Fauna of New Zealand

Dear, J. P. 1985: Calliphoridae (Insecta: Diptera). Fauna of New Zealand 8, 88 pp. Eioia Aisoy Gou Memes a Eomoogy iisio eame o Scieiic a Iusia eseac Mou Ae eseac Cee iae ag Aucka ew eaa

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Waaceie Aima eseac Cee, Miisy o Agicuue a iseies, iae ag, Ue u, ew eaa oisiece Calliphora quadrimaculata esemes oe emisee memes o is geus a ye is coie o ew eaa I eiomises e iogeogaica comeiies o e suegio Artist: D. W. Helmore. Caaoguig-i-uicaio ciaio EA ames Caioiae (Iseca iea / ames ea - Weigo SI 195 (aua o ew eaa ISS 111-533; 7 IS -77-7- I ie II Seies UC 595773

Date of publication: see back cover of Number 9

Suggese om o ciaio ea 195 Caioiae (Iseca iea Fauna of New Zealand [number] 8.

is uicaio was ouce y ose iogay e auos e was suie as yesci a ae eiig was keyoae o o a wo ocesso Sye coig was ae a e e iiie e was ooyese a e Goeme iig Oice imes ew oma ye is use o mos o e e; mao eaigs a igue aes ae se i Uies; Gaamo a Geea ae use i e ies e Eioia Aisoy Gou a e Seies Eio ackowege e oowig co-oeaio DSIR, Mt Albert Research Centre: M W emoe - isec aius awigs igue aeig Ms S owey - wo ocesso iu M M Iwi - ooeucio o ie igues Ms A Wea - comue oeaio a ie maageme Science Information Publishing Centre, DSIR: awco - sye coig a ooyeseig

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o coe e isec eice is Calliphora quadrimaculata (Sweeus emae

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uise y Sciece Iomaio uisig Cee SI O o 971 Weigo ew eaa ASAC ew eaas Caioiae ae eise Keys ae gie o geea a secies a caaces o iagosic a sysemaic imoace ae iusae A aa ae uy escie a (wee kow eeece is mae o ei ioogy e 7 geea icue coai 5 secies o wic 31 — 7 i Pollenia a i Xenocalliphora — ae ew Huttonophasia Cua 197 is syoymise ue geus Pollenia oi- eau-esoiy 13 Pollenia demissa a minor Maoc 193 is asoe io P. demissa (uo 191 Calliphora rufipalpis Macqua 151 ecomes a uio syoym o Xenocalliphora hortona (Wake 19 wo ew comiaios ae oose Gymnophania pernix uo 191 is asee o Pollenia, a Cal- liphora flavipes am 199 is moe io Xenocalliphora. ee ames — Pollenia atrifemur Maoc 193 Pollenia demissa a cuprea Maoc 193 a Calli- phora nothocalliphoralis Mie 1939 — ae cosiee o e o uceai ieiy ecoyes ae esigae o 1 omia secies Calliphora hilli ao 195; Calliphora dasyphthalma e Guiou 1 (a Macqua 13; Pollenia auro- notata Macqua 155; Sepimentum fumosum uo 191; Calliphora antipodea uo 19; Calliphora eudypti uo 19; Calliphora rufipalpis Macqua 151; a Calliphora aureopunctata Macqua 155 Secios y coiuig auos coe ee oics immaue sages a ie isoy (A ooway; y sike (ACG ea; a eaig (iam Sig A oe y K oges eos e occuece o wo Pollenia secies i e uis-gou aaey ecey iouce om e oe emisee

CECKIS O AA (oe e may ames i syoymy ae ise i e aoomic Ie age age Suamiy CAIOIAE 1 fumosa (uo 191 39 Geus Calliphora oieau-esoiy 13 1 hispida ew secies 39 hilli ao 195 immanis ew secies quadrimaculata (Sweeus 177 3 insularis ew secies stygia (aicius 171 lativertex ew secies 1 vicina oieau-esoiy 13 limpida ew secies 1 Geus Hemipyrellia owse 191 7 nigripalpis ew secies 1 ligurriens (Wieema 13 7 nigripes Maoc 193 Geus Lucilia oieau-esoiy 13 7 nigrisquama Maoc 193 cuprina (Wieema 13 7 notialis ew secies 3 sericata (Meige 1 7 opalina ew secies 3 Geus Pollenia oieau-esoiy 13 oreia ew secies 3 advena ew secies 3 pernix (uo 191 ew aerosa ew secies 33 comiaio antipodea ew secies 3 primaeva ew secies astrictifrons ew secies 3 pulverea ew secies 5 atricoma ew secies 3 sandaraca ew secies 5 commensurata ew secies 35 scalena ew secies consanguinea ew secies 35 uniseta ew secies consectata ew secies 35 ew eaa Pollenia o uceai ieiy demissa (uo 191 3 wo oacic secies o Pollenia ecey dysaethria ew secies 37 iouce o ew eaa (oe y K dyscheres ew secies 37 oges 7 enetera ew secies 3 Geus Ptilonesia ei 197 7 eurybregma ew secies 3 auronotata (Macqua 155 7 fulviantenna ew secies 3

—— Genus Xenocalliphora Malloch, 1924 48 This work was originally conceived as a straight- antipodea (Hutton, 1902) 49 forward systematic revision for publication as a clara new species 50 journal paper. I welcome the opportunity to have divaricata new species 51 it remodelled as a Fauna contribution, and am eudyptis (Hutton, 1902) 51 indebted to the authors of the new text sections for flavipes (Lamb, 1909) new their willingness to contribute. Adrian Pont has combination 52 kindly acted on my behalf to see the publication hortona (Walker, 1849) 53 through its processing stages into print, and with neozealandica (Murray, 1954) 54 Beverley Holloway has read the MS. and proofs; solitaria new species 55 their help has been of exceptional value. vetusta new species 56 viridiventris Malloch, 1930 56 "Calliphora nothocalliphoralis" Miller 56 IOUCIO Subfamily CHRYSOMYINAE 57 The dipteran family Calliphoridae, to which belong Genus Chrysomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 57 the familiar blowflies, bluebottles, and greenbot- megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) 57 tles, is represented in New Zealand by 52 species. rufifacies (Macquart, 1843) 58 These are contained in 2 subfamilies comprising 7 genera. Six of the genera — Calliphora, Hemipy- rellia, Lucilia, Pollenia, Ptilonesia, and Xenocalli- COES phora — belong to the subfamily Calliphorinae. The Page seventh, Chrysomya, belongs to the Chrysomyinae, Acknowledgments 7 a group represented here by only two species. Two Introduction 7 other subfamilies, the Ameniinae and Rhiniinae, Genus Calliphora 8 have been recorded from New Zealand by early Genus Hemipyrellia 9 workers, but these records are based on erroneous Genus Lucilia 9 locality data (see Miller 1950, pp. 138, 139, and Genus Pollenia 9 142). Genus Ptilonesia 10 In general appearance the New Zealand species Genus Xenocalliphora 11 of Calliphoridae are very much like the other Genus Chrysomya 11 members of this large and cosmopolitan family, Immature stages of New Zealand Calliphor- which are mostly stout, large to moderate in size, idae, by B. A. Holloway 12 and often metallic in appearance, at least on the Fly-strike in New Zealand, by A. C. G. Heath 15 abdomen. They can be distinguished from all other Rearing Calliphoridae, by Pritam Singh 19 calyptrate flies in New Zealand by the presence of Text conventions: abbreviations 21 a row of hypopleural setae, an undeveloped post- Key to genera of Calliphoridae known scutellum, and a haired propleuron (if the propleu- from New Zealand 21 ron is bare then the outer posthumeral sets is Descriptions (see Checklist of taxa) 21 absent). However, in structural details some of the References 59 species differ from the normal calliphorid pattern. Illustrations 62 These anomalies are discussed below under the Taxonomic index 82 genera Pollenia, Ptilonesia, and Xenocalliphora. There is a long history of work on New Zealand's calliphorids. The first species was described by ACKOWEGMES Swederus (1787) from material collected during I am very grateful to the following colleagues who Cook's first voyage to New Zealand. By the early have lent me material for study from the collec- twentieth century a few species had been described tions in their care: Dr R. J. Gagné (USNM); Dr R. by European workers such as Macquart and Walker, A. Harrison (LCNZ); Dr B. A. Holloway (NZAC); and Hutton had recognised species endemic to the Dr R. Contreras-Lichtenberg (NHMW); Dr L. offshore islands. Subsequent workers such as Mal- yeog (MK; Μ Maie (M; K loch (1924, 1927, 1930), Miller (1939b), and Mur- R. Norris (ANIC); and Mr R. A. Savill (CMNZ). ray (1954) continued to describe new species, and I am also grateful to Mr Adrian Pont (BMNH) and in general they had a good eye for valid species, Loic Matile for their help with historical facts about although they often confused the nomenclature the Bigot and Macquart collections, and to Roy because of the inaccessibility of much type material Harrison for the useful suggestions he supplied in European museums at that time. Miller (1939b, while the work was in progress. p. 11) gave a very interesting account of the history

– – of blowflies in New Zealand, including their sig- J.S. Pollack in 1838 mentions a "gad fly" or oestrus nificance in Maori lore. Harrison (1976, p. 147) has depositing larvae on meat (see Miller 1939b, p. 61); given a useful revision of the species from the this may refer to a golden blowfly. Hennig (1966, southern islands. p. 10) accepts a passive dispersal from Australia in Calliphorids are generally ubiquitous. They fly recent geological time, saying that man may not mainly by day, though a number of specimens I have been the agent. have examined were collected at light traps. Most The two golden blowflies C. hilli and C. stygia species of Pollenia appear to be restricted to higher have been confused taxonomically by most authors. altitudes, whereas Ptilonesia and Xenocalliphora are Hutton (1901, p. 64) mentions neither of them in often found at the seashore. Adults are often his New Zealand synopsis. Malloch, in his Aust- attracted to sweet liquids, and can be collected at ralian paper (1927, p. 309), discusses the confusion, flowers, where they feed on nectar. They also feed keys the flies successfully, and also mentions that on the liquid products of organic decomposition, he has females of hilli from New Zealand, but he which provide the proteins essential to the female does not refer to them in his New Zealand work for egg maturation. Most species breed in carrion, (1930, p. 313). Hardy (1937, p. 21) gives a rather but Pollenia may parasitise earthworms as it does confusing list of species and synonymies, including in other geographical regions. Some of the species the names hilli, laemica, miller, rufipes, and stygia. of Calliphora, Chrysomya, and Lucilia are of sig- He does not mention stygia as occurring in New nificant veterinary importance, causing the cuta- Zealand, but gives laemica and miller as the two neous myiasis of livestock known as y strike', but golden blowflies of New Zealand. He alludes to his the life history details of most New Zealand Cal- new species milleri as the common New Zealand liphoridae are unknown. blowfly, and gives hilli as a synonym of rufipes This revision is based on almost 1400 speci- (milleri is here referred to hilli). Miller (1939b, pp. mens, from numerous sources. Virtually all type 30 and 32) and Murray (1954, p. 719) both refer material has been examined. to hilli, as recognised here, as rufipes and to stygia as laemica. The name rufipes has in the past caused Geus Cllphr great confusion, as Macquart described both a The genus Calliphora in New Zealand contains four Ρlln rfp and a Calliphora rufipes, and both species, two introduced from Australia and one names have been applied to blowflies in New from Europe, and the fourth endemic. The Aust- Zealand. Dr K.R. Norris (pers. comm.) has studied ralian species, Calliphora stygia and C. hilli, are the type specimens of these species in conjunction two of the well known golden blowflies, or golden- with his work on Australian blowflies, and has haired blowflies. The first record of their appear- found that the syntypes of P. rufipes are Calliphora ance in New Zealand dates from 1841, when Dr stygia and that the holotype of C. rufipes is an Aus- A. Sinclair collected specimens of both (used in the tro-Oriental Calliphora species. Kurahashi (1971,

type series of laemica White) in the Bay of Islands. p. 158) placed C. stygia in his subgenus Neocalli- In 1845 he made further collections of both spe- (see below) and referred to C. hilli as C.-phora cies, and these are preserved in the BMNH collec- (Paracalliphora) rufipes ssp. milleri, but I can find tions. Colonel Bolton collected stygia in 1845 at no justification for subspecific status for this species. the Auckland Islands. French expeditions visited Calliphora quadrimaculata is an endemic species New Zealand in 1824, 1827, and 1831, but when of striking appearance, being large, robust, and in Paris (MNHN) I found no golden blowflies col- metallic. It is mentioned in Maori folklore, and was lected on these expeditions. In his narrative of recorded y all the early authors, having been Cook's first voyage, Hawkesworth refers to "flesh described by Swederus from material collected by flies" being like those of Europe (see Miller 1939b, Banks during Cook's first voyage. Malloch (1930, p. 58); this probably refers to the endemic species, p. 316) unaccountably referred to this species as which has the appearance of European blowflies. Calliphora sacra (Fabricius). Kurahashi (1971, p. Joseph Banks collected this species during Cook's 155) placed this species in his subgenus Neocalli- voyage of 1768, and would surely have taken a phora along with five others, of which I find that golden blowfly had he seen one (he did while in only two, namely C. nigrithorax from Tasmania Australia). During this voyage Cook was mapping and C. ochracea from Australia, are closely related the North and South islands, and Banks went ashore to quadrimaculata. These three species constitute at every opportunity. It seems unlikely, then, that a distinct group, and are probably living examples golden blowflies were in New Zealand at that time; of something near to the ancestral stock of present- or at best they were present only in very small day Calliphora species. They have in common numbers. It seems most probable that they were densely haired eyes, holoptic head in the male, very introduced from Australia between 1779 and 1841. large thoracic spiracles, unicolorous undusted

8 abdomen, and curved paralobes in the male geni- Geus l talia. Calliphora testaceifacies is closely related to The genus Lucilia is represented here by the well this group, but in having bare eyes and a dusted known, cosmopolitan sheep blowfly L. sericata fifth tergite is reminiscent of the Australian Calli- Meigen, which was first recorded from New Zealand phora robusta group. It may be a relatively recent in 1872 by Hutton (1901, p. 63). Miller (1939b, p. offshoot from the ancestral line of the numerous 52) gave a key to three species, one sericata and species of the robusta group found in Australia the others called simply "A" and "B". His species today. B can be eliminated as it obviously did not origi- Similarly, C t is closely related to the nigri- nate in New Zealand, having a yellow third tergite; thorax - ochracea group but has a golden-dusted it fits the description of, and most likely is, the abdomen, sparsely haired eyes, and straight para- Australian species Hemipyrellia fergusoni Patton. lobes. The thoracic spiracles are very large, and this Miller separates his species A from sericata using is a characteristic feature of the ancestral group; a poorly diagnostic colour character, but his geni- enlargement is found to some degree in other golden talia drawings show quite marked differences. blowfly species, but less strikingly so. It is probable However, these may be artefacts due to distortion that t is still quite close in its characters to the during slide mounting and to over-clearing of the ancestral stock, and marks the first step in a mor- aedeagus. I have not found a second species in the phological progression to the numerous golden material I have examined. Material recently blowfly species found in Australia today. received from New Zealand airport authorities C. quadrimaculata has been geographically and included a specimen of the tropical species L. genetically isolated in New Zealand, and may form cuprina Wiedemann. This is unlikely to become the stock for future speciation. Indeed, on Camp- established in New Zealand, but I have included it bell Island and the Auckland Islands it differs from in the key on p. 27 for the benefit of those iden- the mainland form in having the abdomen blue- tifying insects found in imported cargo. green and metallic rather than violet. This subant- arctic form was described by Hutton (1904, p. 155) Geus lln as a distinct species, but I do not believe that it deserves this status. However, speciation appears Pollenia has previously been considered a predom- to be rapid in the New Zealand subregion, with its inantly Palearctic genus, with one or two migrant many islands. species reaching North Africa, America, and north- Calliphora vicina, accidentally introduced from western India. It is now clear that this is erroneous, Europe, was first recorded in New Zealand by G.V. and that Pollenia is substantially represented in the Hudson in 1889, but under the name C vomitoria, Southern Hemisphere. Many species await descrip- a misidentification. This species has now reached tion from southern Australia, and new species are all geographical regions of the world, most prob- described here from New Zealand. ably dispersed passively by human agency in the Apart from two recent introductions from the days of sail. Northern Hemisphere, all New Zealand species are endemic. Pollenia is by far the largest — as well Geus prll as the least known — genus of Calliphoridae in this country. This genus is very closely allied to l and may A few members of the tribe Polleniini were at some time be considered synonymous. Like described from the Oriental and Austro-Oriental l Hemipyrellia species breed in decaying regions by early authors such as Francis Walker, animal matter, but adults are attracted to sweet- but these have subsequently been transferred to smelling substances. other genera within the Calliphorinae and Rhini- In material received from Lincoln College I found inae. No Polleniini have been recorded from the a single specimen of Hemipyrellia ligurriens (Wie- Afrotropical and Neotropical regions. In North demann), possibly incorrectly labelled. As with America the tribe is represented by two introduced Chrysomya megacephala, this species is tropical and species and the genus Melanodexia Williston, which would probably not become established in New is confined to river gullies in California and Idaho. eaa u Ι ae ieiie i amogs maeia There are, then, four distinct geographical groups collected at airports in New Zealand. The genus of Polleniini: Palearctic Pollenia (30 + species); has been included in the key so that it may be iden- Nearctic Melanodexia (8 + species); Oriental and tified should it turn up in imported cargo. Austro-Oriental Pollenia (8 + species, including Xanthotryxus); and the Australian and New Zealand Pollenia (60 + species, including Anthracomyia). — s Basic external and genital morphology is identical

i e ou gous ea sae (igue 1 a e gou I sucue o e aeeagus ey ae ie- ae oseum a oeuo i aicua is- ica wi e ew eaa secies iguisig em om oe Caioiae e I woeeaey eose e iew o Miáyi Oiea - Ausaasia geus Polleniopsis ows- (197 coceig e ugaia Pollenia secies e as a Pollenia-like ea u a aie oeu- "Pollenia is e mos iicu geus o e Cai- o a oseum so aiaous oiosio oiae" I ae eeiece cosieae ii- a Onesia-like aeeagus cuy i oucig useu aoomic cocusios o e quesio o oigis a yogeeic ea- e oems ecouee wie eaig a key o iosis o e oeiii wii e Caioiae e ew eaa secies o Pollenia, as wi e is eseciay iicu a is eaie esouio is aeacic secies ese oems ae aise ousie e scoe o is suy owee e eis- mosy ecause o iaseciic aiaiiy e ece o a age ume o ey simia secies ii- geea simiaiy o e secies as egas eea caes a e oeiii ae a comaaiey ece mooogy a e eaie auciy o maeia gou ossiy oigiaig i a isesig om aaiae Aoug iaseciic aiaiiy as ee e aeacic egio I is ikey a is isesa accoue o i e key e igues o e mae ook ace acoss e eig a-ige a aog geiaia sou aways e use o coim a e isa cais o Sou-wes Asia o Ausaia ieiicaio a ew eaa Waee ei oigi oce A seaae key o emaes as ee gie a esaise e gous wou ae ee isoae y agai aiaiiy as ee accoue o u as cages i sea ee uig eisocee iegacias moe maeia ecomes aaiae is key may a e os-eisocee eio a ai secia- oe usaisacoy Ece wee I ae a ei- io aaey ook ace i e moe emeae ay associae sees e emaes ae o ee aeas e isic Oiea a Auso-Oiea assige o secies u e uame a isea gou cosiss o e ew secies a wee ae o eee o as "secies a" o "secies q". aa o a suoica cimae uo (191 was e is o escie ay ew I asic sucue a geea aeaace e eaa Pollenia secies u ace is ew se- ew eaa Pollenia secies eseme e cies demissum a fumosum i e geus Sepi- aeacic eeseaies wi oy a ew mio mentum. Maoc (19 syoymise is geus ieeces a I ega e wo gous as coge- wi Pollenia a cosiee uos wo secies eic ew eaa Pollenia o o ae e acia o e coseciic I a suseque ae (193 caia a is ese i mos aeacic secies uise ae eamiaio o moe maeia o suc og cike oacic gou seuae I Maoc eese is oiio a esoe em as some o em e aome is meaic ue o gee isic secies e aso escie ee ew se- wiou isic usig a oe wi ae gou cies a wo ew aieies o demissa; ese ae coou o e oa ae iscusse ue P. demissa ( 3 A ew aeacic secies ace y some auos Aoug uay aou e aiiy o e i a seaae geus Nitellia oieau-esoiy geeic caaces o Huttonophasia as isic om ae soe gou seuae a a uuse Pollenia, Maoc (193 cosiee i a goo geus meaic ack aome ese ae muc moe I cosie i o e syoymous wi Pollenia, as I simia o e ew eaa secies a ey ae ca i o caaces imoa eoug o wa- o e es o e aeacic Pollenia (e rudis-group; a is isicio (see emaks ue P. pernix). see oe o 7 wic ae og cike goe oacic aiig a e aome esey use Geus tln a oiaceous e mae geiaia o e ew Ptilonesia is a ey uusua caioi geus ou eaa a aeacic secies ae o ey simia oy i ew eaa a wo ocaiies i Ausa- cosucio u uike ay o e ew eaa ia I is mooyic a i geea aeaace is secies e rudis-group as a sogy sceoise ey Onesia-like, wi wie aaacias a ows o o e asa a o e yoaus I e a e eyes euce I is aso emiisce o e Nitellia-group e magia sies ae coie o eemic ew eaa geus Xenocalliphora, a e osa oio o e yoaus a e owe was ace as a sugeus o i y Kuaasi (1971 oio is o ouce owas io a sie-ike I ee o kee Ptilonesia as a isic geus o oecio as i may o e ew eaa secies e asis o is ack o ocea a sueio oia e aeeagus o Melanodexia esemes a o e seae moiicaios o e i egie aiig o Nitellia-group u as a oae ue aa- e aaaciaia a squamae acia sae a mae aus geiaia e simiaiy o e eooica geus e Ausaia secies ae geeay ake a Toxotarsus I eiee o e ue o coegece oe ae e oacic aiig yica o e rudis- ae a a iicaio o ay yogeeic ea-

-1 - iosi ecause o geea ae seasoe ies mya, Cyanus, Onesiomima, a Abago. is I i Mie (1939 says a e sige secies o Pti- ouu a ee o cosie Xenocalliphora as lonesia ees i ecayig seawee is may e a a oay isoae gou a is ow ou oy i misake oseaio a i may e a e ies e ew eaa suegio u wic eies ui- wee eeig i ea aimas age i e sea- maey om e commo aceso o e Calli- wee masses phora-group. Ousie ew eaa Ptilonesia is aaey Maoc (193 keye ou secies coecy usig esice o eaces o a sou o Syey e ame Xenocalliphora a esciig oe se- eas a a Seao i icoia (K ois cies as ew Mie (1939 use Calliphora o a es comm e quesio aises as o wee is is owy secies icuig ie Xenocalliphora isuc a oca isiuio eeses a io- secies wo o wic e escie as ew Muay ucio o is a eic o a eiousy wie isi- (195 gae a ey goo key o a e secies o uio Ioucio o oaig masses o seawee Calliphora kow o occu i ew eaa; is is uikey as ocea cues u away om Aus- icue si secies o Xenocalliphora, oe o wic aia ougou e yea a eaiig wis e escie as ew Kuaasi (1971 icue ie ow eie owas ew eaa o owas secies i is key o Xenocalliphora u i o see aog e ease coas o Ausaia e oe os- secimes o mos o e secies aiso (197 siiiy is o isesa y oas aeig ewee gae a key o Calliphora secies wic icue ew eaa a Ausaia u i is sage a ie Xenocalliphora secies I geea aequae oce esaise e iiiua cooies i o keys ae ee gie o e kow secies u i isese aiy as is usua wi oe seasoe may isaces e omecaue is icoec iea I seems mos ikey eeoe a e ames eig couse a assige o e wog Ausaia ouaios ae a eic o a eiousy secies Misieiicaios ae iscusse ue e wie isiuio eea secies

Geus nllphr Gn Chr is geus is eemic a coais e secies is geus is eesee i ew eaa y C. ou o wic ae escie ee as ew ee se- rufifacies (Macqua wic ike oe Chrysomya cies occu o e mai isas u e emaiig secies is a oica o suoica owy ao- see ae esice o osoe isas ig e ecoogica oe o Lucilia i emeae Xenocalliphora is emiisce o Onesia a Pti- egios I is owee uusua i eig ae o lonesia i geea aius aig icoic maes ee is geogaica age o wam emeae wie ows a aaaciaia a i eig aia- egios (c C. albiceps i soue Euoe e ous e secies ca e iie io wo isic mae geiaia (igue 19 ae o yica o e gous wic owee ae o isiguisae y Cysomyiae a e aa is uusua i aig ei geea aeaace e is gou as wo esy oueaces o e segmes (see igue oseio ia seae o pd seae o e oe iia a 11 a aeeagus wi a iucae aes a is cue e eaies ecoe occuece o rufifacies i o is eie eg (igues 9 a 1 e ew eaa is 1911 (Mie 1939 5 a seco gou as oe oseio ia sea a pd sea secimes i M Maoc (193 315 ees o e oe iia a a o-iucae aeeagus a o is secies as Chrysomya albiceps (Wiee- is oa a cue a e i (igues 9 a 9 ma wi wic i may e coseciic (see um e is gou is esice o e o Isa 195 19 oe Sou Isa a cea osoe isas I ae ecey eceie om e Commo- a e seco is ou oy i e soue isas wea Isiue o Eomoogy wo sames o — a isiuio suggesig sise-gou saus Chrysomya megacephala (aicius ou aoa Uouaey eig (19 oes o meio is aica aiig i ew eaa om Ausaia I geus o ay o is secies i is wok aso ae a eco o is secies om oig ui e yogeeic eaiosis o Xenocalli- a Sigso MC (ossiy icoecy aee; phora wii e Caioiae ae o cea Kua- A aiso es comm is secies is oica asi (1971 suggess a e geus is eie om a is uikey o ecome esaise i ew e same acesa sock as e o Calliphora-group eaa u I ae icue i i a key ( 57 so u as eoe i a way ieig om moe a i ca e ieiie sou i u u i sea- Calliphora. Ceaiy i is o sikig aeaace os o a aios we comae wi oe geea om e Sou- e emisee Kuaasi aso suggess a i as aiiies wi some oacic geea suc as Cyno- _"— IMMAUE SAGES ae o seciaiss suyig e aiiies o ew O EW EAA CAIOIAE eaa Caioiae Maeias a eciques Coiue y Β. A. ooway e maeia suie icuig associae aus is i e oesic a geea coecios o e ew Α comeesie sysemaic wok o ew eaa Aoo Coecio (AC e y eaas Caioiae wou icue a susa- Eomoogy iisio SI Aucka Mos o ia secio o e mooogy a ioogy o e e secimes wee oaie ewee 191 a immaue ie sages ack o maeia o e eay 193 uig a suy o e aua associae wi sages o e may eemic secies o owies uma coses i Aucka (Smeeo et al. 19 ecues suc a eame i is coiuio e ey wee coece y s W M I Smeeo a mos a ca e oee ae sime keys a so Koemeye seio ecues i oesic me- esciios a wi eae e use o ecogise icie a e Scoo o Meicie Uiesiy o eac o e ee aa isas a o ieiy o Aucka om coses wic ecause o e secies e i-isa aae o e si commo- cicumsaces o ea wee eceie o os- es caiois o ua a ua aeas moem eamiaio a e Aucka Ciy ie o ese secies ae o oe emi- Mouay see a Ausaia oigi ei aae ae e e caaces use o ieiicaio ae mos cosicuous maggos a may e see eeig o easiy see i uy eee secimes wic ae ea aimas a ae eie imay o secoay ee kie y ie immesio i amos oiig iaes i see sike (see ea 195 15 wae esy kie secimes ca eie e ie e immaue sages o some o em may aso e i EA souio (1 a eoeum ee 7-1 as iscoee isie mea ies amuges a simi- 95 eao as gacia aceic aci o ace a mea-ase oos a ae ee eose o egg- iecy i 7 eao o eamie e sucues ayig au emaes use i e keys i is o ecessay o cea o sie- e si secies is e age eemic ueoe mou e aae ey ca e iewe aequaey Calliphora quadrimaculata. Aoug is aae i a is o eao ue a seeomicoscoe a a equey occu o ea aimas ey ae aso ae magiicaio o aou ×5 o eac mauiy wiou eeig o caio O e iusaios wee mae wi e ai o a a ece coecig i ase a uas u i e camea ucia Sucues a ae o oious a oe aaua age (W-WA; aiue 15 ow magiicaios a wic ae o ee use m I ou a maue aa a umeous uaia i e key — eg e eisiacua ises asso- — om wic aus susequey emege — ciae wi e oseio siacua sis -- ae aou cm eow e suace i giy soi su- omie om e awigs Measuemes wee ouig cums o e oa-eae sow ussock ake om uy eee aae Chionochloa flavescens. e mos ikey souce o aa oo was e ee we aye o emeig Mooogy a emioogy ea seas i e ase o is secies o ussock e oy o a owy maggo (igues 115 a Uike au caiois wic ae easiy ecog- 11 cosiss o a ea ee oacic segmes ise as ueoes geeoes a goe-aie (T1-T3), a eig aomia segmes (A1-A8). owies mos aae -- ee o quie isay e ea is ey sma a is oe aiay eae secies — ook ey simia o e ake eace io e oacic segmes; i is ioe eye owee a ×5 magiicaio ue a seeo- a eas a ai o aeae a a ai o mai- micoscoe e isicie eaues o e ee a- ay as (igues 117-119 e mou oes o a isas ae ceay isceie a i is o e ea suace o e ea a as associae iicu o ieiy i-isa aae o secies wi i a ai o sogy sceoise mou ooks Caioi aae wic o o key ou o oe o a a aiay eeoe oa sceie (see igue e si commo secies oay eog o e 1 umeous oa gooes ae ese o e eemic aua I suicie ie secimes ae iegumea suace o eie sie o e mou aaiae some sou e esee a e e mou ooks ae a o a come ceao- emaie sou i ossie e eae o aus aygea skeeo wic is o easiy see i A we ocumee coecio o coecy asso- uceae secimes ciae aae a aus wou e immesey au- e is oacic segme o aae i e seco a i isas eas a ai o cosicuous oe Eomoogy iisio eame o Scieiic a aeio siaces (igues 11 a 119 is-isa Iusia eseac iae ag Aucka ew eaa aae ack oe siaces o is segme u ae

