FGM_20_ENG_WEB.indd 1 25/11/20 11:51 AM Index:
Executive summary 1
Country Profile 2
1. Marine finfish farming in Greece 3 Spatial distribution of farms and labor 4
2. Volume and value of main species produced 5 Organic Sea Bream and Sea Bass 6 Other marine species 6
3. Economics of Sea Bass and Sea Bream farming 7 Feed Market 7 Production of Juveniles 8
4. Main markets and trade of Sea Bass and Sea Bream 9
5. Environmental and social sustainability 10
5. Growth vision 2030 13
6. Bibliography 13
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FGM_20_ENG_WEB.indd 2 25/11/20 11:51 AM Aquaculture in Greece 2020
In brief
The Federation of Greek Maricultures (FGM) is one the largest Associations of sea bass and sea bream farmers globally. It was founded in 1989 and currently represents nearly 80% of Greece’s production and 74% of the industry’s employees. The purpose of this document is to give stakeholders a better insight into the sea bream and sea bass farming industry.
Executive Summary - State of aquaculture in Greece • In 2019 total aquaculture production reached 149,975 tons with a value of 564.6 million euros, which is 2% more in terms of volume and 5% more in terms of value compared to the previous year.
• Finfish and mussels are the main groups of species produced. Fish farming (marine and fresh water) holds a dominant position of 85% in volume and 98% in value, followed by mussels with 15% and 2% respectively.
• Fish farming (marine and fresh water) reached 127,055 tons in 2019 with an estimated value at first sale of 553.4 million euro (1% more in volume but 14.5% more in value compared to the previous year).
• Shellfish production reached 22,020 in 2019 with an estimated value of 7.7 million euros (10% more in terms of volume and 1.5% more in terms of value).
• In 2019 the production of sea bream and sea bass reached 120,500 tons, 3% more compared to the previous year.
• In 2019 exports of bass and bream are estimated at 88,651 tons, of which 95% are marketed in the EU countries and 5% in third countries.
• In 2019 Greece supplied 59% of the sea bream and sea bass sold in the EU and 22.2% sold worldwide.
• In 2020 sea bream and sea bass production is expected to reach 117,000 tons, which is 2.9% less than the previous year.
Clarifications - Methodology
• The most recent and complete statistics on aquaculture at international and European level are from 2018 and mainly provided by the FAO, EUMOFA and the JRC.
• The most recent and complete statistical data on Mediterranean fish farming (sea bream and sea bass) are from 2019 and provided by the FEAP, FGM and Kontali.
• 2020 estimates are from FEAP, FGM and Kontali.
• Provisional statistical data used in this publication will be updated in upcoming editions and differences may arise.
• Production of export value denotes the value at the first sale by the producer and not the final price paid by the consumer.
• The value of aquaculture production at the international level is provided by FAO in US dollars and the average annual exchange rate for 2015, $1.0 = € 0.80 (rounded) has been used for conversion.
Rights to use the material in this report The purpose of this report is to disseminate the information contained therein. Therefore, the use of text, graphics and tables from others is allowed as long as the source is referred, i.e. FGM.
Annual Report 1
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Country Profile
• Almost 63% of seafood harvested in Greece comes from 200 aquaculture with the remaining 37% from wild catches. 160 • Total seafood harvested from aquaculture amounted 120 149,975 tons, with an estimated first-sale value of 564.6 million euros (+2% in volume and +5% in value over the 80
last year). 40 • Per capita seafood consumption is 19 kg/person. 0 • Greece ranks 2th in volume and in value among the EU-
28 in fish farming (following the UK). 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2018 Wild catches Aquaculture source: FAO, Minagric, FGM
Main groups of species produced
• Mariculture is the main aquaculture activity where finfish 2%1% 15% and shellfish are the main group of species produced. • Fish farming represents 85% in terms of volume and 98% volume value in terms of value of the total aquaculture production while mussel production stands for 15% and 2% respectively. 85% 98%99% • Marine fish farming (mainly sea bass and sea bream) holds a dominant position accounting almost for Finfish Mussels 85% of the volume and 97.2% of the value of the total aquaculture production in Greece. source: Minagric, FGM
Marine fish farming - 2019
Mediterraneanfish farming 124,800T of production 3% of farmed marine fish 22.2% of global supply 460 million meals annually 41% delivered in over 42 countries Food Social 56% Supply Cohesion 63 companies in the Ionian & Aegean Sea 12,000 employees
Sea Bream Economic Sea Bass Contribution €0.55 bn production value €0.44 bn exports value Other source: FGM Rank 1st in animal food exports
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1. Marine finfish farming in Greece
Supply of Sea Bass & Sea Bream Mediterranean fish farming remains since 1981 the main aquaculture activity EU-28 in the country. Nowadays there are 302 farms operating all over Greece most of which are family-owned and SMEs. The production ranges between 2% 110,000 - 120,000 tons per year, contributing to the social and economic 4% 1% 6% development of local communities and the supply of food of high nutritional 8% value with a low environmental footprint. In 2019 the total production of sea bass and sea bream increased by 3% compared to the previous year reaching 120,500 tons. Greek production represents 59% of the Sea Bass and 20% 59% Sea Bream farmed in the EU-28 and 22.2% globaly.
