Volume 3 Article 1 Number 3 The Iowa Homemaker vol.3, no.3-4

1923 The oI wa Homemaker vol.3, no.3-4 Alan Holmes Kimball Iowa State College

Alda Wilson Iowa State College

John E. Brindley Iowa State College

Pearl Apland Iowa State College

Juanita J. Beard Iowa State College

See next page for additional authors

Follow this and additional works at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/homemaker Part of the Home Economics Commons

Recommended Citation Kimball, Alan Holmes; Wilson, Alda; Brindley, John E.; Apland, Pearl; Beard, Juanita J.; Cessna, Orange H.; Bailey, N. Beth; Sheldon, Mary; Wilson, Ruth Elaine; Ingersoll, Blanche; Murray, Eleanor; and Lamb, Helen G. (1923) "The oI wa Homemaker vol.3, no.3-4," The Iowa Homemaker: Vol. 3 : No. 3 , Article 1. Available at: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/homemaker/vol3/iss3/1

This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in The oI wa Homemaker by an authorized editor of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The oI wa Homemaker vol.3, no.3-4

Authors Alan Holmes Kimball, Alda Wilson, John E. Brindley, Pearl Apland, Juanita J. Beard, Orange H. Cessna, N. Beth Bailey, Mary Sheldon, Ruth Elaine Wilson, Blanche Ingersoll, Eleanor Murray, and Helen G. Lamb

This article is available in The oI wa Homemaker: http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/homemaker/vol3/iss3/1 - l jj ~c !3£1.

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VOL. III JUNE-JULY, 1923 Nos. 3 a.nd 4 + 1 - II - 11 - II - MM - 11 - II - IM - II - II - YI - II - 11 - III - 11 - IM - IM - II - ~I - MM - NI - II - MI - ~H - iii - N~-IIN - IIII - IIII - IIN - i - ~I - MI - III - I~ - II - II ~ II - II - II- U- II - II - II -+ i i i i i i i ! i i

. MY HOME Let it be somewhere out of tov.'n l\Iy home, with elms that rise from turf :U'lanked by rough forests marching down 'l'o creamy surf. -

If this is asking paradise, 'l'hen clover fie lds, a brook with cress, 'Villows and maples, firs for spice, Bnt nothing less.

Still, orchards charm me; orchards bloom As well ·as yield a fruit, and trees Planted to bear leave ample room For sun and breeze.

Once a deep mountain lake half filled With islands dark but sweet with pine. Seemed the one spot on earth to build This home of mine.

' Vhich ever way I turn, I lose A dozen sites as beautiful; Against the one I all but choose, The oth~rs pull . .So to decide just where shall stand My home of timber, brick, or stone Is hard, tho easy this: the land Must be my 0\1'11! - Richard Butler Gleanzer. Conntr~ · Life. THE lOW A HOMEMAKER "A Magazine for Homemakers from a Homemakers' School"

VOLUME 3 JUNE-JULY, 1923 NUMBERS 3 and 4

The Architectural Design of a Home By ALLEN HOLMES KIMBALL, A. I. A., Professor of Architectural Engineering

