Engineering Walk Final with out Cover Re-Print.Indd
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Heritage Walks _ The Engineering Heritage of Auckland 5 The Auckland City Refuse Destructor 1905 Early Electricity Generation 1908 9 Wynyard Wharf 1922 3 13 Auckland Electric 1 Hobson Wharf The New Zealand National Maritime Museum Tramways Co. Ltd Princes Wharf 1937 1989 1899–1902 1921–24 12 7 2 The Viaduct 10 4 11 The Auckland Gasworks, Tepid Baths Lift Bridge The Auckland Harbour Bridge The Sky Tower Viaduct Harbour first supply to Auckland 1865 1914 1932 1955-59 1997 1998-99 Route A 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 Route B 14 Old 15 Auckland High Court 13 The Old Synagogue 1 10 Albert Park 1942 Government 1865-7 1884-85 The Ferry Building House 1912 1856 16 Parnell Railway Bridge and Viaduct 5 The Dingwall Building 1935 1865-66 3 Chief Post Office 1911 The Britomart Transport Centre 7 The Ligar Canal, named 1852, improved 1860s, covered 1870s 6 8 Civic Theatre 1929 2001-2004 New Zealand 9 Guardian Trust The Auckland Town Hall Building 1911 1914 17 The Auckland Railway Station 1927-37 11 Albert Barracks Wall 2 Queens Wharf 1913 1846-7 4 The Dilworth Building 1926 12 University of Auckland Old Arts Building 1923-26 10 Route A, approx 2.5 hours r St 9 Route B, approx 2.5 hours Hame Brigham St Other features Jellicoe St 1 f r ha W Madden s 2 e St St rf Princ a 12 h 13 W s Beaumont START HERE een 11 Qu Pakenha m St St 1 son ob H St bert y St n St Gaunt St Al 2 e e Pakenh S ue ket Place H1 am Q Hals St 3 ar Customs M St Quay St 3 4 18 NORTH Sw 8 St anson S Fanshawe t 5 7 6 Wyn Shortla dham nd St St 7 Bea ch Roa Kingst 6 on St d Victoria St West A nza Victoria St West V ictoria S c 5 t West Ave 4 13 17 t Drake S Nelson St St Beach Road St l Hobson Federa 14 15 ert St s St 16 Alb e n St nc 12 i t Elliot St Pr t r S Quee s St h S mond Hig Sy Kitchene 10 11 8 Alf red St G Wellesley raf ton Roa St d 9 to spaghetti junction to Grafton Bridge to War Memorial Museum b a c harf Princes W 1 Trail A — Northern Route approx 2.5 hours 11 11 Walk along Princes Wharf, located at the northernmost end of Quay Street, toward the Hilton Hotel. [1] Princes Wharf Access from Quay Street Princes Wharf was constructed between 1921 and 1924 following the closure and fi lling of Auckland’s fi rst dry dock, built in 1878. A remnant of the dry dock wall can still be seen by the kiosk on the west side of the ferry tee. It is the short diagonal wall with a heavy capstone indicating the line of the dock that still exists under the road and buildings opposite. The wharf had six double storey cargo sheds of fl at slab construction designed by Auckland Harbour Board Designing The women’s pool of the Tepid Baths, circa 1920. Engineer, Neville L Vickerman. Special Collections, Auckland City Libraries (NZ), 7-A565 The former Auckland Harbour Board offi ce building (1986) dominates the approach to Princes Wharf. The board was set up by an act of parliament in 1871 to facilitate port development and was endowed with 2,023.4ha of seabed. The [2] Tepid Baths - The ‘Teps’ commercially oriented Ports of Auckland Ltd replaced it in 100 Customs Street 1988 and all non-port related lands passed into the ownership of the Auckland Regional Council, the Auckland City Council Opened in 1914, the ‘Teps’ and subsequently, Auckland Regional Holdings Ltd (owned by are among New Zealand’s oldest the Auckland Regional Council). heated swimming pools. They The Princes Wharf sheds were re-developed in the late were built by the Auckland City 1990s into multi-storey apartments, restaurants, bars and the Council on reclaimed land leased Hilton Hotel. It remains the primary wharf used by large from the Auckland Harbour cruise ships that visit Auckland throughout the year. Board. They were originally salt water baths with separate pools Turn and walk up Hobson Street. Stop at the Tepid Baths on your right for men and women. The The Tepid Baths hand side. condensers of the Auckland exterior view, 1921. Electric Tramway Company’s Special Collections, Auckland City Libraries (NZ), 7-A5154 powerhouse on Lower Hobson Princes Wharf under construction, 1923. Street (next stop) initially heated Special Collections, Auckland City Libraries (NZ), 1-W434 water which was then gravity-fed down the hill to reach the pools. The pools’ popularity declined when the power station closed in 1924 and the waters went cold, but heat was thankfully restored in 1925. It took until 1986, when the baths were refurbished, for them to be de-segregated. The council bought the freehold in 1998 for the use of all Aucklanders and recent restoration has included the re-activation of the opening roof panels. Cross over at the traffi c lights behind you and walk under the Hobson Street overpass. Once on the other side of the road, follow the ramp up to Fanshawe Street. Cross at the lights over to the corner of Wolfe and Fanshawe Streets. Look up to view the old entrance to the AET building. 