based on soil health card, development of farming lands.  Using an approach that is a cluster-based, with an area of 100 hectares or more  Develop new property resources which would be common, like a bank for grains, fodder, shredders for biomass, combined marketing initiative.

2. On-Farm Water Management (OFWM)  The primary focus is optimum utilisation of water by promoting advanced on-farm water conservation equipment and technologies.  Emphasize on efficient harvesting and management of rainwater.  Water conservation on the farm itself by digging farm ponds utilising funds from MGNREGA mission.

3. Soil Health Management  Promote sustainable practices which preserve the health of soil based on a specific location and the type of crops that could be grown in those locations by taking the help of various techniques like management of residue, organic farming by making new maps with details on soil fertility and linking them with macro-management and micromanagement of nutrients, optimum land use, right utilisation of fertilisers and reducing degradation & erosion of soil.  Use of thematic maps generated with the help of Geographical Information System (GIS) technology and the databases created on soil and land with the help of scientific surveys.  State Government, Soil and land Use Survey of India (SLUSI), National Centre of Organic Farming (NCOF), Central Fertilizer Quality Control and Training Institute (CFQC&TI).

4. Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture: Monitoring, Modeling and Networking (CCSAMMN)  Create and disseminate knowledge and updated information on climate change.  Support pilot blocks for spreading rainfed technologies and co-ordinate with other schemes or missions like MGNREGS, NFSM, RKVY, IWMP, Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Program (AIBP), NMAET.

Regulations for successful implementation of the mission

1. Ministry of Environment and Forests have made a set of guidelines to ease out the regulatory regime for the following  Harvesting  Transit of agroforestry species 2. Development of comprehensive agriculture policy, National Agroforestry Policy 2014, which is expected to facilitate the agroforestry practices amongst the states. 3. Regulatory framework of CAMPA will oversee the allocation, disbursement and utilization of funds under the programme.

DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY AND DAIRYING

Rashtriya Gokul Mission

 The mission is launched for conservation and development of indigenous breeds in a focused and scientific manner.  Government has sanctioned funds under Rashtriya Gokul Mission for setting up of 21 Gokul Grams as Integrated Cattle Development Centres.  As of now, 4 Gokul grams (Varanasi, Mathura, Patiala, and Phora) have been completed and work is under progress in remaining 17 Gokul grams.

 Rashtriya Gokul Mission comprises of two components namely: 1. The national program for bovine breeding and National mission for bovine productivity. 2. Underlying objectives of the Mission:

 Development and conservation of indigenous breeds in a focused and scientific manner.  Undertake breed improvement program for indigenous cattle breeds so as to improve the genetic makeup and increase the stock.  Enhance milk production and productivity.  Distribute disease free high genetic merit bulls for natural service.

Significant initiatives under Rashtriya Gokul Mission:

. Awards for encouraging farmers/breeder societies to rear Indigenous breeds of bovines:

 Gopal Ratna awards: for farmers maintaining the best herd of Indigenous Breed and practicing best management practices.  Kamdhenu awards: for best managed Indigenous herd by Institutions/Trusts/ NGOs/ Gaushalas or best-managed Breeders’ societies. . Gokul Gram: The Rashtriya Gokul Mission envisages the establishment of integrated cattle development centers, ‘Gokul Grams’ to develop indigenous breeds including up to 40% nondescript breeds (belonging or appearing to belong to no particular class or kind) with objectives to:  Promote indigenous cattle rearing and conservation in a scientific manner.  Propagate high genetic merit bulls of indigenous breeds.  Optimize modern Farm Management practices and promote Common Resource Management.  Utilize animal waste in an economical way i.e. Cow Dung, Cow Urine

. National Kamdhenu Breeding Centre: (NKBC) is being established as a Centre of Excellence to develop and conserve Indigenous Breeds in a holistic and scientific manner. . “E-Pashu Haat”- Nakul Prajnan Bazaar: An e-market portal connecting breeders and farmers, for quality- disease-free bovine germplasm. . Pashu Sanjivni: An animal wellness program encompassing the provision of animal health cards (‘Nakul Swasthya Patra’) along with UID identification and uploading data on National DataBase. . Advanced Reproductive Technology: Including Assisted Reproductive Technique- In-vitro Fertilization (IVF)/ Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer (MOET) and sex-sorted semen technique to improve the availability of disease-free female bovines.

. National Bovine Genomic Center for Indigenous Breeds (NBGC-IB) will be established for selection of breeding bulls of high genetic merit at a young age using highly precise gene-based technology.

Implementing By

. Rashtriya Gokul Mission will be implemented through the “State Implementing Agency (SIA viz Livestock Development Boards). . State Gauseva Ayogs will be given the mandate to sponsor proposals to the SIA’s (LDB’s) and monitor implementation of the sponsored proposal. . All Agencies having a role in indigenous cattle development will be the “Participating Agencies” like ICAR, Universities, Colleges, NGO’s, Cooperative Societies and Gaushalas.

. Indigenous bovines are robust and resilient and are particularly suited to the climate and environment of their respective breeding tracts and productivity of indigenous breeds is less likely to be impacted by the adversities of climate change. . The milk of indigenous animals is high in fat and SNF content (The substances in milk other than butterfat and water in the form of casein, lactose, vitamins, and minerals which contribute significantly to the nutritive value of milk).

National Dairy Plan-I

. National Dairy Plan Phase I (NDP I) is a Central Sector Scheme.

. Funding will be through a line of credit from the International Development Association (IDA), which along with the share of the Government of India will flow from DADF to NDDB and in turn to eligible End Implementing Agencies (EIAs).

. NDP I will focus on 18 major milk producing states namely Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Telangana, Uttarakhand, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh which together account for over 90% of the country’s milk production.

1. To help increase productivity of milch animals and thereby increase milk production to meet the rapidly growing demand for milk. 2. To help provide rural milk producers with greater access to the organised milk-processing sector. . It has focus on development and conservation of indigenous breeds of cattle and buffalo through implementation of progeny testing and pedigree selection programme. 1. 6 indigenous breeds of cattle (Gir, Sahiwal, Rathi, Kankrej, Tharparkar and Hariana) 2. 6 buffalo breeds (Murrah, Mehsani, Jaffarabadi, Nili Ravi, Pandharpuri and Banni)

End Implementation Agencies (EIAs) would be State Cooperative Dairy Federations; District Cooperative Milk Producers Unions; Cooperative form of enterprises such as Producer Companies; State Livestock Development Boards; Central Cattle Breeding Farms (CCBF), Central Frozen Semen Production and Training Institute (CFSP&TI), Regional Stations for Forage Production and Demonstration (RSFP&D); Registered Societies/ Trusts (NGOs); Section 25 Companies, subsidiaries of statutory bodies, ICAR Institutes and Veterinary/ Dairy Institutes/Universities that meet the eligibility criteria for each activity as may be decided by the National Steering Committee (NSC).

Background:

 India’s milk production increased from 165.40 MMT in 2016-17 to 176.35 MMT in 2017-18, a growth rate of 6.62 per cent.  The country ranks first in global milk production.  The per capita availability of milk in India during 2017-18 was 375 gm/day and by 2023- 24, it is estimated to increase to 592 gm/day.

Pashudhan Sanjivani

 The Pashu Sanjivni is crucial for control and spread of animal diseases, scientific management of animals, enhanced production and productivity, improvement in quality of livestock & livestock products, increase in trade of livestock and livestock products by meeting out sanitary and phtyosanitory issues.  An animal wellness programme encompassing provision of Animal Health Cards - "NakulSwasthyaPatra".  It also issues UID identification of animals in milk and establishes a National Database for controlling the spread of animal disease and keep tracking of trade in livestock and its products.  In order to improve productivity and enhance milk production, thereby making dairying more remunerative to the farmers, some of the projects by the government are as below:  Pashudhan Sanjivani : an Animal Wellness Programme; encompassing setting up of Emergency Help Lines, provision of Animal Health cards (‘Nakul Swasthya Patra’) along with UID identification and a National Data Base;  Advanced breeding Technology: including Assisted Reproductive Technique to improve availability of disease free female bovines;  Creation of “E- Pashudhan Haat”: an e- market portal for bovine germplasm for connecting breeders and farmers of indigenous bovine breeds and  National Genomic Centre (NGC): Establishment of National Genomic Centre for enhancing milk production and productivity of indigenous breeds.

E-Pashudhan Haat Portal

 It is launched under the National Mission on Bovine Productivity for connecting breeders and farmers of indigenous breeds.  This portal helps farmers to be aware about breed wise information on indigenous breeds. Farmers/breeders can sale animals of indigenous breeds through this portal.

The portal aims to be a

1. E-Trading Market portal for livestock germplasm and additional related services. 2. Will connect farmers with breeders - Central, State, Co-operative and private agencies. 3. Real time authentic certified information on availability of germplasm. 4. Centralized repository of information for Central and State Governments.

Services offered

 Provides direct access to the farmers/ breeders to various organizations/sources wherein frozen semen, embryos and livestock certifications are available.  Connects farmers to 56 semen stations ( 20 states), 4 Central Herd Registration Scheme (CHRS) ( 4 States) and 7 Central Cattle Breeding Farms (CCBFs) ( 6 states) in the country.  Provides details like, animal / frozen semen ID, progeny particulars (sire directory), rates and other terms & conditions.  Farmers can directly get the details like address, contact numbers, photo gallery etc . of individual Institutes / Agriculture universities in States. 79

Major outcomes of the scheme are:

 Propagation of quality controlled germplasm;  Availability of disease free germplasm with known genetic merit  Price evaluation available to buyer  One stop portal for bovine breeders  No involvement of middlemen in sale and purchase of animals  Sale only of tagged animal with animal wellness card  Propagation of indigenous bovine breeds in the country  Increase in milk production and productivity

“Quality Mark” Award Scheme

 Quality mark is a quality and food safety initiative of National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) to enhance consumer confidence in Cooperative and allied dairy sector. The guidelines for award of Quality Mark do not propose any new/additional system for Food Safety and Quality Management but only lays down the processes required for ensuring quality and safety of milk and milk products.  Quality Mark scheme aims to 1. Impart distinct identity to cooperative and allied dairy sector in the country 2. Develop a quality culture 3. These will facilitate:  Enhanced consumer confidence and improved brand image.  Export worthiness of the organization.  The logo/symbol of Quality Mark on milk and milk product packages conveys that the unit has adopted and implemented all the processes required as per proper food safety and quality management system for manufacture of milk and milk products as per the set quality parameters.  The dairy units/organisations/units from the following sectors shall be eligible for use of Quality Mark subject to fulfilling other requirements specified in the Quality Mark Guidelines. 1. Cooperative Dairy Organisations (Dairy Cooperative Federation/Milk Unions and Producers owned dairy organisations) 2. Subsidiaries of NDDB 3. Dairy Units of Educational Institutes (from Govt. /Govt. Universities/NDDB/State Feds/unions). 4. Govt. owned dairy units 5. Any other unit specifically approved by NDDB

Zero Hunger Programme

The programme was initiated by the ICAR (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) along with the ICMR (Indian Council of Medical Research) and the M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation with BIRAC (Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council). State governments will also be involved in the initiative.

 The programme aims at making farm interventions and incorporates among others:

 Organising the farming system for nutrition.

 Setting up genetic gardens for biofortified plants.

 Initiating zero hunger training.

The programme was initially launched in three districts:

 Gorakhpur (Uttar Pradesh)

 Koraput (Odisha)

 Thane (Maharashtra)

These districts will act as models of integrated approach in dealing with hunger and malnutrition by adopting appropriate agricultural and/or horticultural practices.

The initiative is in tandem with India’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), one of which is ending hunger by 2030.

The programme was announced by eminent scientist Dr. M S Swaminathan.

India’s Zero Hunger Programme was launched on October 16, 2017. The day marks the ‘World Food Day’. The focus of the initiative is agriculture, health and nutrition.

 Hunger and malnutrition is a serious problem in India.

 As per the Global Hunger Index 2019, India is ranked 102 out of 117 countries.

 India is ranked much below its south Asian neighbours such as Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh.  The report pointed out that “India is suffering from a serious hunger problem”.  India’s Child Wasting Rate is the highest in the world.  Just 9.6% of all children between the ages of 6 months to 23 months are provided with a minimum acceptable diet.  As per the report, India is one of the 45 nations of the world where hunger leads to serious issues.

Genetic Garden for biofortified plants/crops

 It is a garden containing the germ-plasm of naturally bio-fortified crops via plant breeding. These gardens are houses for crops and plants which help supplement micronutrient deficiencies, including iron, vitamin A, iodine, zinc, etc.

NCDC

 The NCDC has the unique distinction of being the sole statutory organisation functioning as an apex financial and developmental institution exclusively devoted to cooperative sector.  It supports cooperatives in diverse fields apart from agriculture and allied sectors.  It is an ISO 9001:2015 compliant organisation and has a distinctive edge of competitive financing.

Yuva Sahakar Scheme

 To cater to the needs and aspirations of the youth, the National Cooperative Development Corporation (NCDC) has launched a youth-friendly scheme ‘Yuva Sahakar-Cooperative Enterprise Support and Innovation Scheme” for attracting them to cooperative business ventures. 1. The scheme would encourage cooperatives to venture into new and innovative areas.

2. NCDC has created a dedicated fund with liberal features enabling youth to avail the scheme. The scheme will be linked to Rs 1000 crore ‘Cooperative Start-up and Innovation Fund (CSIF)’ created by the NCDC. It would have more incentives for cooperatives of North Eastern region, Aspirational Districts and cooperatives with women or SC or ST or PwD members. 3. The funding for the project will be up to 80% of the project cost for these special categories as against 70% for others. The scheme envisages 2% less than the applicable rate of interest on term loan for the project cost up to Rs 3 crore including 2 years moratorium on payment of principal. All types of cooperatives in operation for at least 1 year are eligible.

About NCDC:  National Cooperative Development Corporation (NCDC) was established by an Act of Parliament in 1963 as a statutory Corporation under Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare. It has many regional centres to provide the financial assistance to Cooperatives/Societies/Federations.

LIVESTOCK HEALTH & DISEASE CONTROL (LH&DC)

• Under LH&DC, for the control and containment of animal diseases, two major control programme are being implemented:

a) Foot & Mouth Disease (FMD) in bovine animals: Aimed at eradication of the disease by 2030, has been extended to the entire country from March 2017. It envisages vaccination of all eligible cattle and buffalo population at six-monthly intervals. b) Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) or goat plague in sheep: The programme involves vaccination of all susceptible goats and sheep and their three subsequent generations with an objective to declare the country free from PPR by 2025.

• To reduce economic losses as well as increase farmers’ income by way of earning income through export of animals and animal products, DADF has proposed creation of Disease-Free Zones (Andhra Pradesh- Telangana and Maharashtra) to OIE (World Organization for Animal Health) for its approval.

BLUE REVOLUTION

 IMPLEMENTING by Department of Fisheries  The restructured Central Sector Scheme on Blue Revolution: Integrated Development and Management of Fisheries provides for a focused development and management of the fisheries sector to increase both fish production and fish productivity from aquaculture and fisheries resources of the inland and marine fisheries sector including deep sea fishing.  The scheme has the following components: a) National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB) and its activities. b) Development of Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture. c) Development of Marine Fisheries, Infrastructure and Post-Harvest Operations. d) Strengthening of Database & Geographical Information System of the Fisheries Sector. e) Institutional Arrangement for Fisheries Sector. f) Monitoring, Control and Surveillance (MCS) and other need-based Interventions. g) National Scheme on Welfare of Fishermen.

 The Department has prepared a detailed National Fisheries Action Plan-2020 (NFAP) for the next 5 years with an aim of enhancing fish production and productivity and to achieve the concept of Blue Revolution.

NATIONAL LIVESTOCK MISSION (NLM)  NLM commenced from 2014-15. The Mission is designed to cover all the activities required to ensure quantitative and qualitative improvement in livestock production systems and capacity building of all stakeholders.  This Mission is formulated with the objective of sustainable development of livestock sector, focusing on improving availability of quality feed and fodder. NLM is implemented in all States including Sikkim.  NLM has 4 submissions as follows: 1. Sub-Mission on Fodder and Feed Development 2. Sub-Mission on Livestock Development 3. Sub-Mission on Pig Development in North-Eastern Region 4. Sub-Mission on Skill Development, Technology Transfer and Extension

QUALITY MARK AWARD SCHEME

 The National Dairy Development Board with the support of Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries has initiated ―Quality Mark award scheme for dairy cooperatives.  It is to promote and encourage enhancement of safety, quality and hygiene of milk and milk products manufactured by dairy cooperatives.  It is aimed at bringing about process improvement in the entire value chain from producer to the consumer to ensure availability of safe and quality of milk and products both for the domestic and foreign market.

DIGITAL INITIATIVES UNDER MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE 1. mKisan: Department of Agriculture has developed a portal – mKisan, where around 2.5 crore farmers are registers as experts of different departments like IMD, ICAR, State Government, State Agriculture Universities to send information to farmers in local languages. 2. KisanSuvidha: It is an omnibus mobile app to help farmers by providing relevant decent internet connectivity. 1. It has a simple interface and provides information on five critical parameters – weather, input dealers, market price, plant protection and expert advisories. 2. PUSA Krishi: It has been developed to realize the dream of ‘LAB’ to ‘LAND’. This app will help farmers to get information about technologies developed by IARI, which will eventually help in increasing returns to farmers. 3. Agrimarket: Agri-Market mobile App can be used to get the market price of crops in market within 50 km of the device’s location.

OTHER INITIATIVES UNDER MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE

 Sahakar-22: National Cooperative Development Corporation (NCDC) has started the Mission Sahakar-22 under which new employment opportunities are to be generated through cooperatives, strengthen the farmer’s economic condition by augmenting their income and fast track the pace of development in the State.  Dairy Processing and Infrastructure Fund: 1. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs approved a Dairy Processing & Infrastructure Development Fund (DIDF) with National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD). 2. The project will focus on building an efficient milk procurement system by setting up of chilling infrastructure & installation of electronic milk adulteration testing equipment.  Fisheries and Aquaculture Infrastructure Development Fund: The approval entails an estimated fund size which is to be raised by the Nodal Loaning Entities (NLEs). National Bank for 83

Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), National Cooperatives Development Corporation (NCDC) and all scheduled Banks (shall be the nodal Loaning Entities).  Agri-Market Infrastructure Fund: An Agri-Market Infrastructure Fund with a corpus of 2000 crore is proposed in the budget 2018-19 for developing and upgrading agricultural marketing infrastructure in the 22000 Grameen Agricultural Markets (GrAMs) and 585 APMCs.

7. MINISTRY OF FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES

SHRISD (SCHEME FOR HUMAN RESOURCES AND INSTITUTION– SKILL DEVELOPMENT (SHRISD)

 100% Centrally Financed.  Develop training/Course modules in English, Hindi and recognized regional languages based on the Qualification Packages validated by the NSDA as National Occupational Standards for different job roles in food processing sector  Assist training centres for building requisite infrastructure for providing skill training  Augment number of skilled workforce in different domains of food processing industries  Upgrade the skills of the workers for various job roles in food processing sector  Help create enabling resources of Training Partners (TPs) and course content developers to implement skill development programs of food processing sectors

Components of the scheme are:

 Development of Course Curiculum/Training Module in English, Hindi and Translation of the same in recognized regional languages based on Food Processing QPs validated by NSDA as National Occupational Standards.  Establishing Training Centres/Expansion of Existing Training Centre to impart skill training on various job roles in food processing as per NSQF.

Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana

. It is a Central Sector Scheme that aims to supplement agriculture, modernize processing and decrease Agriculture waste. . It was previously known as Scheme for Agro-Marine Processing and Development of Agro- Processing Clusters (SAMPADA). . The scheme will be implemented in 2016-20, and the implementation will result in creation of modern infrastructure, growth of food processing sector and providing better prices to the farmers. . The following schemes will be implemented under it- 1. Mega Food Parks 2. Integrated Cold Chain and Value Addition Infrastructure 3. Creation/ Expansion of Food Processing/ Preservation Capacities (Unit Scheme) 4. Infrastructure for Agro-processing Clusters 5. Creation of Backward and Forward Linkages 6. Food Safety and Quality Assurance Infrastructure 7. Human Resources and Institutions

Operation Greens

 It was launched on the lines of Operation Flood to double the income of farmers by end of 2022.  It aims to promote farmer producers organizations, agri-logistics, processing facilities and professional management.  It is essentially a price fixation scheme that aims to ensure farmers are given the right price for their produce.  The main objective of the project is to reduce price volatility in agriculture commodities such as vegetables.  Initially, Government has decided to start focusing on three basic vegetables namely tomatoes, onions and potatoes. 85

 NAFED will be the Nodal Agency to implement price stabilisation measures.

Mega Food Parks

 The Scheme aims at providing a mechanism to link agricultural production to the market by bringing together farmers, processors and retailers  The food parks aim to ensure maximizing value addition, minimizing wastage, increasing farmer’s income and creating employment opportunities particularly in rural sector.  It is based on “Cluster” approach and envisages a well-defined processing zone containing state-of-the art processing facilities with support infrastructure and well-established supply chain.  Pattern of Assistance - 1. In General areas - One-time capital grant of 50% of the project cost subject to a maximum of Rs.50 Crore. 2. In Hilly & Difficult terrain - Capital grant of 75% of the project cost subject to a maximum of Rs. 50 Crore

8. MINISTRY OF CONSUMER AFFAIRS, FOOD & PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION

TARGETED PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION SCHEME

 NFSA, 2013 (also Right to Food Act) is an Act of the Parliament of India which aims to provide subsidized food grains to approximately two thirds of India's 1.2 billion people.  It converts into legal entitlements for existing food security programmes of the GoI.  It includes the Midday Meal Scheme, Integrated Child Development Services scheme and the Public Distribution System.  Under the provisions of the bill, beneficiaries of the Public Distribution System (PDS) are entitled to 5 kilograms per person per month of cereals.  Pregnant women, lactating mothers, and certain categories of children are eligible for daily free cereals.

National Food Security Act, 2013

 The Act provides for food and nutritional security in the human life cycle approach, by ensuring access to adequate quantity of quality food at affordable prices for people to live a life with dignity and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

National Food Security Act

 The Act was signed into law on 12th September 2013 retroactive to 5th July 2013.  The Act is in line with Goal Two of the Sustainable Development Goals set by the United Nations General Assembly.  Goal 2 seeks sustainable solutions to end hunger in all its forms by 2030 and to achieve food security.  The aim is to ensure that everyone everywhere has enough good-quality food to lead a healthy life.  Schemes such as the Mid-Day Meal Scheme (MDM), the Public Distribution System (PDS), and the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) are included under the Act.  The Act is being implemented by all the States and the Union Territories.

The major features of the Act are described below:

 Coverage: The state-wise coverage determined by the NITI Aayog on the basis of the 2011-12 Household Consumption Expenditure survey of NSSO.  The Act legally entitled up to 75% of the rural population and 50% of the urban population to receive subsidized foodgrains under the Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS).  About two-thirds of the population, therefore, is covered under the Act to receive highly subsidized foodgrains.

Entitlements:

 The food grains would be provided at highly subsidized prices under the Public Distribution System.  The Act ensures nutritional support to women and children. Pregnant and lactating women would be entitled to nutritious meals, free of charge under the MDM and ICDS schemes.  Children in the age group of 6-14 years would also be entitled to free nutritious meals under the MDM and ICDS schemes.

 Maternity benefit of not less than Rs.6000 is also provided to pregnant women and lactating mothers.  The Act also empowers women by identifying the eldest woman of the household as the head of the household for the purpose of issuing ration cards.  The Central Government will be aiding the States to meet the expenditure incurred by them on transportation of food grains within the State and will also handle the Fair Price Shop (FPS) dealers’ margins according to the norms.  There is a provision of a food security allowance to the beneficiaries in the event of non-supply of food grains.  Transparency: Provisions have been made to disclose the records related to the PDS to ensure transparency.

The Act covers two-thirds of the entire population under two categories of beneficiaries:

 Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) households  Priority Households (PHH)

 AAY households encompass the households headed by widows or disabled persons or persons aged 60 years or more with no assured means of subsistence or societal support.

 It usually takes into account the households of those below the poverty line too.  It also includes support for women and children.

 NFSA gives the right to receive food-grains at subsidized prices by people belonging to eligible households, i.e., the PHH. A major section of the ration card holders in the priority sector comes under this category. This is an effort to alleviate poverty.  The work of identification of eligible households within the coverage under TPDS determined for each state is to be done by the states and the UTs.

Price Stabilisation Fund Scheme

 The Price Stabilization Fund (PSF) was set up in 2014-15 under the Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Famers Welfare (DAC&FW) to help regulate the price volatility of important agri-horticultural commodities like onion, potatoes and pulses were also added subsequently.  Procurement of these commodities will be undertaken directly from farmers or farmers’ organizations at farm gate/mandi and made available at a more reasonable price to the consumers. Losses incurred, if any, in the operations will be shared between the Centre and the States.  Interest-free loans: PSF Scheme provides for advancing interest-free loans to State Governments/Union Territories (UTs) and Central agencies to support their working capital and other expenses they might incur on procurement and distribution interventions for such commodities. Hence, the actual utilization of the fund depends on the willingness of the state governments/union territories to avail of such loans for these purposes.  Further, the actual detection of the period when support is required and the deployment of price support measures are left to the states.  Sharing of the contribution: For this purpose, the States will have to set up a ‘revolving fund’ (a fund which is constantly replenished and not limited by the fiscal year considerations) to which Centre and State will contribute equally (50:50). The ratio of Centre-State contribution to the State level corpus in respect of North-East States will, however,

be 75:25. Central Agencies will set up their revolving fund entirely with the advance from the Centre.  The scheme provides for maintaining a strategic buffer of the aforementioned commodities for subsequent calibrated release to moderate price volatility and discourage hoarding and unscrupulous speculation.  For building such stock, the scheme promotes direct purchase from farmers/farmers’ association at farm gate/Mandi.  Apart from domestic procurement from farmers/wholesale mandis, import may also be undertaken with support from the Fund.  Management of the Fund: The Price Stabilization Fund will be managed centrally by a Price Stabilization Fund Management Committee (PSFMC) which will approve all proposals from State Governments and Central Agencies.  Maintenance of the corpus Fund: The PSF will be maintained as a Central Corpus Fund by Small Farmers Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC), a society promoted by the Ministry of Agriculture for linking agriculture to private businesses and investments and technology. SFAC will act as Fund Manager.  Price Stabilization Fund Management Committee (PSFMC): The Fund shall be managed by a “Price Stabilization Fund Management Committee (PSFMC) under the Chairmanship of Secretary (CA)  The PSF scheme was transferred from DAC&FW to the Department of Consumer Affairs (DOCA) w.e.f. 1st April 2016.

Jago Grahak Jago

 15 March is World Consumer Rights Day (WCRD), an annual occasion for celebration and solidarity within the international consumer movement. It marks the date in 1962 President John F Kennedy first outlined the definition of Consumer Rights.  Significance of the day: It is an opportunity to promote the basic rights of all consumers, for demanding that those rights are respected and protected, and for protesting the market abuses and social injustices which undermine them.  Theme: Trusted Smart Products.

Key facts:

1. WCRD was first observed on 15 March 1983, and has since become an important occasion for mobilising citizen action. 2. Consumers International (CI), which was founded in 1960 organises WCRD. It is the only independent and authoritative global voice for consumers and has over 220 member organisations in 115 countries around the world. 3. Consumer Rights Day — India December 24th. On this day the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 had received the assent of the President.

Consumer protection act:

 India adopted the Consumer Protection Act, later in 1986, thus providing a legal face to the Indian consumers. One of the strongest campaigns for protection of consumer rights in India, is “Jago Grahak Jago” which literally translates into, “wake up consumers”! This multimedia campaign from Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Government of India is aimed at creating an aware consumer.

Antyodaya Anna Yojana

Objective To target poorest of poor population and provide them relief from hunger

 It is a part of NFSA (National Food Security Act) and the households under AAY are entitled to 35 Kg of foodgrains per household per month.  Coverage:It covers the poorest of the poor families from amongst the BPL families covered under Targeted Public Distribution System(TPDS) within the States and provides them food grains at a highly subsidized rate of Rs.1/ per kg coarse grains, Rs.2/ per kg. for wheat and Rs. 3/ per kg for rice. Salient  Criteria to identify the households: The guidelines are stipulated according to features the following criteria like landless agricultural labourers, marginal farmers, rural artisans /craftsmen etc. and Households headed by widows or terminally ill persons/disabled persons/ persons aged 60 years or more with no assured means of subsistence or societal support.  States/UTs are required to bear the distribution cost, including margin to dealers and retailers as well as the transportation cost.

Target 2.5 crore households covering 38% of BPL group

9. MINISTRY OF CHEMICALS AND FERTILIZERS

Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana

 In November 2008, with an objective to make available generic medicines at affordable prices to all, the Department of Pharmaceuticals under the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers launched the “Jan Aushadhi Scheme”.  To reinvigorate the supply of affordable generic medicines with efficacy and quality equivalent to that of branded drugs, the scheme was revamped as “Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Yojana” in 2015.  To provide further momentum to the ongoing scheme, it was again renamed as “Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Jan Aushadhi Pariyojana” (PMBJP).  The scheme aims at educating the masses about the generic medicines and that high prices are not always synonymous with high quality. It intends to cover all therapeutic groups and create demand for generic medicines through medical practitioners.

PMBJP Features

 Under PMBJP, Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Kendras (PMBJK) are set up across the country so as to reduce the out of pocket expenses for health care.  The Bureau of Pharma PSUs of India (BPPI) under the Department of Pharmaceuticals is involved in coordinating, procuring, supplying and marketing generic medicines through PMBJK.  The procured generic medicines are sold at 50% to 90% lesser prices as compared to the market prices of branded medicines.  All drugs procured under this scheme are tested for quality assurance at NABL (National Accreditation Board Laboratories) accredited laboratories and is compliant with WHO GMP (World Health Organisation’s Good Manufacturing Practices) benchmarks. Government grants of up to 2.5 Lakhs are provided for setting up of PMBJKs.  They can be set up by doctors, pharmacists, entrepreneurs, Self Help Groups, NGOs, Charitable Societies, etc. at any suitable place or outside the hospital premises.  The railway ministry has given in-principle approval to opening up of Jan Aushadi Kendras at railway stations and other railway establishments under PMBJP. This is a significant move, as the access to generic medicines on railway stations would boost the accessibility, affordability of essential medicines and improve the convenience for the customers.

 Jan Aushadi Oxo-Biodegradable Sanitary Napkins

 Janaushadhi Kendras which sold sanitary napkins earlier for ₹2.50, has now further reduced it to ₹1 by adapting this technology.  These sanitary pads will be able to biodegrade after they have been discarded as soon as they come in contact with oxygen.  A very large number of women and girls suffer as good quality sanitary pads are not available at an affordable cost. This is mostly seen in village areas and other underprivileged areas of the country.

Jan Aushadi Sugam Application

 The PMBJP launched a mobile application in order to help people locate the Janaushadhi Kendras in the areas around them.  Since smartphones are seen accessible to all the groups of the society, the PMBJP aims to promote their affordable healthcare scheme through available technology. Affordable healthcare 91

seeker can easily find these PMBJK and get generic medicines at a substantially low cost compared to that of the branded OTC (over-the-counter) ones.

The role of BPPI in PMBJP

 The Department of Pharmaceuticals of Government of India has established a Bureau of Pharma Public Sector Undertakings of India in order to support the CPSUs to coordinate the sales, marketing, supply and procurement of the generic medicines. These medicines are distributed to the healthcare seekers through Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Kendras

Pharma Jan Samadhan Scheme

 The scheme provides a web-based system for redressal of consumers‘grievances relating to pricing and availability of medicines  It would serve as a robust e-governance tool for protection of consumers‘interests through effective implementation of the Drugs (Price Control) Order 2013  National pharmaceutical pricing authority (NPPA) will initiate action on any complaint within 48 hrs of its receipt.  Pharma Jan Samadhan Scheme is a web enabled system  The scheme has been launched to address the grievances of consumers (related to the prices of drugs and the availability of medicines)  The scheme has been created by the National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA)  It aims to provide an online facility to the consumers to redress their complaints related to over- pricing of medicines, non-availability of medicines, refusal for sale of any medicine, etc  Initiate action on any complaint would be taken by NPPA within 48 hours of its receipt  As per the Union Minister of Chemicals and Fertilizers, this initiative would create awareness among the people  It would also act as a prevention against black-marketing, artificial medicines and practices like over pricing the drugs  However, the pharma industry stands on three pillars quality, availability and affordability and this scheme is a step towards this direction.

10. MINISTRY OF AYUSH

National Ayush Mission

 It is a centrally sponsored scheme with implementation period till 2020.  The objective is to provide cost effective and equitable AYUSH health care, strengthen AYUSH systems, improve educational institutions for quality AYUSH education, promote the adoption of quality standards of AYUSH drugs and sustained supply of AYUSH raw-materials.  Beneficiaries - Patients due to low cost medicine and increased access.  Mandatory Components of the Mission (80% of the Resource pool) 1. AYUSH Services 2. Ayush Educational institutions 3. Quality control of ASU &H Drugs 4. Medicinal Plants

 Flexible components (20% of resource pool)- Ayush Wellness centres, IEC activities, Tele- medicine, Sports Medicine through AYUSH, PPP in AYUSH Innovations, Interest subsidy component for Private AYUSH educational Institutions, Reimbursement of Testing charges, R & D in areas related to Medicinal Plants, Market Promotion, Market intelligence & buy back interventions, Crop Insurance for Medicinal Plants and Voluntary certification scheme: Project based.  The resource allocation to the States/UTs is proposed on the basis of population, backwardness and performance of the State/UT.  Dedicated MIS monitoring and evaluation cell would be established at Centre/State level.  Grant-in Aid will be transferred through treasury route to State Governments which in turn will transfer the funds to the State AYUSH Society along with State Share.

Swasthya Raksha Programme

 It is launched to promote health and health education in villages.  Objectives - 1. To organize Health/Hygiene awareness programme 2. Awareness about cleanliness of domestic surroundings and environment. 3. Provide medical aid/incidental support in the adopted Colonies/villages. 4. Documentation of demographic information, food habits, hygiene conditions, seasons, lifestyle etc., 5. Assessment of health status and propagation of Ayurvedic concept of pathya-apathya

 The food which is beneficial and nutritional to the body and also gives the happiness to the mind is known as Pathya and opposite to that is known as Apathya.

Traditional Knowledge Digital Library

 It is a collaborative Project of CSIR and Ministry of AYUSH.  It is an Indian initiative to prevent exploitation and to protect Indian traditional knowledge from wrongful patents mainly at International Patent Offices.  It contains Indian traditional medicine knowledge in a digitized format and is available in five international languages (English, French, German, Spanish and Japanese).  Funds under the scheme are provided only to CSIR and no funds have been allocated to any state. 93

 Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) is an autonomous body under Ministry of S&T.

Mission Madhumeha

 The mission was launched to provide cost-effective treatment and control of non-communicable disease of Diabetes through Ayurveda and is implemented through a specially designed National Treatment Protocol.

Scheme for Promoting Pharmacovigilance of AYUSH Drugs

 It is a new central sector scheme that aims to develop the culture of documenting adverse effects and undertake safety monitoring of AYUSH drugs.  It also entails surveillance of misleading advertisements appearing in the print and electronic media.  It intends to facilitate the establishment of three-tier network of National Pharmacovigilance Centre (NPvCC), Intermediary Pharmacovigilance Centres (IPvCCs) and Peripheral Pharmacovigilance Centres (PPvCC).  All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi, an autonomous body under the Ministry of AYUSH, has been designated as National Pharmacovigilance Centre for coordinating various activities of the initiative.  It will facilitate detection of potentially unsafe ASU&H medicine.

Pharmacovigilance

 It is defined as the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem.  The aims of PV are to enhance patient care and patient safety in relation to the use of medicines.

11. MINISTRY OF JAL SHAKTI

SWACHH BHARAT – GRAMEEN

 Mission on track to deliver on Open Defecation Free (ODF) India well before the set deadline of October 2019 and is focusing increasingly on sustaining ODF outcomes and ODF plus activities under Solid and Liquid Waste  Villages, 600 districts and 27 States and UTs have already been declared ODF.  Darwaza Band Campaign  Findings of National Annual Rural Sanitation Survey (NARSS) 2018-19 are as follows: a) 93.1% of households were found to have access to toilets during the survey period (corresponding figure as per SBMG MIS in November 2018 was 96%) b) 96.5% of the people who had access to toilets used them. c) 90.7% of villages which were previously declared to be ODF were confirmed to ODF. Remaining villages also had sanitation coverage of 93%. d) 95.4% of the villages surveyed found to have minimal litter and minimal stagnant water.  Swachhagrahis: 1. Fecal Sludge Management

SWACHH SUNDAR SAUCHALAYA

 Month long campaign which comprises of a contest wherein households are being mobilised to paint and decorate their toilets.  Will be spearheaded by Gram Panchayats and coordinated by District Panchayats.

SWAJAL PILOT PROJECT

 It will cover 115 aspirational districts of the country.  It is a community demand driven, decentralised, single village, preferably solar powered, mini

RESTRUCTURED NATIOANAL RURAL DRINKING WATER PROGRAMME

 It is a centrally sponsored scheme under Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation.  Ensuring sustainability (source) of water availability in terms of potability, adequacy, convenience, affordability and equity.  50:50 fund sharing between Centre and States.

COMPONENTS:

 Improving coverage of piped drinking water in rural areas  Increase level of service delivery  Thrust on coverage of water quality affected habitations: a. 2% earmarking of funds for Japanese Encephalitis/Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) affected areas b. National Water Quality Sub-Mission aims to address the urgent need for providing clean drinking water in about 28000 Arsenic and Flouride affected habitations (already identified). c. Rs 12,500 crore as Central share will be required over 4 years ie March 2021. d. Aims to cover all rural population in Arsenic/Flouride affected habitations with clean drinking water on a sustainable basis by March 2021.

 Coverage of Open Defecation Free declared villages, Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana Gram Panchayats, and Integrated Action Plan districts with piped water supply  State have been given flexibility in utilisation of NRDWP funds by reducing number of components under the program.  As per the Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) of the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, about 77% of rural habitations in India have achieved a fully covered (FC) status (40 litres per capita per day) and 56% of the rural population have access to tap water through public stand posts within which 16.7% have household connections.

GROUND WATER EXTRACTION RULES

 India is the largest user of ground water in the world, extracting ground water to the tune of 253 bcm per year, which is about 25% of the global ground water extraction.  90% of the annual ground water extraction is primarily for agricultural activities  10% of the extraction is for drinking and domestic as well as industrial uses.  Industrial use is estimated to account for only 5% of the annual ground water extraction in the country.  Central Ground Water Authority is constituted under the Environment Protection Act 1986 in 1997.  Regulating ground water development and management in the country

REVISED GUIDELINES FOR GROUND WATER EXTRACTION

 Introduction of the Concept of Water Conservation Fee (WCF)  Encouraging use of recycled and treated sewage water by industries  Provision of action against polluting industries  Mandatory requirement of digital flow meters, piezometers and digital water level recorders  Mandatory water audit by industries extracting ground water 500 cubic metres or more in safe and semi-critical and 200 cubic metres or more in critical and overexploited assessment units  Mandatory roof top rain water harvesting except for specified industries  Measures to be adopted to ensure prevention of ground water contamination in premises of polluting industries/projects.  Exemption from requirements of NOC has been given to agricultural users, users employing non-energised means to extract water, individual households and Armed Forces Establishments during operational deployment or during mobilisation in forward locations.

FLOOD MANAGEMENT AND BORDER AREAS PROGRAMME

 Will be implemented throughout the country for effective flood management, erosion control and anti-sea erosion.  Funding for general category states: 50% (Centre) and 50% (States)  For North Eastern, Himalayan States: 70% (Centre): 30 (States)

NATIONAL COMMITTEE ON DAM SAFETY (NCDS)

 It is headed by Chairman, Central Water Commission. It has representation from State Governments and PSUs.  Objectives of NCDS are: 1. Oversee dam safety activities in States and suggest improvements 2. Act as a forum of exchange of views on techniques adopted for remedial measures to relieve distress 96

3. Monitor the follow up action on the report on dam safety procedures 4. Recommend any other measures connected with dam safety.

PROPOSED DRIP PHASE-II AND PHASE-III

 Provision of rehabilitation of 773 dams amounting to Rs 11,487 crore.  It has two phases i.e. Phase II and Phase III, each of 6 years duration with 2 years overlapping. This project will be operational from 2020.  It will be a State sector scheme with Central Component.  Participation from 18 States, and 2 Central Agencies.  The two central implementing agencies will be Central Water Commission and Bhakra Beas Management Board.  It has four components: 1. Rehabilitation of Dams and its appurtenances 2. Institutional Strengthening 3. Project Management 4. Secondary Revenue Generation through incidental benefits i.e. Tourism and other means

JAL MARG VIKAS PROJECT

 The Jal Marg Vikas Project (JMVP) on NW-1 (River Ganga) is being implemented with the financial and technical support of the World Bank.  The Project entails development of fairway with 3-meters depth between Varanasi and Haldia (Phase-I) covering a distance of 1380 km at an estimated cost of Rs. 5369 crore with target for completion in six years.

