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Student Movements: 1968, 1981 and 1997 the Impact Of
Student Movements: 1968, 1981 and 1997 The impact of students in mobilizing society to chant for the Republic of Kosovo Atdhe Hetemi Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of East European Languages and Cultures Supervisor Prof. dr. Rozita Dimova Department of East European Languages and Cultures Dean Prof. dr. Gita Deneckere Rector Prof. dr. Rik Van de Walle October 2019 i English Summary This dissertation examines the motives and central visions of three student demonstrations, each taking place within different historical and political contexts and each organized by a different generation of Kosovo Albanian students. The years 1968, 1981 and 1997 witnessed a proliferation of student mobilizations as collective responses demanding more national rights for Albanians in Kosovo. I argue that the students' main vision in all three movements was the political independence of Kosovo. Given the complexity of the students' goal, my analysis focuses on the influence and reactions of domestic and foreign powers vis-à-vis the University of Prishtina (hereafter UP), the students and their movements. Fueled by their desire for freedom from Serbian hegemony, the students played a central role in "preserving" and passing from one generation to the next the vision of "Republic" status for Kosovo. Kosova Republikë or the Republic of Kosovo (hereafter RK) status was a demand of all three student demonstrations, but the students' impact on state creation has generally been underestimated by politicians and public figures. Thus, the primary purpose of this study is to unearth the various and hitherto unknown or hidden roles of higher education – then the UP – and its students in shaping Kosovo's recent history. -
Albanian Media and the Specifics of the Local Market
Studies in Communication Sciences 12 (2012) 49–52 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Studies in Communication Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/scoms General section Albanian media and the specifics of the local market Mark Marku 1 Department of Journalism and Communication, University of Tirana, Albania article info abstract Keywords: After the fall of communism in 1991, Albanian media rode a wave of privatization, bringing with it a load Albanian media of new market entrants and a high level of disorder. As the media market began to grow and private Media diversity outlets captured larger audiences, holes appeared in Albanian media legislation, making it difficult to Media competition enforce fiscal transparency and competition amongst participants. Privatized media As a result of their market advantage, large private media companies are now outspending smaller competitors in order to boost innovation and technology. As media companies continue to grow in all major forms of Albanian media, large stations exploit the lack of government oversight to increase their advantage in advertising, programming, and technological innovation. By implementing legislation designed to stabilize growth, the diversity of Albanian media outlets will increase along with widespread advancements to technology and infrastructure. © 2012 Swiss Association of Communication and Media Research. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. Changes to the political system in Albania are associated with the Albanian-speaking media scene. According to statistics from the the evolution and radical transformation of the media field. The National Council of Radio and Television KKRT (KKRT 2011, p. 34) establishment of both political pluralism and a market economy in in Albania today, four national television stations are in operation, 1991 brought with it the collapse of the state’s monopoly over the 65 local stations, 33 cable television stations, three national and 47 Albanian media market. -
Punime Të Kuvendit Legjislatura E 16-Të Viti 2003, Nr.6 Përgatiti Për Botim Drejtoria E Shërbimit Të Botimeve Parlamentare PUNIME TË KUVENDIT Seancat Plenare
