DOCSLIB.ORG

NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Decolonizing Nation-States in Latin/X America: Twenty First Century Postcolonial Constitutionalism and T

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Decolonizing Nation-States in Latin/X America: Twenty First Century Postcolonial Constitutionalism and T NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY Decolonizing Nation-States in Latin/x America: Twenty First Century Postcolonial Constitutionalism and the Paradoxes of (Trans)nationalism, 1989-2014 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Field of Sociology By Ricardo Sánchez Cárdenas EVANSTON, ILLINOIS June 2017 2 © Copyright Ricardo Sánchez Cárdenas 2017 All Rights Reserved 3 ABSTRACT Decolonizing Nation-States in Latin/x America: Twenty First Century Postcolonial Constitutionalism and the Paradoxes of (Trans)nationalism, 1989-2014 Ricardo Sánchez Cárdenas This dissertation explores the renewed historical significance of the (geo)political1 demand to redraft national constitutions in the Americas. Building on previous2 work, my dissertation constructs a transnational lens to underline the intersectionality of the social struggles that catalyzed the Venezuelan Constituent Assembly process begun in 1999 and the Ecuadorian experience during 2007-2008: the first and the last processes behind what has been studied under the rubric of Latin American “neoconstitutionalism,” which I argue must be analyzed in relation to a broader postcolonial genealogy of constitution-making and grassroots organization. My historical-comparative approach points to the dual objective of documenting the contentious (geo)politics surrounding the last Venezuelan and Ecuadorian constituent assembly experiences (their origins and aftermath) while deconstructing (mis)representations of contemporary Latin/x American politics. By dismissing these experiences as simple power grab mechanisms of charismatic or populist caudillos, some accounts of contemporary (geo)politics in 1 I often use prefixes in parenthesis before a word to suggest a conceptual ambivalence that ought to be further investigated and theorized. In this case, (geo)politics intends to underline the challenge to take a transnational perspective in political analysis, not merely in the militaristic fashion that we traditionally understand geopolitics but rather underlining the need to understand simultaneously a series of social struggles and power structures. 2 Previously I have compared the Brazilian experience in 1989 during the democratic transition from military rule to the Venezuelan Constituent Assembly of 1998 which denounced neoliberalism as an obstacle to endogenous development and participatory democratization (B.A. thesis, Vassar College, 2008), and historicized the last two constituent assembly processes in the Americas, Bolivia (2006-2009) and Ecuador (2008-2009), focusing on the transformative concept of plurinationality –a long-standing guiding principle of the praxis of Andean indigenous peoples’ social movements (M.A. thesis, Northwestern University, 2010). 4 the region end up portraying Latin/x Americans as passive masses unfit for democratic and/or revolutionary institutional innovation. Therefore, this dissertation focuses on different forms of (counter)cultural production related to grassroots organization and mobilization that resulted in, and were further catalyzed by, the ongoing demand to redraft national constitutions across Latin America. My research design, focusing on the praxis of organized subaltern subjects that have played a key role in articulating the demand to convene participatory constituent assemblies and invoke the resulting constitutions in their cultural production, seeks to theorize the subaltern subjectivities at play on the redefinition of modern Latin American nations and states in the 21st century. This objective led me to identify crucial conflicts that emerged during the last Venezuelan and Ecuadorian Constituent Assemblies and informed my initial coding of primary documents such as transcripts of constituent assemblies’ debates as well as the sampling for interviews with elected representatives and other key (geo)political actors, particularly Afro- Amerindian and migrant women. In the aftermath of these processes, I have been able to develop a series of ethnographic engagements in social spaces that highlight the importance of considering the role that expressive cultures continue to play in these constituent