Atal Bhujal Yojana

. The Atal Bhujal Yojana (ABHY) is a central sector scheme worth Rs.6,000 crore for sustainable management of groundwater with community participation. It envisages people's participation through the formation of ‘Water User Associations’, water budgeting, preparation & implementation of Gram-panchayat-wise water security plans, etc. . It is being implemented by the Ministry of Jal Shakti (earlier known as Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation). . The scheme is being funded by the Government of India and the World Bank on 50:50 basis. . The identified over-exploited and water-stressed areas for the implementation of the scheme are Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh. . The States have been selected according to the degree of groundwater exploitation and degradation, established legal and regulatory instruments, institutional readiness, and experience in implementing initiatives related to groundwater management. . It has two major components such as, 1. Institutional Strengthening and Capacity Building Component 2. Incentive Component for the States

Jal Jeevan Mission

The Mission was announced in August 2019. The chief objective of the Mission is to provide piped water supply (Har Ghar Jal) to all rural households by 2024.

Key features:

1. It aims to create local infrastructure for rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge and management of household waste water for reuse in agriculture. 2. The Jal Jeevan Mission is set to be based on various water conservation efforts like point recharge, desilting of minor irrigation tanks, use of greywater for agriculture and source sustainability. 3. The Jal Jeevan Mission will converge with other Central and State Government Schemes to achieve its objectives of sustainable water supply management across the country. . It was proposed to achieve the goal by 2030, coinciding with the United Nation‘s Sustainable Development Goals. . But now, it is has been planned to achieve the goal by 2024 through Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM). . Thus, Government of India has restructured and subsumed the ongoing NRDWP into Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM). . It aims to provide Functional Household Tap Connection to every rural household i.e., Har Ghar Nal Se Jal by 2024. . The new guidelines will emphasise the critical role of the gram panchayat level to run and maintain the water supply system in their community and also bring in systems for water use charges. . Water is the State subject. Thus, the implementation must be done through the States. . The fund sharing pattern to be 90:10 for Himalayan and North-Eastern States; 50:50 for other States and 100% for UTs.

Need for and significance of the mission:

. India has 16% of the world population, but only 4% of freshwater resources. Depleting groundwater level, overexploitation and deteriorating water quality, climate change, etc. are major challenges to provide potable drinking water. It is an urgent requirement of water conservation in the country because of the decreasing amount of groundwater level. Therefore, the Jal Jeevan Mission will focus on integrated demand and supply management of water at the local level. . For the implementation of JJM, following institutional arrangement has been proposed: 1. National Jal Jeevan Mission at the Central level; 98

2. State Water and Sanitation Mission (SWSM) at State level; 3. District Water and Sanitation Mission (DWSM) at district level; and 4. Gram Panchayat and/ or its sub-committees i.e. Village Water Sanitation Committee (VWSC)/ Paani Samiti at village Level. . The fund released by Central Government to the State Governments is to be deposited in one Single Nodal Account (SNA) that will be maintained by SWSM. . Public Finance Management System (PFMS) should be used for tracking the funds.

Jal Shakti Abhiyan

The Jal Shakti Abhiyan, launched by the Union Jal Shakti Minister has begun from 1st July, 2019.

. The Jal Shakti Abhiyan is a campaign for water conservation and water security in the country. . The campaign will run through citizen participation in two phases, firstly, during the monsoon season, from 1st July, 2019 to 15th September, 2019 and then from 1st October, 2019 to 30th November, 2019 for states receiving the North East retreating monsoons. . It is a collaborative effort of various ministries of the Government of India and state governments, being coordinated by the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation (DDWS) that comes under the Jal Shakti Ministry. . The focus of the campaign is on water stressed districts and blocks. The teams of officers from the central government will visit and work with district administration in 1592 water stressed blocks in 256 districts, to ensure five important water conservation interventions. . The five important water conservation interventions are :

 Water conservation and rainwater harvesting,  Renovation of traditional and other water bodies/tanks,  Reuse of water and recharging of structures,  Watershed development and  Intensive afforestation. . The water conservation interventions will also be supplemented with special interventions including the development of block and district water conservation plans, promotion of efficient water use for irrigation and better choice of crops through Krishi Vigyan Kendras.

DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES, RIVER DEVELOPMENT & GANGA REJUVENATION

Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme

. Launched in 1996-97 . This scheme is now a component of PM Krishi Sinchai Yojana . Under this scheme, Centre gives loan assistance to the States to help them complete some of the incomplete major/medium irrigation projects which are at an advanced stage of completion. . The central assistance is in form of central grant which is 90% of the project cost in case of special category States, project benefiting drought prone areas, tribal areas and flood prone areas and 25% in case of Non-Special category States. . It includes Special Category States and Koraput, Bolangir and Kalahandi Districts of Odisha. . To expedite completion of ongoing irrigation projects. . Irrigation is a state subject and irrigation projects are formulated, executed and funded by the State Governments themselves from their own resources

Jal Kranti Abhiyan

. Creating awareness on aspects of water security and water conservation . Strengthening grass root involvement of all stakeholders including Panchayati Raj Institutions and local bodies in the water security and development schemes e.g. Participatory Irrigation Management (PIM); . Encouraging the adoption/utilization of traditional knowledge in water resources conservation and its management . To utilize sector level expertise from different levels in government, NGO’s, citizens etc. . Enhancing livelihood security through water security in rural areas

Activities undertaken - 1. Jal Gram Yojana, 2. Development of Model Command Area, 3. Pollution abatement, 4. Mass Awareness Programme.

Jal Gram Yojana - Under this, two villages in every district) are being selected and an integrated water security plan is prepared to ensure optimum and sustainable utilization of water.

No separate fund has been allotted and various expenditure will be met from existing schemes of Central/State Governments, such as PMKSY, MGNREGA, RRR of water bodies, AIBP etc.

Namami Gange Programme

. It is an umbrella programme which integrates previous and currently ongoing initiatives by enhancing efficiency, extracting synergies and supplementing them with more comprehensive & better coordinated interventions. . Implemented by the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG), and its state counterparts— State Programme Management Groups.

National Ganga Council (NGC):

. Created in October 2016 under the River Ganga (Rejuvenation, Protection and Management) Authorities Order, 2016, dissolving the National Ganga River Basin Authority. . Headed by the Prime Minister. . It replaced the National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA). . NGC would have on board the chief ministers of five Ganga basin states—Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh (UP), Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal—besides several Union ministers and it was supposed to meet once every year.

Main Pillars of the Namami Gange Programme are:

1. Sewerage Treatment Infrastructure 2. River-Surface Cleaning 3. Afforestation 4. Industrial Effluent Monitoring 5. River-Front Development 6. Bio-Diversity 7. Public Awareness 8. Ganga Gram

. Under the aegis of National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) & State Programme Management Groups (SPMGs) States and ULBs and PRIs will be involved in this project.

100

. Establishment of Clean Ganga Fund to encourage contributions from citizens for river conservation.

Ganga Vriksharopan Abhiyan

. National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) is running ―Ganga Vriksharopan Abhiyan‖ in five main stream Ganga basin states – Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal. . The campaign has been initiated as part of the Forest Interventions in Ganga (FIG) component of Namami Gange programme. . It aims to bring greater awareness among people and other stakeholders regarding the importance of afforestation for the task of Ganga Rejuvenation.

Nirmal Ganga Sahbhagita

 It is mainly to assist the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) located on the banks of the river Ganga for achieving the objective of Clean Ganga.  It aims at sensitizing the ULBs about the pollution arising primarily due to dumping of solid waste in the river and involving them in stoppage of such dumping.

Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project

. The Government has approved the revised cost estimate of the Dam Rehabilitation and Improvement Project (DRIP), along with a two-year time extension from 2018 to 2020, for the completion of the project. . Project was started in 2012 and was scheduled to be completed in 2018. . The Govt. has taken up DRIP for the repair and rehabilitation of dam projects across the seven states of India, namely Jharkhand (Damodar Valley Corporation), Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, and Uttarakhand. . It is an externally-aided project. 80% of the total project cost is provided by the World Bank as loan/credit and remaining 20% is borne by the States / Central Government. . The objectives of DRIP are to improve the safety and operational performance of selected existing dams and associated accessories in a sustainable manner, and to strengthen the dam safety institutional setup of participating States / Implementing Agencies. . It also aims at ensuring the safety of downstream population and property that are affected in the case of a dam failure or operational failure.

Ganga Prahari

 Ganga Praharis are self-motivated and trained volunteers from among the local communities in the five Ganga states (Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal).  They work to conserve the ecological integrity of the Ganga River, and, reduce the direct dependency of the local communities on the river.  The aim is to establish a motivated cadre to support the local level institutions and monitor the quality of the natural resources of the river by mobilizing local communities at the grassroots level.  It is an initiative of National Mission for Clean Ganga-Wildlife Institute of India (NMCG-WII) under its project ‗Biodiversity Conservation and Ganga Rejuvenation.  The objectives are 1. Creating awareness about the benefits of a clean and vibrant Ganga and create a sense of belongingness among people towards the Ganga River.

101

2. Linking local communities and their livelihoods with the overall efforts of various agencies working for a clean Ganga, and thereby, creating a convergence point at grass roots level for such efforts. 3. Linking local people‘s livelihood and well-being with a clean and vibrant Ganga.

Ganga Aamantran Abhiyan

. A unique social awareness initiative to connect with Ganga’s Stakeholders.

. The ‘Ganga Aamantran Abhiyan’ is a exploratory open-water rafting and kayaking expedition on the Ganga River to be held between 10th October 2019 to 11 November 2019. . Starting at Devprayag and culminating at Ganga Sagar, the expedition will cover the entire streatch of over 2500 kms of the Ganga River. . This is the first ever effort by National Mission for Clean Ganga to raft across the entire stretch of the river and also the longest ever social campaign undertaken through an adventure sporting activity to spread the message of River Rejuvenation and Water Conservation on a massive scale. . The expedition will encompass the five Ganga basin states including Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Bihar and West Bengal with stops at Rishikesh, Haridwar, Kanpur, Allahabad, Varanasi, Patna, Sonepur and Kolkata. . The expedition will be supported by all the stakeholders of Namami Gange including the MPs of the constituency along Ganga, members of Ganga Praharis, Ganga Vichar Manch among others.

DEPARTMENT OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATION

GOBAR-Dhan Yojana

Galvanizing Organic Bio-Agro Resources Dhan

102

Aims to positively impact village cleanliness and generate wealth and energy from cattle and organic waste.

 The scheme focuses on managing and converting cattle dung and solid waste in farms to useful compost, biogas and bio-CNG.  It will also help in keeping the village clean while increasing income of farmers and cattle herders.  The scheme will be hugely beneficial for country as India is home to highest cattle population in world (around 300 million in number) which produces around 3 million tonnes of dung.  It will encourage farmers to consider dung and other waste not just as waste but as source of income.  The scheme will provide many benefits to rural people by keeping villages clean and sanitized, improving livestock health and increasing farm yields.  Under it, biogas generation will help to increase self-reliance in energy utilized for cooking and lighting.  The scheme will augment income of farmers and cattle herders. It will create new opportunities for jobs linked to waste collection, transportation, biogas sales etc.  It will also provide stable fuel supply in market for oil companies and accessible credit in market through government schemes and banks for entrepreneurs.  Under it, villagers will be mobilized to create self-help groups (SHGs) and creative societies that will help in clean energy and green jobs initiative.  Gram panchayats will play key role in implementation of this scheme under which bio-gas plants from cattle dung will be set up at individual or community level and also at level of Self Help Groups (SHGs) and NGOs like Gaushalas.  The central and state governments will provide funds in the ratio of 60:40, which will depend upon the number of households in villages.  They will also provide assistance of experts for setting up the plants.

Swajal Yojana

 Swajal is community owned drinking water programme for sustained drinking water supply.  The scheme aims at ensuring availability of clean drinking water to every household round year and also generate employment.  Under it, 90% of the project cost is borne by Government and remaining 10% cost is contributed by the community.  The Operations and management of the project will be taken care by the local villagers.  Under this scheme, government aims to provide villages with piped water supply powered by harnessing solar energy.  Hundreds of rural technicians will be trained under this scheme for operation and maintenance of Swajal units.  Schemes has been launched in 115 aspirational districts.

Swachh Bharat Mission

 SBM is intended at accelerating the efforts to achieve universal sanitation coverage.  It aims at achieving Open Defecation Free (ODF) nation and a Swachh Bharat (Clean India) by 2nd Oct, 2019, the 150th anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi.  SBM is being implemented by the Ministry of Urban Development in urban areas & by the Ministry of Jal Shakti in rural areas.

103

 Objectives - Elimination of open defecation, Eradication of Manual Scavenging, Modern and Scientific Municipal Solid Waste Management, To effect behavioural change regarding healthy sanitation practices,  Generate awareness about sanitation and its linkage with public health, Capacity Augmentation for ULB‘s and Creating an enabling environment for private sector participation.  Components - 1. Household toilets, including conversion of insanitary latrines into pour-flush latrines; 2. Community toilets 3. Public toilets 4. Solid waste management 5. Public Awareness and IEC (Information, Education and Communication).  Implementation - Behaviour change is the primary focus and fundamental tool for achievement of ODF outcomes.  This is carried out through the Ministry's focused Information, Education and Communication (IEC) programme.  It also promotes gender sensitive information, behaviour change guidelines and various mass education activities.  States will contribute a minimum of 25% funds towards all components to match 75% Central Share. This will be 10% in the case of North East and special category States.

Swachh Manch

 While Swachh Survekshan 2019 will focus on sustainability and encourage large scale citizen participation and ensure progress towards garbage free and open defecation free cities, the Ease of Living Index will encourage cities to move towards an ‘outcome-based’ approach to Urban planning &Management.  Swachh manch is a web based citizen engagement program that is being launched for sharing best practices across the country.  The web-based platform will allow stakeholders to create/invite/participate in volunteering opportunities around neighborhoods.  Swachh Manch will enable uploads of pictorial evidence of citizens and organizations participating in the initiatives, as well as record the number of hours volunteered, as acknowledgement of citizens’/organisations’ efforts and contributions to the cause of ‘swachhata’.  This would not only encourage other fellow citizens and stakeholders to do their bit for the cause of ‘swachhata’ but also contribute to accelerating the pace of achievement of our collective dream of a ‘Swachh Bharat’.  The Swachh Manch will also be integrated with the existing Swachhata App to act as a citizens’ grievance redressal platform.

SBM ODF Plus and ODF Plus Plus Protocol

 To make ODF achievements sustainable and address the issue of holistic sanitation, there is a need to address the entire sanitation value chain.  SBM ODF Plus (ODF+) & ODF Plus Plus (ODF ++) are geared towards achieving this objective.  The SBM ODF Plus (ODF+) protocol focuses on sustaining community/ pubic toilet usage by ensuring their functionality, cleanliness and maintenance.  The SBM ODF plus Plus (ODF ++) will focus on achieving sanitation sustainability by addressing complete sanitation value chain, including safe containment, processing and disposal of fecal sludge and septage.

104

Jal Mani Programme

 This programme is launched to provide value and quality addition to the ongoing Rural Drinking Water Supply Programme to mainly address the water quality in rural areas.  It involves installation of Stand-Alone Purification System in rural Schools.  It is implemented by the State Governments through the Gram Panchayat/Village Water and Sanitation Committees/Self Help Groups.

Har Ghar Jal

 The Mission was announced in August 2019.  The chief objective of the Mission is to provide piped water supply (Har Ghar Jal) to all rural and urban households by 2024.  It also aims to create local infrastructure for rainwater harvesting, groundwater recharge and management of household waste water for reuse in agriculture. 1. The Jal Jeevan Mission is set to be based on various water conservation efforts like point recharge, desilting of minor irrigation tanks, use of greywater for agriculture and source sustainability. 2. The Jal Jeevan Mission will converge with other Central and State Government Schemes to achieve its objectives of sustainable water supply management across the country.

Need for and significance of the mission:

 India has 16% of the world population, but only 4% of freshwater resources. Depleting groundwater level, overexploitation and deteriorating water quality, climate change, etc. are major challenges to provide potable drinking water.  It is an urgent requirement of water conservation in the country because of the decreasing amount of groundwater level. Therefore, the Jal Jeevan Mission will focus on integrated demand and supply management of water at the local level.

Swachhathon 1.0

 News: Swachhathon 1.0, the first ever Swachh Bharat Hackathon, was organized by the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation  Aim: To crowd source solutions to some of the Sanitation and Hygiene challenges faced in various parts of the country  The Ministry invited innovators from schools and colleges, institutions, start-ups and others to come up with exciting, innovative, novel and viable solutions to the following 6 challenges: 1. Monitoring usage of toilets 2. Triggering behaviour change 3. Toilet Technologies in Difficult terrains 4. Working solutions for maintenance and operations of school toilets 5. Technological solutions for safe disposal of menstrual waste 6. Solution for early decomposition of faecal matter

Swachh Iconic Place

 Shri Mata Vaishno Devi Shrine in Jammu and Kashmir has been adjudged the best ‘Swachh Iconic Place‘(clean place) in India in 2019.

105

 It is an initiative of Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation under Swachh Bharat Mission.  Aims to take iconic places and their surroundings to higher standards of Swachhata, so that all visitors benefit and also take away home the message of cleanliness.  Implementation of the project: It is a collaborative project with three other central Ministries: Urban Development, Culture, Tourism; all levels in the concerned States and more importantly, Public Sector and Private Companies as partners. 1. Phase I iconic places are: Ajmer Sharif Dargah, CST Mumbai, Golden Temple, Kamakhya Temple, MaikarnikaGhat, Meenakshi Temple, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi, Shree Jagannath Temple, The Taj Mahal and Tirupati Temple. 2. Phase II included Gangotri, Yamunotri, Mahakaleshwar Temple, Charminar, Convent and Church of St. Francis of Assissi, Kalady, Gommateswara, BaidyanathDham, Gaya Tirth and Somnath temple. 3. Phase III includes RaghavendraSwamy Temple (Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh); Hazardwari Palace (Murshidabad, West Bengal); Brahma Sarovar Temple (Kurukshetra, Haryana); VidurKuti (Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh); Mana village (Chamoli, Uttarakhand); Pangong Lake (Leh-Ladakh, J&K); Nagvasuki Temple (Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh); ImaKeithal/market (Imphal, Manipur); Sabarimala Temple (Kerala); and Kanvashram (Uttarakhand).

Ganga Gram Swachchhata Sammelan (GGSS)

 GGSS is a multi-stakeholder platform convened by Ministry of Drinking water and Sanitation to discuss ways and means for rejuvenating and cleaning Ganga basin and surrounding villages through which river Ganga flows.  Sammelan included delegates from the Ganga river states, volunteer youth organisations, Central Ministers, NGOs, Civil society and Ganga Swacchta Manch  The first such GGSS was held in December 2017, at Vigyan Bhavan Delhi during which a pilot project-Ganga Gram was launched under the Namami Ganga Programme.  Presiding The GGSS is presided over by Union Minister of Drinking Water and Sanitation.

Ganga Gram Project (GGP)

 Ganga Gram is a concept to transform the villages on the bank of river Ganga into ideal villages with emphasis on Open Defecation Free, Solid and Liquid Waste Management, Water Conservation etc.  After declaration of all 4465 Ganga Bank villages as open defecation free (ODF), the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation (MoDWS) is working in the direction of sustaining the ODF status of this area.  In this regard, Ganga Gram project has been conceived as an ideal means to sustain the ecosystem of river Ganga and its surroundings.  MoDWS along with State Governments (through which Ganga flows) identified 24 villages to be taken up as a pilot project to transform them into Ganga Grams.  These grams will set the bench mark of cleanliness and integrated effort of development. These will be converted into Ganga Grams by 31st December 2018.  Moreover 65 villages have been adopted by 13 IITs to develop as model villages.  United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) has been engaged as the executing agency for rural sanitation programme and to develop Jharkhand as a model State at an estimated cost of Rs. 127 Crore.

106

12. MINISTRY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH CAREER PROGRAM

 Biomedical Research Career Programme (BRCP), and Wellcome Trust (WT) /DBT India Alliance will continue beyond their initial 10-year term (2008-09 to 2018-19) to a new five-year phase (2019-20 to 2023-24).  It has made it attractive for high quality Indian scientists working abroad to return to India, and has increased the number of locations geographically within India where world-class biomedical research is undertaken.  In the extending phase, the Programme would continue to build this capacity as also strengthen clinical research and work towards addressing important health challenges for India.

NATURAL LANGUAGE TRANSLATION

Implementing by

• Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology • Ministry of Human Resource Development • Department of Science and Technology . To make opportunities and progress science and technology accessible to all, this mission aims to remove the barrier that the requirement of high-level of facility in English poses today. . Using a combination of machine and human translation, the mission will eventually enable access to teaching and research material bilingually i.e. in English and one’s native Indian language

QUANTUM FRONTIER

Implementing by

• Department of Science and Technology • Department of Space • Department of Atomic Energy • Defence Research and Development organisation • Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology

THEME AND PROVISIONS

. This mission aims to initiate work in control of the quantum mechanical systems, with a large number of degrees of freedom, as one of the great contemporary challenges in fundamental science and technology. . Building excellence in the quantum frontier through this mission will also be essential for national security and in the development of quantum computers, quantum chemistry, quantum communication, new materials, quantum sensors and quantum cryptography.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Implementing by

• NITI Aayog • Department of Science and Technology • Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology 107

• Department of Biotechnology

 The mission will focus on efforts that will benefit India in addressing societal needs in areas such as healthcare, education, agriculture, smart cities and infrastructure, including smart mobility and transportation.  This mission will work with extensive academia- industry interactions on developing core research capability at national level which will include international collaborations.  It will push technology frontiers through the creation of new knowledge and in developing and deploying applications

NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY MISSION

Implementing by

 Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change  Department of Biotechnology

 This mission will include a comprehensive documentation of India’s biodiversity with the potential for cataloguing and mapping all lifeforms in India including associated cultural and traditional practices.  It will focus on development of a cadre of professional’s adept at handling large sets of environmental data for management and monitoring of biodiversity; expansion of knowledge in ecosystem functioning that will inform restoration efforts; establishment of a vibrant biodiversity-based economy on a solid foundation of reliable information; engagement with the public; enhanced options for agricultural production and livelihood security and the general well-being of society.

ELECTRIC VEHICLES

Implementing by

 Department of Science and Technology  Department of Heavy Industries  Ministry of New and Renewable Energy  Ministry of Power,  NITI Aayog

 This mission is critical for India to reduce fossil fuel consumption and mitigate emissions. Electric Vehicles (EVs) are a major component of India’s mobility plans.  For EV’s to become economically viable and scalable, focused research, development and innovation are needed to build indigenous capability. Vehicles need to be energy efficient, use light and efficient batteries that function well in our conditions with materials that are recyclable. Developing vehicle subs-systems and components for Indian requirements including rare earth based 4 electric motors, Li-ion batteries, power electronics etc. will be addressed using academia industry collaboration.

BIOSCIENCE FOR HUMAN HEALTH

Implementing by

 Department of Biotechnology

108

 Department of Health Research  Department of Health  Department of Science and Technology  Department of Atomic Energy

 The mission will make use of healthy- and diseasesamples to understand the impact of nature and nurture on health.  The primary goal of the mission is to construct comprehensive reference maps of genomes and to understand the dynamics of how exposure to different environments have impact on our bodies.  The mission will focus on the genomic study of populations of humans to identify and unravel the genetic basis and prevalence of rare and inherited diseases. The outcome will help stimulate better diagnosis and treatment that can feed into the health care system of the country.

WASTE TO WEALTH

Implementing by

 Department of Biotechnology  Department of Science and Technology  Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change  Ministry of Urban Development  Swachh Bharat Abhiyan

 The goal of the Waste to Wealth mission is to identify, develop and deploy technologies to treat waste to generate energy, recycle materials and extract worth.  The mission will also work to identify and support development of new technologies that hold promise in creating a clean and green environment.  It will assist and augment the Swachh Bharat and Smart Cities project by leveraging science, technology and innovation to create circular economic models that are financially viable for waste management to streamline waste handling in India.

DEEP OCEAN EXPLORATION

Implementing by

 Ministry of Earth Sciences  Department of Biotechnology  Department of Space  Ministry of New and Renewable Energy  Oil and Natural Gas Corporation  Defence Research and Development Organisation  Geological Survey of India  National Hydrographic Office  National Biodiversity Authority

 The purposes of this mission are to scientifically explore the deep oceans towards improving our understanding of the blue frontier.  The information from this mission will address issues arising from long term changes in the ocean due to climate change. 109

 The focus areas cover the development of technologies for deep sea exploration and exploitation of living (biodiversity) and non-living (minerals) resources; development of underwater vehicles and underwater robotics; development of ocean climate change advisory services; technological innovations and conservational methods for sustainable utilization of marine bioresources; offshore based desalination techniques; and renewable energy generation.

AGNIi

 Implementing by Invest India  This mission aims to support the national efforts to boost the innovation ecosystem in the country by connecting innovators across industry, individuals and the grassroots to the market and helping commercialize innovative solutions.  It will provide a platform for innovators to bring their technology ready products and solutions to industry 6 and the market thereby helping propel techno entrepreneurship which can usher a new era of inclusive socio-economic growth.  The mission includes services across the techno commercialization chain required to support and upscale market-ready indigenous innovations.  It includes working with government R&D laboratories and academia to help commercialize their innovations; collaborate and value add to existing innovation programs; training and capacity building of scientists, innovators, technology transfer offices and technology license offices

NATIONAL INITIATIVE FOR DEVELOPMENT AND HARNESSING INNOVATIONS (NIDHI)

 Focus is on nurturing ideas and innovations (knowledge based and technology-driven) into successful startups.  The purpose of the program is to provide technological solutions to the pressing needs of the society  To create new avenues for wealth and job creation.  The programme will focus on helping startups to meet their funding, infrastructure and other mentorship needs.  There are 8 components of NIDHI that support each stage of a budding startup from idea to market.  The first component PRAYAS (Promoting and Accelerating Young and Aspiring Innovators & Startups), launched in 2016, aims to support innovators to build prototypes of their ideas by providing a grant up to Rs.10 lakhs and an access to Fabrication Laboratory (Fab Lab).  The final component is the Seed Support System which provides up to One Crore rupees per start-up and is implemented through Technology Business Incubators.  Entrepreneurs-in- Residence (EIR) Programme is one of the programs introduced under NIDHI to inspire the best talents to be entrepreneurs, to minimise the risk involved in pursuing startups, and to partially set off their opportunity costs of high paying jobs.

VISITING ADVANCED JOINT RESEARCH (VAJRA) FACULTY SCHEME

 Implementing by The Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), a Statutory body of the Department will implement the Scheme.  Sufficient fund is earmarked for the VAJRA Scheme from the overall budgetary allocation of SERB.  It is not a centrally sponsored scheme but a Central Plan Scheme and hence no State/UT-wise allocation is made.

110

 It aims to connect the Indian academic and research and development (R&D) systems to the best of global science nd scientists for a sustained international collaborative research.  It enables NRIs and overseas scientific community to participate and contribute to research and development in India.  VAJRA faculty will undertake research in S&T priority areas of nation wherein the capability and capacity are needed to be developed.  The VAJRA faculty will engage in collaborative research in public funded institutions.  The residency period of the VAJRA Faculty in India would be for a minimum of 1 month and a maximum of 3 months a year.

SURYA JYOTI

 A low cost and energy efficient Micro Solar Dome (Surya Jyoti) which captures day light and concentrates the same inside a dark room, particularly in urban slum or rural areas.  The Micro Solar Dome captures sunlight through a transparent semi-spherical upper dome and concentrates it inside a dark room.  The light passes through a sun-tube having a thin layer of highly reflective coating on the inner wall of the passage.  It also contains a lower dome having a shutter at the bottom that can be closed if light is not required in the daytime.  It is leak proof and works for almost 16 hours daily i.e. throughout the day and 4 hours after sunset.  The Photo-Voltaic Integrated Micro Solar Dome costs about Rs.1200 and the Non-Photo-Voltaic version around Rs. 500.  Surya Jyothi project aims to provide solar energy mechanism to ensure a better life for the urban poor lacking access to grid connected electricity

ATAL JAIANUSANDHAN BIOTECH MISSION – UNDERTAKING NATIONALLY RELEVANT TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION

 Implementing by Department of Biotechnology in the Ministry of Science and Technology  It is expected to transform Health, Agriculture and Energy sectors during the next 5 years.

This mission includes -

 GARBH-ini: A Mission to promote Maternal and Child Health and develop prediction tools for pre-term berth.  IndCEPI: A Mission to develop affordable vaccines for endemic diseases, Development of Biofortified and Protein Rich wheat - contributing to POSHAN Abhiyan, Mission on Anti- Microbial Resistance for Affordable Diagnostics and Therapeutics and Clean Energy Mission – Innovative Technology interventions for Swachh Bharat.  Mission on Anti-Microbial Resistance: For Affordable Diagnostics and Therapeutics, vision to develop indigenous and cost-effective therapies against AMR; categorization of AMR-specific pathogen priority list of India; establishment of Bio-repository for AMR-specific pathogens; and development of rapid and cost-effective diagnostic kits to identify AMR-specific pathogens.  Clean Energy Mission: Innovative Technology interventions for Swachh Bharat.

111

NATIONAL MISSION ON INTERDISCIPLINARY CYBERPHYSICAL SYSTEMS (NM-ICPS)

 The Mission addresses the ever-increasing technological requirements of the society and takes into account the international trends and road maps of leading countries for the next generation technologies.  The Mission aims at establishment of 15 numbers of Technology Innovation Hubs (TIH), six numbers of Application Innovation Hubs (AIH) and four numbers of Technology Translation Research Parks (TTRP).  The mission implementation would develop and bring: 1. Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) and associated technologies within reach in the country, 2. Adoption of CPS technologies to address India specific National / Regional issues, 3. Produce Next Generation skilled manpower in CPS, 4. Catalyze Translational Research, 5. Accelerate entrepreneurship and start-up ecosystem development in CPS, 6. Give impetus to advanced research in CPS, Technology development and higher education in Science, Technology and Engineering disciplines, and 7. Place India at par with other advanced countries and derive several direct and indirect benefits.

DD SCIENCE AND INDIA SCIENCE

 Implementing by The Department of Science and Technology and public broadcaster Doordarshan.  DD Science is a one-hour slot on Doordarshan national channel, India Science is an Internet- based channel.  The two science channels are the first step in creating a national science channel for India.  Developing a scientific temperament is a critical necessity in a country of 1.3 billion and these two science channels will drive that national objective, both through DTH as well as the internet.

BIRAC-BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY RESEARCH ASSISTANCE COUNCIL

 Implementing by Department of Biotechnology (DBT)  It is a not-for-profit Section 8, Schedule B, Public Sector Enterprise, set up by Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India as an Interface Agency to strengthen and empower the emerging Biotech enterprise to undertake strategic research and innovation, addressing nationally relevant product development needs.

STRATEGIES

 Foster innovation and entrepreneurship  Promote affordable innovation in key social sectors  Empowerment of start-ups & small and medium enterprises  Contribute through partners for capability enhancement and diffusion of innovation  Enable commercialization of discovery  Ensure global competitiveness of Indian enterprises

BIOTECHNOLOGY IGNITION GRANT SCHEME (BIG)

 Implementing by Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council  It is flagship programme of Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), which provides the right admixture of fuel and support to young startups and entrepreneurial individuals. 112

 The main aim of BIG scheme is to provide funding and mentoring support to establish and validate proof of concept. Funding will be in the form of Grant‐in‐Aid limited up‐to Rs 50 Lakh.

PURPOSE

 Foster generation of ideas with commercialization potential  Upscale and validate of proof of concept  Encourage researchers to take technology closer to market through a start up  Stimulate enterprise formation  As part of this scheme, successful BIG Innovators receive up to INR 50 lakh (USD 70,000 approx.) for research projects with commercialization potential with duration of up to 18 months.

THE MAKE TOMORROW FOR INNOVATION GENERATION

 It is a PPP Initiative between Department of Science & Technology, Intel Technologies and Indo -US S&T Forum.  The programme encouraged the school children of the age group of 14-17 to make innovative prototypes using the kits given to them.

TEACHER ASSOCIATESHIP FOR RESEARCH EXCELLENCE (TARE) SCHEME

 Implementing by Science and Engineering Research Board, DST  It aims to tap the latent potential of faculty working in state universities, colleges and private academic institutions who are well trained but have difficulty in pursuing their research due to varied reasons including lack of facilities, funding and guidance.  This scheme facilitates mobility of such faculty members to carryout research in well- established public funded institution such as IITs, IISc, IISERS and other National Institutions (NITs, CSIR, ICAR, ICMR labs, etc.).  Up to 500 TAs will be supported under this scheme.

SERB DISTINGUISHED INVESTIGATOR AWARD (DIA)

 Implementing by Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), DST  It has been initiated to recognize and reward Principal Investigators (PIs) of SERB/DST projects who have performed remarkably well.  The scheme aims not only to reward the best PIs of completed projects but also to motivate the ongoing PIs to perform exceedingly well.  DIA is a one-time career award devised to specifically cater to the younger scientists who have not received any other prestigious awards or fellowships.  The award carries a fellowship of Rs. 15,000/- p.m. and an optional research grant for three years, based on peer review of the project proposal submitted.

AWSAR (AUGMENTING WRITING SKILLS FOR ARTICULATING RESEARCH)

 It has been initiated to encourage, empower and endow popular science writing through newspapers, magazines, blogs, social media, etc.  The scheme aims to tap this tremendous potential to popularize & communicate science and also to inculcate scientific temperament in the masses.

113

 AWSAR carries monetary incentive of Rs. 10,000/- each for 100 best entries from PhD scholars in a year along with a Certificate of Appreciation besides getting the story published/projected in mass media.

Visiting Advanced Joint Research Faculty scheme(VAJRA)

 Scheme enables NRIs and overseas scientific community to participate and contribute to research and development in India.  The Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), a Statutory body of the Department of Science and Technology will implement the Scheme.  Foreign researchers of Indian origin or otherwise can collaborate with faculties in public funded Indian institutions.  The researchers would receive endowments at par with those in their own countries. They would be given USD 15,000 in the first month of residency and USD 10,000, for the remaining months.  The scheme would promote broad areas of research like energy, health, advance material among others.  Public funded academic institutions and national laboratories will be eligible for hosting the VAJRA Faculty.  The VAJRA faculty can reside in India for a minimum of 1 month and a maximum of 3 months a year.  The applications received from the interested foreign researchers would be evaluated by a Selection Committee of eminent scientists.  The Committee will meet twice a year in January and July and make recommendations.

Vigyan Gram Sankul Pariyojana

 Pt. DeenDayalUpadhayay Vigyan Gram SankulPariyojana is an initiative for the upliftment and economic development of rural areas in the country.  It aims to formulate and implement appropriate S&T interventions for sustainable development through cluster approach.  The key deliverable in this approach is to utilise local resources and locally available skill sets and convert them in a manner using science and technology, that substantial value addition takes place in their local produce and services which can sustain the rural population locally.  Practice of agriculture, agro-based cottage industries and animal husbandry in an eco-friendly manner will be emphasized during the implementation of the project.  Few clusters of villages in Uttarakhand are selected by the ministry for transforming them to become self-sustainable in a time bound manner through the tools of Science and Technology (S&T).

Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems Mission

. The NM-ICPS is a comprehensive Mission which would address technology development, application development, human resource development & skill enhancement, entrepreneurship and start-up development in Cyber Physical System (CPS) and associated technologies. . The Mission aims at establishment of 15 Technology Innovation Hubs (TIH), six Application Innovation Hubs (AIH) and four Technology Translation Research Parks (TTRP). . These Hubs & TTRPs will connect to Academics, Industry, Central Ministries and State Government in developing solutions at reputed academic, R&D and other organizations across the country in a hub and spoke model.

114

. The Hubs & TTRPs have four focused areas along which the Mission implementation would proceed, namely:  Technology Development,  HRD & Skill Development,  Innovation, Entrepreneurship & Start-ups Ecosystem Development, and  International Collaborations. . Artificial Intelligence (Al), Internet of Things (loT), Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DP), Big Data Analytics, Robotics, Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication, Quantum encryption (Quantum Key Distribution) are associated technologies of CPS.

Biotech KISAN (Krishi Innovation Science Application Network)

. Its purpose is to connect farmers, scientist and science institution across country. . Under it, fellowship will be given to women farmers for training and education in farm practice. . Under it scientists will spend time on farms and link communication tools to soil, water seed and market. . The main aim of the scheme is to understand individual problems of the small holding farmers and provide ready solutions. . It will be implemented in 15 agro-climatic zones of India in phased manner with objective of linking new technology to farm by understanding problem of local farmer . Biotech-KISAN will connect farmers to best global practices; training workshops will be held in India and other countries. Farmers and Scientists will partner across the globe

Cattle Genomics

 The scheme aimed to enhance selective breeding of the native livestock to ensure high-yielding, disease-resistant, resilient livestock.  The main objective is to predict breeding values of animal, using DNA level information with performance record, more accurately and identify genetic worth of animal (elite animal) at an early age.  Through this programme, the government aims to improve the genetic health of the cattle population through genomic selection.  The programme also envisages development of high-density DNA chips.  This will reduce the cost and time interval for future breeding programmes and productivity of indigenous cattle would be enhanced.  The cattle genomics programme is being implemented by National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, an autonomous Institute funded by the Department.

National Biopharma Mission

 The National Biopharma Mission (NBM) is an industry-academia collaborative mission for accelerating biopharmaceutical development in the country.  It was launched in 2017 at a total cost of Rs 1500 crore and is 50% co-funded by World Bank loan.  It is being implemented by the Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC).

o BIRAC is a Public Sector Enterprise, set up by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT).

 The oversight to the mission activities is provided by the inter-ministerial Steering Committee chaired by the Secretary-DBT (Ministry of Science & Technology).

115

 The Technical Advisory Group (TAG) chaired by an eminent scientist provides scientific leadership to the mission drawing upon global expertise.  Under this Mission, the Government has launched Innovate in India (i3) programme to create an enabling ecosystem to promote entrepreneurship and indigenous manufacturing in the biopharma sector.  It has a focus on following four verticals: o Development of product leads for Vaccines , Biosimilars and Medical Devices that are relevant to the public health need by focussing on managed partnerships. o Upgradation of shared infrastructure facilities and establishing them as centres of product discovery/discovery validations and manufacturing. o Developing human capital by providing specific training. o Developing technology transfer offices to help enhance industry academia inter- linkages.

Schemes related to Brain Drain Reversal

 The schemes launched to reverse the process of infamous ‗brain drain‘ have finally started yielding results.  This was reflected in the data presented at the first joint conclave of India‘s top three science fellowships.  The three science fellowships are as follow, 1. Ramanujan Fellowship of the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), 2. Ramalingaswami Re-entry Fellowship of the Department of Biotechnology (DBT)

3. INSPIRE Faculty Fellowship of the Department of Science and Technology (DST).

 The schemes cover all major disciplines of science.  The Ramanujan Fellowship is meant for brilliant scientists from all over the world to take up scientific research positions in India.  The Ramalingaswami Re-entry Faculty Fellowship of DBT was meant to bring back Indian scientists working abroad so that they can pursue their research interests of national relevance.  INSPIRE Faculty Scheme opens up an 'Assured Opportunity for Research Career (AORC)' for young researchers in the age group of 27-32 years.

NIDHI (National Initiative for Developing and Harnessing Innovations)

 Programmes for setting up of incubators, seed fund, accelerators and ‘Proof of concept’ grant for innovators and entrepreneurs have been launched.  Under NIDHI, PRAYAS (Promoting and Accelerating Young and Aspiring innovators & Startups) programme has been initiated in which established Technology Business Incubators (TBI) are supported with PRAYAS grant to support innovators and entrepreneurs with grants for ‘Proof of Concept’ and developing prototypes.  A maximum grant of Rs. 220 lakh is given to a TBI for establishing a PRAYAS Centre which includes Rs.100 lakh for PRAYAS SHALA, Rs. 20 lakh for operational cost of PRAYAS Centre and maximum of Rs. 10 lakh to one innovator for developing prototype. Funding for ten innovators is given to the TBI in a year.

116

INSPIRE (Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research)/ MANAK (Million Minds Augmenting National Aspiration and Knowledge)

 The scheme covers students in the age group of 10-32 years and has five components. The first component, INSPIRE Award aims to motivate students, in the age group of 10-15 years and studying in classes 6 to 10, to pursue Science and a career in Research.  The INSPIRE Award – MANAK is being revamped and executed by Department of Science & Technology and National Innovation Foundation-India to align it with the action plan for “Start- up India” initiative. The scheme aims to help build a critical human resource pool for strengthening, expand science and technology system and increase the research & development base on the same by inviting students from all government and private schools throughout the country and enabling them to send their original & creative technological ideas/innovations on the same.  Students will be invited from all government or private schools throughout the country, irrespective of their educational boards (national and state) to send original and creative technological ideas/innovations focusing on common problems and come up with solutions on their own., be it household or for porters, labourers, society or the likes. Once the student has thought of an idea, he/she can submit their ideas to the Principal/Headmaster of their schools.

