Bolder Academy, MacFarlane Lane Isleworth, London Borough of Hounslow
Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Ref: 115350.01 January 2017
wessexarchaeology
Bolder Academy MacFarlane Lane Isleworth London Borough of Hounslow
Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Prepared for: Arcadis LLP Arcadis House 34 York Way N1 9AB
Prepared by: Wessex Archaeology 69 College Road, Maidstone, Kent ME15 6SX
www.wessexarch.co.uk
January 2017
115350.01
© Wessex Archaeology Ltd 2017, all rights reserved Wessex Archaeology Ltd is a Registered Charity No. 287786 (England & Wales) and SC042630 (Scotland) Bolder Academy, MacFarlane Lane, Isleworth, LBO Hounslow Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Quality Assurance
Project Code 115350 Accession Client Code Ref. Planning Ordnance Survey 515977, 178009 Application (OS) national grid Ref. reference (NGR)
Version Status* Prepared by Checked and Approver’s Signature Date Approved By v01 I MK JC 11/01/2017
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* I = Internal Draft; E = External Draft; F = Final
DISCLAIMER
THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT WAS DESIGNED AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF A REPORT TO AN INDIVIDUAL CLIENT AND WAS PREPARED SOLELY FOR THE BENEFIT OF THAT CLIENT. THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT DOES NOT NECESSARILY STAND ON ITS OWN AND IS NOT INTENDED TO NOR SHOULD IT BE RELIED UPON BY ANY THIRD PARTY. TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW WESSEX ARCHAEOLOGY WILL NOT BE LIABLE BY REASON OF BREACH OF CONTRACT NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE FOR ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE (WHETHER DIRECT INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL) OCCASIONED TO ANY PERSON ACTING OR OMITTING TO ACT OR REFRAINING FROM ACTING IN RELIANCE UPON THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THIS REPORT ARISING FROM OR CONNECTED WITH ANY ERROR OR OMISSION IN THE MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THE REPORT. LOSS OR DAMAGE AS REFERRED TO ABOVE SHALL BE DEEMED TO INCLUDE, BUT IS NOT LIMITED TO, ANY LOSS OF PROFITS OR ANTICIPATED PROFITS DAMAGE TO REPUTATION OR GOODWILL LOSS OF BUSINESS OR ANTICIPATED BUSINESS DAMAGES COSTS EXPENSES INCURRED OR PAYABLE TO ANY THIRD PARTY (IN ALL CASES WHETHER DIRECT INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL) OR ANY OTHER DIRECT INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL LOSS OR DAMAGE.
Bolder Academy, MacFarlane Lane, Isleworth, LBO Hounslow Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Bolder Academy MacFarlane Lane Isleworth London Borough of Hounslow
Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Contents
Summary ...... v Acknowledgements ...... vii
1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Project background ...... 1 1.2 The Site ...... 1 1.3 Development proposals ...... 2 1.4 Scope of document ...... 2 1.5 Aims ...... 2
2 PLANNING BACKGROUND ...... 2 2.1 Introduction ...... 2 2.2 Designated heritage assets ...... 3 2.3 National Planning Policy Framework ...... 3 2.4 Local planning policy ...... 4 2.5 Supplementary planning guidance ...... 4
3 METHODOLOGY ...... 4 3.1 Introduction ...... 4 3.2 Study Area ...... 4 3.3 Sources ...... 4 3.4 Site visit ...... 5 3.5 Assessment criteria- Significance ...... 5 3.6 Setting assessment ...... 6 3.7 Assumptions and limitations ...... 7 3.8 Copyright ...... 8
4 BASELINE RESOURCE ...... 8 4.1 Introduction ...... 8 4.2 Designated heritage assets ...... 8 Site ...... 8 Study Area ...... 8 4.3 Previous studies ...... 9 Site ...... 9 Study Area ...... 9
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4.4 Archaeological and historical context ...... 10 Prehistoric (970,000 BC – AD 43) ...... 10 Romano-British (AD 43 – 410) ...... 11 Saxon (AD 410 – 1066) ...... 11 Medieval (AD 1066 – 1500) ...... 11 Post-medieval (AD 1500 – 1800) ...... 11 19th Century and Modern (AD 1800 – present day) ...... 12 Unknown Date...... 13 Negative ...... 13 4.5 Historic Landscape Character ...... 13 4.6 Assessment of archaeological survival and previous impacts ...... 13
5 POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT EFFECTS- PHYSICAL EFFECTS ...... 14 5.1 Introduction ...... 14 5.2 Summary of known and potential historic environment resource ...... 14 5.3 Statement of potential impact ...... 18 Designated heritage assets ...... 18 Archaeological remains ...... 18 Historic Landscape Character ...... 18
6 POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT EFFECTS- SETTING OF HERITAGE ASSETS ...... 19 6.1 Introduction ...... 19 6.2 Scoping exercise ...... 19 6.3 Pavilion and Club House (LB03)...... 19 The asset and its setting ...... 19 Contribution of the setting to the significance of the asset ...... 19 Potential effects of the proposed development ...... 19 6.4 Premises of Gillette United Kingdom Limited (LB10) ...... 20 The asset and its setting ...... 20 Contribution of the setting to the significance of the asset ...... 20 Potential effects of the proposed development ...... 20 6.5 St Mary’s Church (List Entry 1079376) ...... 20 The asset and its setting ...... 20 Contribution of the setting to the significance of the asset ...... 20 Potential effects of the proposed development ...... 20
7 CONCLUSIONS ...... 21 7.1 General ...... 21 7.2 Recommendations ...... 22
8 REFERENCES ...... 23 8.1 Bibliography ...... 23 8.2 Historic Environment Records ...... 24 8.3 Cartographic and documentary sources ...... 24 8.4 Online resources ...... 24
9 APPENDICES ...... 25 9.1 Appendix 1: Terminology ...... 25 9.2 Appendix 2: Legislative and planning framework ...... 26
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9.3 Appendix 3: Gazetteer ...... 31
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Bolder Academy MacFarlane Lane Isleworth London Borough of Hounslow
Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Tables Table 1: Generic schema for classifying the significance of heritage assets ...... 6 Table 2: Summary of known and potential historic environment resource within the Site ...... 16
Figures Figure 1: The Site, Study Area and Archaeological Records (based on the GLHER and other sources) Figure 2: The Site and Designated Heritage Assets within the 1 km Study Area (based on the GLHER, NHLE and other sources) Figure 3: Historic Mapping 1635-1850 Figure 4: Historic Mapping 1865-1935
Plates Plate 1: View looking north across the Site from the northern side of the club house Plate 2: View looking towards the north east of pitch 1 showing the change in level Plate 3: View showing the change in level between pitch 1 (right/south) and pitch 2 (left/north) to the north Plate 4: View looking south east of the Site Plate 5: View looking south of the Site across pitch 1 Plate 6: View looking north east from the north eastern site boundary Plate 7: View of the club house from the western part of the Site Plate 8: View looking towards Pavilion and Club House (LB03) from the western part of the Site Plate 9: View looking towards Pavilion and Club House (LB03) from the western part of the Site Plate 10: View looking towards the Pavilion and Club House (LB03) from the netball courts in the south western part of the Site Plate 11: View looking towards the Gillette Factory Clock Tower (LB10) from the north eastern part of the Site Plate 12: View looking towards the Gillette Factory Clock Tower (LB10) from the south western part of the Site
Front Cover View looking north within the Site
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Bolder Academy MacFarlane Lane Isleworth London Borough of Hounslow
Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Summary Wessex Archaeology was commissioned by Arcadis LLP to prepare an Archaeological Desk- Based Assessment of land for the proposed Bolder Academy at 1 MacFarlane Lane, Isleworth, London Borough of Hounslow, TW7 5PN centred on National Grid Reference 515977, 178009. This study is intended to support a planning application for a proposed new school within the Site.
The aims of this study were to assess the known and potential heritage resource within the Site and the surrounding area, and to assess the likely impacts of the development proposals on this resource. The effect of the development proposals on the historic environment resource will be a material consideration in the determination of the planning application. This study has identified no overriding heritage constraints which are likely to prohibit development.
This assessment has established that there is an archaeological interest within the Site. This is defined as the potential for the presence of buried archaeological remains, in particular relating to the medieval and prehistoric periods. However, due to a lack of previous archaeological investigation within the Site, the potential for and significance of any such remains could not be accurately assessed on the basis of the available evidence.
A moderate potential has been identified for the prehistoric period due to finds recovered from the Study Area dating to this period. A possible Bronze Age ring ditch is also thought to have existed 170m from the Site and burnt flint attributed to the prehistoric period has been recovered close to the Site boundary. The Site also holds potential for the recovery of flint implements from the Taplow Gravel deposits which are thought to be present at the Site. In the absence of geotechnical information and information regarding the proposed building foundation depths it is difficult to determine whether the gravel deposits are likely to be affected by the development as these deposits are usually more deeply buried.
The Site lies between the known locations of three medieval manors and the Site is likely to have formed part of the land surrounding the manors. It is possible that remains of former field boundaries may survive within the Site dating to the post-medieval periods as shown on the historic maps; these remains would be considered to be of local significance.
A low potential has been identified for the Romano-British and Anglo-Saxon periods as only a small amount of evidence for these periods has been recovered from within the Study Area to date.
During the Site visit three listed buildings were identified as being potentially sensitive receptors to the development. It is unlikely that any adverse effect will occur to the Grade II* Listed Church of St Mary or the Grade II Listed Gillette building. As the Grade II listed pavilion lies adjacent to the Site, a minor adverse effect to the setting of this building may occur as a result of the development however this could be mitigated by appropriate screening of the development as far as possible.
The Historic Landscape Character of the Site will change as a result of the development however this is not thought to affect the character type as a whole. v WA Project No. 115350.01
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Any adverse impact to buried archaeological features as a result of the implementation of the development proposals would be permanent and irreversible in nature. This potentially adverse effect could be reduced through the implementation of an appropriate scheme of archaeological mitigation, in accordance with national and local planning policy.
Due to a lack of previous archaeological investigation, the presence, location and significance of any buried heritage assets within the Site cannot currently be confirmed on the basis of the available information. Pre-application consultation with the archaeological advisor to Hounslow Borough Council has recommended that a geophysical survey of the Site is undertaken, followed by a targeted trial trench evaluation to ascertain the presence, nature and significance of archaeological remains within the Site. An assessment of aerial photographs will also be undertaken to supplement this Desk-Based Assessment.
The need for, scale, scope and nature of any further assessment and/or archaeological works should be agreed through consultation with the statutory authorities.
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Bolder Academy MacFarlane Lane Isleworth London Borough of Hounslow
Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Acknowledgements This project was commissioned by Arcadis LLP, and Wessex Archaeology is grateful to Angela Li in this regard. Wessex Archaeology would also like to thank the Greater London Historic Environment Record for supplying the Historic Environment Record data. Historic Maps are reproduced with the kind permission of the Hounslow Local Studies Library.
The report was researched and compiled by Marie Kelleher, with illustrations prepared by Marie Kelleher and Jo Condliffe. Marie Kelleher managed the project on behalf of Wessex Archaeology.
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Bolder Academy MacFarlane Lane Isleworth London Borough of Hounslow
Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project background 1.1.1 Wessex Archaeology was commissioned by Arcadis LLP (the Client), to prepare an Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment of land for the proposed Bolder Academy, 1 MacFarlane Lane, Isleworth, London Borough of Hounslow, TW7 5PN (hereafter ‘the Site’, Figure 1), centred on National Grid Reference (NGR) 515977, 178009.
1.1.2 This study will support a planning application for a proposed demolition of club house and associated car park and Multi-Use Games Area, construction of new part 2- part 4 storey secondary school (Use Class D1) with ancillary car parking, cycle parking, Multi-Use Games Area, hard and soft landscaping and associated works, together with improvements to MacFarlane Lane.
1.2 The Site 1.2.1 The Site comprises a sub-rectangular parcel of land of approximately 4 hectares (ha) located in the London Borough of Hounslow. The Site lies 2.2km to the north of Isleworth, 1.7km to the west of Brentford, 1km to the east of Osterley Park, 2.1km to the north west of the River Thames and 2.7km to the north west of Kew Gardens. The Grand Union Canal lies 200m to the north east of the Site.
1.2.2 The Site is currently occupied by the Grasshoppers Rugby Football Club, with the club house and car park in the southern part of the Site and the pitches to the north and north east.
1.2.3 The Site is bound by MacFarlane Lane to the south east with industrial buildings beyond, by the Centaurs Rugby Club to the south, by a small stream and golf course to the north west and by a railway line to the north.
1.2.4 The Site is situated at an elevation between 19m-21m (aOD). The northern and eastern parts of the Site have been built up, which was evident on the Site visit and from historic maps (Figure 4 and Plates 1-4). It is likely that the club house and pitch closest to it closer to the original ground level however it is likely that some ground removal took place in this area to create a level playing field for the Rugby pitch.
1.2.5 The underlying bedrock geology throughout the Site is mapped as London Clay Formation Clay and Silt. The majority of the Site is recorded as having overlying head deposits of Taplow Gravel, however in the northern part of the Site no head deposits are recorded (British Geological Survey, Geology of Britain Viewer).
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1.3 Development proposals 1.3.1 The current development proposals comprise the demolition of club house and associated car park and Multi-Use Games Area, construction of new part 2- part 4 storey secondary school (Use Class D1) with ancillary car parking, cycle parking, Multi-Use Games Area, hard and soft landscaping and associated works, together with improvements to MacFarlane Lane.
1.4 Scope of document 1.4.1 This assessment was requested by the Client in order to determine, as far as is possible from existing information, the nature, extent and significance of the historic environment resource within the Site and its environs, and to provide an initial assessment of the potential impact of development on the heritage assets that embody that significance.
1.4.2 The Historic Environment, as defined in the National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF 2012): Annex 2, comprises:
‘all aspects of the environment resulting from the interaction between people and places through time, including all surviving physical remains of past human activity, whether visible, buried or submerged, and landscaped and planted or managed flora.’