processes. I show how the importance of expressive (counter)cultures is particularly salient in the Venezuelan case. The historical scope delineated by these national cases contributes to the analysis and theorization of power relations that characterize neoliberal (geo)politics across the Americas. In this vein, the in-depth accounts of the Venezuelan and Ecuadorian constituent assemblies are contextualized by referencing two “negative” cases where the demands to redraft national 5 constitutions have been blocked by political elites (Chile and Honduras) as well as the experience of Bolivia where the redrafting of the national Constitution (2006-2009) was met with violent opposition. Relying on secondary sources to reference these complementary cases, this dissertation contrasts the Venezuelan and Ecuadorian constituent processes on three different levels ripe for comparative analysis: 1) between nationalities and nation-states, 2) between postcolonial/modern nation-state actors and transnational subaltern subjects, and 3) between the embodied experiences of citizens and non-citizens. More than assessing the institutional capacity or the extent of revolutionary transformation of the Venezuelan and Ecuadorian states as a result of these constitution-making processes, this dissertation explores the effects these processes have had in the revolutionary imagination forged by transnational organizations and mobilization of Afro-Amerindian social movements and human rights activists focused on queer and feminist struggles. Ultimately this dissertation maps the transnational circulation of (geo)political projects calling for the refounding of the nation and the reinstitutionalization of the state as mechanisms to address postcolonial inequalities. In other words, it constitutes a (geo)political (auto)ethnography (Pratt, 1991, 1992) of the challenge to reimagine the modern nation-state in 21st century Latin America by focusing on the performative gesture of convening participatory constituent assemblies in Venezuela (1999) and Ecuador (2008-2009) so as to explore the renewed historical significance of the right to “freedom of assembly” (Butler, 2013, 2015; Osterweil, 2015) and contemporary enactments of renewed forms of postcolonial (trans)nationalism.3 3 Here I seek to contribute to a line of research and reflection opened by Frantz Fanon in The Wretched of the Earth (1963), particularly in the chapter “On National Culture” where he analyzes (trans)nationalism as “the fundamental issue of the legitimate claim to a nation” which has mobilized social struggles in postcolonial contexts. The 6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Knowledge production is always a collective pursuit as it requires collective efforts and generates epistemic communities. This is perhaps the single most important lesson that emerges from sociology as research practice and scientific theorizing. The sociological imagination developed in order to carry out this work of research and analysis is the result of both the many people I met during the process and influenced me one way or another during my lifetime more generally. All of those generous enough to share their views and experiences, in informal exchanges and more structured interviews and those who keep various sorts of archives I encountered during the last decade deserve much of the credit to whatever proves useful in this dissertation. Research funding for this project was provided by Vassar College, Northwestern University, including from the Buffet Center for Global Studies and the Latin American Studies cluster, and Universidad Central del Ecuador (UCE). The capacity to carry out sociological research particularly requires institutional support, which I have been lucky to find in various entities and organizations I have been a part of during the last decade. For this and other reasons not only individuals nor institutions should be acknowledged but also the often convoluted, interlocking collective memories and histories that we collapse under any given conception of society or people. Needless to say, the bibliography at the end of this document is another place to find more of those whom deserve credit for providing me with building blocks to construct my ambivalence of “(trans)national” evokes the need to explore how “[n]ational culture is the collective thought process of a people to describe, justify, and extoll the actions whereby they have joined forces and remained strong. National culture in the underdeveloped countries, therefore, must be at the very heart of the liberation struggle these countries are waging. […] The problem is knowing what role these [wo]men have in store for their people, the type of social relations they will establish and their idea of the future of humanity” (Fanon [1963] 2004, pp. 168-169). 