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World Bank Document Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. 442la-TUN Public Disclosure Authorized TUNISIA SFAX FLOOD PROTECTION PROJECT STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT April 27, 1983 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Water Supply and Sewerage Division Europe, Middle East and North Africa Region This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (As of February 1983) Currency Unit = Tunisian Dinar (TD) 1,000 Millimes TD 1 = US$ 1.587 US$ 1 TD 0.630 ABBREVIATIONS 3 ft = foot m /s = cubic meters per second 3 lpcd = liters per capita per day Mm = million of cubic meters m = meter mm = millimeter s = second cm = centimeter g/i gram per liter MEASURES AND EQUIVALENTS Metric System US System Kilometer (km) 0.62 mile (mi) Hectare (ha) = 2.47 acres (a) Meter (m) = 39.37 inches (in) Cubic meter (m3) = 264 US gallons (gal) 3 Million cubic meters/year (Mm /year) = 0.72 million US gallons per day (mgd) Liter (1) = 0.264 US gallon (gal) Liters per second (I/s) = 22,800 US gallons per day (gd) GLOSSARY OF ACRONYMS ADB = African Development Bank BIRH Bureau de l'Inventaire des Recherches Hydrauliques DAT = Direction de l'Aménagement du Territoire DHU Direction de l'Hydraulique Urbaine DRES = Direction des Ressources en Eau et en Sol EEC EEuropean Economic Community # IBRD = International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ME = Ministry of Equipment NIS = National Institute of Statistics ONAS = Office National de l'Assainissement SONEDE = Société Nationale d'Exploitation et de Distribution des Eaux USAID = United States Agency for International Development FISCAL YEAR January i - December 31 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY TUNI SIA SFAX FLOOD PROTECTION PROJECT STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT Table of Contents Page No. I. FLOOD PROTECTION AND STORM DRAINAGE ......................... 1 General...................................................... 1 Sector Organization .......................................... 1 Bank Involvement in the Sector ................................ 2 II. PROJECT AREA ....................................... 4 General. 4 Physical Settings. 4 Rainfall. 5 Population and Hsousing. 5 Flood Characteristics in Sfax Area . 6 Existing Flood Protection .................................... 6 Land Occupation.............................................. 7 Insurance.................................................... 7 III. THE 1982 FLOOD ............................................... 8 Physical Characteristics ..................................... 8 Damages and Damage Estimates ................................. 8 Flood Relief Assistance ...................................... 8 IV. THE PROJECT .................................................. 10 Genesis ..................................................... 10 Objectives ................................................... 10 Description .................................................. 10 Engineering .................................................. il Cost Estimate ................................................ il Project Financing ............................................ 13 Implementation............................................... 13 Maintenance .................................................. 14 Procurement .................................................. 14 Disbursements ............... ,.,.......... 15 Advance Contracting and Retroactive Financing .16 Accounting and Auditing Procedures.17 This report was prepared and written by Messrs. Johan Van Beuzekom, Michel Pommier, Xavier Legrain and Carl Cook (Consultant). This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization. Table of Contents (Contd.) Page No. Cost Recovery ................................................ 17 Reporting .................................................... 18 V. JUSTIFICATION........................ 19 Sectoral Approach ............................................ 19 Alternative Solutions .. 19 Least Cost Solution..................... 19 Economic Justification ....................................... 20 Benefits of the proposed project ............................. 20 Environmental Impact ......................................... 20 Project Risk ................................................. 20 VI. AGREEMENTS REACHED AND RECOMMENDATIONS ........................ 21 LIST OF ANNEXES No. l Organization chart of the Ministry of Equipment and Urban Hydraulics Directorate. 2 Damage Estimate - Flood of October 30-31, 1982. 3 Rainfall depth, duration frequency relation. 4 Flood frequency/damage relation. 5 Least Cost Solution. 6 Annual Project Investments. 