22_ isea a ai o miue siacua sis wic ae — Τ1 wi a ai o oe siaces; aey isceie ece ue a scaig eeco oseio siace wi a semicicua micoscoe (Kicig 197a e oy segmes o cicua eieme a o 3 is- ae seaae y aow sie as (igues 115- cee sis; eg 1 - 3 mm 119 wic ae aways we eeoe o e e- a suace u wic may e weak o ase o- oseio siace wi sis; eg say a aeay e sie sae aageme 3-9 mm isa a esiy o sies i e as o i-isa -- oseio siace wi 3 sis; eg aae ae imoa caaces o ieiyig i- -3 mm 3 isa ee secies e oseio e o e as aomia segme eas si ais o aiae (ig- ue 115 wic ae aage aoimaey i a ig I some secies aie aiae ae ese o e i oacic segme a a aomia segmes Key o i isa aae (igue 11 e aiae o e as aomia Α1-Α7 eac eaig seea ais o segme suou a ai o oseio siaces (ig- ige-ike aiae (ig 11; some ues 11 a 13-15 Eac siace cosiss o a sie as wi iucae- o iu- sessie cesceic o cicua eieme ecosig wo cae-ie sies osay o ee oiquey aage sis e ume o Chrysomya rufifacies sis a e sae o e eieme ae easiy is- — Α 1-Α 7 wiou aiae (ig 115; ie caaces om wic e iee aa oe o e sie as wi iu- isas ca e ieiie (igues 1-1 cae- o iucae-ie sies aious auos (eg Mie 1939 um 195 ae aace cosieae aoomic imoace osa a o sie a Α1/Α o e ume o oes i e aeio siaces a comisig maiy age sies wic e sie sae a oimiy o e oseio si- ae eey isiue i somewa aces o i-isa aae I e secies ea wi oique ows (ig 17 131 a 135 3 ee ese caaces ae oo aiae o e a- — osa a o sie a Α1/Α oomicay useu e mos eiae a easiy see comisig miue sies wic ae caaces o ieiyig ese secies occu i e ueey isiue i oke uu- oa sceie a i e sie as Iusaios o aig asese ows (ig 1 a e oseio siaces ae ee icue maiy 15 5 o sow ow muc ese sucues may ay i simia-sie secimes o e same secies (ig- 3 osomeia a o sie a ues 137 c 13 1 cf. 13 a 17 c 1 Α7/Α wi cose-se sies aage iagosic caaces o aae uiomy i aou 7 oique ows (ig 1 Calliphora hilli Caioi aae ca e isiguise om ose — osomeia a o sie a o Aomyiiae osoiiae aiiae Mus- Α7/Α wi wiey seaae sies ciae oiae Sacoagiae a Sciaoceiae aage ieguay i a mos wic may occuy simia ecoogica ices y e oique ows (ig 13 a 13 oowig comiaio o caace saes sie as ese osay o a eas some segmes; oseio siaces aways sessie (ee o saks Oa sceie so oce asay o mous o ocae isie a ee i ecice oie aicay (ig 13; sie y ais o cosicuous isoae aiae; ei- as coaiig ey age sies eme eeoe as a ig o cesce (ee i e (ig 131 a 13 om o a uiomy sceoise isc; sis saig Calliphora quadrimaculata (o coie o sogy e coegig owas — Oa sceie og cosicuousy ea miie o as aomia segme iucae asay ucae aicay (ig 13; sie as coaiig moeaey age sies (ig 135 a Key o aa isas 13 Calliphora stygia Τ1 wiou oe siaces; oseio siace wi a agmeay usuay 5 Oa sceie we eeoe (ig 139 cesceic eieme a aiay Calliphora vicina oie sis; eg 15-5 mm — Oa sceie esigia o ase (ig 1s isa 1 Lucilia sericata

esciie oes o secies a ewee ea a ΤΙ aou ; Τ1/Τ /Τ3 Τ3/Α1 7-9; Α1/Α Α/Α3 -; Α3/Α 3-; Α/Α5 Cllphr hll -5; Α5/Α -; Α/Α7 -5; Α7/Α - Aeio I-ISA AA Oa sceie (igue 1 siace wi -11 oes; oseio siace igues wi ae oie ase iucae Sie as o- 1 a 13 say wi ese eaiey age sime seies a ue iomaio o e mooogy o i- ae eey sace i somewa oique ows (ig- ery- ues 17 a 1 umes o sie ows i ici- isa aae is gie y Mie (1939; as C iy o osa miie as oows sie a ewee throcephala), Scuma (195 a um (195 ea a ΤΙ aou 1; Τ1 /Τ Τ/Τ3 Τ3/Α1 9- e egg as ee escie y um (195 a 11; Α1/Α 7-9; Α/Α3 5-7; Α3/Α o 3; Α/Α5 eay-isa aae ae escie y Scuma Α5/Α ; Α/Α7 o 1; Α7/Α - Aeio si- (195 a um (195 ace wi 9-11 oes; oseio siace igue 19 Mie (1939 escie e i-isa aa o Chr rff I-ISA AA (igue 11 Oa sceie is secies (as C. rufipes). esigia o ase Segmea aiae ey co- sicuous Sie as osay wi moeaey Cllphr drlt ese age scae-ike sies some wi iucae I-ISA AA Oa sceie (igue 13 o iucae is a ae eey isiue i sma wi ae oie ase oce Sie as somewa oique ows umes o sie ows i osay wi sase o moeaey cose-se sime iciiy o osa miie as oows sie a mosy ey age seies a ae eey sace i ewee ea a Τ1 9-11; Τ1/Τ -; Τ/Τ3 somewa oique ows (igues 131 a 13 5-; sie as iisiguisae osay o umes o sie ows i iciiy o osa mi- ΤΙ emaie o oy Aeio siace wi 9-11 ie as oows sie a ewee ea a oes; oseio siace wi a oa eieme 7-9; Τ1/Τ o 7; Τ/Τ3 -; Τ3/Α1 Α1/Α 5- Α/Α5 Α5/Α Aiioa iomaio o e mooogy o e 7; Α/Α3 5 o ; Α3/Α -; -; i-isa aa is aaiae i ue (193 a o 1; Α/Α7 1-3; Α 7/Α 3 o Aeio siace scaig eeco micogas o e egg a i- wi 11-1 oes; oseio siace igue 133 isa aa ae uise i Kicig (197 e e mooogy o e i-isa aa as ee mooogy o eay-isa aae as ee suie escie y Mie (1939; is aius awig y Oy & Mooouse (19 um (195 (igue icoecy sows e aa as aig cosiee e immaue sages o C. rufifacies o oy e os-ceaic segmes e iisiguisae om ose o C. albiceps Cllphr t (Wieema I-ISA AA Oa sceie (igue 13 wi ae ucae ase iucae Sie as l rt osay wi sase o moeaey ese eaiey I-ISA AA Oa sceie (igue 1 age sime sies a ae eey sace i some- esigia o ase Sie as osay wi mi- wa oique ows (igues 135 a 13 umes ue sime sies a ae ueey isiue i o sie ows i iciiy o osa miie as uuaig oke asese ows (igues 15 oows sie as ewee ea a Τ1 a a 1 umes o sie ows i iciiy o o- Τ1/Τ Τ/Τ3 Τ3/Α1 Α1/Α sa miie as oows sie a ewee ea 7 o ; -; 3-5; a Τ1 aou ; Τ1/Τ 5-7; Τ/Τ3 -; Τ3/Α1 Α/Α3 -; Α3/Α Α/Α5 -; Α5/Α Α/Α7 Α1/Α o 7; Α/Α3 5 o ; Α3/Α -; Α/Α5 o 1; Α7/Α - Aeio siace wi 9-1 oes; Α5/Α Α/Α7 ; Α7/Α -3 Aeio siace wi oseio siace igues 137 a 13 7-9 oes; oseio siace igues 17 a 1 Aiioa iomaio o e mooogy o e eaie esciios o aae o a ee isas i-isa aa is gie y ue (193 Mie ae ee gie y Scuma (195 a y um (1939; as C. laemica), a um (195 Oy (195 wo icues a esciio o e egg & Mooouse (19 ae escie e egg a eay-isa aae I am gaeu o W emoe ioogica ius- ao a Eomoogy iisio o eaig ig- Cllphr vn ues 115 a 11 I-ISA AA Oa sceie (igue 139 eeeces cie i is ie accou ae ise wi ae oie ase o iucae Sie as i e mai iiogay wic commeces o osay wi miue sime sies a ae aage ueey i uuaig oke as- 59 ese ows (igues 1 a 11 umes o sie ows i iciiy o osa miie as oows sie

4 YSIKE I EW EAA Aua eo o e eame o Agicuue ( 19- ee is some icosisecy o oi- Coiue y A. C. G. ea io owee coceig we e ies causig sike is came o uic oice (uo 191 Gi- Caioi ies ae ae o ee o a wie aiey u 197; e 17s ae mos equey cie i o aima a a susaces e aus ae eos I e is yeas o e weie ceuy sogy aace o moisue a ee maiy o e ies aaey wee esaise aiowie A swee susaces suc as eca a oeyew a ame wi a og memoy ecae a "maggo o e iqui oucs o ogaic ecomosiio ies ae ee ouesome o e as yeas" wic oie e oeis esseia o egg mau- (Mie 191 e oem was seee eoug y aio e immaue sages (aae o maggos ca e 19s o a suey o is eaece a is- eeo o aious susaes agig om kice iuio o e ueake (Mie 191 oa a aeca maeia o caio a iig ai- mas e aiiy o e aae o ceai geea o Secies ioe (Uess oewise iicae e Caioiae o aack iig aimas causes a co- aa esee ee a i suseque secios ae iio kow as myiasis om uuise oseaios a eeimes y e em myiasis is aie o a aicua moe A C G ea a equis Caiois o eeig y ieous aae o o i e oy ieiie om cases o y-sike i ew eaa o a iig eeae ese aae ee o e ae e eemic secies Calliphora quadrimaculata oss ea o iig issue iqui oy-susaces a Xenocalliphora hortona a e aeie C o igese oo a ae ae o comee — o a hilli, C. stygia (o ossiy se-iouce C. eas o a ceai eio coiue — ei oma vicina, Lucilia sericata, a Chrysomya rufifacies eeome i is mae (um 195 (e ee as-ame mos ikey iouce y A seciic ye o myiasis commoy kow as ma e secies mos commoy ioe i y- y-ow o y-sike is a eeia oem o sike i ew eaa ae C t a L. sericata. e ew eaa ame y-sike is a eesio Maeia coece oe e eio 197-19 om o e caio-eeig ai a is iiiae y oy 91 cases o y-sike sowe C t o e ese a ew secies; ese ae commoy cae imay i 59 o cases a L. sericata i 37 Chry- ies (Coess & McAie 197 Gai emaes somya rufifacies was ou i 55 o sikes a ae aace o ceai aeas o e sees oy Calliphora vicina i 11 I 17 o cases C sty- a may e simuae o eosi eggs o ie a- gia a L. sericata occue ogee i a sige y- ae ee sike esio Aoug e acua ooios ay eoe a sike ca e iiiae a ume o co- ese igues susaiae e iigs o eaie iios mus e me is a emae y mus e a auos (Mie 19 1939a; Macaae 191 a eas 3 ays o a ae a suicie oei o C t is e secies mos commoy ioe e eggs o ae eace a ceai sage i eeo- i y-sike y coas caces o ies om ie- me eoe se wi mae (Wee 195 Ai aie y-as sow ooios o e mai sike- 1979 Cysa 193 Susequey a ie cosisig y secies a o o coeso wi e o- o aequae caoyae wae a oei is oios om cases o y-sike Oe e eio ecessay eoe eggs ca maue uy (Wee 197-191 C t cosiue 177 o e oa 1957 aig eace e sage o u egg mau- cac o 191 ies om 17 as (1 i e o aio e emae y is simuae o ay eggs o Isa 3 i e Sou Isa weeas L. sericata eosi aae ue aoe cicumscie se o a C rufifacies accoue o 91 a 331 o coiios is e sie mus e mois i oe e cac eseciey a eggs o o ecome esiccae (og & Woo- u 19 I ac ies wi o ay eggs uess eaece A ume o sueys o ayig scae ei asi ae i coac wi wae (ao owe a comeiy ae iesigae e ee o e 19 I is aso eu i e cose oiosiio y-sike oem i ew eaa (Mie 191 sie eceies ow iumiaio (ao owe 1939a; Macaae 191; equis & Wig 197 195 asy e sie e emae cooses mus e e ages a mos comeesie suey (e- oeiaceous us oeig a oo suy o aae quis & Wig 197 iicae a ee was a aeage o 1 o e aioa ock aece y isoy e is oicia eco o y-sike as a y-sike eac yea wi ieeces y egio ag- oem i ew eaa aeas i e 19 ig om o 1 A suey i Maooug aoe (Macaae 191 aie a a igue o Waaceie Aima eseac Cee Miisy o Agi- eaece aoug u o 5 o sma ocks ae cuue a iseies iae ag Ue u ew ee aece i oe as o e couy a oe eaa imes ese igues iicae e ack o uiomiy

ume o mos 59 -59 -39 o same

owee ies wee oaye as eig acie i eaece o e imay sike-ies Calliphora stygia sig a summe wi y-sike mos commo (e ma a Lucilia sericata (ig ma ase o um- i sig a auum (Mie 191 1939a; Mac- e o mos uig Ocoe-Mac we a caces aae 191; Muay 195 eceee 5 ies e mo (mea o 3 seasos Moe ece esus om a suy o ies ae oe a 3-yea eio (197-191 ougou e i y-sike eaece a sow a ay aua o Isa a i as o e Sou Isa ae aeage mus ae a ieey age aiaiiy sow C. stygia a sericata o e mos au- is is uesaae we weae aes yea a a acie i eceme-euay (summe y yea ae ake io accou Smae umes wee caue i Seeme- Esimaes o wii-ock eas ue o y-sike eceme (sig a euay-May (ae sum- ae aso ariae agig u o i ogges me a auum I coas cases o y-sike "wee o cucig is oe" (Mie 19 ee cause y o secies wee mos eae i is some eiece o sugges a may moe see oeme a eceme A smae ume o ie o y-sike a is acuay aae aicu- sikes cause y ese secies occue i Mac ay o age oeies wee egua isecio a Ai I mus e ememee a ese aa o e ock is imacicae (ea et al. 193 ee o e aeage oe 3 yeas a a ee ae ieeces ewee isics a ewee yeas Seasoa aes ee ae isic seasoa is is o e eece cosieig a ee ae aes o i e auace a aciiy o ies aiaios i weae aes yea y yea as we as measue y aig a i e eaece o as aiaios i cimae ewee ocaiies y-sike I is iicu o iee aa om may I geea e moe ece iigs ae i agee- eaie eos i wic mos a seasos wee me wi ose o eaie wokes oy o e oi use iiscimiaey a icosisey I geea a C. stygia is moe eae a sericata i

-16- cases o y-sike i sig Oewise sericata uesoo I geea ies eosi eggs o aae was ae moe equey i sig a i o aeas o e sees oy wee esise we- auum ewee 197 a 191 uemoe o ig o e woo y uie swea o ai as is- C stygia a sericata wee eay equay e- ue e skis way aye aowig seum o esee i a caces i auum eue o aceia o gow I aiio oe oo- ieous maeias suc as aeces us oo o e Geogaica isiuio owies may e ou aceia ecomosiio oucs o ooo wi ougou ew eaa aoug ee is a cage aac a emae y wi a uge ee o ay eggs om o o sou i e ooio o eac se- Cicumsaia eiece ois o ams — see cies i ae sames a i cases o y-sike ess a 1 mos o — eas eig aacie Mie (1939a cocue a C t was e o ies o iee easos a ae oe see commoes y (as eae om cases o y-sike om 1 cases o y-sike ecoe ewee 197 i e o Isa I e Sou Isa C t a 19 77 o e aimas aece wee ams was ikewise e commoes y i may cases o ams ae moe equey y-suck aou e y-sike ece o e eas coas wee seri- oseio e (ai eieum cuc — eay cata eomiae I geea C t ecame o cases weeas au aimas ae aou equay ess commo as e aua mea emeaue iese o ese aeas o oe as o e oy ecame owe ie moig om o o sou geeay e ack o sie aa oaie ewee 197 a 191 om 17 ese ieeces may e eicae i ems o y-as (1 i e o Isa a 3 i e Sou woo ie esiy a eg ie o e aiiy o Isa sow a somewa iee icue (see uiise oo a aasiism o oe iseases e mas aoe C t aeas o e mos au- eece o oe aimas is ese a oge a a i e o o-eas a eas o e o a o ams ece ae seaig a wi o Isa a aso i e eso aea u ucommo suicie moisue o ecouage gow o mico- i aaaki a e cea o Isa seri- ogaisms a ece eece o aeca saiig cata is mos eae o e eas coas o e o cause y scouig is accee as a mao eis- Isa wi ockes o auace i Sou Auck- osig aco eaig o y-sike i ams a a e Kig Couy ese isiuios ca e eae ay o emeaue u ae ikey o aoogy ee ae umeous aoogica e iuece y aia as we aia aes eecs o y-sike is e oss ski is su- may eai e make wes-o-eas cage i ece o o mecaica a cemica aack y eaece o e ies a aicuay sericata. e maggos eeig aciiy e ski ecomes swoe iame a weeig — muc ike a eisosiio o y-sike We owy aae u ece e em sca e comiaio o ae eosie o ac om eggs ai i e am ui oss a eease o oic oucs io e ci- ak ecesses o a eece ey ae ace wi e cuaoy sysem is eece i a cage i oo ee o i oo is ca e ese i e om aamees suc as eesse aemogoi ees o oo om a wou o seum eue om a eeae wie ce umes (oameaow et ame ski wi sca o e aceia ecomo- al. 19 e ois aise om aceia iasio siio oucs causig eece o (Mei 19 o wous o oic oucs om e maggos Was & Mei 191 As e aae gow ey eie i ei saia o ecea e ski amage ecome ae o aack iig os issues y a com- is suc a woo ies eak o ca e ie easiy iaio o e eaig acio o ei mou-ooks a ceay om ei oices A ooge sike a e igesie oeies o ei saia (Gee- (as a cosequece o umeous sueimose oi- eg 1973 osiios ca esu i aae eeaig e Oce a acie esio (y-sike is esaise sueicia musce ayes a o occasio io e y e imay ies oe secies o ies (sue- oy caiy wi aa esus umeay o secoay may e aace o e I e iesaio as o ee age a ee is sie A eiay gou o ies e aae o wic o eiesaio o sueimose sikes e ski occu i eaig scas is aso ecogise (Mie wi ea oce e maggos eae e sie eaig 1939 Coess & McAie 197 is ieaci- akes aou 5-3 ays a ew woo gow ca cassiicaio is o igi owee; imay ies ecomes aae aou 1 ays ae is woo ae ee ou as secoay iaes a so- is aways soe a e suouig uouce cae eiay ies ae ee kow o iiiae y- aeas o eece ee may mos ae e iiia sike amage e ski om aimas saugee eoe e comiaio o acos a esus i a see eaig as occue wi sow eiece o maggo ecomig aacie o ies is si o comeey amage we ae

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Sig I aiio o sueig iec ski amage e o moe yeas esie e aaiaiiy o oe a iese see sas o ose is aeie wii e suosey og-esisig isecicies e mai is ous o a sike ecomig esaise o easo o e coiuig success o owies is a ue oo is eae wie e maggos ae ese cemica coo measues aec oy a sma o- We ey eae o uae oma aeie eus oio o e oa ouaio ee eig a age i aou 1 ays i ams a oe aou 3 ays o-aasiic eseoi o maggos I aiio i oe see e aoeia is accomaie y a aoug oays isecicies ae moe oe a eucio i ieweig aae om 3 o 5 ays i geea moe esise a ose i use eoe ae e sike as sae a amouig iay e Seco Wo Wa oe is caae o oi- o as muc as 55 kg e ime ake o egai e- ig oecio o see oe e eie eio o iesaio ieweig ca age u o ays u y aciiy uess eguay sace iigs ae ca- mos aece aimas e o emai ige a ie ou I is uikey a may ames wou uiese see coemae suc a couse o acio so ee wi Oe ikey eecs o y-sike ae e eace- aways e uoece see ueae o y-sike aio o ooo oug iesaio o e aece igis a imiise maig o amig eom- I am iee o equis wo oie ace ue o oss o igou ecica assisace uig coecio o aa a o A akus wo eae e e-igue Economies of fly-strike. e eaies esimae o e eeeces cie ee ae ise i e mai ecoomic oss aiuae o y-sike i ew iiogay wic commeces o 59 eaa (Mie 193 was equiae o aou $ 15 miio a yea i ese-ay ems Moe ecey equis & Wig (197 cacuae e oa aua cos o y-sike o e asis o 1- o e aioa ock eig aece o e $53 mi- io (i 19 oas os eauaio is amou was iie amog sock osses ($3 mi- io aou coss ($1 miio a eame coss ($7 miio u i o ake io accou e aue o oucio osses om aece ai- mas a suie e mos ece esimae o e cue cos o y-sike o e ew eaa see iusy is $1375 miio (ea et al. 193 is comises $5 miio i sock eas $ miio i woo osses a $75 miio o aou a maeias associae wi iig e as igue icues e cos o sige sauoy iig o a see ogee wi a aiioa eame o oe-i o e aioa ock is is ase o e equis & Wig (197 suey i wic 35 o ames wee ou o seciicay ea o y-sike i aiio o e sauoy iig I e oa cos o y-sike o esimae as ee mae o asso- ciae aig coss suc as cucig a aiioa seaig o as e caia cos o i- ig a a oe equime ee ake io cosieaio ue coss ca esu om eays i seig o sauge ams wic ae os weig owig o y-sike sice ices may a as e seaso ogesses ecause o e eioic ucuaios i e ea- ece o y-sike ue agey o yea-o-yea weae aiaios e coss wi aso ay yea y yea eeeess e isease emais oay amos as seee i ems o eaece a ecoomic imac as i as ee oe e as 1

g_ 8 EAIG CAIOIAE Τoo sa a cooy isecs ca e oaie om a we esaise aoaoy om a is am o Coiue y iam Sig om e ie Aus ca e ae i mea-aie cages o wi a e ea a saugeouse o sock- owies ae eaiey easy o ea ougou e yas o a am o ee i a ack gae Eggs yea i e aoaoy wi eaiey sime equi- ca e oaie usig ie ee o is-eas as me ey ae cosequey ee use as eei- oiosiio susaes Wicee ai is use i mea isecs i e suy o eaiou uiio is ossie a moe a oe secies wi e caug isio euoioogy ysioogy a oicoogy i e a a eeoe ecise ieiicaio o ey ae aso use as oos i oesic eomoogy e au wi e ecessay aicuay i esaisig e ime o ea Geeay ee eaig meos ae emoye (Smeeo et al. 19 a seciay eae maggos EAIG O AIMA ISSUE is meo is eas- ae occasioay emoye i e eame o su- ies a is ecommee o aoaoy cooisa- uaig wous a oseomyeiis owies ae io wee isecs ae equie o eseac aso commeciay ouce as a ai o ages uoses Aou aus ae suicie o o- o oiaio o geeouse cos o eaig o ie a coiuous suy o e aious ie sages aasies a as oo o caie is amii- o eeimea use Commecia oucio is a as a eies eesio o is meo a is oe o a age e ie cyce o owies is so a is simia scae weey ousas ae ouce aiy Mea i mos secies A emae oiosis i a meium ie o is is use as oo; e eaig emea- usuay caio oucig cuses o eggs wic ue is ke ig o as eeome a quick ac i ous ee ae ee aa isas uoe o e ie cyce ese meos ae eco- asig i oa aou ays aae ee o iqui- omica o oeae e issues wic ae ee issoe ay y oeoyic aceia a ay y eymes ey EAIG O AIICIA IE is meo is use secee emsees We maue e i-isa o uiioa suies e umes ioe usu- aa ceases eeig a waes away om e ay eig oy a ew ue Seea ies a oo suy o a suiae uaiaio sie — gee- ae ee comoue ae eiewe y Sig ay y a ue e ecomosig cacass o (1977 Oe successu ie is casei 1 g; yeas sigy away om i — aou 3 cm eow e soi eac 1 g; coeseo (issoe i 1 m eao suace I emies is gu acquies a eosis a g; McCoum-ais sas g; -cyseie 1 g; coacs o om a ae-sae uaium Wii aga 3 g; mou iiio m; a wae 15 is sucue e aa mous io a ua om m wic e au y emeges usuay wii weeks EAIG AEIC ISECS is ecique equies Au emaes ae a e-oiosiio eio asig amiiaiy wi aseic eciques a micoio- -7 ays a i a oa iesa o -3 weeks ay ogica ouies a ae o a usua a o eo- - eggs eeig o e secies A 5°C moogica aiig Aseic eaig is ueake o o mea e oa ie cyce om egg o egg akes ouce maggos equie o sugica use ui- -5 ays A sages ae iuece y emea- ioa suies a in vitro issue o oga cuues ue umiiy ooeio a e ye o oo eaig ca e oe eie o eie ies o aaiae kow comosiio o o seiise mea cick emyos o iges e meos ae come a Coice o eaig meo ae gie i Wie (1937 Geeeg (1973 a is ees o e uose o wic e secies Geeeg & Geoge (195 seece o eaig is equie a e umes ie sage a suy iea eee I is ecom- ioomics mee a owies e eae i a we ei- O e oe o so secies geeay ecogise as ae oom eeay ie wi a eaus a owies i ew eaa e Euoea geeo- o iscage e ou sme ousie e uiig e e (Lucilia sericata) a e Euoea ueoe oom sou e maiaie a 5-°C 5- (Calliphora vicina) ae commo eames a may eaie umiiy a a 1-ou igak cyce e eae easiy a aou wic a goo ea is I sou e ie wi a oo scee o ee kow e ioomics o ese wo secies eae e ey o wi ies om ousie o ee ie1 a°C a7± 5± wi co- iuous ig (oiay icaesce us ae Eomoogy iisio eame o Scieiic a auae eow om eais gie y Kama Iusia eseac iae ag Aucka ew eaa (195

g_

Sig SAGE UAIO uaiaio o maue aae e eaig co- Calliphora vicina aies ae ke coee so a maue aae o o escae uaia ae coece y iig e Egg ( - ous coes o e aa eaig o oe a scee 1 s isa (1 - 3 ous a ae asee o au cages o emegece isa (1 - ous eaig o aious oos a 15 5 a 3°C 3 isa (3 - ous aou a a 1-ou ooeio sows eua 1 (7 - 9 ous a eaig emeaue ca ae a oou eec ua 11 (9 - 15 ays o e ae o eeome a e sie o C vicina. oa immaue 1 (1 - 5 ays e es eaig emeaue is 5°C so a as a- Émegece success 31 - 3 val establishment, pupariation, puparial weights, ime o couaio 5 - 9 ays adult emergence, and rate of development are con- ime o oiosiio - 15 ays cemed. At 15°C and 20°C development is much Oiosiio eio (1 - 15 ays Maig aciiy o sae sowe a a 3°C aa esaisme is oo uaia weigs ae geay euce a o aus Au iesa 5 ( - 35 ays emege A 5°C aa eeome (om egg ac Lucilia sericata to pupariation) on bovine muscle and liver takes -9 ays uaia weigs aeage eseciey 7 Egg 1 (1 - 3 ous a 79 mg a au emegece ecees 7 I 1 s isa (1 - ous akes 17 ays o 5 o ies o emege a ese isa 1 (9 - ous ies ay eggs -5 ays ae emegece 3 isa ( - 7 ous eua 9 ( - 19 ous OE e eeeces cie i is sueme- ua 7 (5 - 11 ays ay coiuio ae ise i e mai eeeces oa immaue 1 (1-15 ays secio (age 59 Émegece success 9-91 ime o couaio 3- ays ime o oiosiio 5-1 ays Oiosiio eio (15-9 ays Maig aciiy 15 (9-19 ays Au iesa (-59 ays

eaig C vn i e aoauy ecause Calliphora vicina is e mos commo y associae wi aima a uma coses i ew eaa i as ee cose ee o emosae a yica owy eaig meo a o iusae a e ae o eeome is iuece y eme- aue e eaig is oe i a we eiae oom maiaie a 5 ± 1°C aou a a 1- ou igak cyce MAIEACE O AUS Aus ca e e i cages mae o gaaise io wi a 3 × 15 cm ecagua ase a coee wi a yo e- ig seee secue wi a ue a a oe e ey ae e y suga cysas ad libitum i a ei is a wae ia a coo wick oie ie is oie o aou 1 ous uig e ak eio o oiosiio Some 5- ies ae ke i eac cage a 3 o cages ae maiaie so as o o- ie o a coiuous suy o eggs As e egg aces ae oaie e ca e asee o a- a eaig cages EAIG O AAE e aae ca e eae o ee ie eeise as eee i eiae cea asic oes (19 × 1 × cm emicuie o ueae sawus 1- cm ee is oie o

