Jordan Journal of Natural History, 8, 2021 Pages: 11-16

New Data on the Coastal Fly Fauna (Diptera: Calliphoridae, Rhinophoridae, Sarcophagidae) of the Kherson Region (Ukraine)

Yuri G. Verves1*, Liudmyla A. Khrokalo2 and Kostiantyn Yu. Verves3

1Institute for Evolutionary Ecology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Academician Lebedev Str. 37, Kyiv, Ukraine, 03143; 2 National Technical University “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Chemical Technology Faculty, Physical Chemistry Department; Preremohy Awe 37 Kyiv, Ukraine, 03056; 3 National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Agrobiological Faculty; Heroiv Oborony Str. 13, building number 4, room 39, Kyiv, Ukraine, 03041

Received: October 19, 2020; Revised: December 12, 2020; Accepted: December 19, 2020

Abstract: The faunistic lists for the Kherson from the Kherson Region faunas are based on region of Ukraine are updated based on a an original analysis of the literature and data literature review and a recent collecting trip from the authors’ collection. The listed species in August 2020. The faunas of the following are classified according to the taxonomic oestroid families are updated: seven genera conception of the senior author (Povolný and and twenty-two species of Calliphoridae, Verves, 1997; Verves, 1989, 1990; Verves and including one species [Lucilia richardsi Khrokalo, 2006a, 2006b). Collin, 1926] recorded for the first time in this region; four genera and four species Materials and Methods of Rhinophoridae, including two species [Paykullia maculata (Fallén, 1815) and The flies were collected with a hand net Phyto melanocephala (Meigen, 1824)] in the Lazurne village (Skadovsk district, recorded for the first time in the region; Kherson), 46°5.13'N, 32°31.31'E, from 04. to forty-four genera and eighty-eight species 15.08.2020, in different habitats surrounding of Sarcophagidae. Original data on the the “Maiak” wellness complex. The village behaviour of adult flies feeding on aphid is located in an extremely synanthropic excreta on leaves of Lycium barbarum area: the seashore consists of a longitudinal Linnaeus, 1753 (Solanaceae) and flowering series of cultural sand beaches 100–300 m plants of Seseli tortuosum Linnaeus, 1753 wide, behind which there are rest houses, (Apiaceae) are also provided. sanatoriums, camping sites, etc. The “Maiak” complex covers an area of about five hectares, Keywords: Two‒winged insects, Species of which approximately two are wasteland. diversity, Imaginal feeding, Northern Black Most flies were caught on soil, leaves, and Sea region walls; others were collected separately on a bush of Lycium barbarum Linnaeus, 1753 Introduction (Solanaceae) near a residential building (Figures 1‒2) and on the flowering plants of New faunistic data on the families Calliphoridae, Seseli tortuosum Linnaeus, 1753 (Apiaceae) Rhinophoridae and Sarcophagidae (Diptera: in the wasteland (Figures 3‒4). Information Oestroidea) are presented based on the results on the Kherson regional fauna was completed of a collection trip by the authors in the through the analysis of the scientific Kherson Region, Ukraine. The total numbers literature on calliphorids (Makovetskaya of known genera and species of these families and Verves, 2018; Szpila and Verves, 2008; Verves, 1985b, 2004, 2005c; Verves and *Corresponding author: [email protected] Khrokalo, 2006a, 2010; Verves et al., 2005), 12 Jordan Journal of Natural History, 8, 2021 rhinophorids (Verves, 2005a, b; Verves and 2000a, 2000b, 2006; Verves and Khrokalo, Khrokalo, 2010) and sarcophagids (Richet 2006b, 2006c, 2014a, 2014b; Verves et al., et al., 2013; Valentyuk, 1971; Verves, 1974, 1977, 2015; Verves and Szpila, 2008, 2011) 1975, 1979, 1982, 1984, 1985a, 1985b, 1993, from the region.

Figure 1. Bush of Lycium barbarum. Figure 2. Aphids on leaves of Lycium barbarum.