HE home, as an architectural prob­ For a house to be successful archi­ example there is no standard size for T lem is one which is often neglected tecturally it must express the individu­ a kitchen. The size is determined by and not given the serious consideration· ality of its occupants, it must be a home the equipment to be accommodated and it should have by members of the ar<:hi­ in the truest sense. The three funda­ the wishes of the owner. One person tectural profession. Statistics show that mentals of design must be satisfied, will insist on enameled woodwork, etc., not more than two percent of all domes­ namely economy . of space- practical ar­ while another will be equally insistent tic architecture in America is designed by rangement of the units ·of plan and ex­ upon varnish and painted walls. So one architects. Such a condition is due to terior elevations, economic construction can see the endless variety of ideas that many causes. Probably the most im­ and beauty of design. can be gotten relative to a simple kitch­ portant reason being that the average Location plays an important part in en. This is only one of the reasons for person who wishes to build a home hasn't the proper design of a house. It is im­ saying that the design of a home is a learned to appreciate the value of such possible, for example to get a satisfact­ complicated problem. professional service nor has he or she ory one story bungalow if it is placed In order to plan a home and get a learned that there is no type of design on a lot which is bounded on either side good result one must take considerable whkh requires more care and skill in by exceedingly tall residences. The bun­ time and assemble all ideas possible. order to get a satisfactory result. galow would be completely dwarfed by Then by a process of elimination grad­ Again the criticism has been made . such a setting while if it were built on ually build up a list of essential items that the architectural profession is in­ the proper kind of a lot a good result to submit to an architect to work out. different to the problem and that other could be obtained. Many very well plan­ Usually further processes of e)imina­ lines of endeavor are more remunerative. ned homes have been spoiled by just tion tal'e place before the house can be Such criticisms as cited above are both such a condition. gotten within the available expenditure. true. However, some one must take care Today there is quite a decided tend­ House planning can be compared to a of the design and construction of homes ency to build houses to fit in with some game of checkers in which a great deal and the result is in many respects quite fad or fancy and only too often such a of thought and study must be given to unsatisfactory. It is impossible to ex­ scheme leads to results which are often every n1ove. pect to find all refinements in propor­ regretted later. Good taste does not The writer has had a considerable ex­ tions, teauty and taste in the hap-hazard change like fashions. It is better to perience in designing hundreds of types of houses which we have in our build conservatively than to feel disap­ houses, and never yet has he found any cities and towns. The builder has used pointed later because the result wasn't two persons who were satisfied with his best judgment in solving the prob­ satisfactory. Fads change. A few y!lars the same design. Unfortunately much lem but due to the element of individual­ age for example, the large kitchen and erroneous information is published and ity on the part of every client it is almost butler's pantry were considered essen­ the result follows that many people wish impossible for him to get away from cer­ tial in every home. Today with chang­ to build absurd structures. For example tain defined types. He hasn't the neces­ ing economic conditions the pantry has I remember a client who insisted upon sary training nor skill to produce original disappeared and the small buffet kitchen using red wood for flooring in her kitch­ designs. His problem is gauged almost is in vogue. en. The idea being that it was a very entirely by the expenditure and his limit­ Certain styles of houses have become soft wood and hence would be easy to ed experience. too popular in many communities. For walk upon. In theory such a reasoning As an interesting study there is no example the Colonial type whether it be might be permissible but from the stand­ fielrl which offers more possibilities of the true Northern type with its nar­ point of service the soft wood is useless than the planning of a home. Ever since' row eaves, many small windows, etc. or unless covered with linoleum. the beginning of time man has been of the Dut('h Colonial type with gambrel Climatic conditions make it particular­ building to protect himself and family roof, etc. What can be more distracting ly necessary to build sturdy structures. against the elements. The primitive than to see a house of the latter type Flimsy wall construction means excess­ t:vpes were hardly more than shelters which is planned with an informal ar­ ive coa l bills, unsanitary conditions, etc. and even today much money is expended rangement of rooms on the interior and Hence the necessity for the designer of upon ugly buildings which can hardly not at all expr essive of the exterior. homes to be thoroly familiar with good be said to be anything other than an Truth in expression is one of the main construction. A home is not a home area of ground covered by four walls essentials to be gotten if one wishes to when it is a "barn," a cold structure in and a -roof. A systematic study of the design a successful home. winter and an oven in summer. If more problem will bring about many interest­ There is no rule or formula by which people would look upon the building of ing solutions. The ever present element to design a },C'me. Some people have a home as a business proposition and of cost usually handicaps one in his de­ very decided notions as to size of rooms. that a wise expenditure at first would velopment. Unless the client is thoroly Such ideas are purely individual. For eliminate later replacements and heavy familiar with building costs it is practic­ upkeep, domestic architecture in Ameri­ ally impossible to design a house with ca would be put upon a higher plane. any degree of success. The impossible Today there are many kinds of penna­ cannot be done when it comes to getting nent materials to be had which do not all the r efinements of a very sumptuous cost any more than frame construction. house for the cost of a very modest A careful selection of materials, fixtures, home. In such a case the only result an economic plan, attractive exterior to be obtained consists of getting the elevations together with complete plans, mjlin essentials so organized into an or­ specifications and superintendence of derly plan as to make a house which is construction will do much to improve not only convenient bnt also has indi­ our cities and towns by getting real viduality and shows good' taste. homes. 2 THE IOWA HOMEMAKER ''F or a Man'_s House Is His Castle" Making the House Liveable By ALDA WILSON, '95