1.4.3 NPPF Annex 2 defines a Heritage Asset as:
‘a building monument, site, place, area or landscape identified as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions, because of its heritage interest. Heritage assets include designated heritage assets and assets identified by the local planning authority (including local listing).’
1.5 Aims 1.5.1 The specific aims of this assessment are to:
outline the known and potential heritage assets within the Site based on a review of existing information within a defined study area; assess the significance of known and potential heritage assets through weighted consideration of their valued components; assess the potential impact of development or other land changes on the significance of the heritage assets and their setting; and make recommendations for strategies to mitigate potential adverse impacts arising from the proposed development.
2 PLANNING BACKGROUND
2.1 Introduction 2.1.1 There is national legislation and guidance relating to the protection of, and proposed development on or near, important archaeological sites or historical buildings within planning regulations as defined under the provisions of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990. In addition, local authorities are responsible for the protection of the historic environment within the planning system.
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2.1.2 The following section summarises the main components of the national and local planning and legislative framework governing the treatment of the historic environment within the planning process. Further detail is presented in Appendix 2.
2.2 Designated heritage assets 2.2.1 Designated heritage assets are defined in NPPF Annex 2 as:
‘World Heritage Sites, Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings, Protected Wreck Sites, Registered Park and Gardens, Registered Battlefields and Conservation Areas designated under the relevant legislation.’
2.2.2 Designation can be defined as:
‘The recognition of particular heritage value(s) of a significant place by giving it formal status under law or policy intended to sustain those values’ (English Heritage 2008, p.71).
2.2.3 Statutory protection is provided to certain classes of designated heritage asset under the following legislation:
Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990; Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979; and Protection of Wrecks Act 1973 2.2.4 Further information regarding heritage designations is provided in Appendix 2.
2.3 National Planning Policy Framework 2.3.1 National Planning Policy Framework Section 12: Conserving and enhancing the historic environment sets out the principal national guidance on the importance, management and safeguarding of heritage assets within the planning process.
2.3.2 The aim of NPPF Section 12 is to ensure that Local Planning Authorities, developers and owners of heritage assets adopt a consistent and holistic approach to their conservation and to reduce complexity in planning policy relating to proposals that affect them.
2.3.3 To summarise, government guidance provides a framework which:
recognises that heritage assets are an irreplaceable resource; requires applicants to provide proportionate information on the significance of heritage assets affected by the proposals and an impact assessment of the proposed development on that significance; takes into account the desirability of sustaining and enhancing the significance of heritage assets and their setting; places weight on the conservation of designated heritage assets, in line with their significance; and requires developers to record and advance understanding of the significance of any heritage assets to be lost (wholly or in part) in a manner proportionate to their importance and impact, and to make this evidence (and any archive generated) publicly accessible. 2.3.4 A selection of excerpts from NPPF Section 12: Conserving and enhancing the historic environment is presented in Appendix 2.
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2.3.5 On 6 March 2014 the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG) launched the Planning Practice Guidance (PPG) web-based resource. The resource provides additional guidance intended to accompany the NPPF. It includes a section entitled Conserving and enhancing the historic environment (ID: 18a), which expands upon NPPF Section 12.
2.4 Local planning policy 2.4.1 The Site is situated within the administrative boundaries of Hounslow Borough Council, which adopted the Hounslow Local Plan in September 2015.
2.4.2 The Core Strategy forms the basis of the development plan for the district and sets targets for the provision of new housing and employment for a period up to 2030, as well as setting out general policies in relation to provision of facilities, transport, and protection of natural and historic features.
2.4.3 Local planning policies that relate to the historic environment and may be relevant to the proposed development are presented in Appendix 2.
2.5 Supplementary planning guidance 2.5.1 Hounslow Borough Council has prepared detailed studies of each of the Conservation Areas within the Borough, three of which coincide with the Study Area (see Section 4.2). These Conservation Area appraisals have been adopted by the Council as Supplementary Planning Guidance.
2.5.2 The council has also carried out an Urban Context and Character Study which divides the borough into character areas. The Site lies within the Osterley Park and Spring Grove Character Area (Hounslow Borough Council).
3 METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 3.1.1 The methodology employed during this assessment was based upon relevant professional guidance, including the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists’ Standard and guidance for historic environment desk-based assessment (CIfA 2014).
3.2 Study Area 3.2.1 A Study Area was established within a 1km radius of the Site boundary. The recorded historic environment resource within the Study Area was considered in order to provide a context for the discussion and interpretation of the known and potential resource within the Site.
3.3 Sources 3.3.1 A number of publicly accessible sources of primary and synthesised information were consulted. These comprised:
The National Heritage List for England (NHLE), which is the only official and up to date database of all nationally designated heritage assets;
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The Greater London Historic Environment Record (GLHER; accessed December 2016), comprising a database of recorded archaeological sites, find spots, and archaeological events within the county; National heritage datasets including the Archaeological Data Service (ADS), Heritage Gateway, OASIS, PastScape and the National Record of the Historic Environment (NRHE) Excavation Index; Historic manuscripts, surveyed maps, and Ordnance Survey maps held at the Hounslow Local Studies Library; and Relevant primary and secondary sources held at the Hounslow Local Studies Library and in Wessex Archaeology’s own library. Both published and unpublished archaeological reports relating to excavations and observations in the vicinity of the Site were studied. 3.3.2 Sources consulted during the preparation of this assessment are listed in Section 8.
3.4 Site visit 3.4.1 The Site was visited on the 20th December 2016. Weather conditions were dry and clear. A fieldwork record comprising digital photography is held in the project archive.
3.4.2 The aim of the Site visit was to assess the general aspect, character, condition and setting of the Site and to identify any prior impacts not evident from secondary sources. The Site visit also sought to ascertain if the Site contained any previously unidentified features of archaeological, architectural or historic interest.
3.4.3 A key objective of the Site visit was the gathering of observations upon which to assess the potential for the development proposals to affect the settings of heritage assets (see Section 3.6).
3.5 Assessment criteria- Significance 3.5.1 Significance (for heritage policy) is defined in NPPF Annex 2 as:
‘the value of a heritage asset to this and future generations because of its heritage interest. That interest may be archaeological, architectural, artistic or historic. Significance derives not only from a heritage asset’s physical presence, but also from its setting.’
3.5.2 Current national guidance for the assessment of the significance of heritage assets is based on criteria provided by English Heritage (now Historic England) in Conservation Principles, Policies and Guidance for the Sustainable Management of the Historic Environment (2008). Within this document, significance is weighed by consideration of the potential for the asset to demonstrate the following value criteria:
Evidential value Deriving from the potential of a place to yield evidence about past human activity; Historical value Deriving from the ways in which past people, events and aspects of life can be connected through a place to the present. It tends to be illustrative or associative; Aesthetic value Deriving from the ways in which people draw sensory and intellectual stimulation from a place; and Communal value Deriving from the meanings of a place for the people who relate to it, or for whom it figures in their collective experience or memory. Communal
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values are closely bound up with historical (particularly associative) and aesthetic values, but tend to have additional and specific aspects. 3.5.3 This assessment was also informed by the advice published by Historic England in the document entitled Managing Significance in Decision-Taking in the Historic Environment: Good Practice Advice in Planning Note 2 (2015a).
3.5.4 The relative significance of heritage assets was determined in general accordance with the schema laid out below in Table 1.
Table 1: Generic schema for classifying the significance of heritage assets
Significance Categories World Heritage Sites (including nominated sites) Very High Assets of recognised international importance Assets that contribute to international research objectives Scheduled Monuments Grade I and Grade II* Listed Buildings Grade II Listed Buildings that can be shown to have exceptional qualities in their fabric or historical associations High Grade I and Grade II* Registered Parks and Gardens Registered Battlefields Non-designated assets of national importance Assets that contribute to national research agendas Grade II Listed Buildings Grade II Registered Parks and Gardens Moderate Conservation Areas Assets that contribute to regional research objectives Locally listed buildings Assets compromised by poor preservation and/or poor contextual Low associations Assets with importance to local interest groups Sites, features, structures or landscapes with little or no Negligible archaeological, architectural or historical interest The importance of the asset has not been ascertained from available Unknown evidence
3.6 Setting assessment 3.6.1 Annex 2 of the NPPF defines the setting of a heritage asset as:
‘the surroundings in which a heritage asset is experienced. Its extent is not fixed and may change as the asset and its surroundings evolve. Elements of a setting may make a positive or negative contribution to the significance of an asset, may affect the ability to appreciate that significance or may be neutral.’
3.6.2 The aim of the setting assessment, presented in Section 6, was to explore the potential effects of the proposed development on the settings of designated and non-designated heritage assets situated within the wider context of the Site.
3.6.3 The setting assessment was guided by the recommendations outlined in The Setting of Heritage Assets: Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning. Note 3: (Historic England, 2015b). The aforementioned guidance advocates a systematic and staged
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approach to the assessment of the effects of development on the settings of heritage assets.
3.6.4 Step 1 of the approach is ‘identifying the heritage assets affected and their settings’.
3.6.5 This initial step of the setting assessment has been carried out by undertaking a Scoping Exercise, the results of which are presented in Section 6.2.
3.6.6 The potential for the proposed development to affect the settings of the heritage assets included in the Scoping Exercise was then assessed via the application of professional judgement, informed by observations made during the Site visit.
3.6.7 Where it could be confidently determined that a heritage asset and its setting would not be affected by the development proposals, no further assessment was undertaken.
3.6.8 Where it could be anticipated that the proposed development may have the potential to alter the setting of a heritage asset, these assets were scoped in for further detailed assessment. These heritage assets were assessed on a case by case basis, in accordance with Steps 2 and 3 of the process outlined below.
3.6.9 Step 2 requires consideration of ‘whether, how and to what degree these settings make a contribution to the significance of the heritage asset(s)’. This stage of the assessment should first address the key attributes of the heritage asset itself and then consider:
the physical surroundings of the asset, including its relationship with other heritage assets; the way the asset is appreciated; and the asset’s associations and patterns of use. 3.6.10 Step 3 is ‘Assessing the effect of the proposed development on the significance of the asset(s)’. This stage of the assessment addresses the key attributes of the proposed development, such as its:
Location and siting; Form and appearance; Additional effects; and Permanence. 3.6.11 Step 4 is to explore opportunities for ‘maximising enhancement and minimising harm’, while Step 5 is to ‘make and document the decision and monitor outcomes’. For the purposes of this assessment, only Steps 1-3 of the process have been followed with elements of Step 4, where appropriate.
3.7 Assumptions and limitations 3.7.1 Data used to compile this report consists of secondary information derived from a variety of sources, only some of which have been directly examined for the purposes of this Study. The assumption is made that this data, as well as that derived from other secondary sources, is reasonably accurate.
3.7.2 The records held by the GLHER are not a record of all surviving heritage assets, but a record of the discovery of a wide range of archaeological and historical components of the historic environment. The information held within it is not complete and does not preclude
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the subsequent discovery of further elements of the historic environment that are, at present, unknown.
3.8 Copyright 3.8.1 This report may contain material that is non-Wessex Archaeology copyright (e.g. Ordnance Survey, British Geological Survey, Crown Copyright), or the intellectual property of third parties, which Wessex Archaeology are able to provide for limited reproduction under the terms of our own copyright licences, but for which copyright itself is non- transferable by Wessex Archaeology. Users remain bound by the conditions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 with regard to multiple copying and electronic dissemination of the report.
4 BASELINE RESOURCE
4.1 Introduction 4.1.1 The following section provides a summary of the recorded historic environment within the Study Area, compiled from the sources summarised above and detailed in the references section of this report (Section 8). The aim is to identify the known and potential components of the historic environment (heritage assets) that could be affected by the proposed development.
4.1.2 All heritage assets identified within the Study Area are listed in Appendix 3. The NHLE and HER entries are assigned a unique number within the text and given a WA/LB prefix for ease of reference.
4.2 Designated heritage assets Site 4.2.1 There are no designated heritage assets within the Site.
Study Area 4.2.2 Designated heritage assets within the Study Area comprise:
One Grade I Listed Building;
LB01, Boston Manor House, located 870m to the east of the Site.
One Grade II* Listed Building;
LB02, Quaker Meeting House, located 1km to the south of the Site.
20 Grade II Listed Buildings;
LB03-LB22, comprising a variety of structures including Old Manor Farmhouse, a moated house of 16th century origin with later additions, located some 360m north north-west of the Site.
One Registered Park and Garden;
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WA18, Osterley Park, which includes four Grade I Listed Buildings (outside the Study Area) and four Grade II Listed Buildings (three of which are outside the Study Area). The park comprises an 18th century landscape park laid out on the site of an earlier formal garden with substantial additional tree planting undertaken in the 19th and 20th centuries.
Three Conservation Areas;
Grand Union Canal and Boston Manor, which is located 260m to the north and 550m to the east of the Site. This area includes the Grade I Listed Manor and part of the Grand Union Canal which was cut along the line of the Brent River. Part of the Boston Manor grounds were compulsory purchased to create the Canal; Osterley Park Conservation Area, which is located 410m to the west of the Site. Osterley Park is a Grade II Registered Park and Garden and Osterley House is Grade I Listed and also has subsidiary Listed Buildings; and Spring Grove Conservation Area, located to the 750m to the south west of the Site. The area is focussed upon the historic house of Spring Grove (now Grade II listed) and its listed ancillary buildings. However it derives some significance from the estate planned as a grand Victorian suburb.
4.2.3 There are no World Heritage Sites, Scheduled Monuments or Registered Battlefields within the Study Area.
4.2.4 Designated heritage assets located within the Study Area are depicted in Figure 2.
4.3 Previous studies Site 4.3.1 No record of any previous intrusive archaeological investigation within the Site has been identified during the preparation of this assessment.
