Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei Iwi Management Plan 2012
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Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei Iwi Management Plan 2012 CONTENTS 9.3 Recommendations of specific management actions for key issues ................................................................ 48 1.0 FOREWORD ...................................................................... 3 9.4 Recommendations of roles that should be played by 2.0 PURPOSE .......................................................................... 4 Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei in their co-management of their heritage sites .......................................................... ..49 3.0 BRIEF HISTORY OF NGĀTI WHĀTUA .................................. 5 10.0 APPENDIX 3: EXAMPLES of NWO WĀHI HIRA ................. 50 4.0 NWO ROHE (area included within this management plan) 9 10.1 Tekau mā Rima ......................................................... 50 5.0 NGĀ TURE - THE LEGAL CONTEXT ................................... 11 10.2 Ngā Manga Toitū ...................................................... 50 6.0 PARTICIPATION/CONSULTATION .................................... 11 11.0 APPENDIX 4: OTHER LEGISLATION, STRATEGIES AND 7.0 ISSUES, OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES ................................. 11 CLAIMS OF RELEVANCE .................................................. 51 7.1 Te Wai Ora a Tāne and Mauri Moana (Waters and their 12.0 APPENDIX 5: NOMINATED TREES AROUND ŌRĀKEI PUT Ecological Communities) ........................................... 11 FORWARD FOR SCHEDULING BY NWO IN 2011 .............. 55 7.2 Te Wao Nui a Tāne (Terrestrial Biodiversity) ............. 18 13.0 APPENDIX 6: NWO MᾹORI TRUST BOARD 2011-2020 7.3 Whenua and Ahi Kā (Landscapes, People within them, STRATEGIC PLAN ............................................................ 57 and Cultural Heritage) ............................................... 23 14.0 APPENDIX 7: ŌKAHU CATCHMENT ECOLOGICAL 7.4 Ko Te Iwi ( The People) ............................................. 33 RESTORATION PLAN (2012) ............................................ 58 8.0 APPENDIX 1: WAI 388 – TREATY CLAIM .......................... 43 15.0 APPENDIX 8: GLOSSARY of MĀORI TERMS ...................... 59 9.0 APPENDIX 2: CASE STUDY – NWO CO-MANAGEMENT OF HERITAGE PLACES .......................................................... 44 9.1 Summary of recommendations for the management of Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei heritage (with particular reference to Maungakiekie) ...................................... 44 9.2 General management recommendations based on a location’s landscape .................................................. 46 Iwi Management Plan – Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei 2 1.0 FOREWORD Contact: The Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei Trust Board endorses this plan. In the Kaiwhakahaere (Manager) context of planning procedures this document is denoted as an Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei Toki Taiao (heritage and resource iwi management plan, although Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei (NWO) is management unit) in fact an autonomous hapū within the wider Ngāti Whātua iwi. Email: malcolm@ngatiwhatuaŌrākei.com The Kaiwhakahaere Toki Taiao (Manager, heritage and resource Mobile: (021) 253 3930 management unit) for Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei is the first point of contact regarding this plan and responsible for its review. Phone: (09) 336 1670 Fax: (09) 929 0002 Ground Floor 32-34 Māhuhu Cres Waiariki Auckland CBD PO Box 42 045 Ōrākei Auckland 1745 Iwi Management Plan – Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei 3 and planning matters within or otherwise affecting Tāmaki 2.0 PURPOSE Makaurau. This will also include acknowledgement of the importance of meeting the obligations and agreements formed Iwi management plans are formal planning documents, developed by whānau, hapū and iwi. Territorial and regional between the Crown and mana whenua. authorities must ‘take into account’ iwi management plans 3. Partnerships and Education when preparing or changing policies and plans (RMA sections The development and fostering of effective working 61(2), 62(1)(b), 66(2)(c), and 74(2)(c)). partnerships to address matters of importance between NWO Within this statutory context, the Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei iwi and Auckland Council, council controlled organisations, local management plan has three key purposes: boards, government agencies and other key stakeholders is fundamental to effectively and efficiently managing our cultural 1. Clear Guidance and Direction resources. Aligned with this is achieving greater understanding The Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei iwi management plan will provide and acceptance amongst the wider community of our rohe, clear guidance and direction on the issues of importance to the values, history