SATYAM

 SATYAM stands for Science and Technology of Yoga and Meditation is a new programme launched by DST to rejuvenate research on yoga and Meditation.  Its objective is to tap potential for safer, holistic and cost effective treatment of physical and mental health problems.

KIRAN (Knowledge Involvement in Research Advancement through Nurturing)

 To provide various career opportunities to women scientists and technologists.  It is primarily aimed to bring gender parity in the Science & Technology sector by inducting more women talent in the research & development domain through various programmes.  It also provides fellowship support ranging from Rs 25000 to 55000 to women ranging in the age group 27 to 57 years for continuing higher education in Science and Technology after a break in career.

Nakshe Portal

 It was launched by the Ministry for Science & Technology and Earth Sciences, on the occasion of 250th anniversary of Survey of India (SoI).  Topographic maps containing natural and man-made geographical features including terrain or topography are prepared by the SoI and it is made available for free download from ―nakshe‖ web portal.  Survey of India is the oldest scientific department in India, created in 1767 and one of the oldest survey establishments in the world.

Farmer Zone

 A collective open-source data platform for smart agriculture which will use biological research and data to improve the lives of small and marginal farmers.  The platform will connect farmers and scientists, government officials, thought leaders in agriculture, economists and representatives from global companies who work in the big-data and e-commerce space to bring about technology-based localised Agri-solutions. 117

 It is envisaged that Farmer Zone will help cater to all needs of the farmer, from dealing with climate change, weather predictions and soil, water, and seed requirements to providing market intelligence.  It was unveiled in the ―Smart Agriculture Conclave organised by Department of Biotechnology (DBT), under the Ministry of Science and Technology.

118

13. MINISTRY OF SPACE

YOUNG SCIENTIST PROGRAM - YUVA VIGYANI KARYAKRAM (YUVIKA)

 Aims to impart basic knowledge on Space Technology, Space Science and Space Applications to students with interest in emerging areas of Space activities.  Students who have finished 8th standard and currently studying in 9th standard will be eligible for the program.  It will be a residential training program of around two week’s duration during summer holidays. 3 students will be selected from each State/UT to participate in this program every year covering CBSE, ICSE, and State syllabus.  ISRO has approached Chief Secretaries of the respective States to arrange for the selection of three students for each of their State.  Selection is based on academic performance and extracurricular activities. Students belonging to rural area have been given special weightage in the selection criteria.

CRITERIA

1. Performance in the 8th Std Examination (50% Weightage), 2. Membership of Science Club/Space Club (5% Weightage), 3. Prize in any school based individual extracurricular activity at District/State/National/International level; 4. Winners of District/State/National/International level sports activities; 5. Scout and Guides/NCC/NSS Member; 6. Studying in Village school (20% weightage)

 ISRO will bear the expenses of the entire course.

RESPOND PROGRAM

 Aims to establish strong links with premier academic institutions in the country to carry out R&D projects which are of relevance to Space and derive useful outputs of such R&D to support ISRO program.

119

14. MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

Make II Scheme

 Make II Scheme corresponds to Make in India initiative in Defence production.  The provision of 'Make' category in Defence procurement Procedure is a pillar for realising the vision behind Make in India.  Make Scheme fosters indigenous capabilities through design & development of required defence equipment/product/upgrades by both public and private sector industry in a faster time frame.  Make I scheme is Government-funded and the projects under Make-I sub-category will involve Government funding of 90%.  Make II scheme is Industry-funded and the projects involve development of products/equipment for which no government funding will be provided for development purposes.  Separate procedure for ‘Make-II’ sub-category has been notified wherein a number of industry friendly provisions such as relaxation of eligibility criterion, minimal documentation, provision for considering proposals suggested by industry/individual etc., have been introduced. Till date, 36 proposals for development by industry have been given ‘In-principle’ approval under Make- II.

Mission Raksha Gyan Shakti

 In a major boost to Mission Raksha Gyan Shakti, a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) has been signed between the Intellectual Property Facilitation Cell (IPFC), Ministry of Defence (MoD) and National Research Development Corporation (NRDC), Ministry of Science and Technology to provide a major fillip to the ongoing efforts towards promoting a culture of Innovation and Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in Indian Defence industry.  Mission Raksha Gyan Shakti was launched in the year 2018 with the aim to inculcate IP culture in Indian defence manufacturing ecosystem.  Under this mission, an Intellectual Property Facilitation Cell (IPFC) was established under the aegis of Directorate General Quality Assurance (DGQA).  The Directorate General of Quality Assurance (DGQA) has been entrusted with the responsibility of coordinating and implementing the programme.  The centre, within a short span of a year, has achieved the challenging target of training more than 12,000 personnel on IPR and facilitating filing of more than 1000 new IPR applications.  The Action Plan 2019-20 of MRGS includes training of additional 20,000 personnel from Public / Private Sector Industry and Armed Forces on relevance of IP Culture to Indian Defence manufacturing industry and to institute a framework which enables full utilization of new ideas and innovation towards achieving self-reliance in defence sector.

One Rank One Pension Scheme

 The scheme promises equal pension to military personnel retiring in the same rank with the same length of service, regardless of the date of retirement.  OROP would be fixed based on the calendar year 2013 as the average of minimum and maximum pension in 2013 and those drawing pensions above the average will be protected.  Only those who retired before the plan kicked in would be entitled to OROP.  Personnel who voluntarily retire will not be covered under the OROP scheme.  In future, the pension would be re-fixed every 5 years.  The estimated cost to exchequer is expected to be Rs 8,000 to 10,000 Crore and will increase in future. 120

15. MINISTRY OF EARTH SCIENCE

ACROSS (ATMOSPHERE & CLIMATE RELATED MODELLING OBSERVING SYSTEMS AND SERVICES)

 Ministry of Earth Sciences though India Metereological Department (IMD), IITM, National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting, INCOIS  To provide improved weather, climate and ocean forecast and services, thereby ensuring transfer of commensurate benefits to the various services like Public Weather service, disaster management, Agro-meteorological services, Aviation services, Environmental monitoring services, Hydro-meteorological services, climate services, tourism, pilgrimage, power generation, water management, Sport and adventure etc.  National Facility for Airborne Research (NFAR) to be established with a financial commitment of Rs 130 crore during 2020-21.

ACROSS Scheme

 ACROSS scheme pertains to the atmospheric science programs of the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES).  It addresses different aspects of weather and climate services, which includes warnings for cyclone, storm surges, heat waves, thunderstorms etc.  Each of these aspects is incorporated as nine sub-schemes under the umbrella scheme “ACROSS” and is implemented in an integrated.  The ACROSS scheme consists of nine sub-programmes which are multi-disciplinary and multi institutional in nature and will be implemented in an integrated manner.  As the objective of the ACROSS scheme is to provide a reliable weather and climate forecast for betterment of society, the scheme will aim at improving skill of weather and climate forecast through sustained observations, intensive R & D.  The schemes will be implemented in an integrated manner by 4 institutes – India Meteorological Department (IMD), Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM), National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF), and Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Service (INCOIS)

O-SMART

 Ocean Services, Technology, Observations, Resources Modelling and Science (O-SMART) is an umbrella scheme for the development of ocean activities.  Its implementation period is from 2017-18 to 2019-20.  It aimed at stepping up ocean research and setting up early warning weather systems.  The important deliverables under the scheme are, 1. Strengthening of ocean observations, modelling, ocean services for fishermen, 2. Setting up marine coastal observatories for tracking marine pollution in 2018, 3. Setting up Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Plant (OTEC) in Kavaratti in Lakshadweep. 4. Setting up of the state-of-the-art Early Warning Systems to deal with ocean disasters like tsunami, storm surges.

 The technologies developed under this Scheme will help in harnessing the vast ocean resources of both living and non-living resources from the seas.

121

Sagar Vani

 Sagar Vani is an integrated information dissemination system that primarily serves fishermen community with advisories and alerts towards their livelihood as well as their safety at Sea.  The information to be disseminated is given by INCOIS under Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES).  Services will be disseminated in local languages using advanced artificial intelligence and machine learning capabilities.  It uses power of television and cable network mediums for alert dissemination services.  The system also has the facility to provide access to various stakeholders, NGOs, State Fishery Departments, Disaster Management Authorities to further disseminate these information and alerts.

Gramin Krishi Mausam Seva

 The scheme is implemented by India Meteorological Department in collaboration with State Agricultural Universities /Indian Council of Agricultural Research etc.  It issues crop and location specific weather based agro advisories for the benefit of farming community.  The Agro-meteorological Advisory Services (AAS) under the GKMS is operated to prepare biweekly weather based bulletins.  The information is transmitted through multimedia channels and SMS to help farmers plan farm operations accordingly.

122

16. MINISTRY OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY

MAKE IN INDIA 2.0

 Financed by 1. DPIIT would spearhead the Champion Sector Initiative for manufacturing 2. Department of Commerce would spearhead the Champion Sectors Initiative for Services

 12 Champion Sector Scheme for Service Sector: 1. IT & ITES 2. Tourism and Hospitality Services 3. Medical Value Travel 4. Transport and Logistics Services 5. Accounting and Finance Services 6. Audio Visual Services 7. Legal Services 8. Communication Services 9. Construction and Related Engineering Services 10. Environmental Services 11. Financial Services 12. Education Services

 A dedicated fund of Rs 500 crores has been proposed to be established to support the Action Plans of the champion sectors.  Sectoral Action plans and implementation of Champion Services Sectors for these identified sectors.  15 Champion Sectors identified under manufacturing category are: 1. Aerospace and Defence 2. Automotive and Auto components 3. Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices 4. Bio-technology 5. Capital Goods 6. Textile and Apparels 7. Chemicals and Petro Chemicals 8. Electronics System Design and Manufacturing 9. Leather and Footwear 10. Food Processing 11. Gems and Jewellery 12. Shipping 13. Railways 14. Construction 15. New and Renewable Energy

TRADE INFRASTRUCTURE FOR EXPORT SCHEME (TIES)

 Financed by 1. The Central Government funding will be in the form of grant-in-aid, normally not more than the equity being put in by the implementing agency or 50% of the total equity in the project. 2. In case of projects located in North Eastern States and Himalayan States including J&K, this grant can be up to 80% of the total equity. 123

 The TIES scheme is being implemented for a period of 3 years w.e.f. F.Y. 2017-18.  The objective of this scheme is to enhance export competitiveness by bridging gaps in export infrastructure, creating focused export infrastructure, first mile and last mile connectivity for export-oriented projects and addressing quality and certification measures.  The main focus is to create appropriate infrastructure for development and growth of exports through engagement of Central/State Agencies by extending assistance to them.  The Central and State Agencies, including Export Promotion Councils, Commodities Boards, SEZ Authorities and Apex Trade Bodies recognised under the EXIM policy of Government of India; are eligible for financial support under this scheme.

MARKET ACCESS INITIATIVE SCHEME (MAIS)

 MAI Scheme is a Plan scheme formulated to act as a catalyst to promote India’s exports on a sustained basis.  Under the scheme, assistance is provided to Export Promotion Councils, Commodity Boards and Apex Trade Bodies.  Assistance under MAI Scheme is granted through designated Trade Organization for various activities covered under the Scheme. The approval process of proposals involve scrutiny through Committee empowered under the Scheme.

DUTY REMISSION SCHEMES

 Duty neutralization / remission schemes are based on the principle and the commitment of the Government that “Goods and Services are to be exported and not the Taxes and Levies”.  Advance Authorization Scheme: It allows duty free import of inputs, along with fuel, oil, and catalyst etc., required for manufacturing the export product.  Duty Free Import Authorization (DFIA): Under this, Duty Free Import Authorization shall be issued on post export basis for products for which Standard Input Output Norms (SION) have been notified, once export is completed.

 Schemes for Gems & Jewellery Sector: Gems & Jewellery exports constitute a major portion of our total merchandise exports. The Schemes for Gems and Jewellery Sector are as follows: 1. Advance Procurement/replenishment of Precious Metals from Nominated Agencies 2. Replenishment Authorization for Gems 3. Replenishment Authorization for Consumables 4. Advance Authorization for Precious Metals

EXPORT PROMOTION OF CAPITAL GOODS SCHEME

 AIM is to facilitate import of capital goods for producing quality goods and services to enhance India’s export competitiveness.  It allows import of capital goods at Zero customs duty subject to an export obligation equivalent to 6 times of duties, taxes and cess saved on capital goods, to be fulfilled in 6 years reckoned from date of issue of Authorisation.

INTEREST EQUALIZATION SCHEME

 CCEA approved the Interest Equalization Scheme of which Operational guidelines of the scheme were issued by RBI.  The rate of interest equalization will be available on Pre- Shipment Rupee Export Credit and Post Shipment Rupee Export Credit. 124

 The scheme will be available to all exports under 416 specified tariff lines [at ITC (HS) code of 4 digits] and to all exports made by Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) across all ITC (HS) codes.  Scheme would not be available to merchant exporters.

KIMBERLEY PROCESS CERTIFICATION SCHEME

 The Kimberley Process (KP is a joint government, industry and civil society initiative to stem the flow of conflict diamonds (rough diamonds used by rebel movements to finance wars against legitimate government).  Kimberley Process Certification Scheme (KPCS) is an UN mandated international certification scheme.  It requires each participant to impose internal control over production and trade of rough diamonds. Trading in rough diamonds with a non-participant is not allowed. All exports of rough diamonds have to be accompanied by a valid KP Certificate stating that diamonds are conflict free.  India is one of the founding members of KPCS.

STATUTORY BODIES

AGRICULTURAL AND PROCESSED FOOD PRODUCTS EXPORT DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (APEDA)

 Established by the Government of India under the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority Act passed by the Parliament in December, 1985.  APEDA has been entrusted with the responsibility of export promotion and development of 14 agricultural and processed food products groups listed in the First Schedule of the APEDA Act.

THE MARINE PRODUCTS EXPORT DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (MPEDA)

 The Marine Products Export Development Authority was set up as a Statutory Body in 1972 under an Act of Parliament.  The Authority is responsible for development of the marine industry with special focus on marine exports.

EXPORT INSPECTION COUNCIL OF INDIA (EIC)

 Established as a Statutory Body on 1st January, 1964 under Section 3 of the Export (Quality Control and Inspection) Act, 1963 to ensure sound development of export trade of India through quality control and inspection and for matters connected there with.  The EIC is an advisory body to the Central Government and is headed by a Chairman appointed by the Central Government.

Transport and Marketing Assistance Scheme

 Specified agriculture products scheme aims to provide assistance for the international component of freight and marketing of agricultural produce which is likely to mitigate disadvantage of higher cost of transportation of export of specified agriculture products due to trans-shipment and to promote brand recognition for Indian agricultural products in the specified overseas markets.  The scheme would be suitably included in the Foreign Trade Policy (2015-20). a. All exporters, duly registered with relevant Export Promotion Council as per Foreign Trade Policy, of eligible agriculture products shall be covered under this scheme. 125

b. The assistance, at notified rates, will be available for export of eligible agriculture products to the permissible countries, as specified from time to time.

Start Up India Scheme

 It aims at fostering entrepreneurship and promoting innovation by creating an ecosystem that is conducive for growth of Start-ups.  According to the scheme, an entity headquartered in India shall be considered as a Startup up to 10 years from the date of its incorporation/ registration.  The annual turnover should also not exceed INR 100 crore in any preceding financial year and Entity should not have been formed by splitting up or reconstructing a business already in existence.  It provides - 1. Simple Compliance Regime for startups based on Self-certification. 2. Single window clearance based on mobile App. 3. Startup India Hub to handhold startups during various phases of their development 4. Legal support and fast-track patent examination by reducing 80% of the patent cost. 5. Faster exit for startups through modified new bankruptcy code ensuring 90 days exit window. 6. Credit Guarantee Fund for startups through Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI). 7. Providing funding support through a Fund of Funds with a corpus of Rupees 10,000 crore 8. Tax exemption on capital gains invested in Fund of Funds. 9. Tax exemption to startups for 3 years. 10. Exemption from labour inspection for 3 years. 11. Launch of innovation hub through Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) with Self –Employment and Talent Utilization (SETU) Program of NITI Aayog 12. Harnessing private sector expertise for setting up incubators.

 No letter of recommendation from an incubator/industry association shall be required for either recognition or tax benefits.  The initiative is also aimed at promoting entrepreneurship among SCs/STs, women communities.  Rural India's version of Startup India was named the Deen Dayal Upadhyay Swaniyojan Yojana, which is developed by rural development ministry backed by MUDRA loans.  The Swaniyojan Yojana will be funded by the existing National Rural Livelihood Mission of the rural development ministry.

Startup Academia Alliance Programme

 Startup India has recently launched the Startup Academia Alliance programme.  It is a unique mentorship opportunity between academic scholars and startups working in similar domains.  It aims to reduce the gap between scientific research and its industrial applications in order to increase the efficacy and impact of these technologies.  The first phase of the programme was launched in partnership with Regional Centre for Biotechnology and TERI.  The applications for Startup Academia Alliance were hosted on the Startup India Hub, a one-stop destination for startups to apply for opportunities such as incubator and accelerator programmes as well as challenges organized by corporate stakeholders

126

Integrate to Innovate Programme

 It is a 3-month corporate acceleration programme for energy startups housed at the corporate premises.  The selected startups will receive a cash prize grant of upto ₹ 5 Lakh per startup along with an opportunity to pilot their product with corporates.  The corporates would offer startups access to technology, technical and commercial mentorship and access to potential customers through the corporate network of partners.  It is developed by Invest India and energy sector companies.  Entries are invited from innovators across various stages of the energy life-cycle— generation, distribution and consumption—in multiple sectors such as households, farm, industry, infrastructure, building, utility and transport. e-Biz

 It is a part of the 27 Mission Mode Projects (MMPs) under National e-Governance Programme.  The platform is to improve the business environment in the country by enabling fast and efficient access to Government- to-Business (G2B) services through a customer-centric single window onlineportal.  A business user can avail all services 24x7 online end-to-end services i.e., online submission of forms, attachments, payments, tracking of status.  It will allow business users to obtain a customized list of licenses, permits, and regulations that they require or need to comply with across all levels of government i.e., Central, State and Local governments. a. Enable entrepreneurs to submit one integrated application for multiple licenses and make a consolidated payment for the various licenses that they require b. Reduce the number of procedures and correspondingly the cost and time taken for obtaining approvals for starting and operating a business.

Scheme for IPR awareness

 A 'Scheme for IPR awareness – Creative India; Innovative India' has been launched by Cell for IPR Promotion and Management (CIPAM).  It aims at raising IPR awareness amongst students, youth, authors, artists, budding inventors and professionals to inspire them to create, innovate and protect their creations and inventions across the country.  Area of Coverage of the scheme - Pan India, including Tier 1, Tier 2, Tier 3 cities as well as rural areas.  Total project Duration - 3 years (2017 – 2020).  CIPAM - It is a professional body under the aegis of Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion.  It works to take forward the implementation of the National IPR policy and creates public awareness about IPR in the country.  The Scheme for IPR Awareness would be implemented through partner organizations to promote innovation and entrepreneurship

Revenue Insurance Scheme for Plantation Crops

 To protect plantation growers from the risks such as pest attacks, yield loss and income decline caused by fall in prices.

127

 RISPC announced in September 2016 is improved form of the Price Stabilization Fund (PSF- for pulses and Agri-horticultural commodities) Scheme, 2003 which was closed 2013.  It was launched for protecting growers of plantation crops from twin risks of :

 Yield loss due to pest attacks, adverse weather parameters etc. and

 Income loss caused by fall in domestic and international prices.

 It shall be covering tea, coffee, rubber, cardamom and tobacco plantations and shall be implemented by the commodity boards.  It will be implemented on a pilot basis for two years i.e. till 2018 in eight districts in West Bengal, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka, Sikkim and Tamil Nadu.  On the basis of performance of the scheme in pilot project, it will be considered for extension to other districts.

NiryatBandhu Scheme

 To reach out to the new and potential exporters and mentor them to get into international trade and boost exports from India.  Niryat Bandhu at Your Desktop” an online certificate programme in export import business under the Niryat Bandhu Scheme of the Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT), Department of Commerce.  The objective of the Niryat Bandhu Scheme is to reach out to the new and potential exporters and mentor them through orientation programmes, counselling sessions, individual facilitation, etc., for being able to get into international trade and boost exports from India.

Schemes under Foreign Trade policy of India

 Merchandise Exports from India Scheme (MEIS) MEIS aims to accelerate the export of manufactured products from India. VisheshKrishi and Gram UdyogYojana (VKGUY)  Under this scheme, Duty Credit Scrip benefits are granted with an aim to compensate high transport costs and to offset other disadvantages to promote exports of agricultural produce, minor forest produce etc.  The duty credit scrip is a pass that allows the holder to import commodities by not paying a specified amount in import duties and the scrip can also be traded in the market.  Exporters are given this duty exemption scrips pegged at a certain percentage of the total value of their exports.

Focus Market Scheme

 It aims to increase the competitiveness of exports to global markets by reducing freight cost and other duties.  The exporters will get duty credit scrip as an economic incentive.  It is available only for the export of goods and not for services and only for specified markets.

Focus Product Scheme

 Focus Product Scheme incentivizes export of such products which have high export intensity / employment potential, in order to offset infrastructure inefficiencies and other associated costs involved in marketing of these products.

128

Served from India Scheme

 Served from India Scheme helps to accelerate growth in export of services.  All Indian Service Providers who have free foreign exchange earning of at least Rs. 10 Lakhs and individual Indian Service providers with minimum foreign exchange earnings of Rs. 5 lakh in preceding financial year / current financial year shall qualify for Duty Credit Scrip.  The Duty Credit Scrip will be equivalent to 10% of foreign exchange earned during current financial year.

129

17. MINISTRY OF HEAVY INDUSTRIES & PUBLIC ENTERPRISES

CHARGING INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES - GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS

 Released by Ministry of Power.  Enable faster adoption of EVs by ensuring safe, reliable, accessible and affordable Charging Infrastructure and ecosystem  Promote affordable tariff chargeable from EV owners and Charging Station Operators  Private Charging at residences/offices shall be permitted. DISCOMs may facilitate the same.  Setting up of Public Charging Stations to be a de-licensed activity (No license required Electricity Act, 2003) and any individual/entity is free to set up public charging stations which meet technical and performance standards laid down by Ministry of Power and Central Electricity Authority.  Connectivity to be given on priority by the Distribution Company in the area to any person willing to set up Public Charging Station.  Any Charging Station/Chain of Charging Stations may also obtain electricity from any generation company through open access.  Charging station to be set up every 3 km in cities and every 25 km on both sides of highways.  Tariff for supply of electricity to electric vehicle public charging station shall not be more than the average cost of supply plus 15%.  International Standards that are prevalent and used by most vehicle manufacturers internationally are: 1. CCS (Combined Charging System) (European Standards): It is a global standard for EV charging, supported by Charging Interface Initiative (CharIN e.V.), a global coalition of global automotive companies. The CCS supports both AC and DC electric vehicles. 2. CHadeMO abbreviation for Charge de Move, equivalent to move using charge. It is fast charging technology standard. CHadeMO standard was formed by Tokyo Electric Power Company, Nissan, Mitsubishi, Fuji Heavy Industries and Toyota. It uses DC fast charging technology. 3. Guobiao standards also called (GB/T) (Chinese)

INDIAN STANDARDS

 Bharat EV - AC 001 (Bharat DC - 001)  Bharat EV - DC 001 (Bharat AC - 001)  Rollout for EV Public Charging Infrastructure

In Phase-I (1-3 Years)

a. Will cover Mega cities with population of 4 million plus, all existing expressways and important Highways connected to these Mega Cities will be covered. b. Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Kolkata, Surat, Pune. c. List of Corridors included are Mumbai-Pune Expressway, Ahmedabad-Vadodara Expressway, Delhi-Agra Yamuna Expressway, Delhi-Jaipur, Bengaluru-Mysore, Bengaluru-Chennai, Surat- Mumbai Expressway, Agra-Lucknow Expressway, Eastern Peripheral Expressway, Delhi-Agra NH2 Expressway, Hyderabad ORR Expressway, 5 connected highways to each megacit

FAME India Scheme

 Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of (Hybrid &) Electric Vehicles in India(FAME), launched in 2015, is to support hybrid/electric vehicles market development and Manufacturing eco-system.

130

 The scheme was initially upto April 2017 and it has been extended upto 31st March, 2019.  Based on the experience of FAME – I, theMinistry has notified Phase – II for the period of 3 years commencing from April 1, 2019.  In phase II, the government is targeting a fully (100%) electric fleet for public transport, including buses, taxis and auto-rickshaws.  The outlay of Rs. 10,000 crore has been made, in which Rs.1000 crore has been earmarked for setting up charging stations for electric vehicles.  Incentives will be offered for electric buses, three-wheelers and four-wheelers to be used for commercial purposes.  Plug-in hybrid vehicles and those with a sizeable lithium-ion battery and electric motor will also be included in the scheme and fiscal support offered depending on the size of the battery.  The centre plans to roll out an incentive of Rs. 10,000 per kilowatt (kW) for two-, three- and four-wheelers, based on the size of their batteries.  R&D projects and EV technologies, including for battery development, are being supported under the Scheme.

131

18. MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS

CCWCS

 Cyber Crime prevention against Women and Children Scheme aims to have an effective mechanism to handle cybercrimes against women and children in the country.  The main features of the scheme are given below: a. Online cybercrime reporting platform b. One national level cyber forensic laboratory c. Training of Police officers, judges & prosecutors d. Cybercrime awareness activities e. Research & Development

 ‘Police and Public’ are State subject as per the Constitution of India.  So, States are primarily responsible for prevention, detection and investigation of crime through their Law Enforcement Agencies.  The Agencies take legal action as per the relevant sections of the IPC and the IT Act, 2000.  The online cybercrime reporting portal www.cybercrime.gov.in has been operationalized.

Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems

 It is a Mission Mode Project (MMP) under the National e-Governance Plan of Govt. of India.  It is aimed to create a comprehensive and integrated system for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of Police.  A nationwide networked infrastructure for evolution of IT-enabled state-of-the-art tracking system around ―investigation of crime and detection of criminals‖ will be created to automate police functions at police Station and higher levels.  It will also create facilities and mechanism to provide public services like registration of online complaints, ascertaining the status of case registered at the police station, verification of persons etc.

Bharat Ke Veer

 It is an online portal in which anyone can make fiscal contributions to the families of martyrs of the CAPF.  CAPF includes Assam rifles (AR), Border security force (BSF), National security guards(NSG), Central industrial security force (CISF), Central reserve police force (CRPF) , Indo-Tibetan border police force (ITBT), National disaster response force (NDRF), Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB).  Through this portal one can donate directly to individual Martyrs account (max of Rs.15 lakhs) or may donate to the Bharat Ke Veer corpus fund.  Bharat Ke Veer corpus would be managed by a committee made up of eminent persons and senior government officials, in equal number, who would decide to disburse the fund equitably to the families on need basis.

Operation Muskaan/Operation Smile

 The main aim of the programme is to prevent child trafficking and rescue children from persons who try to engage them in begging, sexual trade and other antisocial activities.  Specially trained police teams would screen all children residing in shelter homes, railway platforms, bus stands, roads and religious places.

132

Prime Minister's Scholarship Scheme

 The Scheme is under the aegis of the National Defence Fund.  It was introduced from the academic year 2006-07 to encourage higher technical & professional education for the dependent wards & widows of Central Armed Police Forces & Assam Rifles (CAPFs & AR) Personnel.  Recently the government has made major change to the scheme.  The rates of scholarship have been increased from Rs 2,000/month to Rs 2,500.month for boys and from Rs 2,250/month to Rs 3,000/month for girls."  The ambit of the scholarship scheme is extended to the wards of state police officials who are/were martyred during terror/Naxal attacks.  The quota of new scholarships for wards of state police officials will be 500 in a year.  The Ministry of Home Affairs will be the nodal ministry in this regard.

National Defence Fund

 It was set up in 1962 to take charge of the voluntary donations in cash and kind received for promotion of the national defence effort and to decide on their utilisation.  The fund is currently being used for the welfare of the members of the armed forces, paramilitary forces, and Railway Protection Force (RPF) and their dependents.

133

19. MINISTRY OF MICRO, SMALL & MEDIUM ENTERPRISES

CREDIT GUARENTEE TRUST FUND FOR MICRO & SMALL ENTERPRISES

 The Ministry of MSME, and SIDBI, together have established a Trust named Credit Guarantee Fund Trust  Collateral free loan up to a limit of ₹ 100 lakh is available for individual MSE on payment of guarantee fee to bank by the MSE.  Both existing and new enterprises are eligible under the scheme.

COIR VIKAS YOJNA

SKILL UPGRADATION AND MAHILA COIR YOJANA (MCY)

 Coir Board imparts training in processing of coir and value addition to potential workers, coir artisans/entreprenuers through its training centres.  The stipend per trainee for the skill development programmes will be limited to Rs. 3,000/- per month and in the case of training programmes of less than one month duration, stipend will be disbursed on prorata basis.

EXPORT MARKET PROMOTION (EMP)

 To improve the export performance of Indian Coir Sector through various export market promotion activities

COIR INDUSTRY TECHNOLOGY UPGRADATION SCHEME (CITUS)

 The project aims for giving away assistance to the entrepreneurs for procurement of eligible Plant &  Machinery for modernization, upgradation and/or stablishing a new unit on making application for the purpose to go for larger investment in the coir sector.  All coir production/processing units newly established will be eligible to apply for assistance.  The financial assistance shall be 25% of the cost of admissible items of Plant and Machinery procured by the Coir units upto Rs.2.50 crores per coir unit/ project.

Zero Defect and Zero Effect (ZED) Scheme for MSMEs

 On India's 68th Independence Day, PM Modi urged the industry, especially the MSMEs of India, to manufacture goods in the country with "zero defects" and to ensure that the goods have "zero effect" on the environment.  To enable the advancement of Indian industry to a position of eminence in the global marketplace and leverage India’s emergence as the world’s supplier through the ‘Made in India’ mark.  To develop and implement a ‘ZED’ culture in India based on the principles of:

1. Zero Defect (focus on customer)

• Zero non-conformance/non-compliance

• Zero waste

2. Zero Effect (focus on society)

134

• Zero air pollution/liquid discharge (ZLD)/solid waste

• Zero wastage of natural resources

Benefits of ZED

 Credible recognition of the industry for international customers seeking investment in India  Streamlined operations and lower costs  Superior quality, reduced rejection and higher revenues  Increased environmental & social benefits  Additional employment generation  Other benefits as announced by the Government from time to time

 There are 50 parameters for ZED rating and additional 25 parameters for ZED Defence rating under ZED Maturity Assessment Model.  The MSMEs are provided financial assistance for the activities to be carried out for ZED certification i.e., Assessment / Rating, Additional rating for Defence angle, Gap Analysis, Handholding, Consultancy for improving the rating of MSMEs by Consultants and Re- Assessment / Re-Rating.  Quality Council of India (QCI) has been appointed as the National Monitoring & Implementing Unit (NMIU) for implementation of ZED.

TECHNOLOGY UPGRADATION AND QUALITY CERTIFICATION

 FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO MSMES IN ZERO EFFECT ZERO DEFECT CERTIFICATION SCHEME  The objectives of the scheme include inculcating Zero Defect & Zero Effect practices in manufacturing processes, ensure continuous improvement and supporting the Make in India initiative.  The subsidy provided by the Government of India for Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises will be 80%, 60% and 50% respectively. There shall be an additional subsidy of 5% for MSMEs owned SC/ST/women and MSMEs located in NER and J&K  All manufacturing Micro, Small and Medium enterprises (MSME) having Udyog Adhar Memorandum can apply.  ZED Certification is given by Quality Council of India.

NATIONAL MANUFACTURING COMPETITIVENESS PROGRAMME (NMCP)  Credit Linked Capital Subsidy for Technology Upgradation (CLCSS) provides 15% subsidy for additional investment up to ₹1cr for technology upgradation by MSEs. Technology upgradation would ordinarily mean induction of state-of-the art or near state-of-the- art technology.

International Cooperation Scheme

 It provides financial assistance on reimbursement basis to the eligible State/Central Government Organisations and Registered Industry Associations, societies /trusts associated with promotion and development of MSME sector.  It is a demand driven scheme.  As per the existing guidelines, the eligible organizations are facilitated for visit /participation of MSMEs in international exhibitions /trade fairs/buyer-seller meet etc. abroad and also holding International conferences/seminars/ workshops in India, for technology infusion, exploring business opportunities, joint ventures etc.

135

 Government Institutions and Registered Industry Associations associated with promotion and development of MSME sector can apply.

'Udyami Mitra' Portal

 Small Industries Development Bank of India (SIDBI) has launched the ‘Udyami Mitra’ Portal (www.udyamimitra.in) to improve the accessibility of credit and handholding services to Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)  Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) have been advised to ensure a target of 7.5% of Adjusted Net Bank Credit (ANBC) for Micro Enterprises  Collateral security is not required for loans up to Rs. 10 lakh to MSE sector, which has simplified working capital requirement for MSEs  Now non-banking finance companies and small finance banks are being on-boarded on the platform for enhancing flow of credit to MSMEs.  Under the new capitalisation plan banks will have to compete for loans through the revamped portal.

Solar Charakha Mission

 The Solar Charkha Mission is a Ministry of Micro Small & Medium Enterprises (MSME) initiative launched during June 2018.  A pilot project on Solar Charkha was implemented at Khanwa village, Nawada District of Bihar in 2016. Based on the success of the pilot project, the Government of India had accorded approval to set up 50 such clusters with a budget of Rs. 550 Crore for 2018-19 and 2019-20.  The scheme is envisaged to generate direct employment nearly to one lakh persons in the approved clusters.  The Solar Charkha Mission is an enterprise driven scheme and envisages setting up of ‘Solar Charkha Clusters’ which will have 200 to 2042 beneficiaries (Spinners, Weavers, Stitchers and other skilled artisans).  One cluster would involve a maximum subsidy of Rs. 9.60 crore provided in form of Capital subsidy for individual and Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV), interest subvention for working capital and capacity building.  These solar charkhas are to be operated using solar power which is a renewable energy source. It will help in the development of Green Economy as it is an environment friendly programme. It will also generate sustainable employment for the artisans.  To ensure inclusive growth by generation of employment, especially for women and youth, and sustainable development through solar charkha clusters in rural areas.  To boost rural economy and help in arresting migration from rural to urban areas.  To leverage low-cost, innovative technologies and processes for sustenance.

Khadi Gramodyog Vikas Yojana

 8 different schemes of Khadi & Village Industries are now merged under 2 umbrella heads i.e. 'Khadi Vikas Yojana' and 'Gramodyog Vikas Yojana': a) Khadi Vikas Yojana [Market Promotion & Development Assistance (MPDA), Interest Subsidy Eligibility Certificate (ISEC), Workshed, Strengthening Weak Infra, AamAadmiBima Yojana, Khadi Grant] b) Gramodyog Vikas Yojanaa [Village Industries Grant].

136

Rozgar Yukta Gaon

 Introducing an ‘Enterprise-led Business Model’ in place of ‘Subsidy-led model’ through partnership among 3 stakeholders- KRDP-assisted Khadi Institution, Artisans and Business Partner.  It will be rolled out in 50 Villages by providing 10,000 Charkhas, 2000 looms & 100 warping units to Khadi artisans, and would create direct employment for 250 Artisans per village.  The total Capital Investment per village shall be Rs.72 Lakh as subsidy, and Rs.1.64 Crore in terms of Working Capital from the Business Partner.

ASPIRE

 ASPIRE Scheme or Scheme for promotion of innovation, entrepreneurship and Agro-Industry is promoted by the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.  It will promote Innovation & Rural Entrepreneurship through rural Livelihood Business Incubator (LBI), Technology Business Incubator (TBI) and Fund of Funds for start-up creation in the agro-based industry.  The ASPIRE Scheme fund has a Rs.200 crore corpus

The main objectives of the ASPIRE scheme are to:

 Create new jobs and reduce unemployment;  Promote entrepreneurship culture in India;  Grassroots economic development at district level;  Facilitate innovative business solution for un-met social needs; and  Promote innovation to further strengthen the competitiveness of MSME sector.

The Ministry of MSME is also implementing various schemes and programmes for promotion and development of MSME sector.

The major schemes/programmes include

a) Prime Minister’s Employment Generation Programme (PMEGP), b) Scheme of Fund for Regeneration of Traditional Industries (SFURTI), c) Credit Guarantee Scheme, Credit Linked Capital Subsidy Scheme (CLCSS), d) National Manufacturing Competitiveness Programme, e) Micro & Small Enterprises – Cluster Development Programme (MSE-CDP), f) Marketing Development Assistance, g) Skill Development Programmes, h) International Cooperation Scheme, etc.

SFURTI (Scheme of Fund for Upgradation and Regeneration of Traditional Industries)

 Ministry of Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME), Govt. of India has launched this scheme in the year 2005 with a view to promote Cluster development.  As per the revised guidelines, the following schemes are being merged into SFURTI:  The Scheme for Enhancing Productivity and Competitiveness of Khadi Industry and Artisans  The Scheme for Product Development, Design Intervention, and Packaging (PRODIP)  The Scheme for Rural Industries Service Center (RISC) and  Other small interventions like Ready Warp Units, Ready to Wear Mission, etc.

137

 To organize the traditional industries and artisans into clusters to make them competitive and provide support for their long term sustainability and economy of scale  To provide sustained employment for traditional industry artisans and rural entrepreneurs  To enhance the marketability of products of such clusters by providing support for new products, design intervention, and improved packaging and also the improvement of marketing infrastructure  To equip traditional artisans of the associated clusters with the improved skills and capabilities through training and exposure visits  To make provision for common facilities and improved tools and equipment for artisans to promote optimum utilization of infrastructure facilities  To strengthen the cluster governance systems with the active participation of the stakeholders  To build up innovated and traditional skills, improved technologies, advanced processes, market intelligence and new models of public-private partnerships  To look for setting up of multi-product cluster with an integrated value chain and a strong market-driven approach for viability and long term sustainability of the cluster  To ensure convergence from the design stage with each activity of the cluster formation and operations thereof.  To tap the E-Commerce as a major marketing channel given the outreach and the growing market penetration of E-Commerce  To make a substantial investment in the area of product design and quality improvement.

Apply by

 Non-Government Organizations (NGOs)  Institutions of the Central and State Governments and semi-Government institutions  Field functionaries of State and Central Govt.  Panchayati Raj institutions (PRIs)  Private sector by forming cluster-specific SPVs  Corporates and Corporate Responsibility (CSR) foundations with the expertise to undertake cluster development

PM‟s Employment Generation Programme

 Launched in 2008-09, it is a credit-linked subsidy scheme which promotes self-employment through setting up of micro-enterprises, where subsidy up to 35% is provided by the Government through Ministry of MSME for loans up to ₹25 lakhs in manufacturing and ₹10 lakhs in the service sector.  The balance amount of the total project cost will be provided by the banks in the form of term loan and working capital.  It is a flagship scheme of the Ministry of MSME.

Implementation:

 National Level- Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) as the nodal agency.  State Level- State KVIC Directorates, State Khadi and Village Industries Boards (KVIBs), District Industries Centres (DICs) and banks.

Eligibility:  Any individual above 18 years of age, Self Help Groups, Institutions registered under Societies Registration Act 1860, Production Co-operative Societies and Charitable Trusts are eligible. 138

 Existing Units and the units that have already availed Government Subsidy under any other scheme of Government of India or State Government are not eligible.

 Only new projects are considered for sanction under PMEGP.

Recent amendments in the scheme

 A minimum target of 75 projects/district is awarded to all districts of the country to achieve inclusive growth.  Targets are fixed taking into account: Extent of backwardness of State; ii. Extent of unemployment; iii. Extent of fulfillment of previous year targets; iv. Population of State/Union Territory; and v. Availability of traditional skills and raw material.  Higher rate of subsidy (25-35%) will be applicable for women, SC/ST, OBC, Physically Disabled, NER applicants in rural areas  A second loan of up to Rs.1 crore to existing and better performing PMEGP units for upgrading with subsidy of 15 per cent;  Mandatory Aadhaar and Pan card and Geo-tagging of units.  Merger of Coir Udyami Yojana (GUY) in PMEGP;  The negative list under PMEGP had also been amended allowing serving/selling non-vegetarian food at Hotels/Dhabas and Off Farm/Farm Linked activities  Cap the working capital component for manufacturing units to 40% of the project cost and for service/trading sector to 60% of the project cost.

Credit Linked Capital Subsidy Scheme

 The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs has approved the continuation of the scheme with a total outlay of Rs 2,900 crore beyond the 12th Plan period for three years from 2017-18 to 2019-20.

