:-/ / : Australia A S0.72 New Zealand: NZ U.K,: 39p U.S.A,: $0.78 :,.ilti # Yang Liankang, who surveyed the entire Huanghe (Yellow) River on foot (see story inside). I f \f/ I{' (MME. SUN YAT-SENI (18e3-1e8rr. PUBL|SHED MONTHLY By THE CHTNA , SPANISH, FRENCH, ARABIC, GERMAN, PORTUGUESE AND CHINESE Articles of the Month voL. xxxt No. 10 ocToBER 1e82 A Messoge to Chiong Ching-kuo p.6 Lioo Clrengzhi, son ol o founder of the Kuomintong CONTENTS ond childhood friend of the current heod ol the Toiwon odm , hos personolly to bury the nitiote the third Politics belween the st ond KMT porti For China's Reunification-A New Step Taken 6 bring obout ceful . reunificotio On War, Peace and Nuclear Weapons 19 Quotes from Lioo's ietter; responses from home ond China's Stand on Disarmament 20 obrood. Heolth He Surveyed the Yellow Health Care Network Serves the People 31 River on Foot p. 8 Culture/Educotion Minority Drums and Dances A scientist's personol survey 4 o, the entire. length ol The Children's Own Newspaper 66 Learning the Huonghe yields proposols English -A Popular Spare-Time Activity 49 which chollenge previously Radio Peking Celebrates 35th Birthday 54 held ideos. Society/Economy Gezhoubo Project Second Stoge p, 12 China's Census: Accurate to 0.2 Percent Zg - China Exports More Machinery 49 Chino's biggest key woter Transportalion: Some Facts and Figures 40 .:'*ii','n":,ffi ff: .fl:fl EnYironmentol Protection ",i:: Making China Green 24 Chino's Viewr on Wor ond Peoce p. 19 Woter ond Power He Surveyed the Yellow River on Foot I Bingnon, president ol The Gezhouba Dam Project Wong Stage Two 12 Chinese People's Associo' Li Yizhi - the - Pioneer in Taming China,s Rivers 62 tion lor Friendship with Foreign Art Countries, outlines Chino's Ye bosic -positions on wor ond Qianyu Noted Figure Painter 33 ond 'Neighbors'-A- problem peoce, nucleor weopons Film on the Housing 22 disormoment. National Photography Exhibition 56 a t Across the Lond v A Trip to Liaoning Province 52 it & Bright Future for 'Hundred-Day Bed' 46 Pointer Ye Qionyu p. 3i:l 6 { Sports The work of on outstonding con- Sports Briefs: lnternational lnvitational Tournaments 64 temporory ortist known for his figure pointings. Columns ond Speciols To Our Readers: Milestone 33 2 Postbag 3 Cartoons 5'l Chinese Mochinery in the Chinese Cookery: Cantonese 'Cha Shao' Roast pork 39 World Morket p.49 Legends and Tales from History: The Return of the Jade 69 Language Corner: Lesson 22 lncreosed technologicol pro- Learning Chinese ond 70 duction sophisticotion brings Front Cover: greoter quontity, quolity ond voriety into Fascination (Photo prize-winner, see page ol exports snd on entry story on 56). Europeon ond Noilh Americon Sun Zhichang morkets. Editoriol Officer Woi Wen Building, Beijing (37), Chino Chino Reconstructs (USPS No. 659-850) is published monthly for US$6.00 per yeor Coble: "CHIRECON" Beijing. by Chino Reconstructs, Woi Wen Building, Beijing (37), Chino Second closs postoge Generol Distributor: Chino Publicotions Center poid ot Son Froncisco, CA. (Guoji Shudion) Postmostei: send oddress chonges to Chino Books ond Periodicols, lnc,, 2929 24th P.O. Box 399. Beijing, Chino. Slreet, Son Froncisco, CA 94110. TO OUR READERS . in modern development, and with a population that Mflestone 33 has almost doubled, has been able to do so much so quickly, and almost entirely by its own efforts, is truly remarkable. Only under a socialist system could rflHIS month marks the 33rd anniversary of the it have been done. -a People's Republic of China - a good time to look (JF course the country is still far from rich. And back, and forward. \-/ there have been serious errors, without which To understand the new China one must never economic progress might have been greater, living forget the old society that existed before 1949. No- standards higher, culture and education more ad- body who did not see it can truly picture its evils: vanced, socialist democracy and'legality more firmly the famines that periodically killed millions; the grounded. hundre.ds of beggars dying daily in city streets; The setbacks and abuses, particularly during the the wives and children sold so that the rest of the "cultural revolution," were not, however, as some family might survive; the corruption, brutality and current writings abroad allege, an "inevitable" result injustice of decaying feudalism; the humiliation, in- of socialism. Essentially, they were aberrations caused vasion and oppression by foreign powers; the de- by backward ideas and behavior left over from vastating stri-te between aiien-backed warlord 2,000 years of feudalism combined with inexperience armles. in new circumstances (which led, among other things, One must also never forget the long, heroic to some extreme impetuousity and "ultra-Leftism',). struggles and sacrifices by which