7 thinking. I owe inspiration to the generosity of the Venezuelans I had the privilege to meet during the course of my research in Caracas and Chicago, the daily struggles of my compatriots both in Ecuador and Chicago, and those fought historically by Latin/x communities both north and south of the U.S.-Mexico borderlands. The motivation behind this work comes from the critical decolonizing potential of taking seriously the challenges posited by the praxis of the Afro- Amerindian Diaspora(s) in the project of remaking modernity. I also want
Load more

Recommended publications
  • La Situación Del Mundo 2003
    LA SITUACIÓN DEL MUNDO 2003 LA SITUACIÓN DEL MUNDO 2003 INFORME ANUAL DEL WORLDWATCH INSTITUTE SOBRE PROGRESO HACIA UNA SOCIEDAD SOSTENIBLE Prólogo de Christopher Flavin Presidente Worldwatch Institute Gary Gardner Chris Bright Christopher Flavin Mia MacDonald Anne Platt McGinn Danielle Nierenberg Payal Sampat Janet Sawin Molly O’Meara Sheehan Howard Youth Editora Linda Starke Título original: State of the World 2003 Fotografía de la cubierta: Imagen STS109-348-27 cedida por Earth Sciences & Image Analysis Laboratory, NASA Johnson Space Center (http://eol.jsc.nasa.gov) Traducción del inglés: Isabel Bermejo Revisión a cargo de: Ricardo Aguilar y Mabel González Bustelo Traducción Primera edición: mayo 2003 © Worldwatch Institute, 2003 © de esta edición: © ICARIA editorial, s.a. © Ausiàs Marc, 16, 3r. 2a. / 08010 Barcelona © www.icariaeditorial.com © e-mail: [email protected] ISBN: 84-7426-645-9 Depósito legal: B-22.894-2003 Impreso por Romanyà/Valls, s.a. Verdaguer 1, Capellades (Barcelona) Impreso en España. Prohibida la reproducción total o parcial. Printed in Spain. Este libro ha sido impreso en papel reciclado. JUNTA DIRECTIVA DEL WORLDWATCH INSTITUTE Øystein Dahle, presidente Lynne Gallaguer NORUEGA ESTADOS UNIDOS Larry Minear, secretario John McBride ESTADOS UNIDOS ESTADOS UNIDOS Thomas Crain, tesorero Izaak van Melle ESTADOS UNIDOS PAÍSES BAJOS Adam Albright Wren Wirth ESTADOS UNIDOS ESTADOS UNIDOS Lester R. Brown James Lee Witt ESTADOS UNIDOS ESTADOS UNIDOS Cathy Crain ESTADOS UNIDOS Eméritos: James Dehlsen Orville L. Freeman ESTADOS UNIDOS ESTADOS UNIDOS Christopher Flavin Abderrahman Khane ESTADOS UNIDOS ARGELIA PERSONAL DEL WORLDWATCH INSTITUTE Erik Assadourian Brian Halweil Lyle Rosbotham Richard C. Bell Sharon Lapier Curtis Runyan Chris Bright Lisa Mastny Payal Sampat Lori A.
    [Show full text]
  • Nationalism, Sovereignty, and Agrarian Politics in Venezuela
    Sowing the State: Nationalism, Sovereignty, and Agrarian Politics in Venezuela by Aaron Kappeler A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anthropology University of Toronto © Copyright by Aaron Kappeler 2015 Sowing the State: Nationalism, Sovereignty and Agrarian Politics in Venezuela Aaron Kappeler Doctor of Philosophy Degree Anthropology University of Toronto 2015 Abstract Sowing the State is an ethnographic account of the remaking of the Venezuelan nation- state at the start of the twenty-first century, which underscores the centrality of agriculture to the re-envisioning of sovereignty. The narrative explores the recent efforts of the Venezuelan government to transform the rural areas of the nation into a model of agriculture capable of feeding its mostly urban population as well as the logics and rationales for this particular reform project. The dissertation explores the subjects, livelihoods, and discourses conceived as the proper basis of sovereignty as well as the intersection of agrarian politics with statecraft. In a nation heavily dependent on the export of oil and the import of food, the politics of land and its various uses is central to statecraft and the rural becomes a contested field for a variety of social groups. Based on extended fieldwork in El Centro Técnico Productivo Socialista Florentino, a state enterprise in the western plains of Venezuela, the narrative analyses the challenges faced by would-be nation builders after decades of neoliberal policy designed to integrate the nation into the global market as well as the activities of the enterprise directed at ii transcending this legacy.
