CASE STUDY | INDIA FROM BRAIN DRAIN TO BRAIN GAIN MIGRATION OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY WORKFORCE IN THE STATE OF KERALA This report was prepared by researchers from Oxford Policy Management (Krishna D. Rao, Aarushi Bhatnagar, Radhika Arora, Swati Srivastava, Udit Ranjan), the Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum (S. Irudaya Rajan, Sunitha Syam), the Health Systems Research India Initiative (Arun Nair, S.J. Sini Thomas), and the WHO Country Office for India (Tomas Zapata). Please address all correspondence to Krishna D. Rao (
[email protected]) and Aarushi Bhatnagar (
[email protected]) © WHO, all rights reserved November 2017 Contents Acknowledgements .......................................................3 6. Discussion ....................................... 29 Abbreviations ...............................................................4 6.1 Production, stock and migration of nurses ....... 29 6.1.1 Production ...................................... 29 Executive summary ........................................................5 6.1.2 Stock .............................................. 30 1. Background ........................................ 7 6.1.3 Migration ........................................ 31 6.2 Factors influencing migration patterns ............ 33 1.1 Kerala state ..................................................9 6.2.1 Endogenous push and pull factors ....... 33 1.2 Migration of health workers........................... 10 6.2.2 Exogenous push and pull factors .........34 2. Objectives .......................................