ANY. women spend days planning and golden oak may have the ornaments and work of art in your home. We are prone M selecting their apparel and are much glossy var.nish removed and be stained to think of art as safely housed in art gratified when they receive the commen­ and refinished until it becomees a fit galleries and museums but more and dation of their friends. How much more associate for its peers. If you do not more people are buying one or more important and lasting are the results have heirlooms, buy some. Do not al­ things of real art value with which to from time and study spent upon securing low yourself to be persuaded to buy a decorate their homes, and having se­ a comfortable and beautiful home. "set" for each room but look at each cured the "keynote", the whole scheme piece before purchasing as something of the decoration of a house becomes Let us regard our furnishings as the which you expect to live with for many pigments with which we can make a pic­ inspired thereby. Not many of us nave years and then hand down to your de­ the interiors to accomodate the larger ture upon the background of ceiling, scendants. walls and floors. The background seems pieces of sculpture and canvasses but the logical first consideration, walls with Fortunately we have emerged from the less pretentious in size, in both sculp­ a floor and ceiling. Let these all be un­ the era of golden oak, composition ture and painting are none the less in­ obtrusive and more or less neutral. The ornament, flowered carpets and what spired and will find their places in a floors darkest, walls medium and ceiling nots, into a day when the manufacturers house of modest pretentious. A room lightest in color. The color chosen de­ have felt the demand for the well made with large wall spaces may have fabrics pends upon the "exposure" of the rooms, reproduction of fine old furniture. Ev­ used to good advantage, au east Indian north rooms requiring warm colors, south eryone may decide as to the relative mer­ print or a silk rug hung back of a nav­ cold and sunfast, east or west depending its, and the fitness for its place in his enport, a piece of Chinese embroidery, more upon personal taste. Have har­ house, of Shearton, Jasobeau, Queen same old brocade used as a background mony in color; if the doors and wood­ Anne or Italian and feel moderately cer­ for a statuette or a Spanish or Paisley work of your rooms are stained your tain of finding the furniture required in shawl, hung in a hall will work wonders. scheme must be darker than when paint· the chosen style. Not all in the same In hanging fabrics do not try to keep eo woodwork is used. One general prin­ shop perhaps, but patience, perserverance them straight and stiff; a natural ripple ciple applies in all cases, avoid shiny sur­ and a bank account will accomplish all or fold gives shadows and charm. faces, except in kitchen and bathrooms things. Good furniture is always good, Hangings at door and window openings where they may be accepted as an aid age only mellows and adds charm. give a finish to the room which nothing to cleanliness. Have a furniture fund in your family else can impart. In choosing overdrapes The doors are a part of the wall surface or buy it for anniversary presents each and portiers remember that the right and the windows are often landscapes year-something of real worth; a nest color is more important than price. The far more beautiful than those we aspire of tables, a winged chair, a tapestry or present tendency is for simplicity every­ to purchase· "some day" to hang upon our picture. Study your house and your "'here and no white except perhaps in walls. Art holds the mirror up to na­ friend's houses and learn by their ex­ 1-edrooms and in table linen. The sun­ ture so do not shut out your glimpse of perience. Study and change until the fast fabrics cost more but wear longer. ever changing branch tracery against effect desired is reached and you have Hoavy basket woven canvas and art de­ blue skies by using ugly stiff "shades" the "harmonious whole." The so much nims may replace the more expensive pulled religiously to the center rail of discussed Whistler once said, "a finished velours and damasks in some interiors the double hung windows. Have the thing is to use a dead thing. There is no with colored gauze in silk, linen or cot­ shades by all means to use when sun­ longer any urge to interest myself." ton or some form of "casement cloth" light is too glaring or when privacy is The livableness of a room depends hung at the windows either with or with­ desired, but use your windows as pic· largely upon the manner in which the out a valance and side drapes. Remem­ tures and your draperies as frames to furniture is placed and the r elation of ber a house is like an income; the small­ soften the transition from solid walls to the pieces to each other and to the er it is the more carefully it must be landscape. needs of the family. In arranging your 8tudied. Do not have walls or rugs conspicuous­ rooms it is a good plan to have bits o Use a striped awning to shut out the ly gay or they will no longer remain in cardboard cut out the size of each piece, too brilliant sunshine of a west or south made to the same scale as the floor plans exposure without shade, and you will be the background. If walls are plain use rugs with a pattern and the reverse is of your house. By moving these about rle~ighted W'ih the cooled and shaded in­ you can study grouping without the drudg· terior. The same striped awning cloth alRo advisable. ery of lifting the heavy furniture. Oth­ makes excellent curtains for porches, When the rooms are arranged with erwise decide upon the most desirable ~un room'l and sleeping porches when large openings between hall, living room location for the larger pieces, such as hung with rings and pulleys so as to al­ and dining room, do not treat each as a piano or davenport. Then study an ef­ low them to be closed and opened at will. Sl:lparate unit, but consider the whole as fective grouping for each corner of the Brilliantine, homespun, pongee or Aus­ a living room and treat the walls in the room, for· example a bookcase, table, trian cloth may be used instead of the same manner thruout. If the walls are lamp, two chairs and a large picture, this heavier material and these are also ex­ of sand finished plaster use flat paint. done you will be surprised to find that cellent in bedrooms either plain or scal­ If they are smooth, hard finish, use Ja­ you have a finished product. loped, bound or hemmed. Use painted pll!lese grass cloth or wall paper all over Do not feel timid about placing a real 0r wicker furniture in porches, sun rooms, or hung in panels. Ceilings should not and breakfast rooms. The wicker may be white but a light shade of the wall be stained any color desired and rubbed color. with paint of a contrasting color to give Nothing runs a more varied course a two-toned effect. than our floor coverings; from the low­ Details make or mar a room, even ly rag carpet of colonial days to the so­ tho the fundamentals have been chos­ phisticated oriental. Each has its place. en with good judgment. Too many dec­ c.n!y not side by side. Use the brilliant Ol"ative accessories are as fatal as too :Navajo in the porch, the velvet, oriental few. A good test is to have nothing in or Anglo-Persian in the living rooms and your rooms which you do not know to the braided or woven rag rugs will keep be useful or believe to be beautiful. company with the old four-poster in the Avoid unframed photographs standing up­ p;riest room. on mantel or piano. Such personal be­ Happy the household which has inher­ longings should not be found in the ited fine old furniture or even old furni­ woms for general use. Have some good ture which is not so fine, as much may flower holders, some of which may be be done by renovation. Even the ornate fllled in winter with boquets of straw T II E I 0 T\l A II 0 M E M A J( E R