1. The objective of the Scheme is to facilitate technology up-gradation in MSMEs by providing an upfront capital subsidy of 15 per cent (on institutional finance of up to Rs 1 crore availed by them) for induction of well-established and improved technology in the specified 51 sub- sectors/products approved. 2. The major objective is to upgrade their plant & machinery with state-of-the-art technology, with or without expansion and also for new MSEs which have set up their facilities with appropriate eligible and proven technology duly approved under scheme guidelines. 3. The Scheme is a demand driven one without any upper limit on overall annual spending on the subsidy disbursal.

Nature of assistance:

 The revised scheme aims at facilitating technology up-gradation by providing 15% up front capital subsidy to MSMEs, including tiny, khadi, village and coir industrial units, on institutional finance availed by them for induction of well-established and improved technologies in specified sub-sectors/products approved under the scheme.

139

Udyog Aadhaar Memorandum

 It is a one- page registration form for the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises to get registered under MSME.  Udyog Aadhaar registration is replacement of the previous system where lots of documents and details were needed. It constitutes a self-declaration format under which the MSME will self- certify its existence and other minimum information required.  The salient features of UAM are a) Self-Certification b) Single Page Online Registration-Mobile friendly c) No documentation required d) No fees for Udyog Aadhaar

 The Udyog Aadhaar Portal for online filing of UAM by the enterprises located anywhere in the country also accessible on mobile devices.  Udyog Aadhaar registration has enabled the units/enterprises to seek information and apply online abourt various services being offered by all Ministries and Departments simply by using the Udyog Aadhaar Number.  The system is capable of delivering assured ease of doing business since 92% of the country’s adult population is already registered under AADHAAR.  This initiative of maintaining the data on MSMEs with the Ministry of MSME is likely to save cost in the long run since States/UTs would no longer be required to maintain the same.  It is expected that Udyog Aadhaar shall unlock the potential of MSMEs besides improving our international ranking in Ease of Doing Business Index.

MSME Sambandh and Sampark

 It is a public procurement portal unveiled to monitor the implementation of the Public Procurement from MSEs by Central Public Sector Enterprises.  The Procurement Policy launched in 2012 mandates the Central Government Departments / CPSUs to procure necessarily from MSEs.  Every Central Ministry / Department / PSU shall set an annual goal for procurement from the MSE sector at the beginning of the year, with the objective of achieving an overall procurement goal of minimum of 25% of the total annual purchases of the products or services produced or rendered by MSEs.  MSME Sampark - It is a digital platform wherein, job seekers (passed out trainees / students of 18 MSME Technology Centers) and recruiters (various reputed national & multinational companies) register themselves for getting employment and getting right kind of manpower respectively.  MSME Sampark portal will act as a bridge between the talent pool and those enterprises seeking trained man power.

140

20. MINISTRY OF MINES

Pradhan Mantri Khanij Kshetra Kalyan Yojana

 It is a programme launched to provide for the welfare of areas and people affected by mining related operations.  The main objective is to minimize/mitigate the adverse impacts, during and after mining, on the environment, health and socio-economic conditions of people in mining districts and also to ensure sustainable livelihood for the affected people.  The beneficiaries include people living in directly affected areas and displaced family under the Land Acquisition Act.  It is implemented by the District Mineral Foundations (DMFs) of the respective districts using the funds accruing to the DMF from miners.  District Mineral Foundation (DMF) is a trust set up under Mines and Minerals (Development & Regulation) Amendment Act, (MMDRA) 2015 as a non-profit body in those districts affected by the mining works.  The DMFs have been directed to take all major decision in a participatory mode, in consultation with the gram sabhas of the respective villages and activities taken under "polluter pays principle" cannot be included under PMKKY.  60% of the funds will be utilised for high priority areas such as Drinking water supply, health care, sanitation, education, skill development, women and child care, welfare of aged and disabled people and environment conservation.  40% of the fund will be utilised for physical infrastructure, irrigation, energy and watershed development.

Other Initiatives

 Sudoor Drishti - It is a project launched by the Indian Bureau of Mines in collaboration with National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) and Department of Space for monitoring of Mining activity through satellite.  Bhuvanbased services will be used for the monitoring of periodic changes of the mining areas within mining lease boundary and development of mobile app for field data collection to verify the ground realities.  TAMRA- Transparency, Auction Monitoring and Resource Augementation (TAMRA) is a web portal and mobile application, to streamline the process of various statutory clearances required for mining operations.  It will display block-wise, state-wise and mineral-wise information of the blocks to be auctioned.

141

21. MINISTRY OF NEW & RENEWABLE ENERGY

SURYA MITRA SCHEME

 Implementing by National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE) and financed by Central.  It aims to create skilled manpower for employment in the growing Solar Energy Power project’s installation, operation & maintenance in India and abroad  It wants to crate 50,000 trained solar photovoltaic technicians by March 2020.  Special emphasis is given to skill youth from SC/ST/OBC categories.

GREEN CORRIDOR PROJECT

 It is a project for the evacuation of renewable energy from generation points to the load centres by creating intrastate and inter-state transmission infrastructure.  It enables the flow of renewable energy into the National Grid Network.  Specifically, the green energy corridor is grid connected network for the transmission of renewable energy produced from various renewable energy projects.  The intra-state transmission component of the project is being implemented by the respective states and the Power Grid Corporation of India (PGCIL) is implementing interstate transmission component PGCIL has taken loans from Asian Development Bank for the project implementation.  Funding of green energy corridors in both intra and inter State transmission projects, under the framework of cooperation between Govt. of India and Govt. of Germany.

ECO-NIWAS SAMHITA  Implementing by Ministry Power  Energy Conservation–New Indian Way for Affordable & Sustainable homes) is an Energy Conservation Building Code for Residential Buildings (ECBC-R)  The implementation of this code will give a fillip to energy efficiency in residential sector.  It aims to benefit the occupants and the environment by promoting energy efficiency in design and construction of homes, apartments and townships.  It is developed by Bureau of Energy Efficiency, a statutory body under Ministry of Power.

URJA MITRA APP

 It provides citizens with real time information sharing on power supply.  The application provides a central platform, Web-Portal as well as Mobile App, for State Power Distribution utilities to disseminate power outage information to urban/rural power consumers across India through SMS/email/push notifications

COAL MITRA WEB PORTAL

 It has been designed to bring about flexibility in utilization of domestic coal by transferring the reserves to more cost efficient State/Centre owned or Private sector generating stations, leading to lower generation costs and ultimately lesser cost of electricity for the consumers.  The web portal would be used by the State/Central Gencos to display information about normative fixed and variable charges of electricity for the previous month as well as margin available for additional generation so as to enable the utilities identify stations for transfer of coal.

142

MERIT PORTAL

 Merit Order Despatch of Electricity for Rejuvenation of Income and Transparency is a portal that has been developed in association with POSOCO and Central Electricity Authority.  It displays extensive array of information regarding the merit order of Electricity procured by States such as daily source-wise power purchases of respective states/UTs.  Information available in the Portal shall help State Discoms to optimize their power procurement in more efficient way leading to lower cost of power to consumers.  Information available in the Portal shall help State Discoms to optimize their power procurement in more efficient way leading to lower cost of power to consumers. It will facilitate must run status for hydro and renewables and will promote use of green and clean power more transparently.

143

22. MINISTRY OF POWER

Deendayal Upadhyay Gram Jyoti Yojana  DDUGJY is the flagship programme of Ministry of Power to provide 24X7 power supply to rural areas.  It focuses on feeder separation (rural households & agricultural) and strengthening of sub- transmission & distribution infrastructure including metering at all levels in rural areas.  This will help in providing round the clock power to rural households and adequate power to agricultural consumers.  Rajiv Gandhi GrameenVidyutikaranYojana (RGGVY) has been subsumed in it.  Integrated Power Development Scheme (IPDS) -It isto provide 24x7 power supply in the urban area.  Remote Village Electrification Programme (RVEP) is a scheme implemented by Ministry of New & Renewable energy in various states to provide basic lighting through Renewable Energy Sources in un-electrified villages and hamlets of electrified census villages.

UJALA and SLNP  Under UJALA scheme, LED bulbs at 40% of the market price will be distributed to every grid connected consumer.  India Energy Efficiency Scale-Up Programme will help EESL expand UJALA‘s deployment of efficient ceiling fans, LED street lights and LED tube lights, along with its already-successful LED bulbs.  SLNP scheme aims to replace conventional street light with smart and energy efficient LED street lights by March, 2019. Both the schemes are being implemented by EESL.

National LED Programme  Launched in 2015, EESL’s Street Light National Programme (SNLP) has been instrumental in replacing over 50 lakh street lights in over 500 cities in India, leading to 135 crore kWh of energy savings and cost saving of INR 742 crore every year.  Under the programme, EESL replaces the conventional street lights with LEDs at its own costs, with no upfront investment by the municipalities, thereby making their adoption even more attractive.

UJALA Scheme  The main objective of the scheme is to promote efficient lighting, enhance awareness on using efficient equipment which reduce electricity bills and help preserve environment.  The scheme is being implemented by Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL), a joint venture of PSUs under the Union Ministry of Power.  UJALA is a flagship project of the Govt. of India where it wants every home in India to use LED bulbs so that the net power or energy consumption rate comes down and the carbon emission rates can also be checked.

India Energy Efficiency Scale-Up Programme Government of India and the World Bank has signed $300 million agreement for the India Energy Efficiency Program.

 Implementing agency: Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL).

 Objective: Scaling-up the deployment of energy saving measures in residential and public sectors, strengthen EESL’s institutional capacity, and enhance its access to commercial financing.

144

 Program components:

o EESL will deploy 219 million LED bulbs and tubelights, 5.8 million ceiling fans and 7.2 million street lights which will be supplied by the private sector manufacturers.

o EESL will develop sustainable business models for emerging market segments such as super-efficient air conditioning and agricultural water pumping systems.

 Significance:

o Implementing it will avoid lifetime greenhouse gas emissions of 170 million tons of CO

o The Program will tackle the financing and technical barriers faced by energy efficiency programs and support the Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs for All (UJALA) program.

Ujwal DISCOM Assurance Yojana  UDAY is to provide financial and operational turnaround of power distribution companies andaims at long term affordable and accessible 24x7 power supply to all.  It has target of making all DISCOMs profitable by 2018-19 through four initiatives such as Improving operational efficiencies of Discoms, Reduction of cost of power, Reduction in interest cost of Discoms, Enforcing financial discipline on DISCOMs through alignment with state finances.  Under this programme, States shall take over 75% of DISCOM debt over two years i.e 50% of DISCOM debt shall be taken over in 2015-16 and 25% in 2016-17.  Government of India will not include the debt taken over by the states as per the above scheme in the calculation of fiscal deficit of respective states in the financial years 2015-16 and 2016-17.  States will issue non-SLR including SDL bonds in the market or directly to the respective banks / financial institutions (FIs) holding the DISCOM debt to the appropriate extent.  DISCOM debt not taken over by the state shall be converted by the banks / FIs into loans or bonds.

Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana  The objective of the ‘Saubhagya’ is to provide energy access to all by last mile connectivity and electricity connections to all remaining un-electrified households in rural as well as urban areas to achieve universal household electrification in the country.

Beneficiaries of the project

 The beneficiaries for free electricity connections would be identified using Socio Economic and Caste Census (SECC) 2011 data.

Implementation process

 For easy and accelerated implementation of the Scheme, modern technology shall be used for household survey by using Mobile App.  Beneficiaries shall be identified and their application for electricity connection along with applicant photograph and identity proof shall be registered on spot.  The Gram Panchayat/Public institutions in the rural areas may be authorised to collect application forms along with complete documentation, distribute bills and collect revenue in consultation with the Panchayat Raj Institutions and Urban Local Bodies.  The Rural Electrification Corporation Limited (REC) will remain the nodal agency for the operationalisation of the scheme throughout the country.

145

Expected outcomes of the scheme

The expected outcome of the Scheme is as follows:

 Environmental upgradation by substitution of Kerosene for lighting purposes

 Improvement education services

 Better health services

 Enhanced connectivity through radio, television, mobiles, etc.

 Increased economic activities and jobs

 Improved quality of life especially for women

Other initiatives  Urja Mitra Appempowers citizens by real time information sharing on power supply.  The application provides a central platform, Web-Portal as well as Mobile App, for State Power Distribution utilities to disseminate power outage information to urban/rural power consumers across India through SMS/email/push notifications.  Merit Order Despatch of Electricity for Rejuvenation of Income and Transparency (MERIT)is a portal that has been developed in association with POSOCO and Central Electricity Authority.  It displays extensive array of information regarding the merit order of Electricity procured by States such as daily source-wise power purchases of respective states/UTs.  Information available in the Portal shall help State Discoms to optimize their power procurement in more efficient way leading to lower cost of power to consumers.  Energy COnservation – New Indian Way for Affordable & Sustainable homes (ECO-NIWAS) is an online portal developed by Bureau of Energy Efficiency, a statutory body under Ministry of Power.  It is for increasing awareness to build sustainable and energy efficient homes in the country.  National Power Portal - It is a centralized platform for collation and dissemination of Indian power sector information.  It act as the single point interface for all Power Sector Apps launched previously by the Ministry, like TARANG, UJALA, VIDYUT PRAVAH, GARV, URJA, MERIT.  It has been designed and developed to disseminate analyzed information about the sector through GIS enabled navigation and visualization chart windows.  NPP is integrated with associated systems of Central Electricity Authority (CEA), Power Finance Corporation (PFC), Rural Electrification Corporation (REC) and other major utilities.  It would serve as single authentic source of power sector information to apex bodies.

The Nodal Agency for implementation of NPP and its operational control is CEA.

146

MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT

NATIONAL CHILD LABOUR PROJECT

 Eliminate all forms of child labour by 8. Identification and withdrawal of all children in the Project Area from Child Labour 9. Preparing Children withdrawn from work for mainstream education along with vocational training 10. Convergence with other schemes related to children and benefit of children  Contribute to the withdrawal of all adolescent workers from Hazardous Occupations/Processes and their Skilling and integration in appropriate occupations  Raising awareness amongst stakeholders and target communities,  Creation of Child Labour Monitoring, Tracking and Reporting system

TARGET GROUP

The scheme focuses on:

. All child workers below the age of 14 years in the identified target area . Adolescent workers below 18 years of age in the target area engaged in hazardous occupations/processes . Families of Child Workers in the identified target area . It is Central Sector Scheme (100% Centre funded)

PENCIL PORTAL • Platform for Effective Enforcement for No Child Labour

• This portal has been created by Ministry of Labour and Employment for tracking child labour

ATAL BIMIT VYAKTI KALYAN YOJANA IMPLEMENTING AGENCY-ESIC

BENEFICIARIES-Around 3.2 crore Insured Persons covered under the ESI Act, 1948.

SALIENT POINTS

 Provide relief in the form of cash compensation to the insured person who has been rendered unemployed upto 90 days, once in a lifetime, to be claimed after three months in one or more spells for being rendered unemployed, provided the employee should have completed two years of insurable employment and has contributed not less than 78 days in each of the four consecutive contribution periods immediately preceding to the claim of the relief.  The relief shall not exceed 25% of average earning per day.

PM SHRAM YOGI MAAN DHAN SCHEME  It is a pension scheme for Unorganised Workers. There are currently 42 crore workers engaged in the unorganized sector of the country.  It is a central sector scheme administered by Ministry of Labour and Employment and implemented through LIC and CSCs.  LIC will be the Pension Fund Manager and responsible for Pension pay out.  Unorganised workers whose monthly income is Rs 15000 per month or less and belong 147

 CSCs spread across the country are enrolling PM-SYM beneficiaries

BENEFITS UNDER THE SCHEME

 Each subscriber will receive Minimum assured pension of Rs 3000 per month after attaining the age of 60 years.  Family Pension: During the receipt of pension, if the subscriber dies, the spouse of the beneficiary shall be entitled to receive 50% of the pension received by the beneficiary as family pension.  If a beneficiary has given regular contribution and died due to any cause (before age of 60 years), his/her spouse will be entitled to join and continue the scheme subsequently by payment of regular contribution or exit the scheme as per provisions of exit and withdrawal.  Centrally sponsored scheme for Rehabilitation of Bonded Labour

CONTEXT

Article 23 of the Constitution of India prohibits 'begar' and other similar forms of forced labour

• Provision of financial assistance for rehabilitation of a rescued bonded labourer at the rate of

4. Rs 1 lakh for adult male beneficiary, 5. Rs 2 Lakh for special category beneficiaries such as children including orphans or those rescued from organised and forced begging rings or other forms of forced child labour, and women 6. Rs 3 lakh in case of bonded or forced labour involving extreme cases of deprivation or marginalisation such as trans-genders or women or children rescued from ostensible sexual exploitation such as brothels, massage parlours, placement agencies etc. or trafficking, or in cases of differently abled persons, or in situations the District Magistrate deems fit.  Financial assistance for rehabilitation is 100% funded by Central Government.  Provision for financial assistance of Rs 4.50 lakh per district to the States for conducting survey of bonded labourers, Rs 1 lakh for evaluatory studies and Rs 10 Lakh per State per annum for awareness generation.  Central Government will give 50% of the amount required for conducting Survey, Awareness Generation and Evaluatory Studies in advance.

NATIONAL CAREER SERVICE PROJECT  Ministry of Labour and employment is the IMPLEMENTING AGENCY to implement the project.  It provides a variety of employment related services like Job matching, career counselling, vocational guidance, information on skill development courses etc.  Establishment of Model Career Centers by the State Government/Institutions of repute to provide variety of employment related services using technology.  The Ministry has signed MOUs with private partners like job portals, placement organisations and reputed institutions for maximising the reach of the National Career Service

PM ROJGAR PROTSAHAN YOJANA o EPFO is the IMPLEMENTING AGENCY for the scheme o Objective: For incentivising employers for employment generation. o Under this scheme, Government is paying the entire employer's contribution (12% or as admissible) towards the EPS and EPF for all sectors to all eligible new employees for the next 3 years from the date of registration of the new employee. The salary of the employee should be less than Rs 15000. 148

o The scheme has crossed 1 crore beneficiary milestone on January 14, 2019.

DEENDAYAL UPADHYAY SHRAMEV JAYATE KARYAKRAM The objective of this scheme is to create conducive environment for industrial development and doing business with ease and also expanding government support to impart skill training for workers.

 This is an umbrella scheme with five schemes under it as follows:  A dedicated Shram Suvidha Portal: That would allot Labour Identification Number (LIN) to nearly 6 lakhs units and allow them to file online compliance for 16 out of 44 labour laws  An all-new Random Inspection Scheme: Utilising technology to eliminate human dis-cretion in selection of units for Inspection, and uploading of Inspection Reports within 72 hours of inspection mandatory  Universal Account Number: Enables 4.17 crore employees to have their Provident Fund account portable, hassle-free and universally accessible  Apprentice Protsahan Yojana: Will support manufacturing units mainly and other establishments by reimbursing 50% of the stipend paid to apprentices during first two years of their training  Revamped Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana: Introducing a Smart Card for the work-ers in the unorganised sector seeded with details of two more social security schemes

PRADHAN MANTRI ROJGAR PROTSAHAN YOJANA (PMRPY)  To incentivise employers for employment generation by the Government paying the employers' EPS contribution of 8.33%, for the new employees, for the first 3 years of their employment and is proposed to be made applicable for unemployed persons that are semi- skilled and unskilled.  This Scheme has a dual benefit, where, on the one hand, the employer is incentivised for increasing the employment base of workers in the establishment, and on the other hand, a large number of workers will find jobs in such establishments.  A direct benefit is that these workers will have access to social security benefits of the organised sector.

Pradhan Mantri Shram-Yogi Maandhan  The Interim Budget 2019 announced Pradhan Mantri Shram-Yogi Maandhan (PMSYM) under the Ministry of Labour and Employment.  It is a pension scheme for the unorganised sector workers with monthly income of up to Rs 15,000.  It promises to provide assured pension of Rs 3,000 per month from the age of 60 years, in return for making a monthly contribution of a nominal sum during the working age.  The scheme will cover 10 crore workers in the unorganised sector in the first 5 years, making it one of the largest pension schemes in the world.  Salient Features - Each subscriber shall receive minimum assured pension of Rs 3000/- per month after attaining the age of 60 years.  Family Pension - During the receipt of pension, if the subscriber dies, the spouse of the beneficiary shall be entitled to receive 50% of the pension received by the beneficiary as family pension. Family pension is applicable only to spouse.  If a beneficiary has given regular contribution and died due to any cause (before age of 60 years), his/her spouse will be entitled to join and continue the scheme subsequently by payment of regular contribution or exit the scheme as per provisions of exit and withdrawal.  Contribution by the Subscriber - The subscriber‘s contributions to PM-SYM shall be made through ‗auto-debit‘ facility from his/ her savings bank account/ Jan- Dhan account. 149

 The subscriber is required to contribute the prescribed contribution amount from the age of joining PM-SYM till the age of 60 years.

Atal Pension Yojana and PMSYM  The benefits and the design spelt out in PMSYM are much in line with the Atal Pension Yojana (APY).  The Atal Pension Yojana (APY) launched in 2015 also targets the unorganised sector.  The government's estimate that the scheme would cover 2 crore workers in a year is uncertain, given the similar target group and similar design as APY.  The five-year projections on coverage are less likely to be materialised as even APY had only about 1.34 crore subscribers in the 3 years (a mere 3.2% of the total unorganised sector workforce). APY has not been attractive for the unorganised sector -

 due to its contributory nature  the inflation-adjusted future benefits are too small to meaningfully serve any purpose in the old age By fixing Rs 3,000 per month, PMSYM has limited the options for a worker to choose the level of benefits as is currently possible under APY.

Deendayal Upadhyay Shramev Jayate Karyakram  Objective: To provide conducive environment for industrial development and doing business with ease through introduction of several labour reforms.  Details: This program was launched to support the ‘Make in India’ campaign of India for encouragement of manufacturing sector, thus felt need to bring labour reforms.  Several initiatives were taken by the Government under the scheme:

Shram Suvidha Portal:  Allocation of Unique labour identification number (LIN) to labour to facilitate online registration.  The compliances would be reportable in Single Harmonized Form which will make it simple and easy for those filing such forms.  Filing of self-certified and simplified Single Online Return by the industry.  Labour inspector can upload inspection report within 72hours.  This portal will help timely redressal of grievances.  Under this it is proposed to allot LIN to all these 6-7 lakh units.

Labour Inspection scheme:  A computerized list of inspections will be generated randomly to reduce inspector raj  Inspector has to upload report within 72 hours  Universal Account Number (UAN) for Employee Provident Fund (EPF) :  An UAN is allotted to 4 crore EPF subscribers after centrally compiling & digitizing their information.  Aadhar card is being seeded with the UAN for financial inclusion of labours.  The portability of the Social Security Benefits to the labour of organised sector across the jobs and geographic areas will be ensured.

150

Apprenticeship Protsahan Yojana  Apprenticeship Protsahan Yojana envisages on imparting on-the-job training to apprentices .  Total numbers of seats are increased to 20 lakh from current 4.9 lakh in revamped scheme.  Government will reimburse 50 percent of stipend paid by employers to increase employability of youth by giving them skills.

Revamped RashtriyaSwasthyaBimaYojana  Introduction of convergence of social security schemes namely AamAdmiBimaYojna and National Old Age Penskion Scheme on RSBY smart card through improved IT framework.

Universal Account Number (UAN) for Employee Provident Fund (EPF)  An UAN is allotted to EPF subscribers to make Provident Fund account more portable and universally accessible by centrally compiling & digitizing their information.  The portability of the Social Security Benefits to the labour of organised sector across the jobs and geographic areas will be ensured.

Portal PENCIL  Full Name: Platform for Effective Enforcement for No Child Labour (PENCIL), Launched in: 2017.  Objective: It is a separate online portal to ensure effective enforcement of the provisions of the Child Labour Act and smooth implementation of the National Child Labour Project (NCLP) Scheme.  Components: The PENCIL Portal (pencil.gov.in) has various components, namely Child Tracking System, Complaint Corner, State Government, National Child Labour Project and Convergence. Features:  The Portal connects Central Government to State Government(s), District(s), all Project Societies and the General public.  Further, online complaints regarding child labour can also be filed by anybody on the Pencil Portal. The complaint gets assigned to the concerned Nodal Officer automatically by the system for further necessary action. About NCLP

 The National Child Labour Project (NCLP) Scheme initiated in the in 1988 to rehabilitate working children by eliminating all forms of child labour through identification and withdrawal of all children in the Project Area from child labour,  Preparing children withdrawn from work for mainstream education along with vocational training. NCLP has been revised expanded and aligned to the new legislative provisions.  The legislative changes have been accompanied by creation of additional institutional mechanisms at the district, state and national level for identification and rescue, along with revamping the rehabilitation scheme and a centralized database for case to case monitoring and accountability.  The Standard Operating Procedure (SoP) is aimed at creating a ready reckoner for trainers, practitioners and monitoring agencies to ensure complete prohibition of child labour and protection of adolescents from hazardous labour ultimately leading to Child Labour Free India.

151

Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana  The Pradhan Mantri Rozgar Protsahan Yojana (PMRPY), the flagship scheme of the Union Government for employment generation, crossed the milestone of one crore beneficiaries on January 14, 2019.

About Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana:

1. The scheme “Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana”(PMRPY) was announced in the Budget for 2016-17. 2. The objective of the scheme is to promote employment generation. 3. The scheme is being implemented by the Ministry of Labour and Employment. 4. Under the scheme employers would be provided an incentive for enhancing employment by reimbursement of the 8.33% EPS contribution made by the employer in respect of new employment. 5. The PMRPY scheme is targeted for workers earning wages upto Rs. 15,000/- per month.

National Career Service Project  It is being implemented by Ministry of Labour and Employment (MoLE) since 2015 for linking employment exchanges and other institutions using technology.  It aims to provide a variety of employment related services like job postings, career counselling, vocational guidance, skill courses, apprenticeship, etc.  These services are available online on the National Career Service Portal accessible to both employers as well as job seekers.  The NCS service can be availed directly through the Employment Exchanges/ Career Centres and Common Service Centres.  Under the NCS Project 100 Model Career Centres (MCCs) are being established in collaboration with States and other institutions to deliver employment services.

Atal Bimit Vyakti Kalyan Yojna  A new scheme named ‘Atal Bimit Vyakti Kalyan Yojna’ for Insured Persons (IP) covered under the Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948 has been approved by the ESIC.  It aim is to financially aid people who lost jobs because of the changing employment patterns  Insured persons covered under Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948 for period of two years continuously.

Details of the scheme

 The benefit under the scheme will be payable in cash directly to bank account of insured persons in case of unemployment.  It will be provided to the beneficiaries even while searching for jobs.  The money will be paid from their own contribution towards ESI scheme, in cash through bank account transfer.  The scheme will be applicable to all factories and establishments employing at least 10 workers.  Workers will be able to draw 47% of their total contributions towards ESIC after remaining unemployed for at least three months from date of leaving their previous jobs.  They have an option to get the amount as whole or in installments.

152

About Employee State Insurance (ESI)  It is a self-financing social security and health insurance scheme for Indian workers.  It is managed by Employees’ State Insurance Corporation (ESIC) according to rules and regulations stipulated there in the ESI Act 1948.  It is a statutory autonomous corporation under the Ministry of Labour and Employment.

153

23. MINISTRY OF HOUSING & URBAN AFFAIRS

Housing for All (URBAN)  It envisions Housing for All by 2022 and it subsumes Rajiv Awasyojana and Rajiv RinnYojana  It seeks to address the housing requirement of urban poor including slum dwellers through following programme 1. Central assistance to Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) and other implementing agencies for Slum rehabilitation with participation of private developers. 2. Promotion of Affordable Housingfor weaker section through Credit Linked Subsidy 3. Affordable Housing in Partnership with Public & Private sectors 4. Subsidy for beneficiary-led individual house construction

 It covers all 4041 statutory towns as per Census 2011 with focus on 500 Class I cities in three phases.  Centre and state will be funding in the ratio of 75:25 and in case of North Eastern and special category States in the ratio of 90:10.  Beneficiaries -Urban poor who does not own a pucca house, Economically Weaker Section (EWS) and Lower Income Groups (LIG – eligible only for credit linked subsidy scheme).  States/UTs have flexibility to redefine the annual income criteria with the approval of Ministry.  Under the mission, a beneficiary can avail of benefit of one component only.  HUDCO and NHB have been identified as Central Nodal Agencies (CNAs) to channelize this subsidy to the lending institutions.

Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme  CLSS is an interest subsidy scheme under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (URBAN)-Housing for All.  Credit Linked Subsidy is an interest subsidy available to a loan amounts upto Rs.6 lakhs at the rate of 6.5 % for tenure of 20 years or during tenure of loan whichever is lower.  It is for purchase/construction/extension/improvement of house to cater Economical Weaker Section (EWS)/Lower Income Group (LIG)/Middle Income Group (MIG).  The houses will be allocated preferably in the name of Women in the family.

DeendayalAntyodayaYojana  It aims to uplift the urban poor by enhancing sustainable livelihood opportunities through skill development.  It is an integration of National Urban Livelihood Mission (NULM)&National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM).  NULM aims at universal coverage of the urban poor for skill development and credit facilities.  It focuses on organizing urban poor in their strong grassroots level institutions, creating opportunities for skill development and helping them to set up self-employment venture by ensuring easy access to credit.  It is aimed at providing shelter equipped with essential services to the urban homeless in a phased manner and also addresses livelihood concerns of the urban street vendors.  Funding will be shared between the Centre and the States in the ratio of 75:25. For North Eastern and Special Category - the ratio will be 90:10.

154

PAISA  Portal for Affordable Credit and Interest Subvention Access is a centralized electronic web platform for processing interest subvention on bank loans to beneficiaries under DAY- NULM.  Allahabad Bank is the nodal bank for this portal.  It enables the government to connect directly with the beneficiaries and ensuring greater transparency and efficiency in delivery of services.  All the States & UTs, all SCBs, RRBs and Cooperative Banks are expected to deploy this portal.

AMRUT  Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation‘s focus is on infrastructure creation that has a direct link to provision of better services to the citizens.  It ensures that every household has access to a tap with assured supply of water and a sewerage connection.  It proposes to increase the amenity value of cities by developing greenery and well maintained open and reduce pollution by switching to public transport or constructing facilities.  500 cities will be covered under the Scheme- 1. All Cities and Towns with a population of over 1 lakh with notified Municipalities, including Cantonment Boards (Civilian areas), 2. All Capital Cities/Towns of States/ UTs, not covered in above, 3. All Cities/ Towns classified as Heritage Cities by MoUD under the HRIDAY Scheme, 4. Thirteen Cities and Towns on the stem of the main rivers with a population above 75,000 and less than 1 lakh, and 5. Ten Cities from hill states, islands and tourist destinations (not more than one from each State).

 This scheme is a new avatar of the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM).  Unlike JNNURM, AMRUT will not appraise individual projects and appraise only State Annual Action plans.  It is a centrally Sponsored Scheme and funds will be allocated to states and Union territories.  The states will transfer funds to Urban Local Bodies within 7 days of transfer by central government and no diversion of funds.  Central assistance will be to the extent of 50% of project cost for cities and towns with a population of up to 10 lakhs and one-third of the project cost for those with a population of above 10 lakhs.  (Note: Some of the inadmissible components under AMRUT are Power, Telecom, Health, Education and Wage employment programme and staff component and Purchase of land for projects or project related works, Staff salaries of both the States/ULBs. The list is not exhaustive.)

Smart Cities . The objective is to promote sustainable and inclusive cities that provide core infrastructure and give a decent quality of life to its citizens, a clean and sustainable environment and application of Smart Solutions.

155

. The focus is on creating a replicable model which are meant to set examples that can be replicated both within and outside the Smart City, catalyzing the creation of similar Smart Cities in various regions and parts of the country. . Core infrastructure elements 1. Water Supply 2. Assured electricity supply 3. Sanitation, including solid waste management 4. Efficient urban mobility and public transport 5. Affordable housing, especially for the poor 6. Robust IT connectivity and digitalization 7. Good governance, especially e-Governance and citizen participation 8. Sustainable environment 9. Safety and security of citizens, particularly women, children and the elderly 10. Health and education.

. Components of Smart Cities Mission - 1. City improvement (Retrofitting), 2. City renewal (Redevelopment), 3. City extension plus a Pan-city initiative in which Smart Solutions are applied covering larger parts of the city.

 Approach - Area-based development.  Selection Process–Each state will get at least one smart city.  Each aspiring city competes for selection as a smart city in what is called a ‗City Challenge‘. There are two stages in the selection process.  The State/UT begins with shortlisting the potential smart cities.  The first stage of the competition will be intra-state based on the criteria specified and the highest scoring potential smart cities will be recommended to MoUD.  The 100 such potential smart cities nominated by all the States and UTs will prepare Smart City Plans which will be rigorously evaluated in the Stage-2 of the competition for prioritizing cities for financing.  The chosen ones will get Central fund of Rs 500 crorein the course of 5 years.  Implementation -By Special Purpose Vehicles (SPV) which will be promoted by the State/UT and the Urban Local Body (ULB) jointly both having 50:50 equity shareholding.

HRIDAY  National Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY) is focused on holistic development of heritage cities.  The main objective is to preserve character of the soul of heritage city and facilitate inclusive heritage linked urban development in partnership with State Government  It is acentral sector schemewith broadly focus on four theme areas i.e. Physical Infrastructure, Institutional Infrastructure, Economic Infrastructure & Social Infrastructure for reviving and revitalizing the soul of Heritage City.  The projects can be funded directly or through support from other stakeholders including private sector.  Coverage (12 Cities) - Ajmer, Amravati, Amritsar, Badami, Dwarka, Gaya, Kanchipuram, Mathura,Puri, Varanasi, Velankanni, Warangal.  It supports development of core heritage infrastructure projects that include revitalization of urban infrastructure for areas around heritage assets. 156

Urban Reform Incentive Fund  It aims to provide States with incentives to undertake essential urban sector reforms.  The Ministry has proposed to increase Reform Incentive Fund from Rs 500 crore during 2017- 18 to over Rs 3,000 crore per year over the next 3 years.  The reforms to be undertaken by the States to receive incentives under URIF improve the responsiveness of local real estate markets, increase resource mobilization in Urban Local Bodies (ULBs), provide rigorous accounting of the management of public funds.  The incentives given to the states will be on a grant basis.  URIF receive funds from International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and Government of India.

Affordable Housing Fund  Government has announced a dedicated affordable housing fund under the National Housing Bank (NHB) to boost demand and supply of low-cost homes.  It will receive fund from priority sector lending shortfall and fully serviced bonds authorised by the Government of India.  National Housing Bank Act is being amended to transfer its equity from the Reserve Bank of India to the government.  In Budget 2018, the government had announced infrastructure status to affordable housing.  It will enable these projects to avail benefits such as lower borrowing rates, tax concessions and increased flow of foreign and private capital.

SWATCHH BHARAT MUSSION URBAN  Centrally sponsored scheme  The Swachh Bharat Mission - Urban (SBM-U), launched on 2nd October 2014 aims at making urban India free from open defecation and achieving 100% scientific management of municipal solid waste in 4,041 statutory towns in the country.  Elimination of open defecation  Eradication of Manual Scavenging  Modern and Scientific Municipal Solid Waste Management  To effect behavioral change regarding healthy sanitation practices  Generate awareness about sanitation and its linkage with public health  Capacity Augmentation for ULB’s  To create an enabling environment for private sector participation in Capex (capital expenditure) and Opex (operation and maintenance)

THE MISSION HAS THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS

• Household toilets, including conversion of insanitary latrines into pour-flush latrines; • Community toilets • Public toilets • Solid waste management • IEC & Public Awareness • Capacity building and Administrative & Office Expenses (A&OE)

• The targets set for the Mission, which have to be achieved by 2nd October 2019 include:

16. Construction of 66.42 Lakh individual household toilets (IHHL); 17. Construction of 2.52 lakh community toilet (CT) seats; 18. Construction of 2.56 lakh public toilet (PT) seats; and

157

19. Achieving 100% door-to-door collection and scientific management of municipal solid waste (MSW).

Swachh Sarvekshan  Commissioned by Ministry of Urban Development and carried out by Quality Council of India, is an extensive sanitation survey across several hundred cities to check the progress and impact of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan and to foster a spirit of competition among the cities.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Vikas Karyakram  Pradhan Mantri Jan Vikas Karyakram (PMJVK) seeks to provide better socio economic infrastructure facilities to the minority communities particularly in the field of education, health & skill development which would further lead to lessening of the gap between the national average and the minority communities with regard to backwardness parameters.  The erstwhile Multi-sectoral Development Programme (MsDP) has been restructured and renamed as Pradhan Mantri Jan Vikas Karyakram for effective implementation. The restructured scheme is to be implemented during the remaining period of the 14th Finance Commission ie. March 31, 2020.  The erstwhile Multi-sectoral Development Programme (MsDP), a centrally sponsored scheme has been restructured and renamed as Pradhan Mantri Jan Vikas Karyakram.  MsDP, a centrally sponsored scheme, launched to address the development deficits in 90 minority concentration districts in the country to address the development deficits.  It has been identified as one of the Core of the Core Schemes under National Development Agenda.

Minorities in India  Muslims, Sikhs, Christians, Buddhists, Jain and Zorastrians (Parsis) have been notified as minority communities under Section 2 (c) of the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992.  As per the Census 2011, the percentage of minorities in the country is about 19.3% of the total population of the country.  regard to backwardness parameters.  Minority Concentration Areas have been identified based on both population data (25% of the total population belongs to minority communities) and backwardness parameters of Census 2001 of these areas.

The backwardness parameters are:-

 Religion-specific socio-economic indicators at the district level – (i) Literacy rate; (ii) Female literacy rate ; (iii) Work participation rate; and (iv) Female work participation rate; and Basic amenities indicators at the district level – (i) Percentage of households with pucca walls‘ (ii) Percentage of households with safe drinking water & (iii) Percentage of households with electricity  The projects considered are additional class rooms, laboratories, school buildings, hostels, toilets, buildings for Polytechnics, ITIs, Community Health Centres, Primary Health Centres / Sub-centres, Anganwadi Centres, Rural Housing etc.  Education, Health and Skill are the priority under MsDP.  The projects are funded in the ratio of 60:40 and for NE and Hilly States at 90:10 between the Centre and States.

158

 The restructured scheme is to be implemented during the remaining period of the 14th Finance Commission ie. March 31, 2020.

Nai Manzil Ministry/Department: Ministry of Minority Affairs

Objective: To equip minority youth with employable skills

 Minority youths in the age group of 17 to 35 years who are school-dropouts or educated in the community education institutions like Madarsas, are provided an integrated input of formal education (up till Class VIII or X) and skill training along with certification

 It is done with a view of enabling them to seek better employment in the organized sector and equipping them with better lives.

 Minimum 30% seats are earmarked for minority girls.

 It includes a Non-residential programme of 9-12 months duration involving a Basic Bridge Programme (For Class VIII or Class X) for their education, along with training in trade based skills for sustained livelihood/gainful employment.

 The scheme covers the entire country.

Nai Roshni Its objectives are,

1. Leadership Development of Minority Women

2. To empower and instil confidence among minority women by providing knowledge, tools and techniques for interacting with Government systems, Banks and other institutions at all levels.

 The scheme is implemented through Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs).

 The scheme is implemented with the involvement of the Gram Panchayat at village level and Local Urban bodies at the District level.

Nai Udaan Scheme  Government of India, Ministry of Minority Affairs is implementing the scheme Nai Udaan- Scheme for Support to Minority Students for preparation of Main Examination, who clear Prelims conducted by Union Public Service Commission, Staff Selection Commission, State Public Service Commissions.  The objective of the Scheme is to provide financial support to the minority candidates clearing prelims conducted by Union Public Service Commission, Staff Selection Commission and State Public Service Commissions to adequately equip them to compete for appointment to Civil Services in the Union and the State Governments and to increase the representation of the minority in the Civil Services.

MANAS 1. Maulana Azad National Academy for Skills (MANAS) is a skill development architecture aimed at providing an all India Level training framework. 2. The training framework is based upon tie-ups with National/International training organizations (on PPP mode) for imparting training to the minority population, for skills that are currently in demand.

159

3. It will also provide concessional credit for minority community after meeting their Skilling Needs for expanding their existing businesses and setting up new businesses.

HunarHaat Recently, the Governor of Maharashtra inaugurated a Hunar Haat in Mumbai.

 Hunar Haat is an exhibition of handicrafts and traditional products made by artisans from the minority communities.

 These are organised by the Ministry of Minority Affairs under USTTAD (Upgrading the Skills & Training in Traditional Arts/Crafts for Development) scheme.

o The USTTAD scheme aims to promote and preserve the rich heritage of the traditional arts & crafts of the minority communities.

 These Haat aim to provide market exposure and employment opportunities to artisans, craftsmen and traditional culinary experts.

 It envisages boosting the skills of craftsmen, weavers and artisans who are already engaged in the traditional ancestral work.

 ‘Hunar Haat’ has proved to be “Empowerment Exchange” for master artisans and craftsmen.