Punime të Kuvendit Legjislatura e 16-të Viti 2003, nr.6 Përgatiti për botim Drejtoria e Shërbimit të Botimeve Parlamentare PUNIME TË KUVENDIT Seancat plenare Viti 2003 6 Tiranë, 2009 REPUBLIKA E SHQIPËRISË Punime të Kuvendit Seancat plenare LEGJISLATURA E 16-të Sesioni i katërt E hënë, 01.09.2003 Drejton seancën Kryetari i Kuvendit, Seanca e pasdites, ora 18:00 zoti Servet Pëllumbi Servet Pëllumbi – Zotërinj deputetë, ju lutem emrin tuaj deputetët organizatorë dhe të uroj që zini vend në sallë! veprimtari të tilla me rezonancë të gjerë miqësie Të nderuar deputetë, është kënaqësi për mua, rajonale e ndërkombëtare të organizohen edhe në me rastin e fillimit të punimeve të sesionit të pestë të ardhmen. të legjislaturës së 16-të të Kuvendit të Shqipërisë, Në sesionin e mëparshëm, nga janari deri në t’ju uroj punë të mbarë dhe të shpreh bindjen se korrik, kemi bërë një punë intensive. Më shumë se fryma e parlamentarizmit, përkushtimit, 150 ligje e vendime të miratuara, më shumë se 50 konstruktivitetit dhe bashkëpunimit midis grupeve interpelanca dhe seanca pyetjesh të zhvilluara. Kjo parlamentare do të vazhdojë të karakterizojë punën përvojë është bazë e shëndoshë për të përballuar e Kuvendit tonë. Këtë na e mundëson puna e bërë detyrat e reja që qëndrojnë përpara Kuvendit. Në gjatë sesionit të kaluar dhe përvoja e fituar tashmë paketën e projektligjeve që kemi përpara do të veçoja në drejtim të vlerësimit të tribunës parlamentare, të si më problematik që do të kërkojnë angazhimin përgjegjësisë, seriozitetit, kompromisit politik dhe tonë serioz, veçanërisht për ligjet “Për kthimin dhe moderacionit të treguar. -
Auditimi Publik
,661 1U 7LUDQs 6HULDERWLPH./6+ KONTROLLI I LARTË I SHTETIT Experentia mutua omnibus prodest AUDITIMI PUBLIK REVISTË KATËRMUJORE kërkimore-shkencore-informative shqip -anglisht Nr. 8/2014, Tiranë ISSN 2308-6106 Viti i III-të i botimit 2014 Maj-Gusht 2014 Seria : botime KLSH - 08/2014/29 Titulli: AUDITIMI PUBLIK NR.8 Redaktore : Irena Islami Art Design: Kozma Kondakçiu Seria : botime KLSH - 08/2014/29 ^ŚƚLJƉƵƌŶģ^ŚƚLJƉƐŚŬƌŽŶũģŶ͟DŝƌŐĞĞƌĂůď͟ Tiranë 2014 ALBANIAN SUPREME AUDIT INSTITUTION - ALSAI Experentia mutua omnibus prodest PUBLIC AUDIT EVERY FOUR MONTHS MAGAZINE of reseach, science and information in Albanian and in English No. 8/2014, Tirana ISSN 2308-6106 May-August 2014 Series:Publications ALSAI - 08/2014/29 BORDI SHKENCOR Dr. Bujar Leskaj, Kryetar i KLSH Kryetar Prof. Dr. Omer Stringa Profesor, Fakulteti i Ekonomisë (UT) (Kryeredaktor) Anëtar Prof. Dr. Jorgji Bollano, Kryetar i Këshillit Kombëtar të Kontabilistëve Anëtar Prof.Dr. Skënder Osmani, Fakulteti i Gjeologjisë dhe Minierave Anëtar Prof. Dr. Ardian Nuni, Anëtar i Gjykatës së Lartë Anëtar Prof. Dr. Sotiraq Dhamo, Përgjegjës i Departamentit të Kontabilitetit FE (UT) Anëtar Prof. Dr. Aurela Anastasi, Akademik, Fakulteti i Drejtësisë (UT) Anëtar Prof. Dr. Argita Berisha, Profesor, Fakulteti i Drejtësisë (UT) Anëtar Prof. Dr. Lindita Lati, Kryetare e Autoritetit të Konkurrencës Anëtar Prof. Dr. Heinz-Dieter Wenzel, Profesor, Universiteti i Bambergut, Gjermani Anëtar Dr. Igor Sholtes, ish-President i Gjykatës së Auditimit të Sllovenisë Anëtar Prof. Dr. Iraj Hashi, Universiteti Staffordshire në Britaninë e Madhe Anëtar Prof. Dr. Tonin Kola, Profesor, Fakulteti i Ekonomisë (UT) Anëtar Prof. As. Dr. Sazan Guri, Instituti ͞'Θ''ƌŽƵƉ͟ Anëtar Prof.As. Dr. Manjola Naço, Drejtore Departamenti, KLSH Anëtar Prof.As.Dr. -
Cover Page – Title
ALBANIA: STATE OF THE NATION 2003 11 March 2003 Balkans Report N°140 Tirana/Brussels TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS................................................. i I. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 2 II. POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS ................................................................................. 2 A. MEDIA ................................................................................................................................3 B. THE KLOSI AFFAIR ...............................................................................................................4 C. THE RETURN OF LEKA ZOG...................................................................................................4 III. THE ECONOMY............................................................................................................ 