Figure 3. Wasteland with thickets of Seseli tortuosum. Figure 4. Solitary wasp Megascolia maculata between flowering branches ofSeseli tortuosum. Results

A total of 470 specimens were collected The flies appeared en masse on the leaves at belonging to twenty species (Table 1), among about seven o’clock in the morning and fed which three (Lucilia richardsi, Paykullia on honeydew. After nine o’clock, almost all maculata, and Phyto melanocephala) are the flies dispersed and returned to the bush recorded for the first time for the Kherson at about seventeen o’clock. Usually before Region. twenty o’clock they hid on the underside of Interestingly, specimens of Lucilia the leaves, where they spent the night. Bercaea sericata used a Lycium barbarum bush, africa adults fed on honeydew only during the the leaves of which were populated by day, between ten and seventeen o’clock. numerous aphids, as a kind of “fly hostel.” Yuri G. Verves et al. 13

Table 1. Flies, collected in the Lazurne village from 4. to 15.08.2020 in different habitats.

No Fly species Substrates Sum soil, leaves and Lycium Seseli tortuosum walls barbarum 1 Lucilia richardsi 1 ‒ ‒ 1 Collin, 1926 (1♂) (1♂) 2 Lucilia silvarum 1 ‒ 2 3 (Meigen, 1826) (1♀) (1♂1♀) (2♂1♀) 3 Lucilia sericata 96 81 170 347 (Meigen, 1826) (51♂45♀) (31♂50♀) (85♂85♀) (167♂180♀) Calliphoridae, sum 98 81 172 351 (52♂46♀) (31♂50♀) (86♂86♀) (169♂182♀) 1 Paykullia maculata 2 ‒ 1 3 (Fallén, 1815) (1♂1♀) (1♀) (1♂2♀) 2 Phyto melanocephala 3 ‒ ‒ 3 (Meigen, 1824) (3♀) (3♀) Rhinophoridae, sum 5 ‒ 1 6 (1♂4♀) (1♀) (1♂5♀) 1 Senotainia albifrons 1 ‒ 3 4 (Rondani, 1859) (1♀) (2♂1♀) (2♂2♀) 2 Senotainia conica 14 ‒ 9 23 (Fallén, 1810) (6♂8♀) (6♂3♀) (12♂11♀) 3 Senotainia deserta 6 ‒ 1 7 Rohdendorf, 1935 (1♂5♀) (1♀) (1♂6♀) 4 Pterella convergens 1 ‒ 1 2 (Pandellé, 1895) (1♀) (1♀) (2♀) 5 Pterella melanura ‒ ‒ 2 2 (Meigen, 1824) (2♀) (2♀) 6 Sarcophila latifrons 6 ‒ 12 18 (Fallén, 1817) (1♂5♀) (3♂9♀) (4♂14♀) 7 Sarcophila meridionalis 3 ‒ 21 24 Rohdendorf and Verves, (2♂1♀) (12♂9♀) (14♂10♀) 1982 8 Wohlfahrtia balassogloi ‒ ‒ 1 1 (Portschinsky, 1881) (1♂) (1♂) 9 Helicophagella 1 ‒ 3 4 melanura (1♂) (3♀) (1♂3♀) (Meigen, 1826) 10 Discachaeta cucullans 1 ‒ ‒ 1 (Pandellé, 1896) (1♂) (1♂) 11 Heteronychia 4 ‒ 2 6 haemorrhoides (4♂) (2♂) (6♂) (Böttcher, 1913) 12 Heteronychia lacrymans 6 ‒ 2 8 (Villeneuve, 1912) (6♂) (2♂) (8♂) 13 Bercaea africa ‒ 7 ‒ 7 (Wiedemann, 1824) (7♂) (7♂) 14 Liosarcophaga parkeri 3 ‒ 1 4 (Rohdendorf, 1937) (2♂1♀) (1♂) (3♂1♀) 15 Sarcophaga lehmanni 2 ‒ ‒ 2 Müller, 1922 (1♂1♀) (1♂1♀) Sarcophagidae, sum 48 7 58 113 (26♂22♀) (7♂) (29♂29♀) (62♂51♀) Total, sum 151 88 231 470 (79♂72♀) (38♂50♀) (115♂116♀) (232♂238♀) 14 Jordan Journal of Natural History, 8, 2021

