Flies of Illinois

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Flies of Illinois )OLHVRI,OOLQRLV86$ $QJHOOD0RRUHKRXVH,OOLQRLV1DWXUH3UHVHUYHV&RPPLVVLRQ 3KRWRV$QJHOOD0RRUHKRXVH DQJHOODPRRUHKRXVH#LOOLQRLVJRY 3URGXFHG$QJHOOD0RRUHKRXVHDQG$OLFLD'LD])LHOG0XVHXP,GHQWLILFDWLRQDVVLVWDQFHSURYLGHG -RKQ$VFKHU-RKQDQG-DQH%DODEDQ.HOVH\-53%\HUV 5RE&DQQLQJV-RKQ)&DUU&KULV&RKHQ%HQ&RXOWHU(YHQ'DQNRZLF]%LOO'HDQ0DUWLQ+DXVHU5RVV+LOO -RKQ.O\PNR6SHQFHU3RWH+HUVKHO5DQH\$UWXUR6DQWRV.DWMD6FKXO]$DURQ6FKXVWHII/LDP:ROIIand .HQ:ROJHPXWK (bugguide.net; inaturalist.org) Please note: (—) = Unknown species and genus due to photographic limitations, * = Name of subfamily. )LHOG0XVHXP &&%<1&/LFHQVHGZRUNVDUHIUHHWRXVHVKDUHUHPL[ZLWKDWWULEXWLRQEXWGRHVQRWSHUPLWFRPPHUFLDOXVHRIWKHRULJLQDOZRUN 1HPDWRFHUD&UDQH)OLHV0LGJHV0RVTXLWRHVDQG%ODFN)OLHV >ILHOGJXLGHVILHOGPXVHXPRUJ@>@ versiRn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²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and .HQ:ROJHPXWK (bugguide.net; inaturalist.org) Please note: (—) = Unknown species and genus due to photographic limitations, * = Name of subfamily. )LHOG0XVHXP &&%<1&/LFHQVHGZRUNVDUHIUHHWRXVHVKDUHUHPL[ZLWKDWWULEXWLRQEXWGRHVQRWSHUPLWFRPPHUFLDOXVHRIWKHRULJLQDOZRUN 1HPDWRFHUDDQG%UDFK\FHUD±0RWKDQG0DUFK)OLHV *DOO0LGJHV)XQJXV*QDWVDQG6ROGLHU)OLHV >ILHOGJXLGHVILHOGPXVHXPRUJ@>@ versiRn1 &ORJPLDDOELSXQFWDWD 3V\FKRGLQDH* %LELRDOELSHQQLV %LELRDUWLFXODWXV 'UDLQ)O\ 0RWK)O\ :KLWHZLQJHG0DUFK)O\ 0DUFK)O\ 36<&+2','$( 36<&+2','$( %,%,21,'$( %,%,21,'$( &HFLGRP\LLQDH* ² ²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and .HQ:ROJHPXWK (bugguide.net; inaturalist.org) Please note: (—) = Unknown species and genus due to photographic limitations, * = Name of subfamily. )LHOG0XVHXP &&%<1&/LFHQVHGZRUNVDUHIUHHWRXVHVKDUHUHPL[ZLWKDWWULEXWLRQEXWGRHVQRWSHUPLWFRPPHUFLDOXVHRIWKHRULJLQDOZRUN %UDFK\FHUD±6ROGLHU6QLSH'HHUDQG+RUVH)OLHV >ILHOGJXLGHVILHOGPXVHXPRUJ@>@ versiRn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and .HQ:ROJHPXWK (bugguide.net; inaturalist.org) Please note: (—) = Unknown species and genus due to photographic limitations, * = Name of subfamily. )LHOG0XVHXP &&%<1&/LFHQVHGZRUNVDUHIUHHWRXVHVKDUHUHPL[ZLWKDWWULEXWLRQEXWGRHVQRWSHUPLWFRPPHUFLDOXVHRIWKHRULJLQDOZRUN %UDFK\FHUD5REEHU)OLHV >ILHOGJXLGHVILHOGPXVHXPRUJ@>@ versiRn1 /HSWRJDVWULQDH* 'LRJPLWHVVS 7DUDFWLFXVRFWRSXQFWDWXV $QGUHQRVRPDIXOYLFDXGXP 5REEHU)O\ +DQJLQJ7KLHYHV 5REEHU)O\ 5REEHU)O\ $6,/,'$( $6,/,'$( $6,/,'$( $6,/,'$( $WRPRVLDUXILSHVVD\L &HURWDLQLDPDFURFHUD /DSKULDGLYLVRU /DSKULDIODYLFROOLV 5REEHU)O\ 5REEHU)O\ 5REEHU)O\ 5REEHU)O\ $6,/,'$( $6,/,'$( $6,/,'$( $6,/,'$( /DSKULDLQGH[LWK\S\JD /DSKULDVHULFHDFRPSOH[ /DSKULDWKRUDFLFD 3VLORFXUXVELUGL Robber Fly 5REEHU)O\ 5REEHU)O\ 5REEHU)O\ $6,/,'$( $6,/,'$( $6,/,'$( $6,/,'$( (FKWKRGRSDSXEHUD +HWHURSRJRQPDFHULQXV 6WLFKRSRJRQWULIDVFLDWXV +ROFRFHSKDODVS 5REEHU)O\ 5REEHU)O\ 5REEHU)O\ Gnat Ogre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and .HQ:ROJHPXWK (bugguide.net; inaturalist.org) Please note: (—) = Unknown species and genus due to photographic limitations, * = Name of