and ongoing role as mana whenua. hapū and how its values with respect to these are to be implemented into resource / heritage management and In achieving these purposes, this plan will address to some planning decisions within or otherwise affecting Tāmaki degree the disparity of resources and disempowerment Makaurau. Reference to this document along with early between NWO Toki Taiao and the multiple agencies and engagement with NWO in policy and consent processes, will individuals it has to engage with regarding heritage, cultural, assist to ensure our cultural values are appropriately recognised social and environmental issues. and provided for, our community wellbeing is provided for and This is a reference document to use as a basis of understanding resources sustainably managed and developed. NWO’s values and relationship with land, water and sites of significance prior to engaging with the hapū. It is not to be used as 2. Consistent Approach an alternative to consultation, involvement or face to face contact This document will create consistency in the approach and with NWO. Information must be provided to NWO and consultation undertaken processes where NWO are involved / consulted on management as early as possible if there is any potential for the use or development of natural or physical resources to impact on the matters of significance to NWO as outlined in this document. Iwi Management Plan – Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei 4 3.0 BRIEF HISTORY OF NGĀTI WHĀTUA The origins of Ngāti Whātua as an iwi in Aotearoa / New Zealand begin in the far north. Over time Ngāti Whātua migrated south toward the large and bountiful Kaipara Harbour. At that point, the Waiohua confederation occupied much of Tāmaki Makaurau. In the mid-18th century, Waiohua (led by Kiwi Tāmaki) came into conflict with Ngāti Whātua. Battles were fought both in Kaipara and Tāmaki Makaurau. Ngāti Whātua was victorious and displaced the Waiohua from the northern part of their rohe (most notably the Tāmaki Isthmus). Tuperiri, a Ngāti Whātua (particularly a Te Taoū) rangatira (chief), remained in Tāmaki to consolidate Ngāti Whātua mana Figure 1: Pattern of movement and resource use by Ngāti Whātua whenua (customary authority). There were marriages between 1 around Tāmaki in the early 1800s . Ngāti Whātua and Waiohua with the descendants of these marriages later assuming the name Ngāoho. Other Waiohua On 20 March 1840, the rangatira Te Kawau, Te Reweti and Te who became part of the new Ngāti Whātua grouping in Tāmaki Tinana signed the Treaty of Waitangi on the shores of Manukau. took the name Te Uringutu. Most importantly, from the mid 1700s mana whenua was maintained by Ngāti Whātua through occupation, use and management of the abundant resources of Tāmaki. 1 The Geography Dept of the University of Auckland. Based on post-graduate work by Agnes Sullivan. Iwi Management Plan – Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei 5 Before even signing the Treaty however, Ngāti Whātua had sent a deputation of chiefs to the Bay of Islands inviting Governor Hobson to establish a township on their lands. In 1841 Governor Hobson arrived in Tāmaki and was greeted by Te Kawau and over one thousand Ngāti Whātua people. Te Kawau spoke for them all and invited Governor Hobson to share the land: “Governor, Governor, welcome, welcome as a father to me: there is my land for you.. go pick the best part of the land and place your people, at least, our people [ie. yours and mine] upon it..” He also offered to support Hobson - inviting him to 'sit on his knees'. Hobson accepted the invitation and an alliance with the Crown was anticipated by Ngāti Whātua. Thousands of acres were made available in exchange for European education, medicine and the opportunity to trade. However, within 10 years of signing the Treaty of Waitangi, Ngāti Whātua in Tāmaki Makaurau would lose control over the majority of our lands. Apihai Te Kawau, the grandson of Tuperiri and the leading rangatira in Tāmaki, wanted to protect what remained of Ngāti Whātua lands, namely the 700 acre Ōrākei Block. Apihai used Figure 2: Apihai Te Kawau and his nephew Reweti the Native Land Court to confirm Ngāti Whātua’s title to the Iwi Management Plan – Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei 6 Block and ensure that it stayed in communal ownership, rather the land at Ōrākei that the hapū had notified their interest in for than individual title. the settlement of their claims to the Ōrākei Block. In 1868, Chief Judge Fenton affirmed the ownership authority of A section of Ngāti Whātua, under the leadership of Joseph the three hapū of Ngāti Whātua in Tāmaki: Te Taoū, Ngāoho and Parata Hawke, protested by occupying Bastion Point for more Te Uringutu. These 3 hapū are collectively referred to today as than 500 days. Ngāti Whātua o Ōrākei. On 25 May 1978 the Government sent in a massive force of The Native Land Court declared that the Ōrākei Block would be police and army, the largest internal mobilisation of police in “…absolutely inalienable to any person in any manner New Zealand ’s history,