—-- E COEIOS KEY O GEEA O CAIOIAE eosioies KOW OM EW EAA Aeiaios use o museums a oe isi- 1 Sem-ei seuose osay (ig 1; uios wee maeia is ocae ae as oows (ae ea o caaceisic sae (ig 1; Wa 1979 squamae aie o magi Meaic ANIC Ausaia aioa Isec Coecio CSIO ue-gee ies

Caea ( 57 CYSOMYIAE Μ iis Museum (aua isoy oo (Chrysomya) CMNZ Caeuy Museum Ciscuc ew eaa NZAC ew eaa Aoo Coecio SI -- Sem-ei ae osay; ea o Aucka sae as i ig 1; squamae aie HCOE oe Eomoogica Coecios Uiesiy o ae Meaic o o-meaic ies Museum Oo CAIOIAE LCNZ ico Coege Caeuy ew eaa MNHN (1 owe squama aie aoe 3 Muséum aioa isoie auee ais owe squama ae 5 NHMW auisoisces Museum iea USNM Uie Saes aioa Museum Wasigo C 3( Sucosa sceie seuose (ig ZMKD ooogisk Museum Coeage — Sucosa sceie uesce; ea sae as i ig 1 ( 1 Calliphora Mooogy e aeiaios o sucua eaues use i (3 Eyes esey aie; ocea seae e keys esciios a igues ae ose mos ase; ai ow o ack; ors commoy use y wokes o cayae iea ase; mae wi egies 5 a 7 a ae as oows geay eage; emae egie 5 wi EA ori, ieio oia seae; ors, sueio sog magia seae a a osa oia seae; vte, eea eica seae; vti, ie- magia icisio; ea sae as i a eica seae ig 11 ( 7 Ptilonesia OA (mesooum — igue 1 ac, acosica — Eyes ae o iisicy aie; oce- seae; dc, osocea seae; h, umea seae; ia, a seae ese; ai yeow o ia-aa seae; pa, osaa seae; ph, osumea oage; ors ese; aomia e- seae; pra, e-aa seae; sa, sua-aa seae; stpl, gies oma i o sees; ea seoeua seae e em "euoegie" as sae as i ig 13 ee use i eeece o "sua-siacua co- ( Xenocalliphora eiy" a ees o e coe euo imme- 5( oseum oeuo a sua- iaey eow e squama squama ige ae; ea sae as i WIG R5, is oseio ce; r—m, isca coss- ig 1 ( Pollenia ei — oseum oeuo a sua- AOME St, seie; egie squama ige seuose (ig 3 Measuemes o aaacia a owa wis use o aious aios eee o i e esci- (5 euoegie aie ios a keys ae o e aowes a measue ( 7 Hemipyrellia wi e ea i oie Geiaia awigs ae — euoegie ae ( 7 Lucilia ee mae wi e yoygium iac a esig i a aua osiio o coo woo i gyceie ue a coesi ESCIIOS

Maeia eamie Suamiy CAIOIAE Coecio aa o o-ye secimes ae sum- maise o e sake o eiy e u aa i Geus Cllphr oieauesoiy yesci om ae e a AC a may e Calliphora oieau-esoiy 13 33 ye-secies see o eques Musca vomitoria iaeus 175 y oigia esigaio Neocalliphora aue & egesamm 191 7 ye- secies Calliphora dasyphthalma Macqua 13 (= Musca quadrimaculata Sweeus 177 y oigia esigaio

_2 Paracalliphora Townsend, 191 151 Type-species Cal- Cllphr hll ao liphora oceaniae Robineau-Desvoidy, 13 (= Musca augur Fabricius, 1775 by original igues 1 a 1 designation. Calliphora hilli ao 195 ecoye mae Aus- aia amawm icoia (M; see esiga- ea o mae ooic o aowy icoic Aisa io eow og umose Oue ph seae ese Suasqua- Pollenia rufipes o auos o Macqua [misie- ma ige ae oseum a oeuo aie iicaios] Calliphora rufipes o auos o Macqua [misie- Sucosa sceie uesce Sem-ei ae owe iicaios] squama aie u ae magiay Mae geiaia Calliphora milleri ay 1937 ye maeia eie o e oma caioi ye; emae oiosio os o ee esigae eescoic Oiaous Calliphora varifrons o auos o Maoc [misie- iicaios] emaks Calliphora ca e isiguise om a EA icoic i emae Eyes ae seaae i oe ew eaa Caioiae y e ae sem- mae y 3 × wi o aeio oceus i emae y ei aie owe squama a uesce sucos- a eye wi Gou coou ack aaaciaia a a sceie ows oagy-yeow Ieoaia ma eis- Asecs o geea mooogy ae iusae i ow aaoaia esey use assy yeow igues 9 19 a wi ake siig sos a umeous ie ak ais aaaciaia wi a assy usig a a ew ak ais aoe ows goe-use aeioy KEY O SECIES O CAIOA assy yeow oseioy a wi ie ack seu- KOW OM EW EAA ae a goe-yeow ais Ieacia memae wi some ak ais asay Occiu use assy -1 Aome assy wi a ese esse yeow wi goe ais Mae wi 1 o 11 ori ae goe usig a ig yeow seae a a ai o vti, emae wi o 7 ori, ais eay; eua coee wi ors, a a ai eac o eeicas vti, a vte. ese yeow ais; emoa a iiae iissae sog cosse acia ige wi so oagy yeow seuae o wo-is o is eg Aea seg- — Aome meaic ue-gee o mes oagy owis aicay; aisa umose o ioe uuse o wi a i esse- wo-is o is eg ai yeow aee a ae siey usig; eua wi ak iae aicay Meum gossy ow ais; emoa a iiae ackis- OA Gou coou ack Mesooum ow 3 wi ese siey-gey usig a a siig a- (1 Acosica seae 3 + 3; tpl (3 + e o sos a seaks Ac + 3 dc 3 + 3 1; ea o mae ooic e eyes h, ph, ia 3 + pra, sa, pa. eua use wi age aces aeioy; emae gey a assy yeow a coee wi goe- wi os wie a a eye wi; yeow ais oeua eessio aie Meso- ieoaia eae ceay t euo wi a comee ow o seae a a ew — Acosica seae + 3; tpl 1 + 1; ack seuae aoe euoegie wi a ae so eyes i mae seaae y 3× wi ie Siaces yeow Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum wi o aeio oceus e aces o a ai eac o aica asa a isca seae eage aeioy; emae wi os WIGS eis yeowis-ow Eaue a as wie as eye; ieoaia aae- asicosa yeow Sucosa sceie wi yeow ie Squamae iuscae yeow; owe oe wi og sie hll yeow ais o isc oe o wo ack oes ai- 3(1 Aome meaic ioe o ue- cay a yeow magia ais; ue oe wi gee a uuse; eyes esey a ak magi a ak magia ais oseioy aie; oacic siaces ey age EGS Coae ow wi a ese gey usig oage quadrimaculata a yeow ais ocaes emoa a iiae — Aome meaic ue wi a esse- yeow; oe iia wi o 3 weak ad seae a 1 ae siey usig; eyes ae; o- pv; mie iia wi o 3 ad seae 1 pd, p, a acic siaces oma e oseio 1 ; i iia wi a ow o so ad seae 3 pd, oe ow vicina a o 3 av. asi ak ow AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic gee a assy eecios a a ese esseae goe usig osa gou seuae ack; e-

—— a suaces wi og goe ais Tl + 2 wi Cllphr drlt (Sweeus oagy ais aeay; Τ3 wi a ow o ie ma- igues 9 19 7 a oisiece giηa seuae; T4 wi a ow o sog magia seae; Musca quadrimaculata Sweeus 177 9 ooye Τ5 wi a ow o magia seae a a ew soge emae ew eaa (aks Coecio M oage a ack isca seuae Seies use Musca sacra aicius 15 91 ooye emae Cae gey a yeow wi og goe seuae o Goo oe [eo] (MK GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 1 a Calliphora dasyphthalma e Guiou 1 315 eco- 1 ye emae ew eaa Aucka Isas IMESIOS eg o oy 75-1 mm; (M; see esigaio eow Calliphora dasyphtalma Macqua 13 7 [ei 13] eg o wig 5-5 mm ecoye emae ew eaa Aucka Isas (M; see esigaio eow ye aa ao escie Calliphora hilli om Musca violacea Wake 153 335 ooye emae ew ou mae secimes ee om amawm a oe eaa (M om Seao o ocaiies i icoia Ue is Calliphora cockaynei uo 19 155 ooye emae ame i e M I ae ou wo maes wi ew eaa Came Isa (CM ye aa Oe is aee "amawm ic W i" "e co W S ao" "es y ieoo EA ooic i mae icoic i emae Eyes Sc o Me" "Caioa ii ao e W esey aie seaae y 1× wi o eye; S ao" i goo coiio u wi e ao- aeio aces eage i mae Gou coou me moue seaaey a e e i eg miss- eis-ow ece o occiu wic is ack ig e seco is aee "Seao W i" Ieoaia ma wi og ie ack ais "e co W S ao" "es y ieoo Sc aaoaia iy gey-use wi a siig si- o Me" "Caioa ii ao e W S ey so ceay esey aie aaaciaia ao" a is i oo coiio — e aome esey aie i ue a wi a iisic a a ig i a mie egs ae missig I ae use siey-yeow ows owis-use ae- aee a ee esigae e amawm seci- ioy gey-use oseioy wi og ak me as ecoye a e Seao secime as aa- seuae Occiu gey-use wi yeowis ais ecoye e ecoye agees wi e mos ece Mae wi 7 o on seae a a ai o vti. emae ieeaio o is secies (Kuaasi 1971; as wi 1-1 on seae a eeica vti, a vte, a C. milleri), u e aaecoye is a secime o ais o ors. iissae sog cosse wi a Calliphora bezzii ay accoig o K seco sigy weake ai acia ige wi so ois sog seuae oe is eie eg Aea seg- mes ow; 3 segme oagy asay; aisa Maeia eamie ye secimes us 3 o- umose o asa wo-is ai yeow a- ye eames (3 maes 9 emaes; AIC M ee a iae aicay Meum use ack C AC a gey ee Kigs Is / (aa I O K W / OA Gou coou ack ece o scu- KA / SI eum wic is owis Mesooum eey gey- Coece a aou sea ee u o 15 m use ece o a sma siy ac a umei (Mou Owe a ee 5 m (Mou Some secimes ess esey use ewee sea Egmo summi K ows ac a dc. Ac + 3 dc 3 + 3 3 h, ph, ia ake i auay Mac Augus oeme + 1 o pra, o 3 sa, pa. eua gey- a eceme use wi ak ais Siaces ey swoe aia ecos "oe scu" (aa I Coec- ig oage Sma ko aoe ia-aa ua io meos oe "swe" oage wi oagy ais euoegie uesce Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum wi a ai o aica seae emaks Calliphora hilli occus o see wi ais o aeas ais o asas a ais o e moe commo secies C. stygia, u aeas iscas o e o ie sigiicace as a age o y-sike WIGS ases sigy iuscae eis ow um (195 3 says a oy a ew cases o asicosa a eaue oagy-yeow Squamae see myiasis ae ee ecoe o is secies ow wi ow magia ais; owe oe wi I as ee eae om uma coses (Smeeo ow ais o isc et al. 19 caio ea cayis a ea mos EGS Coae ocaes a emoa ack- iagosic caaces o e aae ae escie is-ow wi a i gey usig iiae eis- a iusae y ooway (195 1; igues ow; oe iia wi a ow o so ad seae a 1-1 a pv sea; mie iia wi 3-5 ad seae a ow o is secies is kow oy om Ausaia a pd, a seae i emae a ad, 1 pd, p, ew eaa a v i mae; i iia wi a ow eac o ad

—3—-3— a pd seae icuig oe o wo soge seae we esciig a sige emae om Came i e ows a av seae wic ae soge i Isa wic I ae eceie o suy om e e emae asi ackis-ow Caeuy Museum I is ae iy u oe- AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic wise i goo coiio I is aee "1" "Ca- ioe o ue-gee eecios; wiou usig A ioa cockayei uo ooye" "Cam Is" egies ucue y umeous age sea oes; "Came Is Cockaye" "Caioa cock- Τ3 wi aea magia seae; Τ wi umeous ayei u W uo e" a agees wi e ie magia seae; Τ5 wi a ow o magia seae mos ece ieeaio o C. quadrimaculata a some oge isca seae Seies iy gey- (eg aiso 197 e isiguisig caace use o magis Came Isa a Aucka gie y uo — e coou o e aome — Isas maeia aome ess ucue moe is o moe a a coou aiaio o quadrima- geeis-ue; mae aaoaia moe siey- culata ou o e Aucka Isas a Cam- use e Isa GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 7 a Material examined. ye secimes us IMESIOS eg o oy 95-15 mm; o-ye eames (73 maes 19 emaes; AIC eg o wig 5-135 mm M C AC WO ΤO K W / KA C Type data. Musca quadrimaculata.: Sweeus MC SC ΜΚ W CO S / SI / Aucka escie is secies om ew eaa maeia Is / Came I. i e aks Coecio (M wee I ae Coece a aou sea ee u o 15 m (u- ou a sige emae ue is ame I is ae as u aaua age W iy a usy e ig oeeg is missig a ake i a mos seae ae aae om e mesooum I ae aia ecos seea om "ouse" a "wi- aee i holotype, a i agees wi e mos ow"; aso oe om "ug" "oig mae" ece ieeaio o is secies (eg aiso a "ea eea sea" (eus Coe Came 197 Isa Coecio meos oe "swe" a Musca sacra: aicius escie is secies "maaise a" om a ukow ume o secimes o usae se suosey coece a e Cae o Goo oe Remarks. Calliphora quadrimaculata is esice om MK I ae eceie o suy a sige o ew eaa wee i is ey commo ese- emae ou ue is ame Aoug e sec- ciay i ouses uig summe a auum o- ime ume is i i asi a was oose i eace o cooe coiios y e au y is e o i is si i ai coiio I is aee y suggese y wie ecos eseciay oe om aicius "M saca e Ca s" is secime ucke Coe Came Isa ae Augus 19 is uouey e ooye; aicius mus ae (C I wi eaiy "ow" eig coes a mae a misake wi e ocaiy as i is a seci- mea a wi eeo i aious kis o ecay- me o Calliphora quadrimaculata. ig mae ooway (195 1 ou uaia Calliphora dasyphthalma: e Guiou a Mac- a a maue aa ue ussock wee ey a qua escie is secies ieeey om eeoe i e asece o caio I as occa- maeia coece y e Astrolabe a Zelée ee- sioay ee ecoe as causig sike i see iio — a usae ume o emae secimes u as a secoay age a o a imay iae om e Aucka Isas om M I ae ooway (195 1; ig 13-133 escies a eceie o suy ee emaes ou ue is igues e iagosic caaces o e aae ame Oe is aee "9 Caioa asyama ois i es ies Aucka" "13" a aa om eig usy is i ecee coiio Aoe is Cllphr t (aicius aee ye e eguio Macq 313" a igues 1 9 a 3 o a sma e isc "1131" a is i ai co- Musca stygia aicius 171 3 ooye emae iio u as e isa a o e aome miss- Ameica [eo] (aks Coecio M ig I cosie a ee secimes o e syyes ?Calliphora villosa oieau-esoiy 13 37 ye a ee esigae e secime aee "9 Ca- maeia Ausaia o ackso SW (o in ioa asyama" as lectotype a e oes M as paralectotypes. A secimes agee wi e mos Pollenia rufipes Macqua 135 71 ecoye emae Ausaia Port Wese (ΒΜΝΗ; see esigaio ece ieeaio o Calliphora quadrimaculata eow (eg aiso 197 Musca laemica Wie 13 91 ecoye emae ew Calliphora cockaynei: uo use is ame eaa (ΒMΝΗ; see esigaio eow

24 EA ooic i mae icoic i emae os Type data. Musca stygia: aicius escie is 1 5 × as wie as eye Eye i mae wi eage secies om secimes i e aks Coecio aces aeioy Gou coou eis-ow (M wee I ae ou a sige emae ue Ieoaia ma wi umeous ie ack seu- is ame I as o ocaiy ae u sas oe ae aaoaia gey-use aoe goe ow a awe-ae eeig o aiciuss ame a eow wi umeous ack seuae aaaciaia esciio I is a secime o a goe owy esey use goe ow wi ake siig oigiaig i Ausaia o ew eaa; e oca- sos a wi ack seuae i e ue a iy gie y aicius is eeoe eoeous e ows use goe ow aeioy geyis os- secime is i ai coiio u is ae usy eioy wi ack seuae a goe ais ace o mie egs ae missig a e mesooum akee ceay Occiu gey-use wi is cacke I ae aee i as holotype. I agees umeous yeow ais Ieacia memae ae wi e mos ece ieeaio o is secies coey-use Mae wi 9-11 on seae a a ai (eg aiso 197 o vti; emae wi -1 on seae a eeica a Pollenia rufipes: Macqua escie is secies ai eac o vti a vte, a ais o ors. iissae om a usae ume o emae secimes om sog cosse acia ige wi so seuae o o Wese Ausaia I e M coecios wo-is o is eg Aea segmes oagy; I ae ou ue is ame wo emaes oe 3 segme owe aicay; aisa umose o aee "oeia uies 9[]Macq"aueB", S a is eie eg ai yeow aee a iae WIE III (o 1" a e oe uaee aicay Meum gossy ow e aee secime is i oo coiio ae OA Gou coou ack Mesooum eig amage i e os I as e aome use see-gey wi iisic siig use ig wig a a eg gue o a ca mou; a seaks; gou seuae ack ece o a ew oe egs a mos o e e wig ae missig goe-yeow ais aeioy Ac 3 + 3 dc 3 + e uaee secime is ae usy u oe- 3 3 h, ph, ia + 1 1 pra, sa, pa. eua wise i goo coiio wi oy e ig i eg use gey a ow wi og goe-yeow missig I ae aee a ee esigae e ais euoegie wi yeow ie yoeua uaee secime as lectotype a e aee seae yeow Siaces age ae oagy-ow Sipl secime as paralectotype. o secimes agee (3 + 1 Scueum wi a ai eac o aica a- wi e mos ece ieeaio o Calliphora ea a isca seae a ais o asas stygia (eg aiso 197 WIGS eis yeow asay owis ai- Musca laemica: Wie escie o sees o cay asicosa a eaue yeow Squamae ius- is secies om ew eaa maeia coece cae owis-yeow wi yeow ais asay y Aew Sicai I e M coec- a ak ais aicay o isc Magia ais ae ios I ae ou wo emae secimes aee yeow o goe ow "ew eaa" "55" e accessio ume EGS Coae yeow wi a ese gey usig eeig o maeia esee y Sicai om ew a yeow seuae ocaes a ase o emoa eaa I am eeoe eaig ese wo seci- wi yeow seuae emoa a iiae ig mes as syyes e age secime is i goo oagy-yeow oe iia wi a we sace ow coiio u as e oeegs e mie asi a o so ad seae a 1 sea; mie iia wi ig mie eg missig e smae secime aso 3 ad seae 1 pd, p, a 1 v; i iia wi 1 o i goo coiio as oy e ig a e mie soge seae i a ad ow o 3 pd, a av. asi missig I ae aee a ee esigae AOME Gou coou ack wi assy e age secime as lectotype a e smae gee eecios a a ese esseae goe secime as paralectotype. e ecoye agees usig osa gou seuae ack aeay a wi e mos ece ieeaio o Calliphora eay goe yeow T1 + 2wi e usig stygia (eg aiso 197 a e aaecoye moe geyis; T3 (iewe om ei wi a is- is a secime o Calliphora hilli ao ic uuse meia ia a some og ie aea magia seae; T4 wi a ow o magia Material examined. ye secimes us 1 seae; T5 wi gou seuae oge a sase o-ye eames (17 maes 91 emaes; AIC some o em yeow a wiou isic magi- M C AC as A seies goe-use a wi goe AK C G O K RI, WN / ais M KA BR, C MC SC W S / SI / Caam GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 9 a Is / Aioes Is 3 Coece a aou sea ee u o 11 m (Ca- IMESIOS eg o oy -13 mm; eg eau ogaio O o wig 7-11 mm ake i a mos ece ue a Seeme

5 aia ecos "ouse" "gass" "aie [us] oagy oseio oe ow Stpl + 1 Scueum esee" "coe a yegass asue" a "e wi a ai eac o aica a isca seae a cuue" (o ue eais Coecio meos ais o aea a asa seae oe "swe" "ig a" a "ia a" as WIGS eis ak ow Eaue ow; equey ee eae om uma coses (Smee- asicosa oage Squamae iuscae ow; owe o et al. 19 oe wi a oa wie magi a og ais o- say Magia ais wie o ue oe ow Remarks. Calliphora stygia occus ougou o owe oe ew eaa a is commo om ae sig o EGS ackis ow emoa a coae iy auum Ecoomicay i is a ey imoa gey-use oe iia wi a ow o so ad seae owy as i is a imay age o sike o ie- a 1 pv; mie iia wi - ad seae 1 o pd, sock (see ea 195 15-17 As wi oe 3 p, a v; i iia wi a ow o ad seae co- Calliphora secies C stygia ca ouce aae aiig 1 o soge seae 3 pd, a av. ae a eggs i ey o weae as e eggs AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic ac wie si i e oiosio iagosic ca- ue eecios a a ese esseae siey us- aces o e aae ae escie a iusae y ig Τ1+ a Τ3 wi sog aeomagia seae; ooway (195 1; igues 13-13 Τ wi a comee ow o magia seae; Τ5 wi is secies is aso kow om Ausaia ew a ow o sog magia seae a some soge Guiea a e Soomo Isas isca seae Seies sigy meaic iy gey- use wi ack seuae GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 31 a

Cllphr vn oieau esoiy 3 igues 31 a 3 IMESIOS eg o oy 7-1 mm; eg o wig -11 mm Calliphora vicina oieau-esoiy 13 35 Ηoo- ye emae USA iaeia (COE Type data. Calliphora vicina: esoiy escie Musca rthrphl Meige 1 [eoccuie - e Gee 177] is secies om a usae ume o secimes Calliphora vtr o auos u o iaeus coece a iaeia om eeas coecio [misieiicaios] is coecio was acquie y igo (oieau- esoiy 13 111 a i igos eoic i- EA icoic i emae; os 3× as wie as ea coecio a Oo I ae ou a emae aeio oceus i mae 15× a eye wi i secime aee "Caioa icia " i es- emae Gou coou ack ece o ows ie- oiys ow awiig e secime is i oo acia memae a acia iges wic ae coiio coee i ugus a us u ecog- oagy Ieoaia wi umeous ie ack isae as e commo Euoea ueoe I ae seuae aaoaia use siey-gey o assy aee i as holotype. wi umeous ie ack seuae; emae wi iegua siig aces ceay aaaciaia Material examined. ooye us o-ye use siey o assy wi umeous ie seu- eames (31 maes 9 emaes; AIC M ae ows goe-use aeioy siey-gey C AC oseioy ace wi a i gey usig Occiu AK C ΤO WI / ΝΝ ΚΑ C MC gey-use wi ceamy ais ceay Mae wi SC O S / Caam Is 1-1 ori seae a a ai o vti; emae wi o Coece a aou sea ee u o 5+ m 9 ori, a eeica a ai eac o vti a vte, a (Mou oe eso akes aioa ak ais o ors. iissae sog cosse wi 1 o ake i a mos ece ue ais o soge seae us aoe em acia aia ecos "Prunus mahlaleb owes" "soi ige wi so sou seae o wo-is o is ue [ea] acki" (aae "wiow" eg Aea segmes ackis-ow; 3 seg- "Euphorbia", "Rhododendron", "ee ucee" me oagy asay; aisa umose o wo-is "oweig aey (Berberis)", a "oasie" o is eg ai oagy-yeow aee a Coecio meos oe "swe" "ig" a sigy iae aicay Meum ma ow "aie cyie as" as ee eae om OA Gou coou ack wi siey- uma coses (Smeeo et al. 19 gey usig Mesooum wi iisic uuse iae ewee sea ows ac a dc. i o scue- Remarks. Calliphora vicina is aiy commo i um owis-e i some secimes Ac + 3 ew eaa a is oe o e is owies o dc 3 + 3 h, ph, ia + 1 pra, sa, pa. aea i sig a o isaea i auum euoegie wi ae ie Aeio siace ( um 195 I wi ee i ay ou-smeig

_26_ decomposing matter, but generally carrion is pre- Aspects of general morphology are illustrated in ferred. It has been recorded as causing many types Figures 1, 3, and 23. of myiasis, and in some regions is a secondary agent of strike. In Tasmania it is a very important pri- mary agent of strike in sheep, but its role in New KEY O SECIES O UCIIA Zealand is not clear (see Heath 1985, p. 15). Diag- OCCUIG I EW EAA nostic characters of the larvae are described and illustrated by Holloway (1985, p. 14; Figures 139- 01 Upper occiput with 6-8 setulae on 143). each side, just below vertex; fore This species is cosmopolitan in temperate and femora metallic blackish-blue; setulae subtropical regions. on sternite of male as long as those on femora ... rt Upper occiput with a single seta on Geus prll owse each side, just below vertex; fore femora bright metallic green-blue; Hemipyrellia owse 191 15 ye-secies Hemi- setulae on sternites of male longer pyrellia curriei owse 191 (= Lucilia fernan- dica Macqua 155 y oigia esigaio than those on femora ... prn