    [Show full text]
  • EL VERBO INSURGENTE La Canción Y Los Movimientos Político-Sociales En Venezuela 1960-1975
    UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA ANDRÉS BELLO FACULTAD DE HUMANIDADES Y EDUCACIÓN ESCUELA DE COMUNICACIÓN SOCIAL MENCIÓN PERIODISMO Trabajo de Grado EL VERBO INSURGENTE La canción y los movimientos político-sociales en Venezuela 1960-1975 Tesista: María Angelina Castillo Borgo Tutor: Carlos Delgado Flores Caracas, septiembre de 2011 A mi abuela María 2 AGRADECIMIENTOS A mis padres, la mejor de mis canciones A Pedro y a Titi, mis intérpretes preferidos A la Tita y a la madrina, a mi familia, por sus abrazos de fuerza A Gerardo, mi amor mi cómplice y todo A mi tutor, Carlos Delgado Flores, por ser guía cuando todo parecía más difuso A la Universidad Católica Andrés Bello y a aquellos profesores que me enseñaron a luchar contra la mediocridad A mis alocadas compinches, por tantos buenos momentos A los amigos y compañeros de clase A Germán Torres A los chicos de Archivo del diario El Nacional, por soportar mis visitas nocturnas y constantes A mis colegas de la sección Escenas, especialmente a Juan Antonio, mi mejor asesor cultural A Patricia Molina, la adorable editora A todos los que colaboraron y a quienes contaron sus historias A Dios A la vida A la música A la imaginación 3 ÍNDICE I. INTRODUCCIÓN ………………………………………………....... 7 II. MÉTODO …………………………………………………………… 11 PRESENTACIÓN DE LA INVESTIGACIÓN ……………………… 11 TIPO DE INVESTIGACIÓN ………………………………………... 14 FORMULACIÓN DEL PROBLEMA ……………………………….. 16 JUSTIFICACIÓN ……………………………………………………. 16 HIPÓTESIS …………………………………………………………... 17 OBJETIVO GENERAL ……………………………………………… 17 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS ………………………………………… 18 DELIMITACIÓN …………………………………………………….. 18 PÚBLICO O LECTOR META ………………………………………. 18 LIMITACIONES …………………………………………………….. 19 PROCESO DE REALIZACIÓN DE LA SEMBLANZA …………… 20 Investigación documental ………………………………………... 20 Entrevista ………………………………………………………… 21 Observación ……………………………………………………… 24 ESCRITURA DE LA SEMBLANZA ……………………………….. 25 Nuevo Periodismo ………………………………………………..
    [Show full text]
  • SONIC POLITICS and the EZLN by Jeremy Oldfield a Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requir
    THE INSURGENT MICROPHONE: SONIC POLITICS AND THE EZLN by Jeremy Oldfield A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honors in American Studies WILLIAMS COLLEGE Williamstown, Massachusetts May 6,2005 Acknowledgements My name stands alone on the title page. jE~toes una rnentira enovrne! Each one of these people should be listed alongside: Cass Cleghorn, my advisor, for inviting me to take some serious literary risks; for meeting at the oddest hours to casually restructure the entire thing; for yelling "jDeja de pintav la Mona!"; for her infectious curiosity; and for sharing her tunes. My brother Ben, for flying to Chiapas with me last January, and for telling me to chill out and start this thing. Sergio Beltrhn, for his stories - and that shot of mezcal. Bryan Garman, my high school history teacher, for attuning my ears to the power hiding in things that rock. The 2003 International Honors Program "Indigenous Perspectives" crew. Tracey, for enduring my frustrated rants; for editing my introduction and suggesting, in vain, that I remove a questionably appropriate sentence; and for bringing me food that last week, when I became a hairy, unruly hermit. Payson, for barging in so often to call me boring, and for filling the hallway with banjo riffs at 4am. Gene Bell-Villada, my sophomore year Spanish professor, for sending this scared, ill-prepared, young gringo to Guatemala two years ago. My dad, for playing me Richard Farifia's "Pack Up Your Sorrows" on the dulcimer eighteen years ago. It was the first song that gave me goose bumps.