Study Area 4.3.2 The GLHER contains entries pertaining to a number of investigations which have been carried out within the Study Area. These comprise:
WA10, investigations for the Niksham School at Syon Lane including Evaluation, Excavation, Geoarchaeological Test Pits and Historic Building Recording, located 310m to the south west of the Site. WA11, evaluation at Syon Lane, 220m to the south of the Site; WA12, evaluation and excavation undertaken at Great West Road, 920m to the east of the Site; WA14, watching brief undertaken at Great West Road, 480m to the south of the Site; WA17, geotechnical test pit located 590m to the south east of the Site; and WA28-31, evaluation and watching brief at Harlequin Avenue to the east of the Site. 4.3.3 Where relevant, the results of these investigations are discussed in further detail in Section 4.5.
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4.3.4 Previous archaeological investigations carried out within the Study Area are illustrated in Figure 1.
4.4 Archaeological and historical context 4.4.1 The following section provides a brief summary of the archaeological and historical development of the Site and the Study Area, compiled from the sources listed above. The likelihood of as yet unrecorded archaeological remains within the Site is informed by the consideration of the known heritage assets within the Study Area, in conjunction with the geology and topography of the area.
4.4.2 Records obtained from the NHLE, GLHER and other sources are listed in Appendix 3 and illustrated in Figures 1-2.
Prehistoric (970,000 BC – AD 43) 4.4.3 Palaeolithic finds have been recovered from within the Study Area. The majority of the Study Area lies upon Taplow Gravels and Langley Silt both of which are deposits which hold potential for the recovery of Palaeolithic finds (QUEST 2015). The British Geological Survey record that the southern and western parts of the Site have superficial deposits of Taplow Gravel.
4.4.4 An assemblage of mammalian fossil remains were found 1km to the east of the Site. This comprised fossils of mammoth, large bovid and fallow deer (WA01). Also found approximately 1km to the east of the Site and to the north of WA01 was a secondary flake dated to the Palaeolithic period (WA03). Numerous flint implements some showing evidence of the levallois technique were found at Macklins Pit 390m to the west of the Site (WA02). A large number of Palaeolithic tools are also recorded 840m to the north of the Site recovered during aggregate extraction at Sewards Pit, Boston Road Pit and at other locations (WA04). Three polished axes dated generally to the prehistoric period are also recorded at WA04. During geoarchaeological test pits excavated in advance of the Niksham School development a dubious core and possible debitage were recorded (WA10).
4.4.5 A single find recorded dating to the Neolithic period was found 895m to the west of the Site which comprised a chipped flint axe (WA05).
4.4.6 Fragments of a Deverel Rimbury urn and some struck flint both dating to the Bronze Age were found 670m to the south west of the Site (WA06). A small ring ditch is recorded 235m to the west of the Site (WA07). However modern OS maps show that the earthwork is situated further to the north east along the Piccadilly line, opposite to the north western corner of the Site (170m to the north of the Site). The ring ditch is thought to date to the Bronze Age.
4.4.7 Archaeological investigations undertaken at Niksham School recovered struck flints and prehistoric pottery during the evaluation phase; three possible prehistoric features were also recorded. The subsequent excavation of a 25m x 25m area found a single Middle Bronze Age feature comprising a small pit with a deliberately deposited pottery vessel. This was not a cremation burial, however, it does hint at ritualised or funerary activity in the area during the Middle Bronze Age period (WA10; ASE 2016).
4.4.8 An evaluation 220m to the south of the Site recovered one pot sherd dating to the prehistoric period and several fragments of burnt and worked flint (WA11). Fieldwalking undertaken adjacent to the eastern boundary of the Site recovered a heavy concentration of burnt flint (WA08).
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4.4.9 An excavation undertaken 920m to the east of the Site at Great West Road recovered finds dating to the prehistoric period from colluvial deposits. The finds included a late Neolithic/early Bronze Age arrowhead and other pieces of burnt and struck flint (WA12).
Romano-British (AD 43 – 410) 4.4.10 The Romano-British period is not well represented within the Study Area, a coin of Constantine has been recorded 520m to the south of the Site (WA09). Several phases of possible Roman ditches were found during an evaluation at Great West Road, 920m to the east of the Site (WA12). Subsequent excavation identified that the ‘ditches’, rather than cut features were in fact slumping within colluvial deposits. Therefore, the 33 pottery sherds that were recovered were found within the colluvial deposits rather than from archaeological features (WA12).
Saxon (AD 410 – 1066) 4.4.11 To date there is no recorded evidence dating to the Anglo-Saxon period within the Study Area.
Medieval (AD 1066 – 1500) 4.4.12 Wyke Manor was a medieval manor house which stood 410m to the south west of the Site (WA15). The manor was first mentioned in 1210 and is thought to have been a moated manor house. The manor can be seen on the map of 1635 by Moses Glover when it is labelled ‘Wicke House’. In 1723 the house was purchased by John Way who constructed a new house to the south of its former location (WA16) and the old manor and moated enclosure were demolished and backfilled.
4.4.13 Boston Manor House was another medieval manor which is recorded within the Study Area. Boston Manor survives as a Grade I Listed Building (LB01) with Grade II listed stables (LB21) and wall (LB20). The manor is thought to have been founded by Gervais de Blois, the illegitimate son of King Stephen and at this time was referred to as Bordeston, later Borstone and then Burston. It was later granted to Ralf de Brito who built a church and churchyard adjoining the house in 1163. Boston Manor is mentioned in the 14th century when it was owned by the nuns of St Helen Bishopsgate; at this time the nuns ran a weekly market and an annual six day fair took place from St Lawrence’s Day. However, at the Reformation in 1538 the manor was taken over by the crown (WA13).
4.4.14 A small quantity of medieval pottery was recovered from colluvial deposits during the investigations at Great West Road 920m to the east of the Site (WA12). A watching brief 460m to the south of the Site revealed part of a timber and ashlar conduit. This was thought to have been part of the 15th century conduit which extended from the conduit house at Syon Hill to Syon Abbey (WA14). Syon Abbey was a Bridgettine monastery which was founded at Twickenham in 1415 by Henry V. The monastery moved from Twickenham to Syon in 1431 (Weinreb and Hibbert 1983).
Post-medieval (AD 1500 – 1800) 4.4.15 The Manor of Osterley is thought to have been built upon the Site of a Norman fort or watch tower, however, other references are made to the 16th Century Osterley House being built on the Site of a farmhouse. Sir Thomas Gresham completed his manor house in 1577 and he is known to have entertained Queen Elizabeth I there at least twice (British History online). The original house is thought to have been built around four sides of a courtyard however Glover’s map shows the house to be an H shape in plan. The four corner turrets are thought to have survived from Gresham’s house as well as the stable block. The house and grounds underwent considerable change in the 18th century; the remodelling began in 1752 under the ownership of Sir Francis Child. The house was
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redesigned and the previously formal gardens were replaced by informal parkland. Today Osterley Park is a Grade II* Registered Park and Garden (WA18); the grounds also contain four Grade I Listed Buildings, a Grade II* and four Grade II Listed Buildings.
4.4.16 In the late 18th century John Robinson is recorded to have rebuilt Wyke House. He purchased the existing house in 1778 and he approached Robert Adam to design the new house. The house was used as a school between 1820 and 1840 and later used as a psychiatric hospital until the 1970s when it was demolished (WA16).
4.4.17 An excavation of geotechnical test pits at Nazareth House found the remains of a post- medieval garden wall and a dump of post-medieval demolition material (WA17). Post- medieval finds including ceramic building material, pottery and clay pipe were recovered from colluvial deposits at the Great West Road investigations (WA12).
4.4.18 The present Boston Manor House was built in 1622 by Lady Reade who was the widow of Sir Thomas Gresham’s stepson. The house comprises a three storey Jacobean building with Jacobean plaster ceilings and chimney pieces. The building suffered some damage during WWII. An investigation on the lawn of Boston Manor House, revealed one large and several smaller pits dating to the medieval period. These contained glazed floor tile and surrey ware pottery sherds, bricks and roof tile were also recovered (WA13). WA19 represents the post-medieval garden which surrounded the manor. In 1718 the estate is described as comprising the manor house, gardens, walls, walks, courts, five fish ponds, plantation and nursery. In the late 18th century the land was sold for the construction of the grand union canal. Whilst the area surrounded Boston House become more industrial during the second half of the 19th century the house and its grounds remained rural (WA19).
4.4.19 The earliest map covering the Site dates to 1635 by Moses Glover of Isleworth Hundred (Figure 3A). This map shows the site to cover approximately three parcels of land, the north western corner the Site is recorded as Arable, the southern part of the Site is labelled as ‘Lawne’ and the north eastern part of the Site is recorded as ‘Oulde Park’, also arable.
4.4.20 John Roque’s map of 1746 is slightly less detailed and as such an approximate Site location is shown on Figure 3B. This map also shows the Site to be within undeveloped land, perhaps used for agriculture or meadow.
19th Century and Modern (AD 1800 – present day) 4.4.21 The Enclosure Map of 1818 (Figure 3C) shows the Site to be divided into approximately the same three parcels of land as shown on the 1635 map. These parcels are recorded in the apportionment as ‘field’ owned by the Duke of Northumberland. To the north of the Site is a strip of plantation possibly the same as the border of trees seen on the 1635 maps, however to the west of the Site is the addition of a large and small pond.
4.4.22 The Site remains within the same three parcels of land on the map dating to the 1840s surveyed by J. Warren (Figure 3D) however on the 1850s map the three parcels of land had been amalgamated into one larger parcel also incorporating the fields to the north west (Figure 3E). In 1850 this larger parcel is recorded as garden owned by the Duke of Northumberland.
4.4.23 The 1865 map shows the coming of the railways to the area with the Great Western Railway bisecting the area to the north west of the Site (Figure 4A). Apart from the addition of the railway the boundaries of the larger parcel of land shown on the 1850 map have remained the same, however the Site is shown to have been bisected by trackways 12 WA Project No. 115350.01
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crossing the Site. The western part of the Site is shown to be occupied by orchard with some of the surrounding areas outside the site boundary also given over to this use. By 1894 the northern and eastern parts of the Site were used as orchard (Figure 4B), with an additional area of orchard extending to the south by 1915 (Figure 4C).
4.4.24 By 1935 the Site had been subdivided along what was previously one of the trackways (Figure 4D). The northern part of the Site had by this time had the orchard removed. The edges of the northern parcel are hachures which indicate a slope. It may be that this area was used for the storage of earth excavated for the expansion of the railway to the east and the district and Piccadilly lines to the north. It was noted upon the Site visit that the Site lay at a much higher elevation than the golf course to the west. On the 1960 OS map the northern part of the Site is still shown to be elevated with an area of orchard in the middle and eastern parts of the Site. The southern part of the Site is shown as an open field.
4.4.25 In 1987 the Grasshoppers Rugby Club was established within the Site, comprising a club house, parking area, netball courts and rugby pitches. It was evident that the pitches had been levelled to create level playing fields.
4.4.26 A 19th century gas filled lamp was identified on Wood Lane near to the junction with the Great Western Road (WA20). A 19th century canal lock is located 690m to the north of the Site on part of the River Brent that has been canalised. Areas of 19th-20th century landfilling are also recorded on the GLHER at WA22-24.
4.4.27 Blondin Park is a 20th century park which used to form part of the grounds of Boston Manor. In 1928 this was acquired by Ealing Town Council to designate as a public open space (WA25).
Unknown Date 4.4.28 Faint linear ditches of unknown date thought to represent a field system are recorded 540m to the north west of the Site (WA26). A possible rectilinear enclosure is recorded 150m to the west of the Site (WA27).
Negative 4.4.29 Four negative investigations are recorded within the Study Area all located to the immediate east of the Site. Negative investigations are investigations which have not recorded any archaeological finds or features and represent areas which are or have become archaeologically sterile. Archaeological evaluations of this kind were undertaken at WA28 and WA30 and negative watching briefs were undertaken at WA29 and WA31.
4.5 Historic Landscape Character 4.5.1 The Historic Landscape Character of the Site and Study Area has been formally characterised by the GLHER. This Site is part of the Osterley Park Character Area which covers a large part of the western part of the Study Area. Adjacent to the south eastern boundary is the Brentford Dock Character Area. The southern part of the Study Area is comprised of the Hounslow Expansion. To the north of the Site are Osterley Weirs, Gunnersbury Schools, Boston Manor Road and Great West Road character areas.
4.6 Assessment of archaeological survival and previous impacts 4.6.1 Historic mapping of the Site has shown that during the post-medieval period the Site remained as open fields perhaps used for agriculture or meadow. It is possible that activities such as ploughing during this period may have damaged or removed archaeological remains within the Site. The Site was later used as orchard, and it is 13 WA Project No. 115350.01
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possible that tree planting and rooting may have had some minimal effect upon below ground archaeological remains.
4.6.2 The historic mapping and the Site visit indicated that the northern part of the Site had been built up by 1935. It is possible that the Site was used for the storage of excavated material from the excavation for the Piccadilly line to the north (Plates 1-4). The hachures shown at the edges of the Site indicate a slope down towards the Site boundary. In 1987 the Grasshoppers Rugby Club was established within the Site which saw the creation of three pitches and the club house. The clubhouse and car park are at approximately the same level as MacFarlane Lane (21m aOD) and pitch 1 is at a slightly lower level (19-20m aOD; Plates 1-4). The ground level for the pitch to the north rises again to 21m aOD and the pitch to the east at approximately 20m aOD. Pitch 1 lies outside the area shown on the historic mapping to have undergone the ground build up and therefore it is possible that levelling for the pitch in this area has the potential to have damaged or removed archaeological remains within this area (Plates 1-4). It is possible that the levelling for pitches 2 and 3 may not have impacted upon archaeological remains and these could be preserved beneath the ground build up.
4.6.3 It is possible that the creation of the car park and the club house may also have damaged or removed archaeological remains within the footprint of these works.