 The next ‘Hunar Haat’ will be organised at Lucknow from 10th to 20th January 2020.

USTAAD  USTTAD stands for Upgrading the Skills and Training in Traditional Arts/Crafts for Development Scheme.  Objective: Aims at upgrading Skills and Training of minority communities by preservation of traditional ancestral Arts and Crafts.

 It envisages boosting the skill of craftsmen, weavers and artisans who are already engaged in the traditional ancestral work.

 Under the scheme, assistance will be provided to traditional artisans to sell their products in order to make them more compatible with modern markets.

 It is fully funded by Union Government

 Applicable for all areas in India

Gharib Nawaz Skill Development Centre  he MAEF has launched the new scheme titled Gharib Nawaz Employment Scheme from the current year 2017-18 so that short term job oriented skill development courses may be provided to minorities’ youth in order to enable them for skill based employment.

 The said scheme was approved by the General Body of MAEF. This scheme will be implemented as per common norms of the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSD&E) through the empanelled Program Implementation Agencies (PIAs).

 The training programmes are monitored through empanelled IAs of MAEF and through a Program Monitoring Unit (PMU) set up in MAEF.

160

Hamari Dharohar Scheme  The scheme aimed preservation of rich heritage and culture of minority communities of India.  Funding under the scheme is project based and not State/District-wise.  It aims to support curationof iconic exhibitions, calligraphy, research and development, etc.  A project has been initiated to translate documents belonging to medieval period on the subjects of Medicines, Mathematics, and Literature from Arabic language to English.

 To curate rich heritage of minorities under overall concept of Indian Culture.

 Curating iconic exhibitions.

 Preservation of literature/ documents etc.

 Support and promotion ofcalligraphy etc.

 Research and Development.

Learn and Earn Scheme  SeekhoaurKamao (Learn & Earn) is a central sector scheme aiming to provide placement linked skill training to youths from minority communities.  It is implemented across the country through selected Project Implementing Agencies (PIAs).

Jiyo Parsi  The Ministry of Minority Affairs initiated the Jiyo Parsi Scheme in 2013 to check the declining Parsi population.

 The main objective of the scheme was to arrest the declining trend of the Parsi population by adopting a scientific protocol and structured interventions, in order to stabilize their population and thereby increasing the population of Parsis in India.

 The scheme comprises of three components:

1. Advocacy Component that includes workshops, advertisement campaigns to create awareness, etc.,

2. Health of the Community Component which covers Childcare and Creche support, assistance to elderly, etc.

3. Medical Component includes financial assistance for the detection and treatment of infertility, fertility treatment, etc.

 The scheme also offers cash assistance to encourage Parsi couples to have children. The scheme is applicable to all couples, irrespective of their financial status.

4. This has resulted in 214 births over the last five years through assisted reproductive techniques (ART).

5. This is a 100% Central Sector Scheme.

161

Other Schemes  PadhoPardesh -It is the Scheme for providing interest subsidy on educational loans for overseas studies for the students belonging to the minority communities.  Cyber Gram - It is launched under Multi-sectoral Development Programme(MsDP) to provide hands on training in computers to the students of minority communities and enable them to acquire basic Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills.  Begum HazratMahal National Scholarship for Meritorious Girls belonging to Minorities implemented through Maulana Azad Education Foundation.

162

24.MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATION

JEEVAN PRAMAAN  Jeevan Pramaan service is provided by NIC (National Informatics Centre) through a Central Portal developed on Open source.  Through this certificate, a pensioner now can digitally provide proof of his existence to authorities for continuity of pension every year instead of requiring presenting himself physically or through a Life Certificate issued by specified authorities.  It is an Aadhar based Digital Life Certificate for pensioners.  Launched in 2014 nearly 12.5 Lakhs pensioners have registered for Digital Life Certificate (DLC) in about a year.  Developed using in-house manpower, the portal has been developed and maintained free of cost to all the user agencies and is also free for pensioners.  The usefulness of Jeevan Pramaan will increase even further as the biometric authentication device gets integrated with mobile phones.

DIGI LOCKER  Implemented by Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology  It is a "digital locker" service operated by the GoI that enables citizens to store certain official documents on the cloud.  1 GB of storage space is offered to users to store identification card issued by government agencies, education certificates, PAN cards, driving license, vehicle ownership documents and some other documents.  The service is aimed towards reducing the need to carry physical documents and is part of the government's  The sharing of the e-documents will be done through registered repositories thereby ensuring the authenticity of the documents online.

THE PLATFORM HAS THE FOLLOWING BENEFITS:

• Citizens can access their digital documents anytime, anywhere and share it online. This is convenient and time saving. • It reduces the administrative overhead of Government departments by minimizing the use of paper. • Digital Locker makes it easier to validate the authenticity of documents as they are issued directly by the registered issuers. • Self-uploaded documents can be digitally signed using the eSign facility (which is similar to the process of selfattestation).

PRADHAN MANTRI GRAMIN DIGITAL SAKSHARTA ABHIYAN (PMGDISHA)  The scheme will be implemented by CSC e-governance Services India Limited, a special purpose vehicle incorporated under the Companies Act 1956 under overall supervision of Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology.

THEME AND PROVISIONS

 It aims to make 6 crore rural households digitally literate.  To ensure equitable geographical reach, each of the 250,000 Gram Panchayats would be expected to register an average of 200-300 candidates.  PMGDISHA is expected to be one of the largest digital literacy programmes in the world. 163

 Digitally literate persons would be able to operate computers/digital access devices (like tablets, smart phones, etc.), send and receive emails, browse internet, access Government Services, search for information, undertaking cashless transactions, etc. and hence use IT to actively participate in the process of nation building.  The scheme also focuses on enabling digital financial transactions among the citizens.  By seeding Aadhaar number to bank account of the beneficiary and enabling him to access various online Government services like booking of railway tickets, passport application, etc. would enable the citizen to leverage technology and participate actively in governance.

National Broadband Mission The Ministry of Communications has launched ‘National Broadband Mission’ that will facilitate universal and equitable access to broadband services across the country, especially in rural and remote areas.

 The Mission is part of the National Digital Communications Policy, 2018.

 The vision of the Mission is to fast-track growth of digital communications infrastructure, bridge the digital divide, facilitate digital empowerment and inclusion, and provide affordable and universal access of broadband for all.

 It can be noted that through BharatNet, broadband services have reached in as many as 142,000 village blocks, and the latest mission aims to offer broadband for all by 2022 including remotely-located hospitals, schools and post offices.

Some of the objectives of the Mission which are structured with a strong emphasis on the three principles of universality, affordability and quality are:

 Broadband access to all villages by 2022.

 Significantly improve quality of services for mobile and internet.

 Develop a Broadband Readiness Index (BRI) to measure the availability of digital communications infrastructure and conducive policy ecosystem within a State/UT.

 Creation of a digital fiber map of the Digital Communications network and infrastructure, including Optical Fiber Cables and Towers, across the country.

 Laying of incremental 30 lakhs route km of Optical Fiber Cable and increase in tower density from 0.42 to 1.0 tower per thousand of population by 2024.

o The Centre will work with States and UTs for having consistent policies pertaining to expansion of digital infrastructure including for Right of Way (RoW) approvals required for laying of optical fibre cable.

 Investment from stakeholders of Rs 7 Lakh Crore including Rs 70,000 crore from Universal Service Obligation Fund (USOF).

Bharat Net  It is an ambitious programme of department of telecommunication to provide network infrastructure with affordable broadband connectivity on a non-discriminatory basis to all households in the country.  It aimed to realize the vision of Digital India, in partnership with States and the Private Sector.

164

 The programme, previously called as the National Optical Fibre Network, was approved in October 2011.

It is implemented in three phases

. First phase - providing broadband connectivity to one lakh gram panchayats by 2017 . Second Phase – providing broadband connectivity to 2 lakh gram panchayats by 2019 . Third Phase – providing state-of-art network using fibers between districts and block with reduced redundancy by 2023. . Implementation will be done by the states, state agencies, private sector companies and central PSUs. . All the Service Providers like Telecom Service Providers (TSPs), ISPs, Cable TV operators etc. will be given non-discriminatory access to the National Optic Fibre Network and can launch various services in rural areas. . It is funded from Universal Service Obligation Fund, which will be its nodal agency. . Bharat Broadband Network, a SPV created under companies Act, mandated to create NOFN in India.

BharatNet . Recently the Digital Communications Commission (DCC), the inter-ministerial panel of the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), has given in-principle nod for monetisation of fibre assets of BharatNet.

. These assets will be offered to the private telcos through auction, lease for 20 years or by outright sale.

. This comes against the backdrop of concerns over poor utilization of digital infrastructure that has been created across more than 100,000 gram panchayats in the country.

. Earlier, the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) had also urged the government to sell off these fibre assets to private players.

. BharatNet is a flagship mission to connect 250,000 gram panchayats with broadband being implemented by Bharat Broadband Network Ltd (BBNL), a special purpose vehicle set up under DoT in February 2012.

. National Optical Fibre Network (NOFN) which was launched in October, 2011 was renamed as Bharat Net Project in 2015

Universal Service Obligation Fund . The fund was established in 2002 to be utilized for providing telegraph services across the country especially the rural and remote areas. . It receives funds from the Universal Service Levy (USL) of 5% charged from all the telecom operators on their gross revenue. . Funds are dispatched through a bidding process to an enterprise which works on providing tele service to areas where ICT services are not available due to commercial non-viability combinations of reasons such as: i. Remoteness of areas ii. Absence of supporting infrastructure (power, road etc.) i. Low income of inhabitants 165

ii. Insurgency iii. Difficult terrain

. It is here that USOF Administration steps in to provide subsidy support thereby incentivizing telecom service providers to venture forth and provide services to such target beneficiaries.

Sampoorna Bima Gram Yojana With the aim of providing affordable life insurance services to people living in rural areas of the country through postal network, the Ministry of communications launched Sampoorna Bima Gram Yojana (SBG Yojana). The coverage of Postal Life Insurance was also expanded by the ministry.

 SBG Yojana identifies at least one village (with a minimum of 100 households) in each of the revenue districts of the country and intends to cover all the households with a minmum of one Rural Postal Life Insurance (RPLI) in that village.

 It covers all the villages under Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana.

 The benefits of PLI will no more be confined to government and semi-government employees only. It shall also be made available to professionals such as bankers, lawyers, architects, chartered accountants, management consultants, engineers, doctors etc. and also to the employees of listed companies of BSE (Bombay Stock Exchange) and NSE (National Stock Exchange).

 The decision has been taken to enlarge the cover of social security and bring the maximum number of people under the protection of Postal Life Insurance (PLI).

Postal Life Insurance (PLI) Postal Life Insurance was introduced in 1884, and is one of the oldest life insurance schemes for benefit of government and semi-government employees. Initially, the upper limit of life insurance was fixed at Rs 4000, which has now been increased to Rs 50 lakh.

 It covers employees of government-aided educational institutions, universities, credit cooperative societies , Central and state governments, Central and state public sector undertakings, joint ventures having a minimum of 10% Govt./PSU stake, nationalized banks, local bodies, autonomous bodies etc.

 The facility of insurance is also extended to the officers and staff of the Para- military forces and Defence Services.

 Apart from single insurance policies, a group insurance scheme for the extra departmental employees (Gramin Dak Sevaks) of the Department of Posts is also managed by Postal Life Insurance.

Deen Dayal SPARSH Yojana SPARSH stands for Scholarship for Promotion of Aptitude & Research in Stamps as a Hobby.

 It is a pan India scholarship program for school children to increase the reach of Philately.

 Under the scheme, annual scholarships will be awarded to children of Standard VI to IX having good academic record and also pursuing Philately as hobby through competitive selection process in all postal circles.

 Government will award 920 scholarships to students pursuing Philately as hobby. 166

 The amount of Scholarship will be Rs. 6000/- per annum @ Rs. 500/- per month.

 The selections will be made based on evaluation of Project work on philately & performance in Philately Quiz conducted by Circles.

DARPAN  DARPAN stands for The Digital Advancement of Rural Post Office for A New India  DARPAN is Information Technology (IT) modernisation project aimed at realising financial inclusion of un-banked rural population. It offers core banking services to the account holders.

 The project intends to provide low power technology solution to each branch postmaster (BPM).

 This will enable each of approximately 1.29 lakhs branch post offices (BOs) to improve service delivery.

 It aims to increase rural reach of Department of Posts (DoP) and enable BOs to increase traffic of all financial remittances, savings accounts, Rural Postal Life Insurance and Cash Certificates.

 It also aims to improve mail operations processes by allowing for automated booking and delivery of accountable article.

 It will also increase revenue using retail post business and provide third party applications and make disbursements for social security schemes such as MGNREGS.

Pt Deendayal Upadhyaya Sanchar Kaushal Vikas Pratisthan  It is a skill development scheme that will train rural youth to maintain mobile towers, repair optical fibres and fix other communication technologies across India.  Department of Telecommunication will train people through skill training centres to supplement the telecom skill manpower creation for the growth of telecom sector.  The scheme will be initially implemented in UP, Bihar, Odisha, Punjab and Haryana.  The skill training will be based on National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF).

167

25.MINISTRY OF PANCHAYATI RAJ

E-PANCHAYAT MISSION MODE PROJECT  One of Mission mode projects under Digital India program of GOI.  Various Applications development under Panchayat Enterprise Suite are:

1. PRIASoft

Captures receipt and expenditure details through voucher entries and automatically generates cash book, registers etc

2. Planplus

Facilitates strengthening of participative decentralised planning and enables preparation of participatory Gram Panchayat Development Plan (GPDP)

3. National Panchayat

Dynamic website for each Panchayat (ie ZPs, BPs, GPs) to share information in Portal public domain

4. Local Government Directory (LGD Codes)

Captures all details of local governments and assigns unique code. Also maps Panchayats with Assembly and Parliamentary Constituencies. It assigns a unique code to each administrative entity and maintain up-to-date list of revenue entities.

5. ActionSoft

Facilitates proper recording of Financial and Physical progress of the works

6. National Asset Directory

Captures details of assets created/maintained, helps avoid duplication of works and provides for maintenance.

7. Area Profiler

Captures geographic, demographic, infrastructural, socio-economic and natural resources profile of a village/panchayats and details of Elected Representatives and Panchayat Functionaries, Election Details etc.

8. Service Plus

A dynamic metadata based service delivery portal to help in providing electronic delivery of services.

9. Training Management Portal

Portal to address training needs of stakeholders including citizens, their feedback, training materials etc.

10. Social Audit

To understand, measure and verify work under different schemes done by the Panchayat and further to improve social performance of respective Panchayats.

168

GRAM PANCHAYAT DEVELOPMENT PLAN • GPs have been mandated for the preparation of GPDP for economic development and social justice. • People's Plan Campaign for GPDP was organised from 2nd October to 31st December 2018 • Its theme was 'Sabki Yojana Sabka Vikas' • It was organised by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj and Ministry of Rural Development

Objectives of People's Plan Campaign

1. Strengthening role of 31 lakh elected Panchayat leaders and 5.25 crore SHG women under DAY-NRLM in effective Gram Sabha. 2. Evidence based assessment of progress made in 2018-19 and proposals for 2019-20 in all 29 subjects of XI Schedule 3. Full public disclosure on a village display board on schemes, finances etc. of all Programmes in Gram Panchayat Office and Gram Samvaad app. 4. Structured Gram Sabha meetings spread over 2nd October - 31st December, 2018, with physical presence and presentation by frontline workers/Supervisors of all 29 sectors in XI schedule 5. PlanPlus strengthened to provide for a pragmatic and holistic GPDP

EXTENDED GRAM SWARAJ ABHIYAAN • It was organised by MORD and MOPR. • It was organised between 1st June and 15th August, 2018. • Aim was to promote social harmony, spread awareness about pro-poor initiatives of the government, reach out to poor households to enroll them as also obtain their feedback on various welfare programs. • Saturation of eligible household/persons would be made under 7 flagship pro-poor programs in 117 Aspirational Districts. 1. PM Ujjwala Yojana (Gas connection) 2. Saubhagya Yojana (Electricity connection) 3. Ujala Scheme (LED buld) 4. PM Jan Dhan Yojana (Bank Account) 5. PM Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (Life Insurance) 6. PM Suraksha Bima Yojana (Accidental Insurance) 7. Mission Indradhanush (Immunisation)

5 priority areas identified as per district plan.

1. Health and Family Welfare

2. School and Education:

a) Controlling dropout rates from class 5 to 6 and from class 6 to 9 b) Maximise number of functional toilets and functional drinking water facilities for both girls and co-ed Schools c) Maximise the number of schools where new textbooks reached within one month of the start of the academic year and work towards creating new book banks

3. Agriculture:

d) Krishi Kalyan Abhiyaan (KKA) launched 1st June 2018 to 31st July 2018 in 117 aspirational districts

169

e) 25 villages with more than 1000 population in each Aspirational District f) In districts, where number of villages (with more than 1000 population) is less than 25, all such districts will be covered. g) Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) act as the nodal point to implement the action plan developed by DACFW, DAHDF, and DARE. e) Activities organised under KKA are f) Distribution of Soil Health Cards h) Distribution of Mini Kits of Pulses and Oilseeds i) Distribution of Horticulture/Agroforestry/Bamboo Plant (5 per family, location appropriate) j) Making NADAP pits in each village k) Foot and Mouth Disease vaccination in each village l) Vaccination of sheep and goat for eradication of Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR) m) Artificial Insemination Saturation (100/Village) n) Training program in each of the villages by ICAR/ o) Distribution of 10 to 20 agriculture implements per village p) Demonstration of integrated cropping practice and micro-irrigation q) Development/Upgradation of Gramin Haats in Convergence with MGNREGA.

4. Skills

a) Spreading awareness about skill development programs and to encourage youth to enroll for training b) Aptitude assessment and counselling c) Organisation of Rozgar Melas to facilitate Mobilisation and is carried through Kaushal Melas, camps/drives by TPs and walk-in sessions at training centres.

5. Nutrition

a) Poshan b) Mahila Shakti

Panchayat Empowerment & Accountability Incentive a) It is a central sector scheme aimed at incentivization of States for devolving funds, functions and functionaries (3Fs) to Panchayats and incentivization of Panchayats to put in place accountability systems to make their functioning transparent and efficient. b) The scheme is 100% centrally funded. c) State Governments/UTs are ranked on a Devolution Index which measures the extent of devolution of 3Fs by States to Panchayats. d) Based on the index, the best performing states and panchayats have been incentivized since 2011.

Sabki Yojana, Sabka Vikas The central government has decided to launch the People's Plan Campaign, also known as “Sabki Yojana Sabka Vikas” from September 2019.

. It aims to draw up Gram Panchayat Development Plans (GPDPs) in the country and place them on a website where anyone can see the status of the various government’s flagship schemes.

Background

170

. A pilot exercise conducted in 2018 suggests that a majority of the GPs scored between 41% and 50% on a scale of 100, showing glaring deficiencies.

o Merely 0.1% and 0.6% GPs fell in the high 91-100 and 81-90 score respectively.

. A comparison of the performance among the larger states shows that Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh, in that order, were the top scorers, while GPs in Jharkhand, Assam, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh were at the bottom.

. A recent study of 100 randomly chosen GPs by National Institute of Rural Development has shown that several GP has reported improvements while others have slipped down over the past year. A fresh survey is, therefore, significant.

Gram Panchayat Development Plans

. Gram Panchayats have been mandated for the preparation of GPDP for economic development and social justice utilizing the resources available to them.

. The GPDP planning process will be comprehensive and participatory by involving full convergence with the schemes of all related Central Ministries / Line Departments.

. The People's Plan Campaign initiated under "Sabki Yojana Sabka Vikas" is an intensive and structured exercise for planning at Gram Sabha through convergence between Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) and concerned departments of the State.

. Gram Panchayat Development Plans (GPDPs) will include 48 indicators covering various aspects such as health and sanitation, education etc.

. After each GP is scored out of 100 — with 30 marks for infrastructure, 30 marks for human development, and 40 marks for economic activity— the GPs will be ranked.

. The data on the 48 indicators would come from Census 2011 (for physical infrastructure), Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011 (for Household-level deprivation data), and fresh survey starting in September 2019 that will be carried out by local facilitators.

. The entire ranking exercise is meant to identify the gaps at the GP level, make an assessment of where it stands, and accordingly plan the interventions.

Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Yojana  It is central government scheme that aims at making rural local bodies self-sustainable, financially stable and more efficient.

 It seeks to address critical gaps that hinder success of Panchayats by enhancing their capacities and effectiveness, and promote devolution of powers and responsibilities.

 Its intended objective is to train and build capacity of elected representatives of Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs).

 It seeks to shift the participative planning, prepared from the grassroots level upwards and strengthen panchayat level governance with more appropriate capacity building.

 Restructured RGSA to focus on training, building infrastructure, stepping up initiatives for e- governance under e-Panchayat Mission Mode Project (MMP) to deliver Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). 171

 It will be implemented during period from April 2018 to March 2022 with outlay of Rs. 7255 crore.

 The scheme will extend to all states/UTs of country and will also include institutions of rural local government in non-Part IX areas, where Panchayats do not exist.

Gram Manchitra • It is a Spatial Planning Application for facilitating and supporting Gram Panchayat users to perform planning at Gram Panchayat level with the use of geo-spatial technology. • It provides a single/ unified Geo Spatial platform to better visualize the various developmental works to be taken up across the 29 sectors and provide a decision support system for GPDP.

172

26.MINISTRY OF ELECTRONICS &IT

Stree Swabhiman  It is an initiative for promoting women‘s menstrual health and hygiene.  Under this initiative, Common Service Centres (CSC) will provide access to affordable, reliable and modern (eco-friendly) sanitary napkins to adolescent girls and women in rural areas.  The initiative is driven by awareness and personalized outreach by women entrepreneurs who produce and market sanitary napkins by village level entrepreneurs (VLE) and self-help groups.  VLE will distribute the pads to girls in the primary and secondary schools in their village, encompassing girls from 7th to 12th grade.  Under this initiative, semi-automatic and manual sanitary napkin manufacturing units will be set up at CSC for producing sanitary napkins.  The manufacturing unit will be operated by women entrepreneurs and generate employment for women.  Thus, the scheme is conceptualized to create avenues for the rural and semi-urban women to become self-reliant and also progress towards a healthy eco-friendly lifestyle.

National Supercomputing Mission a) The mission aims to connect national academic and R&D institutions with a supercomputing grid of over 70 high-performance computing facilities. b) Supercomputers will be installed across the country and will be networked on the National Supercomputing grid over the National Knowledge Network (NKN). c) It will be implemented by the Department of Science and Technology and Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DeitY) through Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) and IISc, Bangalore. d) The Mission also includes development of highly professional High-Performance Computing (HPC) aware human resource for meeting challenges of development of these applications. e) The NKN is another programme of the government which connects academic institutions and R&D labs over a high speed network. f) India has recently granted contract to French technology firm to build 70 supercomputers under the National Supercomputing Mission.

Modified Special Incentive Package Scheme • M-SIPS scheme aims to provide a special incentive package to boost domestic electronic product manufacturing sector and move towards Union Government‘s goal of ‗Net Zero imports‟ in electronics by 2020. • It promotes large scale manufacturing in the Electronics System Design and Manufacturing (ESDM) sector by • Providing subsidy for capital expenditure upto 20% for investment in SEZ and 25% in non-SEZs. • Providing reimbursement of duties and central taxes for projects with high capital investments. • The incentives will be available for investments made within 5 years from the date of approval of the project. • Unit receiving incentive will provide undertaking to remain in commercial production for at least 3 years.

Digital India • It is a programme to transform India into digital empowered society and knowledge economy.

173

• The scheme is coordinated by the department of Electronics and IT and implemented by all government departments. • The scheme is to be monitored by a Digital India committee comprised of several ministers. • Digital India has three core components. These includes 1. The creation of digital infrastructure, 2. Delivering services digitally, 3. Digital literacy

9 Key points of Digital India Programme are

1. Universal Access to Phones 2. Broadband Highways 3. Public Internet Access Programme 4. e-Governance – Reforming government through Technology 5. e-Kranti – Electronic delivery of services 6. Information for All 7. Electronics Manufacturing – Target NET ZERO Imports 8. IT for Jobs 9. Early Harvest Programmes

• It is an umbrella programme which includes the hitherto National Optical Fiber Network (NOFN) to connect 2, 50,000gram Panchayats by providing internet connectivity to all citizens. • Digital India includes development of an electronic development fund and envisages Net-Zero Electronics Import Target by 2020.

Common Service Centres (CSC) • Common Services Centers (CSC) scheme is one of the mission mode projects under the Digital India Programme, Ministry of Electronics and IT. • CSCs are the access points for delivery of Government to Citizen essential public utility services, social welfare schemes, healthcare, financial, education and agriculture services, apart from host of B2C services to citizens in rural and remote areas of the country.

Cyber Shikshaa Initiative • Project Cyber Shikshaa focus on skilling women engineering graduates in the niche field of Cyber Security. • It is launched by Microsoft & Data Security Council of India (DSCI) in association with Ministry of Electronics & IT (MeitY). • The primary objective is to connect with underserved women from Tier 2 / Tier 3 cities and to align a career path for them in Cyber Security. • Centre of Advance Computing (CDAC) will impart training to the selected women candidates from all over India. • Initially, the project will be rolled out in the following cities - Noida, Patna, Hyderabad and Mohali, followed by other cities in the next phase. • The program will be a 4-months interactive training course with combination of theory, case studies practical hands-on and projects.

174

PM Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyan • PMGDISHA is to make 6 Crore persons in rural areas, across States/UTs, digitally literate, reaching to around 40% of rural households by covering one member from every eligible household by 31st March, 2020. • It would empower the citizens in rural areas by training them to operate computer or digital access devices etc. • Eligibility - Nominated digitally illiterate person from every eligible rural household aged 14 to 60 years. • This scheme is initiated under Digital India Programme and expected to be one of the largest digital literacy programs in the world.

India BPO Promotion Scheme  IBPS aims at setting up business process outsourcing (BPO) units in rural areas to secure balanced regional growth of the industry.  It is under the Digital India Programme to create employment opportunities for the youth living in rural areas so that they do not need to migrate to urban clusters.  It provides capital support along with special incentives up to Rs 1 lakh in the form of viability gap funding (VGF) to companies to create BPO units.  Disbursement of financial support under the schemes is directly linked with employment generation.  It provides special incentives for employment to women and Divyang, setting up operations in towns other than capital towns, generating employment beyond target and promoting local entrepreneurship.  There are also special provisions for the Himalayan states of Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand  Metro cities such as Bengaluru, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai, National Capital Region (NCR), and Pune, along with their urban agglomeration were excluded.

North East BPO promotion Scheme  NEBPS is envisaged under Digital India Programme , seeks to incentivize establishment of 5,000 seats in respect of BPOs and IT Enabled Service operations in North East Region (NER).  NEBPS provides the financial supports and special incentives in the form of Viability Gap Funding (VGF) to eligible Companies based on generation of new employment and economic activity in ITES sector.  Financial Support – It provides up to 50% of expenditure incurred on BPO/ITES operations towards capital expenditure and/or operational expenditure subject to an upper ceiling of Rs. 1 Lakh/Seat.  Special Incentives – It provides financial support of Rs.1 Lakh/Seat for training expenditure and providing employment to Women and Persons with disability.  Incentive for promoting local entrepreneur - Special Incentive (5% of eligible financial support) for units setting up BPO/ITES operations as a consortium with local entrepreneur  A Company seeking to avail financial support under this scheme shall be under obligation not to claim the similar financial support from any other Scheme of the Central/State Government concerned.  Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) is the implementing agency of the India BPO promotion Scheme and North East BPO promotion Scheme.  STPI is a society established in 1991 by the MeitY with the objective of encouraging, promoting and boosting the export of software from India.

175

Jeevan Pramaan • One of the main requisites for the pensioners to avail pension is to provide Life Certificates (LCs). • Jeevan Pramman aims to streamline the process of getting LCs by making it hassle free and easier to get. • It is an AADHAR Biometric Authentication based digital life certificates for Pensioners and facilitates online submission. • It will do away with the requirement of a pensioner having to submit a physical LC every year, in order to ensure continuity of pension being credited into their account. • Digital Submission also ensures authenticity of pension payments.

Digi Locker • A secure dedicated personal electronic space for storing the documents of resident Indian citizens will be created. • It is to provide citizens a shareable private space on a public cloud. • The space can be utilized for storing personal documents like University certificates, PAN cards, voter ID cards, etc., and the URI's of the e-documents issued by various issuer departments. • It is a platform for issuance and verification of documents & certificates in a digital way, thus eliminating the use of physical documents. • There is also an associated facility for e-signing documents.

Visvesvaraya PhD Scheme . It is launched with the intent to enhance India‘s competitiveness in knowledge intensive sectors. . Its objective is to enhance the number of PhDs in Electronics System Design & Manufacturing (ESDM) and IT/IT Enabled Services (IT/ITES) sectors in the country. . The salient features of the scheme are 1. 25% more fellowship amount than most of the other PhD Schemes. 2. Part-time PhD candidates get onetime incentive on completion of the PhD. 3. Supports 200 Young Faculty Research Fellowships in the areas of ESDM and IT/ITES with the objective to retain and attract bright young faculty members in these sectors.

176

27.MINISTRY OF PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS

SUSTAINABLE ALTERNATIVE TOWARDS AFFORDABLE RANSPORTATION (SATAT INITIATIVE) • To provide a Sustainable Alternative towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) as a developmental effort that would benefit both vehicle-users as well as farmers and entrepreneurs. • Potential entrepreneurs will set up Compressed Bio-Gas (CBG) production plants and make available CBG in the market for use in automotive fuels • Municipal solid waste, agricultural residue, cattle dung etc will converted into CBG, to be used as fuel. a) It will boost the availability of more affordable transport fuels b) Better use of agricultural residue, cattle dung and municipal solid waste c) Will help tackle the problem of polluted urban air due to farm stubble-burning and carbon emissions. d) Boost to entrepreneurship, rural economy and employment. e) Reduction in import of natural gas and crude oil f) Support to national commitments in achieving climate change goals

Pradhan Mantri Ujjawala Yojana  LPG scheme PM Ujjwala Yojana closed, but only 3 States have become kerosene-free

 PMUY is a scheme of the Ministry of Petroleum & Natural Gas for providing LPG connections to women from Below Poverty Line (BPL) households.

 Under the scheme, an adult woman member of a below poverty line family identified through the Socio-Economic Caste Census (SECC) is given a deposit-free LPG connection with financial assistance of Rs 1,600 per connection by the Centre.

 The committee, therefore, recommended that the scheme be extended to poor households in urban and semi-urban slum areas

PAHAL Pratyaksh Hanstantrit Labh (PaHaL) scheme:

1. Aims to reduce diversion and eliminate duplicate or bogus LPG connections. 2. Under PaHaL, LPG cylinders are sold at market rates and entitled consumers get the subsidy directly into their bank accounts.

LPG Panchayat • It is aimed at encouraging rural communities to turn to clean fuel. • The first LPG Panchayat was held in Gandhinagar, which brings LPG users of a village and officials of fuel companies together.

Saksham 2018 • Saksham is a month long awareness programme by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas. • It is aimed to create awareness towards judicious utilization and conservation of petroleum products and switching to cleaner fuels. • It is organized by PCRA- Petroleum Conservation Research Association and other oil & gas PSU‘s under the aegis of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas.

177

START-UP SANGAM Initiative  The initiative is aimed to develop new business models, marketing plans, technology and innovations in heavy oil and gas industry sector.

 10 oil and gas PSUs have setup Rs. 320-crore venture capital fund to encourage start-ups based on innovative ideas in the energy sector.

 The corpus was created by contributions from India Oil Corporation (IOL), ONGC, Engineers India, Oil India, Numaligarh Refinery, Bharat Petroleum Corporation (BPCL), Hindustan Petroleum Corporation (HP), GAIL), Balmer Lawrie and Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals.

 In the first round of the scheme, nearly 30 start-up projects have been selected for support.

 The selected start-ups will work in various fields related to energy such as

a) Electronic leak detector for detecting body and bung leak of LPG cylinders

b) Self – sustaining low-maintenances toilets, or eco-toilets

c) Multiuse Fuel from Agricultural Waste Biomass

d) Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) for underwater inspections

e) Converting waste plastics to high value petroleum fuels

f) Solar Stove- Revolutionary Day and Night Indoor Solar Cooktop System for all lifestyles

178

Pradhan Mantri Urja Ganga • Jagdishpur-Haldia & Bokaro-Dhamra Natural Gas Pipeline (JHBDPL) project is part of National Gas Grid Project (Pradhan Mantri Urja Ganga) of Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas. • The 2,655 km project aims to connect the eastern states to the national gas grid. • Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal are the beneficiary states. • The project will usher Industrial development in East India by supplying environmentally clean natural gas to fertiliser and power plant, refineries, steel plants and other industries. • It also provides clean energy to households and transportation in the cities en-route the pipeline. • State-run gas utility GAIL India has recently placed orders for 400-km of pipeline. • With these awards, pipe supply orders for 2,100 km of the project have been placed.

179

28.MINISTRY OF MINORITY AFFAIRS

MAULANA AZAD NATIONAL FELLOWSHIP (MANF) • It is Centre Sponsored Scheme • The objective of the Fellowship is to provide integrated five year fellowships in the form of financial assistance to students from minority communities, as notified by the Central Government to pursue higher studies such as M.Phil and Ph.D. • The Fellowship will cover all Universities/Institutions recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC) and will be implemented by the Ministry of Minority Affairs through UGC for students belonging to the minority communities. • The fellowship under Fellowships awarded to research students pursuing regular and full time M. Phil and Ph.D courses. The fellowship holders under this Fellowship will be known as Ministry of Minority Affairs scholars. • IMPLEMENTING AGENCY-UGC will be the IMPLEMENTING AGENCY for implementing the Fellowship. UGC will notify the Fellowship by releasing suitable advertisement in the newspapers, internet, webpage and other media.

PADHO PARDES • Centre Sponsored Scheme • Eligible are those students who belong to minority community’s viz. Muslims Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, Jains, and Parsis and want to pursue higher studies i.e. Masters, M.Phil & Ph. D level abroad. • Interest subsidy will be granted for the period of moratorium (i.e. course period, plus one year or six months after getting job, whichever is earlier) as prescribed under the Education Loan Scheme of the Indian Banks Association (IBA). • Ministry does not give educational loan under this Scheme. The Scheme provides reimbursement of Interest accrued on the Education Loan taken by a student from Bank, which is a member of IBA for moratorium period.

NAYA SAVERA YOJANA  Centre Sponsored Scheme  The aim of the scheme is to make coaching services accessible for students belonging to minority communities.  The students will avail the benefit of free coaching and get prepared for the competitive exams.  The free coaching will be provided by the professionals selected by the government.  The grant for coaching has been increased to Rs. 1 lakh from the earlier value of Rs. 25,000 to 50,000.  In case a female candidate is selected coaching at a remote location then the department will make arrangement for stay as well.

SHAADI SHAGUN

• Government has started the scheme of “Shadi Shagun” for the encouragement of the minority (Muslim) girls of the country for education. • Through this scheme, the girl who wants to receive higher education will get Rs 51000 as per government education. • The Maulana Azad Education Foundation (MAF), the undergoing institute of the Union Minority Affairs Ministry has decided to take this step.

180

PRIME MINISTER MODI SHAGUN YOJNA ELIGIBILITY • Maulana Azad Educational Foundation (MAEF) will take care of the marriage Shadi Shagun. • One can visit the official website for registration of the Shadi Shagun scheme. • This scheme will be for the girls of the Muslim community, who have completed their graduation and have completed their studies. • Only those Muslim girls who have completed their graduation and have received the MAEF scholarship for this scheme will be eligible. • This scheme will be implemented in all the states of the country. • Rs 51000 will not be given to girls who have left before graduation level.

181

29.MINISTRY OF TRIBAL AFFAIRS ADI-MOHATSAV  It is a National Tribal Festival organized by the Ministry of Tribal Affairs and TRIFED to celebrate, cherishes and promote the spirit of tribal craft, culture, cuisine and commerce • A Celebration of the Spirit of Tribal Culture, Craft, Cuisine and Commerce”. • The Mahotsav comprised of display and sale of items of tribal art and craft, tribal medicine & healers, tribal cuisine and display of tribal folk performance. • Tribal artisans, chefs, folk dancers/musicians from 23 States of the country also participate and provided glimpse of their rich traditional culture. • The festival featured exhibition-cum-sale of tribal handicrafts, art, paintings, fabric, jeweler and much more through 100 stalls.

KUSUM  The Government is formulating a Scheme ‘Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyan (KUSUM)’ which inter-alia aims to promote use of solar energy among the farmers.  What is it? It is a ₹1.4 lakh-crore scheme for promoting decentralised solar power production of up to 28,250 MW to help farmers.  Benefits: It would provide extra income to farmers, by giving them an option to sell additional power to the grid through solar power projects set up on their barren lands. It would help in de- dieselising the sector as also the DISCOMS.  Components of the scheme: The components of the scheme include building 10,000 MW solar plants on barren lands and providing sops to DISCOMS to purchase the electricity produced, ‘solarising’ existing pumps of 7250 MW as well as government tube wells with a capacity of 8250 MW and distributing 17.5 lakh solar pumps. The 60% subsidy on the solar pumps provided to farmers will be shared between the Centre and the States while 30% would be provided through bank loans. The balance cost has to be borne by the farmers.  Significance of the scheme: Expected positive outcomes of the scheme include promotion of decentralised solar power production, reduction of transmission losses as well as providing support to the financial health of DISCOMs by reducing the subsidy burden to the agriculture sector. The scheme would also promote energy efficiency and water conservation and provide water security to farmers.

The proposed scheme provides for:

1. Setting up of grid-connected renewable power plants each of 500KW to 2 MW in the rural area.

2. Installation of standalone off-grid solar water pumps to fulfil irrigation needs of farmers not connected to grid.

3. Solarization of existing grid-connected agriculture pumps to make farmers independent of grid supply and also sell surplus solar power generated to Discom and get extra income.

Surya Mitra Scheme Objective: To provide skill training to rural youth in handling solar installations

 It is Union Government’s skill development program

 Aims to create skilled manpower in commissioning, installation, O&M of solar power plants and equipment.

182

 It primary objective is to provide entrepreneurship and employability opportunities to rural and urban youth & women.

 The scheme is aimed at creating 50,000 trained solar photovoltaic technicians by March 2020.

 Special emphasis is given to skill youth from SC/ST/OBC categories.

 The qualification required to participate in the program is ITI (Electrical & Wireman) / Diploma in Engineering (Electrical, Electronics & Mechanical).

 Higher qualified participants such as B.Tech etc are not eligible for this programme.

 The programme is 100% funded by GOI and implemented by National Institute for Solar Energy (NISE) across the country.

 In addition, short term training programmes for small hydro, entrepreneurship development, operation & maintenance of solar energy devices and boiler operations in co-generation plants have been organized.

 National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE) is an autonomous institution of Ministry of New & Renewable Energy (MNRE)).

Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission  The mission is also known as National Solar Mission and is also one of the eight National Missions under National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC).  The Mission has set the ambitious target of deploying 20,000MW of grid connected solar power by 2022, which was later revised to 1,00,000 MW by 2022.  The target will principally comprise of 40GW Rooftop and 60GW through large and medium scale grid connected solar power projects.  There is also 30% capital subsidy for installation of SPV applications like solar lighting systems, solar PV power plants and solar pumps under solar off-grid application scheme of JNNSM in rural as well as urban areas throughout India.

Solar City  The Solar City aims at minimum 10% reduction in projected demand of conventional energy at the end of five years, through a combination of enhancing supply from renewable energy sources in the city and energy efficiency measures. The basic aim is to motivate the local Governments for adopting renewable energy technologies and energy efficiency measures. In a Solar City all types of renewable energy based projects like solar, wind, biomass, small hydro, waste to energy etc. may be installed alongwith possible energy efficiency measures depending on the need and resource availability in the city.  Objectives of the Solar City programme o To enable and empower Urban Local Governments to address energy challenges at City - level. o To provide a framework and support to prepare a Master Plan including assessment of current energy situation, future demand and action plans. o To build capacity in the Urban Local Bodies and create awareness among all sections of civil society o To involve various stakeholders in the planning process. 183

o To oversee the implementation of sustainable energy options through public - private partnerships.

Estimated potential of renewable energy

The increased use of indigenous renewable resources is expected to reduce India’s dependence on expensive imported fossil fuels. India has an estimated renewable energy potential of about 1096 GW from commercially exploitable sources viz.

 Wind – 302 GW (at 100-meter mast height);  Small Hydro – 21 GW;  Bio-energy – 25 GW; and  Solar Power - 750 GW, assuming 3% wasteland

Development of PVTGs Ministry of Tribal Affairs has implemented the scheme of “Development of PVTGs” which covers 75 Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) for their comprehensive socio-economic development.

. Under the scheme, State Governments submits Conservation-cum-Development (CCD) plans on the basis of their requirement.