    [Show full text]
  • Protestantism in Oaxaca, 1920-1995 Kathleen Mcintyre
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository History ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations 1-31-2013 Contested Spaces: Protestantism in Oaxaca, 1920-1995 Kathleen McIntyre Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/hist_etds Recommended Citation McIntyre, Kathleen. "Contested Spaces: Protestantism in Oaxaca, 1920-1995." (2013). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/hist_etds/ 54 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in History ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Kathleen Mary McIntyre Candidate Department of History Department This dissertation is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Dissertation Committee: Linda Hall, Chairperson Manuel García y Griego Elizabeth Hutchison Cynthia Radding Les W. Field i CONTESTED SPACES: PROTESTANTISM IN OAXACA, 1920-1995 by KATHLEEN MARY MCINTYRE B.A., History and Hispanic Studies, Vassar College, 2001 M.A., Latin American Studies, University of New Mexico, 2005 DISSERTATION Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy History The University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico December, 2012 ii DEDICATION To my mother, Cassie Tuohy McIntyre, for always believing in me. Many thanks. Do mo mháthair dhílis, Cassie Tuohy McIntyre, a chreid ionamsa ó thús. Míle buíochas. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS It truly takes a pueblo to complete a dissertation. I am indebted to a long list of individuals and institutions in the United States and Mexico for supporting me throughout my investigation of religious conflict in Oaxaca.
    [Show full text]
  • Venezuela the Chávez Effect
    ReVista HARVARD REVIEW OF LATIN AMERICA • FALL 2008 Venezuela The Chávez Effect DAVID ROCKEFELLER CENTER FOR LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES, HARVARD UNIVERSITY Editor’s LETTER Long, long ago before I ever saw the skyscrapers of Caracas, long before I ever fished for cachama in Barinas with Pedro and Aída, long before I ever dreamed of ReVista, let alone an issue on Venezuela, I heard a song. “Qué triste vive mi gente en sus casas de cartón,” my Dominican friends played over and over again on their pho- nographs in our New York barrio. “How sadly live my people in their cardboard houses.” I soon learned the song was by Venezuelan singer-composer Alí Primera, and the words stuck in my head as I trav- eled Central America, the Caribbean and Colombia as a budding journalist in the mid-70s. The song became a wrench- ing songtrack as I witnessed poverty and inequality throughout the region. When I went to Caracas for the first time in 1979, I was startled. I was living at the time in Colombia, where new cars and televisions were a luxury—even among the middle-class, where children slept on the streets with dogs and rags to keep them warm. In Caracas, the new cars whizzed by me; imported goods of all types were sold in the stores and hawked in the streets; bookstores and cultural centers burst with energy derived from the Venezuelan oil boom. Since then, I’ve visited Venezuela three times, the latest earlier this year in preparation for this issue of ReVista. Each time, I saw the skyscrapers, only later noticing the ring of cardboard houses on the hillsides, the houses Ali Primera so eloquently sang about.
    [Show full text]
  • El Graffiti En La V República Venezolana. Estudio Del Graffiti Sobre Asuntos Públicos Revista Latina De Comunicación Social, Vol
    Revista Latina de Comunicación Social E-ISSN: 1138-5820 [email protected] Laboratorio de Tecnologías de la Información y Nuevos Análisis de Comunicación Social España Abreu Sojo, Iván El graffiti en la V República Venezolana. Estudio del graffiti sobre asuntos públicos Revista Latina de Comunicación Social, vol. 6, núm. 55, abril - junio, 2003, p. 1 Laboratorio de Tecnologías de la Información y Nuevos Análisis de Comunicación Social Canarias, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=81965503 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Abreu Sojo, Iván, 2003: El graffiti ... Página 1 de 20 Revista Latina de Comunicación Social La Laguna (Tenerife) – abril-junio de 2003 - año 6º - número 55 D.L.: TF - 135 - 98 / ISSN: 1138 – 5820 http://www.ull.es/publicaciones/latina/20035517abreu.htm El graffiti en la V República Venezolana. Estudio del graffiti sobre asuntos públicos Irgendwann fällt jede mauer! ¡Algún día cada muro caerá! Graffiti en el muro de Berlín Dr. Iván Abreu Sojo © Universidad Central de Venezuela Resumen Venezuela is living an unusual political process. On February 4th, 1992, suddenly, the lieutenant colonel Hugo Chávez enters in the public scene, becoming President almost seven years later. The President’s procedures infringe all the tradition of political communication in the country, being his charismatic image the center of the political controversy. A topic with few studies in the country has been the graffiti or pintada, not understood as art or as individual expression of feelings, but as political communication.