4.6.4 To date no boreholes or geotechnical investigations have been undertaken within the Site.
5 POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT EFFECTS- PHYSICAL EFFECTS
5.1 Introduction 5.1.1 This section provides an initial assessment of the potential effects of the proposed development in relation to elements of the historic environment resource that may be subject to physical impacts.
5.2 Summary of known and potential historic environment resource 5.2.1 The following table (Table 2) presents a summary of the known and potential elements of the historic environment resource within the Site and its vicinity, which could be physically affected by the development proposals, based on the information presented in Section 4.
5.2.2 Entries in the table are assigned a ‘Potential’ rating, which represents a measure of probability. This has been determined via the application of professional judgement, informed by the evidence presented in the preceding sections of this assessment. ‘Potential’ is expressed on a four point scale, assigned in accordance with the following criteria:
High Situations where heritage assets are known or strongly suspected to be present within the Site or its vicinity and which are likely to be well preserved. Moderate Includes cases where there are grounds for believing that heritage assets may be present, but for which conclusive evidence is not currently available. This category is also applied in situations in which heritage assets are likely to be present, but also where their state of preservation may have been compromised.
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Low Circumstances where the available information indicates that heritage assets are unlikely to be present, or that their state of preservation is liable to be severely compromised. Unknown Cases where currently available information does not provide sufficient evidence on which to provide an informed assessment with regard to the potential for heritage assets to be present. 5.2.3 The relative ‘Significance’ of known and potential heritage assets included in Table 2 has been determined in accordance with the criteria set out in Section 3.5.
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Table 2: Summary of known and potential historic environment resource within the Site
Potential Period and Description Significance Previous impacts
Ground build up in the northern The site has been occupied by a Rugby Club since 1987 which saw the creation of part of the Site. Ground removal three pitches, a club house and car park. Prior to this the northern part of the Site is for the creation of level pitches. Modern shown to have undergone some ground build up identified from the historic maps. Low Excavations associated with the Remains associated with the Sites use as a Rugby club are expected to be found club house, services and car within the Site, these remains would be of low significance only. park. High Ground build up in the northern The Site is shown upon historic mapping dating to the post-medieval period and 19th part of the Site. Ground removal Post-medieval century to have been occupied by fields and later orchards. Early mapping from the for the creation of level pitches. th th Low and 19 century 17 century show field boundaries crossing the Site and it is possible that these may Excavations associated with the survive as archaeological features below ground. club house, services and car park. Ground build up in the northern part of the Site. Ground removal A number of prehistoric implements have been found within the Study Area in for the creation of level pitches. particular dating to the Palaeolithic and Neolithic. Bronze Age finds and features have Excavations associated with the been found and a possible Bronze Age ring ditch is recorded approximately 170m to club house, services and car Moderate/ Prehistoric the north of the Site. Fieldwalking adjacent to the eastern boundary of the site park. High identified burnt flints. Part of the Site also lies upon the Taplow gravels which are It is unlikely that the above known to hold potential for the recovery of prehistoric flint implements, however these activities would have reached Moderate deposits are deeply buried. sufficient depths to alter the potential for the deeply buried Palaeolithic remains. Ground build up in the northern The Site lies between a small number of manors which are known to have had their part of the Site. Ground removal origins in the medieval period. Boston Manor lies to the east, Wyke Manor to the south Medieval Moderate for the creation of level pitches. west and Osterley Manor to the north west. It is likely that the Site existed as open Excavations associated with the agricultural land perhaps owned by one of the surrounding manors. club house, services and car park Ground build up in the northern To date there has been no recorded evidence dating to the Saxon period recovered part of the Site. Ground removal from within the Study Area. This could be due in part to the small number of Low Saxon Moderate for the creation of level pitches. archaeological investigations within the Study Area. A low potential has been identified Excavations associated with the for this period. club house, services and car park
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Evidence dating to the Romano-British period recorded within the Study Area comprises a coin and a large number of Romano-British pottery sherds recovered from Ground build up in the northern a colluvial layer. These finds suggest some Romano-British activity within the wider part of the Site. Ground removal Romano-British area but no evidence of archaeological features dating to this period have been Moderate for the creation of level pitches. recovered from the Study Area, this may be due in part to the small number of Excavations associated with the archaeological investigations in the area. club house, services and car park
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5.3 Statement of potential impact Designated heritage assets 5.3.1 No designated heritage assets would be physically affected by the implementation of the proposed development. The potential effects of the proposed development on the settings of designated heritage assets is explored in Section 6.
Archaeological remains 5.3.2 The construction of the proposed development is anticipated to entail the following sources of ground disturbance and excavations:
Preliminary site investigation works; Setting up a secure construction compound within the Site; Plant movement; Topsoil stripping; Piling and/or excavation of new foundation trenches; Installation of services, drainage and other infrastructure; Establishment of new car parking areas and access points; Excavation for the MUGA; Hard landscaping works (levelling, remodelling); and Soft landscaping and environmental enhancement works, including planting. 5.3.3 The aforementioned works have the potential to result in the damage to or loss of any buried archaeological features which may be present within their footprint. This could in turn result in a total or partial loss of significance of these heritage assets.
5.3.4 Any adverse impact to buried archaeological features would be permanent and irreversible in nature. This potential adverse effect could be reduced through the implementation of an appropriate scheme of archaeological mitigation.
5.3.5 The most destructive elements of the development proposals in terms of below ground archaeology (should any such remains be present within the Site) would be likely to be associated with the excavations for the foundations and services for the new school building.
5.3.6 It is possible that any ground removal for the creation of the MUGA and car parking areas also have potential to cause widespread truncation of archaeological remains within the working areas. This would be dependent upon the depths of these works and the depth of the archaeological horizon.
Historic Landscape Character 5.3.7 The historic landscape character of the Site is currently characterised as Osterley Park Character Area, which is characterised as open spaces. The construction of the large school building will alter the character of the Site however much of the Site will remain as open space and playing fields therefore retaining some of its former character. The effect of the development proposal upon the HLC of the Site and the character type as a whole is expected to be minimal.
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6 POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT EFFECTS- SETTING OF HERITAGE ASSETS
6.1 Introduction 6.1.1 This section presents an assessment of the potential effects of the proposed development in relation to the settings of heritage assets, carried out in accordance with the methodology detailed in Section 3.6.
6.2 Scoping exercise 6.2.1 The Site visit established that visibility beyond the Site boundary is quite restricted. To the south west of the Site on the opposite side of MacFarlane Lane are industrial buildings of multiple storeys which restrict views in this direction. The eastern and northern boundaries of the Site are delineated by mature trees and as such views were also restricted in these directions, however some visibility was possible to the surrounding area through gaps in the trees or above the tree line.
6.2.2 Close to the western boundary of the Site lies the Grade II Listed Pavilion and Club House (LB03). Gaps in the tree line meant that intervisibility could be established between the Site and the Pavilion and as such this has been scoped in for further detailed assessment below. St Mary’s Church (List Entry 1079376) which lies beyond the Study Area (2.2km to the north east of the Site) is Grade II* Listed and shared intervisibility with the Site, which has also been scoped in for further detailed assessment below. The clock tower of the Grade II Listed Gillette Factory could also be identified from the Site due to the height of the tower and as such has also been scoped in.
6.2.3 None of the other designated heritage assets within the Study Area could be identified from within the Site boundary and are as such not considered to be affected by the proposed development.
6.3 Pavilion and Club House (LB03) The asset and its setting 6.3.1 The Pavilion and Club House was designed in 1935 by Brian L. Sutcliffe and H. Colin Farmer. It was constructed from reinforced concrete and contains sports facilities such as changing rooms and offices on the first floor as well as refreshment room and spectator area. Above is a tiered spectator stand with a cantilever roof. The structure has been listed due to its special interest as a private sports pavilion with modernist influences (Harwood & Price 2002; List Entry 1271519).
Contribution of the setting to the significance of the asset 6.3.2 The Pavilion and Club House remains within its original setting as part of the Rugby Football Club of the University College School Old Boys Club. The building derives the a large part of its significance from its architectural and aesthetic value as an example of a sports building built in the modernist style which was a popular style between the 1930s to 1960s. The pavilion also has communal value as it is a building that is used by the players, spectators and other visitors to the club. The setting of the building has largely been preserved as the club has continued to be used as a Rugby Football Club.
Potential effects of the proposed development 6.3.3 The use of the Site also as a Rugby club is in keeping with the setting of the listed pavilion however the Site does not lie within the immediate setting of the pavilion and has never formed part of the same rugby club. In addition to this the Site has only been a rugby club relatively recently (1987) and as such is of a different era. The use of the Site as a rugby club is thought to have a neutral effect on the setting of the pavilion. The conversion of the 19 WA Project No. 115350.01
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Site as a school and the construction of a two and four storey building within the Site may have some minor adverse effect to the setting of the pavilion however this is expected to be minimal. Much of the Site will continue to be used as playing fields and sports pitches which will continue its former character.
6.4 Premises of Gillette United Kingdom Limited (LB10) The asset and its setting 6.4.1 The premises of Gillette was built in 1937 as a factory and office space for the business. The clock tower is considered to be a local landmark and is comprised of a plain brick built shaft with pilaster strips and small slit windows. The building was designed by Sir Bannister Fletcher in the Art Deco style. It has two storeys and a basement, the four lamp standards outside the front entrance to the building are also Grade II Listed.
Contribution of the setting to the significance of the asset 6.4.2 The building derives much of its significance from its evidential and aesthetic value as an example of a brick built 1930s factory and office building. The clock tower adds to the aesthetic value as a local landmark which can be seen from the surrounding area. The tower has four clock faces which are illuminated at night. Whilst the building has never been a public building it does have communal value as a landmark and as a public timepiece at both day and night. The buildings historical value is through its design by Sir Bannister Fletcher and in the 1930s Art Deco style of design.
Potential effects of the proposed development 6.4.3 The clock tower is the only part of the Gillette premises that is visible from the Site. Despite the height of the tower it was only visible from parts the south western extent of the Site due to the intervening multi-storey development on the opposite side of MacFarlane Lane to the Site. Due to the limited visibility between the clock tower and the proposed building any adverse effect to the setting of the Grade II building is expected to be minimal.
6.5 St Mary’s Church (List Entry 1079376) The asset and its setting 6.5.1 St Marys Church is thought to have been on the Site of a Norman Church and there is known to have been a church on this site at the end of the 16th century. The medieval church was pulled down in the late 16th century and rebuilt and reopened in 1740. The architect S.S. Tuelon transformed the village church by enlarging and decorating it in vibrant colours in the Romanesque Style. The church is considered to be one of the best surviving examples of Tuelons work.
Contribution of the setting to the significance of the asset 6.5.2 The church has historical and evidential value though its development from an earlier church on the Site and also through its connections to the architect S.S.Tuelon. The church has aesthetic value due to its decorative design and also communal value as a place of worship for the local community.
Potential effects of the proposed development 6.5.3 The Church was only visible from the eastern part of the Site upon the area of high ground, through a gap in the trees. Views were also over a long distance (2.2km). As the development is to be focussed in the southern part of the Site it is unlikely that any intervisibility will be able to be established between the two. As such it is unlikely that the development will have an adverse effect upon the setting of this heritage asset.
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7 CONCLUSIONS
7.1 General 7.1.1 The effect of the development proposals on the known and potential heritage resource will be a material consideration in determination of the planning application. This study has identified no overriding cultural heritage constraints which are likely to prohibit development.
7.1.2 This assessment has established that there is an archaeological interest within the Site. This is defined as the potential for the presence of buried archaeological remains, in particular relating to the medieval and prehistoric periods. However, due to a lack of previous archaeological investigation within the Site, the potential for and significance of any such remains could not be accurately assessed on the basis of the available evidence.
7.1.3 A moderate potential has been identified for the prehistoric period due to finds recovered from the Study Area dating to this period. A possible Bronze Age ring ditch is also thought to have existed 170m from the Site and burnt flint attributed to the prehistoric period has been recovered close to the Site boundary. The Site also holds potential for the recovery of flint implements from the Taplow Gravel deposits which are thought to be present at the Site. In the absence of geotechnical information and information regarding the proposed building foundation depths it is difficult to determine whether the gravel deposits are likely to be affected by the proposed development.
7.1.4 The Site lies between the known locations of medieval manors and is likely to have formed part of the land surrounding the manors. In the post-medieval period the Site was divided into three parcels of land perhaps used for meadow or agriculture. It is possible that remains of former field boundaries may survive within the Site dating to the post- medieval periods as shown on the historic maps; these remains would be considered to be of local significance.
7.1.5 A low potential has been identified for the Romano-British and Anglo-Saxon periods as only a small amount of evidence for these periods has been recovered from within the Study Area to date.
7.1.6 Any adverse impact to buried archaeological features as a result of the implementation of the development proposals would be permanent and irreversible in nature. This potential adverse effect could be reduced through the implementation of an appropriate scheme of archaeological mitigation, in accordance with national and local planning policy.
7.1.7 During the Site visit three listed buildings were identified as being potentially sensitive receptors to the development. It is unlikely that any adverse effect will occur to the Grade II* Listed Church of St Mary or the Grade II Listed Gillette building. As the Grade II listed pavilion lies adjacent to the Site, a minor adverse effect to the setting of this building may occur as a result of the development however this could be mitigated by appropriate screening of the development as far as possible.
7.1.8 The Historic Landscape Character of the Site will change as a result of the development however this is not thought to affect the character type as a whole.
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7.2 Recommendations 7.2.1 The presence, location and significance of any buried archaeological remains within the Site cannot currently be confirmed on the basis of the available information. Pre- application consultation with the archaeological advisor to Hounslow Borough Council has recommended that a geophysical survey of the Site is undertaken, followed by a targeted trial trench evaluation to ascertain the presence, nature and significance of archaeological remains within the Site. An assessment of aerial photographs will also be undertaken to supplement this Desk-Based Assessment.
7.2.2 The need for, scale, scope and nature of any further archaeological works should be agreed through consultation with the statutory authorities.