the Chinese people Undoubtedly, they have done damage to the socialist won their national and social emancipation from the cause and the Communist Party itself. shackles of that old society. But it is socialism and the Communist Party's Led by the Comrnunist Party, the people have leadership that make it possibie to repair the damage by their own efforts brought the country an immense and make new advances. China is still far from distance forward in these three decades. Formerly perfect (what country is?). But she is stili further anyone's prey, China has become independent and from the dark and pessimistic picture of her painted equal among the nations. Formerly, her backward in recent books by a few foreign correspondents. economy could not begin to support her 450 million or Some of their facts are erroneous, or hand-picked for so people. Now her agriculture feeds a billion. their chosen arguments. In general, such writers Formerly, her resources for industry were virtually focus on a small part of the picture and proclaim it untapped except for some primary processing, mainly as the whole, Iike the fabled blind men who examined of a semi-colonial type, with the profits flowing large- an elephant and concluded respectively that it iy into foreign pockets. Now she has a comprehensive resembled a -rope, tree-trunk, wall, or snake de- industrial base, publicly owned and planned. Between pending on whether they touched its tail, leg,- side 1952 and the present, the total value of China's in- or trunk. dustrial and agricultural output has grown on average Missing from their picture is the mainstream of more than 10 percent annually (with ups and downs development, the deep changes of the past six years in individual years). Factory-made goods range (and particularly the last three) touching every area from cpnsuiner items to automobiles, tractors and of Chinese life. The economy has become more res- space satellites, from petrochemical products to com- ponsive and active, income and living standards are puters - though still in limited quantity and with a rising, consumer goods are more available. Govern- lot of unevenness geographically and techaqlogically. mental structure is being streamlined. Cultural life Electricity is now seen even in very remote vil- is active. Legality is stronger, socialist democracy is lages where even candles or oil lamps used to be too advancing. The press is no Ionger over-sloganizing big a luxury for most pmple. Constantly spreading or reporting only triumphs but discussing problems is the infrastructure of roads, railways, ports, tele- and criticizing defects. Crimes, corruption and abuse communication, and hydro-projects to irrigate, pre- of public trust are exposed and punished by Iaw. vent floods and provide power. THERE are still bottlenecks and difficulties. The A LONG with better food and shelter, a far-reach- r main point is that the direction is forward and r I. inB medical network, with services free or at very that so much has been achieve'd, especially consider- low cost, has'page almost doubled life expectancy (see ing the complexity and scale of the task China has article on 31). Beijing's TB mortality rate, undertaken,- the building of a modern socialist to cite only one instance of victory over disease, has civilization, materially and ethically, out of an old dropped since 1949 from 230 to 10 per 100,000 popula- society which had both a strong ancient culture and tion. Educational levels have improved dramatically. horrendous problems. Rapid economic and social developments are not The road China travels is not always straight or unique in the modern world. But that a third world painless, but it leads upward, and this magazine looks country, so vast and wltn so recent a starting point forward to chronicling the journey. ! CIIINA BECONSTRUC,TS spread ideological propaganda, but re- reduced to trivialities. China did not ports objectively on China's geography reconstruct without an ideology, so in- and achievements in the cultural and troduce a bit more of the ideology that economic fields. has made China what it is now, and Since the downfall of the "gang of your magazine will be "super.r' four," China has opened its door much AMIDU IBRAHIM TANKO wider to other countries, inc'luding Legon, Ghana Thanks for a Life Saved those in Western Europe. I hope she policy. Our American tour grouP consisted will continue with this Only understanding of and Comprehensive Cross-Section of 25 people, with myself as tour leader through mutual other's thoughts and and my wife as escort' On the morning respdct for each feelings and achievements can the I think that the April 1982 edition is of May 5 in Zhengzhou, two members excellent, as good as anybody could of our grouP, Milton and Louise Mann, world's pqoples feel close to each other.