. 100% grants-in-aid are made available to States as per the provisions of the scheme.

Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)

. In India, tribal population makes up for 8.6% of the total population.

. PVTGs are more vulnerable among the tribal groups. Due to this factor, more developed and assertive tribal groups take a major chunk of the tribal development funds because of which PVTGs need more funds directed for their development.

. In 1973, the Dhebar Commission created Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs) as a separate category, who are less developed among the tribal groups. In 2006, the Government of India renamed the PTGs as PVTGs.

. In this context, in 1975, the Government of India initiated to identify the most vulnerable tribal groups as a separate category called PVTGs and declared 52 such groups, while in 1993 an additional 23 groups were added to the category, making it a total of 75 PVTGs out of 705 Scheduled Tribes.

. PVTGs have some basic characteristics - they are mostly homogenous, with a small population, relatively physically isolated, absence of written language, relatively simple technology and a slower rate of change etc.

. Among the 75 listed PVTG’s the highest number are found in Odisha.

184

Ekalavya Schools Eklavya Model Residential Schools

 In the context of establishing quality residential schools for the promotion of education, Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRSs) for ST students are set up in States/UTs with provisioning of funds through “Grants under Article 275(1) of the Constitution”.  The establishing of EMRSs is based on demand of the concerned States/UTs with availability of land as an essential attribute.  As per the budget 2018-19, every block with more than 50% ST population and at least 20,000 tribal persons will have an Eklavya Model Residential School by 2022.  What is Eklavya Model Residential School (EMRS)?  EMRS is a Government of India scheme for model residential school for Indian tribals (Scheduled Tribes, ST) across India.  Objectives of EMRS:  Comprehensive physical, mental and socially relevant development of all students enrolled in each and every EMRS. Students will be empowered to be change agent, beginning in their school, in their homes, in their village and finally in a larger context.  Focus differentially on the educational support to be made available to those in Standards XI and XII, and those in standards VI to X, so that their distinctive needs can be met,  Support the annual running expenses in a manner that offers reasonable remuneration to the staff and upkeep of the facilities.  Support the construction of infrastructure that provides education, physical, environmental and cultural needs of student life

Van Dhan Scheme  PM launched the Scheme in Bijapur District of Chhattisgarh on 14th April, 2018.  This programme promotes enterprise and marketing skills in tribals.  The tribals presently get only 20-30% of the value chain of the Minor Forest Produces.  This situation will change after Van Dhan scheme which aims to take this share to 70 to 80%.

Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana  The Vanbandhu Kalyan Yojana aims at overall development of tribal people with an outcome- based approach, which would ensure that all the intended benefits, goods and services to the tribal people through various programmes/schemes of Central and State Governments are covered under the respective Tribal Sub-Plans.  It envisages comprehensive development of tribals by shifting the working character into a holistic approach rather than focusing on physical and financial achievements.

Objectives

 Improving the quality of life in tribal areas  Improving the quality of education  Qualitative and sustainable employment for tribal families  Bridging infrastructure gaps with focus on quality  Protection of tribal culture and heritage

185

Young Entrepreneurs of TRIFED  Young Entrepreneur Development Programme of TRIFED plans to expand sale operations by empanelling young sales men/women.  These sales people will undertake house to house campaign for sale of tribal products.  They will be paid a commission of 10% on net sales.  By this revamped plan every tribal products will have a Tribal Craft Mark in form of hologram/ label/tag for its genuineness and authenticity.

TRIFOOD Scheme  Ministry of Tribal Affairs launched various schemes for development of Tribals such as Minimum Support Price for Minor Forest produces to cover 50 items, Van Dhan, Trifood and Friends of Tribes schemes.  Union Minister of Tribal Affairs launched the following schemes on the occasion –

Minimum Support Price (MSP) for Minor Forest produces (MFPs):

 Almost 5.5 crores tribals residing in the dense forest areas of the Country will benefit from the Schemes of Minimum Support Price and Value Addition.

 The Scheme will offer remunerative MSP for 50 commercially viable items to the Tribals. MFPs now covered the entire range of forest produces. The MSP had been raised by 30% to 40%. This would go a long way in adding to the income of the Tribals.

 It is proposed to set up almost 6000 Van Dan Vikas Kendras comprising 300 tribal gatherers each in the Country providing employment to almost 45 Lakh tribals.

Release of guidelines of Van Dhan Vikas Karyakram:

 This programme promotes enterprise and marketing skills in tribals. This will be a game changer in the very near future, if implemented diligently.

 The tribals presently get only 20 – 30% of the value chain of the Minor Forest Produces. This situation will change after Van Dhan scheme which aims to take this share to 70 to 80%.

 The Prime Minister of India launched the Van Dhan Scheme in Bijapur District of Chhattisgarh on 14th April, 2018.

TRIFOOD project:

 TRIFOOD Scheme is a joint initiative of Ministry of Food Processing Industry, Ministry of Tribal Affairs and TRIFED.

 Under this scheme a tertiary value addition center will be set up in Jagdalpur in Chhattisgarh and Raigad in Maharashtra at a cost of approximately Rs.11 crores.

 A highlight of this is the production of “Heritage Mahua” drink. The traditional Mahua tribal drink will be mainstreamed and marketed all over the Country under this project.

TRIFEDs CSR initiatives –“Friends of TRIBES”:

 He also launched the “Friends of Tribes” initiative of the Ministry. TRIFED has tied up CSR funds to promote tribal livelihoods.

186

 Public Sector Organisations like BPCL, IOCL and SPMCL have sanctioned approximately Rs. 10.00 crores for promoting Van Dhan operations in Barwani, Rajnandgaon, Dewas and Hoshangabad Districts of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh.

Pradhan Mantri Jl-VAN Yojana Recently, the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) has approved Pradhan Mantri JI-VAN (Jaiv Indhan- Vatavaran Anukool fasal awashesh Nivaran) Yojana.

. The scheme will be supported financially by Viability Gap Funding (VGF) to Second Generation (2G) Integrated Bioethanol Projects using lignocellulosic biomass and other renewable feedstock.

. The objective of the scheme is to create an ecosystem for setting up commercial projects and boost to Research and Development in 2G Ethanol sector.

. Under the scheme funds have been allocated for supporting 12 Commercial projects, 10 Demonstration Projects:

o Phase-I (2018-19 to 2022-23) 6 Commercial and 5 demonstration projects will be supported.

o Phase-II (2018-19 to 2022-23) Remaining 6 Commercial and 5 demonstration projects will be supported.

. The ethanol produced by the scheme beneficiaries will be mandatorily supplied to Oil Marketing Companies (OMCs) to further enhance the blending percentage under Ethanol Blending Programme (EBP).

. Centre for High Technology (CHT), a technical body under the aegis of MoP&NG, will be the implementation Agency for the scheme.

187

30.MINISTRY OF SOCIAL JUSTICE & EMPOWERMENT

PRADHAN MANTRI ADARSH GRAM YOJANA (PMAGY)  Centrally sponsored scheme  Most welfare schemes for SC development have been mainly centered on individual beneficiaries rather than on the integrated development of SC pockets. According to Census 2011, close to 47,000 villages have more than 50% of SC population.  To enable an area based development approach, PMAGY was launched on a pilot basis during 2009-10.  The scheme aims at integrated development in villages in which the population of SCs is above 50%.  ELIGIBILITY: Villages having population more than 50% of SCs with a total population of more than 500 will be eligible for selection in descending order of their SC population in the first instance of the Scheme.  Villages with more than 50% SC population should be developed as Adarsh Villages. By: o Adequate Infrastructure o Improvement in Socio-Economic Indicators: Monitorable Indicators are to be improved so that disparity between SC and non-SC population is eliminated and the level of indicators is raised to at least that of the National Average. All BPL families should have food and livelihood security, all SC children should complete education at least up to the secondary level, all factors leading to maternal and infant mortality are addressed and incidence of malnutrition, especially amongst children and women, is eliminated.

PREPARATION OF VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

 Comprehensive, realistic and practical blueprint for development of the selected village into an Adarsh Gram in a time frame of 5 years. Needs Assessment of the important developmental needs for the village as a whole and for all families/individuals will be done.

2ND EDITION OF INDIA SIGN LANGUAGE DICTIONARY • It was brought out by Indian Sign Language Research and Training Centre under DEPwD, MOSJE. • It includes 6000 words under the categories of academic, legal, medical, technical and everyday terms. • Useful for hearing impaired persons of the country

HEARING IMPAIRED IN INDIA:

 According to Census 2011, there are 50.71 lakh hearing impaired persons in India. Most of the hearing impaired persons use Indian sign Language

ASSISTANCE TO DISABLED PERSONS FOR PURCHASE / FITTING OF AIDS AND APPLIANCES  IMPLEMENTING AGENCY-Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation of India (ALIMCO)  FINANCING-Central sector scheme  Provide latest and modern aids and assistive devices to the Divyangjan to promote their physical, social and psychological rehabilitation and to enhance their economic potential.  Major aids and assistive devices to be distributed under ADIP Scheme are Motorized Tricycles, Tricycles Conventional, Wheelchairs, Crutches, Walking Sticks, Brail kits, Brail Slate, Hearing Aids etc., 188

 Gwalior district of Madhya Pradesh has taken an initiative to become the first –Divyang Mitra‘district of the country.

RASHTRIYA GARIMA ABHIYAN • It is a National Campaign for Dignity and Eradication of Manual Scavenging. • The practice continues in the country in spite of efforts of several people, implementation of government schemes such as the National Scheme for Liberation and Rehabilitation of Scavengers since 1992 and Self Employment Scheme for Rehabilitation of Manual Scavengers since 2007, and regardless of it being banned in 1993 through Employment of Manual Scavengers and Construction of Dry Latrines (prohibition) Act.

CENTRAL SECTOR SCHEME OF ASSISTANCE FOR PREVENTION OF ALCOHOLISM AND SUBSTANCE (DRUGS) ABUSE  Financial Assistance is given to the voluntary organisations and other eligible agencies for running and maintenance of Integration Rehabilitation Centres for Addicts (IRCAs).

Services provided by IRCAs are:

1. Preventive Education and Awareness Generation 2. Identification of Addicts 3. Motivational Counselling 4. Detoxification/De-addiction and Whole Person Recovery 5. After care and reintegration into social mechanism

NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR DRUG DEMAND REDUCTION (2018-23) • Create awareness and educate people about the ill-effects of drugs abuse and reduce stigmatisation of and discrimination against, groups and individuals dependent on drugs in order to integrate them back into the society • Develop human resources and build capacity • Facilitate research, training, documentation, innovation and collection of relevant information to strengthen • Provide for a whole range of community based services for the identification, motivation, counselling, de-addiction, after care and rehabilitation for Whole Person Recovery of addicts • Formulate and implement comprehensive guidelines, schemes, and programs using a multi- agency approach for drug demand reduction • Undertake drug demand reduction efforts to address all forms of drug abuse • Alleviate the consequences of drug dependence

COMPONENTS ADMISSIBLE FOR FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE: • Preventive education and awareness generation • Capacity building • Treatment and Rehabilitation 1. Availability of IRCAs in each district 2. Conversion of existing IRCAs into treatment clinics 3. Availability of drug addiction treatment facilities in Government Hospitals and closed settings such as prisons, juvenile homes etc. 4. Provision of residential stabilisation programs as Model Rehabilitation Centres. 5. Development of treatment protocol to create uniformity in treatment protocol across the country.

189

• Setting quality standards • Focussed intervention in vulnerable areas • Skill Development, vocational training and livelihood support of ex-drug addicts • Survey, studies, evaluation, research and innovation on the subjects covered under the scheme. • Programs for Drug Demand Reduction by States/UTs

Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan  Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD) has formulated the Accessible India Campaign i.e Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan.  It is a nation-wide campaign for achieving universal accessibility for PwDs.  It aims to enable persons with disabilities to gain universal access, equal opportunity for development, independent living and participation in an inclusive society in all aspects of life.  It is in line with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD) to which India is a signatory.  DEPwD is collaborating with Ministry of Home, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Ministry of Information & Broadcasting and Ministry of Tourism for this.  Targets - Making all railway stations of A1, A & B categories and the international airports fully accessible to the disabled.  Conducting accessibility audit of all the international airports, domestic airports, major railway stations.  Seeks to convert at least 10% of government owned public transport carriers in the country fully accessible carriers for disabled persons by March 2018.  At least 50% of all public documents by the Central and State Governments to meet accessibility standards for persons with disabilities by March 2018.

Deendayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme  “Scheme to Promote Voluntary Action for Persons with Disabilities” was revised and renamed as the “Deendayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme (DDRS)”.

1. To create an enabling environment to ensure equal opportunities, equity, social justice and empowerment of persons with disabilities. 2. To encourage voluntary action for ensuring effective implementation of the People with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities and Protection of Rights) Act of 1995.

Approach and Strategy:

 The approach of this Scheme is to provide financial assistance to voluntary organizations to make available the whole range of services necessary for rehabilitation of persons with disabilities including early intervention, development of daily living skills, education, skill- development oriented towards employability, training and awareness generation.  With a view to inclusion of persons with disabilities in the mainstream of society and actualizing their potential, the thrust would be on education and training programmes.

Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana  It is a scheme for providing physical aids and assisted-living devices for Senior citizens belonging to BPL category.

190

 The scheme will address disabilities like low vision, hearing impairment, loss of teeth and locomotor disability with such assisted living devices which can restore near normalcy in their bodily functions.  The devices will be distributed in camp mode and will be implemented by ‗Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation (ALIMCO)‗, a Public Sector Undertaking under Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.  This is a Central Sector Scheme, fully funded by the Central Government.  The expenditure for implementation of the scheme will be met from the "Senior Citizens' Welfare Fund".  Beneficiaries in each district will be identified by the State Governments/UT Administrations through a Committee chaired by the Deputy Commissioner/District Collector.

Swachhta Udyami Yojana  It aims to provide livelihood to SafaiKaramcharis and liberated Manual Scavengers and also promote cleanliness.  National Safari Karmacharis Finance & Development Corporation (NSKFDC) is implementing the scheme.  NSKFDC provides concessional loan to  Entrepreneurs among safaikarmacharis and identified manual scavengers including women beneficiaries.  For viable community toilet projects and sanitation related vehicles to collect the garbage, to consolidate the ongoing efforts for realising the objectives of the ‗Swachh Bharat Abhiyan‘ .

Assistance to Disabled Persons for Purchase / Fitting of Aids and Appliances • The main objective of the ADIP scheme is to provide latest and modern aids and assistive devices to the Divyangjan to promote their physical, social and psychological rehabilitation and to enhance their economic potential. • Major aids and assistive devices to be distributed under ADIP Scheme are Motorized Tricycles, Tricycles Conventional, Wheelchairs, Crutches, Walking Sticks, Brail kits, Brail Slate, Hearing Aids etc., • Gwalior district of Madhya Pradesh has taken an initiative to become the first ‗Divyang Mitra‘ district of the country. • Artificial Limbs Manufacturing Corporation of India (ALIMCO) is the implementing agency of this scheme.

Inter Caste Marriage Scheme  Dr Ambedkar scheme for social Integration through inter caste marriage‖ was with an objective to provide monetary incentive to at least 500 such inter-caste couples per year.  As per rules, such couples whose total annual income does not exceed Rs 5 lakh are eligible to get a one-time incentive of Rs 2.5 lakh from the Centre.  This is to enable them to settle down in the initial phase of their married life.  The other pre-conditions were that it should be their first marriage, and it should be registered under the Hindu Marriages Act, with the proposal being submitted within a year of marriage.  The target for each state is fixed in proportion to its share of Scheduled Caste population, though states are allow to exceed their targets.  Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment has recently scrapped the condition of the total income exceed Rs.5 lakh per annum and now there will be ―no income limit for incentive under the scheme.

191

 It has also made it mandatory for the couples to submit their Aadhaar numbers and details of their Aadhaar-linked joint bank account.

192

31.MINISTRY OF LAW AND JUSTICE

ECOURTS MISSION MODE PROJECT PHASE-II (2015-19)

• It is a national egovernance project for ICT enablement of district and subordinate courts of the country. • Establishment of Wide Area Network (WAN) connecting all District and Subordinate court complexes, spread across the country. • Installation of video conferencing facility • Recording of witness through Video conferencing • Connecting all courts in the country to the National Judicial Data Grid through WAN and additional redundant connectivity • Citizen centric facilities such as electronic filing, e-payment and use of mobile applications in all courts • Touch screen based kiosks in each court complex • Full computerisation of State and district level judicial and service academies and centres • e-Committee of Supreme Court of India:

1. Composition of eCommittee, Supreme Court of India

 Chief Justice of India, as Patron-in-Chief of the eCommittee  Honable Judge Incharge, eCommittee  Regular members:  Invitee members

2. Functions:

 It will provide policy planning, strategic direction and guidance to the Project for effective implementation of all components of the Project.

CITIZENS ELIGIBLE FOR TELE LAW SERVICE  Categories of Marginalized persons (Section 12 of Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987)  Fees for Tele Law Service Documents to be brought to CSC for Registration  Women Nil Children below 18 years of age Nil SC/ST Nil Caste certificate Victims of Trafficking Nil Self declaration/ Copy of Police FIR/Affidavit Mentally Ill and Differently abled Nil Disability certificate Victims of Natural Disaster/Ethnic Violence Nil District Workers in unorganized sector Nil Job Card/MGNREGA Card People with low income groups (income as specified Nil BPL Card/Income by the State) certificate Under trials/In custody Nil Any relevant case document  Other persons: Fees for Telelaw Service Rs 30, documents to be brought to CSC for Registration (Aadhar Card/Any ID Proof)

STATES COVERED

 Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Jammu and Kashmir, Meghalaya, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh

193

NYAYA MITRA • They are facilitation centres set up at CSCs across districts to reduce pendency of 10 year old cases. Nyaya Mitra will serve under MEITY and will be headed by a retired judicial/executive officer with legal background. • Will be set up across 227 districts, including 27 districts of north eastern states and J&K.

ROLE OF NYAYA MITRA:

• Identify cases pending for over 10 years • Provide assistance to litigants in speedy disposal of their cases • Provide access to justice by connecting litigants with legal authorities, CSC Tele-law service, government agencies and civil society organisations • Refer applicants from marginalised communities to Lok Adalats for dispute resolution • Facilitate legal aid to under trial prisoners

PARA LEGAL VOLUNTEER

• They are the first point of contact between rural citizens and lawyers providing legal aid through CSC. • They are lawyers, but have basic understanding of legal process. • They hear the grievances of citizens and offer appropriate support/suggestion for legal aid. • Help citizens understand legal issues and advice given by lawyers. • A trained PLV is available in a CSC for minimum 10 days in a month under the scheme.

NYAYA BANDHU (PRO BONO LEGAL SERVICES)  To enhance access to justice for marginalised sections of the society and fulfil State’s constitutional obligation to provide ‘free legal aid’ for all.  The ‘Pro bono legal services’ initiative is a web based platform, through which interested lawyers can register themselves to volunteer pro bono services for the underprivileged litigants, who are unable to afford it.  Through this online portal, litigants from marginalized communities (including members of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, women, children, senior citizens, persons with low income and persons with disabilities) can also apply for legal aid and advice from the pro bono lawyers. • Pro bono advocate shall study the case and advise the applicant on the best course of action. This may include giving legal advice, drafting of pleadings, legal representation before courts. • Pro bono legal services are free. However, based on mutual understanding between the applicant and advocate, the applicant may be required to incur incidental expenses like photocopying, posting and typing charges. • Mobile Application has been developed which will enable the Para Legal Volunteers to perform on field preregistration of cases with a facility to seek appointment from Panel Lawyer on preferred date and time, in coordination with Village Level entrepreneur (VLE) at the CSC. • This application will benefit 73,000 PLVs of NALSA and SLSA in the country who will be associated with Tele-Law service.

NYAYA BANDHU APP FOR THE SCHEME • Based on the premise of using technology to enhance access to justice for all, the Nyaya Bandhu app will allow marginalised individuals (referred to as 'Applicants'), seeking quality legal advice and aid, to connect, with ease, via a mobile application with 'Advocates' who have volunteered their time and services on this platform.

194

• The Nyaya Bandhu application has been developed in collaboration with CSC eGovernance Private India Limited and is available in Hindi and English.

Ministry of Law and Justice introduced, 3 schemes to facilitate access justice aiming to connect those in need of legal aid with lawyers through use of technology.

 Pro-bono legal services – It is a web based platform through which the interested lawyers can register themselves to volunteer services for litigants who are unable to afford it. o Supreme Court has recently released the guidelines, which says that a lawyer should have fought a certain number of cases pro bono (free of cost) in order to be designated as a senior lawyer.  Tele-law service – It is aimed at facilitating delivery of legal advice through an expert panel of lawyers stationed at the State Legal Services Authorities (SLSA). o The project would connect lawyers with clients through video conferencing facilities at CSCs.  Nyaya Mitra - It is aimed at reducing pendency of cases across selected districts, with special focus on those pending for more than 10 years. o A retired judicial officer, or an executive officer with judicial experience, will be put in charge of assisting those suffering due to judicial delays.

195

32.MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

Avataran Avataran is an umbrella program consists of 7 missions such as:

 Mission 25 Tonne – It aims to increase revenue by augmenting carrying capacity.

 Mission Zero Accident – It comprises of two sub missions such as Elimination of unmanned level crossings on broad Gauge in the next 3-4 years and Equipping 100% of the High Density Network with Train Collision Avoidance System (TCAS).

 Mission PACE (Procurement and Consumption Efficiency) – It aims to improve procurement and consumption practices to improve the quality of goods and services.

 Mission Raftaar – It targets doubling of average speeds of freights trains and increasing the average speed of super fast mail/express trains by 25 kmph in the next 5 years. It will complement Mission 25 Tonne to increase throughput of the railway system.

 Mission Hundred – Under this mission, at least a hundred sidings will be commissioned in the next 2 years. Siding refers to low-speed track section / track branch distinct from a running line.

 Mission beyond book-keeping – It will establish an accounting system where outcomes can be tracked to inputs.

 Mission Capacity Utilisation – It proposes to prepare a blueprint for making full use of the huge new capacity that will be created through two Dedicated Freight Corridors between Delhi- Mumbai and Delhi-Kolkata scheduled to be commissioned by 2019.

VIKALP  The Alternate Train Accommodation Scheme (VIKALP) scheme aims to facilitate waitlisted passengers to get an alternative train accommodation within 12 hours of the original train.

 The waitlisted passengers will get confirmed accommodation in next alternative train if they opt for it while booking.

 No extra charges will be paid by the passenger to avail this scheme.

Clone Train Services  The proposed service will run on high-demand routes within an hour of a scheduled train‘s departure to accommodate those on its waiting list.  The idea yis to ensure that they reach their destination around the same time they had originally envisaged.

Rail Safety Fund  The new rail safety fund called ―Rashtriya Rail SanrakshaKosh‖ to be utilized for track improvement, bridge rehabilitation work, improved inspection work etc.  It is a non-lapsable fund created by Ministry of Finance, since the union and railway budgets will be merged for the first time.  It receives fund from this year budget allocation and also from the Central Road Fund. 196

 The Central Road Fund is collected by levying Cess on diesel and petrol for safety-related work.  The Rail Safety Fund was setup based on the recommendation of a committee headed by Anil Kakodkar, former chairman of Atomic Energy Commission Chairman.

Operation Swarn  Operation Swarn is launched by the Railway Ministry to improve services in Rajdhani and Shatabdi Express trains.  Under the project, the Indian Railways will focus attention on 10 key areas — punctuality, cleanliness, linen, coach interiors, toilets, catering, staff behaviour, security, entertainment, housekeeping and regular feedback.

Nivaran  It is the grievance redressal portal launched by the Ministry of Railways.  It is the first IT application to be launched on the Rail Cloud.  It is a platform for resolution of service related grievances of serving and former railway employees.

Initiatives by Ministry of Railways  SRESTHA - New R&D organisation to serve the future technology needs of Railways.  SUTRA – A special unit for Transportation Research and Analytics. o The team will be involved in World class data analytics, simulation softwares, network optimisation and decision support systems.  “Sampark, samanvay and Samvad” is a conclave organized by the Ministry of Railways to discuss and deliberate ―Vision for New Railway – New India 2022‖. o The conclave is aimed at breaking the boundary put up by railway organization in sharing information (sampark), improves co-ordination (samanvay), find solutions (samvad) to the critical issues facing Indian Railways. o It encouraged all officers to give inputs and bring out the ground realities and potential impediments to implementation of new policies and reforms.

Project Saksham  The Indian Railways will launch the country’s largest time-bound “upskilling” exercise for government employees to upgrade the skillsets of its 13 lakh-strong workforce with a single drive spanning nine months.

 Named Project Saksham, the exercise will start in January 2018 and go on till September, putting through training courses and specially designed skill-upgrade modules.

 Employees from the rank of a peon to the Railway Board Members and everyone in between will undergo the training.

 The launch date of the project has been tentatively scheduled to coincide with the 155th birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda, sources said.

 The nature of the short-duration training will range from refresher courses, with an eye on evolved global practices in the respective areas, to skills in the existing lining of functioning, sources said.

 With growing services, newer benchmarks of service delivery and higher expectations of the clientele, employees need to build skills to rise to the occasion.

197

 Employees can and do deliver only when they have the right skills, knowledge and the mindset to deliver to the new standards of excellence that we hold from them all.

 General Managers would identify training modules, divide their workforce into small groups and communicate the entire plan to the ministry by December 31.

 Each will be a five-day on-the-job training, or classroom sessions in Railway Training Centres, depending on the nature of the course. According to the directive, the reporting managers of all employees need to be actively involved in the pre-training and post-training process to ensure that the newly learned skills can be easily integrated into the regular jobs.

 Groups of railway officers are going to Japan to train in various processes of the Shinkansen bullet train and heavy haul technologies

Mission Satyanishtha Aim: This mission aims at sensitizing all railway employees about the need to adhere to good ethics and to maintain high standards of integrity at work.

Objectives of the Mission are:

 To train every employee to understand the need and value of ethics in Personal and Public life.  To deal with ethical dilemmas in life and Public Governance.  To help understand the policies of Indian Railways on ethics and integrity and the employee’s role in upholding the same.  To develop inner governance through tapping inner resources.

198

33.MINISTRY OF CIVIL AVIATION

Ude Desh Ka Aam Nagrik

UDAN 4.0 Recently, the Minister of State for Civil Aviation has announced that UDAN 4.0 will be launched.

. UDAN 4.0 seeks to offer priority routes connecting Bilaspur and Ambikapur airports in Chhattisgarh.

Ude Desh Ka Aam Naagrik Maharashtra is the first state to sign agreement with centre for RCS.

. Ude Desh Ka Aam Naagrik (UDAN) was launched as a regional connectivity scheme under the Ministry of Civil Aviation in 2016.

. It is an innovative scheme to develop the regional aviation market.

. The objective of scheme is to create affordable yet economically viable and profitable flights on regional routes so that flying becomes affordable to the common man even in small towns.

. The scheme envisages providing connectivity to un-served and underserved airports of the country through the revival of existing air-strips and airports. The scheme is operational for a period of 10 years.

o Under-served airports are those which do not have more than one flight a day, while unserved airports are those where there are no operations.

UDAN 1.0 . Under this phase, 5 airlines companies were awarded 128 flight routes to 70 airports (including 36 newly made operational airports)

UDAN 2.0 . In 2018, the Ministry of Civil Aviation announced 73 underserved and unserved airports.

. For the first time, helipads were also connected under phase 2 of UDAN scheme.

UDAN 3.0 . Key Features of UDAN 3 included:

o Inclusion of Tourism Routes under UDAN 3 in coordination with the Ministry of Tourism.

o Inclusion of Seaplanes for connecting Water Aerodromes.

o Bringing in a number of routes in the North-East Region under the ambit of UDAN.

• An ‗open sky agreement‘ (OSA) allows for airlines from the two countries to have an unlimited number of flights as well as seats to each other‘s jurisdictions. 199

• National Civil Aviation Policy 2016 allows India to enter into an OSA on a reciprocal basis with SAARC countries and countries located entirely beyond a 5000 km radius from New Delhi.

NABH Nirman Scheme  NextGen Airports for Bharat (NABH) Nirman is an initiative to expand airport capacity by more than five times to handle a billion trips a year.  The three aspects of NABH Nirman are building of airport capacity through,  Three key aspects of NABH Nirman are  fair and equitable land acquisition,  long-term master plan for airport and regional development and  balanced economics for all stakeholders.

200

34.MINISTRY OF ROAD TRANSPORT & HIGHWAYS Bharatmala . It calls for improvement in efficiency of existing corridors through development of Multimodal Logistics Parks and elimination of choke points. . It enhances focus on improving connectivity in North East and leveraging synergies with Inland Waterways.

o North East Economic corridor enhancing connectivity to state capitals and key towns.

o Multimodal freight movement via 7 Waterway terminals on River Brahmaputra – Dhubri, Silghat, Biswanath Ghat, Neamati, Dibrugarh, Sengajan, Oriyamgh.

 It emphasis on the use of technology & scientific planning for project preparation and asset monitoring.

 It calls for seamless connectivity with neighboring countries:

o 24 Integrated check posts (ICPs) identified

o Transit through Bangladesh to improve North East connectivity

o Integrating Bangladesh – Bhutan – Nepal and Myanmar – Thailand corridors which will make NorthEast hub of East Asia

. Satellite mapping of corridors to identify upgradation requirements Components of Bharatmala Project

Setu Bharatam Objectives: Development of bridges for safe and seamless travel on National Highways

 Aims to make all National Highways free of railway level crossings by 2019

 This is being done to prevent the frequent accidents and loss of lives at level crossings

 The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways has also established an Indian Bridge Management System (IBMS) at the Indian Academy for Highway Engineer in Noida, U.P.

 The aim is to carry out conditions survey and inventorization of all bridges on National Highways in India by using Mobile Inspection Units

Char Dham Highway Project The Char Dham highway development project is an initiative to improve connectivity to the Char Dham pilgrimage centres in the Himalayas i.e Gangotri, Yamunotri, Kedarnath and Badrinath.

 This objective is to provide 900 km highway roads with paved shoulders, provision for landslide mitigation and other road safety measures, which will provide all weather road connectivity for pilgrims and for movement of defence forces.  Generally the Char Dham pilgrimage centre four pilgrimage sites in India i.e Badrinath, Dwarka, Puri and Rameswaran but the Gangotri, Yamunotri, Kedarnath and Badrinath in Uttarkhand state were known as Chota Char Dham.

201

Logistic Efficiency Enhancement Programme 1. Under Bharatmala Pariyojana, LEEP is aimed to enhance the freight transportation in India

2. What’s being done? Critical examination of existing logistic infrastructure and destination of freight movement in the country

3. As a first step towards this task, preparation of Detailed Project Reports (DPRs) is being undertaken by NHAI

4. It has been decided to use latest technologies such as LiDAR, Satellite mapping and Ground Penetration Radar (GPR) in preparation of DPRs.

5. What’s LiDAR? Stands for Light Detection and Ranging, is a remote sensing method that uses light in the form of a pulsed laser to measure ranges (variable distances) to the Earth

INFRACON  It is the National Portal that acts as a bridge between consultancy firms working in the road engineering and construction sector and domain experts and key personnel who are deployed both for project preparation and supervision.

INAM PRO  It is a web-based application for Infrastructure and Material Providers.  It brings together the material providers and the prospective buyers engaged in executing central/state funded roads and highways and bridge construction projects in a common platform.

INAM-Pro + It is an upgraded version of INAM-Pro, a web based application for Infrastructure and Material Providers.

The web portal designed as a common platform to bring cement buyers and sellers together.

This reduced the time and effort in preparation of proposals and bidding submissions, and helped to increase efficiency in procurement.

SmartE 1. The first batch of E-rickshaws under the brand name of ―SmartE‖ was launched in Gurugram by Ministry of Road, Transport and Highways. 2. The E-rickshaws have been manufactured in India and are fitted with GPS and tracking system. 3. It has established strategic partnerships with the Haryana government and Delhi Metro Rail Corporation to launch 1000 vehicles in Gurugram and Faridabad in 2017. 4. It will provide the last mile transport connectivity in the area and meaningful self-employment for marginalised youths in next 4-5 years.

202

35.MINISTRY OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT

Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana - NRLM Objective: To reduce poverty by enabling the poor households to access gainful self-employment and skilled wage employment opportunities, resulting in appreciable improvement in their livelihoods on a sustainable basis, through building strong grassroots institutions of the poor

Mission:  It is also called Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana – NRLM  Swarnjayanti Gram Swarojgar Yojana (SGSY) was restructured as National Rural Livelihoods Mission in 2011  NRLM has now been renamed as Aajeevika.  World Bank supported program  Organise rural BPL people in SHGs and make them capable for self-employment by providing capacities such as information, knowledge, skills, tools, finance and collectivization.  It has a special focus on women empowerment including a dedicated component for promoting farm and non-farm based livelihoods for women farmers in rural areas  It is implemented across the country in all States and Union Territories (except Delhi and Chandigarh).  Works on three pillars: 1. Enhancing and expanding existing livelihoods options of the poor 2. Building skills for the job market outside; and 3. Nurturing self-employed and entrepreneurs.

Aajeevika Grameen Express Yojana AGEY aims to provide an alternative source of livelihood to members of Self Help Groups (SHGs) by facilitating them to operate public transport services in backward rural areas.

 It is a sub-scheme under Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM)  It will provide safe, affordable and community monitored rural transport services like e- rickshaws, 3 and 4 wheeler motorised transport vehicles to connect remote villages.  These transport vehicles will connect villages with key services and amenities including access to markets, education and health for the overall economic development of the area.  The scheme will be implemented in 250 blocks in the country on a pilot basis for a period of 3 years from 2017-18 to 2019-20.  Under it, Community Based Organisation (CBO) is proposed to provide interest free loan from its own corpus to SHG member for purchase of the vehicle.

Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana  The National Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj (NIRDPR) will soon undertake real-time assessment of government’s flagship youth employment scheme the Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushlya Yojana (DDU-GKY).

 The institute has developed an enterprise resource planning platform called ‘Kaushal Bharath,’ to enable states to capture data on projects under DDU-GKY and for the information to be collated in one system. 203

 It is a placement linked skill development program which allows skilling in a PPP mode and assured placements in regular jobs in an organization not owned by the skilled person. DDU-GKY is being undertaken as PPP Project all over the country through Project Implementing Agencies (PIAs) registered with the Ministry of Rural Development.

 Further, Guidelines of the scheme mandate State Governments to take up skill training projects with Corporate Social Responsibility funding.  DDU-GKY Guidelines provide for setting apart 15% of the funds of the funds at for national level beneficiaries from among minority groups.

Beneficiary Eligibility:

1. Rural Youth:15 – 35 Yrs 2. SC/ST/Women/PVTG/PWD: upto 45 Yrs

Kaushal Panjee  “Kaushal Panjee‘(Skill Register) is a mobilisation platform for skill development.  The skill register aims to be citizen centric end-to-end solution to aid mobilization of candidates for DeenDayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) and Rural Self Employment Training Institutes (RSETI).  It facilitates mobilization through Self Help Group members, Gram Panchayat Functionaries, Block Officials, and CommonServiceCentres and directly by the candidate.  RSETIs and DDU-GKY Partners can access the Kaushal Panjee to connect with the mobilized rural youth.  Kaushal Panjee is connected to the Social Economic Caste Census 2011 which will help the States plan and target their mobilizations based on the socio-economic profile of households in their State.

Startup Village Entrepreneurship Programme  SVEP is aimed at creating an ecosystem for rural population to be able start their own enterprises for sustainable livelihood.  To be launched on the lines of the DDU-GKY to generate livelihood through self-employment.  Loans will be made available through Self Help Groups for starting the enterprise

Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana - Gramin The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Grameen) scheme to provide housing for the rural poor has achieved only 66% of its target to complete one crore houses by 2019.

 Objective: To help rural people below the poverty line (BPL) in construction of dwelling units and upgradation of existing unserviceable kutcha houses by providing assistance in the form of a full grant.

 Beneficiaries: Beneficiaries are people belonging to SCs/STs, freed bonded labourers and non- SC/ST categories, widows or next-of-kin of defence personnel killed in action, ex- servicemen and retired members of the paramilitary forces, Disabled persons and Minorities.

 Selection of Beneficiaries: Beneficiaries are chosen according to data taken from the Socio- Economic Caste Census (SECC) of 2011.

 Timeline: The project will be implemented in a span of three years and expected to boost job creation in rural areas.

204

National Rurban Mission  NRuM is also called as Shyama Prasad MukharjeeRurban mission and aimed at strengthening rural areas by provisioning of economic, social and physical infrastructure facilities  The objective is to stimulate local economic development, enhance basic services, and create well planned Rurban clusters i.e Smart Villages.  Smart village is an area which possesses the economic characteristics and lifestyles of an urban area while retaining its essential rural area features.  It follows cluster based approach and the State Governments would identify ‗geographically contiguous Gram Panchayats with a population of about 25000 to 50000 in plain and coastal areas and a population of 5000 to 15000 in desert, hilly or tribal areas.  These clusters would be developed by provisioning of economic activities, developing skills & local entrepreneurship and providing infrastructure amenities.  It provides Skill development training, Digital literacy, mobile health unit, electronic delivery of citizen centric services, e-gram connectivity, public transport, inter village road connectivity etc.  The funding will be through various schemes of the government through public -private partnerships.  Inaddition to it, there will be critical gap funding of 30% of project cost as central Government share for clusters.

Pradhan Mantri Gram SadakYojana  To provide all-weather road connectivity to all eligible unconnected habitations.  It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme  The programme envisages connecting all eligible unconnected habitations with :  A population of 500 persons and above in plain areas  250 persons and above in Hill States, Tribal (Schedule-V) areas, the Desert Areas (as identified in Desert Development Programme) and 82 Selected Tribal and Backward Districts under Integrated Action Plan (IAP) as identified by the Ministry of Home Affairs/Planning Commission.  The programme also has an Upgradation component in order to ensure full farm to market connectivity.  The Rural Roads is one of the six components of Bharat Nirman  World Bank has supported PMGSY since its inception.  For this scheme, 75 paise per litre has been earmarked out of cess levied on high speed diesel.  It considers habitation as unit for providing connectivity and not a revenue village.  The scheme encourages use of “Green Technologies” and non-conventional materials (like waste plastic, geo-textiles, fly-ash, iron and copper slag etc) for constructing rural roads.  Funding pattern : In ratio of 60:40 between Centre and State for all States except for 8 North Eastern and 3 Himalayan States (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Jammu & Kashmir) for which it is 90:10.

MNREGA  Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act is an employment scheme to enhance livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed demand based wage employment in a financial year to every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.  Beneficiaries are willing rural population, unskilled manual labourers and seasonally unemployed.  A 60:40 wage and material ratio has to be maintained.  No contractors and machinery is allowed.  Wages are linked to Consumer Price Index (Agriculture labour).

205

 The central government bears the 100%wage cost of unskilled manual labour and 75%of the material cost including the wages of skilled and semi-skilled workers.  If work is not provided within 15 days of applying, applicants are entitled to an unemployment allowance.  MGNREGA is to be implemented mainly by gram panchayats.  At least one-third beneficiaries shall be women.  Social audit has to be done by the gram sabhaatleast once in every 6 months.  Focuses on creation of durable assets as per local needs.

Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana  SAGY is a village development project under which each Member of Parliament will take the responsibility of developing physical and institutional infrastructure and improve the standard of living in the villages.  It is a Central Sector Scheme launched in 1993-94.  Lok Sabha MP has to choose a gram panchayat from the constituency he/she represents and the Rajya Sabha MP chooses it from the state he/she represents.  MPs cannot pick villages which belong to themselves or their spouses.  The goal is to develop three Adarsh Grams by March 2019, of which one would be achieved by 2016. Thereafter, five such Adarsh Grams (one per year) will be selected and developed by 2024.  Gram Panchayat would be the basic unit for development.  The scheme requires MP to draft a village development plan, identify gaps in funding and mobilizing MPLAD funds to create additional resources specifically from CSR initiatives of various corporate houses.  District Collectors will carry ground-level surveys along with monthly review meetings to monitor progress.  At the State-level, Chief Secretaries will head empowered committee on the same and the Minister for Rural Development and Secretary, Rural Development, will chair two national-level committees to track the scheme.

