GLYPHS The Monthly Newsletter of the Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society An Affiliate of the Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona Founded in 1916
Vol. 61, No. 04 Tucson, Arizona October 2010
HIGHLIGHTS OF THIS ISSUE President’s Message ...... 2 Cerros de Trincheras in the Hohokam World: A Case Study of the Cerro Prieto Site, Matthew Pailes ...... 4 Accomplishments of the Pima County Historic Preservation Bond Program, Roger Anyon and Linda Mayro ...... 5 The Cornerstone ...... 8
Cerros de Trincheras
Next General Meeting: October 18, 2010
PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE AAHS LECTURE SERIES All meetings are held at the University Medical Center, Duval Auditorium e are in the prelimi- presentation, “Two Views on Zuni Third Monday of the month, 7:30–9:00 p.m. nary stages of plan- Migration: Traditional History and W Oct. 18, 2010: Matt Pailes, Cerros de Trincheras in the Hohokam World: A ning for a holiday type of Archaeology” in the CESL Audito- Case Study of the Cerro Prieto Site evening for our December rium, followed by a cash bar, appe- meeting. While Duval Audi- tizers, and a silent auction at the Nov. 15, 2010: Henry Wallace, New Clues, New Research, and New Photos of torium is excellent for our normal museum. As this project moves the Oldest Art in Western North America monthly meetings, it is not conducive along, some of you may be asked to Dec. 20, 2010: T. J. Ferguson, Two Views on Zuni Migration: Traditional for socializing and getting to better help make this festive activity a suc- History and Archaeology know our fellow AAHS members. cess. Tentative plans are to hold the For those of you who have not December 20 meeting at the Arizona been to our new website, I urge you State Museum. The evening would to do so: www.az-arch-and-hist.org. AAHS LIBRARY BENEFIT BOOK SALE begin with speaker T. J. Ferguson’s —Don Burgess, President Saturday, October 30, 2010; 9:00 a.m.–4:00 p.m. [AAHS members admitted at 8:00 a.m.] he Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society is pleased to announce Tits next used book sale. This very popular USED book sale is hosted by the UPCOMING AAHS FIELD TRIPS Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society to benefit the Arizona State AAHS membership is required to participate in field trips. Prospective Museum library. Books start at $1.00; journals as low as $0.25. Huge selec- members may attend one AAHS field trip prior to joining. tions in anthropology, with emphasis on the southwestern United States and Mexico; non-academic materials, too! [Admission is free; Arizona State Mu- October 16, 2010 seum lobby] Ft. Bowie National Monument: The Apache Wars and Butterfield Trail Ranger-lead tour of historic Fort Bowie, a nineteenth century U.S. Army outpost located near Apache Pass east of Tucson, and an introduction to the Butterfield Stage route. Three-mile round-trip, moderate hike, with interpre- ARIZONA ARCHAEOLOGICAL COUNCIL tive stops along the way. Wear good hiking shoes; bring lunch and water. ANNUAL FALL CONFERENCE Carpool from the northwest corner of Houghton Road at I-10 at 8:00 a.m. October 29–30, 2010 Limit 20. To reserve a space, contact Ken Fleshman at 520.648.5473 or Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona
Speaker Matthew Pailes received his Bachelor’s degree in anthropology from the Univer- AAHS HAPPENINGS sity of Oklahoma in 2005, and his Master’s degree from the University of Arizona in 2008. Presently, he is pursuing his Ph.D., also at the University of Arizona. Over the last four OPIC OF THE CTOBER ENERAL EETING T O 18 G M years, Matthew has worked on contract and other archaeology projects across southern Arizona and northern Mexico. He is currently conducting research that explores the deci- sions related to Hohokam cultivation techniques and subsistence strategies in the southern Cerros de Trincheras in the Hohokam World: Tucson Basin. For his Ph.D. dissertation, Matthew hopes to explore the social organization of A Case Study of the Cerro Prieto Site prehistoric groups in northeastern Sonora. by Matthew Pailes
n the Tucson Basin, the Hohokam agricultural pursuits. A group of I early Classic period (circa A.D. ritual specialists is also inferred from 1150) is characterized by large-scale architecture on the summit and from Accomplishments of the Pima County Historic population movements and the ap- habitation areas. In contrast to both Preservation Bond Program pearance of specialized site types, in- cerros de trincheras of northern Mexico by Roger Anyon and Linda Mayro cluding platform mound settlements and platform mound settlements, Pima County Office of Cultural Resources and Historic Preservation and cerros de trincheras. this group included a sizable portion Platform mounds are common of the population. There is no evi- ima County is close to complet- and an art gallery. The rehabilitated throughout the Hohokam region dur- dence for a singular leader or para- Ping the historic preservation Robles Ranch at Three Points is now ing the Classic period. Cerros de mount household at Cerro Prieto. A bond projects authorized at the bal- a community center. Ajo Curley trincheras are large villages