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The Topology and Voltage Regulation for High-Power Switched-Capacitor

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The Topology and Voltage Regulation for High-Power Switched-Capacitor The Topology and Voltage Regulation for High-power Switched-capacitor Converters DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Ke Zou Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Science The Ohio State University 2012 Dissertation Committee: Jin Wang, Advisor Longya Xu Mahesh S. Illindala Copyright by Ke Zou 2012 Abstract With the rapid advancement of wide band-gap device researches, the switched- capacitor topologies have attracted more and more attentions, due to its inductor-less feature and high-temperature operation capability. This dissertation presents a series of work on high power switched-capacitor converters, including the study on both the topologies and voltage regulation methods for high-power switched-capacitor converters. A modular cell-based switched-capacitor topology is first presented, which can be configured to realize both dc-dc and dc-ac power conversions. When used in dc-dc applications, this topology has the advantages of reduced input current ripple and minimized output capacitor size compared to traditional switched-capacitor topologies. When used in dc-ac conversions, a multi-level inverter topology can be realized based on the proposed cell structure. With a variable-frequency control method, the zero-current- switching is achieved over the entire fundamental cycle. To reduce the power loss, especially the conduction loss on the input capacitors due to the pulsing input current, a voltage tripler that can realize input current and output voltage interleaving is presented. Three identical stages exist in the proposed topology, with a 120 degree phase-shift between each two stages. A two-step charging scheme is utilized to realize the interleaving function. Both the conduction losses and switching losses can be minimized by using this topology. ii To efficiently regulate the output voltage of high-power switched-capacitor converters, a voltage regulation method is proposed, in which a RCL equivalent circuit of the capacitor charging loop is adopted. The third-quadrant operation of MOSFETs is utilized to reduce the power loss due to the voltage regulation. A switched-capacitor dynamic voltage restorer topology is examined as an example of high-power switched-capacitor converter applications. The switched-capacitor based isolation cell, consisting of two capacitors and four switches, is used to isolate the source from the load. The zero-current-switching for the switches related with the capacitor charging is realized, which helps to reduce the EMI noises and switching loss. Detailed theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental results are included in this dissertation. iii Dedication This document is dedicated to my family: My wife, Ms. Yuan Wen; My father, Mr. Houren Zou; And my mother, Mrs. Chunying Wang. iv Acknowledgments I first would like to thank my wife, Ms. Yuan Wen, for her continuous support during my four-year PhD period and helped me to go through many difficulties. Even though we are apart by 3000 miles right now, I can always feel her tremendous love, encouragement and patience on me. Without her support, it would be impossible for me to accomplish what I have done. I am also grateful to my parents for their unconditional love and support. My deepest gratitude also goes to my PhD advisor, Dr. Jin Wang, who has led me into the door of power electronics and consistently providing me guidance when I encounter academics obstacles. His all-around knowledge in both power-electronics and communication skills set a perfect example for me in my future endeavor. I would also like to thank him for offering me the luxury opportunity to let me carry my research freely in the lab, and always encourage me to give me confidence. I also want to thank the professors in OSU, including Dr. Longya Xu, Dr. Donald Kasten, Dr. Vadim Utkin and Dr. Mahesh S. Illindala for serving as my PhD dissertation or qualifying exam committee member and leading many beneficial discussion with me. Special thanks to Dr. Steven Sebo for working with me in my teaching tasks for ECE 747 High Voltage Engineering. I benefited a lot from his knowledge and working attitude. v I would also like to thank all the incredible teammates here in OSU, especially Mr. Mark J. Scott, who worked with me every day and night in the basement of Caldwell Labs, helping me to build many test setups and to educate me about American culture and lifestyle. Many thanks to Mr. Renxiang Wang, who helped me adapted the life in the US quickly when I first came here four years ago. I want to give my thanks to Mr. Cong Li, Mr. Feng Guo, Mr. Chih-lun Wang, Ms. Xiu Yao, Mr. Luis Herrera, Mr. Damoun Ahmadi, Mr. Lixing Fu, Mr. Jinzhu Li, Mr. Ernesto