subfamily. )LHOG0XVHXP &&%<1&/LFHQVHGZRUNVDUHIUHHWRXVHVKDUHUHPL[ZLWKDWWULEXWLRQEXWGRHVQRWSHUPLWFRPPHUFLDOXVHRIWKHRULJLQDOZRUN %UDFK\FHUD±%HHIOLHV 0 ±0DOH ) ±)HPDOH >ILHOGJXLGHVILHOGPXVHXPRUJ@>@ versiRn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and .HQ:ROJHPXWK (bugguide.net; inaturalist.org) Please note: (—) = Unknown species and genus due to photographic limitations, * = Name of subfamily. )LHOG0XVHXP &&%<1&/LFHQVHGZRUNVDUHIUHHWRXVHVKDUHUHPL[ZLWKDWWULEXWLRQEXWGRHVQRWSHUPLWFRPPHUFLDOXVHRIWKHRULJLQDOZRUN /RZHU+LJKHU%UDFK\FHUD0\GDV6WLOHWWR 6FXWWOH/RQJOHJJHG'DQFHDQG6\USKLG)OLHV 0 0DOH ) )HPDOH >ILHOGJXLGHVILHOGPXVHXPRUJ@>@ versiRn1 0\GDVFODYDWXV 0\GDVWLELDOLV &\FORWHOXVUXILYHQWULV 2]RGLFHURP\LDVS Clubbed Mydas Fly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¶V:DVS)O\ 6<53+,'$( 6<53+,'$( 6<53+,'$( 6<53+,'$( )OLHVRI,OOLQRLV86$ $QJHOOD0RRUHKRXVH,OOLQRLV1DWXUH3UHVHUYHV&RPPLVVLRQ 7 3KRWRV$QJHOOD0RRUHKRXVH DQJHOODPRRUHKRXVH#LOOLQRLVJRY 3URGXFHG$QJHOOD0RRUHKRXVHDQG$OLFLD'LD])LHOG0XVHXP,GHQWLILFDWLRQDVVLVWDQFHSURYLGHG -RKQ$VFKHU-RKQDQG-DQH%DODEDQ.HOVH\-53%\HUV5RE&DQQLQJV-RKQ)&DUU&KULV&RKHQ%HQ&RXOWHU(YHQ'DQNRZLF]%LOO'HDQ0DUWLQ+DXVHU5RVV+LOO
Recommended publications
  • Spatiotemporal Pattern of Phenology Across Geographic Gradients in Insects
    Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2017 Spatiotemporal pattern of phenology across geographic gradients in insects Khelifa, Rassim Abstract: Phenology – the timing of recurrent biological events – influences nearly all aspects of ecology and evolution. Phenological shifts have been recorded in a wide range of animals and plants worldwide during the past few decades. Although the phenological responses differ between taxa, they may also vary geographically, especially along gradients such as latitude or elevation. Since changes in phenology have been shown to affect ecology, evolution, human health and the economy, understanding pheno- logical shifts has become a priority. Although phenological shifts have been associated with changes in temperature, there is still little comprehension of the phenology-temperature relationship, particularly the mechanisms influencing its strength and the extent to which it varies geographically. Such ques- tions would ideally be addressed by combining controlled laboratory experiments on thermal response with long-term observational datasets and historical temperature records. Here, I used odonates (drag- onflies and damselflies) and Sepsid scavenger flies to unravel how temperature affects development and phenology at different latitudes and elevations. The main purpose of this thesis is to provide essential knowledge on the factors driving the spatiotemporal phenological dynamics by (1) investigating how phenology changed in time and space across latitude and elevation in northcentral Europe during the past three decades, (2) assessing potential temporal changes in thermal sensitivity of phenology and (3) describing the geographic pattern and usefulness of thermal performance curves in predicting natural responses.