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8 REFERENCES
8.1 Bibliography Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1979/46. CgMs 2015. Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment, Proposed Niksham West London Free School, White Lodge Club, Syon Lane, Wyke Green, TW7 5PN. Unpublished client report. CgMs/ASE 2016. Archaeological Excavation, Niksham School Site, Syon Lane, Hounslow. Unpublished client report. CgMs/ASE 2016. Historic Building Recording, Proposed Niksham West, London Free School, White Lodge Club, Syon Lane, Wyke Green, TW7 5PN. Unpublished client report. Chartered Institute for Archaeologists, 2014. Standards and guidance for historic environment desk-based assessment. Available at: http://www.archaeologists.net/codes/ifa Clegg, G. 1991. The Archaeology of Hounslow. West London Archaeological Field Group. Department of Communities and Local Government (DCLG), 2012. National Planning Policy Framework. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications /national-planning-policy-framework--2 English Heritage, 2008. Conservation Principles, Policies and Guidance for the Sustainable Management of the Historic Environment. Available at: https://www.historicengland.org.uk/images-books/publications/conservation- principles-sustainable-management-historic-environment/ Harwood, E. & Price, M. 2002. Hidden Hounslow. The Twentieth Century Society. Historic England, 2015a. Managing Significance in Decision-Taking in the Historic Environment: Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning Note 2. Available at: https://historicengland.org.uk/images-books/publications/gpa2- managing-significance-in-decision-taking/ Historic England, 2015b. The Setting of Heritage Assets: Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning Note 3. Available at: http://historicengland.org.uk/images-books/publications/gpa3-setting-of-heritage- assets/ MoLAS, 2007. BSKYB Harlequin 1, Harlequin Avenue, Archaeological Evaluation. Unpublished client report. PCA, 2006. BSKYB Harlequin Avenue, Archaeological Watching Brief. Unpublished client report. The Hedgerows Regulations 1997 (as amended 2002). Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/1160/contents/made Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/9/contents Protection of Wrecks Act 1973. Available at: http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1973/33
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8.2 Historic Environment Records Greater London Historic Environment Record (GLHER)
8.3 Cartographic and documentary sources 1635 Moses Glover ‘Survey Map of Isleworth Hundred’ 1746 John Rocque ‘London and the Country 10 Miles Around’ 1818 Isleworth Award and Enclosure Map (Plan F) 1840 J. Warren ‘Map of the Parish of Isleworth’ 1850 J. Warren ‘The Plan of the Parish of Isleworth, Middlesex’ 1865 First Edition Ordnance Survey 25 inch map (1:2,500) Sheet 20.4 1894-96 Second Edition Ordnance Survey 25 inch map (1:2,500) Sheet 20.4 1915 Third Edition Ordnance Survey 25 inch map (1:2,500) Sheet 20.4 1935 Edition Ordnance Survey 25 inch map (1:2,500) Sheet 20.4 1961-63 Ordnance Survey map (1:2,500) Online 1966 Ordnance Survey map (1:10,560) Online 1988-1995 Ordnance Survey map (1:10,000) Online
8.4 Online resources http://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/ http://www.biab.ac.uk/ http://opendomesday.org/ http://www.heritagegateway.org.uk http://www.historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/ http://www.magic.gov.uk http://www.old-maps.co.uk/index.html http://www.pastscape.org.uk/ http://www.british-history.ac.uk/ http://oasis.ac.uk/england/ http://mapapps.bgs.ac.uk/geologyofbritain/home.html http://planningguidance.planningportal.gov.uk/
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9 APPENDICES
9.1 Appendix 1: Terminology Glossary The terminology used in this assessment follows definitions contained within Annex 2 of NPPF:
There will be archaeological interest in a heritage asset if it holds, or potentially may hold, Archaeological evidence of past human activity worthy of expert investigation at some point. Heritage assets interest with archaeological interest are the primary source of evidence about the substance and evolution of places, and of the people and cultures that made them.
Conservation (for The process of maintaining and managing change to a heritage asset in a way that sustains heritage policy) and, where appropriate, enhances its significance.
World Heritage Sites, Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings, Protected Wreck Sites, Designated heritage Registered Park and Gardens, Registered Battlefields and Conservation Areas designated assets under the relevant legislation. A building monument, site, place, area or landscape identified as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions, because of its heritage interest. Heritage asset Heritage assets include designated heritage assets and assets identified by the local planning authority (including local listing). All aspects of the environment resulting from the interaction between people and places Historic environment through time, including all surviving physical remains of past human activity, whether visible, buried or submerged, and landscaped and planted or managed flora.
Historic environment Information services that seek to provide access to comprehensive and dynamic resources record relating to the historic environment of a defined geographic area for public benefit and use.
The surroundings in which a heritage asset is experienced. Its extent is not fixed and may Setting of a heritage change as the asset and its surroundings evolve. Elements of a setting may make a positive asset or negative contribution to the significance of an asset, may affect the ability to appreciate that significance or may be neutral. The value of a heritage asset to this and future generations because of its heritage interest. Significance (for That interest may be archaeological, architectural, artistic or historic. Significance derives not heritage policy) only from a heritage asset’s physical presence, but also from its setting.
Value An aspect of worth or importance
Chronology Where referred to in the text, the main archaeological periods are broadly defined by the following date ranges:
Prehistoric Historic Romano- Palaeolithic 970,000 – 9500 BC AD 43 – 410 British Early Post- 9500 – 8500 BC Saxon AD 410 – 1066 glacial Mesolithic 8500 – 4000 BC Medieval AD 1066 – 1500 Post- Neolithic 4000 – 2400 BC AD 1500 – 1800 medieval Bronze Age 2400 – 700 BC 19th Century AD 1800 – 1899
Iron Age 700 BC – AD 43 Modern 1900 – present day
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9.2 Appendix 2: Legislative and planning framework
Designated Heritage Assets
Designation Associated Overview Legislation World Heritage - The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) World Heritage Committee inscribes World Heritage Sites Sites for their Outstanding Universal Value (OUV) – cultural and/or natural significance which is so exceptional as to transcend national boundaries and to be of common importance for present and future generations of all humanity. England protects its World Heritage Sites and their settings, including any buffer zones or equivalent, through the statutory designation process and through the planning system. The National Planning Policy Framework sets out detailed policies for the conservation and enhancement of the historic environment, including World Heritage Sites, through both plan-making and decision-taking. Scheduled Ancient Under the Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979, the Secretary of State (DCMS) can schedule any site which appears to Monuments and Monuments and be of national importance because of its historic, architectural, traditional, artistic or archaeological interest. The historic town centres of Areas of Archaeological Canterbury, Chester, Exeter, Hereford and York have been designated as Archaeological Areas of Importance under Part II of the Ancient Archaeological Areas Act 1979 Monuments and Archaeological Areas Act 1979. Additional controls are placed upon works affecting Scheduled Monuments and Areas of Importance Archaeological Importance under the Act. The consent of the Secretary of State (DCMS), as advised by Historic England, is required for certain works affecting Scheduled Monuments. Listed Buildings Planning (Listed In England, under Section 1 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990, the Secretary of State is required to Buildings and compile lists of buildings of special architectural or historic interest, on advice from English Heritage/Historic England. Works affecting Conservation Listed Buildings are subject to additional planning controls administered by Local Planning Authorities. Historic England is a statutory Areas) Act 1990 consultee in certain works affecting Listed Buildings. Under certain circumstances, Listed Building Consent is required for works affecting Listed Buildings. Conservation Planning (Listed A Conservation Area is an area which has been designated because of its special architectural or historic interest, the character or Areas Buildings and appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance. In most cases, Conservation Areas are designated by Local Planning Conservation Authorities. Section 72 (1) of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 requires authorities to have regard to the Areas) Act 1990 fact that there is a Conservation Area when exercising any of their functions under the Planning Acts and to pay special attention to the desirability of preserving or enhancing the character or appearance of Conservation Areas. Although a locally administered designation, Conservation Areas may nevertheless be of national importance and significant developments within a Conservation Area are referred to Historic England. Registered Parks National The Register of Parks and Gardens was established under the National Heritage Act 1983. The Battlefields Register was established in and Gardens and Heritage Act 1995. Both Registers are administered by Historic England. These designations are non-statutory but are, nevertheless, material Registered 1983 considerations in the planning process. Historic England and The Garden’s Trust (formerly known as The Garden History Society) are Battlefields statutory consultees in works affecting Registered Parks and Gardens Protected Wreck Protection of The Protection of Wrecks Act 1973 allows the Secretary of State to designate a restricted area around a wreck to prevent uncontrolled Sites Wrecks Act interference. These statutorily protected areas are likely to contain the remains of a vessel, or its contents, which are of historical, artistic or 1973 archaeological importance.
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National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF)
NPPF Section 12: Conserving and enhancing the historic environment
Para. 128 In determining applications, local planning authorities should require an applicant to describe the significance of any heritage assets affected, including any contribution made by their setting. The level of detail should be proportionate to the assets’ importance and no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance. As a minimum the relevant historic environment record should have been consulted and the heritage assets assessed using appropriate expertise where necessary. Where a site on which development is proposed includes or has the potential to include heritage assets with archaeological interest, local planning authorities should require developers to submit an appropriate desk-based assessment and, where necessary, a field evaluation. Para.129 Local planning authorities should identify and assess the particular significance of any heritage asset that may be affected by a proposal (including by development affecting the setting of a heritage asset) taking account of the available evidence and any necessary expertise. They should take this assessment into account when considering the impact of a proposal on a heritage asset, to avoid or minimise conflict between the heritage asset’s conservation and any aspect of the proposal. Para. 132 When considering the impact of a proposed development on the significance of a designated heritage asset, great weight should be given to the asset’s conservation. The more important the asset, the greater the weight should be. Significance can be harmed or lost through alteration or destruction of the heritage asset or development within its setting. As heritage assets are irreplaceable, any harm or loss should require clear and convincing justification. Substantial harm to or loss of a grade II listed building, park or garden should be exceptional. Substantial harm to or loss of designated heritage assets of the highest significance, notably scheduled monuments, protected wreck sites, battlefields, grade I and II* listed buildings, grade I and II* registered parks and gardens, and World Heritage Sites, should be wholly exceptional. Para. 135 The effect of an application on the significance of a non-designated heritage asset should be taken into account in determining the application. In weighing applications that affect directly or indirectly non designated heritage assets, a balanced judgement will be required having regard to the scale of any harm or loss and the significance of the heritage asset. Para. 137 Local planning authorities should look for opportunities for new development within Conservation Areas and World Heritage Sites and within the setting of heritage assets to enhance or better reveal their significance. Proposals that preserve those elements of the setting that make a positive contribution to or better reveal the significance of the asset should be treated favourably Para. 139 Non-designated heritage assets of archaeological interest that are demonstrably of equivalent significance to scheduled monuments, should be considered subject to the policies for designated heritage assets. Para. 141 Local planning authorities should make information about the significance of the historic environment gathered as part of plan-making or development management publicly accessible. They should also require developers to record and advance understanding of the significance of any heritage assets to be lost (wholly or in part) in a manner proportionate to their importance and the impact, and to make this evidence (and any archive generated) publicly accessible. However, the ability to record evidence of our past should not be a factor in deciding whether such loss should be permitted.