J:iowers or leaves and berries. Good l:lmps or double brackets, with or with­ nu:ted to tile switch at the entrance vases of pottery and lustre or brass or out candles, of wrought iron, silver or door. Thes'l two lights with a base re­ copper bow.ls have a decorative value brass, come in very good designs. ceptacle for a reading lamp at bed-side when placed on table mantle or book­ Use overhead lights in dining rooms, would be sufficient for most bedrooms. ea8e. with or without flowers, and a col­ narrow halls, kitchen, pantry and en­ A bracket light. with long chain on pull orful glass bowl with flanking candle trance halls for convenience. In bed socket, _placed over the head of the bed, sticks of glass, wood, or brass, holding rooms have a light dropped just in front on sleeping porch or in bed rooms, solves brilliant candles would turn many a dull of the bureau and the dressing table fin­ the reading light problem where wall spot into a place of beauty. ished with shades of silk to match the space is limited. Japanese lanterns of Do not be afraid of color when used in rlraperies, one of these should be con- varnished cloth make very good fixtures small amounts; as accents it cannot be for certain rooms. Mirrors carefully too brilliant. Whatever your color placed have a decorative value and will scheme may be follow it consistantly increase the light when hung in rooms with north windows or with windows un­ with an eye to contrast as well as to JK

The Economics of Consumption By JOHN E. BRINDLEY, Professor and Head of Economic Science