    [Show full text]
  • Pelo Malo: Representing Symbolic Violence in the Intricacies of Venezuela’S Contemporary Film Landscape
    Fairfield University DigitalCommons@Fairfield Modern Languages & Literature Faculty Publications Modern Languages & Literature Department Spring 2017 Pelo malo: Representing Symbolic Violence in the Intricacies of Venezuela’s Contemporary Film Landscape Michelle Leigh Farrell Fairfield University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/modernlanguagesandliterature- facultypubs This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License Peer Reviewed Repository Citation Farrell, Michelle Leigh, "Pelo malo: Representing Symbolic Violence in the Intricacies of Venezuela’s Contemporary Film Landscape" (2017). Modern Languages & Literature Faculty Publications. 31. https://digitalcommons.fairfield.edu/modernlanguagesandliterature-facultypubs/31 Published Citation Farrell, Michelle Leigh. “Pelo malo: Representing Symbolic Violence in the Intricacies of Venezuela’s Contemporary Film Landscape”, Cincinnati Romance Review, Volume 42 Spring 2017: (190-210). This item has been accepted for inclusion in DigitalCommons@Fairfield by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Fairfield. It is brought to you by DigitalCommons@Fairfield with permission from the rights- holder(s) and is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses, you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless
    [Show full text]
  • THE INVENTION of the NATIONAL in VENEZUELAN ART MUSIC, 1920-1960 by Pedro Rafael Aponte Licenciatura En Música, Instituto Univ
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by D-Scholarship@Pitt THE INVENTION OF THE NATIONAL IN VENEZUELAN ART MUSIC, 1920-1960 by Pedro Rafael Aponte Licenciatura en Música, Instituto Universitario de Estudios Musicales, 1995 M.M., James Madison University, 1997 M.A., University of Pittsburgh, 2004 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2008 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF MUSIC This dissertation was presented by Pedro Rafael Aponte It was defended on October 27, 2008 and approved by Dr. Deane Root, Professor of Music Dr. Don Franklin, Professor of Music Dr. Mary Lewis, Professor of Music Dr. Joshua Lund, Associate Professor of Hispanic Languages and Literature Dissertation Advisor: Dr. Deane Root, Professor of Music ii Copyright © by Pedro Rafael Aponte 2008 iii THE INVENTION OF THE NATIONAL IN VENEZUELAN ART MUSIC, 1920-1960 Pedro Rafael Aponte, Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh, 2008 This dissertation explores the developments of art music in Venezuela during the first half of the twentieth century as an exercise in nation building. It argues that beginning in the early 1920s a nationalist movement in music emerged, which was not only determined by but also determinant in the construction of a concept of nationhood. The movement took place at a crucial time when the country had entered a process of economic transformation. The shift in Venezuela’s economic system from agrarian to industrial in the 1910s triggered a reconfiguration of the country’s social and cultural structures.
    [Show full text]
  • MUD Exige Investigar La Detención De Los Flores
    MARACAIBO, VENEZUELA · LUNES, 16 DE NOVIEMBRE DE 2015 · AÑO VIII · Nº 2.556 CIRCULACIÓN VERIFICADA POR EL COMITÉ CERTIFICADOR DE MEDIOS ANDA-FEVAP PV JUSTO LUNES A SÁBADO BS. 40,00 // DOMINGO BS. 50,00 IGLESIA DEVOCIÓN CONCURSO OBISPO DE CIUDAD GUAYANA: JAIRO GIL ATRIBUYE A LA FE DE TE REGALO UN CUENTO YA “EL FUTURO NO DEPENDE SU MADRE LAS GAITAS QUE LE SUMA MÁS DE 480 HISTORIAS DE DEL GOBIERNO NACIONAL”. 9 COMPONE A LA CHINITA. 14 NIÑOS DE TODO EL ESTADO. 20 CRITICAN EL MUTISMO DE MADURO Y LA AN SÚPER LUNES MUD exige DEPORTIVO investigar la detención de los Flores El secretario general de la MUD demanda, en entrevista con este diario, que el Gobierno y el Parlamento ejerzan soberanía para activar una investigación sobre el “narco escándalo” que salpica a la Presidencia. 