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Local Planning Policy
Hounslow Local Plan 2015-2030 (Adopted September 2015)
Policy ref. Title Scope Policy CC4 Heritage Our Approach: We will identify, conserve and take opportunities to enhance the significance of the borough’s heritage assets as a positive means of supporting an area’s distinctive character and sense of history. We Will Achieve this by: (a) Collating a borough-wide Heritage Strategy to guide a long-term, ambitious strategy for the continued conservation, enhancement and enjoyment of the significance of the borough’s heritage assets, in consultation with the borough’s local history societies and residents; (b) Conserving and taking opportunities to enhance the significance of the borough’s network of designated and non-designated heritage assets and their settings, identifying new assets where appropriate and recognising the cumulative positive impact of heritage assets in a given area in consultation with the borough’s local history societies and residents. We will use Article 4 directions where appropriate to enhance conservation of character or fabric; (c) Promoting heritage-led regeneration, particularly where this brings long term value and sense of place to development, such as in our town centres and along the Golden Mile. We will aim to secure the regeneration of heritage assets at risk, including those within Gunnersbury Park, Hanworth Park, Boston Manor House and the former Hounslow Powder Mills sites; (d) Working with Royal Botanic Gardens Kew World Heritage Site, London Borough of Richmond and Historic England to conserve and enhance the outstanding universal values of The Royal Botanical Gardens Kew World Heritage Site, its buffer zone and its setting, including views to and from this asset. This includes assisting in the implementation of the World Heritage Site Management Plan; (e) Promoting the appropriate re-use of historic buildings and supporting schemes that conserve the significance of, and provide the heritage asset with a sustainable, long-term use; (f) Working with our network of partners to ensure the borough’s heritage is accessible, appreciated, valued and enjoyed by residents, workers and visitors; (g) Conserving and enhancing the strategic and local views identified in the Urban Context and Character Study that give the borough its character, visual richness and coherence; and by maintaining and updating a schedule of views; and (h) Conserving and enhancing the borough’s beneficial and historic landmarks identified in the Urban Context and Character Study, which provide a strong visual and physical presence in the townscape. We will expect the development proposals to: (i) Conserve and take opportunities to enhance any heritage asset and its setting in a manner appropriate to its significance; (j) Retain, conserve and reuse a heritage asset in a manner appropriate to its value and significance; (k) Demonstrate that substantial harm to or loss of a heritage asset is avoided, unless exceptional circumstances can be demonstrated, consistent with the NPPF; (l) Demonstrate that where a development proposal will lead to less than substantial harm to the significance of a designated heritage asset (see Glossary), this harm will be outweighed by the public benefits of the proposal, including securing its optimum viable use; or (m) Have regard to any harm to, or loss of, the significance of a non-designated heritage asset, including from both direct and indirect effects. Non-designated heritage assets include locally listed buildings, Archaeological Priority Areas and areas of special local character. Buildings and Structures: n) In the case of alterations, extensions or changes of use of a heritage asset a proposal should demonstrate that:
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Hounslow Local Plan 2015-2030 (Adopted September 2015)
Policy ref. Title Scope i. It is in keeping with the character of the building and harmonious with its surroundings and the wider character of the area; and, with particular respect to listed buildings or identified aspects of locally listed buildings, it preserves their special architectural or historic character and any features they may possess; ii. It is of a high quality design and sympathetic in terms of scale and form to the original building and in the use of materials and other details to the period and style of the original building; iii. Opportunities to mitigate or adapt to climate change through the re-use or adaptation are maximised as long as this is not to the detriment of important aspects of character; iv. That it maintains the character of interiors and retain internal features of interest including layouts, methods and means of construction where these are important; v. That the original use is no longer viable and the benefits of the proposed use are demonstrated and would be in keeping with the character of the area; and vi. That a record is made and submitted of features of interest found, to be maintained and extended during works. Sustainability and salvage aspects should be factored into proposals. Conservation Areas: (o) Any development within or affecting a Conservation Area must conserve and take opportunities to enhance the character of the area, and respect the grain, scale, form, proportions and materials of the surrounding area and existing architecture; and (p) Retain and reuse any building in a conservation area which makes or can be adapted to make a positive contribution to the character of the area. Where a building makes little contribution to the area, consent for demolition will not be given unless there are approved plans for redevelopment or reuse of the land which will conserve and enhance the character of the area. Sustainability and salvage aspects should be factored into proposals. World Heritage Site: (q) Conserve and enhance the internationally recognised Outstanding Universal Value of the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew World Heritage Site, its buffer zone and its setting, including views to and from the site. Sites of Archaeological Importance: (r) We will expect the development proposal to submit an Archaeological Evaluation Report if the proposal falls within or adjacent to an Archaeological Priority Area; (s) We may require that an on-site assessment by trial work (archaeological field evaluation) is carried out before any decision on the planning application is taken; and (t) We will require any nationally important remains and their settings to be preserved permanently in situ, subject to consultation with Historic England as the borough’s archaeological adviser. If preservation in situ is required the development proposal will need to accommodate this in the design. Scheduled Ancient Monuments: (u) Conserve and enhance a scheduled ancient monument and its setting if affected. Proposals must assess and submit an evaluation report if the proposal affects a scheduled ancient monument. Strategic and Local Views: (v) Conserve and enhance any strategic or local views identified in the Urban Context and Character Study and undertake a visual impact assessment to demonstrate no adverse impacts on the designated view or on views from Royal Botanic Gardens Kew World Heritage Site. Registered Parks and Gardens: (w) Consider adding to the list and encouraging preservation and enhancement through appropriate management measures. Listed Buildings at Risk: x) Continue to assist with Historic England’s Register of Heritage at Risk, adding items where necessary but seeking their removal by developing a proactive strategy for working with owners to ensure the continued conservation of the significance of the 29 WA Project No. 115350.01
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Hounslow Local Plan 2015-2030 (Adopted September 2015)
Policy ref. Title Scope boroughs heritage assets.
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9.3 Appendix 3: Gazetteer
WA no. Mon ID Name Description Period Easting Northing An assemblage of Palaeolithic mammalian fossil remains were found during the digging of Great West Road a trench along the Great West Road near the Lucozade Factory (now the GlaxoSmithKline (A4) building) in 1961.The assemblage was composed of fossils of both Mammoth, Large [GlaxoSmithKline], Bovids and Fallow Deer. Specimens recorded from the site are now located in the Natural Brentford, History Museum, London. A suggested age for the deposits 130,000 - 115,000 BC WA01 MLO102988 Hounslow (Marine Isotope Stage 5e). Palaeolithic 517047 177876
WA02 MLO2184 MACKLINS PIT NUMEROUS FLINT IMPLEMENTS, SOME SHOWING LEVALLOIS TECHNIQUE Palaeolithic 515605 178205 STEWARD S SECONDARY FLAKE. COLLECTED BY T CROOKE & GIVEN TO JA BROWN. CAME TO WA03 MLO11768 PITPIT B SADLERVIA LOYDE(?). LOCATION OF PIT UNCLEAR Palaeolithic 517005 178005 Implements from unspecified or unidentifiable pits, Sadler and Crooke collections. A large quantity of Palaeolithic tools have been found in the area of Stanwell. They were uncovered by aggregate extraction and building works in the late 19th century AD. Finds Wyke Gardens, were located in a number of pits (Seward's Pit, Boston Road Pit) and other locations. Hanwell, Ealing Finds are now located in collections at the British Museum and the Institute of MLO11737 {Palaeolithic tools} Archaeology, London. HANWELL (FROM 3 POLISHED AXES FROM PITS (SEWARDS / MACHLINS PITS) AT HANWELL. ONE 516005 179005 WA04 MLO1779 GRAVEL PITS IN ) AXE WAS 8.5 INCHES LONG. Prehistoric
WA05 MLO68784 OSTERLEY PARK A chipped flint axe was found in Osterley Park. Neolithic 515105 178305
FRAGMENTS OF DEVEREL RIMBURY URN AND SOME STRUCK FLINT, FOUND BENEATH DIVIDING FENCE WHILST DIGGING A GRAVE FOR A DOG. REMOVAL 160-162 WOOD LA SUPERVISED BY J COTTON FOR Department of Greater London Archaeology (W), WA06 MLO2189 NORTH AUG'79, NO SITE CODE. Bronze Age 515405 177505
PYRENE SPORTS SMALL RINGWORK CUT BY PICCADILLY RAILWAY LINE(MAYBE SAME AS GLHER WA07 MLO1950 CLUB NO 050438?). Bronze Age 515605 178005 WYKE GREEN GOLF COURSE VERY HEAVY CONCENTRATION OF LARGE CALCINED FLINTS FOUND DURING WA08 MLO2211 (SE OF) FIELD WALKING.(West London Archaeological Field Group FIELD-WALK 25/1/73) Prehistoric 516105 178105 Romano- WA09 MLO2615 SYON PARK GDNS COIN: CONSTANTINE 1 URBS ROMANA. FOUND 1872. British 515805 177405
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Evaluation, Geoarchaeological test pits, historic building recording and excavation in advance of the development of the Niksham School. Evaluation revealed a few struck flints recovered from the site along with several sherds of prehistoric pottery. The majority of the finds were not from features. Two post-medieval ditches were found and three possible prehistoric features recorded. Subsequent excavation over an area 25m x 25m. A single middle Bronze Age feature comprising a small pit with a deliberately deposited pottery vessel. While this feature was not a cremation burial it does hint at a 'ritualised' and/or funerary element to the Mid Bronze Age landscape. 2 modern goal post features also recorded. Five geoarachaeological test pits excavated to a depth of 3.5m. One dubious Not yet core was recovered and some possible debitage however these were not thought to be entered on Niksham School, significant. The Historic Building Recording was undertaken upon the buildings associated WA10 GLHER Syon Lane with the Sites use as a sports club Multi-period 515589 177584
An evaluation by S Hoad for Museum of London Archaeology Service between February MLO59689/ and March 1994 (site code SLI94). The Prehistoric period was represented by one pot ELO9624 SYON LA sherd and several fragments of burnt and worked flint. See also SMR 052381. An evaluation by S Hoad for Museum of London Archaeology Service between February MLO59690/ and March 1994 (site code SLI94). Numerous modern deposits consisting mainly of 516005 177605 WA11 ELO9624 SYON LA building debris and modern dump deposits. See also SMR 052380. Multi-period Several phases of Roman ditches were found during the evaluation in an area of high ground overlooking the River Brent. These were interpreted as field boundaries. No further periods recorded under this site code. NB: The subsequent excavation (November- December 1998 by Stewart Hoad, same site code) revealed that the original interpretation of cut features in the sections were in fact slumping within colluvial deposits. The "ditches" were ascribed to the Roman period on the basis of abraded pot sherds MLO73283/ within the hillwash (R. Whytehead, pers. comm.). A total of 33 sherds were recovered ELO3319/ GREAT WEST RD including Verulamium Region White ware, Alice Holt/Farnham ware, a sherd of Central ELO9655 TW8 Gaulish Samian and Oxford Colour-Coated ware. Excavation undertaken by Stewart Hoad for Museum of London Archaeology Service, November-December 1999; site code FTR98. Occasional finds of burnt and struck flint were recovered from within colluvial deposits, notably a late Neolithic/early bronze age arrowhead. It is of hollow-based type, the point and both tangs are broken. Periods GREAT WEST RD recorded under this site code: Roman (054661), Neolithic/bronze age (054681), medieval MLO73411 TW8 (054682), post-medieval (054683). Excavation undertaken by Stewart Hoad for Museum of London Archaeology Service, November-December 1999; site code FTR98. Post-medieval finds including ceramic building material, pottery and clay pipe were recovered from within colluvial 517005 177945 GREAT WEST RD deposits. Periods recorded under this site code: Roman (054661), Neolithic/bronze age Multi-period WA12 MLO73412 TW8 (054681), medieval (054682), post-medieval (054683).
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A small quantity of medieval pottery was recovered from within colluvial deposits. These included three sherds of abraded local grey ware and early Surrey ware (dated 1050- 1150) and two sherds of later date. One was of South Herts/Limpsfield greyware (dated GREAT WEST RD 1150-1300) the other was from a Kingston ware jug (dated broadly to 1230-1400). All the MLO73413 TW8 sherds were abraded and very small.
BOSTON MANOR 1 LARGE & SEVERAL SMALLER PITS SEEN IN A PIPE TRENCH. CONTAINED HOUSE [FROM GLAZED FLOOR TILE & SURREY WARE SHERDS. POTTERY BRICK TILE & ROOF WA13 MLO10594 FRONT LAWN OF] TILE (Artefact). SLO16916 Medieval 516865 178365 Watching brief by Department of Greater London Archaeology, 1987-8. Part of an ashlar and timber ?conduit running roughly N-S was observed within a service trench. This was GREAT WEST RD probably part of a C15th conduit running from the conduit house at Syon Hill to Syon WA14 MLO68855 ISLEWORTH Abbey which survived until the 20th century. Medieval 516155 177375 PYRENE SPORTS MOATED SITE CUT BY PICCADILLY LINE RAILWAY. POSSIBLY MANOR HOUSE SITE WA15 MLO10578 CLUB GROUNDS OF WYKE MANOR. Medieval 515405 177805 WYKE HOUSE WAS BUILT FOR JOHN ROBINSON IN THE LATE 18C. HE APPROACHED ROBERTADAM FOR DESIGNS FOR A NEW HOUSE TO REPLACE THE OLD BUILDING HE HAD PURCHASED IN 1778 AND THERE ARE SEVERAL DRAWINGS RELATED TO WYKE HOUSE IN THE SOANEMUSEUM, BUT THERE IS NO EVIDENCE THAT ADAM WAS EVENTUALLY EMPLOYED ON THE WORK. THERE WAS ONE ROOM ON THE GROUND FLOOR KNOWN AS THE "ADAM ROOM" BUT IT WAS NOT A PARTICULARLY GOOD EXAMPLE OF HIS TYPE. THE HOUSE WAS USED AS A SCHOOL FROM 1820 TO 1840 WHEN IT BECAME A PRIVATE MENTAL HOSPITAL. IT REMAINED AS A MENTAL HOSPITAL UNTIL 1970. IT WAS Post- WA16 MLO3286 SYON LA DEMOLISHED IN THE 1970S. medieval 515720 177578 Within the excavation of geotechnical pit 1 a silty layer was found to overly a masonry wall orientated east-west 2m x 0.5m. It consisted of five courses of bricks bonded by hard gritty MLO76090/ grey mortar. The bricks were unfrogged and its seems to be part of a garden wall or a ELO591 Nazareth House building, Below the make up layer in pit 3 was a 0.2m thick deposit of alluvial clayey silt. This layer was sealing a layer of demolition rubble that was over 0.8m thick. This included CBM and MLO76966/ sand and 18th century unfrogged handmade brick similar to those in trench . Therefore Post- 516500 177500 WA17 ELO591 Nazareth House this dump may represent an infilling of a stream channel or a river revetment. medieval