con- lack of centralized control and lead- lot box by Pima County voters in 1997 School, in far western Pima County, structed on low volcanic hills that ership may partly explain why cerros and 2004. The combined bond pro- now houses studio apartments used appear periodically throughout the de trincheras did not endure in the Ho- gram was a little over $29 million. To by local artists, and the rehabilitated Greater Southwest from the Late Ar- hokam region while platform mound supplement these funds, an addi- Ajo Train Depot will house tourism chaic to the Protohistoric period. settlements became the standard for tional $4.8 million in grants and and non-profit groups. In the Hohokam region, cerros de large sites of the late Classic period. other funding was secured, bringing At Binghampton, along the Rillito trincheras are present only in the Tuc- the total funding to about $33.8 mil- River, rehabilitated structures serve son Basin and the Papagueria. This lion. The bond projects fall into three as a visitor center, educational facili- talk will present interpretations re- Suggested Reading: major categories: the rehabilitation ties, and offices for Native Seed sulting from recent survey work at the and adaptive use of historic struc- Search. The 1930s Civilian Conser- cerros de trincheras site of Cerro Prieto. Downum, C. E. tures, the purchase of major archaeo- vation Corps visitor center at Colos- 2007 Cerros de Trincheras in Southern logical sites for conservation, and the sal Cave near Vail is now rehabili- Sites such as Cerro Prieto likely Arizona: Review and Current Sta- represent the importation of a hill-top tus of the Debate. In Trincheras Sites development of the Juan Bautista de tated and structurally sound. The centered ideology from northern in Time, Space and Society, edited by Anza National Historic Trail. historic Dunbar School will soon be Mexico. Further, sites like these pro- S. K. Fish, P. R. Fish, and M. E. A diversity of historic structures, used for community purposes. The Villalpando. University of Arizona most of which are listed in the Na- San Pedro Chapel, near Fort Lowell, vided an alternative to the predomi- Press, Tucson. nantly platform mound-centered ide- tional Register of Historic Places, has had structural repairs and a new Downum, C. E., J. E. Douglas, and D. B. ology of the early Classic period. Craig have been purchased and/or reha- storage facility has been built. At Architectural patterns at Cerro 1993 The Cerro Prieto Site. In Between bilitated. At Agua Caliente Ranch, the Canoa Ranch in Green Valley and Prieto suggest a relatively egalitarian Desert and River: Hohokam Settlement main ranch house and other rehabili- Empirita Ranch along Cienega social structure. Most differences be- and Land Use in the Los Robles Com- tated structures are now used as a Creek, the focus is on providing ac- munity, edited by C. E. Downum. tween Cerro Prieto residents are likely University of Arizona Press, Tuc- visitor center, offices, an Audubon attributable to variable success in son. Society bookstore, meeting spaces, (continued on page 6) Page 6 Glyphs: The Monthly Newsletter of ...... The Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society Page 7
(continued from page 5) been preserved through purchase. In ment plan will guide long-term moni- ing Anza’s Llano Grande campsite, each case, the ballcourt and the core toring of the conditions of the prop- in Marana near the junction of commodations for caretakers and areas of the sites are now protected erties and any corrective actions that Coachline and Silverbell roads at Los stabilizing structures in danger of for conservation purposes. At Honey may be needed to prevent any further Morteros commemorating Anza’s collapse, so the public can use them Bee Village, the 13-acre site core was deterioration of the resources. Puerto del Azotado campsite, and in the future. donated by the landowner, in return A master plan has been completed along the Santa Cruz River north of Similarly at the Performing Arts for which the county funded ar- for the Anza Trail through Pima Marana commemorating Anza’s Oit Center in downtown Tucson, foun- chaeological excavations in the non- County, an approximately 70-mile Pars campsite. dation and other structural repairs core portion of the site. This has re- section of the trail that follows the Interpretive signage is included at have been completed. Preservation of sulted in preservation of the intact western bank of the Santa Cruz River. the trailheads and along the trail, historic structures at Fort Lowell in site core and the preservation of a A newly constructed trailhead acces- such as at the base of Sentinel Peak Tucson and Steam Pump Ranch in vast amount of scientific data from sible off Elephant Head Road at the along the Santa Rruz River Park, Oro Valley is currently limited to sta- the non-core portion of the site. Santa Cruz River provides access to which serves as the Anza Trail bilization and prevention of their fur- The purchase of the 839-acre Old a five-mile segment of constructed through the City of Tucson. A local ther deterioration. Master plans de- Hayhook Ranch in the western Al- trail through the county’s Canoa auto route has been