P A K I S T A N Multan (Rural) Multan District is located in the southern part of the province Punjab. Multan District has a population of over 3.8 million—according to 1998 census—and the city itself is the sixth largest in Pakistan. It is situated on the east bank of the Chenab River, more or less in the geographic centre of the country and about 966 km (600 miles) from Karachi. Multan is an ancient city, known for its Sufi heritage. It is a rich agricultural and industrial centre, connected with industrial hubs of the country. It is famous for its handicrafts (carpets & ceramics) and cottage industries. It has over 3357 industrial units, as well as being a famous cotton and mango producing district of Pakistan.

The overall literacy rate of Multan district is 43.4% and it is ranked 16th out of 34 districts of Punjab in terms of literacy rates. (PSLMs 2006-07)

There are 1,668 Public schools in District Multan. Out of which, 1,281 are Primary schools, 195 middle schools, 144 are High schools and 48 are Higher. Sec/ Inter Colleges/ Degree Colleges (XIII- XIV)/ Technical & Vocational Institutions/Deeni Madaris. (NEC. 2005)

MAP Of Multan

Report - ASER Pakistan 2008 69 P A K I S T A N Survey Findings: Information on 1430 children aged 3- 16 years was collected by ASER survey in Multan. Our sample consists of 58.8 % male and 41.2% female children.

Mothers’ information Information on 610 mothers was collected, 13.4% were literate, whereas 86.6% were illiterate.

School Profile of 3-16 Years Age Group Children • The overall enrollment rate is 87% of all the children (1430) in 3-16 years age group, with less than 1% children in Pre School going age group 3-6 years (12). Enrollment rate is 91% for 5-16 years age group children (1333).

Out of School Children Out of 1430 children surveyed, over 13% children are out of school (188) in age group 3-16 years. • 11% of all the children are never enrolled in any type of schools. • Nearly 2% of all the children (1430) are drop outs. • 49% of out of school children (188) are females. • 67 % of never enrolled in schools children (163) are females.

Educational Profile of 3-16 years of age Children by Schools Type Children in different types of Schools (%) Out of School (%) Age Total Group Pre- Never School Government Private Madrassah Others Drop-out Enrolled 3-4 5 7 12 4 3 0 68 100 5-9 1 45 28 5 5 1 14 100 10-12 0 65 25 5 2 2 1 100 13-14 0 68 21 3 0 4 3 100 15-16 0 68 23 2 0 4 3 100 03-16 0.8 54 24.6 4.5 2.9 1.7 11.4 100 86.9 13.1 100 63 28.6 5.3 3.3

School Going children 5-16 years age group • The total numbers of school going children in the age group 5-16 are 1211. • Out of 1211 school going children (5-16years), more than 63% children are enrolled in government schools over 28% children are enrolled in private schools, over 5% children are enrolled in Madaris and remaining about 3 % are enrolled in other types of schools.

Enrollment (%) in Govt. and Private Schools by gender Out of School Children by gender

Boys and girls in Government and Private Schools(%) 100% 65% 53% 35% 47% 50%

0% Boys Girls Boys Girls

Government Schools Private Schools

Report - ASER Pakistan 2008 70 P A K I S T A N Learning • 35% of all the children in the age group 5-16 years cannot read paragraph (Level-I) and 38% of all the children cannot solve 2 digits Subtraction (level-I). • 55% of all the children in the age group 5-16 years cannot read Story text (level-II) where as about 59% of all the children in the age 5-16 years cannot solve division problems (level-II).

Learning Levels by age group Who cannot read para (%) Who cannot solve numeric problem (%) Age Para Story Subtraction Division (level-I) (level-II) (level-I) (level-II) 5-9 61 86 64 88 10-12 20 39 23 46 13-14 14 24 10 27 15-16 6 13 11 22 5-16 35 55 38 59

Learning Ability of Age Group 5-9 Years: • 61% children cannot read para or level-I text and 64% children cannot do subtraction question (arithmetic level-I). • 86% of children in this age group cannot read story text level-II and about 88% children in this age group were unable to solve division (level-II).

Learning Ability of Age Group 10-12 Years: • Almost 20% children cannot read para (level -1) and 23% children cannot solve 2 digits. subtraction questions (arithmetic level-I). • 39% of children in this age group cannot read story text level-II and about 46% children in this age group were unable to solve division (level-II).

Learning Ability of Age Group 13-14 Years: • Almost 14% children cannot read para or level-I text and 10% children cannot solve subtraction questions (arithmetic level-I). • 24% of children in this age group cannot read story text level-II and 27% children cannot solve division (level-II).

Learning Ability of Age Group 15-16 Years: • Almost 6% children cannot read para or level-I text and 11% children cannot solve subtraction questions (arithmetic level-I). • 13% of children in this age group cannot read story text (level-II) and 22% children cannot solve division (level-II).