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18th century landscape park, lakes, woodland and agricultural land, covering around 560ha, enclosing central grounds of 56ha, in divided ownership. The estate was crossed in the 1960s by M4 motorway. Osterley Park and grounds were given to the National Trust in 1949. The ground at Osterley is flat. The early development of the park and gardens at Osterley is not well-documented, but a formal layout of avenues was certainly created, and survived until mid-18th century, as shown in Rocque's map of 1745. Sizeable ponds also existed to the north-east of the house, and were incorporated in the present layout of serpentine lakes running from south-south-west of the house round to the east and north-east for 1.5km, created in mid-18th century. Part of Upper Lake still exists north of the M4 motorway, as does the Menagerie building by Chambers. The Temple of Pan, 1750, by Chambers, is 220m to the north-west of the house. Robert Adam designed the Orangery, lost during World War II, but his Stove House, c.1770, survives, immediately west of the 16th century walled kitchen garden. The line of the original entrance avenue from Osterley Lane to the north survives, but has Osterley Park {18th lost its elms. Jubilee Avenue, planted to mark Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee, Post- century landscape approaches the house from the north-west. South Avenue was planted in 1870s to link the medieval to WA18 MLO59217 park} Park with the railway. modern 514448 178421 It is thought that the Manor of Boston (earlier called Bordeston, Borstone and then Burston) was set up by Gervais de Blois, an illegitimate son of King Stephen; it was later granted to Ralf de Brito who built a church and churchyard adjoining his house in 1163, possibly the site of St Lawrence's church (q.v.). In the late 12th century the Manor was granted to the nuns of St Helen Bishopsgate (q.v.) and was probably used to for growing food and as a retreat. From 1306 the nuns ran a weekly market and an annual 6-day fair took place from the eve of St Lawrence's Day. In 1538 at the Dissolution of the Monasteries it was taken over by the Crown, and in 1547 Edward VI gave this and other properties, including Syon (q.v.), to the Duke of Somerset, the Lord Protector. Boston Manor was later taken back in 1552 and in 1572 Queen Elizabeth I gave it to Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester who sold it to Sir Thomas Gresham, owner of Osterley Park (q.v.). The house that survives today is the brick manor house built in 1623 by Lady Mary Boston Manor Reade who had inherited the property for her lifetime. She was the widow of Sir Thomas Road/Boston Gresham's stepson, Sir William Reade, knighted by James I. Sir William had died in 1621, Gardens and in 1623 Lady Mary married Sir Edward Spencer of Althorp and may have built the [Boston Manor house quickly in time for their wedding. In 1642, during the Civil War, the Battle of Park] Boston Brentford was fought nearby and it is rumoured that Charles I watched it from Boston Manor, House. A fire in the 1650s destroyed the manor records and part of the house. After Lady Hounslow, TW8 Mary's death in 1658, the property was inherited by her relation, John Goldsmith, on {Park surrounds the whose death in 1670 the estate of some 230 acres was sold for £5,135 17s 4d to James Post- old Clitherow, an East India merchant, who extended the house to the north. It was from his medieval to WA19 MLO104451 manor house} descendants that it was bought by the Brentford UDC in 1924. modern 516800 177985
34 WA Project No. 115350.01
Bolder Academy, MacFarlane Lane, Isleworth, Hounslow Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Wood Lane, A 19th century gas fuelled lamp post on Wood Lane near to the junction with the Great Osterley, Hounslow Western Road was identified during a walk over survey in January 2012 by Millward Davis {19th century lamp as part of a desk based assessment. The lamp post is cast iron and marked with 'WEBB WA20 MLO104889 post} LAMP Co. LIMITED. BIRMINGHAM'. 19th century 515576 177291 M4 [Osterley Lock], Osterley, Ealing {19th century canal A 19th century canal lock located to the north of the modern M4. The lock is east of WA21 MLO73018 lock} Wyncote Farm and is on the part of the River Brent which has been canalized. 19th century 515841 178856 Site of landfill taken from British Geological Survey data supplied to the Environment Agency. It is not known whether this site was made or worked land, and the date of infill is unknown, although all of are 19th/20th century date. A digitised map showing the extent of 19th-20th WA22 MLO72661 GREAT WEST RD each landfill site is also held. century 515205 177305
Site of landfill taken from British Geological Survey data supplied to the Environment Agency. It is not known whether this site was made or worked land, and the date of infill is unknown, although all of are 19th/20th century date. A digitised map showing the extent of 19th-20th WA23 MLO72693 TRANSPORT AVE each landfill site is also held. century 516405 178105
Site of landfill taken from British Geological Survey data supplied to the Environment Agency. It is not known whether this site was made or worked land, and the date of infill is unknown, although all of are 19th/20th century date. A digitised map showing the extent of 19th-20th WA24 MLO72717 TRANSPORT AVE each landfill site is also held. century 516705 177705 Boston Manor Road/Blondin Avenue/Windmill The land was originally part of Boston Farm. In 1928 Ealing Town Council decided to Road/Niagara acquire 17.25 acres of land for public open space. Middlesex County Council at first Avenue, offered to contribute up to £3,072 but reduced this amount when ETC proposed to use 4.5 [Blondin Park and acres for school playing fields and 3.5 acres for allotments. MCC's contribution of Nature Area], £1,586.55 was for a quarter of the cost of the 9.25 acre Recreation Ground and was Ealing, conditional on this portion being permanently dedicated to such use. It opened as W5 {early 20th Northfields Recreation Ground but by 1957 had been renamed Blondin Park after the WA25 MLO107721 century public park} French acrobat and tightrope walker, Charles Blondin (1824-97). Modern 516854 178807 TRUMPERS WOOD (SOUTH WA26 MLO10579 OF) FAINT LINEAR DITCHES, POSSIBLY A FIELD SYSTEM. Unknown 515525 178425 SYON LA (EAST WA27 MLO2180 OF ) POSSIBLE RECTILINEAR ENCLOSURE. EXTANT? Unknown 515715 177915
35 WA Project No. 115350.01
Bolder Academy, MacFarlane Lane, Isleworth, Hounslow Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Harlequin Avenue An evaluation was carried out at BSkyB Harlequin 1 by Museum of London Archaeology [BSkyB Harlequin Service in 2007. No archaeological features or artefacts were discovered. There is also a 1], London, TW8: low potential for the survival of ancient ground surfaces or cut features.*Natural gravel WA28 ELO11057 Evaluation deposits were observed between 16.30m OD and 19.02m OD* Negative 516358 177871
Harlequin Avenue A watching brief was carried out at BSkyB Harlequin One by Museum of London (No. 1) [BSkyB Archaeology Service in 2008. The only possible archaeological deposit was redeposited Harlequin One], brickearth which did not contain any dating evidence. The area was not developed until London, TW8: the 19th century so the topsoil may relate to any period prior to then.*Natural brickearth WA29 ELO11058 Watching Brief was observed between 12.66m OD and 15.03m OD* Negative 516214 177815
An archaeological evaluation took place at the BSkyB Harlequin 1 site at Harlequin Harlequin Avenue Avenue in Brentford, London. Excavation of 4 evaluation trenches and 19 geotechnical (No 1), [BSKYB trial pits was monitored and recorded. Observations during the ground works revealed no Harlequin 1], evidence archaeological features or artefacts. The evaluation demonstrated that the Brentford, potential for survival of ancient ground surfaces on the site was very low and that there WA30 ELO7579 Evaluation was also little potential for survival of cut features. Negative 516331 177814 A watching brief was undertaken at Grant Way by Museum of London Archaeology Grant Way [BSkyB, between the 17th September and the 15th November 2012. The watching brief was Centaurs Business maintained on 22 ground investigation test pits. No archaeological finds or features were Park], Brentford, observed. Hounslow, TW7: *Natural alluvium, brickearth, gravels and London clays were visible at a height of 0.4m WA31 ELO12895 Watching Brief below ground level* Negative 516206 178022
Listed Buildings within the 1km Study Area
LB no. Desig UID Name Description Grade Easting Northing 2. 1622-3. C18 North wing. 3-storeys and attics. Red brick. 6 windows in stone architraves. Stone cornice between 2nd and 3rd storeys. Stone porch with balustrade like that at Lilford Hall. Northants (1635). Interior has splendid early C17 ceilings, fine C18 wallpaper on upper staircase. Fine carved main staircase.
Drawing room ceiling divided by moulded ribs into oblong and square panels, broken into semi- circular and segmental cuspings, connected by short cross- ribs. Within some of the panels are BOSTON MANOR strap-work cartouches containing emblamatic figures; including the 4 elements designed by the DLO20350/ HOUSE, BOSTON C17 Dutch artist Mare Gheercerts, and engraved by Galle. The house was damaged in the war LB01 1079603. MANOR PARK and was extensively restored prior to its reopening in 1963. Is now occupied by National I 516839 178339 36 WA Project No. 115350.01
Bolder Academy, MacFarlane Lane, Isleworth, Hounslow Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Institute for Housecraft Limited
Simple rectangular building in brown brick. Slate roof. 2-storey main building, with 1-storey additions. Bath stone corbels and gable edging. The meeting house occupies most of the building. 1 flat arched and 5 round-headed windows. 3 tall windows to meeting house. Shutters and shutter hooks. Simple entrance with stone hood on brackets. Double door, 3 panels each side. Single ground floor window with flat arch to left side of entrance. 2 small rud-arched windows over brick dentilled eaves. Rear elevation, has 3 round-headed windows. 2 modern DLO20554/ QUAKER additions to front and rear at left side. Front of building was heavily damaged by enemy action LB02 1240256. MEETING HOUSE and was restored after the war. II* 516349 176881 Sports pavilion. 1935 by Brian L. Sutcliffe FRIBA and H. Colin Farmer FRIBA, architects. Reinforced concrete. Tiered spectator stand beneath a cantilever roof, over the ground floor containing a bar with curved Crittall windows, a central refreshment room with five windows looking over the playing field, and associated amenities. Roof covering (originally of asbestos sheeting) replaced by time of inspection. Offices to rear of first floor. Single storey block to rear contains changing rooms, washing facilities and boiler room. Listed for its structural interest and as an example of a private sports pavilion influenced by the Modern Movement. The DLO20626/ PAVILION AND pavilion was built for the University College School Old Boys Club and opened in September LB03 1271519. CLUBHOUSE 1935. See Parks Golf Courses and Sports Grounds vol. 1 (October 1935), 12-13 II 515888 177808 GALLOWS BRIDGE (OVER BRENTFORD DLO20582/ CANAL), GRAND Probably by Thomas Telford. Single span iron footbridge with yellow brick abutments. Dated LB04 1240575. UNION CANAL 1820 and cast at Horseley Iron Works near Birmingham II 516304 178301
C18. Brown brick. Red tile roof. Parapet. 2 storeys. 3 windows, flush frames, segmental DLO20663/ WYKE GARDENS, arches, glazing bars. Band between storeys. Modern door with rectangular fan. Later additions LB05 1260997. WYKE GREEN to rear. II 515422 178174 ENTRANCE DLO20761/ LODGES TO LB06 1358342. OSTERLEY PARK 2 lodges. Stuccoed. Early C19 II 515302 178123 College. 1866-70 by John Norton and P.E. Massey for the International College, completed and extended, 1890 by J. Osborne Smith for the British and Foreign School Society. Stock brick, polychrome brickwork, stone dressings, slate roofs, metal frame windows, in Venetian Gothic manner. Three storeys and attics, ten symmetrical bays each side of central entrance bay. Asymmetrical left and right wings, attached tower to left. Central rear wing linking to parallel rear blocks of two and three storeys. Central entrance bay set forward. Stone arched entrance under flush red brick outer arch. Quatrefoil vesica, flanking rosettes. Flanking paired foiled lights under glazed rondel. Clustered banded shafts with foliate capitals, hoodmoulds DLO20812/ LANCASTER with dragon stops. Pair of part glazed oak doors under shouldered arch. First and second floor LB07 1379963. HOUSE oriel, inscribed FOUNDED MDCCCLXVI. Shafts at outer angles. First floor four- light mullion II 515548 177060
37 WA Project No. 115350.01
Bolder Academy, MacFarlane Lane, Isleworth, Hounslow Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
and transom window with cusped lights. Second floor paired two- light mullions also with cusped heads, under pair of crocketted hoodmoulds. Waterleaf bands above and below. Pair of two- light mullion and transom cusped lights with polychrome arches under half- hipped slightly splayed mansard roof Church, with attached vicarage and vestries to left, church hall to right. 1933-5 by E C Shearman at the expense of Father Frederick Howard Harding, the first incumbent. Some additional fittings 1958 in his memory. Claygate stock brick with contrasting stone bands externally and Fletton brick internally, slate roofs. Liturgical points used in description, though liturgical east in fact north. Sanctuary set in deep apse and flanked by side chapels separated by paired lancet openings and reached by narrow passage aisles; these last continue as passages to the slightly wider five-bay nave, separated by a simple arcade and transversed by narrow lancets. Chancel arch, no crossing; what appear as stunted transepts on the exterior are contained within the passage aisles and side chapels internally. Stairs at either side of west end lead to small gallery housing organ, over ancillary rooms. The sanctuary ceiling is of fibrous acoustic panels, painted; the nave has an open timber ceiling with arched trusses. The apse is lit by tall lancets in Early English style, but which have recticulated tracery; these later motifs are continued in the fenestration of the nave - where, however, the second and third bays are blind - and the side chapels, whose square 3-light windows are wholly Perpendicular. Circular window in west end. Sanctuary with altar, sedilia, and crucifix (1957-8). Side chapels with wooden altar rails and reredoses, that to the north furnished in memory of Father Harding, 1957-8. The church hall, vestries and vicarage form a single composition with the church, abutting the aisles. The church hall is further linked by an arched brick aisle. Their steep slate CHURCH OF ST roofs harmonise with those over the nave, and contrast with the bulk of the apse. All have FRANCIS OF mullion and transom windows with leaded lights. This powerful composition shows the richness DLO20635/ ASSISI (NUMBER of Gothic design in the 1930s, of which Shearman was one of the best exponents of creating LB08 1260608. 865) monumental spaces out of simple materials. II 515978 177274 FOUR LAMP STANDARDS WITH LANTERNS OUTSIDE THE MAIN ENTRANCE TO THE GILLETTE FACTORY ON THE CORNER OF SYON LANE Ornate Victorian cast iron street lamp originally for gas, now converted, flanking the steps to DLO20466/ (GREAT WEST the main entrance of the Gillette Factory, a much later building, by Bannister Fletcher. Lamps LB09 1067530. ROAD) supported on putti, on stone plinth II 516204 177426
38 WA Project No. 115350.01
Bolder Academy, MacFarlane Lane, Isleworth, Hounslow Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
1937. Bannister Fletcher, Architect. Two storeys and basement with very lofty central tower. Brick. Three-seven-three-seven-three bays. Ends project slightly and have both storeys of iron- framed windows in a recessed panel. Main windows also in two storeys with decorative metal aprons without brickwork. Plain parapet. Further storey set back behind parapet. Central part projects and has itself a projecting centre as base to tower.