2 REMONTADA RAPAZ 2-1 Águilas reacciona en el último inning FRONTERA La zuliana Edicnel Castillo para vencer a Lara. Foto: Cortesía. Pág. 35 desde Francia: “nadie NIÑOS DE “EL ARROYO” se siente seguro” CONVIVEN CON BASURA Y ANIMALES ENFERMOS NBA TENIS La joven, de 24 años, 5 vive en Lille. Cuenta Greivis Vásquez anotó Djokovic arranca con cómo los parisinos 13 puntos contra buen pie el último temen que vuelvan los Cavs de Lebron ELECCIONES Máster del año a ser blancos de 34 323 atentados. Teme que LA VIOLENCIA ESTÁ arrecie la xenofobia. Tres venezolanos LATENTE EN DISCURSOS sobrevivieron al ataque DE LA CAMPAÑA DEL 6D FÚTBOL en el teatro Bataclan. 12 Karim Benzema podríaría 21-36 dejar el Madrid si lo declaran culpable ALERTA REGISTROS 3232 LA BUROCRACIA FRENA LA Muere joven de rabia CREACIÓN DE EMPRESAS SUBCAMPEÓN DE LA F1 DE LOS EMPRENDEDORES Nico Rosberg ganó el GP de Brasil, humana en Guajira donde Maldonado llegó de 11.
    [Show full text]
  • The Indicenous Presence in Rubén D a ~ O and Ernesto
    THE INDICENOUS PRESENCE IN RUBÉN DA~OAND ERNESTO CARDENAL John Andrew Morrow A thesis submitted in confonnity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Department of Spanish and Portuguese University of Toronto O Copyright by John A. Morrow, 2000 National Library Bibliothèque nationale 1+1 of,,, du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rwWellington OltawaON KlAW OMwaON KlAW canada canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive Licence aiiowing the exclusive permettant à la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or seil reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of ths thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/film, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. .. 11 ABSTRACT The Indigenous Presence in Rubén Dario and Emesto Cardenal. Morrow, John A., Ph-D. University of Toronto, 2000.346pp. Director: Keith Ellis. This dissertation examines the indigenous presence in the poetry of Rubén Dario and Emesto Cardenal. It is divided into two sections, the fkst dealing with Dario and the second with Cardenal. In both sections the literary analysis is preceeded by a critical contextuaiization.
    [Show full text]
  • Dorothy Sloan Books – Catalogue 5 (5/88)
    Dorothy Sloan Books – Catalogue 5 (5/88) 1. ABERT, J. W. Message...Communicating a Report of an Expedition...on the Upper Arkansas and through the Country of the Camanche Indians, in the Fall of the Year 1845. Washington: S438, 1846. 75 pp., 11 hand-colored lithographs, folding chart, large folding map. 8vo, original full diced brown morocco gilt (expertly rebacked, original spine preserved). A very fine copy, the beautifully colored plates superb. Very rare with colored plates--only Abert's presentation copies had color plates, and the 2 other such copies we trace are incomplete. First edition. Alliot, p. 17. Bennett, p. 1: "Very fine colored lithographic plates." Graff 6. Howes A10. Plains & Rockies IV:120: "The report begins on August 9, 1845, at Bent's Fort. The party traveled south to the Raton Mountains and thence down the Canadian River, returning through the Creek Nation and arriving at Fort Gibson on October 21." Wheat, Mapping the Transmississippi West 489 & p. 194. "Abert's carefully drawn map provided authoritative information about the north Texas country...His map was important because it was the first trustworthy representation of the Canadian River region...Abert's descriptions of Indians, both pictorially and in the text of his report, provided [for] the first time [to] the federal government...data on the Kiowas and Comanches from one of its own agents. His descriptions of the hostile Comanches and Kiowas, if they discouraged settlement, served a practical purpose...He brought to his western survey a kind of enlightened, almost pragmatic, common sense, in that he noted the regional geography with an eye to everything that would contribute toward the possible solution of the problem of settlement and national development in the particular area" (Goetzmann, Army Exploration, pp.
    [Show full text]