    [Show full text]
  • Serpentine Leaf Miner
    Fact sheet Serpentine leafminer What is Serpentine leafminer? Serpentine leafminer (Liriomyza huidobrensis) is a small fly whose larvae feed internally on plant tissue, particularly the leaf. Feeding of the larvae disrupts photosynthesis and reduces the quality and yield of plants. This pest has a wide host range, including many economically important vegetable, cut flower and grain crops. What does it look like? The black flies are just visible (1-2.5 mm in length) Central Science Laboratory, Harpenden Archive, British Crown, Bugwood.org and have yellow spots on the head and thorax. Leaf The small adult fly is predominately black with some yellow markings mines caused by larval feeding are usually white with dampened black and dried brown areas. These are typically serpentine or irregular shape, and increase in size as the larvae mature. Damage to the plant is caused in several ways: • Leaf stippling resulting from females feeding or laying eggs. • Internal mining of the leaf by the larvae. • Secondary infection by pathogenic fungi that enter through the leaf mines or puncture wounds. • Mechanical transmission of viruses. Merle Shepard, Gerald R.Carner, and P.A.C Ooi, Bugwood.org Ooi, P.A.C and R.Carner, Gerald Shepard, Merle Serpentine mines on an onion leaf caused by the feeding What can it be confused with? larvae Australia has a large number of Agromyzidae flies that look similar to the Serpentine leafminer, however these rarely attack economically important species. What should I look for? A Serpentine leafminer infestation would most likely be detected through the presence of the mines in leaf tissue.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of Seedling Tray Drench of Insecticides for Cabbage Maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) Management in Broccoli and Cauliflower
    Evaluation of seedling tray drench of insecticides for cabbage maggot (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) management in broccoli and cauliflower Shimat V. Joseph1,*, and Shanna Iudice2 Abstract The larval stages of cabbage maggot, Delia radicum (L.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), attack the roots of cruciferous crops and often cause severe eco- nomic damage. Although lethal insecticides are available to controlD. radicum, efficacy can be improved by the placement of residues near the roots where the pest is actively feeding and causing injury. One such method is drenching seedlings with insecticide before transplanting, referred to as “tray drench.” The efficacy of insecticides, when applied as tray drench, is not thoroughly understood for transplants of broccoli and cauliflower. Thus, a series of seedling tray drench trials were conducted on transplants of these 2 vegetables using cyantraniliprole, chlorantraniliprole, clothianidin, bifenthrin, flupyradifurone, chlorpyrifos, and spinetoram in greenhouse and field settings. In the greenhouse trials, the severityD. of radicum feeding injury was significantly lower on broccoli and cauliflower transplants when drenched with clothianidin, bifenthrin, and cyantraniliprole compared with untreated controls. In broccoli field trials, incidence and severity of feeding injury was lower in seedlings drenched with cyantraniliprole and clothianidin, as well as a clothianidin spray at the base of seedlings, than the use of spinetoram, chlorpyrifos, flupyradifurone, and chlorantraniliprole. In a cauliflower field trial,
    [Show full text]
  • The Occurrence of Stalk-Eyed Flies (Diptera, Diopsidae) in the Arabian Peninsula, with a Review of Cluster Formation in the Diopsidae Hans R
    Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 160 (2017) 75–88 The occurrence of stalk-eyed flies (Diptera, Diopsidae) in the Arabian Peninsula, with a review of cluster formation in the Diopsidae Hans R. Feijen*, Ralph Martin & Cobi Feijen Catalogue and distribution data are presented for the six Diopsidae species known to occur in the Arabian Peninsula: Sphyracephala beccarii, Chaetodiopsis meigenii, Diasemopsis aethiopica, Diopsis arabica, Diopsis mayae and Diopsis sp. (ichneumonea species group). The biogeographical aspects of their distribution are discussed. Records of Diopsis apicalis and Diopsis collaris are removed from the list for Arabia as these were based on misidentifications. Synonymies involving Diasemopsis aethiopica and Diasemopsis varians are discussed. Only one out of four specimens in the D. elegantula type series proved conspecific with D. aethiopica. The synonymy of D. aethiopica and D. varians is rejected. A lectotype for Diasemopsis elegantula is now designated. D. elegantula is proposed as junior synonym of D. varians. A fly cluster of more than 80,000 Sphyracephala beccarii, observed in Oman, is described. The occurrence of cluster formations in the Diopsidae is reviewed, while a possible explanation is indicated. Hans R. Feijen*, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. [email protected] Ralph Martin, University of Freiburg, Münchhofstraße 14, 79106 Freiburg, Germany Cobi Feijen, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands Introduction catalogue for Diopsidae, Steyskal (1972) only re- Westwood (1837b) described Diopsis arabica as ferred to Westwood and Hennig as far as Diopsidae the first stalk-eyed fly from the Arabian Peninsula. in Arabia was concerned.
    [Show full text]
  • Chironominae 8.1
    CHIRONOMINAE 8.1 SUBFAMILY CHIRONOMINAE 8 DIAGNOSIS: Antennae 4-8 segmented, rarely reduced. Labrum with S I simple, palmate or plumose; S II simple, apically fringed or plumose; S III simple; S IV normal or sometimes on pedicel. Labral lamellae usually well developed, but reduced or absent in some taxa. Mentum usually with 8-16 well sclerotized teeth; sometimes central teeth or entire mentum pale or poorly sclerotized; rarely teeth fewer than 8 or modified as seta-like projections. Ventromental plates well developed and usually striate, but striae reduced or vestigial in some taxa; beard absent. Prementum without dense brushes of setae. Body usually with anterior and posterior parapods and procerci well developed; setal fringe not present, but sometimes with bifurcate pectinate setae. Penultimate segment sometimes with 1-2 pairs of ventral tubules; antepenultimate segment sometimes with lateral tubules. Anal tubules usually present, reduced in brackish water and marine taxa. NOTESTES: Usually the most abundant subfamily (in terms of individuals and taxa) found on the Coastal Plain of the Southeast. Found in fresh, brackish and salt water (at least one truly marine genus). Most larvae build silken tubes in or on substrate; some mine in plants, dead wood or sediments; some are free- living; some build transportable cases. Many larvae feed by spinning silk catch-nets, allowing them to fill with detritus, etc., and then ingesting the net; some taxa are grazers; some are predacious. Larvae of several taxa (especially Chironomus) have haemoglobin that gives them a red color and the ability to live in low oxygen conditions. With only one exception (Skutzia), at the generic level the larvae of all described (as adults) southeastern Chironominae are known.