5 IV. SOCIAL ISSUES ............................................................................................................ 7 A. CRIME AND CORRUPTION......................................................................................................7 B. DECENTRALISATION .............................................................................................................7 C. THE MUSLIM COMMUNITY....................................................................................................8 D. ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS................................................................................................8 -
Barra E Vrame
Viktor Gjikolaj BarraEtnotregime e vrame Tirane 2019 Ermal Lala Autori: Viktor Gjikolaj Titulli i librit: Barra e vrame Botues: Mark Simoni Redaktor: Luan M. Rama Kujdesi grafik: Leandro Xhafa Korrektor: Preng Gj. Gjomarkaj Mundësuan botimin; Kthella Sh.p.k, me president z.Pjetër Nikolli & Kostandin Gjikolaj Të gjitha të drejtat janë të autorit Adresa: Shtëpia botuese “Muzgu”, Lagja “Komuna e Parisit” , Rruga “Osman Myderizi” , T iranë, Albania Mobile phone: +355 (0) 68 21 47 538; ` +355 42 320 004; e-mail: [email protected]; Ky botim u hodh në qarkullim në djetor 2019 2 Kolana e autorëve bashkëkohorë shqipëtarë Viktor Gjikolaj VIKTOR GJIKOLAJ, ETNOTREGIMTAR Nuk është e papritur dhe as befasuese ardhja e Viktor Gjikolës me një përmasë tjetër të krijimtarisë së tij, e njohur më së shumti deri më tash e nga shumëkush prej poezisë. Kush e njeh Viktorin dhe krijimtarinë e tij e raportet që ajo ka me njeriun, me vendlindjen, atdheun, por edhe me traditën, me historinë, mitet, legjendat, doket, zakonet, ritet e gojëdhënat, nuk e ka të vështirë të gjejë në të jo vetëm qëmtuesin e vëmendshëm dhe pasionant ndaj etnokulturë, por edhe bartësin e lëvruesin në një mënyrë krejt të veten të elementëve të saj. Duke u kthyer në kohë gati katër dekada më pas e duke bërë një analizë jo thjeshtë të krijimtarisë, por të të gjithë korpusit të sjelljes e qëndrimit, të gjykimit, mendimeve, vlerësimit e deduksioneve prej krijuesi të Viktor Gjikolës, që jo rastësisht veprën e Kadaresë “Autobiografi e popullit në vargje” e ka një prej librave që ai nuk e -
Albania by Blendi Kajsiu Capital: Tirana Population: 2.876 Million GNI/Capita, PPP: $11,880
Albania by Blendi Kajsiu Capital: Tirana Population: 2.876 million GNI/capita, PPP: $11,880 Source: World Bank World Development Indicators. Nations in Transit Ratings and Averaged Scores NIT Edition 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 National Democratic Governance 4.25 4.50 4.75 4.75 5.00 4.75 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50 Electoral Process 3.75 3.75 4.00 4.25 4.25 4.00 4.00 3.75 3.75 3.50 Civil Society 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 Independent Media 3.75 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.25 4.25 4.25 Local Democratic Governance 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.25 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.50 Judicial Framework and Independence 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75 4.75 Corruption 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.25 5.25 5.25 5.25 5.25 5.25 Democracy Score 3.82 3.93 4.04 4.14 4.25 4.18 4.14 4.14 4.14 4.11 NOTE: The ratings reflect the consensus of Freedom House, its academic advisers, and the author(s) of this report. The opinions expressed in this report are those of the author(s). The ratings are based on a scale of 1 to 7, with 1 representing the highest level of democratic progress and 7 the lowest. -
The Struggle for Democratic Environmental Governance Around