Discussion References According to the Povolný’s classification Kotenko, AG, Ermolenko VM and Sheshurak, (1963, 1971, 1976) of degrees of PN. 2009. Scolia‒Giant. In: Akimov, synanthropy, among the twenty collected IA. (Ed.). Red Book of Ukraine. species, two (10% of all species) are Animal Word. Globalconsulting, Kyiv, eusynanthropic (Lucilia sericata, Bercaea Ukraine, P. 227. africa), one (5%) ‒ is hemisynanthropic Makovetskaya, K. and Verves, Yu. 2018. First (Helicophagella melanura), ten (50%) records of Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, ‒ are culturophilous (Lucilia richardsi, 1819) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Belarus L. silvarum, Phyto melanocephala, with analysis of distribution of this species Senotainia albifrons, S. conica, Sarcophila in Europe. Dipteron, 34: 60‒67. latifrons, S. meridionalis, Heteronychia Povolný, D. 1963. Einige Erwägungen über die haemorrhoides, Liosarcophaga parkeri, Beziehungen zwischen den Begriffen Sarcophaga lehmanni), and seven (35%) “Synanthrop” und “Kulturfolger”. ‒ are culturophobic (Paykullia maculata, Beiträge zur Entomologie, 13: 499‒544. Senotainia deserta, Pterella convergens, P. melanura, Wohlfahrtia balassogloi, Povolný, D. 1971. Synanthropy of flies. In: Discachaeta cucullans, Heteronychia Greenberg, B. (Ed.). Flies and Disease. lacrymans). Thus, even an insignificant Vol. 1. Princeton University Press. area in a cultural zone with a moderate Princeton, New Jersey, USA, Pp. 17‒54. anthropogenic load can serve as a refugium Povolný, D. 1976. Zoocenological for native species. For example, an adult relationships of the synusiae of solitary wasp Megasacolia maculata (Drury, synanthropic and non‒ synanthropic 1773) (Hymenoptera: Scoliidae) (Figure 4), species of the Sarcophaginae (Diptera) which is listed in the Red Book of Ukraine in Central Europe. Journal of Society (Kotenko et al., 2009), was collected by of Biology, 37: 836‒840. the researchers in this locality. Based on these results, the overall species’ lists of Povolný, D and Verves, YuG. 1997. The these three families for the Kherson Region flesh–flies of Central Europe (Insecta, represent, at least 80% (eighty-eight species) Diptera, Sarcophagidae). Spixiana, of the potential full list for sarcophagids, Suppl 24: 1–264. 50–60% (twenty species) for calliphorids, Richet, R, Verves, YG, Whitmore, D and no more than 20–30% (four species) for and Pape, T. 2013. Revision of rhinophorids. Taxigramma pseudaperta Séguy, 1941 and comparisons with sympatric Acknowledgements T. multipunctata (Rondani, 1859) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). Zootaxa The research leading to this publication (3731, 4): 520–532. received funding from “The support of Szpila, K and Verves, Yu. 2008. Pollenia the priority research areas development bulgarica (Jacentkovský, 1939) – first of Ukraine, KPKVK 6541230”. The record from Ukraine, with faunistic researchers are especially grateful to Dr. Igor notes on other blowflies in the Askania V. Goncharenko (Institute for Evolutionary Nova Biosphere Reserve (Diptera, Ecology) for the identification of the plants Calliphoridae). Fragmenta faunistica, and to the anonymous reviewers for their 51 (2): 143–146. careful analysis of this work. Valentyuk, EI. 1971. The first stage larvae of species from the genus Wohlfahrtia B. & B., 1889 (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) Yuri G. Verves et al. 15

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