Head of male holoptic or narrowly dichoptic. Arista plumose. Outer ph setae present. Prosternum, pro- l prn (Wieema pleuron, and suprasquamal ridge setulose. Stem- Figure 33 vein bare. Squamae bare dorsally. Subcostal scler- Musca cuprina Wieema 13 5 ite setulose. Thorax and abdomen metallic green- blue. Pleurotergite haired. See remarks under genus Lucilia in Introduction, p.9. Remarks. Hemipyrellia can be distinguished from all other New Zealand Calliphoridae by the bare stem vein and squamae, and haired propleuron and l rt (Meige Pleurotergite. Figures 3, 23, 34, and 35 Musca sericata Meige 1 53 Syye maes Ausia prll lrrn (Wieema o i M o MW a aaey os Musca ligurriens Wieema 13 55 Lucilia caesar o auos u o iaeus [misieiicaios] Material examined. 1 male, Springston, MC, rot- ting apple, 31 Apr 1973 (LCNZ). EA dichoptic in female; frons 4× as wide as anterior ocellus in male, 1 × as wide as an eye in Remarks. The provenance of this specimen is female. Ground colour black. Interfrontalia covered open to doubt. with fine, black setulae. Parafrontalia, parafacialia, face, and jowls densely dusted silvery-grey. Para- frontalia with numerous fine, black setulae. Para- Geus l oieauesoiy facialia and interfacial membrane bare. Jowls Lucilia oieau-esoiy 13 5 ye-secies covered with fine, black setulae. Occiput shiny Musca caesar iaeus 175 y suseque es- black, with weak, metallic reflections and black igaio o Macqua (13 1 setulae above, grey-dusted and with pale hairs below. Male with 8 or 9 on setae and a pair of vti; Head of male holoptic or dichoptic. Arista plu- female with 6 or 7 ori, a prevertical, a pair each of mose. Outer ph setae present. Suprasquamal ridge vti and vte, and 2 pairs of ors. Vibrissae strong, setulose. Prosternum and propleuron haired. Sub- crossed. Facial ridge with a few setae just above costal sclerite with or without setulae. Thorax and vibrissa. Antennal segments dark brown to black; abdomen metallic blue-green. Lower squama bare Arista long plumose to tip. Palpi orange, flattened dorsally. Stem-vein bare. Pleurotergite bare. and dilated apically. Mentum shiny black. OA Ground colour black, with blue-green Remarks. Lucilia can be distinguished from all metallic reflections and a very thin silvery-grey other New Zealand Calliphoridae by the bare stem- dusting. Ac 2 + 3, de 3 + 3, 4 n, 2 ph, ia 3 + 2, vein, metallic colouring, setulose suprasquamal 1 pra, 2 sa, 2 pa. Propleuron grey-dusted. Pleuro- ridge, and bare Pleurotergite. tergite bare. Both spiracles black. Scutellum with a

_27_ ai eac o aica a isca seae a ais o Cua S eea Gai Ageia Iia uma aea a asa seae Cia aa Ausaia (SW icoia as- WIGS eis ae ow Eaue ack; asi- maia awaii eeso Isa a aa cosa yeow Sucosa sceie uesce Squa- Isa mae wie wi wie magia ais EGS ack o ak ow emoa wi weak meaic eecios a a i geyis usig oe Geus lln oieauesoiy iia wi a ow o so ad seae a 1 pv; mie Pollenia oieau-esoiy 13 1 ye-secies iia wi 1 ad, 1 pd, p, a 1 v; i iia wi Musca rudis aicius 179 y oigia a ow o so ad seae icuig 1 o oge oes esigaio Sepimentum uo 191 ye-secies Sepimentum pd, a av. fumosum uo 191 y suseque esigaio AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic o owse (191 gee-ue eecios a a ey i siey us- Huttonophasia Cua 197 35 ye-secies Gymno- ig wic is ese i emae T1 + 2 wiou phania pernix uo 191 y oigia esiga- meaic eecios aeioy; T3 a T4 wi a io ew syoymy. ow o magia seae; T5 wi a ow o magia seae a some soge isca seae Seies ack ea o mae ooic o icoic Aisa aie wi weak meaic eecios ack ais wic o wo-is o is eg o amos ae Oue ae oge i e mae a sog magia seae ph ses ese o ase Suasquama ige i e emae oseum oeuo a sem-ei ae Su- GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 3 a cosa sceie ae (aey seuose u o i ew 35 eaa secies oa usuay wi og ie IMESIOS eg o oy -1 mm; gou seuae Mae geiaia o e oma ca- eg o wig 5-5 mm ioi ye Oiosio eescoic ye data. Meiges syye maes cao e emaks e geus Pollenia ca e isi- ou guise om a oe ew eaa Caioiae y e ae sem-wei squamae sucosa sceie Maeia eamie Siy-eig o-ye eames oeuo a oseum (35 maes 33 emaes; AIC ΜΝΗ C Asecs o geea mooogy ae iusae i AC igues 11 a 15-1 ΑΚ W / S KA C MC W CO Coece a aou sea ee u o 3 m (ake KEY O SECIES O OEIA ooii eso akes aioa ak KOW OM EW EAA ake i auay-May uy Augus oem- MAES e a eceme aia ecos "ea sigay" "comos" 1 emoa ig oagy-yeow "gass" "gae" "us ceaig" a "owes" —emoa owis-yeow o ackis- Coecio meos oe "swe" as ee ow 13 et al. eae om uma coses (Smeeo 19 (1 os eceioay oa a eas Remarks. Lucilia sericata 15 × as wie as ocea iage; Aus o ae aace mie iia wi -5 ad seae 3 o caio soie o we eece a oe wous — os aow a mos 3× as wie as u wi aso ee o swee a emeig uis aeio oceus; mie iia wi 1 as e emae equies a oei mea o e eggs o ad seae a someimes a o maue Eggs ae ai i ie o e aces wic oa ewee wo a ee ousa eggs e smae oe aoe 5 ae o eeome is eee o emeaue 3( os (ig 17 a aowes oi a umiiy (see um 195 9 Caaces 7× as wie as ea; eisome o- o e aae ae escie a iusae y o- uig aoe a i o o oa oway (195 1; igues 1-1 magi; ase o iissae eacig I e oe emisee L. sericata is a i- eyo os (ig 1; mie iia may age i see sike a i ew eaa oo i aeas o ay a mao oe (see ea 195 15-17 iagosic eaues o e uis-gou secies ecey is secies is aso kow om e aeacic ecoe i ew eaa ae o icue i is key a eacic egios Sou Aica isa a u may e ou i e oe o 7

_28_ wi ad seae; ieoaia amos o gee wiou isic usig aae-sie o cosice ce- ece we iewe a a eeme ay (ig 17; os wi a ai o age om ei; 1 o ph seae; sueec oia seae; aaaciaia mie iia wi a v sea 7 1 7 × as wie as aeae; ow eig eow eye × eig o eye; 7( ei R1 meeig wig magi eyo 3 umea seae; ossuua aea o ee o r-m; oa ma uis- mesooum eey use o os- ack wi a uis-gey usig; eio wo-is wiou isic eua oay ack-aie; aaoes iae eurybregma (ig og i; uue ae — os (ig 15 a aowes oi atricoma — ei R1 meeig wig magi a ie 1-17× as wie as ea; eisome ouig i o o oa magi i o o r-m o ee wi i; u ase o iissae ee wi os oa siy oie wi geyis-wie o oy a ie eyo (ig 1; usig; seoeuo mosy aie mie iia wi 3-5 ad seae; os goe yeow; aaoes (ig 5 wi o wiou oia seae; aa- soe oae; uue wi a ew aciaia ess a 13× as wie as sma seuae aeae; ow eig eow eye ess (7 ea ooic; eyes seaae by ess a a eig o eye; 5 umea a wi o aeio oceus; aa- seae; ossuua aea o mesooum oaia wiou seuae o a is- mosy u meaic gee wi is- ace geae a eg o 3 ic use iae we iewe a aea segme; aaaciaia as aious ages eaie o icie wie as aea; ea eig 79× ig ea wi; ows 3 × as ig as eye astrictifrons (3 os wi a ai o og ie oia -®- ea wi e eyes seaae y seae a ee o ocea iage e wi o aeio oceus; os wi- seae cuig ouwas acoss eye; ou seuae o a isace muc ess seoeuo wi some ae yeow a eg o 3 aea segme; ais; mesooum (iewe a a age aaaciaia 17 × as wie as aea; om ei sowig a isic si- ea eig × ea wi; ows ey-use esuua meia ia 5 × as ig as eye dyscheres ewee acosica ows o seae; mie iia wi 3 ad seae; aaaci- 9(5 Mie iia wi o meia ea aia 13× as wie as aea uniseta sea usuay wi 1 ad sea; squamae — os wiou oia seae; seo- ceamy yeow; usuay 1 ph sea euo oay ack-aie; mesoo- ese aerosa um wi o esuua meia ia; --- Mie iia wi a meia ea mie iia wi o 5 ad seae; sea a 1 o ad seae; squamae aaaciaia 11 × as wie as aea goe ow; usuay ph seae consanguinea ese 1 5( age moe ous secies; eg o 1(9 Aome wi isic siey-gey oy -1 mm wi 3-5 mm esseae usig; ace ak amos — Smae see secies; eg o ack; ows ak aoe; aaaciaia oy ess a mm wi u o 15× as wie as aea; gou seu- mm 9 ae o Τ a Τ5 equay sog a sase; oa wi isic use (5 eua eesiey yeowis-oage; iae; ceci muc soe a aa- ia-aa uy oay oagy; ao- oes (ig 59 5 11 me meaic gee a coey wi — Aome wiou isic usig; a i esseae usig a sis ace oage o owis-oage; ows aou a osa meia ie; 1 ph sea; oagy-yeow; aaaciaia as wie as mie iia wiou a v sea aeae; gou seuae weake a sandaraca ese o Τ a o Τ5; oa eua ak ow; ia-aa us wi o wiou isic iae; ceci mosy ak; aome meaic ue as og as aaoes o oge 1

9— 11(1 Aome wi some meaic eec- — Aome ig meaic ue o ios; asi yeow pulverea gee wiou isic usig; oa — Aome wiou meaic eecios; wi isic meaic eecios 1 asi ack fumosa (19 os 3× as wie as aeio oceus; 1(1 oa esey use siey-gey ce R5 oe i wig magi; squa- o aeaig ey meaic wi is- mae wie oreia ic esuua iae o mesooum; — os as wie as aeio oceus; ce aaoes as og as ceci (ig 5 R5 wi a so eioe; squamae commensurata ow ak iia om o fumosa oa iy use aeaig meaic wiou isic esuua 1(19 ai ak ow o ack; esuua iae; aaoes muc oge a sea ese ceci demissa — ai yeowis-ow o yeow; e- suua sea ase 3 13(1 os ey oa a eas × as wie as aea; ee wi vte seae 1 (1 os 3× as wie as aeio oceus; — os aow a mos as wie as iissae isee a eisoma ee; aea o ea ooic; ee ei R4+ 5 eig a wig i wiou vte seae 15 nigripalpis — ea ooic; iissae isee 1(13 Ce R5 cose wi a eioe × as aoe eisoma magi; ei R4+ 5 og as r- ai a asi ak eig we eoe wig i opalina ow; aaaciaia ey aow muc aowe a aea; aica 3(1 Aisa ais muc soe a scuea seae muc weake a a- aea wi; gou seuae og ea seae advena amos as og as oacic seae; eg Cell R5 cose i magi; ai a seuae og ie; asi yeowis; asi yeowis-ow; aaaciaia wigs yaie limpida oae a aea; aica a a- — Aisa ais oge a aea ea scuea seae equa i eg wi; seuae o oa a egs o a seg lativertex oma eg; asi ow; wigs 15(13 iiae ig yeow coasig wi owis coou o emoa 1 (3 Aea segmes ig oage; iiae owis-yeow o ack o mie iia wi ad seae a a coasig wi emoa 1 soe i sea aoe nigripes 1(15 Aome meaic gee-ue wi- — Aea segmes ackis-ow ou a isic usig; asi yeow 17 oy ase o 3 segme oagy; — Aome ma oie gee wi mie iia wi 1 d seae dysaethria ese siey-gey usig; asi ak ow ak emoa om o fumosa 5(1 ai ack o ow 26 ai oagy o yeow 9 17(1 esuua sea ese; wigs ye- owis; aisa wi ais soe a (5 oy ack mosy siy; ows aea wi e Saes isas uuse ugose; tpl + 1; egs scalena siy ack; esuua sea ase — esuua sea ase; wig ak ... pernix ow asay; aisa wi ais Aome meaic gee o ue; oge a aea wi Maia oa ma wi usig o wi ocaiies fulviantenna meaic oie eecios; egs ma ow; ows use smoo; e- 1(15 Mesooum wi 1 ph sea 19 suua sea ese 7 — Mesooum wi ph seae 5 7( Aisa ays muc soe a ae- 19(1 Aome esey use siey-gey; a wi; aea segmes aiay oacic usig amos oscuig yeowis-oage; mie iia wi 1 meaic gou coou ad sea

-3- -- Aisa ays muc oge a ae- (1 Mie iia wi o 5 isic ad a wi; aea segmes eiey seae 3 ackis-ow; mie iia wi 1 — Mie iia wi 1-3 ad seae (we ad sea nigrisquama 3 ese uemos smae (7 ea use owis-gey; 3( Eisoma egio ouig i o aea segme eiey oagy; o oos; aaaciaia a eas 15 × aaaciaia amos × as wie as as wie as aea aea; i iia a a asi ye- secies a, ?eurybregma owis-ow; aome coey- (ock a ia age CO gee wi isic usig; ce R5 — Eisoma egio o ouig i wi a so eioe insularis o o oos; aaaciaia as wie ea use siey-gey; ae- as aea a segme ow 3 mosy secies b, ?consanguinea / uniseta oagy; aaaciaia sigy wie (O Ma age CO; uoko ec a aea; a iiae a asi ak ow; aome ig meaic ue- O wi wie os a yeow gee wiou isic usig; ce umei secies c R5 oe i wig magi notialis (Aus ass C-W 29(25) esuua ses ase 3 ( Mie iia wi 1 ad sea 5 -- Presutural sea ese 31 — Mie iia wi o 3 ad seae 1 3(9 oa a aome esey use 5( asa segmes yeowis ike siey-gey e meaic gou emoa a iiae coou amos oscue; os 3× as — asa segmes ak ow coas- wie as aeio oceus primaeva ig wi yeow emoa a iiae 9 --- oa a aome ak meaic (5 oa a aome esey use ue wiou isic usig; os siey-gey amos oscuig mea- as wie as aeio oceus consectata ic gou coou; esuua ia ses 31(9 ey age secies 1-13 mm immanis ese secies d — Muc smae secies ess a 5 (Oago CO; Soua S mm 3 — Aome meaic ue gee o ue wiou isic usig; e- 3(31 Aome meaic coey-gey; egs suua ia sea ese o ase 7 ack; ce R5 wi a so eioe; scueum wi 1 ai o isic is- 7( esuua ia ses ese secies ca seae antipodea (ocaga ige — Aome ak meaic ue; egs ye- — esuua ia sea ase R5 owis-ow; ce cose o oe (7 oacic eua mosy yeow secies f a magi; scueum wi ais o (ake aiga W isic isca seae 33 — oacic eua ack o ow 33(3 os 3× as wie as aeio oceus; (oss W secies g mie iia wi 3 o ad seae; ori 9(5 os wie a oe-i o ea o isic om geea seuosiy o wi secies h aaoaia; ows ack wi a (uia a iiagi ΑΚ; auo O; sma oagy ac eow hispida Oogoogo W (AIC -- ea ooic; mie iia wi ad — os aowe a oe-i o seae; or/ie u isic; ows ea wi secies i oagy o aeio a enetera (akaka i EMAES 1( Mie iia wi 3 ad seae 11 (Uess oewise sae secimes om ocaiies — Mie iia wi ad seae 15 ise i aeesis ae eosie i AC 11(1 asa segmes ak ow coas- 1 emoa oagy-yeow ig wi yeow emoa a iiae 1 — emoa owis-yeow o ackis- —asa segmes yeow ike emoa ow a iiae 1

1(11 oa a aome esey use — Mesoeuo a seoeuo siey-gey oscuig meaic ackis-gey oy umei yeowe gou coou fumosa secies n (usa age CO (au C; eooa a auo ΤO; — Aome meaic gee ue o Waaceie W (AIC; egoe coey 13 13(1 esuua seae ase; aao- (1 oy siy meaic ack wiou aia wi owis usig secies h usig; ows ugose; tpl + 1; (uia AΚ; Oogoogo W aisa ae o wi so ais o (AIC; Kaamea ie asa quae pernix — esuua sea ese; aao- -- oy o so cooue; ows o aia wi a siey-gey usig ugose; tpl 1 + 1; aisa wi ays (iwai oi S secies ] o wo-is o is eg 3 1(11 Aome meaic coey o ue 3( Aica scuea seae ey weak wi isic esseae siey-gey muc soe a aea seae; os- usig cuprea eio oacic siace wiou a a- (Aus ass C-W; ake ai- e; ce 5 eioae e eioe × ga W; oyo ; SI as og as r- advena -- Aome meaic ue o gee —Aica scuea seae as og as a- wiou isic usig; eua ak ea seae; oseio oacic siace (akaka i secies k wi a ae; ce 5 oe cose o O eua eesiey yeowe wi a eioe soe a r- dyscheres (3 iiae ig yeow coasig wi 15(10) Presutural sea ase 1 ow emoa scalena -- esuua sea ese 1 — iiae ow o ack ike emoa 5 1(15 asa segmes ak ow coas- 5( ai yeowis-oage ig wi yeow iiae secies h — ai ackis-ow 7 asa segmes yeow ike iiae 17 (5 ace ak; aome isicy use; 17(1 Aome meaic ue o gee squamae wie secies o wiou isic usig; mesooa (iao a CO usig owis demissa — ace oagy; aome wiou is- — Aome coey wi isic es- ic usig; squamae ceamy yeow seae siey-gey usig; meso- nigripalpis oa usig siey-gey ?aerosa 7(5 iissae isee a eisoma ee 1(15 asa segmes ak ow coas- secies p ig wi iiae fumosa (Co ake a oouse -- asa segmes yeow ike iiae 19 — iissae isee a ie aoe ei- 19(1 Aome meaic coey-ue soma magi wi isic geyis usig cuprea (7 Eisome ouig i o o — Aome meaic ue o gee oos nigrisquama wiou isic usig — Eisome ee wi os secies q (19 See secies; eua wiou yeow (u Mouai aces; aaoaia wi ak gou coou secies (aiow aey M — ous secies; eua ay yeow; lln dvn ew secies aaoaia wi yeowis gou igues 3 a 37 coou 1 EA os i mae 3× as wie as aea i 1( Mesoeuo a seoeuo emae sigy wie Gou coou ackis- eesiey yeowis-oage secies m ow A as wi a i geyis-ow us- (Caaa a oouse ; ack- ig aaoaia aow wi a ew scaee ack a ; yke ie W seuae aaaciaia wi a isic ow o sma

2 ack seuae os wi o 7 on seae a 3 ors, aaaus is muc moe say cuig a i e aeio ai ociae e oes oucuig ay oe Pollenia kow o me Uike a oe ee wi a ai eac o vti a vte seae iis- ew eaa Pollenia secies advena as o a- sae sog cosse isee a eisoma magi e o e oseio oacic siace (a eaue acia iges wi 1 o sma seuae us aoe sae wi e iooiae weak cosse ai- iissae Aea segmes ow; 3 segme ca scuea seae ey og aea scuea seae oagy asay i mae; segme yeow i a a ey og eioe o ce R5. emae; aisa ays oge a aea wi aaaciaia a as wie as aea ow eig × eye eig ai ow cue lln r ew secies OA Gou coou ackis-ow igues 3 a 39 Mesooum wi oie-gee meaic eecios a a ee geyis-ow usig wic is ess MAE asic esciio as o sandaraca ( ese i emae Ac + 3 dc + 3 3 h, 1 ph, ia 5 u ieig i e oowig caaces + 1 pra, sa, pa. eua aiig ak os- EA os as wie as aeio oceus Ie- eio siace oe wiou a ae Stpl 1 + 1 oaia wi some ie ais aoe aaoaia Scueum wi a weak ai o cosse aica seae aowe a aea Aisa ais wo-is as a ey og ai o aeas a oma ai o asas wie as aea ow eig 5× eye eig a a ai o weak iscas OA Gou coou mosy ak; umei WIGS yeowe igy iuscae aicay a magis o eua wi oagy gou coou Eaue ow; asicosa owis-yeow Ce R5 Mesooum wi a oa meia ia a a ai cose a wi a eioe wice as og as r-m. ei o oa aea iae use siey-gey esu- R1 eig us i o o ee o r-m. Squamae uay 1 o ph seae Mesoeuo a seo- ae yeow euo mosy ak-aie EGS ak ow oe iia wi a ow o so WIGS ei R1 eig a ie eyo r-m. ad seae a p seae; mie iia wi 1 ad sea Squamae ceamy pd, p, a 1 v; i iia wi 3 o ad seae EGS Mie iia wi 1 o ad seae 3 o pd, a 1 o av. AOME meaic oy wi a weak ow- AOME Gou coou ak ow wi is usig wic is ese eay a o ae- meaic gee eecios Τ3 wi some aeo- io magi o Τ3 a Τ magia seae; Τ wi a comee ow o ma- GEIAIA igues 3 a 39 Aeeagus iis- gia seae; Τ5 wi a ow o ie magia seae iguisae om a o sandaraca (see igue a some soge iscas IMESIOS oy eg mm; wig eg GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 3 a 5 mm 37. IMESIOS oy eg 3- mm; wig ye aa ooye mae W ake aiga eg 3- mm -1 eceme 19 I owse & Kee (AC aayes 5 maes same aa as oo- ye aa ooye mae ee Kigs Isas ye (M AC Gea Isa Casaway Cam oeme 197 a ig Mcuey (AC aayes ( maes 11 emaks Pollenia aerosa a P. sandaraca ae emaes; M AC 3 maes 5 emaes same cosey eae; eac acks e ea sea o e aa as ooye; 1 mae 1 emae same aa u mie iia a as aiay yeowe oacic coece y G Kusce; maes 1 emae same gou coouig a e geiaia ae simia e aa u o Leptospermum ericoides a Coprosma sucue o e ceci a aaoes (igues 39 a s; 1 emae AK Aucka M Ee o wiow 7 owee sows a uouey wo secies 7 Ai 19 aiso; 1 emae same aa u ae ese is iew is suoe y ei ie- i gae eceme 19; 1 emae same aa ig geea aeaace a e ossie isoaio u 3 eceme 199; 1 mae O auo a ig o sandaraca o Sewa Isa 1 Ai 1931; 1 mae 1 emae S Sees I e AC maeia I ae ou see emae Isa auay 1971 Mcuey secimes wi e same ae aa as e ooye o aerosa. ese ae a asicay simia u may emaks is sma ak secies is a ae eese ee secies wo secimes ae a uusua Pollenia, wi some acii-ike eaues meaic gee aome a ak asi a so ae Eamiaio o e mae yoygium owee o aerosa; e emaie ca e iie io wo sows i o e a caioi wi a sigy moiie ossie secies usig aios o os wi o ea aeeagus o e asic Pollenia om (igue 3; e wi I is iicu o assig ay o ese emaes

—33—

Sig 3 o aerosa, a I ae eeoe o oe so Uike OA Gou coou ak oie wi a i e maes a ese emaes ae e ea sea ae gey usig Mesooum wi 5 o h seae o e mie iia ese a ph. Seoeua a eoeua aiig goe yeow WIGS Ce R5 cose i magi wi a so lln ntpd ew secies eioe R1 eig i magi ee wi r-m. igues a 1 EGS Mie iia wi ad seae 1 o pd, 3 p, a 1 v; i iia wi a ow o ad seae MAE EA os as wie as aeio oce- icuig o 5 soge oes 3 o pd, a 3 av. us Gou coou ack; ieacia memae AOME meaic gee-ue o ue Gou oagy A as esey gey-use aao- seuae ey ese T1 +2iy use eay; aia aaaciaia a ows wi ack seuae Τ3 wi a ow o weak magia seuae; Τ5 wi os wi 7 ori seae iissae isee sigy og magia a isca seuae aoe eisoma magi acia iges wi seuae GEIAIA iisiguisae om ose o P. o owe a Aea segmes oagy u dyscheres (see igues 5 a 53 owis aeioy Aisa ays oge a ae- IMESIOS oy eg 9 mm; wig eg a wi ow eig × eye eig ai 5 mm yeow OA Gou coou ack wi oie-gee ye aa ooye mae Mou Muci- eecios a ee siey-gey usig Ac + so 5- [ 135-1 m] 9 euay 3 de + 3 h, ph, ia + 1 pra, sa, pa. 197 S ugae (AC aaye mae W eua ais ack Scueum wi a ai eac o uce ay 1 eceme 19 (AC aica aea a asa seae a a muc weake ai o iscas emaks wo aiioa mae secimes wic WIGS yeowis; eaue ow; asicosa ye- ae ae eea a isoe may eog o is owis-ow Ce R5 cose wi a so eioe secies ey o ae e coec ea sae as R1 eig a ie i o o ee o r-m. Squamae a as ca e see a e geiaia mac ose ae ow o astrictifrons. owee oe om u Mou- EGS ack oe iia wi a ow o ad seae a ai ( as oy 1 ph ses a 1 ad o e mie p seae; mie iia wi ad seae p, pd, iia a ae uis oacic usig; a e a 1 v; i iia wi av seae seco (Mou Au as ey ak ows AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic I am euca o assig ese wo secimes o gee a coey eecios Τ wi a ow o astrictifrons as ey may eese cosey eae magia seae; Τ5 wi a ow o magia seae secies Ui moe maeia o is gou o se- a some oge isca oes cies ecomes aaiae e oem cao e GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues a oey esoe 1 IMESIOS oy eg 5 mm; wig eg mm lln tr ew secies igues a 3 ye aa ooye mae S iwai oi sweeig auay 197 ei (AC MAE asic esciio as o P. sandaraca ( 5 u ieig i e oowig caaces EA os aowe a aeio oceus lln trtfrn ew secies Occiu a oseio ows eiey ak ee wiou isic vti seae acia iges seuose o MAE asic esciio as o P. sandaraca ( moe a a ei eg Aisa wi ays as wie 5 u ieig i e oowig caaces as aea aaaciaia 15 × as wie as aea EA os aowe a aeio oceus ow eig 5× eye eig Occiu a oseio ows eiey ak aa- OA Gou coou uis-ack wi oaia wi 1 ori seae ee wiou isic ee uis-gey usig wo ph seae a 3 sa. vti. ae aea o aaoaia oge a aea eua wi ack ais A as use ae ow acia ige wi weak WIGS Eaue eis-ow Ce R5 cose seuae o a is eg i aea segme i magi wi a so eioe R1 eig eyo o akee aeioy; aisa wi ays as wie as ee o r-m. aea aaaciaia as wie as aea ow EGS Mie iia wi 1 pd sea 3 p, a 1 v eig 3× eye eig wi a smae oe aoe; i iia wi sea ows

3 ad a ph, a o 5 av seae GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues a AOME meaic coey-gee wi a i 7 wiis usig o T4 a T5; we iewe a a IMESIOS oy eg 5 mm; wig eg age om ei a uuse osomeia ia mm may e see Τ1 + a T3 gey-use eay; T3 wi og aeomagia seuae; T4 wi a ow ye aa ooye mae CO O Ma age o magia seae; T5 wi a ow o magia seae ye ock 155-15 m euay 197 S a a ew isca seae Seies gey-use wi ugae (AC ak ais; st1 wi some yeow GEIAIA Aeeagus iisiguisae om emaks Pollenia consanguinea, P. eurybregma, a o sandaraca (see igues a a P. uniseta, a om e O Ma age (CO IMESIOS oy eg 5 mm; wig eg eese a isic ig-aiue secies-gou mm aig eiey oagy-yeow egs e mie iia wi umeous ad seae a omie eisoma ye aa ooye mae ewis ass 35 egio (igues 1 a 1 a a ey oa os [15 mm] -1 eceme 1957 M Esso (igues 15 a 17 Uouaey e gou is (AC aaye mae W ays ay Ai 191 eesee i e maeia aaiae o me y oy (Mie Coecio AIC; egs missig ee mae secimes eac o wic aeas o e a isic secies ese secies ca e isi- guise om eac oe usig e key caaces P. eurybregma is quie isic o eea mo- lln nrt ew secies oogica eaues om e oe wo u uniseta a consanguinea ae seaae o ess coicig igues a 5 caaces I ae issece eac mae a i e MAE asic esciio as o P. demissa ( 3 geiaia o e acicay ieica Some aios o u ieig i e oowig caaces as o ay ewee e secies a e sceo- EA aaacia usig ese isaio i uniseta is moe eesie u ese OA Mesooum isicy use wi a ieeces ae o oious eoug o e aeci- esuua meia ia a a ai o aea iae ae i iusaios I ae eeoe igue e GEIAIA aaoes a ceci igues a yoygium o oy oe secies as a eame o 5 Aeeagus iisiguisae om a o P. san- e gou daraca (see igue Aso i e AC maeia I ae ou eee IMESIOS oy eg mm; wig eg emae secimes wic amos ceaiy eog o mm is gou A seies o ie om e ock a ia age ae a ey ouig os a eisome ye aa ooye mae MC Mou Somes a ae ossiy coseciic wi P. eurybregma. 1-19 auay 195 ES Gouay (AC ey ie om e mae o eurybregma i aig soge geea seuosiy ce R5 wi a so eioe a ou o ie ad seae o e mie iia A sige secime om ye ock a a lln nnn ew secies seies o ou om e aa Mouais ( ae ossiy coseciic wi uniseta o consanguinea; igues 15 1 a 7 ey ie om e maes i aig soge geea ey simia o P. uniseta ( a i geea seuosiy a e osum o e aome wi a aeaace o P. eurybregma ( 3 u ieig esseae geyis-wie usig iay a sige om o i e oowig caaces emae om Aus ass (C-W wi ou ad EA os 1× as wie as ea wiou seae o e mie iia cosey esemes e ors seae aaaciaia 11 × as wie as aea aa Mouais seies u as yeow umei ow eig 7× eye eig Eisome ouig ese aomia usig a iee os a a ie eyo os aaaciaia wis OA Mesooum wiou a isic e- suua ia; ossuua aea wi isic use iae ie umea seae Seoeuo eiey lln ntt ew secies ak-aie Scuea isca seae weake a a- igues a 9 ea sea EGS Mie iia wi o 5 ad seae; i MAE EA os as wie as aeio oce- iia wi ad. us Gou coou ak ow; ieacia mem- AOME T4 use eay ae oagy A as owis use