The struggle for democratic environmental governance around energy projects in post-communist countries: the role of civil society groups and multilateral development banks by Alda Kokallaj A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2014 Alda Kokallaj Abstract This dissertation focuses on the struggle for democratic environmental governance around energy projects in post-communist countries. What do conflicts over environmental implications of these projects and inclusiveness reveal about the prospects for democratic environmental governance in this region? This work is centred on two case studies, the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline and the Vlora Industrial and Energy Park. These are large energy projects supported by the governments of Azerbaijan, Georgia and Albania, and by powerful international players such as oil businesses, multilateral development banks (MDBs), the European Union and the United States. Analysis of these cases is based on interviews with representatives of these actors and civil society groups, narratives by investigative journalists, as well as the relevant academic literature. I argue that the environmental governance of energy projects in the post-communist context is conditioned by the interplay of actors with divergent visions about what constitutes progressive development. Those actors initiating energy projects are shown to generally have the upper hand in defining environmental governance outcomes which align with their material interests. However, the cases also reveal that the interaction between civil society and MDBs creates opportunities for society at large, and for non-government organizations who seek to represent them, to have a greater say in governance outcomes – even to the point of stopping some elements of proposed projects. -
English and INTRODACTION
CHANGES AND CONTINUITY IN EVERYDAY LIFE IN ALBANIA, BULGARIA AND MACEDONIA 1945-2000 UNDERSTANDING A SHARED PAST LEARNING FOR THE FUTURE 1 This Teacher Resource Book has been published in the framework of the Stability Pact for South East Europe CONTENTS with financial support from the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It is available in Albanian, Bulgarian, English and INTRODACTION..............................................3 Macedonian language. POLITICAL LIFE...........................................17 CONSTITUTION.....................................................20 Title: Changes and Continuity in everyday life in Albania, ELECTIONS...........................................................39 Bulgaria and Macedonia POLITICAL PERSONS..............................................50 HUMAN RIGHTS....................................................65 Author’s team: Terms.................................................................91 ALBANIA: Chronology........................................................92 Adrian Papajani, Fatmiroshe Xhemali (coordinators), Agron Nishku, Bedri Kola, Liljana Guga, Marie Brozi. Biographies........................................................96 BULGARIA: Bibliography.......................................................98 Rumyana Kusheva, Milena Platnikova (coordinators), Teaching approches..........................................101 Bistra Stoimenova, Tatyana Tzvetkova,Violeta Stoycheva. ECONOMIC LIFE........................................103 MACEDONIA: CHANGES IN PROPERTY.......................................104 -
Republika E Shqipërisë Zgjedhjet Për Kuvendin 2005
Zyra për Institucione Demokratike dhe të Drejtat e Njeriut REPUBLIKA E SHQIPËRISË ZGJEDHJET PËR KUVENDIN 2005 OSBE/ODIHR RAPORTI I MISIONIT TË VLERËSIMIT TË NEVOJAVE 12 - 16 prill 2005 Varshavë 29 prill 2005 PËRMBAJTJA I. HYRJE...................................................................................................................1 II. PËRMBLEDHJE..................................................................................................1 III. KONSTATIME.....................................................................................................3 A. SFONDI POLITIK ..............................................................................................3 B. SISTEMI ZGJEDHOR DHE ZBATIMI I PARASHIKUAR ....................................5 C. KUADRI LIGJOR DHE REFORMA ZGJEDHORE ..................................................7 D. ADMINISTRATA ZGJEDHORE.............................................................................8 E. MEDIA ..............................................................................................................11 F. PJESËMARRJA E GRAVE ..................................................................................11 G. VËZHGUESIT NDËRKOMBËTARË DHE VENDAS...............................................12 IV. PËRFUNDIME DHE REKOMANDIME....................................................12 SHTOJCË 1. Programi i Takimeve SHTOJCË 2. Sistemi zgjedhor dhe Strategjitë Partiake REPUBLIKA E SHQIPËRISË ZGJEDHJET PËR KUVENDIN 2005 Raporti i Misonit të Vlerësimit të Nevojave i OSBE/ODIHR-it -