7 Implementation Schedule. 8 Accounting and Auditing Procedures 9 Selected Documents available in Project File. Map No. IBRD 17067 TUNISIA SFAX FLOOD PROTECTION PROJECT STAFF APPRAISAL REPORT I. FLOOD PROTECTION AND STORM DRAINAGE General 1.01 Tunisia is located on the southern bank of the Mediterranean sea about midway between Gibraltar and Suez. It occupies an area of 160,000 km2 which is rather poorly endowed with natural resources. The great Atlas moun- tain chain, which runs from west to east about 280 km south of the northern coastline, separates the country into two distinct regions. North of the Atlas mountain chain is a semi-arid area where the majority of the population lives and where most potentially irrigable land is found. Industries and other economic activities are concentrated in the northern coastal areas. The mean annual rainfall in this region fluctuates around 600 mm. South of the Atlas mountain chain lies arid land with an average annual rainfall of less than 200 mm. 1.02 Administratively, Tunisia is divided into 20 governorates, 136 coun- ties and 162 communes. Nearly half of the estimated total population of 6.4 million, which is growing at an average annual rate of 2.2%, is considered urban. More than one-third of the urban population is concentrated in Tunis and Sfax, the two largest metropolitan areas. The rural population is widely dispersed into more than 3,500 locations often isolated from each other and where low population density to a great extent impedes rapid implementation of services. Sector Organization 1.03 The Directorate of Urban Hydraulics (DHU) of the Ministry of Equip- ment is responsible for urban flood protection works. The Regional Direc- torates of the Ministry are responsible for the maintenance and repair of these works, but until now there have been no specialized units at the regional level to ensure maintenance and repair of the flood protection infra- structure, or to maintain community action in the event of a flood. However, the Ministry has decided to set up such units within its Regional Direc- torates, including one in the Sfax area (paras. 4.03 vi. and 4.11). The "Office National de l'Assainissement" (ONAS), which operates under the Ministry of Equipment, is responsible for combined urban stormwater and sewer- age systems. The Directorate of National Land Planning (DAT) of the Ministry of Equipment oversees the preparation and execution of national and urban plans; it is currently preparing a countrywide flood hazard map with the assistance of Stockholm University. The Ministry of Agriculture manages all water resources. The Bureau of Hydraulic Inventory and Research (BIRH), a public enterprise which operates under the Ministry of Agriculture, is respon- sible inter alia for studies and research related to rainfall and river flow. - 2 - Finally, rainfall data have been collected by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Meteorological Service of the Ministry of Transport and Communications. Bank Involvement in the Sector 1.04 The proposed project would be the first Bank financed free-standing flood control project in Tunisia. However, the Bank has been involved indirectly in flood control in the past by financing stormwater drainage as a part of sewerage projects. The Bank has been very active in the related water supply and sewerage sectors. It has helped, inter alia, to establish and deve.lop the entities responsible for water supply and sewerage (SONEDE and ONAS) and has maintained a continuous and close dialogue with the Tunisian Government on sector policies and operating. practices. In the water supply sector, the Bank Group has made five loans and one credit totalling US$ 124.5 million and is preparing a rural water supply project. The sewerage sector received four loans and one credit from the Bank Group. All these operations have also helped to finance stormwater drainage components: (i) the Tourism Infrastructure Project (Loan 858-TUN for US$ 14.0 million and Credit 329-TUN for US$ 10.0 million, both of September 28, 1972) included US$ 16.64 million for sewerage in six tourist zones. The project was revised as the result of changes in the Government's tourism development objectives in 1975, and suffered further delays due to related changes needed in the detailed design and additional time needed to complete detailed land-use plans and acquire land. The revised project was completed in 1981 and is operating satisfactorily; (ii) the First Urban Sewerage Project (Loan 1088-TUN of February 18, 1975 for US$ 28.0 million). The main objectives of this project were to support the establishment of ONAS as an effective operating agency,
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