—35—35

Sig 3 aaoaia aaaciaia a ows wi ack ai yeow amos aae-sie ucuig seuae os wi 7 ori seae; ee wi a ai aicay o weak vti. iissae isee sigy aoe ei- OA Gou coou ak ow wi soma magi acia iges wi a ew seuae us meaic uis-gee eecios a ey i aoe iissae Aea segmes oagy-ow; wiis usig oious oy we iewe a aisa ays oge a aea wi aaaci- eeme ages umei i emae yeowe Ac aia sigy aowe a aea ow eig + 3 de + 3 5 h, ph, ia + 1 pra, sa, 3× eye eig ai yeow pa. Seoeua ais usuay oay ak; stpl 1 OA Gou coou ack wi weak + 1 emae wi ese moe owis meso- meaic ue eecios a ee gey usig Ac oa usig oy 1 ph, a seoeua ais + 3 dc + 3 h, ph, ia 1pra,sa,+1 1 mosy yeow Scueum wi a ai eac o aica pa. eua ais ack Scueum wi a ai eac magia a asa seae a ais o weake o aica aea a asa seae a a weake is- iscas ca ai WIGS yeowe Eaue owis-yeow; asi- WIGS owis; eaue a asicosa ae cosa yeow Ce R5 cose i magi R1 eig ow Ce R5 cose i magi R1 eig a ie a ie eyo ee o r-m. Squamae owis eyo ee o r-m. Squamae ow EGS oagy-yeow oe iia wi a ow o EGS ow oe iia wi a ow o ad seae so ad seae a p seae; mie iia wi a p seae; mie iia wi 1 ad sea p, ad seae 1 pd, p, a 1 v; i iia wi a ow pd, a 1 v. i iia wi a ow o ad seae 3 o ad seae icuig 3 o soge oes 3 o o pd, a 1 av. pd, a o 3 av. AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic ue eecios u wiou isic usig Τ a ue-gee eecios a i emae wiis-gey Τ5 wi a ow o magia seuae; Τ5 aso wi a usig Τ3 wi weak aeomagia seuae; Τ ew soge iscas wi a ow o magia seuae; Τ5 wi a ow o GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues a magia seuae a a ew soge isca oes 9 GEIAIA Mae yoygium iisiguis- IMESIOS oy eg 35 mm; wig eg ae om a o P. pulverea (see igues a 3 mm 5 IMESIOS oy eg 5- mm; wig ye data. ooye mae AK uia i ouse eg 5-55 mm May 197 M May (AC Type data. Sepimentum demissum: uo escie is secies om a sige secime wic Pollenia demissa (uo I ae eceie o suy om e Caeuy Sepimentum demissum uo 191 7 Holotype Museum I is aee "ye" "Weigo u- emae ew eaa Weigo (CM so" "Seimeum emissum u W uo [eamie] e" "Τ 1 " a "Seimeum emissum u- Pollenia demissa a minor Maoc 193 3 Holotype emae ew eaa Wagaui (CM [eam- o ooye" a is i oo coiio wi e ie] New synonymy. aome missig mos o e egs amage a muc o e oacic seuosiy aae EA os aowe a aeio oceus i Pollenia demissa a minor. Maoc escie mae i emae oe-i as wie as ea Gou is ao om ee emae secimes a om coou oagy-yeow ece o ue a o occi- e Caeuy Museum I ae eceie o suy u i mae a o aaoaia a aaaciaia a sige emae aee y Maoc as "ye" I is i emae wic ae ow A as iy gey- i goo coiio a aoug i as e esu- use u moe yeowis i emae aao- ua ia sea ase i is aaey coseciic wi aia aaaciaia a ows coee wi og demissa. wo aaye emaes om USM ae ack seuae Mae wi 9 o 1 ori seae a a aso coseciic ai o vti; emae wi 1 o 11 ori, a ai o e- eicas ais o ors, a a ai eac o vti a Material examined. ye secimes us 5 o- vte. iissae sog cosse i mae sigy aoe ye eames maes emaes ake oa magi acia iges wi a ew sma seuae ooii 9 Oc 19; 1 mae S u Geeis us aoe iissae Aea segmes oagy; 3 17 a 1959 (M AC segme wi isca wo-is akee; aisa ays amos as og as aea wi aaaciaia as Remarks. Maoc (193 3 escie wo wie as aea ow eig -5× eye eig ew aieies o Ρ demissa, amey minor a

6 cuprea. e seaae em usig e eg o e icuig o 5 oge oes 3 o pd, a av ai a e esece o asece o e oseio (aey 3 suaea seae (esuua ia). I cao see ay AOME meaic ue-gee wiou isic ieece i e ai a e esuua ia is suc usig ece eay o T1 +2awiΤ3; Τ3 a usae sea i is gou a i is o ie use a ow o weak magia seuae; Τ wi a ow o — iee e ooye o demissa as a sog oe magia seae a a ew soge aea iscas; o oe sie a a ey weak oe o e oe I Τ5 wi isca a magia seae i e ye secimes o P. d. minor o e co- GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 5 a seciic wi demissa a ose o P. d. cuprea o 53 eog o a isic secies (see "ew eaa Pol- lenia o uceai ieiy" EMAE Associae emaes ie om maes i e oowig caaces EA os 3× as wie as ea Gou lln dthr ew secies coou oagy-yeow ece o aea aces o igues 5 a 51 ue occiu wic ae ak ow A as use ae owis-yeow aaoaia wi 1- MAE asic esciio as o P. nigripes ( 1 on seae a ai o oucuig ors, a ais u ieig i e oowig caaces o eciae ors. ee wi a ai eac o vti a EA ooic ows oagy aeioy Aisa vte seae aaaciaia × as wie as aea ays oge a aea wi ow eig 3 × OA Gou coou oagy-yeow; meso- eye eig Aea segmes ow oagy oy oum owe eoeuo a yoeuo ak a ase o 3 segme Mesooum esey use owis-gey wi OA Mesooum wi i geyis us- isic iae esuuay a iegua esseae ig aes ossuuay umei a ooeua WIGS ei R1 eig ee wi r-m. oagy eua ais mosy goe Aways oy EGS Mie iia wi 1 ad sea (oe egs 1 ph sea amage i o secimes AOME meaic gee wi a i u isic GEIAIA igues 5 a 51 wiis esseae usig o a egies wic sis aou a meia osa ie ye aa ooye mae AK iiagi e ig IMESIOS oy eg 5-9 mm; wig a 19 eceme 195 C omas (AC eg 75-9 mm aayes 1 mae O auo Waikao ie 31 eceme 193 (AC ye aa ooye mae Mou Owe 5 [ 15 m] 3- euay 19 I ow- se & W omas (AC aayes (1 maes lln dhr ew secies 1 emaes; M AC 1 mae O M ua- igues 11 5 a 53 eu 11 Mac 1957 A Cume; 1 mae u Mouai 11 Mac 19 ES Gouay; 1 MAE asic esciio as o P. sandaraca ( maes 1 emaes same aa as ooye 5 u ieig i e oowig caaces EA os as wie as aeio oceus Occi- emaks Pollenia astrictifrons, P. atricoma, P. u a oseio a o ows akee aa- dyscheres, a P. sandaraca cosiue a ig-ai- oaia wi 1-1 on seae a wi ae aea ue secies-gou ey ae isiciey ous soe a aea ee wiou isic vti. age a aiy wi egs eiey yeowis-oage A as owis-use acia ige wi seuae owee sandaraca may o e eae o e oe o a is eg i aea segme o ee as i is cose o geia caaces o P. akee aeioy; aisa wi ays as og as aerosa, ue wic i is iscusse e emaiig aea wi aaaciaia 17× as wie as ee secies wee iicu o key saisacoiy u aea ow eig 5× eye eig is as ee aciee usig ea aios a coou OA Gou coou ak oie wi a ae caaces ei caeoay is ae usae so i gey usig Mesooum wi 5 o h seae as o ee use i e key ey ca e iie a ph (someimes 1 Seoeuo a eo- o geia caaces io wo gous ose wi euo wi goe ais og i aaoes a ose wi so oa WIGS Ce R5 cose i magi wi a ey oes e ee omia secies keye a so eioe R1 meeig magi ee wi r-m. escie may o eec e ue siuaio ee EGS Mie iia wi ad seae 1 o pd, may e wo aiae secies o moe oay - p, a 1 v; i iia wi a ow o ad seae may siig secies ese ese ossiiiies ca

e oey iesigae oy we muc moe aea ow eig × eye eig iissae maeia ecomes aaiae sog cosse Oa magi wi a ew soge seae Eisome ouig aoe a i o o oa magi a eyo oos Aisa wi so lln ntr ew secies ais e oges oy 3× asa iamee o aisa igues 5 a 55 ai yeow sigy cue OA Gou coou ak gey wi sig MAE EA ooic Gou coou ack; meaic oie eecios a a geyis-ow us- ieacia memae a aeio a o ows ig Mesooum wi a ai o esuua aea oagy A as wi owis usig a ie use iae a a oa use ac o wo- ack seuae aaacia usig sigy geyis is o e ossuua aea Ac + 3 dc + 3 os wi on seae acia iges wi seuae 3 h, 1 ph, ia + 1 pra, 1 sa, pa. eua use o owe a iissae isee a eisoma ma- geyis-wie wi og ack seuae Stpl 1 + 1 gi Aea segmes oagy-ow; 3 segme Scueum wi a ai eac o aica aea asa wi isa wo-is ake; aisa ays as og a (weak isca seae ais eow scueum as aea wi aaaciaia sigy wie a ack aea ow eig 3× eye eig ai yeow WIGS yeowe Eaue ow; asicosa ye- OA Gou coou ack wi meaic owis-oage Ce 5 cose i magi Squamae ue eecios a ey i geyis usig Ac ceamy wi yeow magia ais + 3 dc + 3 5 h, ph, ia + 1 pra, sa, EGS oagy-yeow ece o isamos 3 o pa. eua ais ack Scueum wi a ai eac segmes o eac asus wic ae owis Coae o aica aea a asa seae a ais o wi a i wie usig oe iia wi a ow iscas o weak ad seae a 1 o p seae; mie iia WIGS owis; eaue ow; asicosa wi ad, pd, p, a 1 v; i iia wi a ow yeow Ce 5 oe i magi 1 eig ee o ad seae coaiig 3 o soge oes pd, wi r-m. Squamae ak ow a 3 so av. EGS oagy-ow oe iia wi a ow o ad AOME meaic coey-gee osay seae a p seae; mie iia wi ad seae uuse eay iy gey-use Gou p, pd, a 1 v; i iia wi 3 av seae seuae og ese T1+2 a T3 wi oge seu- AOME Gou coou ack wi ak ae aeay; T4 wi a ow o ie magia seuae; meaic ue eecios a i ee owis- T5 wi some soge isca seae a a ow o gey usig T3 wi soge magia a isca magia seuae Seies wi ack seuae; is seuae aeay; T4 wi a ow o magia seuae 3 segmes gey-use a a ew soge isca oes; T5 wi a ow o GEIAIA iisiguisae om ose o P. con- magia seuae a umeous soge iscas sanguinea (see igues a 7 GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 5 a IMESIOS oy eg mm; wig eg 55 55 mm IMESIOS oy eg 5 mm; wig eg 5 mm ye aa ooye mae CO O Ma age ye ock 155-15 m euay 197 S ye aa ooye mae ioa ugae (AC aioa ak Mio sweeig 3 euay 197 ei (AC emaks See consanguinea ( 35

lln rbr ew secies igues 17 a 1 lln flvntnn ew secies igues 5 a 57 MAE EA os 7× as wie as ea Gou coou oagy-yeow ece o occiu MAE asic esciio as o scalena ( aaoaia a aaaciaia wic ae ak gey u ieig i e oowig caaces A as iy use geyis-wie Ieoaia EA ooic ace oage Aeio a o ma wi some ie ack ais magiay os ows oagy wi oagy usig iissae wi 5 o on seae a a ai eac o ors, vti, a isee aoe eisoma magi acia iges te. aaoaia aaaciaia ows a occiu seuose o a ei eg Aea segmes wi ie ack seuae owe a o ows wi oage; aisa ais oge a aea wi some ae ais aaaciaia 17 × as wie as ow eig × eye eig

3 OA Mesooum wi iisic use yeType data. uo escie Sepimentum fumo- esuua iae wo ph seae ia 1+ sum om a usae ume o secimes o o WIGS ak ow asay Ce R5 oe Squa- sees coece a Ciscuc a Asuo mae ak ow om e Caeuy Museum I ae eceie o EGS Mie iia wi ad seae suy wo maes a wo emaes ou ue is GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 5 a ame a mae aee "Ciscuc o Asu- 57 o"; a mae a a emae aee "Asuo W IMESIOS oy eg 5 mm; wig eg W Smi"; a a emae aee "Ciscuc" mm o maes a e Ciscuc emae ae i goo coiio u e Asuo emae as e ao- ye data. ooye mae eso akes me ig i eg a a e e egs missig I aioa ak wes sie o ake ooii 1 e- ae aee a ee esigae e mae aee uay 197 swe om ussock A aiso "Ciscuc o Asuo" as lectotype, a e (C aayes 3 maes same aa as ooye oe ee secimes as paralectotypes. A ou (M C secimes agee wi uos esciio a e esciio gie ee lln f (uo Maeia eamie ye secimes us 5 o- igues 5 a 59 ye eames 1 mae 1 emae "19-31 Ca Sepimentum fumosum uo 191 7 ecoye mae W uo"; 1 mae 1 emae "97- Cak"; ew eaa Ciscuc o Asuo (CM; 1 mae O Cow age 3 [ 15 m] 19 see esigaio eow e 195 (M AC

EA os i mae as wie as aeio oceus emaks is secies as ae aiae eg co- i emae oe-i as wie as ea Gou coou ouaio a o a easo occus i ee sea- yeow i emae i mae ak ow ece o ae coues i e key Maes o eac coou om ieacia memae a owe a o ows wic ae ee issece a e geiaia oe o e ae oagy A as esey gey-use iissae ieica Aa om e eg coou a oe ca isee aoe eisoma magi Aisa ais ae cosa a I am eeoe eaig e-aces oge a aea wi aaaciaia sigy ee oms as a sige aiae secies wie a aea ow eig 39× eye eig ai yeow OA Gou coou ack o ma oie lln hpd ew secies gee wi ee ese siey-gey usig emae igues a 1 wi yeow umei Ac + 3 dc + 3 h, 1 o ph, ia + 1 pra, sa, pa. eua ais MAE EA os 3× as wie as aeio yeow Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum wi a ai eac o oceus Gou coou ack; ieacia mem- aica aea a asa seae a a weake isca ae a a sma ac o owemos a o ows ai oagy A as use owis-gey a wi WIGS owis aog cosa Eaue a asi- ie ack seuae os uccae wi yeow ais cosa owis-yeow Ce R5 cose i magi os wi oy ori seae e ue oes iis- R1 eig ee wi r-m. Squamae ow ic iissae isee sigy aoe eisoma EGS emoa yeow o ow; iiae yeow magi acia iges wi seuae o owe oe- o owis-yeow; asi ack oe iia wi a i Aea segmes oagy; 3 segme ow o so ad seae a p seae; mie iia owis a ae; aisa ays as og as aea wi 1 ad sea 1 o d, a o 3 p; i iia wi aaaciaia aowe a aea ow wi 1 o av seae eig × eye eig ai yeow AOME ma oie gee wi a ese siey- OA Gou coou ack wi meaic gey usig T1 + 2 wi some oge aeoma- oie-gee eecios a i geyis usig gia seuae; Τ3 wi a isic ow o magia wic oms iegua uuse iae we iewe seuae; Τ wi a ow o magia seae; Τ5 wi a aious ages Ac + 3 dc + 3 h, ph, a ow o magia seae a some soge iscas Ia + 1 pra, sa, pa. eua ais ack GEIAIA aaoes a ceci igues 5 a ece aou osigmaa sea wee ey ae 59 Aeeagus iisiguisae om a o P. pul- yeowis Scueum wi a ai eac o aica a- verea (see igue ea a asa seae a ais o iscas IMESIOS oy eg mm; wig eg WIGS owis-yeow; eaue a asicosa 55 mm ae ow Ce R5 oe i magi R1 eig a

ie eyo ee o r-m. Squamae ceamy-ow IMESIOS oy eg 1-13 mm; wig EGS oagy-ow oe iia wi a ow o ad eg 1 mm seae a p seae; mie iia wi 3 o ad seae o 3 pd, p, a 1 v; i iia wi o ye aa ooye mae CO O Ma age 5 av seae 1375-17 m euay 197 ose & AOME Gou coou ack wi ak S ugae (AC aayes 1 mae CO O meaic ue-gee eecios a i owis- Ma age wes sie 157 m 19 e 197; 1 gey usig T3 wi some oge aeomagia mae O Caia Seam ige sou o Mou seuae; T4 a T5 wi a ow o magia seuae; ick Maaua aey -5 [ 1-15 m] T5 aso wi oge isca seuae 17 a 1971 (AC GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues a 1 IMESIOS oy eg 5 mm; wig eg lln nlr ew secies mm igues a 5 ye aa ooye mae CO O Ma age MAE EA os as wie as aeio oce- ye ock 155-15 m euay 197 S us Gou coou ack; oy ieacia mem- ugae (AC ae oagy A as wi owis-gey usig aaoaia aaaciaia a ows wi ie lln n ew secies ack seuae os uccae wi yeow ais os wi 7 on seae a a ai o vti. iissae isee igues a 3 us aoe eisoma magi acia iges wi MAE EA os 1.5× as wie as aeio seuae o owe oe-i Aea segmes oceus Gou coou ack; aeio ows oagy oagy e oes ow Aisa ays soe a A as coee wi og ie ack ais ece aea wi aaaciaia wice as wie as e os uccae wic ae oage ais aa- aea ow eig 5× eye eig ai ow oaia a occiu geyis-use; ows wi OA Gou coou ack wi oie-gee oagy usig os wi 1-1 on seae; ee eecios a geyis usig wic oms iis- wiou isic vti. iissae isee we aoe ic esuua iae Ac + 3 dc + 3 h, eisoma magi acia iges seuose o owe ph, ia + 1 pra, sa, pa. eua ais ae a Aea segmes oagy; 3 segme ow o ack Scueum wi a ai eac o ai- owis a ae; aisa ays as og as aea ca aea a asa seae a a weake ai o wi aaaciaia 17 5 × as wie as aea ow iscas eig 1 × eye eig ai yeow WIGS owis; eaue ow; asicosa yeow Ce R5 OA Gou coou ack wi oie cose wi a so eioe ei eecios a ee gey usig Mesooum wi R1 eig a ie eyo r-m. Squamae ow EGS ow oe iia wi a ow o ad seae iegua uuse iae aae we iewe a p aious ages o ig Ac dc a seae; mie iia wi ad seae p, + 3 + 3 5 o pd, v; h, ph, ia + 1 pra, sa, pa. eua ais a 1 i iia wi a ow o ad seae 3 yeow Scueum wi a ai eac o aica aea pd, a av. a asa seae a ais o weake iscas AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic WIGS yeowis; eaue a asicosa ae gee a coey eecios a a ee geyis ow Ce R5 R1 usig T3 wi a ew soge aeomagia seae; cose wi a so eioe T4 eig eyo ee o r-m. Squamae ceamy wi a ow o magia seae a a ew aea isca oes; T5 EGS ow asi wi oima 3 segmes wi a ow o magia seae a oagy oe iia wi a ow o ad seae a p umeous isca oes seae; mie iia wi 3 ad seae o 3 pd, o GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues a 3 p, a 1 v; i iia wi a ow eac o ad a 5 pd seae a o 5 av. IMESIOS oy eg 55 mm; wig eg 5 mm AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic gee-ue eecios a i esseae siey usig T4 wi a ow o oge magia seuae; ye aa ooye mae Sewa Isa (SI T5 wi a gou seuae oge a ey cose- ae i 1-35 [5-715 m] 1 euay se aog oseio magi 19 S ugae (AC GEIAIA yaium ey eose yo- ygium igues a 3

lln ltvrtx ew secies a ays soe a aea wi aaaciaia igues a 7 as wie as aea ow eig × eye eig ai yeowis MAE EA os 5 × as wie as aea OA Gou coou ack wi uis- Gou coou ow Ieoaia a iea- ack siy eecios a i geyis usig cia memae oagy A as wi a ese gey Mesooum wi a ai eac o meia a aea usig wic ecomes owis ceay o ows iae e meia ai eacig eyo suue e aaoaia aaaciaia a ows wi ume- aea ai amos eacig scueum Ac + 3 ous ack seuae os wi 9 ori seae ee dc + 3 h, 1 ph, ia 1 + 1 pra, sa, pa. wi a ai eac o vti a vte seae iissae sog eua ais ack Scueum wi a ai eac o cosse isee a eisoma magi Eisome aica aea a asa seae a a weake isca oecig i o o oa magi acia ige wi ai a ew sma seuae us aoe iissa Aea WIGS yaie; eaue ak ow; asicosa segmes oagy; 3 segme wi isca wo-is yeowis-ow Ce R5 cose i magi R1 ow; aisa ays as og as aea wi aa- eig i magi eyo ee o r-m. Squamae aciaia as wie as aea ow eig × eye ak ow eig ai owis-yeow EGS emoa a iiae ow; asi ow- OA Gou coou ak ow wi is-yeow oe iia wi a ow o ie ad seae some meaic oie eecios a a ee gey- a p seae; mie iia wi 1 ad ses pd, is-ow usig Ac + 3 dc + 3 h, 1 ph, a 3 p; i iia wi a ow o ie ad seae a a + 1 pra, sa, pa. eua aiig ak ow o pd, a 5 o so av. Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum wi a ai eac o aica AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic aea a asa seae a weake ais o iscas ue eecios u wiou isic usig WIGS owis; eaue a asicosa ae Gou seuae og ese; magia a isca owis-yeow Ce R5 cose i magi R1 seuae o isic eig a ie eyo ee o r-m. Squamae ae GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues a ow 9 EGS ow; asi yeowe oe iia wi a ow IMESIOS oy eg 5 mm; wig eg o so ad seae a ph seae; mie iia wi 5 mm 1 ad sea p, pd, a 1 ; i iia wi ad seae 3 pd, a 3 av. Type aa Holotype: mae (wi uaium AOME Gou coou ak ow wi Mou ae 3 [1155 m] ue soes 19 meaic gee eecios a a i geyis us- auay 197 S ugae (AC ig Τ3 wi a ew aeomagia seae; Τ wi a ow o magia seae; Τ5 wi a ow o magia seae a a ew soge isca seae lln nrplp ew secies GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues a igues 7 a 71 7 IMESIOS oy eg mm; wig eg EA os i mae 3× as wie as aeio 3 mm oceus i emae 3× as wie as ea Gou coou ak ow o ack; memaous as Type aa Holotype: mae Sewa Isa (SI oagy i some secimes A as wi a i ae i 1-35 [5-715 m] 1 euay gey usig aaoaia aaaciaia a ows 19 S ugae (AC wi ack seuae os wi 7 ori seae a aiioay i emae wi 3 ors. ee wi a ai eac o vti a vte i emae iissae cosse lln lpd ew secies isee a eisoma magi acia iges wi a igues a 9 ew so seuae us aoe iissae Aea segmes ak ow; 3 segme oagy a ase MAE EA os as wie as aaaciaia i some secimes; aisa ays as og as aea Gou coou ak ow ece o aeio a wi aaaciaia aowe a aea ow o ows wic is oagy-ow aaoaia eig × eye eig ai ack i mae ye- esey seuose; ori seae o isic aaaciaia owis-ow i emae a ows wi og ack seuae iissae OA Gou coou ack wi meaic isee aoe eisoma magi acia iges wi oie eecios a iegua siey-gey usig ie seuae o a ei eg Aea segmes Mesooum wi a isic meia ia a a ai mosy oagy; 3 segme owis isay; ais- o aea esuua use iae Ac + 3 dc

-41- + 3 3 h, 1 ph, ia + 1 pra, sa, pa. eua a a soe oe aoe pd, p, a 1 v; i ais ack Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum wi a ai eac iiaav. wi a ow o ad seae 3 o pd, a o 3 o aica aea a asa seae a a weake is- ca ai AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic WIGS owis-ige; eaue a asicosa gee eecios u wiou isic usig T3 ow Ce R5 oe i wig magi R4+ 5 cu- wi a ow o weak magia seae; T4 a T5 wi ig owwas eig a wig i R1 eig a ow o magia seae a a ew soge isca sigy i o o r-m. Squamae ow oes EGS ak ow oe iia wi a ow o so GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 7 a ad seae a p seae; mie iia wi 1 ad sea 73 pv, p, a 1 v; i iia wi 3 ad seae 3 pd, IMESIOS oy eg 5 mm; wig eg a 1 o av. mm AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic gee a coey eecios T3 wi a ew ye aa As gie ue auosi ciaio soge magia seuae aeay; T4 wi a ow aoe o magia seuae; T5 wi a ow o magia Maeia eamie ooye mae us o- seuae a a ew soge isca oes ye eames 1 mae eeo Sae awai GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 7 a Sae oes o mecuy aou ig Ma 197; 73 1 mae eeo sie o Iagaua ucio IMESIOS oy eg 35- mm; wig 5 o 195 (AC eg 35- mm ye aa ooye mae ee Kigs Isas lln nr Maoc Gea Isa a ig 1 oeme 197 Mcuey (AC aayes 1 maes emaes igues 7 a 75 ye ocaiy o 197 (M AC; coec- Pollenia nigrisquama Maoc 193 319 Holotype mae io eais icue "Casaway Cam" "asma ew eaa W Kumaa (USM [eamie] aey" "Leptospermum ericoides a Coprosma', a "Cordyline owes" EA os i mae sigy wie a aeio oceus i emae 31 × as wie as ea Gou lln nrp Maoc coou ack A as use siey-gey a wi ie ack seuae Mae wi 1-1 oi seae; emae igues 7 a 73 wi 9-11 oi a a ai eac o vti a vte. iis- Pollenia nigripes Maoc 193 3 Holotype mae ew sae isee us aoe eisoma magi acia eaa W Kumaa (USM [eamie] iges seuose o owe a Aea segmes ack; aisa ays oge a aea wi MAE EA os a as wie as aeio aaaciaia 5× as wie as aea ow eig oceus Gou coou ack A as owis- × eye eig ai ow use os wi on seae a umeous so OA Gou coou ack wi meaic ack seuae aaaciaia a ows wi ack oie-gee eecios a i iegua geyis seuae iissae isee a eisoma magi usig Ac + 3 dc + 3 3 h, ph (1 i emae acia iges wi so seuae o a ei eg ia + 1 pra, sa, pa. eua ais ow Aea segmes oage; aisa ays as og as Scueum wi a ai eac o aica aea a aea wi aaaciaia sigy aowe a asa seae a ais o iscas aea ow eig 3 3 × eye eig ai WIGS yeowis o owis; eaue a asi- owis-yeow cosa ak ow Ce R5 oe R1 eig a ee OA Gou coou ack wi oie o r-m. Squamae yeowis-ow o ow eecios ae ma u wiou isic us- EGS ak ow oe iia wi a ow o ad ig Ac + 3 dc + 3 h, 1 ph, ia 1 + 1 seae a p seae; mie iia wi 1 ad sea pra, sa, pa. eua ais ack Scueum wi p, pd, a 1 v; i iia wi a ow o ad seae a ai eac o aica aea a asa seae a a 3 o pd, a 1 av. weake isca ai AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic WIGS owis; eaue a asicosa ow ue-gee eecios T1+2 a T3 wi aeo- Ce R1 eig a ie eyo ee o r-m. Squa- magia seuae; T4 a T5 eac wi a ow o mae amos ack magia seuae; T5 wi a ew soge isca seae EGS ow oe iia wi a ow o weak ad GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 7 a seae a p seae; mie iia wi ad seae 75