̱ Ͷͷ ̱ Logos, Ethos and Pathos in Albanian Political Discourse
ISSN 2239-978X Journal of Educational and Social Research Vol. 4 No.4 ISSN 2240-0524 MCSER Publishing, Rome-Italy June 2014 Logos, Ethos and Pathos in Albanian Political Discourse Ardita Dylgjeri, Phd Candidate “Aleksander Xhuvani” University, Elbasan, Albania Email address: [email protected] Doi:10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n4p55 Abstract Over 2,000 years ago the Greek philosopher Aristotle argued that there were three basic ways to persuade an audience of your position: Logos, Ethos, and Pathos. Even though several new attempts and studies have merged within the field of discourse analysis, the Triad persuading approach is still considered and examined as a crucial and inevitable component of political reasoning. By examining several pre-election political discourses in Albania, we will try to highlight the linguistic means, which are used by each politician to present the three dimensions of the argumentative persuasion – Logos, Ethos, and Pathos. In addition, we aim at comparing the ways that different political leaders build rationale and logical discourses; how they present their own personality; what methods they appeal to impact electorate emotionally. Keywords: Logos, Ethos, Pathos, political discourse, argumentation. 1. Introduction Rhetoric may be defined as the faculty of observing in any given case the available means of persuasion. (Aristotle) Every time we use language (in speech or in writing), we engage in a rhetorical act. Whenever we use language, we have an intention: a message to communicate or a goal to achieve. In fact, a useful modern definition of rhetoric is simply the intentional use of language to influence an audience. It is obvious that rhetoric serves as the backbone of the political discourse. -
Baseline Assessment Report of the Lake Ohrid Region – Albania Annex
TOWARDS STRENGTHENED GOVERNANCE OF THE SHARED TRANSBOUNDARY NATURAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE LAKE OHRID REGION Baseline Assessment report of the Lake Ohrid region – Albania (available online at http://whc.unesco.org/en/lake-ohrid-region) Annex XXIII Bibliography on cultural values and heritage, agriculture and tourism aspects of the Lake Ohrid region prepared by Luisa de Marco, Maxim Makartsev and Claudia Spinello on behalf of ICOMOS. January 2016 BIBLIOGRAPHY1 2015 The present bibliography focusses mainly on the cultural values and heritage, agriculture and tourism aspects of the Lake Ohrid region (LOR). It should be read in conjunction to the Baseline Assessment report prepared in a joint collaboration between ICOMOS and IUCN (available online at http://whc.unesco.org/en/lake-ohrid-region) The bibliography includes all the relevant titles from the digital catalogue of the Albanian National Library for the geographic terms connected to LOR. The bibliography includes all the relevant titles from the systematic catalogue since 1989 to date, for the categories 9-908; 91-913 (4/9) (902. Archeology; 903. Prehistory. Prehistoric remains, antiquities. 904. Cultural remains of the historic times. 908. Regional studies. Studies of a place. 91. Geography. The exploration of the land and of specific places. Travels. Regional geography). It also includes the relevant titles found on www.scholar.google.com with summaries if they are provided or if the text is available. Three bibliographies for archaeology and ancient history of Albania were used: Bep Jubani’s (1945-1971); Faik Drini’s (1972-1983); V. Treska’s (1995-2000). A bibliography for the years 1984-1994 (authors: M.Korkuti, Z.