Report - ASER Pakistan 2008 71 P A K I S T A N Learning – Class / Grade Wise Reading: Learning Levels by Class/Grade Beginning / Letter Word Para Story Total Class Nothing (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) 1 23.3 41.1 22.1 12.3 1.2 100 2 7.0 15.2 29.7 41.8 6.3 100 3 3.8 11.9 18.1 34.4 31.9 100 4 0.6 5.6 11.7 35.8 46.3 100 5 0.7 3.5 7.6 17.4 70.8 100 6 0.0 1.4 5.7 7.8 85.1 100 7 0.0 0.0 7.5 10.0 82.5 100 8 0.0 0.0 2.9 8.7 88.3 100

Arithmetic: Learning Levels by Class/Grade

Beginning / Numbers Numbers Subtraction Class Division (%) Total (%) Nothing (%) 1-9 (%) 11-99 (%) (%) 1 26.4 31.3 34.4 7.4 0.6 100 2 7.0 17.7 33.5 38.0 3.8 100 3 6.9 7.5 21.9 40.0 23.8 100 4 1.9 5.6 16.0 32.1 44.4 100 5 1.4 2.8 10.4 22.9 62.5 100 6 0.7 0.7 7.8 14.9 75.9 100 7 1.3 0.0 2.5 16.3 80.0 100 8 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.6 85.4 100

Learning levels by age group

% of Children who can read % of Children who can do Subtraction 94% 100% 90% 89% Division 86% 87% 100% 80% 77% 78% 80% 76% 73% 65% 80% 61% 54% 62% 60% 45% Para 60% 39% 36% 41% 40% 40% Story 12% 20% 14% 20% 0% 0% 5-09 10-12 13-14 15-16 5-16 5-09 10-12 13-14 15-16 5-16

School Functioning Teachers and children: • A total of 30 schools were visited, out of which, o 18 schools are primary level with classes Katchi to 5. o 8 Schools are elementary level with classes Katchi to 8 o 4 schools are others level with classes 1-10

• Out of 30 schools16 schools are boys schools, 6 schools are girls' schools and 8 schools are mixed (boys & girls/co education).

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P A K I S T A N Teachers’ Attendance • Over all 74% of all the teachers were found to be attending on the day of visit in sampled schools. Teacher attendance patterns indicate that 76% teachers in primary schools were present on the day of visit, where as 67% and 80% teachers were present in Elementary and other levels of schools respectively. Schools with Students' Attendance Std 1-5 Std 1-8 Others • Over all 79 % of all the children Children Attendance (%) 79% 74% 88% were found to be present on the day of visit in sampled schools. • Children's atte ndance patterns Teachers Attendance (%) 76% 80% 67% indicate that 79% and 80% of enrolled children were present on the Pupil Teacher Ratio - PTR 32 35 23 day of visit in primary schools and elementary schools respectively. About 88% children were present in other levels of schools on the day of visit, indicating highest attendance amongst all schools.

School Facilities - Provision and Use: • Out of 30 schools visited, only in 73% schools water facility (hand pump or water tap) is working, the remaining 27% schools either do not have the facility or it was not in working order. • 57% of all the schools visited, had toilet facilities, where as 43% schools either do not have toilet facility or it was not in working order.

Missing Facilities • 78% Primary schools had water facility in working order where as 22% primary schools either do not have water facility or it was not working. • 61% Primary schools had toilet facility in working order where as 39% schools either do not have toilet facility or it was not working. • 50% Elementary schools had the water facility in working order where as remaining 50% schools either do not have water facility or it was not working. • 50% Elementary schools had the water facility in working order where as 50% schools either do not have toilet facility or it was not working. • All other levels of schools had the water facilities in working conditions • 50% other levels of school's had toilet facility whereas remaining 50% schools either do not have toilet facility or it is not working.

Schools Facilities Schools Facilities Schools with Std 1-5 Std 1-8 Others Number of Schools Visited 18 8 4 Average No. of Rooms Available for Classes 5 8 16 Average No. of Rooms Used for Classes 4 8 13 Children Per Class Rooms 30 33 20 Water Facility (working) % 78% 50% 100% Toilet Facility (working) % 61% 50% 50%

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P A K I S T A N Facilities: Provision and use

Pupil Teacher Ratio (PTR) Rooms Availability & Use

PTR Average Rooms Availabilty and use 16 16 14 13 Avaliabilty 12 use 10 8 8 8

6 5 4 4 2 0 Primary Elemenat ry o t hers School

Toilet Facility Water Facility Working Not working/Not Available Working Not working/Not Available 70% 61% 120% 100% 60% 50% 50% 50% 100% 50% 50% 78% 39% 80% 40% 60% 50% 30% 50% 40% 20% 22% 10% 20% 0% 0% 0% Primary Element ary o t hers Primary Element ary o t hers

Scho o l Scho o l

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