National Social Assistance Program  It is a social security and welfare programme to provide support to aged persons, widows, disabled persons and bereaved families on death of primary bread winner, belonging to below poverty line households.  It comprises of five schemes, namely : 1. Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS), 2. Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS), 3. Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS), 4. National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS) and 5. Annapurna. Under NSAP 100% Central Assistance is extended to the States/UTs to provide the benefits in accordance with the norms, guidelines and conditions laid down by the Central Government.  Factual Information: Launched in 1995

Neeranchal Watershed Program  The project aims to fulfil the watershed component of the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMSKY) to reduce surface runoff of rainwater, increase groundwater levels and better water availability in rain-fed areas

206

Scheme:

 Neeranchal is primarily designed to address the following concerns:

 bring about institutional changes in watershed and rainfed agricultural management practices in India,  build systems that ensure watershed programmes and rainfed irrigation management practices are better focussed, and more coordinated, and have quantifiable results,  devise strategies for the sustainability of improved watershed. management practices in programme areas, even after the withdrawal of project support,  through the watershed plus approach, support improved equity, livelihoods, and incomes through forward linkages, on a platform of inclusiveness and local participation. Factual Information:

 World Bank assisted project  It will be implemented across nine States – Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Rajasthan.  It can be considered as a new version of Integrated Watershed Management Programme

Annapurna Scheme  The scheme is under the Ministry of Rural development and Department of Food and Public  Distribution allocates food grains as per the requirements of Ministry of Rural Development.  Senior citizens of 65 years of age or above who are not getting pension under the National Old Age Pension Scheme (NOAPS) are provided 10 kg of food grains per person per month free of cost.

Aarambh Aarambh is a mobile App for road maintenance in rural areas.

 The app aims at use of GIS based mapping for making road inventories, condition surveys, producing cost estimates and other relevant data for preparation and monitoring of annual road maintenance plans.  There is also another initiative in the name of ―Aarambh‖ launched by the network of organizations in India and Internet Watch Foundation (IWF) in Britain.  It is the country’s first-ever hotline to curb sexual abuse of children through the Internet and to remove child pornographic content online.

Mission Antyodaya  Under the mission, Department of Rural Development in partnership with State Governments has involved in ranking 50,000 Gram Panchayats.  Mission Antyodaya is a convergence framework for measurable effective outcomes on parameters that transform lives and livelihoods.  It is a Mission Mode Project envisaged by the Ministry of Rural Development. Comprehensive and integrated system for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness at Gram Panchayat Level  The ranking is based on parameters of physical infrastructure, human development and economic activities.  It facilitates identification of gaps in a quest for poverty free gram panchayats and drive economic activities.  Public institutions like Krishi Vigyan Kendras, MSME Clusters will be involved for enhancing productive employment and economic activities. 207

DISHA initiative  District Development Coordination and Monitoring Committee (DDCMC) is named as ―DISHA‖ by the Ministry of Rural Development.  It is for effective development coordination of almost all the programmes of Central Government.  It monitors the implementation of 28 schemes and programmes of Ministry of Rural Development and other Ministries to promote synergy and convergence for greater impact.  It is a data intelligence platform that will provide all information to the elected representatives to track the performance of all the major flagship schemes of the different central ministries in their respective districts and constituencies.  With the help of the DISHA Dashboard, the District Development Coordination and Monitoring Committee can access data at the level of a state, district, sub district and Gram Panchayat.  The main purpose of this committee is to coordinate with Central and State and local Panchayat Governments.  The Chairperson of the committee will be the senior most Member of Parliament (Lok Sabha) elected from the district, nominated by the Ministry of Rural Development.  The other Members of Parliament (Lok Sabha) representing the district will be designated as Co- Chairpersons  DISHA Week was celebrated from 25th to 29th June, 2018 to mark the successful completion of 2 years of the District Development Coordination & Monitoring Committee (DISHA).

SECURE  Software for Estimate Calculation Using Rural Rates for Employment aims to improve quality of works through detailing of technical specifications, tasks and workflows.  All estimates under MGNREGS will be generated with the use of SECURE (software) from the Programme‘s Management Information System with effect from 1st April, 2018.

Mahila Kisan Sashkitikaran Pariyojna  It is a sub component of the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM).  It strives to improve the present status of women in Agriculture and to enhance opportunities for their empowerment.  The primary objective is to empower women in agriculture by strengthening community institutions of poor women farmers and leverage their strength to promote sustainable agriculture. Specific objectives of the scheme are, 1. Sustainble livelihood opportunities for women 2. Enhance participation of women in a productive manner 3. Enhance managerial capacities for better management of biodiversity 4. Improve skills and capabilities to support farm and non-farm based activities 5. It focuses on promotion of sustainable agriculture practices such as Community Managed Sustainable Agriculture (CMSA), Non Pesticide Management (NPM), Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF), Pashu-Sakhi model for doorstep animal care services, Sustainable regeneration and harvesting of Non-Timber Forest Produce.  Community Resource Persons (CRPs) play a proactive role in scaling up these initiatives.  The program is being implemented by DAY-NRLM in partnership with State Rural Livelihood Missions/ Community Based Organizations (CBOs)/NGOs, as implementing partners (PIAs) across the country.

208

36.MINISTRY OF SHIPPING

Sagarmala Objective: To promote port-led direct and indirect development and to provide infrastructure to transport goods to and from ports quickly, efficiently and cost-effectively  Three pillars:  Supporting and enabling Port-led Development  Port Infrastructure Enhancement, including modernization and setting up of new ports, and  Efficient Evacuation to and from hinterland.  The programme aims to promote port-led development in the country by harnessing India’s 7,500-km long coastline, 14,500-km of potentially navigable waterways and strategic location on key international maritime trade routes.  It envisages transforming existing ports into modern world class ports as well as developing new ones.  It also aims to develop efficient evacuation systems through road, rail, inland and coastal waterways.

Jal Marg Vikas Project  Jal Marg Vikas Project aims at capacity augmentation of National waterways projects.

 Government has recently approved phase –I of JVMP for enhanced navigation on the Haldia- Varanasi stretch of National Waterway-1 (NW-1).

 Ministry of Shipping designated Inland Waterway Authority of India (IWAI) as implementation agency.

 The phase-I of the project is being assisted technically and financially by World Bank(IBRD).

 The project falls in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal.

 The project is expected to be completed by March, 2023 and will provide an alternative mode of environment-friendly and cost-effective transport.

 It will boost infrastructure development like multi-modal and inter-modal terminals, Roll on- Roll off (Ro-Ro) facilities, ferry services and navigation aids.  However, one of the major problems for commercially viable, safe navigation on NW-1 is the low depth upstream of Farakka due to low discharges from tributaries and difficult hydro morphological characteristics of river Ganga.

 The nodal points along the National Waterway will be created by IWAI with the help of Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL).

209

 The project adopted River Information System for the first time in India.

 River Information System is an IT based system to optimised the resource management of waterborne transport chain by enabling information exchange between vessels, lock and bridges, terminals and ports, status of fairways, calamity abatement etc.

 IWAI is the apex statutory body created in 1986 for the development and regulation of inland waterways.

210

37.MINISTRY OF TEXTILES

INTEGRATED SCHEME FOR DEVELOPMENT OF SILK INDUSTRY  Central Sector Scheme  Research & Development (R&D), training, transfer of technology and IT initiatives  Seed organizations and farmers’ extension centres  Coordination and market development for seed, yarn and silk products and  Quality Certification System (QCS) by creating amongst others a chain of silk testing facilities, farm based & postcocoon technology up-gradation, and export brand promotion.  The R&D projects pertaining to disease resistant silkworm, host plant improvements, productivity enhancing tools and implements for reeling and waving will be done in cooperation with Ministries of Science and Technology, Agriculture and Human Resource Development (HRD).

UPDATES TO THE SCHEME

• It is proposed to increase 4A grade silk from the current level of 15% to 25 % of mulberry production by 2020. • The implementation strategy is clearly based on convergence at the State level with the schemes of other Ministers like MGNREGS of Rural Development, RKVY & PMKSY of Ministry of Agriculture, for maximizing benefits to the Seri culturists.

HANDLOOM SECTOR

WEAVER MUDRA SCHEME  Credit at concessional interest rate of 6% is being provided to the handloom weavers. Margin money assistance to a maximum of Rs. 10,000 per weaver and credit guarantee for a period of 3 years is also provided.

HANDLOOM WEAVER MUDRA PORTAL  It is a portal built in association with Punjab National Bank to cut down delays in disbursement of funds for financial assistance.

SCHEME FOR INTEGRATED TEXTILE PARK  Aims to encourage private investments and employment generation in textile sector by facilitating world class infrastructure for common facilities, such as roads, water supply treatment and distribution network, power generation and distribution network, effluent collection treatment and disposal system, design centre, warehouse, first aid centre, etc.

INTEGRATED PROCESSING DEVELOPMENT SCHEME (IPDS) • Aims to address the environmental issues faced by the textile processing units. • The projects under the scheme would cover the following: 1. Group A - Water treatment & effluent treatment plant and technology (including marine, Riverine and ZLD). 2. Group B – Common infrastructure such as captive power generation plants on technology preferably renewable/green technology, 3. Group C – Common facilities such as Testing Laboratories and R&D centers. • Government of India grant will be mandatory for Group A only.

211

• The Special Purpose Vehicle shall fund the project through a mix of equity from members of industry, grant support from Ministry of Textile / State Government, and the loan from Banks and Financial Institutions.

AMENDED TECHNOLOGY UPGRADATION FUND SCHEME 1. Employment generation and export by encouraging apparel and garment industry 2. PROMOTION OF TECHNICAL TEXTILES 3. Promoting conversion of existing looms to better technology looms

SAMARTH Scheme  It is a new skill development schemefor Capacity Building in Textile Sectorwith following objectives.  Providing placement oriented skilling programme to incentivize the efforts of the industry in creating jobs in the organized textile and related sectors;  Promoting skilling and skill up-gradation in the traditional sectors through respective Sectoral Divisions/organizations of Ministry of Textiles;  Providing livelihood to all sections of the society across the country.  It covers the entire value chain of the textile sector excluding Spinning & Weaving in organized Sector.  It is going to be implemented from 2017-18 to 2019-20 with an outlay of Rs. 1300 crore.  The scheme will have National Skill Qualification Framework (NSQF) compliant training courses with funding norms as per the Common Norms notified by Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE).  Skill upgradation will be supported further for entrepreneurial development through provision of MUDRA loans.  Atleast 70% of the certified trainees are to be placed in the wage employment. Post Placement tracking will be mandatory under the scheme.  All partner institutions will be required to comply with the guidelines regarding Internal Complaints Committee to be constituted under the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition & Redressal) Act, 2013 to become eligible for funding under the scheme.  The scheme will be implemented for the benefit of all sections of the society across the country including rural, remote, LWE affected, North East, J&K by imparting skills in the identified job roles.

Mahatma Gandhi Bunkar Bima Yojana  The Bunkar Bima Yojana was introduced by the Government of India in December, 2003. Since 2005-06 this scheme has been revised and implemented with the title “Mahatma Gandhi Bunkar Yojana”.

 It is being implemented by the Ministry of Textiles.

 Objective: To provide enhanced insurance cover to the handloom weavers in the case of natural as well as accidental death and in cases of total or partial disability.

 Eligibility: All weavers, whether male or female, between the age group of 18 and 59 years.

 The claim benefits are provided by the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) directly into the bank account of beneficiaries through Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).

212

 The annual premium is Rs. 470 out of which Rs. 290 is paid by the central government.

 The Government of India organizes Hastkala Sahyog Shivirs in handloom clusters across the country in association with State Governments and LIC for creating awareness about the scheme among the weavers.

 The Ministry of Textiles also regularly organizes awareness programmes and camps through its Weavers’ Service Centres (WSCs) to facilitate enrolment under the insurance schemes.

o WSCs provide the weavers with different facilities including banking, passport, etc.

Pradhan Mantri ParidhanRojgarProtsahan Yojana  The scheme enables incentives towards employers, registered with Employees Provident Fund Organization (EPFO), for creation of new employment.  Under Pradhan Mantri RojgarProtsahan Yojana (PMRPY), GOI is providing incentive to the employer by paying the 8.33% EPF contribution towards new employment created for up to 3 years.  Ministry of Textiles under PMPRPY, will bear additional 3.67% towards the employer‘s contribution of the Employers Provident Fund Scheme, in addition to Ministry of Labour‗s contribution under PMRPY.

Hath Kargha Samvardhan Sahayata 1. The scheme aims to improve earnings of the handlooms weavers. 2. It helps to meet the needs of the handloom weavers for assistance for looms and accessories on larger scale with an objective to improve quality of fabric and productivity. 3. Under this scheme, GoI assists the weaver by bearing 90% of the cost of new looms so that they do not have to bear the heavy financial burden.

JUTE - ICARE 1. It was launched by the Centre in 2015

2. Aim: Handholding the farmers to increase the supply of raw jute & to improve agronomical practices

3. Implementation: Through the National Jute Board and the Jute Corporation of India

4. Progress: 8,000 hectares were covered in this jute year while 25,000 hectares will be covered the next year

5. Significance: It comes at a time when many farmers are exiting cultivation of jute due to poor returns resulting in raw material shortage

 Improved Cultivation and Advanced Retting Exercise for Jute (Jute-ICARE) aims to double the income of jute farmers.  It introduced some of the better agronomic practices and microbial-assisted retting among farmers.  Retting is a process in which jute is placed in liquid so as to promote loosening of the fibres from the woody tissue.  It was promoted intensively in few blocks in West Bengal and Assam on pilot basis.

213

 SMSs are sent in regional languages on improved practices in jute cultivation, to registered farmers.

North East Region Textile Promotion Scheme Textile sector of India contributes 14% to industrial production, 4% to India’s GDP and constitutes to 13% of country’s export earnings. It is the biggest employer in India after Agriculture. Some of the Major schemes are briefly explained below:

Amended Technology Upgradation Funds Scheme (ATUFS): Credit Linked Capital Investment Subsidy (CIS) is provided for Technology Upgradation under the ATUFS to promote exports through “Make in India” with “Zero Effect and Zero Defect” in manufacturing.

PowerTex India Scheme: It is a comprehensive scheme for powerloom sector.

Scheme for Integrated Textile Parks (SITP): It was launched in 2005 to encourage private investments and employment generation in textile sector by facilitating world class infrastructure for common facilities, such as roads, power generation and distribution network, etc.

 Till date, 14 out of first 40 Parks have been completed and 13 parks are operational.

SAMARTH: It is a Skill Development and Skill Upgradation Scheme for textile sector with a target to train 10 lakh persons over a period of three years (2017-20).

Silk Samagra – Integrated Silk Development Scheme: It is a Central Sector Scheme for Silk Sector for a period of three years (2017-20) with a focus on Beneficiary Oriented Components.

North-East Region Textile Promotion Scheme (NERTPS): It aims to provide infrastructure, capacity- building and marketing support to the industry in North-East India.

 Under the Scheme, the Government has set up an Apparel and Garment Making Centre at Bodhjungnagar, Agartala under the NERTPS.

National Handicraft Development Programme (NHDP): It is an umbrella programme consisting of seven schemes for promotion and development of handicraft sector including Baba Saheb Hastshilp Vikas Yojana, Design and Technology Up-gradation, etc.

Labour law reforms: Government is now bearing 3.67% of Employee Provident Fund (EPF) contribution for new workmen in addition to existing reimbursement of 8.33% employer contribution under Pradhan Mantri Rojgar Protsahan Yojana.

Merchandise Exports from India (MEIS): Further, Directorate General of Foreign Trade has taken several measures under MEIS scheme to boost textile exports.

Deendayal Hastkala Sankul  It is a trade facilitation centre for handicrafts located in Varanasi.  The centre would help the artisans and weavers showcase their skills to the world and facilitate a brighter future for them.  It will facilitate the weavers/artisans/exporters in promotion of handlooms/handicrafts in both domestic and international markets.

214

Bunkar Mitra  It is a Helpline for Handloom weavers, where weavers can seek solutions for their technical issues/problems  The professional queries of weavers will be answered by the experts in the field using this helpline.  It is single point of contact.

Mahatma Bunker Bima Yojana  The objective of the scheme is to provide insurance cover to handloom weavers in case of natural death (Rs. 60,000/-), accidental death (Rs.1,50,000/-), total disability (Rs.1,50,000/-) and partial disability (Rs. 75,000/-).

 In addition to above, a scholarship of Rs.300/- per quarter per child is available to students studying in standards IX to XII.

Powertex  It aims to boost infrastructure and modernization of the powerloom sector  It has nine major components like In-situ Upgradation of Plain Powerlooms, Group Workshed Scheme (GWS), Yarn Bank Scheme, Common Facility Centre (CFC), Tex Venture Capital Fund etc.

215

38. MINISTRY OF CULTURE

NATIONAL MISSION FOR MANUSCRIPTS (NMM) • The mission focuses on documentation, conservation, preservation and digitization of manuscripts. • The ultimate object of the Mission is to establish a Digital Manuscripts Repository at IGNCA in which researchers and scholars can view and consult the manuscripts to understand our past in its totality. • The manuscripts documented and digitized by the NMM will be made available to researcher and scholars through a Trusted Digital Repository.

ADOPT A HERITAGE SCHEME  It is s a collaborative effort between the Ministry of Tourism, Ministry of Culture and Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), and State/UTs Governments. • It aims to involve public sector companies, private sector companies and corporate citizens/individuals to take up the responsibility for making our heritage and tourism more sustainable through development, operation and maintenance of world-class tourist infrastructure and amenities at ASI/ State heritage sites and other important tourist sites in India. • The project primarily focusses on providing basic amenities that includes cleanliness, public conveniences, drinking water, ease of access for differently abled and senior citizens. • It is part of responsible tourism where the ‘Monument Mitra’ essentially spends his CSR funds for upkeep and maintenance. • ‘Monument Mitras’ would get limited visibility in the premises and the Incredible India website.

Seva Bhoj Yojana The Union Ministry of Culture, Government of India has introduced ‘Seva Bhoj Yojna’ that seeks to reimburse Central share of Central Goods and Services Tax (CGST) and Integrated Goods and Service Tax (IGST) on food/prasad/langar/bhandara offered by charitable religious institutions.

. Seva Bhoj Yojna aims to lessens the financial burden of such charitable religious institutions (such as Temples, Gurudwara, Mosque, Church, Dharmik Ashram, Dargah, Matth, Monasteries etc) that provide food/prasad/langar (community kitchen)/bhandara free of cost without any discrimination to public/devotees.

Eligibility

. The Charitable religious institutions which have been in existence for at least three years before applying for financial assistance/grant.

. Charitable religious institution who serve free food to at least 5000 people in a month.

. Institutions need to be covered under Section 10 of the Income Tax Act or are registered as a society under the Societies Registration Act or as a Public Trust under any law for the time being in force of statuary religious bodies constituted under any Act or institutions registered under Section 12AA of Income Tax Act.

216

Intangible Heritage Scheme Sangeet Natak Akademi (SNA) is preparing the National List of Intangible Cultural Heritage.

National List of Intangible Cultural Heritage

 SNA is an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Culture is the nodal agency for the Scheme for ‘Safeguarding the Intangible Cultural Heritage and Diverse Cultural Traditions of India’.

 As of now, SNA is collaborating with Zonal Cultural Centers of Ministry, collating and preparing a list of ICH elements for National List of Intangible Cultural Heritage.

 List of ICH elements is being compiled and at least 100 elements will be documented by March, 2020 and the aim is to document at least 20 new elements in ICH list every year.

 Along with this establishment of an ‘Indian Institute for Culture’ is at conceptual stage and a mission called National Culture Mapping portal is being conceptualized for aggregating art forms and artists. It is in pilot phase.

It covers all recognized domains of ICH such as

1. oral traditions and expressions, including language as a vehicle of the intangible cultural heritage, 2. Performing arts, Social practices, rituals and festive events, 3. Knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe, 4. Traditional craftsmanship etc.  Assistance under the scheme will be provided in the form of non-recurring grants, honoraria, infrastructure grants for the survival and propagation of all forms of ICH.  Assistance will also be provided for short research and referencing work of relevance to ICH.  It also supports initiative of Ministry of HRD in setting up Sector Skill Councils relating to art under National Vocational Educational Qualifications Framework (NVEQF).

Junior Heritage Mistri Scheme  The Junior Heritage Mistri Scheme comes under the Centre's Heritage Mason programme. Rajasthan was chosen as a first pilot State for the scheme in view of its rich architectural heritage.

 The Rajasthan government is raising a new class of masons to help conserve the State's rich architectural heritage.

 Under the programme, the government has started training youths on indigenous building practices, arts and crafts, traditional structures and knowledge systems, with an emphasis on preservation of heritage architecture.

 The institution promotes construction practices based on adaptive reuse of traditional technology blended with modern techniques.

Project Mausam  Project ‘Mausam’ is a Ministry of Culture project to be implemented by Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts (IGNCA), New Delhi as the nodal coordinating agency with support of Archeological Survey of India and National Museum as associate bodies.

 Project ‘Mausam’ aims to understand how the knowledge and manipulation of the monsoon winds has shaped interactions across the Indian Ocean and led to the spread of shared 217

knowledge systems, traditions, technologies and ideas along maritime routes. These exchanges were facilitated by different coastal centres and their surrounding environs.

 Project Mausam functions at two levels:

o At the macro level, it aims to re-connect and re-establish communications between countries of the Indian Ocean world, which would lead to an enhanced understanding of cultural values and concerns.

o At the micro level, the focus is on understanding national cultures in their regional maritime milieu.

218

39.MINISTRY OF TOURISM

Swadesh Darshan  The Swadesh Darshan Scheme is a central Sector Scheme was for integrated development of theme-based tourist circuits in the country.  It is to develop theme-based tourist circuits on the principles of high tourist value, competitiveness and sustainability in an integrated manner to enrich tourist experience and enhance employment opportunities.  Under the scheme, 15 thematic circuits have been identified, for development - North-East India, Buddhist, Himalayan, Coastal, Krishna, Desert, Tribal, Eco, Wildlife, Rural, Spiritual, Ramayana, Sufi, Tirthankar and Heritage Circuit.  The first project under the Scheme was inaugurated in Manipur.  The project covers two sites i.e. Kangla Fort and Khongjom.  First Tribal circuit under the scheme was inaugurated in Chhattisgarh and this is the second project under the scheme.  Tourism Ministry has sanctioned Rs. 460.74 Crore for Five Ongoing ‗Eco Circuit‘ Projects.  The five eco circuit projects are in the states of Uttarakhand, Mizoram, Kerala, Telangana and Madhya Pradesh.  The completion of the projects sanctioned under the scheme would result in increased tourist inflow thereby creating employment opportunities for the local community.

SWADESH DHARSHAN PRASHAD SCHEME 1. Swadesh dharshan is a theme based tourist 1. The scheme is a National Mission on Pilgrimage circuit‘s development scheme. Rejuvenation and Spiritual, Heritage Augmentation Drive (PRASHAD) 2. Under the Swadesh Darshan scheme, the 2. Under PRASHAD Scheme, 41 religious sites following thematic circuits have been identified, have been identified for development in the for development namely: North-East India Circuit, country namely Amaravati and Srisailam, Buddhist Circuit, Himalayan Circuit, Coastal Kamakhya, Parasuram Kund, Patna and Gaya, Circuit, Krishna Circuit, Desert Circuit, Tirtankar Balmeshwari Devi Temple, Dwarka and Somnath, circuit, Tribal Circuit, Eco Circuit, Wildlife Circuit, Gurudwara Nada Saheb, Panchkula, Maa Rural Circuit, Spiritual Circuit, Sufi circuit, Chintpurni, Hazratbal and Katra, Deogarh and Ramayana Circuit and Heritage Circuit. Parasnath , Chamundeshwari Devi, Mysuru, Guruvayoor, St. Thomas International Shrine, Cheraman Juma Mosque, Omkareshwar and Amarkantak, Babedpara, West Jaintia Hills and Sohra, Aizwal, Kohima and Mokokchung Districts, Trimbakeshwar, Puri, Amritsar, Ajmer, Kanchipuram and Vellankani, Tripura Sundari, Varanasi and Mathura, Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gangotri and Yamunotri and Belur. 3. In the Spiritual Circuit identified under the 3. Under the PRASHAD‘ scheme the focus is on Swadesh Darshan scheme; the thrust is on development and beautification of the identified development of particular thematic circuit pilgrimage destinations consisting of various religious/spiritual destinations in a State and Union Territory.

219

 Developments in Swadesh Darshan Scheme Tribal Circuit: Peren-Kohima-Wokha  The project of development of Tribal Circuit ―Peren-Kohima-Wokha‖ was recently sanctioned by the Ministry of Tourism under Swadesh Darshan Project.  This is the first project to be implemented in the State of Nagaland under Swadesh Darshan.

 First Swadesh Darshan project in Meghalaya  Development of North East Circuit: Umiam (Lake View) - U Lum Sohpetbneng- Mawdiangdiang - Orchid Lake Resort was recently inaugurated.  Lake Umiam is a part of a dam, constructed as a first Hydel Power Project in this North-East Indian State.  U Lum Sohpetbneng is a legendary mountain peak which symbolizes the deep rooted spiritual belief of the Hynniewtrep – the seven huts people.  The Seven Huts people are predominating in the West Khasi Hills, East Khasi Hills, Ri-Bhoi and Jiantia Hills districts of East Meghalaya.

Gandhi Circuit  The Government commemorated centenary of ChamparanSatyagrah during the period for April, 2017 to April, 2018.  As a part of this, a project for ―Development of Gandhi Circuit: Bhitiharwa-Chandrahia- Turkaulia under Rural Circuit theme of Swadesh Darshan Scheme‖ has been sanctioned in Bihar with central financial assistance.  The most famous Gandhian site in Champaran, Bihar is Bhitiharwa.  It is a place where Gandhi set up a school and ashram in 1917.  Recently government has erected an ashram complex which includes a museum.

PRASAD 1. Introduced in 2015, the Pilgrimage Rejuvenation and Spiritual Augmentation Drive (PRASAD) is a government scheme that focuses on identifying and developing the pilgrim sites across the country to enrich the religious tourism experience. 2. It was launched by Union Ministry of Tourism. 3. It aims at integrated development of pilgrimage destinations in planned, prioritised and sustainable manner to provide complete religious tourism experience.

Objectives:

1. Harness pilgrimage tourism for its direct and multiplier effect upon employment generation and economic development. 2. Enhance tourist attractiveness in sustainable manner by developing world class infrastructure in the religious destinations. 3. It also seeks to promote local art, culture, handicraft, cuisine, etc.

Under it, Ministry of Tourism provides Central Financial Assistance (CFA) to State Governments for promoting tourism at identified destinations. For components within public funding under this scheme, Central Government will provide 100% fund. For improved sustainability of project, it also seeks to involve Public Private Partnership (PPP) and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as well.

220

Adopt a Heritage Project  It is an initiative of the Ministry of Tourism, in collaboration with the Ministry of Culture and the Archaeological Survey of India.  It entails encouraging students, public sector and private organisations to participate more actively in the maintenance of Indian heritage.  Under the scheme, government invites public sector companies, private sector firms as well as individuals, to develop selected monuments and heritage and tourist sites across India.  Selected firms and individuals will be appointed as ―Monument Mitras‖ for the development of tourist amenities in the selected heritage sites for an initial period of 5 years.  The sites/monument for this scheme will be selected on the basis of tourist footfall and visibility.  The Monument Mitras are selected by the ―oversight and vision committee‖, co-chaired by the TourismSecretary and the Culture Secretary.  There is no financial bid involved and the corporate sector is expected to use corporate social responsibility(CSR) funds for the upkeep of the site.  The Monument Mitras, in turn, will get limited visibility on the site premises and on the Incredible Indiawebsite.

221

 The oversight committee also has the power to terminate a memorandum of understanding in case of noncompliance or non-performance. So far, 31 agencies or Monument Mitras have been approved to adopt 95 monuments/tourist sites.  MoUs has been signed for adopting Mt. Stok Kangri (in Ladakh), Trail to Gaumukh, (in Uttarakhand), Red Fort (in Delhi) and the Gandikota Fort (in Andhra Pradesh).

Incredible India 2.0 Campaign  President of India launched Incredible India 2.0 campaign and ―Adopt a Heritage‖ project on the occasion of World Tourism Day.  The campaign will focus on developing at least 10 cities where the spirituality quotient, medical and wellness potential will be promoted.  At present cities from UP — Ayodhya, Agra, Mathura, Varanasi-Sarnath, and Gorakhpur, Haryana -Kurukshetra, Assam - Guwahati, and Tamil Nadu - Kanyakumari have been identified for developing tourist circuits.  The tourism ministry has set itself a target of completing this exercise of developing cities by October 2018.  Adopt a Heritage project entails encouraging students, public sector and private organisations to participate more actively in the maintenance of Indian heritage.

222

40.MINISTRY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NE REGION North East Rural Livelihood Project The North East Rural Livelihood Project (NERLP) has empowered the poor and improved the lives of people in about 3,00,000 rural households in Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura and Sikkim.

About North East Rural Livelihood Project

. Launched in 2012, the NERLP is a World Bank aided, multi-state ₹683 crore project under the Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region (DoNER).

. The project has been implemented in 11 districts of Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura and Sikkim with an aim to improve rural livelihoods especially that of women, unemployed youth and the most disadvantaged, in the four North Eastern States.

. There are four components to the Project:

o Social empowerment

o Economic empowerment

o Partnership development

o Project management

. The specific project objectives are to :

o Create sustainable community institutions around women Self-Help Groups (SHGs), Youth Groups of men and women (YG) and Community Development Groups (CDG).

o Build capacity of community institutions for self governance, bottom up planning, democratic functioning with transparency and accountability.

o Increase economic and livelihood opportunities.

o Develop partnership of community institutions for natural resource management, microfinance, market linkages, and sectoral economic services.

. The project also works in partnerships with expert organizations to focus on cluster development through value chain.

North East Special Infrastructure Development Scheme  It is a central sector scheme to fill up the gaps in creation of infrastructure in specified sectors till March 2020.  North East Special Infrastructure Development Scheme” (NESIDS) has been approved by the Government of India as a new Central Sector Scheme on 15.12.2017.  Under the Scheme guidelines of NESIDS, 100% centrally funding is provided to the State Governments of North Eastern Region for the projects of physical infrastructure relating to water supply, power and connectivity enhancing tourism and Social infrastructure relating to primary and secondary sectors of education and health.  The period of Scheme is 2017-18 to 2019-20. The funds are released in two installments of 40% and 60%.  Initially a token amount of Rs. 10 lakh are released and balance amount of first installment are released after receipt of letter of award of the work.

223

Non-Lapsable Central Pool of Resources  NLCPR, created in 1997–98, is the accrual of the unspent balance of the mandatory 10% budgetary allocation of the Ministries/Departments.  Its objective is to ensure speedy development of infrastructure in North eastern states and Sikkim by way of filling the existing infrastructural gaps in the region by making funds available from the pool.  The accruals in NLCPR are utilized by the Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region under the two Schemes of NLCPR (State) and NLCPR-Central.  Under the NLCPR (State) Scheme, priority projects of North Eastern States are being funded and under NLCPR-Central, funds are provided to Central Ministries for implementing projects of national and regional importance.  The scheme is approved till March, 2020 with funding pattern of 90:10.

224

41.MINISTRY OF WOMEN & CHILD DEVELOPMENT

NATIONAL CRECHE SCHEME • 60:30:10 between the Central Government, State Government and the institution running the creches. • The institution running the creche is allowed to charge user charges from the mothers for their services. (Though it is subsidised and regulated) • To provide day care facilities for children (6 months to 6 years) of working mothers who are employed for a minimum period of 15 days in a month in both urban andrural areas.

Services provided:

1. Daycare facilities including sleeping facilities. 2. Early stimulation for children below 3 years and preschool education for 3 to 6 years old children 3. Supplementary nutrition (Locally sourced) 4. Growth monitoring 5. Health Checkup and immunisation.

SUPPORT TO TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMME FOR WOMEN (STEP) • Centrally sponsored scheme • The STEP Scheme aims to provide skills that give employability to women and to provide competencies and skill that enable women to become self-employed/entrepreneurs. • The Scheme is intended to benefit women who are in the age group of 16 years and above across the country. The grant under the Scheme is given to an institution/ organization including NGOs directly and not the States/UTs. • The assistance under STEP Scheme will be available in any sector for imparting skills related to employability and entrepreneurship, including but not limited to the Agriculture, Horticulture, Food Processing, Handlooms, Tailoring, Stitching, Embroidery, Zari etc. • Handicrafts, Computer & IT enable services along with soft skills and skills for the work place such as spoken English, Gems & Jewellery, Travel & Tourism, and Hospitality.

NIRBHAYA FUND • Following the tragedy of December 2012, GOI has set up a dedicated fund – Nirbhaya Fund – which can be utilised for projects specifically designed to improve safety and security of women. • It is a non-lapsable corpus fund, being administered by the Department of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance. The corpus amounts to Rs 3600 crores upto 2018-19. • Minister of Women and Child Development (MWCD) is the nodal ministry to appraise/recommend proposals and schemes to be funded under Nirbhaya Fund. MWCD further has the responsibility to review and monitor the progress of sanctioned schemes in conjunction with the line Ministries/Departments. • Proposed projects under Nirbhaya Fund should have following features: a) Direct impact on safety and security concerns of women b) Optimum use of existing infrastructure c) Innovative use of technology d) No duplication of existing government schemes/programs e) Provision of real time intervention as far as possible. f) Strict privacy and confidentiality of women’s identity and information. g) Defined monitoring mechanism – from lowest level up to MWCD 225

h) Support of State WCD/Social Welfare Deparment, State Home Department etc. • An empowered committee was set up to review proposals for Nirbhaya fund is headed by Secretary, Ministry of Women and Child Development. • Funding patter for projects: 60:40 for all States, 90:10 for States with difficult terrains, 100% for UTs, Few initiatives are 100% funded.

MAHILA POLICE VOLUNTEERS (MPV) • They are envisaged as empowered, responsible, socially aware women for fostering leadership in local settings to facilitate outreach on gender concerns. • An MPV will serve as a public-police interface in order to fight crime against women. They will report incidence of violence against women such as domestic violence, child marriage, dowry harassment and violence faced by women in public places. She will act as role model for the community. • Haryana was the first state to launch Mahila Police Volunteers

FUNCTIONS OF MPVS:

• Create awareness of the existing services for women and children • Inform the police about any unpleasant behaviour against women and girls in the community • Act as an intelligence collection unit of the area regarding all issues pertaining to women in that area • Mobilise and facilitate Mahila aur Shishu Rakshak Dal (MASRD) preferably of 10-12 members. MASRDs may comprise of local leader, Sarpanch/ward member/RWA member, Teacher, Social Worker etc. • Mandatory visit to the local Anganwadi Centre once in a week on the day when ANMs and ASHA workers also visit the Anganwadi. • Establish linkages with Protection Officers under ‘The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005’ at district/block level • Engage and provide suggestions and feedback to the local administrations and police about improving access to services. • In the first phase, the scheme will be implemented on a pilot basis States and UTs. In the first phase, two districts from every state and one district from every UT shall be chosen based on: 1. Child Sex Ration 2. Crime Against women • Final selection of district/districts would be responsibility of the concerned State Home Department through the SP of the district. The MPV will directly report to the Circle Inspector in the Police Thana. The initial term of MPV will be for two years only and will be reviewed every 6 months. The termination of MPV can be done any time based on the review of her performance. • Provision of monthly allowance, training, reward and recognition of MPVs. Rs 1000 per month shall be paid to MPV to cover her out of pocket expenses related to mobile phone and transportation. • Fund will be released out of Nirbhaya Fund to the States at 60:40 cost sharing ratio. (90:10 for North-Eastern and Himalayan States)

MISSION POORNA SHAKTI/ NATIONAL MISSION FOR EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN • Centrally sponsored scheme • The National Mission for Empowerment of Women, launched in 2010, was renamed as the Mission Poorna Shakti. • The objective of the mission is to impart holistic empowerment of women. • The mission will focus on following areas: 1. Access to health, drinking water, sanitation and hygiene facilities. 226

2. Higher and professional education for women and girls ο Skill development, Micro credit, vocational training, entrepreneurship and SHG development 3. Gender sensitization and dissemination of information. 4. Prevention of crime against women and ensuring safe environment for women. • The first point of contact for women at village level is known as the Poorna Shakti Kendra (PSK). It is the focal point of all the action on ground and all the services to grassroots women would be facilitated.

NARI SHAKTI PURASKAR • An award of Rs. 100,000, sponsored by the Government of India • Nari Shakti Puraskar, formerly known as the Stree Shakti Puraskar is India’s highest civilian award for recognizing the achievements and contributions of women. • The award is given away by the President of India on International Women’s Day (8th March) • The Nari Shakti Puraskar is conferred on individual women, public and private institutions and public departments for their activism and/ or their contributions to the cause of women's empowerment. • The award, instituted in the year 1999 by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India, is given in six institutional categories and two individual categories.

DHANLAKSHMI SCHEME • This is a conditional cash transfer scheme for the girl child with insurance cover which would go a long way towards ensuring the survival of the girl child and assuring a better life for her. • The direct and tangible objective of the scheme is to provide a set of financial incentives for families to encourage them to retain a girl child, educate her and prevent child marriage.

PM MAHILA SHAKTI KENDRA (MSK) • MSK will be implemented with a cost sharing pattern between the Central Government and the States as 60:40, except in respect of North Eastern and Special Category States where the cost sharing ratio shall be 90:10. • In the UTs the scheme will be implemented with 100% central funds. All payments made under the scheme must be through PFMS under DBT mode. • GOI has approved MSK for 2017-18 upto 2019-20 to empower rural women through community participation and to create an environment in which they realize their full potential. • The new scheme is envisaged to work at various levels. 1. National level (domain based knowledge support) 2. State level (State Resource Centre for Women) structures will provide technical support to the respective government on issues related to women, 3. The District and Block level Centres will provide support to MSK and also give a foothold to Beti Bachao Beti Padhao in 640 districts to be covered in a phased manner.

RASHTRIYA MAHILA KOSH (RMK) • RMK, established in 1993 is a national level organization as an autonomous body for socio- economic empowerment of women. • The operating model currently followed by RMK is that of a facilitating agency wherein RMK provides loans to NGO-MFIs termed as Intermediary Organizations (IMO) which on-lend to Self Help Groups (SHGs) of women. • RMK extends micro-credit to the women in the informal sector through a client friendly, without collateral and in a hassle-free manner for income generation activities.

227

• RMK has taken a number of promotional measures to popularize the concept of micro financing, enterprise development, thrift and credit, formation and strengthening of Women-SHGs through intermediary organizations.

Poshan Abhiyan/National Nutrition Mission PM‘s Overarching Scheme for Holistic Nourishment (POSHAN) Abhiyan is a flagship programme to improve nutritional outcomes for children, pregnant women and lactating mothers.

. POSHAN Abhiyaan (National Nutrition Mission) was launched by the government on March 8, 2018.

. The Abhiyaan targets to reduce stunting, undernutrition, anemia (among young children, women and adolescent girls) and reduce low birth weight by 2%, 2%, 3% and 2% per annum respectively.

. The target of the mission is to bring down stunting among children in the age group 0-6 years from 38.4% to 25% by 2022. POSHAN Abhiyaan aims to ensure service delivery and interventions by use of technology, behavioural change through convergence and lays-down specific targets to be achieved across different monitoring parameters.

. Under the Abhiyaan, Swasth Bharat Preraks will be deployed one in each district for coordinating with district officials and enabling fast and efficient execution of the Abhiyaan across the country. Swasth Bharat Preraks would function as catalyst for fast tracking the implementation of the Abhiyaan.

The National Council on India’s Nutrition Challenges . Set up under the Poshan Abhiyaan, the Council is also known as National Council on Nutrition (NCN).

. The NCN is headed by the Vice-Chairman of the NITI Aayog.

. It provides policy directions to address nutritional challenges in the country and review programmes.

. It is a national level coordination and convergence body on nutrition.

. $200 million loan from World Bank will be used for implementing the National Nutrition Mission.

Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana • Since 2005, JSY pays Rs. 1,400 to poor women who deliver in a hospital, for the first two deliveries. • National Food Security Act (2013) mandated the payment of no less than Rs.6,000 to all pregnant women, irrespective of their income status. • So the Ministry has formulated Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana. • It was implemented using the platform of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme and in selected 53 districts across the country. • Pan-India Expansion of Indira Gandhi MatritvaSahyog Yojana is called Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY)/Maternity Benefit Programmee. • The Scheme provides cash incentives to pregnant and lactating women. o for the wage loss so that the woman can take adequate rest before and after delivery; • to improve her health and nutrition during the period of pregnancy and lactation; • to breastfeed the child during the first six months of the birth, which is very vital for the development of the child.