    [Show full text]
  • Britain's Robberflies – Diptera Asilidae
    Britain’s Robberflies – Diptera Asilidae Malcolm Smart Asilidae – the BIG CATS of the Diptera World Adults exclusively carnivorous predators of other insects – mostly other Diptera Larvae where known are also believed to be predatory What distinguishes a Robber Fly (an Asilid) from other Diptera ??? Example based on drawings and photos of Philonicus albiceps notch Two primary characters: * Eyes separated in both sexes by a deep notch at the top of mystax the head. * There is a central clump of down-curved bristles on the face above the upper mouth edge (called the mystax). Typically large and robust Diptera with elongated bodies . The proboscis is rigid and adapted for piercing insect cuticle. Asilidae species count with examples World Britain VCs surrounding Bedford Bedfordshire VC 7000+ 29 18 13 World distribution of Asilidae Genera and Species (after F. Geller-Grim) An introduction to the British Asilidae fauna compiled using data primarily from the following sources Data held by the Soldierflies and Allies Recording Scheme run by & Distribution maps derived from it at October 2016 (15900 Asilidae records) Photographs of Asilidae submitted to Facebook for identification or comment by: Lester Wareham, Mo Richards, Graham Dash, Martin Parr, Graham Brownlow, Mark Welch Albums of Asilidae photographs submitted for public scrutiny by wildlife/ dipterist specialists: Steven Falk, Janet Graham, Ian Andrews, Gail Hampshire Pictures offered by or requested from: Nigel Jones, Martin Harvey, Alan Outen, Mike Taylor, Tim Ransom, Tim Hodge, Fritz
    [Show full text]
  • Zootaxa, Diptera, Opomyzoidea
    Zootaxa 1009: 21–36 (2005) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA 1009 Copyright © 2005 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Curiosimusca, gen. nov., and three new species in the family Aul- acigastridae from the Oriental Region (Diptera: Opomyzoidea) ALESSANDRA RUNG, WAYNE N. MATHIS & LÁSZLÓ PAPP (AR) Department of Entomology, 4112 Plant Sciences Building, University of Maryland, College Park, Mary- land 20742, United States. E-mail: [email protected]. (WNM) Department of Entomology, NHB 169, PO BOX 37012, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, United States. E-mail: [email protected]. (LP) Zoological Department, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Baross utca 13, PO BOX 137, 1431 Budapest, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected]. Abstract A new genus, Curiosimusca, and three new species (C. khooi, C. orientalis, C. maefangensis) are described from specimens collected in the Oriental Region (Malaysia, Thailand). Curiosimusca is postulated to be the sister group of Aulacigaster Macquart and for the present is the only other genus included in the family Aulacigastridae (Opomyzoidea). Morphological evidence is presented to document our preliminary hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships. Key words: Aulacigastridae, Diptera, systematics, Oriental Region Introduction While preparing a monograph on the family Aulacigastridae (Rung & Mathis in prep.), we discovered several specimens of enigmatic flies from Malaysia and Thailand. The speci- mens from Malaysia had been identified and labeled as “possibly Aulacigastridae.” Our subsequent study of these specimens has revealed them to be the closest extant relatives of Aulacigaster Macquart, which until now has been the only recently included genus in the family Aulacigastridae.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 U of Ill Urbana-Champaign PEET
    U of Ill Urbana-Champaign PEET: A World Monograph of the Therevidae (Insecta: Diptera) Participant Individuals: CoPrincipal Investigator(s) : David K Yeates; Brian M Wiegmann Senior personnel(s) : Donald Webb; Gail E Kampmeier Post-doc(s) : Kevin C Holston Graduate student(s) : Martin Hauser Post-doc(s) : Mark A Metz Undergraduate student(s) : Amanda Buck; Melissa Calvillo Other -- specify(s) : Kristin Algmin Graduate student(s) : Hilary Hill Post-doc(s) : Shaun L Winterton Technician, programmer(s) : Brian Cassel Other -- specify(s) : Jeffrey Thorne Post-doc(s) : Christine Lambkin Other -- specify(s) : Ann C Rast Senior personnel(s) : Steve Gaimari Other -- specify(s) : Beryl Reid Technician, programmer(s) : Joanna Hamilton Undergraduate student(s) : Claire Montgomery; Heather Lanford High school student(s) : Kate Marlin Undergraduate student(s) : Dmitri Svistula Other -- specify(s) : Bradley Metz; Erica Leslie Technician, programmer(s) : Jacqueline Recsei; J. Marie Metz Other -- specify(s) : Malcolm Fyfe; David Ferguson; Jennifer