marked with tailing the long-term adaptive reuse tar Valley includes part of the Coy- Ranch property. North of the Canoa signage, essentially following Mis- of properties have been prepared for ote Mountains Classic Hohokam Ranch the trail is marked for several sion and Silverbell roads. Fort Lowell, Canoa Ranch, and Steam complex, as well as many other ar- more miles to another newly con- Historic preservation has benefit- Pump Ranch. chaeological sites. Purchase of the structed trailhead on Abrego Drive ted greatly from the support of Pima On any property not owned by Adkins Steel parcel at Fort Lowell just south of Continental Road in County voters, and the historic pres- Pima County, the county retains a protects the remaining nineteenth Green Valley. A third new con- ervation bond program serves as a Preservation Easement to ensure that century Officers Quarters. The his- structed trailhead, commemorating successful model to communities the historic character and integrity of toric Pantano Townsite in the Anza’s Tuquison campsite, is located around the country. A visual presen- the historic buildings remains intact. Cienega Creek Preserve is also now within Columbus Park off Silverbell tation of the projects can be found at: Archaeological acquisitions in- conserved through purchase. Road south of Camino del Cerro. www.pima.gov/cultural/ clude both prehistoric and historic Protective perimeter boundary Future trailhead construction is BondProjects/HistoricPres/ sites. The first purchase was Mission fencing is being installed at some planned in Sahuarita commemorat- HistoricPres_sm.pdf. Gardens associated with the San properties where warranted. At some Agustin chapel and convento on the locations, non-intrusive interpretive western bank of the Santa Cruz River signage will be added. The county is USED BOOK SALE at the base of Sentinel Peak, to be in- conducting mapping projects on the Saturday, December 4, 2010; 10:00 a.m.–2:00 p.m cluded in Tucson Origins Heritage archaeological acquisitions—Coyote Center for Desert Archaeology, 300 N. Ash Alley Park. Perhaps the most publically Mountains, Dakota Wash, Fort The Center for Desert Archaeology is pleased to announce a used book visible purchase was the parcel Lowell, Los Morteros, Honey Bee Vil- sale: selections in archaeology, anthropology, nature, and outdoors. within the Tumamoc Hill National lage, Pantano Townsite, Tumamoc, Historic Landmark, which preserved and the Valencia site—to accurately this acreage from potential residen- depict, on GIS layers, all previous ar- ARTICLE SUBMISSIONS FOR GLYPHS: If you have research or a field tial development. chaeological work, as well as the cur- project that would be interesting to Glyphs readers, please consider contrib- Los Morteros in Marana, Dakota rent surface and topographic condi- uting an article. Requirements are a maximum of 1,000 words, or 750 words Wash and Valencia in Tucson, and tions of each property. A manage- and one illustration, or 500 words and two illustrations. Please send elec- Honey Bee Village in Oro Valley are ment plan is being prepared. The tronic submissions to
THE CORNERSTONE sion by promoting ethical and pro- When and why did nationwide ac- fessional practices, recognizing excel- creditation come about? Arizona State Museum Receives National Reaccreditation lence, and serving as the field’s pri- The program started in 1971 in re- Darlene Lizarraga, Arizona State Museum mary vehicle for quality assurance sponse to a need among the profes- and self-regulation. Museums benefit sion to recognize museums’ commit- —Reprinted by permission, Lo Que Pasa, Uni- ums, as well as aquariums, zoos, bo- from both the status and the process ment to excellence, accountability, versity of Arizona. tanical gardens, arboretums, historic of accreditation. The process pro- high professional standards and con- nside the Arizona State Museum sites, and science and technology vides: tinued institutional improvement. Ion the University of Arizona cam- centers. National recognition of a Plans for museum accreditation be- pus, ancient pots, colorful blankets, museum’s commitment to excel- gan in earnest in 1967 when Presi- intricate paintings and other artifacts Why are they in charge of museum lence and the highest profes- dent Lyndon B. Johnson asked the offer a glimpse into the history and accreditation? sional standards of museum op- U.S. Federal Council on the Arts and cultures of Arizona, the American AAM accreditation is a widely rec- erations. Humanities to conduct a study of the Southwest and Northern Mexico. ognized means of national recogni- A positive public image and vali- status of American museums and rec- An affiliate of the Smithsonian In- tion for museums, regardless of their dation. ommend ways to support and stitution and home to the world’s size or location. As the main organi- Increased credibility with fund- strengthen them. The council enlisted largest collection of Southwest Indian zation representing museums, AAM ing agencies and donors. AAM’s assistance and in 1968 the pottery, the museum, established in helps the museum profession to self- A clearer sense of purpose and association established a committee 1893, is also the oldest