The major milestones of the Greece France industry for 2019 were the Spain Cyprus progress achieved concerning Italy Portugal the restructuring of the sector Croatia and the strong investment interest, the high extroversion source: FEAP, FGM rate, the development of the brand “Fish from Greece” and the increasing competition with third Countries. More Supply of Sea Bass & Sea Bream specifically and regarding the restructuring progress of the sector, the Global process of merging and consolidating the largest companies in the industry went further as the remedies set by the competent European authorities 1% 2% were met. The last phase of the acquisition agreement will be completed in 2% 21% 2021. When it comes to the second milestone and the market conditions, the export volume increased by 4%, confirming the strategy of Greek 42% companies to increase production and expand to new markets. In 2019 the 3% Hellenic Aquaculture Producers Organization (ELOPY) developed a brand for 7% aquaculture products originating from Greece, “Fish from Greece”. 22%
Finally, 2019 was also marked by relatively slow progress concerning the Turkey Others ongoing administrative reforms affecting the operation of the aquaculture Greece Croatia companies and the growing competition with third countries. Spain Cyprus Italy France
source: FAO, FGM
Annual Report 3
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Spatial distribution of farms and labor
In total there are 1007 aquaculture operators, where 84% of them are established in marine waters (822 fish and selfish farms), 9% are in fresh and brackish waters and 7% in lagoons. In the above analysis the hatcheries are not included. Marine fish farmers operate 302 farms and regarding the spatial distribution of their farms, 77% of them are located in three decentralized Administrations accounting for 82% of the production. These are the Decentralized Administrations of: 1. Peloponnese, Western Greece and the Ionian Islands, 2. Thessaly and Central Greece, 3. the Aegean
At regional level, out of the 13 regional e entr li e u er rine re ro e ini tr tion of f r tonn e units countrywide, the industry re operates farms in 11 of them (Evia, Αegean 51 1,099 16.60 % Dodecanese, Etoloakarnania, Kefalonia, Attica 24 517 6.18 % Fthiotida, Thesprotia, Attica, Argolis, Epirus & West Macedonia 38 667 8.60 % Corinth, Chios and Preveza), with an Thessaly & Central Greece 72 2,121 32.40 % average of less than 10 licensed farms Crete 2 50 0.223 % per unit in the remaining coastal areas. Macedonia - Thrace 6 125 3.00 % Peloponnese - West Greece & Ionian 109 2,791 33.00 % Totals 302 7,370 100.00 %
source: FGM, Minagric
In terms of employment in aquaculture, Greece has one of the highest shares in the E.U. The industry employs directly almost 4,000 people and indirectly about 12,000 workers and scientific, technical and managerial personnel. Most importantly, these jobs are created in remoted coastal areas contributing significantly to the economic and social development of local communities. Marine aquaculture (fish and mussels) accounts for 83% of the employment in the sector, brackish water 10% and inland aquaculture 7%. With regard to marine fish farming, the industry creates significant number of jobs in ten out of the thirteen Regions of Greece.
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2. Volume and value of main species produced
In 2019 the production of Sea bream and Sea bass amounted Main species produced 120,500 tons (65,300 tons of sea bream and 55,200 tons of sea bass), up 3% compared to the previous year. Sea bream stands for 54% of the production volume and Sea bass for 46%. The increase in production was accompanied by a marginal decrease of 1% in sales value due to the reduced price for both species. 46% 54% In 2020 it is estimated that the production of the two species will decrease by 2.9% to 117,000 tons.
Sea Bream Sea Bass source: FGM
Harvest of Sea Bream & Sea Bass 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000
tons 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020E
Sea Bream Sea Bass Total source: FGM
Average annual price development
6 Prices in 2019 for sea bream and sea bass decreased compared to 2018. 4 The average price of sea bream was 4.5€/kg, a 0.4% decrease while for sea bass, the average price was euro/Kg 2 4.5€/kg, an 8.4% decrease.
0 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019