Campbell; Scott Fernsler Undergraduate student(s) : Sarah Mathey; Rebekah Kunkel; Henry Patton; Emilia Schroer Technician, programmer(s) : Graham Teakle Undergraduate student(s) : David Carlisle; Klara Kim High school student(s) : Sara Sligar Undergraduate student(s) : Emmalyn Gennis Other -- specify(s) : Iris R Vargas; Nicholas P Henry Partner Organizations: Illinois Natural History Survey: Financial Support; Facilities; Collaborative Research Schlinger Foundation: Financial Support; In-kind Support; Collaborative Research 1 The Schlinger Foundation has been a strong and continuing partner of the therevid PEET project, providing funds for personnel (students, scientific illustrator, data loggers, curatorial assistant) and expeditions, including the purchase of supplies, to gather unknown and important taxa from targeted areas around the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Diptera) Diversity in a Patch of Costa Rican Cloud Forest: Why Inventory Is a Vital Science
    Zootaxa 4402 (1): 053–090 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4402.1.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C2FAF702-664B-4E21-B4AE-404F85210A12 Remarkable fly (Diptera) diversity in a patch of Costa Rican cloud forest: Why inventory is a vital science ART BORKENT1, BRIAN V. BROWN2, PETER H. ADLER3, DALTON DE SOUZA AMORIM4, KEVIN BARBER5, DANIEL BICKEL6, STEPHANIE BOUCHER7, SCOTT E. BROOKS8, JOHN BURGER9, Z.L. BURINGTON10, RENATO S. CAPELLARI11, DANIEL N.R. COSTA12, JEFFREY M. CUMMING8, GREG CURLER13, CARL W. DICK14, J.H. EPLER15, ERIC FISHER16, STEPHEN D. GAIMARI17, JON GELHAUS18, DAVID A. GRIMALDI19, JOHN HASH20, MARTIN HAUSER17, HEIKKI HIPPA21, SERGIO IBÁÑEZ- BERNAL22, MATHIAS JASCHHOF23, ELENA P. KAMENEVA24, PETER H. KERR17, VALERY KORNEYEV24, CHESLAVO A. KORYTKOWSKI†, GIAR-ANN KUNG2, GUNNAR MIKALSEN KVIFTE25, OWEN LONSDALE26, STEPHEN A. MARSHALL27, WAYNE N. MATHIS28, VERNER MICHELSEN29, STEFAN NAGLIS30, ALLEN L. NORRBOM31, STEVEN PAIERO27, THOMAS PAPE32, ALESSANDRE PEREIRA- COLAVITE33, MARC POLLET34, SABRINA ROCHEFORT7, ALESSANDRA RUNG17, JUSTIN B. RUNYON35, JADE SAVAGE36, VERA C. SILVA37, BRADLEY J. SINCLAIR38, JEFFREY H. SKEVINGTON8, JOHN O. STIREMAN III10, JOHN SWANN39, PEKKA VILKAMAA40, TERRY WHEELER††, TERRY WHITWORTH41, MARIA WONG2, D. MONTY WOOD8, NORMAN WOODLEY42, TIFFANY YAU27, THOMAS J. ZAVORTINK43 & MANUEL A. ZUMBADO44 †—deceased. Formerly with the Universidad de Panama ††—deceased. Formerly at McGill University, Canada 1. Research Associate, Royal British Columbia Museum and the American Museum of Natural History, 691-8th Ave. SE, Salmon Arm, BC, V1E 2C2, Canada. Email: [email protected] 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Pick Your Poison: Molecular Evolution of Venom Proteins in Asilidae (Insecta: Diptera)
    toxins Article Pick Your Poison: Molecular Evolution of Venom Proteins in Asilidae (Insecta: Diptera) Chris M. Cohen * , T. Jeffrey Cole and Michael S. Brewer * Howell Science Complex, East Carolina University, 1000 E 5th St., Greenville, NC 27858, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (C.M.C.); [email protected] (M.S.B.) Received: 5 November 2020; Accepted: 20 November 2020; Published: 24 November 2020 Abstract: Robber flies are an understudied family of venomous, predatory Diptera. With the recent characterization of venom from three asilid species, it is possible, for the first time, to study the molecular evolution of venom genes in this unique lineage. To accomplish this, a novel whole-body transcriptome of Eudioctria media was combined with 10 other publicly available asiloid thoracic or salivary gland transcriptomes to identify putative venom gene families and assess evidence of pervasive positive selection. A total of 348 gene families of sufficient size were analyzed, and 33 of these were predicted to contain venom genes. We recovered 151 families containing homologs to previously described venom proteins, and 40 of these were uniquely gained in Asilidae. Our gene family clustering suggests that many asilidin venom gene families are not natural groupings, as delimited by previous authors, but instead form multiple discrete gene families. Additionally, robber fly venoms have relatively few sites under positive selection, consistent with the hypothesis that the venoms of older lineages are dominated by negative selection acting to maintain toxic function. Keywords: Asilidae; transcriptome; positive selection Key Contribution: Asilidae venoms have relatively few sites under positive selection, consistent with the hypothesis that the venoms of older lineages are dominated by negative selection acting to maintain toxic function.