11 5 [3] Auckland Electric Tramway Co Ltd [4] Sky Tower Corner of Wolfe and Fanshawe Streets Corner of Victoria and Federal Streets The privately owned Auckland Electric Tramway Company (AET) was formed in In the relatively 1899 when the British Electric Traction short period of Company (BET) purchased the Auckland time since it was City and Suburban Horse Tramways. The constructed, the Sky electrifi ed network, built between 1899 and Tower has become The Auckland Electric Tramways Building The Auckland Electric Tramways 1902, was the largest municipal an Auckland icon. It engineering project in the country at the time, with much of opened in 1997 and the expertise supplied by the BET. Under the Tramways Act its total freestanding 1894, the Auckland City Council had powers to impose height is 333.6m above condition of construction, operation and services and the its foundations, and company was obliged to supply electricity for lighting Queen approximately 328m Aerial photograph of the Sky Tower under construction Street in 1903. Tension between the two bodies was frequent above street level. Courtesy of Geosmart Ltd, Auckland and in 1919 the council purchased the company. It functions as an Trams were essential to early life in Auckland and their observation, telecommunications and broadcasting tower. It , extensive patronage promoted the expansion of ‘tramway contains fi ve public levels, ten communication fl oors and three 2005. suburbs’, such as Mt Eden and Mt Albert, all over the Auckland steel fi re-refuge fl oors. The public levels, or pod, are reached Courtesy of Bryan Bartley isthmus. They were replaced in 1949 by the electric trolley by three glass-fronted elevators capable of transporting 225 bus system which operated until 1980. people up or down every 15 minutes, in addition to a service Although nothing remains of the tramways system itself lift. The shaft of the Sky Tower contains 124 fl ights of stairs (except at the Museum of Transport and Technology in with 1,307 steps to the base of the mast on top. Western Springs), the offi ce building (1902) can still be seen The main structure is a 12m diameter reinforced concrete here. Look up to see the letters AET in relief over what was shaft with a wall thickness varying between 350mm and once the main entrance to the building. 500mm. Slipform shuttering was used for continuous casting of the shaft. Eight reinforced concrete buttress legs stiffen it Continue up Hobson Street. At the intersection of Victoria and Hobson and a multi-sectional steel mast, equipped with tuned water Streets, to your left you will see the base of the Sky Tower. dampers (to limit its vibration in the wind) tops the shaft. The structure has been designed to provide a high level of performance against the elements, including gusts of wind of The laying of the tramlines and points at the Queen Street – up to 200km an hour. It would remain essentially undamaged Customs Street intersection, 1902. if subjected to the maximum credible earthquake, estimated to Reproduced with kind permission from Graham Stewart be Richter magnitude 7.0 at 40km from the site. Construction began in 1994 and it was completed in 1997 at a cost of $74 million. It was designed by Craig Moller Architects in conjunction with BECA engineers. Walk up to the intersection of Hobson and Victoria Streets. Cross at the lights and head west down Victoria Street. Continue toward the brick chimney you see at the bottom of the hill in front of you, the site of the old Auckland City Refuse Destructor. 7 Australian engineer, W T G Goodman, was employed to [5] Auckland City Refuse Destructor and report on the feasibility of using the destructor to generate electricity in 1906. His proposals were accepted, although he Early Electricity Generation criticised the council for failing to incorporate a generating 1 Drake Street plant in the original design, despite a series of earlier reports endorsing the potential of electricity. The site of today’s Victoria Park Markets was once the The electrical contract was won by Turnbull & Jones for central refuse collection area for Auckland City.