228

• All Pregnant Women and Lactating Mothers (PW&LM), excluding those in regular employment with the Government or PSUs or those who are in receipt of similar benefits under any law for the time being are eligible. • Pregnant Women and Lactating Mothers who are eligible will receive a cash benefit of Rs.5,000/- in three instalment. • The cash incentive is payable in three instalments for the first live birth, as normally, the first pregnancy of a woman exposes her to new kind of challenges and stress factors. • However, to address the problem of malnutrition and morbidity among children, the anganwadi services, which is universal, is available to all PW&LM including the second pregnancy. • The cash transfer would be Aadhaar linked through the individual bank/post office account etc. in DBT mode. • It is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme and the cost sharing between Centre and States is 60:40 for all the States and UTs (with legislature), 90:10 for NER and Himalayan States and 100% GoI share for UTs without legislatures. • Thus a PW&LM will get Rs. 5,000/- under PMMVY and the remaining cash incentive as per approved norms under Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) after institutional delivery so that on an average, a woman gets Rs. 6000/-

Integrated Child Development Scheme • ICDS is a centrally sponsored scheme implemented by state governments and union territories. • It aims at providing supplementary nutrition, immunization and pre-school education to the children. • Objectives- To prevent and reduce young child under-nutrition (% underweight children 0-3 years) by 10 percentage points, enhance early development and learning outcomes in all children 0-6 years of age, improve care and nutrition of girls and women and reduce Anaemia prevalence in young children, girls and women by one fifth by the end of 12th five year plan. • Beneficiaries -Children in the age group of 0-6 years, Pregnant women and Lactating mothers. • Services under ICDS -It offers a package of six services such as Supplementary Nutrition, Pre- school non-formal education, Nutrition & health education, Immunization, Health check-up and Referral services. • The services are offered at Anganwadi Centres through Anganwadi Workers (AWWs) and Anganwadi Helpers (AWHS) at grassroots level. • All components of ICDS except Supplementary Nutrition Programme (SNP) are financed through a 60:40 ratio (central : state). The Supplementary Nutrition Programme (SNP) component was funded through a 50:50 ratio. The North East states have a 90:10 ratio.

SABLA • SABLA/Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Girls is a centrally sponsored scheme to empower adolescent girls of 11-18 years and it is implemented through the State Governments/UTs. • Objectives:Enable the adolescent girls for self-development and empowerment, Improve their nutrition and health status, Promote awareness about health, hygiene, nutrition, adolescent reproductive and sexual health (arsh) and family and child care and to educate, skill and make them ready for life‘s challenges. It provides an integrated package of services such as i. Nutrition provision ii. Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation iii. Health check-up and Referral services iv. Nutrition & Health Education (NHE) 229

v. Counseling/Guidance on family welfare, Adolescent Reproductive and Sexual Health (ARSH) , child care practices and home management vi. Life Skill Education and accessing public services vii. Vocational training for girls aged 16 & above under National Skill Development Program viii. All Components except nutrition provision will get 100% financial assistance from the Central Government. The nutrition provision will be funded by Central government up to the extent of 50%.

SAKSHAM • SAKSHAM/Rajiv Gandhi Scheme for Empowerment of Adolescent Boys aims holistic development of Adolescent Boys, on the pattern of SABLA. • It would aim at the all-round development of Adolescent Boys to make them self-reliant, gender- sensitive and aware citizens, when they grow up. • The scheme will focus on all Adolescent Boys between 11 to 18 years and will primarily focus on out-of-school boys. The main objectives of SAKSHAM includes 1. To make the Adolescent Boys gender sensitive, self-development and empowerment. 2. To address the health needs i.e. the physical, mental and emotional health of ABs. 3. To create sensitized Ahimsa Messengers to address Violence against Women. 4. To provide relevant information and vocational skills through National Skill Development Program (NSDP) for future work-participation. 5. To promote awareness about health, hygiene, nutrition and Adolescent Reproductive & Sexual Health (ARSH) and family and child care. • The scheme will utilize the structures made under ICDS (Integrated Child Development Services Scheme). • The Anganwadicenters are the central points to deliver the services, and if the Anganwadi infrastructure is inadequate, it will be provided by the local Panchayat or Municipal Committee.

Kishori Shakthi Yojana  Kishori Shakti Yojana (KSY) seeks to empower adolescent girls, so as to enable them to take charge of their lives.  It is viewed as a holistic initiative for the development of adolescent girls.  The programme through its interventions aims at bringing about a difference in the lives of adolescent girls.  It seeks to provide them with an opportunity to realize their full potential.  This scheme is a redesign of the already existing Adolescent Girls (AG) Scheme being implemented as a component under the centrally sponsored Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Scheme.  The new scheme dramatically extends the coverage of the earlier scheme with significant content enrichment, strengthens the training component, particularly in skill development, aspects aimed at empowerment and enhanced self-perception.  It also fosters convergence with other sectoral programmes, addressing the interrelated needs of adolescent girls and women.

Kishori Health Cards  States are maintaining Kishori Health Cards for Adolescent Girls in Angawadi Centres (AWCs) to record the information about the weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI) along with other services provided under the scheme.

230

 The details of achievements/outcomes made under the scheme are marked on Kishori Health Card and the card also carries important milestones of Adolescent Girls’ life including mainstreaming them into the schools.

Pradhan Mantri Mahila Shakti Kendra • The objective of this new scheme is to empower rural women through community participation. • Improving the child sex ratio, survival of new born girl child, girl education and empower them through several initiatives are the main motives. • Under the scheme, community engagement through student volunteers is envisioned in the backward districts at block level. • Student volunteers will help in awareness generation regarding various important government programmes as well as social issues. • It will be implemented by the Ministry of Women and Child Development under umbrella mission for ―Protection and Empowerment for Women‖ for the duration of 2017-18 to 2019- 20.

Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Scheme • The scheme is launched to address the issue of decline in CSR in 100 gender critical districts and to provide convergent efforts to ensure survival, protection and education of the girl child.

The objectives of the Scheme are 1. Prevent gender biased sex selective elimination 2. Ensure survival & protection of the girl child 3. Ensure education of the girl child • The initiative has two major components such as mass communication campaign and multi- sectoral action covering all States and UTs. • It is being implemented in a coordinated effort by Ministry of WCD, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and Ministry of HRD. • The Union Cabinet has recently given its approval for expansion of BetiBachaoBetiPadhao for a Pan India reach covering all the 640 districts of the country as per census 2011. • CSR - Number of girls per 1000 boys in the age group of 0-6 years. It declined sharply from 976 in 1961 to 918 in Census 2011.

Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana • It is launched as a part of the ‗BetiBachaoBetiPadhao' campaign. • It is a small deposit scheme for girl child to motivate parents to open an account in the name of a girl child and for her welfare to deposit maximum of their savings. • The account can be opened at any time from the birth of a girl child till she attains the age of 10 years in any post office or authorized branches of commercial banks. • A minimum of Rs. 1000 and maximum of Rs. 1.5 lakh can be deposited during a financial year and fetch an interest rate of 9.1 % and provide income tax rebate. • The account will get matured in 21 years from the date of opening of account or marriage of the girl child after attaining 18 years of age. • Partial Withdrawal for girl child education can be done when she cleared 10th class or turned 18 years. • 100% of the amount can be withdrawn after girl child turns 18 is allowed and the provision of not allowing the withdrawal till the age of 18 is to prevent early marriage.

231

UJJAWALA Scheme • It is comprehensive Scheme for Prevention of Trafficking and Rescue, Rehabilitation and Re- Integration of Victims of Trafficking for Commercial Sexual Exploitation. • The Objectives of the Schemes - • To prevent trafficking of women and children for commercial sexual exploitation through social mobilization and involvement of local communities, awareness generation programmes, etc. • To facilitate rescue of victims from the place of their exploitation and place them in safe custody. • To provide rehabilitation services • To facilitate reintegration of the victims into the family and society at large. • To facilitate repatriation of cross-border victims to their country of origin.

Swadhar • It caters to primary needs of women in difficult circumstances. • This is a Central sector scheme for integrated services to women in difficult circumstances like destitute widows, women prisoners released from jail and without family support, women survivors of natural disasters, trafficked women/girls, mentally challenged women etc. • The package of services include provision for food, clothing, shelter, health care, counselling and legal support, social and economic rehabilitation through education, awareness generation, skill upgradation.

Swadhar Greh Scheme • It aims to ensure economic and social security to women in distress or victims of difficult circumstances who are in need of institutional support for rehabilitation so that they could lead their life with dignity. • It envisages providing shelter, food, clothing and health as well as economic and social security for these women.

SHe-box Portal • The Ministry of Women and Child Development has linked She-Box, the online portal to report complaints of Sexual Harassment at Workplace, to all the Central Ministries, Departments and 653 districts across 33 States/Union Territories.

• The portal can be accessed at the following link: http://shebox.nic.in/

She-Box portal: • An effort to provide speedy remedy to women facing sexual harassment at workplace. • Once a complaint is submitted, it will be directly sent to the section of the employer concerned.

• Here, both the WCD and the complainant can monitor the progress of the inquiry.

• Those who have already filed a written complaint with the concerned Internal Complaint Committee (ICC) or Local Complaint Committee (LCC) constituted under the Sexual Harassment Act are also eligible to file their complaint through this portal.

232

Handbook and Training Module on the Sexual Harassment Act: • The Ministry has published a Handbook and Training Module to provide information about the provisions of the Act in easy to use practical manner.

• The private organizations are encouraged to customize the Training Module as per their extant service rules and disciplinary procedures prescribed therein.

• This is a proactive step taken in the wake of the worldwide campaign #MeToo, where women have related their experience of facing sexual harassment and abuse at workplace.

Sakhi Aim these OSCs is to provide integrated services for women affected with violence.

 It is being implemented since April 1, 2015.  It is funded from Nirbhaya Fund.  It aims to facilitate access to integrated range of services including medical aid, police assistance, legal aid and case management, psychosocial counselling and temporary support services to women affected by violence.  Under the scheme, it has been envisaged that Sakhi OSCs will be set up across the country in a phased manner.  In the first phase, one centre was sanctioned per state/UT.  Further, 150 additional centres were taken up in second phase.  50 additional OSCs were recently approved by WCD Ministry.  Currently, 168 Sakhi OSCs are operational in 32 States/UTs.

Jan Sampark • It is a monthly programme to facilitate adoption. • The Central Adoption Resource Authority (CARA) under MoWCD is the nodal authority. • The first of its kind programme was held recently in New Delhi. • The Programme enables the public to have interaction with its officials and staff for seeking information related to Adoption.

NARI • NARI is an online portal developed by the Ministry of Women and Child Development. • The portal will provide women citizens with easy access to information on government schemes and initiatives for women. • It provides links to the Ministries, Departments and autonomous bodies offering the schemes as well as easy access to online applications and grievance redressal.

Khoya PayaWeb Portal • The Khoya-Paya portal is a citizen based website to exchange information on missing and found children. It has been developed by the Ministry of Women and Child Development and the Department of Electronics and Information Technology (DeitY). • Missing children, as well as sightings of their whereabouts without wasting much time. • The ‘Found’ children can also be reported on this web portal. • The reporting can be done through text, photographs, videos and other means of transmitting and uploading information to the Khoya-Paya site. • The cases reported in the portal would be made public only after preliminary scrutiny.

233

Other Initiatives 1. Priyadarshini Scheme- It is a women Empowerment and Livelihoods Programme in the Mid Gangetic Plains

The focus of the project is on livelihood enhancement, the beneficiaries will be empowered to address their political, legal, health problems issues through rigorous capacity building. 2. Mahila E-Haat - It is an initiative for meeting aspirations and needs of women.

It is a bilingual portal provides unique direct online marketing platform leveraging technology for supporting women entrepreneurs/SHGs/ NGOs for showcasing their products / services.

3. Dhanalakshmi Scheme - The objective of the scheme is to provide a set of financial incentives for families to encourage them to retain a girl child, educate her and prevent child marriage.

The scheme provides for cash transfers to the family of the girl child on fulfilling certain specific conditions like immunization, enrolment and retention in school, insurance cover etc.

4. e-Samvad - e-Samvad is an online portal to provide a platform for NGOs and Civil Societies to interact with the Ministry of Women & Child Development.

Through e-Samvad, NGOs and civil society can provide their feedback, suggestions, put up grievances, share best practices which will help in formulation of effective policies.

234

42.MINISTRY OF YOUTH AFFAIRS & SPORTS

TARGET OLYMPIC PODIUM SCHEME • India Infrastructure Finance Company Limited (IIFCL), a PSU under the Ministry of Finance, has agreed to contribute Rs. 30 crores to National Sports Development Fund (NSDF) by contribution of Rs. 10 crore per annum for next three years. • The scheme focuses on identifying and supporting potential medal prospects for 2016 and 2020 Olympic Games. • The selected athletes will be provided financial assistance for their customized training at Institutes having world class facilities and other necessary support. • Focused disciplines will be Athletics, Archery, Badminton, Boxing, Wrestling and Shooting. • Benchmark for selection of athletes under the scheme will be in relation to international standards. • There will be annual/semi-annual review of performance of selected athletes. • All the would result in improved performance and a higher position in medals tally for the country

NATIONAL YOUTH PARLIAMENT • Organised by Department of Youth Affairs, Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports development. • The National Service Scheme and Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangthan organisations will be involved in its conduct and management. • To hear the voice of youth between 18 and less than 25 years of age, who are allowed to vote but cannot stand as a candidate for election, through deliberations in Youth Parliaments at district level and above. • Encourage youth to engage with public issues, understand the common man's point of view, form their opinion and express it in an articulate manner • Develop and enhance decision making abilities, tolerance for view of others, respect for rules • Obtain and document their opinion on Vision of New India in 2022. • Make available the views of youth to policy makers and implementers to take it forward.

CRITERIA FOR PARTICIPATION

• More than 18 and less than 25 years of age

• District Youth Parliament: Conducted at district level. • State Youth Parliament: Youth selected by a jury from the district youth parliament will participate at the State level in SYP. • National Youth Parliament: Youth selected by a jury from the State Youth Parliament will participate at the National level in NYP. Two winners from each State will participate as speakers in the NYP. Highest scorer from each district in the DYP will participate in the NYP as a delegate. Three best speakers at the NYP will be awarded Rs 2 lakhs, Rs 1.50 lakhs and Rs 1 lakh by the PM.

JURY

• The Youth Parliaments ie DYP, SYP, NYP will each be adjudged by a 5 member jury. Each jury will be compromised of the following members:

1. Parliamentarian/MLA/Eminent political leader

2. Retired/serving officers including uniformed service officers 235

3. Eminent artist/Social Personality

4. Eminent journalist/writers

5. Educationist

MISSION XI MILLION • It is the biggest school sport outreach programme. • A first of its kind, the programme will encourage children to play the game of football, gain healthy habits and learn important life lessons in teamwork and sportsman spirit.

SWACHH YUG CAMPAIGN • Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, in partnership with Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports and Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation • A nodal officer has been identified for each district to work on making their district Open Defecation Free (ODF) in mission mode • Swachh Yug campaign aims to make villages located along Ganga Open Defecation Free. • The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, in partnership with Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, and Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, is intensifying support to the five States of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal, to make all villages along the banks of the Ganga Open Defecation Free • The campaign, being a collaborative effort between the Swachh Bharat Mission, local youth leaders and the Namami Gange project - is being called ‘Swachh’, which translates into ‘the age of Swachh’. • The youth agencies under the Union Ministry of Youth Affairs viz. Bharat Scouts and Guides, Nehru Yuva Kendras and National Service Scheme will be deployed for the campaign.

Rajiv Gandhi Khel Abhiyan Ministry/Department: Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports

Objective: Aims at mainstreaming sport as tool for individual development, community development, economic development and national development.

A program of central government for development of sports.

 Khelo India is a merger of following schemes:

 Rajiv Gandhi Khel Abhiyan(RGKA)

 Urban Sports Infrastructure Scheme (USIS)

 National Sports Talent Search Scheme (NSTSS)

 The revamped programme for period 2017-18 to 2019-20 aims to impact entire sports ecosystem, including infrastructure, talent identification, community sports, coaching, competition structure and sports economy.

 It includes:

 Pan Indian Sports Scholarship Scheme

236

 Sports Universities

 National Physical Fitness Drive

 It aims to help scout young talent from schools in various disciplines and groom them as future sports champions.

 Under it, talented players are identified in priority sports disciplines at various levels by High- Powered Committed and each selected player is provided annual financial assistance of Rs. 5 lakh for 8 years.

Rajiv Gandhi Khel Abhiyan(RGKA):  The RGKA was a centrally sponsored scheme l

 Launched in2014.

 It was launched in place of erstwhile Panchayat Yuva Krida aur Khel Abhiyan (PYKKA).

 RGKA aimed at constructing sports complexes in each block and exclusively both for indoor and outdoor in different sports discipline for 5 years.

PYKKA:

It was a rural sports initiative introduced by the Union Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports to promote youth and social development through sports.

Rashtriya Yuva Sashaktikaran Karyakram

It is a flagship programme to enable youth to realise their potential.

8-schemes under RYSK are

1. Nehru Yuva Kendra Sangathan(NYKS);

2. National Youth Corps (NYC);

3. National Programme for Youth & Adolescent Development (NPYAD);

4. International Cooperation;

5. Youth Hostels (YH);

6. Assistance to Scouting & Guiding Organizations;

7. National Discipline Scheme (NDS); and

8. National Young Leaders Programme (NYLP)

The beneficiaries are the youth in the age-group of 15-29 years, in line with the definition of 'youth' in the National Youth Policy, 2014.

237

Khelo India . The Prime Minister will launch the first-ever Khelo India University Games in Cuttack (Odisha) on February 22, 2020.

. The Khelo India University Games are being launched by the Government of India in association with the Government of Odisha.

. It is an aspirational competition for India’s youngsters with the objective of helping them find the balance between sport and education.

. It is the largest ever competition held at the university level in India and will have about 3500 athletes from over 150 universities across the country taking part in it.

. There will be a total of 17 sports namely archery, athletics, boxing, fencing, judo, swimming, weightlifting, wrestling, badminton, basketball, football, hockey, table tennis, tennis, volleyball, rugby and kabaddi.

238

43.MINISTRY OF PERSONNEL, PUBLIC GRIEVANCES & PENSIONS

e-HRMS 1. Electronic-Human Resource Management System (e-HRMS) is an online platform for central government employees to apply for leave and access their service-related information. 2. It will also help the employees to apply for different kind of claims/reimbursements, loan/advances etc on a single platform. 3. The e-service book which is already in service for DoPT employees for accessing the service- related details of an employee will also be integrated in to the e-HRMS.

COMMIT 1. Improving public service delivery.

2. Promoting citizen- centric administration and good governance.

3. Providing effective induction training to latest recruits in the state.

COMMIT will be strategically aligned with the goals and missions of the twelve day – Induction Training Programme (ITP) to develop attitude and skills towards improving citizen centric service delivery. The programme is designed in such a way that the officers can complete their online module of training (e- learns), hosted on the (DoPT) website alongside a face to face training of 8 hours by a Master Trainer at a District Training Centre. The State Administrative Training Institutes (ATIs) will act as implementing agencies of COMMIT. The benefits of COMMIT supplementing the traditional classroom induction- ITP are manifold.

 The requirement of a classroom space is ruled out, better opportunities to the officers who haven’t been exposed to training in order to hone their skills and to build up generic & domain specific competencies.

 Convenience of online learning along with the benefits of instructional & social interaction.

 It has a potential of covering about 3.3 lakh officials every year, while the ITP could cover only 10 thousand officials a year.

 Allows translation of the content to local/regional language which would make the training more effective.

On a pilot basis, COMMIT will be launched in the states of Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, West Bengal, Haryana, Assam during the current financial year 2017-18. Within the next year, it is believed to cover the whole of India.

Sankalp Programme • Pre-Retirement Counselling (PRC) Workshop ‘Sankalp‘ for the retiring employees of Ministries/Departments was organised by the Department of Pensions & Pensioners' Welfare (DOP&PW). • The aim of this program is to counsel retiring employees for joining into advisory bodies of their respective offices and also to dispose of grievances. • DOP&PW has so far conducted Pre-Retirement Counselling for more than 3000 employees under the Sankalp project. • A web portal for ―Sankalp‘ programme has also been launched, for Pensioners, Pensioner Associations and NGOs to avail the services.

239

• At present only Central Government Civil Pensioners, Defence, Civilians and Defence Retirees are eligible for registration under SANKALP. pensioners • This programme is not to be confused with ―Sankalp Se Siddhi‖ Scheme.

Sankalp Se Siddhi • Sankalp Se Siddhi (Attainment through Resolve) programme is a new initiative launched by union government for a New India movement from 2017 to 2022. • It was launched on the 75th anniversary of Quit India movement. • New India movement 2017-2022 aims to free up the country from many social evils such as poverty, corruption, terrorism, filth and others by creating awareness among the people.

240

44.NITI AAYOG

Aspirational Districts Programme • The aim is to quickly and effectively transform some of India's most underdeveloped districts. • It will identify areas of immediate improvement, measure progress, and rank districts. • The broad ideas of the programme include - i. convergence of central and state schemes ii. collaboration of central, state level ‗Prabhari‘ (in-charge) officers and district collectors iii. competition among districts • The 115 districts were chosen by senior officials of the Union government in consultation with State officials based on a composite Index. The parameters included are i. deprivation enumerated under Socio-Economic Caste Census ii. key health and education performance indicators iii. state of basic infrastructure • The baseline ranking is based on 49 indicators across 5 sectors - health and nutrition, education, agriculture and water resources, financial inclusion and skill development and basic infrastructure. • A minimum of one district was chosen from every State. • The baseline ranking would be followed by delta ranking of these districts based on their "incremental progress". • The progress of each district will be monitored by the dashboard which has all the latest available data in the 5 sectors given by the District Collectors. • For each district, a four-tier supervisory mechanism has been put in place with a Central Nodal Officer from the Union Government, a State Nodal Officer from concerned State Govt,a District Nodal Officer / District Collector and a Union Minister-in-charge.

Price Deficiency Payment Scheme • Under this, farmers will be compensated for the difference between the MSPs for select crops and their actual market prices. 1. For crops such as rice and wheat where MSP is effective now, the same will continue. 2. For other targeted crops, price deficiency payments system will be introduced. • However, notably there may be a cap on the extent to which the Centre will bridge the gap between MSP and market price. • It is now included under Umbrella Scheme ―Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay SanraksHan Abhiyan‘ (PM-AASHA). The Scheme is aimed at ensuring remunerative prices to the farmers for their produce. • PM AASHA includes the mechanism of ensuring remunerative prices to the farmers and is comprised of 1. Price Support Scheme (PSS), 2. Price Deficiency Payment Scheme (PDPS) 3. Pilot of Private Procurement & Stockist Scheme (PPPS). • A farmer would have to register with the nearest APMC mandi and report the total area sown, to avail this benefit. • The subsidy would be paid via Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) into the farmer‘s Aadhaar-linked bank account. 241

Atal Innovation Mission • AIM will be an Innovation Promotion Platform involving academics, entrepreneurs, and researchers drawing upon national and international experiences to foster a culture of innovation, R&D in India. • The platform will also promote a network of world-class innovation hubs and grand challenges for India. • Under this mission two major schemes were rolled out such as: i. Atal Tinkering Labs ii. Atal Incubation Centres

Atal Tinkering Labs • More than 900 Atal Tinkering Labs have been established across the country as a part of the Atal Innovation Mission. • These labs are meant to be non-prescriptive by nature, and mentors are expected to be enablers rather than instructors. • They are dedicated works spaces where students from Class 6th to Class 12th learn innovation skills and develop ideas that will go on to transform India.

Self-Employment and Talent Utilization • SETU or Self Employment and Talent Utilization Scheme is a techno- financial, incubation and facilitation programme to give support and encouragement to young start-ups and other self-employment technology-intensive ideas. • It will involve setting up of incubation centres and enhance skill development. • It aims to create around 100,000 jobs through start-ups Factual Information: • Under NITI Aayog • SETU started with initial sum of Rs. 1000 Crore • Started in 2015

SATH program • Sustainable Action for Transforming Human capital (SATH)

• NITI Aayog under the SATH initiative plans to identify and build three future ‘role model’ states for health systems.

• The vision of the program is to initiate transformation in the education and health sectors. The program addresses the need expressed by many states for technical support from NITI. • NITI Ayog will identify three states and will work with them • It will help in designing a robust roadmap, develop a program governance structure, establish monitoring and tracking mechanisms, and provide support to the state institutions to achieve the end objectives. • SATH program will be implemented by NITI Aayog along with McKinsey & Company and IPE Global consortium

Mentor India Campaign • NITI Aayog has launched Mentor India Campaign, a strategic nation building initiative to engage leaders for guiding and mentoring students at Atal Tinkering Labs.

242

• The Mentor India Campaign aims at maximising the impact of Atal Tinkering Labs by engaging leaders who will nurture and guide students in the Atal Tinkering Labs. • Under this initiative, NITI Aayog is looking for leaders who can spend one to two hours every week in one or more such labs to enable students learn, experience and practice future skills such as design and computational thinking.

243

OTHER SCHEMES

E-Samiksha Portal • It is a real time, on-line system for monitoring of follow-up action on the decisions taken during the presentations made by different Ministries/Departments to the Prime Minister. • It is developed by the cabinet secretariat with technical support from the National Informatics Centre. • “Monitor, Follow Up, Action” are the taglines assigned by the government to e-SamikSha. • Different users such as the PMO/Cabinet Secretariat/Ministries/Departments can securely access the system through a log-in/password. • For eg, if a joint secretary is sitting on a file on a big infrastructure project that‘s a PMO priority, this system will allow the prime minister to intervene digitally and ask the officer concerned to explain the delay or expedite decision-making. • Every task is assigned four status descriptors - Not Started, Under Implementation, Implemented and • No Further Action Required. • The portal also enables tracking centre-state co-ordination issues. • Few districts and metropolitan authority also developed this portal to monitor at micro level.

E-Patrachar – It is a facility launched to send meeting notices via SMS, email etc.

E-Samiksha launched  The Indian Railways recently launched E-Samiksha, an online monitoring mechanism.  To monitor implementation of various ongoing projects including Rail Budget proposals.  This portal would help to keep an eye on the implementation of budget commitments. This portal will mainly focus on Budget Review, Board Meetings, Zonal Railway Review, Infrastructure Targets and Project Implementation Review.

1. E-Samiksha is a real time, on-line system for monitoring of follow-up action on the decisions taken during the presentations made by different Ministries/Departments to the Prime Minister.

2. The follow-up action in respect of each decision is to be updated by the concerned Ministry/Department/Agency as and when the status changes or at least every month.

3. The software is designed by NIC.

4. The software is currently being used by Cabinet Secretariat, PMO and other Ministries for monitoring progress implementation of various programmes and follow-up of meetings.

e-Vidhan  It is a Mission Mode Project to digitize and make the functioning of State Legislatures paperless.  Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs is the Nodal Ministry for this project.  The Ministry desires to roll out e-Vidhan as National e-Vidhan Application (NeVA), covering all 40 Houses including two Houses of Parliament and State legislatures.  It is to be used by the Legislatures as well as all the Government Departments.  This project was first executed in Himachal Pradesh which made the Shimla Legislative Assembly the first Assembly in India to go paperless in 2014.

244

 The mNeVA (NeVA-mobile app) is a user-friendly app that has made information on conduct of business in Legislatures accessible anytime, anywhere to everyone.  It is a work-flow based app deployed in Cloud (Meghraj).

Gram Uday se Bharat Uday Abhiyan Gram Uday Se Bharat Uday Abhiyan (Village Self Governance Campaign)

 The campaign was launched on the 125th birth anniversary of Babasaheb Ambedkar at his birthplace.

 The aim of this campaign is to make nationwide efforts to strengthen Panchayati Raj and through it, boost social harmony in the villages, promote rural development and foster farmers’ welfare & livelihoods of the poor.

 The campaign will be run jointly by the Ministries of Rural Development, Agriculture, Social Justice, Labour and Information and Broadcasting along with the States.

Baal Aadhar  UIDAI has come up with a Blue coloured Aadhaar card forchildren aged below 5 years.  It does not include child's biometric information.  Photo ID cards issued by child's school, child's birth certificate and a mobile number can be used for his/her Aadhaar enrolment.  The first mandatory biometric update is required at the age of 5 to include child's biometric information like fingerprints and iris scan and the second mandatory update at the age of 15.

SAATHI Initiative The Department of Science & Technology (Ministry of Science and Technology) has launched a unique scheme called Sophisticated Analytical & Technical Help Institutes (SATHI).

. The DST has already set up 3 such centres in the country, one each at IIT Kharagpur, IIT Delhi and BHU. It is planned to set up 5 SATHI Centres every year for the next four years.

. These Centres have major analytical instruments and advanced manufacturing facilities to provide common services of high-end analytical testing, thus avoiding duplication and reduced dependency on foreign sources.

. Science and Technology infrastructure:

o Address the need for shared, professionally managed and strong Science and Technology infrastructure in the country which is easily accessible to academia, start-ups, manufacturing, industry and R&D labs.

. Efficient Use of Equipments:

o Address the problems of accessibility, maintenance, redundancy and duplication of expensive equipment in Institutions.

. Intellectual Property Rights :

o Address the issue of Intellectual property (IP) creation and protection, a digital platform will be created which will facilitate seamless application and capture IPRs (Intellectual Property Rights).

245

. Knowledge Translation Clusters:

o These clusters will be set up across different technology sectors including in new and emerging sectors for designing, fabrication and proof of concept and further scaling up technology clusters.

. Besides the SATHI initiative, extra funds to 100 top-performing departments in universities and IITs etc will be provided in 2020 for augmentation of their research facilities to global benchmarks.

. The research efforts of these supported departments will be in sync with the national priorities of excellence in manufacturing, waste processing, clean energy and water, and Start-up India, etc.

SwachhSwasthSarvatra 1. It is an inter-ministerial joint initiative between the Ministry of Jal Shaktiandthe Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. 2. Its objective to strengthen community health centres in blocks across the country to enable them to achieve higher levels of cleanliness and hygiene. 3. It is focused on the twin objectives of constructing toilets and enabling behavioural change. 4. A financial assistance of Rs.10 lakh will be given to the community health centres so that they can be strengthened to meet the standards of sanitation, hygiene and infection control. 5. The three key components are:

1. Community Health Centres (CHCs) in ODF blocks supported to achieve Kayakalp certification 2. Gram Panchayat of Kayakalp Primary Health Centres (PHCs) prioritized to become ODF 3. Training in WASH (Water, Sanitation and Hygiene) of CHC/PHC nominees

Mission XI Million 1. A first of its kind, the programme will encourage children to play the game of football, gain healthy habits and learn important life lessons in teamwork and sportsman spirit.

2. The approach is to work with school principals and sports teachers and encourage and incentivize them to make children play football games on regular basis.

3. Designed with international sporting expertise, but keeping in mind the ground realities of our huge and varied country, it aims to instill the passion for football in 11 million children from every part of the country.

4. Mission XI Million also equips parents and schools with the equipment and the knowledge about how to make regular play a reality for their wards.

Swachh Yug Campaign  Ministry of Jal Shakti, in partnership with Ministry of Youth Affairs & Sports and Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation, has launched ‘Swachh Yug‘ campaign.  It involves intensifying support to the five States of Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal to make all villages along the banks of the Ganga, Open Defecation Free (ODF). 246

 The campaign is a collaborative effort between the Swachh Bharat Mission, local youth leaders and NamamiGange Project.  A nodal officer has been identified for each district to work on making their district Open Defecation Free (ODF) in mission mode.

Kashmir Super 50  It is a joint initiative by Indian Army, Center for Social Responsibility and Leadership (CSRL) and PETRONET LNG Limited (PLL).  It was launched in 2013 to transform the educational status of children from economically weaker sections in  the Kashmir region.  As part of the 11-month program, selected students are provided with complete free residential coaching for IIT-JEE, JKCET and other premier Engineering Institutes.  It is a major initiative towards bringing normalcy in the valley.

PRAGATI  Prime Minister will chair the 32nd interaction through PRAGATI (Pro-Active Governance and Timely Implementation) on 22nd January 2020.  It is held once every month on Fourth Wednesday at 3.30 PM and known as PRAGATI Day.  It is a platform which enables the Prime Minister to discuss the issues with the concerned Central and State officials with full information and latest visuals of the ground-level situation.  It was launched in 2015 and has been designed by the Prime Minister’s Office (PMO) team with the help of National Informatics Center (NIC).  It is a three-tier system (PMO, Union Government Secretaries, and Chief Secretaries of the States).  The three objectives of PRAGATI are:  Grievance Redressal  Programme Implementation  Project Monitoring.  The PRAGATI platform uniquely bundles three latest technologies: Digital data management, video-conferencing and geo-spatial technology.  It promotes cooperative federalism as it brings on one platform the Secretaries of Government of India and the Chief Secretaries of the States.  However, the direct interaction of the PM with the state secretaries without involving the political executives of the states is undermining the State political executive. It is also said that this is leading to a concentration of power in the extra-constitutional office of PMO.  It is a robust system for bringing e-transparency and e-accountability with real-time presence and exchange among the key stakeholders.  It is an innovative project in e-governance and good governance.

SAMEEP 1. Students and MEA Engagement Programme (SAMEEP) was launched by Ministry of External Affairs as an outreach mission to take Indian foreign policy and its global engagements to students across the country 2. It aims to familiarise students in India about the functioning of the MEA. 3. All the ministry officers are asked to engage students in the schools and colleges in the jobs that the ministry is engaged in. 4. The programme is voluntary and gives officials the option of going back to their alma mater or to any school or college in their hometown. 247

Know India Programme  Know India Programme is a flagship programme of Ministry of External Affairs for engagement with Indian origin youth (between 18-30 years) to enhance their awareness about India, its cultural heritage, art and to familiarise them with various aspects of contemporary India.  Eligibility: Minimum qualification required for participating in KIP is graduation from a recognized University /Institute or enrolled for graduation and ability to speak in English. The applicant should not have visited India through any previous Programme of Government of India. Those who have not visited India before will be given preference.

Shakti Scheme 1. Scheme for Harnessing and Allocating Koyala Transparently in India (SHAKTI) - for auction and allotment of coal linkages, will lead to affordable power and transparency in allocation of coal. 2. The original version of the scheme allowed coal supply only to power generation capacities with long-term and mid-term power purchase agreements (PPAs). 3. According to the new directive, power plants without PPAs can apply for coal linkages, provided electricity generated from this coal is sold through spot power exchanges or through the government‘s ‗DEEP‘ portal. 4. Cabinet also recently approved the most ambitious coal sector reform ever i.e the opening up of commercial coal mining for private sector 5. This will help in creating direct and indirect employment through higher investment and better technology. 6. UTTAM App has been launched for ensuring transparency and efficiency in coal quality monitoring process.

248

45.STATE GOVERNMENT SCHEMES

KALIA Scheme  The Odisha government recently launched the Krushak Assistance for Livelihood and Income Augmentation (KALIA) scheme.  The scheme involves payments to encourage cultivation and associated activities.  The scheme will benefit 92% of the cultivators in the state and include every category from big farmers to landless cultivators.  Recently it is merged scheme with the Centre‘s PM-KISAN.  Since then, the government has reduced the financial assistance to Rs 4,000/annum from Rs 10,000.  The actual cultivators (share croppers) who are landless, will continue to get assistance from Kalia i.e Rs 10,000 annually, since they are not considered under PM-KISAN.  Each family will get Rs 5,000 separately in the kharif and rabi seasons, for five cropping seasons between 2018-19 and 2021-22.  Since the scheme is not linked to the amount of land owned, it will greatly benefit sharecroppers and cultivators, most of whom own little or no land.  They will slao be supported with a unit cost of Rs 12,500 for activities like goat rearing, mushroom cultivation, beekeeping, poultry farming and fishery.  It also includes a life insurance cover of Rs 2 lakh and additional personal accident coverage of the same amount for 57 lakh households.

One Family, One Job Scheme  Sikkim government has launched this scheme which envisions employment to a member of every family which does not have a government job in the state.  Under this scheme, all loan debts in the farming and agriculture sector would be revoked.  At present recruitments are being made for Group C and Group D posts in 12 government departments.

Jalyukt Shivar  It is the flagship programme of the Maharashtra government.  It aims to make 5,000 villages free of water scarcity.  It targets the drought-prone areas by improving water conservation measures to make them more water sustainable.  Dedicated committees were formed to assist in construction of watersheds like farm ponds, cement nullah bunds alongside rejuvenating the existing water bodies in the villages.  More than 11,000 villages where Jalyukta Shivar was introduced are declared drought-free.  The overall agriculture productivity jumped up 30 to 50 per cent from areas where the intervention measures reached.

Rythu Bandhu Scheme  It is an investment support scheme for landholding farming community, being implemented by the State of Telangana.  Every landholding farmer is given a direct benefit of ₹4,000/acre/crop-season as investment support irrespective of the extent of landholding.  Taking a cue from Telangana, Jharkhand and West Bengal governments have already announced similar schemes with a benefit of ₹5,000/acre once a year.

249

 The scheme is facing criticism as it benefits rich landlords rather than tenant farmers and real cultivators, as landholding is a prerequisite for availing the cash support.  Rythu Bima Scheme - It is to provide financial relief and social security to the family members/ dependents, in case of loss of farmer‘s life due to any reason.  Farmers in the age group of 18 to 59 years are eligible for enroll under the scheme.  The surviving family of every insured farmer in the age group of 18 to 59 years is being paid ₹5 lakh claim in the event of the farmer‘s death, irrespective of the cause.  The entire premium is paid by the government to the LIC of India.  Economists are favouring these direct benefit schemes like these over farm loan waivers.

Mission Bhagiratha  It is also a schemedevised by the Government of Telangana to ensure safe and sustainable piped drinking water supply from surface water sources.  It is aimed at providing tap connection to every household, the surface water sources being Krishna and Godavari Basin.  Water will also be provided to Industrial requirements.  There is also a plan to install optical fibre pipelines using the extensive water pipeline network being laid under the mission in an aim to save large amount of funds in installing OFC networks.

Mukhyamantri Yuva Swabhiman Yojana  The scheme was launched by Madhya Pradesh that guarantees 100 days of employment every year to urban youth from economically weaker sections.  Under the new scheme, they will get Rs.4,000 stipend per month during 100 days of period.  During this period, they would be given skill development training, so that they become independent.  The scheme defines Economically weaker sections as those whose family‘s annual income is less than Rs 2 lakh and the scheme is limited to youth in the age group 21-30 years.

Bhavantar Bhugtan Yojana  It is a price deficiency payment (PDP) scheme, also being implemented by the state of Madhya Pradesh.  It assures that farmers at least get the MSP value for their crops.  Subsequently, the farmer is allocated a time slot to bring his produce to the mandi, where the quantity eligible for deficiency pricing is determined.  The farmers receive the difference between ―average sale price‖ (market price) and minimum support price‖ (MSP), directly into their bank accounts.  Problems - Only those farmers registered on its portal gets benefited.Financial burden will be more than 90% of the state‘s total agri-budget, rendering BBY unfeasible.

Suryashakti Kisan Yojana  It is a solar power scheme for farmers recently launched by the government of Gujarat.  It enables farmers to generate electricity for their captive consumption as well as sell the surplus power to the grid and earn an extra income.  This is the first such scheme in the country.  The State and Central governments will give 60% subsidy on the cost of project.

250

Emissions Trading Programme  It was also launched by the Gujarat government.  It is aimed to cut particulate air pollution and facilitate robust economic growth.  The government claims this is the first such programme of its kind and will be a model for the rest of the country and the world.  Under the programme, the government sets a cap on emissions and allows industries to buy and sell permits to stay below the cap.  As the first market-based approach to regulating pollution emissions in India, it is expected to slash air pollution at lower costs for both the government and industry.  Globally, the cap-and-trade system has been used to reduce other forms of emissions such as sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the US.  But the Gujarat programme is the first in the world to regulate particulate air pollution.  According to the Air Quality Life Index (AQLI), the impact of particulate air pollution on life expectancy exceed that of devastating communicable diseases such as TB and HIV/AIDS, cigarette smoking, and even war.  The AQLI, produced by Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago (EPIC), converts particulate air pollution into its impact on life expectancy, and finds that it cuts global life expectancy short by about two years. SAKALA Scheme  The scheme is being implemented in the State of Karnataka to curb corruption in public service delivery in key departments.  More than 725 services are being provided under this mission.  Now, the state government has proposed to launch the version 2 of SAKALA scheme with the existing SAKALA-1 fails to curb corruption.  SAKALA -2 will address shortcomings in the existing Act by including a provision for imposing penalty of Rs. 250 per day for delay in addressing complaints.

“One District One Product‟ Summit  It is a scheme developed by U.P state government to popularise products produced by MSME sector.  Under the scheme, the government has set a goal of providing employment to 25 lakh people in 5 years through the financial assistance of Rs. 25,000 crores.  It aims to improve the skills of local MSME artisans and increasing the reach of their products.

Kanyashree Prakalpa Scheme  It is a scheme of West Bengal  This scheme has received the highest prize in United Nations Public Service Award  West Bengal has been awarded in the Asia-Pacific group for the category: ‘Reaching the Poorest and Most Vulnerable through Inclusive Services and Participation‘.  Aims to improve the lives and the status of the adolescent girls.  The scheme provides financial help to the girls to pursue higher studies. Earlier girls from disadvantaged families were eligible, now income ceiling criteria has been removed.  It also aims to prevent child marriage. Increased educational attainment, prevention of child marriage and financial inclusion are the objectives of the scheme.  Under this scheme, cash transfers have been provided to them as scholarships as long as they continue going to school.

251

 The scheme was launched in October 2013  Targeted Beneficiaries: All girl children within age of 13 to 19 in the state. Girls regularly attending institutions for education or vocational or sports training. Girls of Child Care Institutes registered under Juvenile Justice Act (JJ), 2000 within age of 18-19 years.

252