    [Show full text]
  • Nabs 2004 Final
    CURRENT AND SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHIES ON BENTHIC BIOLOGY 2004 Published August, 2005 North American Benthological Society 2 FOREWORD “Current and Selected Bibliographies on Benthic Biology” is published annu- ally for the members of the North American Benthological Society, and summarizes titles of articles published during the previous year. Pertinent titles prior to that year are also included if they have not been cited in previous reviews. I wish to thank each of the members of the NABS Literature Review Committee for providing bibliographic information for the 2004 NABS BIBLIOGRAPHY. I would also like to thank Elizabeth Wohlgemuth, INHS Librarian, and library assis- tants Anna FitzSimmons, Jessica Beverly, and Elizabeth Day, for their assistance in putting the 2004 bibliography together. Membership in the North American Benthological Society may be obtained by contacting Ms. Lucinda B. Johnson, Natural Resources Research Institute, Uni- versity of Minnesota, 5013 Miller Trunk Highway, Duluth, MN 55811. Phone: 218/720-4251. email:[email protected]. Dr. Donald W. Webb, Editor NABS Bibliography Illinois Natural History Survey Center for Biodiversity 607 East Peabody Drive Champaign, IL 61820 217/333-6846 e-mail: [email protected] 3 CONTENTS PERIPHYTON: Christine L. Weilhoefer, Environmental Science and Resources, Portland State University, Portland, O97207.................................5 ANNELIDA (Oligochaeta, etc.): Mark J. Wetzel, Center for Biodiversity, Illinois Natural History Survey, 607 East Peabody Drive, Champaign, IL 61820.................................................................................................................6 ANNELIDA (Hirudinea): Donald J. Klemm, Ecosystems Research Branch (MS-642), Ecological Exposure Research Division, National Exposure Re- search Laboratory, Office of Research & Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268- 0001 and William E.
    [Show full text]
  • Catalogue of Neotropical Curtonotidae (Diptera, Ephydroidea)
    Catalogue of Neotropical Curtonotidae (Diptera, Ephydroidea) Ramon Luciano Mello¹ & Alessandre Pereira-Colavite² ¹ Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Laboratório de Sistemática de Diptera (LSD). Campo Grande, MS, Brasil. ORCID: 0000-0002-1914-5766. E-mail: [email protected] ² Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza (CCEN), Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia (DSE). João Pessoa, PB, Brasil. ORCID: 0000-0002-7660-8384. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. The Neotropical species of Curtonotidae are updated and catalogued. A total of 33 species names are listed, including two fossil taxa and one nomem dubium. Valid and invalid names and synonyms are presented, totaling 45 names. Bibliographic references are given to all listed species, including information about name, author, year of publication, page number, type species and type locality. Lectotype and paralectotypes are designated to Curtonotum punctithorax (Fischer, 1933). Curtonotum simplex Schiner, 1868 stat. rev. is recognized as a valid name. Key-Words. Acalyptratae; Curtonotum; Hunchbacked flies; Lectotype; Paralectotype; Schizophora; Type material. INTRODUCTION ventral rays; (4) wing pigmentation varying from hyaline to lightly fumose or boldly patterned; Curtonotidae, also called hunchbacked flies (5) subcostal vein complete, with cell cup present or quasimodo flies, is a small family of dipter- and cells dm and bm confluent; (6) costal vein ous Acalyptratae with worldwide distribution. with humeral and subcostal breaks; and (7) with Although the family might be found in all biogeo- several spinelike bristles between apices of R₁ and graphic regions, they occur mainly in the tropical R₂ ₃ veins (Marshall et al., 2010).
    [Show full text]