Inoa, Mr. Xuan Zhang, Mr. Chengcheng Yao, Mr. Da Jiao, Mr. Jizhou Jia, Mr. Hanning Tang, Dr. Haiying Xing, Dr. Jingyan Li, Dr. Lei Yang, Mr. Zhendong Zhang, Dr. Jinhua Du, Mr. Kai-Chien Tsai, Dr. Yuan Zhang, Mr. Bo Guan, Mr. Yu Liu and all other fellow students I worked with.. Thank you all for companying me during my happy and difficult days in the past four years. I will not forget all the days I was embraced by your friendship, help and support. vi Vita July 2005 B.S. Information Engineering, Xi`an Jiaotong University July 2008 M.S. Control Science, Xi`an Jiaotong University Sept 2008 to present Ph.D student, The Ohio State University Publications [1] K.Zou, M. J. Scott and J.Wang, “A Switched-capacitor Voltage Tripler with Automatic Interleaving Capability” ,IEEE Tranaction on Power Electronics , vol. 27, No.6, pp. 2857- 2868, 2012. [2] K.Zou, M. J. Scott and J.Wang, “Switched-capacitor Based Voltage Multipliers and Dc/ac Inverters” ,IEEE Transaction on Industrial Application , Accepted, Feb.2012. [3] K. Zou and J. Wang, “Recent Developments on High-Power Switched-Capacitor Converters”, in IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois , pp. 1-5, Feb. 2012. [4] K.Zou, Y. Huang and J.Wang, “A voltage regulation method for high power switched- capacitor circuits”, in IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC2012) , pp. 1387-1391, Feb. 5-9, 2012. [5] Ke Zou, Mark J. Scott and Jin Wang, “Switched Capacitor Cell Based DC-DC and DC-AC Converters,” in IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference (APEC2011), Fort Worth, TX,pp.224-230,March, 2011. vii [6] Ke Zou, Mark J. Scott and Jin Wang, “The Analysis of DC-DC Converter Topologies Based on Stackable Voltage Elements,” in 2010 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Expo(ECCE2010) , Atlanta, GA, pp.4428-4433, Sept.12-16, 2010. [7] Ke Zou, Stephen Nawrocki, Renxiang Wang and Jin Wang , “High Current Battery Impedance Testing for Power Electronics Circuit Design Optimization,” in IEEE 2009 Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC2009), Dearborn, MI, pp. 531-535, Sept. 7- 10, 2009. [8] Mark J. Scott, Ke Zou, and Jin Wang, “A Gallium-Nitride Switched-Capacitor Circuit Using Synchronous Rectification”, IEEE Transaction on Industrial Application , Accepted, June.2012. [9] Mark J. Scott, Ke Zou, Ernesto Inoa, Ramiro Duarte, Yi Huang and Jin Wang, “A Gallium- Nitride Switched Capacitor Power Inverter for Photovoltaic Applications,” in IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC2012) , Orlando, FL, 2012. [10] Damoun Ahmadi, Ke Zou, Cong Li, Yi Huang and Jin Wang,, “A Universal Selective Harmonic Elimination Method for High Power Inverters”, IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics, vol.26, no.10,pp 2743-2752, Oct. 2011. [11] Mark J. Scott, Ke Zou, Jin Wang, Chingchi Chen, Ming Su and Lihua Chen, “A gallium- nitride switched-capacitor circuit using synchronous rectification ,” in 2011 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Expo (ECCE2011) , Phoenix, AZ, pp.2501-2505, Sept., 2011. [12] Damoun Ahmadi, Ke Zou and Jin Wang, “Weight oriented optimal PWM in low modulation indexes for multilevel inverters with unbalanced DC sources”, in IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, Palm Spring, CA, pp.1038-1042. , Feb. 2010. [13] Jin Wang, Ke Zou, Chingchi Chen and Lihua Chen, “A High Frequency Battery Model for Current Ripple Analysis,” in IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition(APEC2010), Palm Spring, CA, pp.676-680, Feb. 2010. [14] Jin Wang, Ke Zou and Jeremiah Friend, “Minimum Power Loss Control – Thermoelectric Technology in Power Electronics Cooling,” in IEEE 2009 Energy Conversion Congress and Expo (ECCE2009) , San Jose, CA, pp. 2543 –2548, Sept.2009. viii Fields of Study Major Field: Electrical and Computer Engineering ix Table of Contents Abstract .......................................................................................................................... ii Dedication ..................................................................................................................... iv Acknowledgments ...........................................................................................................v Vita .............................................................................................................................. vii Publications .................................................................................................................. vii Fields of Study .............................................................................................................. ix Table of Contents ............................................................................................................x List of Tables................................................................................................................xvi
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