42 IMESIOS oy eg 5 mm; wig eg wi a 3 segme aaaciaia as wie as 55- mm aea (ows amage ai ack OA Gou coou ack wi oaes- ye aa As gie ue auosi ciaio ce geeis-ue meaic eecios A as aoe wi a i geyis usig Ac + 3 dc + 3 3 h, 1 ph, ia + 1 pra, sa, pa. eua ais Maeia eamie ooye us 11 o-ye ack Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum wi a ai eac o eames ( maes 3 emaes; M AC aica aea asa a isca seae C O / WIGS yaie; eaue a asicosa ak Coece a moeae aiues (eg 3-5 m ow Ce R5 oe R4+ 5 eig i magi we ie aie Isa C; u o 9-1 m eoe wig i R1 eig ee wi r-m. Squa- ogaio aioa ak O mae ow ake i auay a oeme EGS ak ow oe iia wi a ow o ad aia ecos "wiow" a "scu a seae a p seae; mie iia wi 1 ad sea gass" pd, a 1 v; i iia wi ad seae a 3 pd. AOME Gou coou ack wi oaes- ce meaic geeis-ue eecios u wiou lln ntl ew secies isic usig Τ3 Τ a T5 eac wi a is- ic ow o magia seae; Τ a T5 aso wi igues 7 a 77 some soge isca seuae MAE asic esciio as o P. insularis ( GEIAIA aaoes a ceci igues 7 a u ieig i e oowig caaces 79 Aeeagus simia o a o P. nigripalpis (see EA os sigy wie a aeio oce- igue 7 u aaaus moe sceoise a us A as use siey-gey os wi ori aeio oecio o isiaus oie seae; vti o isic os uccae wi ack ais IMESIOS oy eg 5 mm; wig eg acia iges seuose o wo-is o ei eg mm Aea segmes 3 oagy i oima a oes ow; aisa ays ey so ess a a ye aa ooye mae akaka i aea wi ow eig 1 × eye eig [1 m] 1 eceme 1953 ES Gouay OA eey iy use Dc 3 + 3 3 h. (AC eua ais ack WIGS asicosa ackis-ow Ce R5 oe lln r ew secies EGS Mie iia wi ad seae a a soe oe aoe (i egs missig MAE asic esciio as o P. fumosa ( 39 AOME as oa as oa meaic gee-ue u ieig i e oowig caaces wi a i wiis usig wic is isie oy EA os 3× as wie as aeio oceus we iewe a a age om ei aaaciaia × as wie as aea ai ow- GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 7 a is-yeow 77 OA Oe ph sea eua ais wie IMESIOS oy eg mm; wig eg WIGS R5 oe i wig magi Squamae 55 mm wie GEIAIA aaoes a ceci iisiguis- ye aa ooye mae Sewa Isa (SI ae om ose o P. fumosa (see igues 5 a ae i u Ceek 1 [3 m] 1 e- 59 Aeeagus iisiguisae om a o P. pul- uay 19 S ugae (AC verea (see igue IMESIOS oy eg mm; wig eg 55 mm lln pln ew secies ye aa ooye mae CO usa age igues 7 a 79 [ = usa Mouais] summi 159-15 m 3 euay 197 S ugae (AC MAE EA ooic Gou coou ak ow aaoaia wi 9 or seae iissae isee aoe eisoma magi acia iges seuose o a ei eg ase o 3 aea segme oagy; aisa ays as og as aea

3 lln prnx (uo ew comiaio emaks is uusua secies was oigiay igues a 1 escie as a acii u Maoc (193 co- ecy assige i o e Caioiae As e a Gymnophania pernix uo 191 1 ecoye emae ie maeia Maoc was i some ou as o y suseque esigaio o Maoc (193 wee pernix eesee a isic geus I co- 3 ew eaa MC Ciscuc (CM [eamie] sie i o e a Pollenia. I as some uusua ca- aces suc as is siy ack gou coou ugose EA os i mae wice as wie as aeio ows + 1 stpl seaio a weak oseio ac oceus i emae × as wie as ea Gou seae u is geea aeaace is ike a o oe coou siy ack; memaous aeas oagy i ew eaa Pollenia, a e aeeagus is o e emae aaoaia a aaaciaia use si- asic Pollenia om ey-gey aaoaia aaaciaia a ows wi og ack seuae os uccae wi some oagy ais ows ugose os i mae wi 1-1 on lln prv ew secies a a ai eac o vti a vte. iissae a oa igues a 3 seae sog; iissae isee aoe eisoma magi acia iges wi seuae o wo-is o MAE EA os 3× as wie as aeio ei eg Aeae 1s a segmes ack; oceus Gou coou ack; ieacia mem - 3 segme oagy-ow; aisa ae o wi ae oagy A as esey use geyis- so ays o oima oe-i aaaciaia 15 × ow aaoaia aaaciaia a ows wi as wie as aea ow eig 5× eye eig ack seuae os uccae wi oagy ais os ai ak ow wi 11 on seae; ee wi a ai o weak vii. iissae isee aoe eisoma magi acia OA Gou coou ack mosy siy Mesooum wi i iegua usig Ac + 1 iges wi a ew seuae us aoe iissae Ais- dc + 1 (oseio oes iisic 3 h , ph (1 a ays as og as aea wi Aea seg- i emae ia 0 + eua ais ack Stpl 0 + mes oagy; 3 segme owis o isa wo- 1 Scueum wi a ai eac o aica aea a is aaaciaia a ie ess a wice as wie asa seae a ais o iscas as aea ow eig a eye eig ai yeow OA Gou coou ack wi oie a WIGS owis; eaue a asicosa ack Ce R5 wiey oe ei R1 eig eyo ee ow eecios ae ma; mesooum wi o r-m. Squamae owis iegua use iae Ac + 3 dc + 3 ph, 3 h, ia 1 + 1 pra, sa, 1 o pa. EGS siy ack oe iia wi a ow o so eua ais ad seae a p seae; mie iia wi 1 o ad mosy goe-yeow Scueum wi a ai eac seae pd, p, a 1 v; i iia wi - ad o aica aea a asa seae a a weake is- seae 3 o pd, a av. ca ai WIGS AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic yeowis-ow; eaue ak ow; uis-ack o gee eecios u wiou is- asicosa yeowis Ce R5 oe R1 eig eoe ic usig Τ a Τ5 wi a ow o magia ee o r-m. Squamae ceamy wi a oa ow seuae a some soge isca seuae magi EGS GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues a ow; iiae oagy a some ages o ig 1 oe iia wi a ow o ad seae a p seae; IMESIOS oy eg 7-9 mm; wig mie iia wi 1 ad sea p, pd, a 1 v; i eg 5-75 mm iia wi a ow o ad seae pd, a 1 av. AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic ye aa As gie ue auosi ciaio oie-gee eecios a a ese siey-gey aoe usig wic amos oscues eecios T1 + 2 a Τ3 wi some aea magia seuae; Τ a Maeia eamie ecoye us o-ye T5 wi a ow o magia seuae a some eames (11 maes 31 emaes; AIC ΜΝΗ soge iscas C AC GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues a W / S C MC / SI 3 Coece a aou sea ee u o 15 m IMESIOS oy eg mm; wig eg (Mou Owe 5 mm ake i auay-Ai a Seeme- ye aa ooye mae MC Mou Somes eceme 1-19 auay 195 ES Gouay (AC aa- aia ecos "ea soe" Coecio ye mae same aa as ooye u coece y meos oe "sweeig" M Esso (AC

44 lln plvr ew secies emaks wo siig secies may e icue igues a 5 ue e ame Ρ plvr as e secimes aee "o ig" a "i ogs" ie om e EA os as wie as aeio oceus Gou oe wo i aig ae seoeua ais squa coou ackis-ow ece o ieoaia mae a ows Oy moe maeia o comai- ieacia memae a owe a o ows so ca esoe is quesio wic ae oagy A as iy gey-use aaoaia aaaciaia a ows coee wi ie ack seuae os wi 7 o ori seae e- lln ndr ew secies e wi a weak ai o vti. iissae sog cosse igues a 7 isee we aoe eisoma magi acia ige wi seuae o a is eg Aea segmes MAE EA os as wie as aeio oce- oagy; 3 segme akee aicay; aisa ays us Gou coou yeowis-oage ece o amos as og as aea wi aaaciaia 15× occiu aaoaia a ue aaaciaia wic as wie as aea ow eig × eye eig ae ak ow A as iy use yeowis- ai yeow amos aae-sie ucuig gey Ieoaia oage ae os wi og aicay ie ori seae ee wi a ai o weak vii. aa- OA Gou coou ak ow wi oie oaia aaaciaia a ows coee wi og meaic eecios a siey-gey usig ie ack seuae; oseio a o ows wi Mesooum wi a ai o aea iae a a goe ais iissae isic cosse we aoe meia use ia esuuay ossuuay wi eisoma magi acia ige wi 5 o seuae a iegua esseae usig umei a oo- us aoe iissa Aea segmes oagy; 3 eua esey use Ac + 3 dc + 3 5 h, segme owis aeioy; aisa wi ays a ph (aey 1 ia + 1 pra, sa, pa. Seo- as wie as aea aaaciaia sigy wie a euo wi ae a ak ais Scueum wi aea ow eig 55× eye eig ai yeow a ai eac o aica aea asa a (weake aae-sie ucuig aicay isca seae OA Gou coou eis-oage; WIGS sigy owis Eaue owis- mesooum a as o eua akee A as yeow; asicosa yeow Ce R5 cose i magi wi gey usig Mesooum wi iegua a- wi a eioe a as og as r-m. Squamae ae ea iae oe iewe a a age om ei ow R1 eig sigy aeio o ee o r-m. umei a ooeua o akee Ac + 3 dc h, 1 ph, Ia pra, sa, pa. EGS oagy-yeow ece o isamos a- + 3 + 1 sa segmes o eac eg a osa suace o Seoeuo a eoeuo mosy oagy emoa wic ae owis oe emoa wi i wi yeow ais; mesoeuo wi ak ais Still wiis usig oe iia wi a ow o so ad 1 + 1 Scueum wi a ai eac o aica aea seae a p seae; mie iia wi ad seae a asa seae ais o isca seae a esse- pd, p, a 1 ; i iia wi a ow o ad seae ae gey usig coaiig 3 o soge oes o 5 pd, a WIGS yeowe Eaue a asicosa oagy- o 3 av. yeow Ce R5 cose i magi R1 eig i r-m. AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic magi a ee o Squamae ae ow wi gee a coey eecios a esseae si- goe-ow magia ais ey-gey usig T1 + 2 wi some oge aeo- EGS oagy-yeow ece o ow asa magia seuae; Τ3 wi a isic ow o weak aices oe coae wi wiis usig oe iia magia seuae; Τ wi a ow o magia seae; wi a ow o so ad seae a p seae; mie Τ5 wi a ow o magia seae a some soge iia wi ad seae a sma i oe aoe o iscas oe sie a seae i a ow sigy ei pd ad GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues a osiio; i iia wi a ow o seae co 5 o 5 soge oes 5 o pd, a av. -aiig IMESIOS oy eg 5 mm; wig eg AOME meaic coey-gee wi a i 5 mm esseae wiis usig wic sis aou a o- sa meia ie a is ese eay T1 + wi ye aa ooye mae Sewa Isa (SI some soge seuae aeay; Τ3 wi a ow o ae i 1-35 [5-715 m] 1 euay weak magia seuae; Τ wi a ow o magia 19 S ugae (AC aayes 3 maes seae a some isic aea isca seae; Τ5 wi Sewa Isa akeaua aey -19 e 19 a ow o magia seae a umeous isca seae (M AC Coecio eais "o ig" GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues a "as a us" "i ogs" 7

5 IMESIOS oy eg mm; wig eg oig; 1 emae same aa u a 197; 1 7 mm mae same aa u 1 a 1971; 1 mae eas e o ige Sou-wes omooy 13 e 197 ye aa ooye mae Sewa Isa (SI sweeig Anisotome acutifolia, S oig; 11 akeaua aey 1 euay 19 o mecuy maes ea ioogica Saio Poa astonii, 3 e aou ig S ugae (AC 197 Μ os

emaks See emaks o P. dyscheres, 37 lln nt ew secies lln ln ew secies ey simia o P. eurybregma, u ieig i e igues a 9 oowig caaces EA os 17× as wie as ea wi a ai EA os i mae wice as wie as aeio o oucuig ors a ee o ocea iage Ie- oceus i emae 3 5 × as wie as ea Gou oaia o yeowe aeioy aaaciaia 13× coou ak ow ece o ieoaia a as wie as aea ow eig 51 × eye eig ieacia memae a i emae o ace a o Eisome ouig a ie eyo os Ocea wic ae oagy A as gey-use u moe seae soge a i eurybregma, as sog as a owis i emae iissae sog cosse a ori. eisoma magi Aisa ais so oe-i as OA Mesooum wi a isic esu- wie as aea aaaciaia wie a aea ua meia ia; ossuua aea wi use ow eig 5× eye eig ai yeow iae ie umea seae Scuea isca seae OA ak ow wi meaic oie eec- amos as sog as aeas Seoeuo a ios a ee owis-gey usig wic oms eoeuo wi some ae ais a ai o aea esuua iae we iewe a EGS Mie iia wi 3 ad seae; i iia a age om ei Ac + 3 dc + 3 5 h, ia wi 5 o av. + 1 ph (wi o wiou a weake seco oe GEIAIA simia o ose o P. consanguinea, 1 pra, sa, pa. eua ais ack Stpl + 1 u ue a o aaoes ess uous a Scueum wi a ai eac o aica aea a aeeagus moe sceoise o yoaus isca seae e iscas weak IMESIOS oy eg mm; wig eg WIGS Eaue a asicosa yeow Ce 55 mm cose wi a so eioe eig a ee o r-m. Squamae ae ow ye aa ooye mae CO O Ma age EGS emoa ow i mae yeow i emae wes sie 157 m 19 euay 197 S ugae iiae yeow isamos 3 asa segmes ow; (AC asa segmes yeow oe iia wi a ow o so ad seae a p seae; mie iia wi 1 ad sea emaks See P. consanguinea ( 35 o 3 p, a 1 v; i iia wi av seae AOME meaic ue-gee wi a i gey usig i emae Τ3 wi a weak ow o magia EW EAA OEIA seae; Τ a Τ5 wi a ow o magia seae a some soge iscas aeay O UCEAI IEIY GEIAIA Mae aaoes a ceci igues lln trfr Maoc a 9 Aeeagus iisiguisae om a o Pollenia atrifemur Maoc 193 31 ooye mae P. dyscheres (see igue 5 ew eaa MC Ue ooaa (CM IMESIOS oy eg - mm; wig [eamie] eg - mm e ooye is ey ay amage aig oy ye aa ooye mae e Saes isas e wo wigs e o o e oa a a eg ioogica Saio o Hebe elliptica, 9 Mac 197 emaiig I is eeoe imossie o ace e S oig (AC aayes (3 maes 1 ame saisacoiy i my key ee we e oo- emaes; M AC 3 maes 3 emaes same ye is use i coucio wi Maocs esci- aa as ooye; 1 maes 5 emaes egui Co- io I us ou ea notialis, u cao e oy 3 a 197 eaig mie oiage S o- ace wi ceaiy ig; 3 maes 5 emaes ioogica Saio e 1971 o oiage o Poa astonii, A es; 1 mae same ocaiy 11 Ma 1971 sweeig Poa annua, S

46 lln pr Maoc ee is a ossiiiy a a i oacic se- Pollenia demissa a cuprea Maoc 193 33 oo- cies — angustigena Waiwig 19 — may u ye emae ew eaa WI Wagaui (USM u i ew eaa ike rudis i acks e ue [eamie] o ae ais o e uesie o e h-sc ucio u i ies om rudis i aig oy oe ad sea e ooye is i oo coiio wi oy e (aey wo o e mie iia a aowe os wigs wo egs a a o e oa e o e i e mae a oma (o ese esiue o i I ae eamie a ume o emaes icu- e ea a o e mae aomia egies ig wo aayes om USM wic aea o e coseciic wi e ooye I cao cocu- siey associae em wi ay maes a I ae so e ame is icue oy i e key o emaes Geus tln ei a as a isic secies Ptilonesia ei 197 (as a sugeus o Calliphora). ye-secies Pollenia auronotata Macqua 155 y oigia esigaio ΝΟΤΕ O WO OACIC SECIES O OEIA ea icoic i o sees Eyes esey aie ors. ECEY IOUCE O EW EAA Aisa umose o sees wiou Oceas ase Suasquama ige ae Sem-ei ae [e susace o is oe was kiy oie y Oue ph ese oseum a oeuo Ku oges a ieis om oway wo is cu- aie owe squama aie o magi Sucosa ey eamiig e aoomy o oe emi- sceie seose euoegie ae Mae 5 egie see Pollenia. See aso oe o 1] geay eage a cocae aeay emae 5 wo oacic secies o Pollenia oieau- egie wi sog magia seae a a ee osa esoiy 13 ae ecey ee coece i o icisio ea Aucka a secimes (ow i AC wee oae o me o suy y A ooway A Remarks. Ptilonesia ca e isiguise om a mae a a emae o Pollenia rudis (aicius oe ew eaa Caioiae y e ae sem- 179 wee iecee i cago om e USA o ei a euoegie aie squamae a o- 11 Mac 191 Susequey 9 maes a 9 emaes euo esey aie eyes a ack ai o a iee secies wee caue a a suua Asecs o geea mooogy ae iusae i ocaio ioos as we as ouoos igues 5 a 1 e ae secimes eog o a wiesea u ieo uecogise secies aie o rudis u tln rntt (Macqua easiy isiguise om i i o sees y e igues 5 1 9 a 91 esece o a ue o ae ais o e uesie Pollenia auronotata Macqua 155 135 (ei 115 o e wig a e ucio o eis h a sc. e ecoye emae ew eaa (M; see es- mae ca aso e ecogise y e asece om igaio eow e mie i o e i iia o ay eec av Calliphora hortona o auos u o Wake ais — oy oma ecume seuae ae es- [misieiicaios] e esies e av seae (i rudis maes ee ae umeous eec ogis av ais i aiio o e EA icoic i o sees; eyes esey aie av seae i is osiio e ea esiue o seaae y × wi o a eye i mae a y e mae aomia egies is ess ese a ie a eye wi i emae Gou coou ack a i rudis maes; ae i is simia o e o- Ieoaia iy use gey wi ie ack sa esiue ee ae aso cosa a isic seuae aaoaia use gey a ow wi ieeces i e sucue o e isiaus o umeous ie ack seuae aaaciaia esey rudis a e uame secies ae a eas o use gey a ow wi og ie ack seu- 3 ad seae o e mie iia ae ows gey-use wi ack seuae ace gey- Uouaey e uescie secies cao e use ige meiay Ieacia memae ame wi ceaiy as ye e ooye o Pol- iy gey-use ae Occiu use siey- lenia obscura igo 1 eogs o is ao u gey wi yeow ais Mae wi 1-1 ori seae igos ame cao e use as i is a uio a a ai o vti; emae wi 13-15 ori a a ai secoay omoym eoccuie i Pollenia y eac o eeicas vti, a vte. iissae sog Musca obscura aicius 179 igos obscura as cosse acia ige wi so sou seuae o og ee eae as a syoym o rudis, u is a is eg Aea segmes ow; 3 seg- is a eo me iy gey-use; aisa wi og ais o-

4 say o oima wo-is a ie so ais eg missig a a im o gue o e ea suace eay ai ackis-ow oue a o e aome e oe ee ae i ai co- sigy iae aicay Meum gossy ow iio I ae aee a ee esigae e OA Gou coou ack Mesooum secime wi e aiioa ae as lectotype a gey-use wi iisic uuse iae ewee e oes as paralectotypes. e ecoye a wo sea ows ac a dc. Ac + 3 dc 3 + 3 h, o e aaecoyes agee wi e mos ece ph, ia 3 + o 3 pra, o 3 sa, pa. eua ieeaio o is secies (eg Kuaasi 1971 gey-use wi ack seuae euoegie wi e i aaecoye wi oage ai is a ow ie o siaces oage Stpl + 1 Scu- secime o Xenocalliphora hortona (Wake eum wi a ai eac o aica magia a isca seae a ais o aeas Material examined. ye secimes us o- WIGS eis ackis-ow asicosa a ye eames (19 maes 3 emaes; AIC eaue oage Sucosa sceie oage seuose M C AC Squamae iuscae ow; owe oe wi a wie WO G WI W / C SC O / SI magi eaig wie ais a wi og ak ais / Caam Is / Aioes Is o osa suace; ue oe ae asay wi Coece agey aou sea ee o a ow ee- ow magia ais aios; iges aiue ecoe 3 m (aaise EGS ack Coae ocaes a emoa O geyis-use oe iia wi a ow o so ad ake i auay euay May Augus a seae a pv; mie iia wi 3 o ad seae Ocoe-eceme 1 pd, - p, a 1 v; i iia wi 3 o ad, 3 aia ecos "eac" "ea soe" "oe- o av, a o 3 pd. ue" "Pimelea arenarea", "Cotula coronopifolia AOME Gou coou ack wi gee o owes" Coecig meos oe "sweeig" ue meaic eecios a a i esseae si- ey usig osay T1 +2 ack aeioy a Remarks. Ptilonesia auronotata is eee o as aog i magi; T3 wi a i uuse meia Calliphora hortona (Wake y Mie (1939 ia a ak i magi a some og aeo- Muay (195 a aiso (197 I is eseciay magia seae; T4 wi i magi ak a commo o seasoes wee i is sai o ee i eaig a comee ow o seae; T5 i mae co- ecayig seawee oug is may e a misake cae cosice aeay wi og seuae o a oseaio Mie (1939 iusaes e iagos- suaces a i emae use siey-gey a- ic caaces o e aae eay wi sog magia seae a a meia e seemigy eic isiuio o is secies osa o; T6 ese i mae as a o-meaic i Ausaia is iscusse i e Ioucio ue cesce wi a ew osa seuae egeia egie geus Ptilonesia ( 11 age o-meaic gey-use wi umeous ie seuae Seies i mae so oa wi us o ai ceay; i emae og i wi ie Geus nllphr Maoc magia seuae e seie siy ack i- Xenocalliphora Maoc 19 39 ye secies Calli- agua a wi sog magia seae phora eudypti uo 19 y oigia esigaio GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 9 a 91 ea icoic i o sees Eyes ae o wi IMESIOS eg o oy -15 mm; sase aiig Aisa umose o sees wi ors eg o wig 7-9 mm seae Oue ph sea ese oseum a o- euo aie Suasquama ige ae Sem-ei Type data. Macqua escie is secies om ae Sucosa sceie seuose owe squama a usae ume o emae secimes coece aie o magi euoegie ae Aome i ew eaa om igos coecio I e meaic ue gee o ioe i egie oma ΒM I ae ou ou emae secimes aee "oeia auooaa Macqua e igo coecio Remarks. e geus Xenocalliphora ca e is- M 19-539" ee o e secimes i e iguise om a oe ew eaa Caio- esciio eecy u e ou ies i a- iae y e ae sem-ei aie squama seuose ig ae eyes a oage ai I cosey esemes sucosa sceie a yeow ai e oe secimes i geea aeaace a was Asecs o geea mooogy ae iusae i oay icue i e seies y Macqua i igues 13 a eo Oe secime is aso aee "oeia auo- oaa [] Macq" a "aue WIE CIII (o 119" a is i goo coiio wi e e mie —$—

-48- KEY O SECIES O EOCAIOA — Aome meaic gee o ue 1 wo ossuua ia seae; oe iia wi ee o esseae usig; 5 wiou a pd ses egie o coasig i iiace — Oe ossuua ia sea; oe iia wi oe egies; wigs yaie; wi a pd sea 5 egie o emae o as aoe; os o mae wie a eye (1 Aome wi a ese esseae si- ey usig; oseio oacic sia- (7 Aome meaic gee wi ee ce ow i Isa Caam i siey usig Aioes gou ltr Isas antipodea — Aome wi iisic usig isi- -- Aome meaic ue o ue e oy a a age om ei; wi ese esseae siey usig oseio oacic siace yeow o Sewa Isa a is ouies oage 3 divaricata 3( ows eis-ow wi yeowis- gey usig; ieacia memae oagy; ace eis-ow; aea nllphr ntpd (uo segmes oagy-ow o oage; ko aoe ia-aa ua yeowis- igues 9 a 93 oage; egie o emae a com- Calliphora antipodea uo 19 171 ecoye mae ee ac ee Kigs Isas vtt ew eaa Aioes Isas (CM; see es- — ows ack wi gey usig; ie- igaio eow acia memae ack o ow; EA icoic i o sees os 13× as wie aea segmes ow; squamae as eye i mae 17 × as wie i emae Gou ceamy o wie; ko aoe ia- coou ack ece o acia iges wic ae e- aa ua ow o oagy-ow; is-ow Eyes wi ey sase miue ais egie o emae isece Ieoaia eis-ow aeioy wi ack ais aaoaia esey use siey-gey wi (3 i egie gossy meaic a sigy assy siig so ceay a ume- uuse coasig wi oe e- ous ie ack ais aaaciaia esey use gies wic ae meaic u ue; siey a assy wi a meia siig so a semie o emae wi magia umeous ie seuae ows esey gey-use seae oy lr wi ack seuae Gua egio we eeoe — i egie simia i iiace o wi yeow seuae Occiu esey gey-use oe egies; semie o emae wi ae ais os wi 7 ori seae ors, a coee wi ese ow ie eeica i, a vte. iissae sog cosse hrtn acia iges wi so sou seuae o ei eie 5(1 Acosica seae + 1; iiae a eg ose eae e iissa soge Aea asi yeow; aome meaic gee segmes ow; 3 segme oagy a ase; aisa wiou isic usig Came ow ae ceay umose o i ai yeow Isa viridiventris aee a iae aicay Meum ma ack- — Acosica seae + is-ow OA Gou coou ack Mesooum — Acosica seae + 3 7 esey use uis-gey o ow wi siig (5 egs icuig coae yeow; stpl 2 uuse aces a seaks Ac + 3 dc 3 + + 1 Aucka Isas flavipes 3 h, ph, ia 3 + 1 1 pra, o 3 sa, pa. eua Coae a asa a o emoa use owis-gey wi ie ack seuae o- ow gey-use; stpl 1 + 1 e eua eessio wi ae ais Mesoeua ow Saes eudyptis comee euoegie wi so ae ie Si- aces ig yeow Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum wi a 7(5 Aome meaic ioe; 5 egie ai eac o aica aea a isca seae a iia uuse coasig wi ais o asas oe egies; wigs sigy akee WIGS eis ow; eaue a asicosa asay; egie o emae iie ig yeow Eaue wi some sog seae o cosisig o siy ack aes wi aeio magi Sucosa sceie wi yeow ie ie magia seae; os o mae a ack seuae Sem-ei eay wi 1 o wie a eye neozealandica sma ais Squamae ceamy wie; owe oe wi