and largest regulate by reviewing and assessing understanding of a museum’s to study the idea of an accreditation anthropology museum in the South- museums through the accreditation strengths, goals, priorities and program. In June 1971, 16 museums west region. and subsequent review process to mission. became the first institutions to be The museum recently earned re- ensure the highest standards. It is a A valuable tool in lobbying local granted accreditation by AAM. There newed recognition of its commitment peer review system. and state governments. are 779 accredited museums in the to excellence and professional stan- Accreditation is a rigorous and Improved relationships with U.S. today. dards of operation when it achieved challenging, yet rewarding, process. other museums resulting in more reaccreditation by the American As- It requires not only an ongoing com- loans and traveling exhibitions. How long has ASM been accred- sociation of Museums. Accreditation mitment to change, but a significant A fostering of sustained organi- ited? is good for 15 years. investment of time and resources from zational development and im- ASM has been accredited since Mackenzie Massman, ASM associ- all departments and levels of the provement. 1976. ate director for operations and visitor institution’s staff and leadership. Increased level of professional- services, whose assignment it was to The nine-member accreditation com- ism. Has ASM ever been denied accredi- shepherd the museum through the mission is an independent and au- tation? process, gives insight into the rigor- tonomous body that is responsible for What happens if you don’t get ac- No. ous performance appraisal. the ongoing administration of the creditation? AAM’s accreditation program and Nothing exactly. However, some When did you begin preparing for What is the American Association of for rendering all decisions regarding museums and funding agencies will reaccreditation? Museums? accredited status. only provide object loans or funds to Preparations for the 2010 accredi- The American Association of Mu- accredited institutions. The accredi- tation review began in 2006. The self- seums is the only organization repre- Why is accreditation important? tation program has an overall success study was submitted in 2009 and the senting the entire scope of museums Accreditation, and subsequent re- rate of 97 percent. About 2 percent are peer review site visit occurred in including art, history, science, mili- views, strengthens individual muse- denied outright and 1 percent are tary and maritime, and youth muse- ums and the entire museum profes- unsuccessful after being tabled. (continued on page 10) Page 10 Glyphs: The Monthly Newsletter of ...... The Arizona Archaeological and Historical Society Page 11
(continued from page 9) for other museums working toward AAHS MEMBERSHIP/SUBSCRIPTION APPLICATION accreditation. (A membership subscription makes a great gift for your loved ones!) March 2010. All members receive discounts on Society workshops and classes. What does this mean for the public? Monthly meetings are held the third Monday of each month except August, and are free and open to the public. Participation in field trips requires membership. How many people were involved? It is similar to the Good House- The process involved the input and keeping Seal of Approval for muse- Categories of Membership efforts of the entire staff, volunteers ums; the public can be sure that an and museum members. The self- accredited museum will behave in a $50 Kiva members receive 4 issues of Kiva, 12 issues of Glyphs, and all current benefits study included information from ev- professional and ethical manner and $40 Glyphs members receive Glyphs ery division within ASM and re- follow the best possible practices for $35 Student Kiva members receive both Glyphs and Kiva sulted in four full binders of materi- caring for artifacts held in public trust $75 Contributors receive Glyphs, Kiva, and all current benefits als submitted to AAM for consider- to be studied and appreciated for gen- $120 Supporters receive Glyphs, Kiva, and all current benefits $300 Sponsors receive Glyphs, Kiva, and all current benefits ation. erations. $1,000 Lifetime members receive Glyphs, Kiva, and all current benefits For memberships outside the U.S., please add $20.00. What was the hardest part? What does this mean to the museum For institutional membership, contact AltaMira Press at
Tucson, Arizona Permit No. 1161
The objectives of the Arizona Archaeo- logical and Historical Society are to encourage scholarly pursuits in areas of history and anthropology of the southwestern United States and north- ern Mexico; to encourage the preser- vation of archaeological and histori- cal sites; to encourage the scientific and legal gathering of cultural infor- mation and materials; to publish the results of archaeological, historical, and ethnographic investigations; to aid in the functions and programs of the Arizona State Museum, Univer- sity of Arizona; and to provide edu- cational opportunities through lec- tures, field trips, and other activities. See inside back cover for information about the Society’s programs and membership and subscription re- quirements.