Central entrance approached by steps. Tower has plain shaft except for slight pilaster- strips PREMISES OF and small slit windows. Open stage with enlarged classical window surround and balustrade on DLO20624/ GILLETTE UNITED each face; surmounted by shaped top storey with clock face on each. Shorter return fronts LB10 1255219. KINGDOM LIMITED similar to main front. Parts beyond these are not of special interest II 516230 177440 K6 TELEPHONE KIOSK OUTSIDE Telephone kiosk. Type K6. Designed 1935 by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott. Made by Carron DLO20496/ GILLETTE Company . Cast iron. Square kiosk with domed roof. Unperforated crowns to top panels and LB11 1096906. BUILDING margin glazing to windows and door. II 516273 177390 Bank. 1935 by WFC Holden as the Osterley branch of the National Provincial Bank. Brown brick with Portland stone dressings. Flat roof. Single storey. Double-height banking office, bow- fronted to Great West Road, flanked by lower wings, that to left with bow-fronted public entrance on the return. Expressionist style. Bowed facade to road has 3 tall ladder windows with margin glazing separated by columns with brick ribs which continue as moulded features in the stone-coped parapet. Groups of similar full-height ribs form straight angles with blind lower wings, each of which has a rainwater head and drainpipe linking the design to a low stone-coped continuous plinth. On return, bowed entrance with blind wings has central recessed doorway (later C20 doors), flanked by recessed margin glazed ladder windows; approached by bowed and shaped steps. Stone coped parapet and plinth. Blind return of THE NATIONAL double-height office, with ribbed angles, rises behind. Interior fitted out to late C20 DLO20613/ WESTMINSTER requirements but retains timber panelling to walls and piers. The bank was designed to form a LB12 1241144. BANK group with Sir Bannister Fletcher's Gillette Factory. II 516325 177422 1933 by Wallis, Gilbert and Partners. Modernistic. Symmetrical. Rendered on a steel frame. 2 storeys on raised bank. Entrance and vertical window above it are recessed below the continuous shaped parapet, with triple horizontal clasping motifs in the angles beneath the parapet. Each side are long, horizontal, small-pane metal windows, interrupted only by slight pillars, and wrapped round the corners to continue along shorter return fronts. (Parts of the PART OF FORMER building to the rear of these are not of special interest). Tall continuous parapet has raised COTY FACTORY features at corners and quasi-pediment over name-panel in centre. PREMISES 1933 by Wallis, Gilbert and Partners. Modernistic. Symmetrical. Rendered on a steel frame. 2 SITUATED ABOUT storeys on raised bank. Entrance and vertical window above it are recessed below the 50 METRES continuous shaped parapet, with triple horizontal clasping motifs in the angles beneath the SOUTH EAST OF parapet. Each side are long, horizontal, small-pane metal windows, interrupted only by slight THE JUNCTION pillars, and wrapped round the corners to continue along shorter return fronts. (Parts of the DLO20625/ WITH HARLEQUIN building to the rear of these are not of special interest). Tall continuous parapet has raised LB13 1270424. AVENUE features at corners and quasi-pediment over name-panel in centre. II 516460 177410
39 WA Project No. 115350.01
Bolder Academy, MacFarlane Lane, Isleworth, Hounslow Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Central gates, gate piers and railings to the former Firestone Factory. 1928 by Wallis, Gilbert and Partners. Reinforced concrete, cast iron railings and lanterns. The former central pedestrian entrance to the Firestone Factory, comprising a pair of outer piers, two runs of original railings; a pair of gate piers with double gates; two plinths supporting lanterns either side of a flight of shallow steps; and a pair of lower piers at the top of the stairs. The piers are designed in a highly characteristic Jazz Modern idiom: they are pylon-shaped, with staggered keystone motifs to the tops and fluting to the upper friezes. The lantern plinths have similar profiles, but also include central sections with scrolled ornament. The railings are Egyptian in style, with square rails with blunt terminals. The gates are similar in style, with central circular bosses with shields containing the letter 'F', supported on X-motifs. The lanterns behind have square bases, with winged 'F's to each face, set between wings; the tapering standards are circular in section, and reeded; the distinctive lanterns on top have chevron ornament to each face, and gilt ribs to each angle. The other stretches of railings and piers have been compromised by the loss of the original railings and are not included within this list description. HISTORY: this was the central pedestrian entrance to the now-demolished Firestone Factory, CENTRAL GATES, designed by Wallis, Gilbert and Partners in 1928 and celebrated as one of the finest interwar GATE PIERS AND factories; it was demolished in 1980 on the eve of being decreed a listed building. The factory RAILINGS TO THE embodied the industrial expansion of interwar London; the rise of arterial roads with factories FORMER built on them; the development of the automotive industry, following the growth of road DLO20821/ FIRESTONE transport; and the strongly Modernistic architectural flavour that these factories were given. LB14 1389664. FACTORY Wallis, Gilbert were the leading architects of such Jazz Age buildings. . II 516595 177577
By Wallis, Gilbert and Partners. 1928, but altered. Modernistic. Symmetrical and rectilinear. Rendered. Sited on raised bank. Mainly two storeys. Chief feature is central Tower with stepped haunches and abstract moulded features at top. It has recessed panel in face enclosing 3 tiers of 3 narrow windows above entrance framed by geometric decoration (now converted to window), with prominent front steps dividing into sideways flights and having square buttressing. Long wings of horizontal lines with gridwork of 12 large windows (originally DLO20623/ small-framed but altered to large panes); the terminal windows being narrow ones in slightly LB15 1255218. WESTLINK HOUSE advanced sections II 516720 177560
40 WA Project No. 115350.01
Bolder Academy, MacFarlane Lane, Isleworth, Hounslow Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Warehouse, 1935-6 by F E Simpkins for Curry's Ltd as the distributive centre for their chain of shops. Reinforced concrete with some steel frame, especially at rear. Flat roof to long office block at front, 5-bay warehouse to rear has jagged industrial profile with northern roof lights over single storey. The front range is of two, rising to three central storeys, and with an impressive staircase tower as its centrepiece, in a symmetrical 3,6,1,6,3 composition. All windows metal, with strong horizontals, mostly of 4-lights in tripartite fashion but with idiosyncratic arched windows at end. Those to the side of the central tower are curved in the famous moderne manner. The building is entered under the staircase tower on the first floor via a flight of concrete steps that are part of the composition and have concrete balustrades with pylons complete with set-back tops. Double doors have stepped flat concrete surround and flat canopy over. The central tower rises between corner pilasters, with a set back and toothed top and remains of clock. Under it the tripartite staircase window has 19 horizontal lights. Included DLO20637/ 991 Great West as a remarkably complete survival in the style the Great West Road made famous, which has LB16 1260638 Road particular group value with its listed neighbours, the former Pyrene and Coty factories II 516876 177648 GATEWAY ABOUT 100 YARDS SOUTH OF DLO20508/ BOSTON MANOR BOSTON MANOR ROAD, BRENTFORD 4419 Gateway about 100 yds South of Boston Manor LB17 1188767. HOUSE House TQ 1678 17/250B II 517067 178133 C18 house divided into 2 dwellings. Brown brick with red dressings. 2-storeys and attic, 4 double-hung sashes in plain surrounds, cambered relieving arches to ground floor windows. Well-designed porch has been brought from elsewhere. Roman Doric fluted columns and pilasters, entablature with triglyphs and guttae, modillion and ovolo cornice. Machine tile roof DLO20352/ 69 and 71, Boston with modillion eaves cornice and 2 dormers. Interior has been much altered and tenant claims LB18 1079605. Manor Road fabric has been damaged by proximity to road II 517059 178152 C18. Brown brick house. 3-storeys, 5 double-hung sashes with red brick rubbed flat arches, ground floor and 2nd floor windows in architraves, 1st floor windows in reveals. Door surround, DLO20706/ PROSPECT architrave, brackets, dentil cornice, open pediment hood. Raised brick key above 1st floor LB19 1294585. HOUSE window. Parapet. II 517046 178168
GARDEN WALL, 2 SETS OF IRON GATES GATEPOSTS TO DLO20351/ BOSTON MANOR BOSTON MANOR ROAD, BRENTFORD 4419 Garden wall, 2 sets of iron gates and gateposts LB20 1079604. HOUSE to Boston Manor House TQ 1678 17/250D II 516896 178336
STABLES OF DLO20768/ BOSTON MANOR LB21 1358662. HOUSE Coach stable block to right of house - red brick. Included for group value II 516833 178390
41 WA Project No. 115350.01
Bolder Academy, MacFarlane Lane, Isleworth, Hounslow Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment
Piccadilly Line Underground station. 1933-34 by Charles Holden, with earlier fabric at platform level dating from 1883. Brown brick facing, reinforced concrete structure. Glazed ceramic tiles with enamelled London Underground logo on tower; vertical strip of glass bricks forming BOSTON MANOR lighting feature along upper stages of tower. EXTERIOR: Single storey structure on girders DLO20314/ UNDERGROUND over railway bridge: booking hall to right, lit with clerestory; projecting shop unit to left with LB22 1063901 STATION curved picture window. Flat roofs of concrete now with safety rails to edge (added recently). II 516389 178754
42 WA Project No. 115350.01
515000 516000 517000
Osterley Park Area WA04 179000
WA21
WA25
Coldhawe Manor (Northern Recreation Ground) Little Ealing
London Borough of Hounslow
Site WA26 Study Area (1 km) WA13 Archaeological Priority Area WA05 Archaeological Records WA18 (! Palaeolithic WA02 (! Neolithic
WA08 WA23 (! Bronze Age
(! Prehistoric WA31 WA07 WA03 (! 178000 Romano-British WA19 WA12 (! WA27 Medieval WA01 (! Post-medieval
WA15 (! 19th century WA29 WA28 (! 19th-20th century WA24 (! WA30 Multi-period (! Unknown WA11 WA16 Post-medieval WA10 WA06 WA17 19th century
Modern WA09 WA14 Multi-period
Negative WA22 WA20 Registered Park and Garden
Grade II*
This material is for client report only © Wessex Archaeology. No unauthorised reproduction.
Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2016.
Date: 03/01/2017 177000 Revision Number: 0 Scale: 1:10,000 at A3
Illustrator: MK/JC 0 1 km Path: R:\PROJECTS\115350\GIS\ FigsMXD\BolderAcademy_Fig1.mxd
The Site, Study Area and Archaeological Records (based on the GLHER and other sources) Figure 1 515000 516000 517000
Site
179000 Study Area (1 km)
Conservation Area
Listed Buildings
#* Grade I LB22 #* Grade II*
#* Grade II
Registered Park and Garden
Grade II*
LB21 LB20 LB01 LB04 WA18
LB05 LB19 LB18 LB06 LB17
178000
LB03
LB16
LB14 LB15
LB09 LB10 LB12 LB13 LB11
LB08
This material is for client report only © Wessex Archaeology. No unauthorised reproduction.
Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and LB07 database right 2016.
Date: 03/01/2017 177000 Revision Number: 0
LB02 Scale: 1:10,000 at A3 Illustrator: MK/JC 0 1 km Path: R:\PROJECTS\115350\GIS\ FigsMXD\BolderAcademy_Fig2.mxd
The Site and Designated Heritage Assets within the 1km Study Area (based on the GLHER, NHLE and other sources) Figure 2 HOUNSLOW LIBRARY LOCAL COLLECTION HOUNSLOW LIBRARY LOCAL COLLECTION
HOUNSLOW LIBRARY LOCAL COLLECTION HOUNSLOW LIBRARY LOCAL COLLECTION HOUNSLOW LIBRARY LOCAL COLLECTION
A) 1865 First Edition Ordnance Survey Map B) 1894-96 Second Edition Ordnance Survey Map
C) 1915 Third Edition Ordnance Survey Map D) 1935 Edition Ordnance Survey Map
Reproduced from the (1865, 1894-96, 1915 & 1935) Ordnance Survey (25" Middlesex County Series Sheet 20.4) map with the permission Date: 03/01/2017 Revision Number: 0 of the controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Office © Crown Copyright, Wessex Archaeology, Portway House, 0 250 m Old Sarum Park, Salisbury, Wiltshire, SP4 6EB. Licence Number: 100028190. Scale: 1:5,000 at A3 Illustrator: MK/JC Site Maps reproduced courtesy of Hounslow Local Studies Library. This material is for client report only © Wessex Archaeology. No unauthorised reproduction. Path: R:\PROJECTS\115350\GIS\FigsMXD\BolderAcademy_Fig4.mxd
Historic Mapping 1865-1935 Figure 4 Plate 1: View looking north across the Site from the northern side of the club house
Plate 2: View looking towards the north east of pitch 1 showing the change in level
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Plates 1 & 2 Plate 3: View showing the change in level between pitch 1 (right/south) and pitch 2 (left/north) to the north
Plate 4: View looking south east of the Site
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Plates 3 & 4 Plate 5: View looking south of the Site across pitch 1
Plate 6: View looking north east from the north eastern site boundary
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Plates 5 & 6 Plate 7: View of the club house from the western part of the Site
Plate 8: View looking towards Pavilion and Club House (LB03) from the western part of the Site
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Plates 7 & 8 Plate 9: View looking towards Pavilion and Club House (LB03) from the western part of the Site
Plate 10: View looking towards the Pavilion and Club House (LB03) from the netball courts in the south western part of the Site
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Plates 9 & 10 Plate 11: View looking towards the Gillette Factory Clock Tower (LB10) from the north eastern part of the Site
Plate 12: View looking towards the Gillette Factory Clock Tower (LB10) from the south western part of the Site
This material is for client report only © Wessex Archaeology. No unauthorised reproduction.
Date: 23/12/2016 Revision Number: 0
Scale: N/A Illustrator: JC
Path: R:\PROJECTS\115350\Graphics_Office\Rep figs\DBA\2016_12_23\115350_Plates.cdr
Plates 11 & 12 wessex archaeology
Wessex Archaeology Ltd registered office Portway House, Old Sarum Park, Salisbury, Wiltshire SP4 6EB Tel: 01722 326867 Fax: 01722 337562 [email protected] www.wessexarch.co.uk FS 606559
Wessex Archaeology Ltd is a company limited by guarantee registered in England, No. 1712772 and is a Registered Charity in England and Wales, No. 287786; and in Scotland, Scottish Charity No. SC042630. Registered Office: Portway House, Old Sarum Park, Salisbury, Wilts SP4 6EB.