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Sig ow ais osay; magia ais wie o owe seuae aoe a yeow o goe ais eow oe ow o ue oe os wi 7 o on seae ors, a eeica vti, EGS Coae ocaes a emoa ak a vte. iissae sog cosse acia iges wi ow wi gey usig; iiae a asi eis- so sou seuae o wo-is o ei eg ow oe iia wi 3 o ad seae 1 pd, a Aea segmes ow; 3 segme oagy a 1 pv; mie iia wi ad seae 1 pd, p, a ase; aisa ak ow umose o i ai 1 v; i iia wi o 5 ad seae 3 pd, a av. oagy-yeow aee a iae aicay Me- AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic um siy ow gee-ue eecios a ey i siey-wie OA Gou coou ack wi gey us- usig Τ1 + wi a ew aea magia seae; ig Mesooum wi iisic uuse seaks T3 a T4 wi a ow o magia seae; T5 wi Α + 3 dc 3 + 3 h, ph, ia 3+ 1 pra, a ow o magia seae a some soge isca o 3 sa, pa. oeua eessio wi ae ais oes Seies ackis-ow sigy meaic Mesoeua ow comee euoegie wi ae wi esseae gey usig a ack seuae ie Siaces ig oage Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 9 a wi a ai eac o aica aea a isca seae 93 a ais o asas IMESIOS oy eg 7-1 mm wig WIGS eis ow; asicosa a eaue eg -9 mm ig oagy-yeow Sucosa sceie oagy- yeow wi ack seuae Squamae wie; owe ye aa uo escie Calliphora antipo- oe wi ow ais osay a ae magia dea om secimes o usae ume a ge- ais; ue oe wi ow magia ais e coece a e Aioes Isas om e EGS Coae ocaes a emoa ow Caeuy Museum I ae eceie o suy wo wi i gey usig; iiae a asi ow oe secimes ou ue is ame Oe a emae iia wi a ow o ad seae a 1 pv sea; mie aee "Aioes" "Aioes Isa uo" iia wi ad seae 1 pd, p, a 1 v; i iia "I" "ye" "Caioa aioea u wi a ow o ad seae - pd, a 3 so av. W uo e" is i ai coiio u as e AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic oe a mie egs a some i asa seg- ue-gee a ioe eecios T1 + 2, T3, a mes missig a seae ae aae om e ea T4 wi i siey usig; T5 uuse gossy e seco secime is a mae aee "Ai- meaic coasig wi oe egies; T1 +2 a oes" "Caioa aioea uo" i ece- T3 wi a ew og aeomagia seae; T4 a e coiio I ae aee a ee esigae T5 wi a comee ow o magia seae; T5 aso e mae secime as ecoye a e emae as wi some oge isca seae emae egie aaecoye o secimes agee wi e mos iie; seie amos wice as oa as og; ece ieeaios o is secies (eg aiso 9 seie sae as a equiaea iage 197 GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 9 a 95 Maeia eamie ye secimes us o- IMESIOS oy eg -75 mm; wig ye eames ( maes 1 emaes om Ai- eg 55-5 mm oes Isa ee oi e 199 (ΜΝΗ C AC ye aa ooye mae Cow ie u Ue Kaamea ie 17- eceme 197 AK Wake (AC aayes ( maes emaes; nllphr lr ew secies M AC 1 emae O auo 19 Oc 19 igues 9 a 95 S Amsog; 1 emae O same aa u 17 ec 1957; maes W Oogoogo aey EA icoic i o sees os 1× as wie AE [= Ecoogy iisio] ie Saio - as eye i mae 17 × as wie i emae Gou Se 199 S ugae; 1 emae same aa coou ack Ieoaia ma wi ie seuae as ooye; 1 emae MC Goey Sae Cass i ue a aaoaia gey-use aoe 19 ec 1959 I owse; 1 emae MC M assy eow wi a siig so ceay a ie Somes 1-19 a 195 ES Gouay; 1 mae 1 ack seuae aaaciaia wi ese assy us- emae MK ooke aey emiage aea ig a meia siig so a a ew ie ack maaise a 3- A 1977 S ugae; 1 mae seuae ows gey-use wi ack seuae Gua MK ooke aey Sockig Ceek 3 A 1977 egio omie wi some goe ais ace S ugae gey-use Ieacia memae iy gey- use ae Occiu use siey-gey wi ack

5 nllphr dvrt ew secies IMESIOS oy eg -75 mm; wig igues 9 a 97 eg -7 mm EA icoic i o sees os i mae 13× ye aa ooye mae SI o-eas og as wie as eye i emae 15 × as wie Eyes wi Isa coasa ocks 9 oeme 19 ?coeco ey sase ae miue ais Gou coou (AC aayes ( maes 5 emaes a SI; ack ece o acia iges a ieacia mem- M AC 1 mae 3 emaes same aa as ae wic ae oagy Ieoaia ma ow ooye; 1 mae ye ocaiy -13 o 19 a wi ack ais aoe aaoaia esey use ig ?coeco; 1 mae ye ocaiy 11 o 19 geyis-assy wi a siig so ceay a o ig Mcuey; 1 emae ye ocaiy 1 wi umeous ie ack seuae aaaciaia o 19 ?coeco; maes og Isa u Wai esey assy-use wi a meia siig ac ay 3 e 199 o ig Mcuey; 1 mae a umeous ie ack ais aoe ows use 1 emae Sewa Isa o egasus wiig siey-gey wi ack seuae Gua egio we ay 7 e 19 S ugae; maes Cois eeoe wi oage ais ace use siey- Isa Seaes ay sweeig ea soe ec gey Ieacia memae ae os wi oi 19 I owse seae ors, a eeica a a ai eac o vti a vte. Occiu gey-use wi ack seuae aoe emaks e ye seies o X. divaricata cosiss a oage eow iissae sog cosse acia o secimes om ee seaae isa ocaiies iges wi so sou seuae i o 3 ows o We I oigiay soe a ieiie maeia o wo-is o ei eg Aea segmes is geus I a oug o em as ossiy e- ow; 3 segme amos ack a ae oagy eseig ee secies Ae eamiaio o e a ase; aisa ak ow umose o i ai mae yoygium a ue comaisos ow- oagy-yeow sigy aee a iae ai- ee I cocue a ey eog o a sige se- cay Meum ma ow cies wi sigy aiae usig a os aios OA Gou coou ack wi ese gey is may iicae a seciaio is i ogess usig Mesooum wi iisic uuse a secimes om esewee i e Sewa Isa aces a seaks Ac + 3 dc 3 + 3 h, aea may sow a egee o ue aiaio ph, ia 3 + 1 1 pra, o 3 sa, pa. oeuo a oseum wi oagy ais Mesoeua ow comee euoegie wi ae ie Siaces nllphr dpt (uo ig oagy-yeow Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum wi a igues 13 9 a 99 ai eac o aica aea a isca seae a Calliphora eudypti uo 19 17 ecoye mae ais o asas ew eaa e Saes (CM; see esiga- WIGS eis ow; eaue a asicosa io eow ig oagy-yeow; sucosa sceie owis- Calliphora huttoni Mie 195 115 [uecessay yeow seuose Sem-ei wi ie ais o e- eaceme ame] a suace Squamae sigy iuscae; owe oe wi og ow osa ais a wie magias; EA icoic i o sees Eyes i mae sea- ue oe wie wi og ow magia ais ae y 1× eye wi i emae y 13× eye EGS Coae a emoa ow wi gey wi Eyes wi ey sase miue ae ais usig; iiae a asi eis-ow; i iiae Gou coou ack ece o ieacia mem- ae yeowis-ow eay oe iia wi a ae wic is ae ow Ieoaia ma e- ow o so ad seae 1 pd, a 1 pv; mie iia is-ow aeioy wi umeous ie ack wi ad seae 1 pd, p, a 1 v; i iia wi seuae aaoaia esey use geyis-ow a ow o ad seae coaiig 3-5 soge oes wi a siig ac ceay a umeous ie o 3 pd, a ad. ack seuae aaaciaia wi a ese siig AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic gey usig a umeous ie ack seuae ows ue a ue eecios a a esseae siey gey-use wi sase so sou seae Gua usig wic is ese i some secimes Τ1 + egio we eeoe wi yeow ais Ie- wi o 3 sog aeomagia seae; Τ3 Τ a acia memae ae Occiu gey-use wi T5 eac wi a comee ow o magia seae; Τ5 yeow ais os wi on seae ors, a e- wi some soge isca seae Seies wi sig eica a a ai eac o vti a vte. iissae meaic see siey-gey usig a ack seu- sog cosse acia iges wi so sou seu- ae emae wi egie iie ae o ei eie eg ose ea e iissae GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 9 a soge Aea segmes oagy; 3 segme 97 owis aicay; aisa ak ow umose

Sig " amos o i ai owis-yeow aee a o e aaecoyes agee wi e mos ece iae aicay Meum ackis-ow ieeaio o is secies (eg aiso 197 OA Gou coou ack Mesooum e M secime om Came Isa is wi ese owis-gey usig a a siig owee a secime o X viridiventris Maoc ae o uuse aces a seaks Ac + a is e aaye o Maocs esciio I ae de + 3 h, ph, ia + 1 1 ra, 1 sa, pa. aso aee e ooye o viridiventris as a para- eua use siey-gey wi ie ack seuae lectotype o eudypti, sice Maoc ook is ye oeua eessio wi ae ais Mesoeua maeia o viridiventris om e Came Isa ow comee euoegie wi ae ie Sia- maeia use i uos esciio o eudypti. ces ig yeow Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum wi a ai eac o aica aea a isca seae a Material examined. ye seies us 9 o-ye ais o asas eames (1 maes 19 emaes; M AC WIGS eis owis-yeow; eaue a — / e Saes asicosa yeow; sucosa sceie yeow wi Coece a aou sea ee ack seuae Sem-ei wi o 3 ack ais o ake i auay euay a eceme ea suace Squamae ceamy-wie; owe oe aia ecos "Hebe elliptica owes" "soy wi ie ow ais osay; ue oe wi eac ue ioa / ow suaioa" (e ae ow magia ais eco o a mae wi uaium coece 3 ec EGS Coae ow wi gey usig; oc- Coecig meos oe "aace o wie ig" aes ow wi ae ais; emoa yeow o "aace o 15W u ig" isa oe-i oewise ackis-ow; iiae a asi yeow; isa segmes o asi sigy Remarks. uo ase is esciio o eudypti owis oe iia wi 3 ad seae 1 pd, a 1 o maeia om ee isa gous eac aig pv; mie iia wi ad seae 1 pd, p, a 1 a iiiua eemic secies a e eeoe a v; i iia wi o 5 ad seae pd, a av. a mie seies o ee secies Maoc (193 AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic oice is aomay a usig e emae seci- gey eecios a a esseae gey usig a mes om Came Isa om e eudypti seies sis aou a meia ie 1 + 2 ess siy wi escie oe ew secies viridiventris. Mie 1 o aeomagia seae; Τ3 wi a ow o ma- (193 uaccouay ace eudypti as a syoym gia seae a ae weake meiay; Τ a Τ5 o viridiventris, a uemoe sai a eudypti wi a ow o magia seae; Τ5 aso wi some was a eoccuie ame Mie (195 ue co- isca seae Seies ack gey-use wi ack use e siuaio y uecessaiy oosig a ew seuae ame huttoni, o eudypti. Kuaasi (1971 GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 9 a oowe Mie a ace eudypti as a syoym 99 o viridiventris. aiso (197 use e ame hut- IMESIOS oy eg 75- mm; wig toni o eudypti a iscusse e ecessiy o a eg 5-7 mm iesigaio io e omecaua oems I am uae o i a eiousy escie Calli- Type data. uo escie Calliphora eudypti phora eudypti, a eeoe eisae uos om secimes o usae ume a gee ame eudypti ee u i e gammaicay co- coece a e Saes e Aucka Isas a ec om eudyptis (ae e suaacic egui Came Isa om CM I ae eceie o geus Eudyptes). suy wo maes a wo emaes ou ue is ame a aee "Saes" "Caioa euyi uo" Ece o oe mae wic is i goo nllphr flvp (am ew comiaio coiio ese ae ae eea a ae oe eg igues 1 a 11 o moe missig Ue is ame i e ΒMΝΗ Calliphora flavipes am 199 13 ooye emae coecios I ae ou ee aiioa seci- ew eaa Aucka Isas Caey aou mes wi ye aa; a mae a emae aee (M [eamie] "Saes Soue Is ew eaa a 191 Ca W uo" "19-31" a (mae oy EA icoic i o sees os i mae as "Caioa euyi" a a emae aee wie as eye i emae 13 × as wie as eye Gou "Came Is Soue Is ew eaa a coou ack o ows a ack o ea esewee 191 Ca W uo 19-31" I ae owis-oage Eyes wi ey sase miue aee a ee esigae e mae i goo co- ae ais Ieoaia ma wi umeous ie iio om CM as lectotype a e oe si ack ais aaoaia esey use say secimes as paralectotypes. e ecoye a ie ow wi a siig so ceay a umeous

_2_ ie ack seuae aaaciaia say-use wi ake i auay a oeme ack seuae Gua egio omie wi oage aia ecos "e" "ea soe" "seam ais Ieacia memae ae Occiu gey- ocks" Coecig meos oe "maaise a" use wi ae ais eow os wi 7 o on seae ors, a eeica a a ai eac o emaks aiso (197 was e is o me- vti a vte. iissae sog cosse acia iges wi io is secies sice is esciio Is saus as so sou seuae o ei eie eg Aea a goo secies is ee coime segmes oage; 3 segme ow o aeio ege; aisa ow ae ceay umose o i nllphr hrtn (Wake ai yeow aee a iae aicay Me- igues 1 a 13 um ma ow Musca hortona Wake 19 9 ooye emae ew OA Gou coou ack Mesooum eaa (M [eamie] esey use geyis-ow wi siig Musca icela Wake 19 97 ooye emae ew uuse aces a seaks Ac + dc 3 + eaa (ΜΝΗ [eamie] 3 h, ph, ia + 1 pra, sa, pa. eua Calliphora rufipalpis Macqua 151 1 (ei 3 gey-use wi ie ack seuae Ia-aa ua ecoye emae Ameica [eo] (M [eamie]; see esigaio eow eoccuie y a e ko aoe i yeow oeuo wi ae rufipalpis Macqua 13 ew syoymy. ais Mesoeua ow comee euoegie wi Calliphora aureopunctata Macqua 155 13 (ei ae ie Siaces ig yeow Stpl 1( + 1 11 ecoye mae ew eaa a Ausaia Scueum wi a ai eac o aica a isca seae (ΜΝΗ; see esigaio eow a ais o aeas a asas Somomya americana oai 13 9 (eaceme rufipalpis WIGS eis eaue asicosa a sucos- ame o Macqua 151 a sceie yeow e sceie wi ack seuae Sem-ei wi 1 o sma ais eay Squa- EA icoic i o sees os i mae 13× mae ceamy wie o sigy owis; owe oe as wie as eye i emae 15 × as wie Gou wi ak ais osay a wie magias; ue coou ack Eyes wi ey so sase ae ie oe wi ow magias Ieoaia ma wi umeous ie ack seu- EGS yeow Coae ocaes a ase o ae aaoaia gey-use aoe assy-use emoa wi a i wie usig oe iia wi eow wi a siig so ceay a umeous ad seae 1 pd, a 1 pv; mie iia wi ad ie ack seuae aaaciaia wi ese assy seae 1 pd, p, a 1 v; i iia wi a ow o usig a a ew ie so seuae ows gey- ad seae coaiig o 5 soge oes 3 pd, a use wi ack seuae Gua egio omi- -5 av. e wi goe ais Occiu gey-use wi AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic ack seuae aoe a goe oes eow os ue eecios a i gey usig Τ1 + wi wi 7 o on seae ors, a eeica a a ai a ew aeomagia seae; T3 a Τ wi a ow eac o vti a vte. iissae sog cosse acia o magias; T5 wi a ow o magia seae a iges wi so sou seuae o a ei eg ae weake meiay a a ew soge iscas Aea segmes ow; ae o a ase Seies ackis-ow sigy meaic wi gey o 3 oagy; aisa ackis-ow ae ceay usig a ack seuae umose o wo-is o is eg ai yeow GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 1 a aee a iae aicay Meum ma ow 11 OA Gou coou ack Mesooum IMESIOS oy eg 7-11 mm; wig wi see-gey usig iisic owis iae eg 5-1 mm a ess esey use aeas Ac 3 + 3 dc 3 + 3 h, ph, ia 3 + 1 o pra, sa, pa. ye aa e ooye is i goo coiio wi oeuo wi ae ais Mesoeua ow com- oy e ig oeeg missig I is moue o a ee euoegie wi ae ie Siaces ig aee ecage o cok wic as wie o i oagy-yeow Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum wi a ai " [o G(?] uso Caioa aies ye eac o aica aea a isca seae a ais CG am Caey a Aucka Is o 9" o asas I is aso aee "i Mus 1931-15" WIGS eis ow; asicosa a eaue Maeia eamie ooye us 9 o-ye ig oagy-yeow e eaue wi sog seu- eames ( maes 3 emaes; ΒMΝΗ C ae Sucosa sceie wi ack seuae ea AC suace o sem-ei wi 1 o ais Squamae — / Aucka Is o-wie; owe oe wi sma ack seuae o- Coece a aou sea ee u o 5 m (Mou say a wie magia ais; ue oe wi og Ee ow magia ais

EGS Coae a emoa ackis-ow wi ee secimes as paralectotypes. A ou agee gey usig; ocaes iiae a asi eis- wi e mos ece ieeaio o Xenocalli- ow oe iia wi a ow o so ad seae a phora hortona (Wake (eg Kuaasi 1971 1 pv sea; mie iia wi ad seae 1 pd, p, Material examined. ye seies us 11 o-ye a 1 v; i iia wi a ow o ad seae icuig eames ( maes emaes; M C 3 o soge oes - pd, a av. AC AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic AK G O W / S MC S / Caam ue eecios a i siey esseae usig Is / Aucka Is / Came I. (aso oe eco om Τ1 + a Τ3 wi some og aeomagia seae; "Oago" — M M 193-7 Τ wi a comee ow o magia seae; Τ5 wi Coece a aou sea ee u o moeaey sase oge iscas a a ow o ie magia ow aiues (iges aaey 3 + m auo seae Seies sigy meaic wi gey usig O a ack seuae emae egie isece; ake i a mos ece uy seie wi og ese ow ais; 9 seie aia ecos "wiow" "ea sigay" age oa "gae" "Cotula coronopifolia", "Pimelea aren- GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 1 a aria", "oasie" "ouse" Coecig meos 13 oe "aie cyie a" "ig a" "swe" IMESIOS oy eg 55-5 mm; wig "geea eaig" "maaise a" eg 5- mm Remarks. ee as ee some cousio i e use o e wo Wake secies ames hortona a Type data. Calliphora rufipalpis Macqua 151 icela. Geeay e ame hortona as ee aie Macqua escie is secies om a usae o e aiy-eye secies Ptilonesia auronotata, a ume o emae secimes suosey coece e Xenocalliphora secies ecogise ee as hor- i Ameica om ais I ae eceie o suy tona as ee cae icela. uo (191 19 ou emaes ou ue is ame wo o wic Mie (1939 195 Muay (195 a aiso I i o e syyes o Calliphora rufipalpis Mac- (197 a mae is eo Maoc (19 193 qua 13 (see iscussio i ea 1979 1 a Kuaasi (1971 coecy assige e ames e emaiig wo ae wiou ou syyes o Calliphora rufipalpis Macqua 151 a eog i Xenocalliphora; ei ocaiy aa mus ee- nllphr nzlnd (Muay oe e i eo Oe aee y Macqua "Ca- igues 1 a 15 Macq s" is aso aee ioa uiais 9 Calliphora neozealandica Muay 195 713 ooye "315" a as a ece ae "Museum ais mae ew eaa Oogaoga (AC Cii issis 13" I is i ai coiio wi e [eamie] e mie a i egs missig a e meso- ?Calliphora neohortona Mie 1939 51 ooye emae oum wi i amage e seco secime is ew eaa ake Moaa (os o esoye aee "Museum ais Cii issis 13" a is i oo coiio I ae aee a ee es- EA icoic i o sees os i mae as igae e secime wi Macquas ae as lec- wie as eye i emae 1.25× as wie as eye Gou totype a e seco secime as paralectotype. coou ack ece o acia iges a ieacia o agee wi e mos ece ieeaio o memae wic ae eis-ow Eyes wi Xenocalliphora hortona (Wake (eg Kuaasi ey so sase aiig Ieoaia ma wi 1971 umeous seuae some o em sog aao- Calliphora aureopunctata: Macqua escie aia gey-use aoe assy aeioy wi is secies om a usae ume o emae siig sos a umeous ie ack seuae secimes ake i Ausaia a ew eaa aaaciaia wi assy usig a meia goe om igos coecio I e M coecios siig so a umeous ie ack seuae I ae ou ue is ame wo mae a wo ows wi sigy esseae gey usig ack emae secimes aee "E co igo i Mus seuae a a ew oagy seuae oseioy Occi- 193-1 " Aoug Macquas esciio ees u use siey-gey wi ack seuae aoe o e emae oy I eiee a ou secimes o a oage ais eow os wi o 9 on seae e syyes as e maes ae e os as oa ors, a eeica a a ai eac o vti a vte. as i e emaes Oe mae is aee "Caioa iissae sog cosse acia iges wi so aueoucaa 9 Macq s"; i is ae usy I sou seuae o wo-is o ei eg Ae- ae aee a ee esigae e mae wi a segmes oagy-ow; 3 segme moe e eemiaio ae as lectotype a e oe oagy a ase; aisa ak ow umose o i

5 ai yeow aee a iae aicay Me- ake i auay-Ai Augus a Ocoe- um ma ow eceme OA Gou coou ack wi see-gey Coecig meos oe "maaise a" usig Mesooum wi iisic uuse seaks Ac + 3 dc 3 + 3 h, ph, ia 3 + 1 1 pra, o 3 sa, pa. oeuo wi ae ais Mesoeua ow comee euoegie wi ae nllphr ltr ew secies ie Siaces ig yeow Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum igues 1 a 17 wi a ai eac o aica aea a isca seae a ais o asas; some secimes wi a MAE EA icoic os 15× as wie as aiioa aea eye Gou coou ack ece o ieacia WIGS sigy akee asay; eis ow; memae a acia iges wic ae oagy eaue a asicosa ig oagy-yeow Su- Ieoaia oagy-ow wi ak ais aoe cosa sceie wi ack seuae Sem-ei wi aaoaia iy use yeowis-gey wi a o 3 ais o ea suace Squamae o-wie meia siig so a ie ak seuae aa- oy sigy iuscae ow; owe oe wi aciaia wi a yeowis usig wic is siig ow ais osay a ae magias; ue oe asay a wi sma ack seuae aoe ows wi og ow magia ais use siey-gey wi ack seuae Gua egio EGS Coae a emoa ackis-ow wi we eeoe wi ack seuae Occiu gey- i gey usig; ocaes iiae a asi use wi ack seuae aoe a ae ais ow oe iia wi a ow o so ad seae 1 eow os wi ori seae ors, a eeica pd, a 1 pv; mie iia wi 3 ad seae 1 pd, a a ai eac o vti a vte. iissae sog p, a 1 v; i iia wi a ow o ad seae icu- cosse acia iges wi so sou seuae o ig some oge oes o 3 pd, a o 3 so wo-is o ei eg Aea segmes av. ow; 3 oagy asay; aisa ow umose AOME Gou coou ack wi meaic o i (ai amage Meum ma ow ue a ue eecios a ey i gey OA Gou coou ack wi uis-gey usig o Τ1 + o Τ; Τ5 iia meaic co- usig Mesooum wi iisic uuse asig wi e oe egies Τ1 + moe esey seaks we iewe a aious ages Ac + 3 use aeioy wi a ew aeomagia seae; dc 3 + 3 h, ph, ia 3 + 1 pra, (3 sa, Τ3 wi a ow o weak magia seae wic ae pa. oseum a oeuo wi ae ais soge aeay; Τ wi a ow o magia seae; Mesoeua ow comee u owe seae weake Τ5 wi a ow o weak magia seuae a some euoegie wi ae ie Aeio siace weak iscas Seies ack gey-use wi yeow oseio oe ow Stpl + 1 Scueum ack seuae emae egie isece; se- wi a ai eac o aica aea a isca seae ie as og as wie; 9 seie og iagua a ais o asas GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 1 a WIGS eis ow; eaue a asicosa 15 yeow; sucosa sceie yeow wi ack seu- IMESIOS oy eg -11 mm; wig ae Sem-ei wi some ais o ea suace eg 7-95 mm Squamae weaky iuscae; owe oe wi ow osa ais a wie magia oes; ue oe ye aa ooye mae "Oogaoga" [ = wi ak ais eay a a ow ige Oogoogo aey W] oeme 195 EGS ow; coae a emoa gey-use oe uge (AC; asee om AIC aa- iia wi a ow o so ad seae a 1 pv sea; yes 1 mae 1 emaes same aa as ooye mie iia wi ad seae 1 pd, p, a 1 v; (M; ossiy aso 3 emaes same aa as i iia wi a ow o ad seae icuig ooye (AIC M soge oes pd, a av. AOME Gou coou ack wi ese Maeia eamie ye seies us 5 o-ye esseae siey-gey usig a weak meaic eames (9 maes 1 emaes; AIC M ow eecios Τ1 + wi a ew oge ma- AC gia seae; Τ3 Τ a T5 eac wi a ow o ma- Κ W / ΝΝ ΚA C MC W ΜΚ gia seae; Τ5 aso wi some soge isca seae Seies gey-use wi ack seuae Coece om somewa aoe sea ee o GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 1 a aou 15 m (Mou e Mou icmo 17 ; seea ecos iicae a oesiy o IMESIOS oy eg mm; wig eg ige aiues 75 mm

55 ye aa ooye mae Caam Isas i o magia seae a ae soge aeay; Τ a Isa iuagi [sic; uuagi] Guy 9 eu- Τ5 wi a ow o sog magia seae; Τ5 aso ay 197 S ugae (AC wi a ew soge isca seae Seies wi some meaic eecios gey-use wi ack seu- ae emae wi egie a comee ac nllphr vtt ew secies GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 1 a igues 1 a 19 19 IMESIOS oy eg - mm; wig EA icoic i o sees os i mae as eg 55-7 mm wie as eye i emae 1 5× as wie as eye Eyes wi ey sase miue ae ais Gou coou ye aa ooye mae ee Kigs Isas ak ow ece o ieacia memae wic Gea Isa 1-3 auay 193 ES Gouay is oagy-ow a o acia iges a aeio (AC aayes (15 maes 1 emaes a ee ows wic ae oagy Ieoaia ma e- Kigs Is; M AC 3 maes 7 emaes same is-ow aeioy wi ie ak seuae aa as ooye; 1 maes 9 emaes Casaway aaoaia wi ese ae assy usig wic Cam o 197 a ig Mcuey; 1 mae is siig aeioy a wi ie ack seuae same aa ece co G amsay; 3 emaes as- aaaciaia ae assy-use wi a siig so ma aey o 197 a ig G amsay; 1 mae meiay a a ew so ie seuae aoe ows emaes same aa u om Leptospermum eri- use yeowis-siey wi ack seuae ae- coides a Coprosma. ioy a goe oes oseioy Gua egio omie wi goe ais Oa magi wi some goe ais Occiu gey-use wi ack nllphr vrdvntr Maoc ais aoe a goe oes eow os wi - igues 11 a 111 on seae ors, a eeica a a ai eac o vti a vte. iissae sog cosse acia iges Xenocalliphora viridiventris Maoc 193 319 oo- wi so sou seuae o a ei eg ye emae ew eaa Came Isa Aea segmes owis-oage o oage; (CM [o eamie] aisa ow ae ceay umose o i ai EA icoic i o sees os i mae as oagy-yeow aee a iae aicay Me- wie as eye i emae 13 × as wie as eye Gou um ma ow coou ack ece o acia iges wic ae OA Gou coou ack wi gey us- oagy-ow Ieoaia ma eis-ow ig Mesooum wi iisic uuse seaks aeioy wi umeous ie ack ais aa- we iewe a a age Ac + 3 dc 3 + 3 oaia owis-use aoe esey use h, ph, ia 3 + 1 pra, o 3 sa, pa. oseum geyis-ow eow wi umeous ie ack a oeuo wi ae goe ais Meso- seuae aaaciaia esey use siey-gey o eua ow comee; owe seae weake euo- owis wi a siig so asay a ume- egie wi ae ie Siaces ig oagy-yeow ous so ack seuae ows gey-use wi Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum wi a ai eac o aica umeous og ie seuae Gua egio we aea a isca seae a ais o asas eeoe wi oagy ais Occiu gey-use WIGS eis ow; eaue a asicosa wi ae yeow ais os wi 7 o on seae yeow; sucosa sceie yeow wi ack seu- ors, a eeica a a ai eac o vti a vte. ae Squamae weaky iuscae; owe oe wi iissae sog cosse acia iges wi so ow ais osay a a ige o ae ais; sou seuae o ei eie eg ose ea e ue oe wi ow magia ais iissae soge Aea segmes oagy; 3 EGS Coae ocaes emoa a asi owis aeioy; aisa ow ae ceay ow; iiae eis-ow u oagy aicay umose amos o i e ais eow soe ai oe coae esey gey-use; oe coae a a yeow aee a iae aicay Meum ma emoa iy gey-use oe iia wi a ow o ackis-ow so ad seae a 1 sea; mie iia wi OA Gou coou ack Mesooum ad seae 1 pd, p, a 1 v; i iia wi a ow wi ese siey-gey o owis usig a a o ad seae icuig some soge oes o 3 siig ae o uuse aces a seaks Ac pd, a av. + 1 dc + 3 h, ph, ia 1 + 1, 1 pra, 3 sa, AOME Gou coou ack wi ig pa. eua use owis-gey wi ie ack meaic ioe eecios a i siey usig seuae oeuo wi ae a ak ais isie oy we iewe a a age Τ1 + wi Mesoeua ow comee euoegie wi ae a ew soge aeomagia seae; Τ3 wi a ow ie Siaces yeow Stpl + 1 Scueum wi

6 a ai eac o aica a isca seae a ais o a goe owy A ay ae I o o cosie o aeas a asas is esciio o eese ay eisig ew WIGS eis owis-yeow; eaue ie- eaa caioi e meiay owis asay yeow aicay; asicosa yeow; sucosa sceie yeow wi ack seuae Squamae ceamy; owe oe wi Suamiy CYSOMYIAE ie ow ais osay a wie magia ais; oieauesoiy ue oe wi 1 o ais o isc a og ow Geus Chr magia ais Chrysomya oieau-esoiy 13 ye-secies Chrysomya regalis oieau-esoiy 13 y EGS Coae use ackis-ow a gey; suseque esigaio o Coquie (191 53 ocaes siy ow; emoa ack wi gey Chrysomyia Agassi 17 5 (uusiie emeaio o usig o oima wo-is a oagy-yeow Chrysomya oieau-esoiy usig o isca oe-i; iiae a asi yeow oe iia wi 3 ad seae 1 pd, a 1 pv; mie ea o mae ooic o aowy icoic Aisa iia wi o 3 ad seae pd, p, a 1 ; i umose Oue ph sea ase oacic gou iia wi a ow o ad seae icuig o 5 soge seuae euce oa a aome meaic oes pd, a av. gee-ue Suasquama ige aie Sucosa AOME Gou coou ack wi ig sceie seose Sem-ei aie osay owe meaic gee eecios a ey i siey squama aie o magi Oiosio eescoic usig wic we iewe a a age sis aou Oiaous a meia ie T1 +2 ess meaic wi a ew soge aeomagia seae; T3 wi aeoma- Remarks. Chrysomya ca e isiguise om gia seae; T4 wi a comee ow o magia a oe ew eaa Caioiae y e ais seae; T5 wi a ow o ie magia seae a o e osa suace o e sem-ei some ie isca seae Seies ack wi gey Asecs o geea mooogy ae iusae i usig a ack seuae igues 7 1 a 1 GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 11 a 111 IMESIOS oy eg 75-1 mm; wig KEY O SECIES O CYSOMYA eg 7-5 mm OCCUIG I EW EAA

data. ciaio 1 Aeio oacic siace ackis- ye As ise ue auosi ow; ows oage wi oage aoe ais; ea ooic i mae e ac- Maeia eamie oae aaye emae es eage aeioy; os owe aeioy i emae phl us 1 o-ye eames (7 maes 9 emaes; — Aeio oacic siace wie; ows M C AC oage akee oseioy a wi — / Came I wie ais; eyes i mae seaae Coece a aou sea ee u o 1 m (ee- y × wi o aeio oceus e ma i aces o eage aeioy; os ake i auay oeme a eceme aae-sie i emae rff aia ecos "o gou" Coecig meos oe "maaise a" Chr phl (aicius OE O igue 11 CAIOA OOCAIOAIS MIE Musca megacephala aicius 179 317 ooye "Guiea (Kie Museum" [o eamie o u- Mie (1939 9 escie is secies om a e aa aaiae] sige mae coece i eso u aso meios i a oooe e eaig o a mae a emae om Maeia eamie 1 emae MC Sigso y-suck see A ee secimes aea o ae oig ae 31 A 1973 (C ee esoye o os Mies esciio suggess a ey ecuia isec (uouaey e os e emaks e oeace o is secime is geiaia uig issecio a I eiee i os- oe o ou Chrysomya megacephala is com- sie a e a a eaie secime wi e ea moy ou ea ouses u o oe ioos I o C drlt a e aome a oa is eseciay aace o swee-smeig susaces

suc as oig ui u ees i caio e a- ow Stpl 1 + 1 Scueum wi a ai eac o ae ca ecome acuaie aasies i aumaic aica a asa seae 4 ais o aeas a esios o ma a aimas eaie oes o io- ais o iscas ogy ae gie y Wiesuaa (1957 a iag- WIGS eis ackis-ow asicosa a osic caaces o e aae ae iusae y eaue ack Sem-ei seuose osay Squa- um (195 97 mae wie; owe oe iagua sigy ius- is secies as aso ee ecoe om e cae ow aie o magi asa ais ae Oiea a Auso-Oiea egios awaii oseio oes ow aa soue Cia e iiies a o- EGS ack; oe emoa wi a sig meaic e Ausaia gee eecio oe iia wi a ow o so ad seae a 1 pv sea; mie iia wi 1 ad, 1 pd, pv, v; i iia wi 1 ad, 1 av, pd. Chr rff (Macqua a 1 a 1 AOME Gou coou ack wi ue a igues 7 1 1 113 a 11 gee meaic eecios; wiou usig osay Lucilia rufifacies Macqua 13 33 (ei 1 Sy- u wi siey-gey usig eay T1 + 2 ye maes Ausaia (os o esoye; see ye mosy ack e oseio magi wi meaic aa eow eecios; T3 wi oseio magi ack a ack Chrysomya albiceps o auos u o Wieema meia ia a 1 o oge magia seuae; [misieiicaios] T4 wi i magi ack eaig a ow o so seae; T5 wiou isic magia seae u wi EA icoic i emae; os × as wie as oge sase gou seuae a ae mosy wie aeio oceus i mae × as wie as eye i aeay a i emae wi a osa icisio o emae Gou coou ack ece o ace ie- oseio magi Seies meaic ue-gee gey- acia memae a aeio ows Ieoaia use wi ak a ae seuae ase i mae i emae eis-ow wi a i GEIAIA Mae yoygium igues 113 a geyis usig aaoaia i mae siey-use 11 o aeio a wi ack seuae o eie eg; IMESIOS eg o oy -5 mm; emae esey siey-use wi ack seuae eg o wig 75 mm o oseio i a wie ais aeioy aa- aciaia ieacia memae a ows esey Type data. Macqua escie is secies om siey-use wi wie ais Occiu wi sig maes coece i Ausaia om e Guéi- meaic eecios use siey-gey wi wie Méeie Coecio I ae ou o maeia o ais Mae wi a uuse magi eow os- is secies i M o ie (Macquas esoa ocua sea ow a wiou on seae u wi a coecio a e ae o e Guéi-Méeie ai eac o vti a vte; emae wi 1- on seae Coecio is ukow I e M coecios us a eeica a vti, a a vte. iissae sog I ae ou wo mae secimes oe aee y cosse wi a seco ai amos as sog; oe Macqua "uciia uiacies Macq [m]a" o e seuae o oa magi ae acia ige ae o igo awe ae "S uiacies [m]uciia i G wi oy 1 o ais o asa i Aea seg- Ausaia Guéi" e seco secime is ua- mes ow; ae o a ase o 3 moe ee eie secime eas e isicie oagy; aisa umose o i ai yeow a- Guéi ae a so ey ae o cosiee o e ee sigy iae aicay Meum gossy syyes ow OA Gou coou ack wi meaic Material examined. 7 o-ye eames (19 gee a ue eecios Mesooum wi so maes 51 emaes; AIC M C AC ack iae esuuay ewee sea ows ac a AK WO ?WI W / S KA dc; suue ack Aeio ossuua aea a Coece oy a ow eeaios aoe sea ee osaa egio ack Scueum ack aeioy ee o ia ecos ea suue I oa iew esuua aea ake i auay-May uy a oeme aeaig siey-use a ossuua aea aia ecos "uma cose" "ea sig- owis-use aeioy a siey oseioy; ay" "agoo" a "swam" Coecio meos scueum owis-use I oseio iew oy oe "swe" esuua aea siey-use Ac 1 + 1, dc 3 + (5 h, ph, ia 1 + 1 pra, 1 sa, pa. eua Remarks. e ie isoy o Chrysomya rufifa- uuse ece a ase o seoeuo a cies is escie y Mois (1959 I is a yica coee wi wie o ae goe ais euo- age o secoay myiasis eig uae o sike egie ae Aeio siace wie oseio oe see wiou io iesaio y imay ia-

88 es I aeas o sike oy i o y weae Cua C 197 Some ew Ausaasia a Aica u uike oe owy iaes ca cause ee- iea o e amiies Musciae a aciiae sie issue amage a ee iae e musces (i Entomologische Mitteilungen 16 : 35-357 e aae ae uusua i aig esy ocesses ea 1979 A eisio o e ooasiae (iea Caioiae Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, São a i eig eaoy o oe y aae i e Paulo, 32 : eeig meium Caaces o e aae ae 15-1 aicius C 171 Secies isecoum eiees eoum escie a iusae y ooway (195 1; ieeiis seciicas syoyma aucoum oca igue 11 aaia meamoosi aecis oseaioius is secies as aso ee ecoe om e esciioius amugi e Kioii 17 Oiea Auso-Oiea a Ausaasia egios 179 Eomoogia sysemaica emeaa e aa e iiies ii a Samoa auca Secuum casses oies geea secies aecis syoimis ocis oseaioius esci- ioius aiae 7 15 Sysema aiaoum secuum oies geea secies aecis syoymis ocis ose- aioius esciioius usigae 37 + 3 -- ue ME 193 e aae o e Ausaia see owies Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 57: 77-91 Giu A 197 e see-maggo New Zealand EEECES Department of Agriculture, bulletin no. 12 : 1- Agassi 1 [ 17] omecaois ooogici ie Geeeg 1973 ies a isease; o ioogy a uiesais Soaui [Soou Swiea] isease asmissio iceo iceo iii + 393 Uiesiy ess i + 7 Ai G 1979 Eec o ie o e euoeocie Geeug G; Geoge 195 eaig e owies sysem a egg eeome i e see owy Calliphora vicina, Phormia regina, a Phaenicia Lucilia sericata. Physiological entomology 4: 91- cuprina. 5-33 in: Sig ; Mooe (es 99 aook o isec eaig o II Amseam ao owe 195 e coice o commua oi- Eseie uisig Comay osiio sies y e Ausaia see owy Luci- ay G 1937 oes o geus Calliphora (iea lia cuprina. Australian journal of zoology 6: 1- Cassiicaio syoymy isiuio a yo- 7 gey Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New 1962: The eaiosi ewee oiosiio i South Wales 62 : 17- e owy Lucilia cuprina a e esece o aiso A 197 e Aooa o e soue wae Journal of insect physiology 8: 33-39 isas o ew eaa; (9 iea Journal of the ei Μ 197 Some Caioiae (i om e Sou Royal Society of New Zealand 6: 17-15 aciic Isas a Ausaia Bulletin of entomo- ea ACG; equis ; eise A; Waace logical research 17: 31-7 G 193 y-sike ioogy imoace a aue ; egesamm E o 191 ie weiüge coo as I a II New Zealand farmer 104 : es Kaiseice Museums u Wie I oa- 11-11 a 1-15 eie u eie Moogaie e Muscaia sci- eig W 19 e iea aua o ew eaa as omeoe (ecusie Aomyiae as II a oem i sysemaics a oogeogay [as- Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wis- ae y e Wygoisky] Pacific insects mono- senschaften, Wien, 58 : 35- (1-1 graph 9. oameaow Μ; Giso E; immock CK; uo W 191 Syosis o e iea acycea omas ; OSuia M 19 e ao- o ew eaa Transactions and proceedings of geesis o y-sike i see Wool technology and the New Zealand Institute 33 : 1-95 sheep breeding 32 : -3 19 O a sma coecio o iea om Coess ; McAie K 197 iea 5- e soue isas o ew eaa Transactions 7 in: e isecs o Ausaia Meoue Me- and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 34 : oue Uiesiy ess 19-175 Coquie W 191 e ye-secies o e o 19 esciio o a ew ow-y om Ameica geea o iea Proceedings of the Came Isa Transactions and proceedings of United States National Museum 37 : 99-7 the New Zealand Institute 36 : 155 Cysa MΜ 193 Eec o age a oaia eeo- Kama AS 195 Comaaie suy o iee secies me o maig i e ack owy (iea Ca- o sacosaoagous iea; I ioomics Annals ioiae Journal of medical entomology 20: of the Entomological Society of America 51 : 1- -1 71

—59— Kicig 197a O e ooacic siaces o e Miáyi 197 Coiuio o e kowege o e is isa aae o cayae cycoaa (i- geus Pollenia - (iea Caioiae Acta ea Journal of the Australian Entomological zoologica hungarica 22 : 37-333 Society 15 : 33-35 Mie 191 See maggo-ies a ei aies New 197 e immaue sages o e O Wo Zealand journal of agriculture 22 : 31-33 Scew-wom y Chrysomya bezziana ieeue wi comaaie oes o oe Ausaia se 1922: Sheep maggot-flies. Observations in the cies o Chrysomya (iea Caioiae Bul- as seaso New Zealand journal of agriculture 24 : letin of entomological research 66 : 195-3 335-33 Kuaasi 1971 e ie Caioii om Aus- 193 ow-ies a e see maggo-y aia a Oiea egios II Calliphora-group oem Cawthron Institute bulletin no. 9. 3 (iea Caioiae Pacific insects 13 : 11- 1939a: Sheep maggot-fly problem. New Zealand suey 1937-3 New Zealand journal of science am CG 199 e iea o e suaacic isas nd thnl Α1 - o ew eaa Aice II 1-15 in: Ci- 1939b: Blow-flies (Calliphoridae) and their o C ed., e suaacic isas o ew associaes i ew eaa Cawthron Institute eaa eos o e Geo-ysics Geoogy monographs no. 2. 75 ooogy a oay o e isas yig o e sou o ew eaa ase maiy o oseaios a 195 Caaogue o e iea o e ew coecios mae uig a eeiio i e eaa su-egio Bulletin of the New Zealand goeme seame Hinemoa (Caai oos Department of Scientific and Industrial Research i oeme 197 o 1 Weigo ioso- no. 100. 19 ica Isiue o Caeuy Muay M 195 Calliphora neozealandica s o ee ; Cus M; Saosky CW 195 e Ausa- a ew owy om ew eaa Transactions of ia iea o Maoc Proceedings of the the Royal Society of New Zealand 82: 713-7 Linnean Society of New South Wales 80 : 9-3 195 Oseaios o e ioogy o cai- e Guiou E 1 esciio e se ièes ou- ois i ew eaa New Zealand journal of eau ecueiis ea e oyage auou u n nd thnl Α3 13-1 moe e l'Astrolabe e a Zélée, Revue zoologique ois K 1959 e ecoogy o e see owies i 5 31-31 Ausaia Monographiae biologicae 8: 51-5 Macaae W 191 owy sike i Maooug ew eaa New Zealand journal of science and Oy MA; Mooouse E 19 Ieiicaio o thnl Α3 5-13 eay immaue sages o some commo Quees- a caio ies Journal of the Australian Ento- Macqua 135 isoie auee es iseces Dip- mological Society 19 : 53- 1 èes ais oe 73 o 71 ao WS 195 iea o meica a eeiay 13 ièes eoiques oueau ou eu imoace II e moe imoa owies Ca- cous (3 Mémoires de la Société des Sciences, ioiae Philippine journal of science 27 : 397- de l'Agriculture et des Arts à Lille 1842: 1- 11 (ei 5-3 oieau-esoiy A 13 Essai su es Myoaies 151 ièes eoiques oueau ou eu Mémoires présentés par divers savants à l'Acadé- cous Suie u e sueme uié as es mie Royal des Sciences de l'Institut de France, 2. mémoies e 19 (coc Mémoires de la Société des Sciences, de l'Agriculture et des arts à Lille 31 1850: 13-9 (ei 11-33 13 isoie auee es ièes es ei- 155 ièes eoiques oueau ou eu os e ais 1 ais ii + 113 cous 5e sueme Mémoires de la Société des oai C 13 iea eoica eisa e aoaa Sciences, de l'Agriculture et des Arts à Lille (2)1 ois ouis esciis Moea 99 (1854) : 5-15 (ei 5--13 Scuma 195 Mooogisc-sysemaisce Su- Maoc 19 e ecoe Caioiae o ew ie a ae o ygieisc wicige mie- eaa (iea Transactions and Proceedings euoäisce iee e amiie Caioiae- f th Ν lnd Inttt 55 3- Musciae Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Univ- 197 oes o Ausaia iea o I rtät Greifswald, mathematisch-naturwissen- Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South schaftliche Reihe Nr 4/5: 5-7 Wales 52 : 99-335 Sig 1977 Aiicia ies o isecs mies a si- 193 e cayae iea o ew eaa es Νew Yok Wasigo a oo II/ a III Records of the Canterbury Museum 4: eum 59 313-3 Smeeo WMI; Koemeye ; ooway ΒA; Meige W 1 Sysemaisce esceiug e Sig 19 Isecs associae wi eose ekae euoäisce weiügeige Iseke uma coses i Aucka ew eaa Med- 5 amm Scu ii + 1 icine, science, and the law 24 : 17-17 Mei GC 19 A suy o e eece o esio i Sweeus S 177 osäig a eskiige 5 see Wool technology and sheep breeding 28 : 11- ya Secies a Isece Kungliga Svenska Vetens- 13 kapsakademiens Handlingar 1787: 7-9

-- equis ; Wig 197 e isiuio OE AE I ESS eaece a ecoomic imoace o owy sike i see New Zealand journal of experi- e oe o 7 suie y Ku oges is ow mental agriculture 4: 91-95 amiie y a uicaio oug o ou oice i owse C 191 ew geea a secies o Aus- oeme 195 I is e ame pseudorudis is aia Muscoiea Canadian entomologist 48 : 151- oose o e rudis-like secies ecey ecoe 1 i ew eaa 191 ew muscoi geea secies a sy- oymy (iea Insecutor inscitiae menstruus 6 : oges Κ 195 A ceckis o owegia ow-ies 151-15 (i Caioiae Fauna norvegica, series B, og WG; Woou 19 e iuece o em- 32: 9-93 eaue a moisue o e suia a ua- io o e egg sage o e Ausaia see owy Lucilia cuprina (Wieema (iea Caio - iae Bulletin of entomological research 70 : 5- 71 Wake 19 -117 in: is o secimes o ieous isecs i e coecio o e iis Museum oo iis Museum 153 iea (a I 53-1 in: Iseca sauesiaa o caaces o uescie isecs i e coecio o Wiiam Wiso Saues Esq S S &c 1 oo 7 Wa C 1979 Aeiaios o eomoogica coec- ios New Zealand journal of zoology 6(3): 519- 5 Was E; Mei GC 191 eakage o asma o- eis oo e ski suace o see uig e eeome o eece-o a oy sike Aust- ralian veterinary journal 57 : 9-99 Wee G 1957 Uiisaio a igesio o cao- yaes y e Ausaia see owy Lucilia cuprina. Australian journal of zoology 5: 1-17 195 uiio a eoucio i e Aus- aia see owy Lucilia cuprina. Australian journal of zoology 6 : 139-1 Wie A; (oueay Ε 13 is o e auose ai- mas ieo ecoe as ou i ew eaa wi e esciios o some ew secies 5- 9 in: ieeac Ε aes i ew eaa; wi coiuios o e geogay geoogy oay a aua isoy o a couy o oo i + 39 [e iea o 9- 91 ae y Wie aoe] Wie G 1937 eaig maggos o sugica use 1-7 in: eeam G et al (es Cuue meos o ieeae aimas Iaca Y Comsock uisig Comay (oe Eiio 1959 Wieema CW 13 Αusseeuoisce weiϋgeΙ- ige Iseke amm Scu ii + + i Wiesuaa 1957 e ie-isoy a ioomics o Chrysomyia megacephala a Ceylon journal of science (B) 25: 19-15 um 195 Caioiae (iea Cycoaa a 1 Caioiae a Cysomyiii Explor- ation du Parc National Albert, Mission G.F. de Witte (1933-1935) 87: 1- 195 Myiasis i ma a aimas i e O Wo A eook o ysicias eeiaias a ooogiss oo uewo + 7

—1— IUSAIOS

igue 1 Scemaic awig o aea asec o yica caioi (ase o Lucilia sericata), sowig mao sucua eaues eg seaio a wig eaio Key o secio oug eg a aeio; a aeoosa; a aeoea; osa; oseio; oseoosa; oseo- ea; ea

igues -7 aius awigs i aea iew o secies eeseig e geea o ew eaa Caioiae; scae ies eese mm Artist: D. W. Helmore.

__ oe iia aeoosas (ases o sowig

ei +5 oseoea

wei ce sucosa wei

umea coss ei isca cossei

ea oa aome

egie

emu iia aeoosa ses oseoea ses aeoea ses asa segmes

oseoosa coa seie sea ocae oseio sea ea sea yoygium (mae oy

mie iia i iia

aeoosa aeoosas (ase o sowig oseoosas oseio Ί (ases o

I showing) aeoeas oseoosa ea

3 2. Cllphr drlt [f]

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6. nllphr dpt [f]

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Sig 5 ocea seae iea eica ses (vt

eeica ses

osoias eea eica ses (vt

oceus

ocea iage ieoaia sueio oia seae (r

ieio oia seae (r uue

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ace iissa (

igues a 9 Scemaic iagams o ea o Calliphora quadrimaculata: (8) emae oa iew; (9) mae aea iew

aaoa occiu os comou eye aaacia aisa acia ige ow ieacia memae gua egio eisome osucca aea oa magi ai meum

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66 11 lln dhr

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escuum ooeuo scuum ia-aa ua

eoeuo asese suue ue squama (= caye

umeus euoegie mesoeua seae owe squama (= caye aeio siace aee

oeuo ae

oseio siace mesoeuo yoeuo

yoeua seae oe coa i coa

seoeuo

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igue 19 Scemaic iagam i aea iew o oa o Calliphora quadrimaculata.

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igue Scemaic iagam i osa iew o oa o Calliphora vicina, sowig isosiio o sea iseios eaue (= egua asicosa sem-ei cosa

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owe squama scueum (= caye

—7— eacuaoy aoeme aaoeme eaium

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yoaus eiaus

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igue Scemaic iagam i aea iew o mae yoygium o Calliphora quadrimaculata. 5 Cllphr hll

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-7- 33 l prn

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3 39 lln r 3 lln tr

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9 lln ntt 5 51 lln dthr

5 55 lln ntr (55

53

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5 57 lln flvntnn

(59 (1 5 59 lln f 1 lln hpd -7- 5 lln nlr (5

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11 Chr phl 113 11 Chr rff aeio siace sie a oseio siace ( aia

A l Α8 Α2 Α ea Α Α4 Α Α6 oacic segmes aomia segmes

Figures 115 and 116 Mooogy o 3-isa aae o (115 Calliphora stygia a (11 Chry- somya rufifacies, i aea iew wi eais o aeio siace aia a oseio siace o C. rufifacies.

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88 _

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13-133 Cllphr drlt (132)

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8 AOOMIC IE dyscheres, Pollenia 9k 3k 3 37 64, 67, 73 is ie coes e omia aa o Caioi- ae meioe i e e egaess o ei cu- enetera, Pollenia 31k 3 73 e saus i aoomy age umes i o ye erythrocephala, Musca iicae e egiig o a mao esciie sec- Eudyptes (AES 5 io umes i iaic ye iicae ages o wic eudypti, Calliphora 51 5 a iusaio aeas Suie ees ae use o eudyptis, Xenocalliphora 9k 51 65, 67, 70, 77 iicae e ocaio o keys (k a meio o eurybregma, Pollenia 9k ?31k 35 3 66 aa sages (1 fergusoni, Hemipyrellia 9 Abago 11 fernandica, Lucilia 7 advena, Pollenia 3k 3k 33 72 flavipes, Calliphora 5 aerosa, Pollenia 9k ?3k 33 3 37 72 Xenocalliphora 9k 5 77 albiceps, Chrysomya 11, 5 fulviantenna, Pollenia 3k 39 73 ΑΜΕΝIIΝΑΕ 7 fumosa, Pollenia 3k 3k 39 3 73 americana, Somomya 53 fumosum, Sepimentum 1 39 angustigena, Pollenia 7 Anthracomyia 9 Hemipyrellia 7, 9 1k 7 antipodea, Calliphora 9 5 hilli, Calliphora 13k 11 15 k 5 71, 811 Pollenia 31k 3 72 hispida, Pollenia 31k 39 73 Xenocalliphora 9k 76 hortona, Calliphora 7 astrictifrons, Pollenia 9k 337 Musca 53 5 atricoma, Pollenia 9k 3 37 72 Xenocalliphora 15 9k 53 5 77 atrifemur, Pollenia huttoni, Calliphora 51 5 aureopunctata, Calliphora 53 5 Huttonophasia 10, auronotata, Pollenia 7 Ptilonesia 7 5 65, 67, 76 icela, Musca 53 5 immanis, Pollenia 31k 74 bezzii, Calliphora 3 insularis, Pollenia 31k 3 74 caesar, Lucilia 7 Musca 7 laemica, Calliphora Calliphora 7 11 1k 7 Musca 5 lativertex, Pollenia 1 74 CAIOIAE 7 3k 1k ligurriens, Hemipyrellia Chrysomya 7 11 1k 57 9 7 Chrysomyia 57 Musca 7 limpida, Pollenia 1 74 CYSOMYIAE 7 11 1k 57 3k Lucilia 9 11 clara, Xenocalliphora 9k 5 76 7 1k 7 cockaynei, Calliphora 3 commensurata, Pollenia 3k 35 72 megacephala, Chrysomya 9 11 57k 5 78 consanguinea, Pollenia 9k ?31k 35 3 68, Musca 57 72 Melanodexia 9 1 consectata, Pollenia 31k 35 73 milleri, Calliphora 3 cuprea, Pollenia 3k 7 minor, P. demissa a 3 37 Ρ d a 37 7 cuprina, Lucilia 9 7k 72 Neocalliphora Musca 7 neohortona, ?Calliphora 5 curriei, Hemipyrellia 7 neozealandica, Calliphora 5 Cyanus 11 Xenocalliphora 9k 5 77 Cynomya 11 nigripalpis, Pollenia 3k 3k 1 3 74 nigripes, Pollenia 3k 37 74 dasyphthalma, Calliphora 3 nigrisquama, Pollenia 3k 3k 74 demissa, Pollenia 1 3k 3k 35 3 37 nigrithorax, Calliphora 9 demissum, Sepimentum 1 35 3 Nitellia 10 divaricata, Xenocalliphora 9k 51 76 nothocalliphoralis, Calliphora 57 dysaethria, Pollenia 3k 37 73 notialis, Pollenia 31k 3 7 75

8 obscura, Musca 7 viridiventris, Xenocalliphora 9k 5 78 Pollenia 7 vomitoria, Calliphora 9 ochracea, Calliphora 9 Onesia 10, 11 Xanthotryxus 9 Onesiomima 11 Xenocalliphora 7, 1 11 1k opalina, Pollenia 3k 3 75 oreia, Pollenia 3k 3

Paracalliphora pernix, Gymnophania Pollenia 1 3k 3k 75 Pollenia 7, 9 1k OEIII 1 Polleniopsis 10 primaeva, Pollenia 31k 75 Ptilonesia 7 1 11 1k 7 pulverea, Pollenia 3k 3 5 75 quadrimaculata, Calliphora iv, 1 13k 11 15 k 3 57 64, 66, 68, 70, 71, 811 Musca 3 IIIAE 7 IOOIAE 33 robusta, Calliphora 9 rudis, Pollenia 1 7 rufifacies, Chrysomya 11, 13k 11 15 57k 5 59 65, 67, 70, 78, 791 Lucilia 5 rufipalpis, Calliphora 53 5 rufipes, Calliphora Pollenia 5 sacra, Calliphora Musca 3 EAA sandaraca, Pollenia 9k 33-35 37 5 75 scalena, Pollenia 3k 3k 3 75 Sepimentum 10, Page v: In e caaoguig-i-uicaio ciaio sericata, Lucilia 9 13k1 11 15-17 19 7k e Ieaioa Saa Seia ume sou 63, 64, 70, 72, 821 e 111-533; I e caaoguig-i-uicaio Musca 7 ciaio a e suggese om o ciaio e yea solitaria, Xenocalliphora 9k 55 77 o uicaio sou e 19 stygia, Calliphora 13k1 11 15-17 k 5 Page 7: In e is o coes e aoomic 67, 71, 79-811 ie is sow as commecig o age ; is Musca sou e age 5 Page 21: I e key o geea coues a 5 testaceifacies, Calliphora 9 e igue umes o Ptilonesia a Pollenia ae Toxotarsus 11 asose (see ig 11 a 1 7 wic ae coecy umee uniseta, Pollenia 9k ?31k 35 Page 69: I igue e ae "osocea" varifrons, Calliphora ois o e ia-aa seae; e osoceas ae i ac eea e ae ewee e ia-aa a vetusta, Xenocalliphora 9k 5 78 acosica seae vicina, Calliphora 9 13k 11 15 19 k 69, 71, 821 Page 82: I igues 1-1 a comaae villosa, ?Calliphora awigs ae o e same scae (omie om violacea, Musca 3 caio

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