JN THE brie[ space and time at his dis- called productive consumption is there­ have increased far more rapidly still, we posal, the writer can do little more fore not consumption at all but deprecia­ can form some idea of the rapid pro­ than state a few of the most important tion, which is an important technical as­ gress of economic society from the point problems connected with a subject of pect of the subject of production itself. To of view both of living conditions and such magnitude and complexity as the the retaile_r, food, clothing and the win­ capital goods---'-the result of the indus­ Economics of Consumption. In its re­ ter's supply of coal are production goods, trial revolution based upon the unparal­ lation to fundamental economic theories not consumption goods. As a creator of leled advancement of pure and applied of production, distribution, and ex­ place and time utilities, the retailer is science. change; in its vital connection with al­ a producer, performing as he does the In the third place, standards of living, most numberless special economic and last step in the frequently long process family budgets and closely allied prot> social problems such as wages and work­ of production. To the consumer, food, !ems should be studied in a more ing conditions, standards of living and clothing, and the winter's supply of coal thoro and scientific manner than has family budgets, poverty, unemployment are consumption goods, and should be so been done in the past. Such works as and crime, immigration and tariff legis­ ·. treated in a study of consumption as Comish, "The Standard of Living," some lation, the tax system, etc., and finally contrasted with production. Consump­ parts of Nystrom, "The Economies of in its dependence upon numerous tech­ tion is therefore a point of view-the Retailing," and Bulletin Number 7 of the nical studies of food, clothing and other point of view of the consumer in the di­ Bureau of Applied · Economics entitled utilities that minister directly to the rect satisfaction of his wants. "Standards of Living" represent good be­ wants of man-consumption is at once A second fact, which should be stated ginnings along this line. A so-called fam­ the tangible bond and motive force of in this connection is the value of con­ ily budget, however, has real meaning the present economic order. Man, as a sumption goods in the Uriite.d States and only to the extent that it is based upon consumer of economic goods and ser­ the relative increase per capita of this· and properly related to highly technical vices-and we all must be consumers-is class of goods. King, in his very scholar­ studies in the special field of home econ­ the end and aim of all the economic ac­ ly work on "Wealth and Income of The omics. We refer of course to compre­ tivity involved in the production, distri­ People of The United States" estimates hensive and scientific investigations of bution and exchange of wealth. On the that the total value of consumption goods such practical problems as food, cloth­ ancient theory, however, that what increased from $2,317,000,000 in 1850 to ing, and housing conditions. From an touches Caesar first shall be last served, $32,976,000,000 in 1910, a per capita in­ economic, social and educational stand­ consumption has received scant atten­ crease during the same period from point, no problems can be more import­ tion aside from its general recognition $72.00 to $284.00. While the figures are ant than a real practical knowledge of as one of the classical divisions of econ­ not given, it may reasonably be assumed those living conditions, which, in the last omic science. With the rapid growth of that, measured in dollars at least, the analysis, determine our efficiency, health, colleges of home economics for the scien­ total and per capita increase since 1910 and happiness. tific study of the highly technical aspects has been very great. Two points stand The statement that standards of liv­ of the problem, a more complete develop­ out in these data as especially signifi­ ing and so-called family budget studies ment of the Economics of Consumption is cant: first, the vast magnitude of the mean very little except as based upon certain to follow. problem of consumption, quantitatively certain highly technical knowledge First of all the reader should have a expressed; and the fact that, contrary of those living conditions, which, in the clear idea of the meaning of consump­ to the economic pessimism of Marthus, last analysis, determine our efficiency, tion of one of the principal divisions of the supply of consumption goods has in­ health and happiness. economic science. Consumption is the creased much· more rapidly than the The statement that standards of living use of economic goods or services in the population. When we take into consicter­ and so-called family budget studies mean direct satisfaction o! human wants. So- ation the fact that production goods very little except as based upon certain 4 THE IOWA HOMEMAKER highly technical knowledge brings us to Again the same careful student of nu­ the body. It holds out the promise of the fourth consideration or point of view trition thus writes: greater physical strength, increased en­ in this brief paper. Bulletin Number 7 "There is today great need for a thoro durance, greater freedom from fatigue, noted above at page 1 states: physiological study of· those laws of nu­ and a condition of well-being that is full "It has been estimated that the num­ trition which constitute the foundation of suggestion for the betterment of ber of calories needed by a man at mod­ of 'good living. It is a subject full of health. erately hard muscular work is 3,000 to interest and promise for the sociologist Physiological economy in nutriion 3,200 per day. About 10 per cent of the and economist, as well as for the pt.ysi­ means temperance, and not prohibition. calorie value of food is wasted in prep­ ologist. We need a far more complete It means full freedom of choice in the aration, cooking, etc., and also a small knowledge than we possess at present selection of food. It is not cereal diet percent of the food which enters the of the laws governing nutrition; we need nor vegetarianism, but it is the judicious mouth is not digested or assimilated. fuller knowledge of the methods by application of scientific truth to the art Therefore 3,500 calorie purchased repre· which the most complete, satisfactory, of living, in which man is called upon sents approximately 3,000 to 3,200 ca· and economical utilization of the diet to apply to himself that same care and lories actually consumed. Experience can be obtained. * • * Further, we judgment in the protection of his bodily indicates that it is necessary to purchase need more concise information as to the machinery that he applies to the me­ this amount of food per man per day in effect of the mental state upon digestion chanical products of his skill and crea­ order to insure sufficient variety and and nutrition. These and many other tive power. quantity, both as to bulk and calorie con­ problems of a like nature confront us Food requirements must of necessity tent. If the housewife is a dietetic ge­ when we attempt to trace the influence vary with changing conditions, but with nius, 3,500 calories per man per day pur­ of a proper nutrition upon the condition due recognition of this fundamental prin­ chased in the market may be a liberal of the body. These problems, however, ciple, all the results so far obtained in allowance." all admit of solution, and in their solu­ this investigation, with a great variety The budget studies and elaborate tion undoubtedly lies the remedy for of persons, point to the conclusion that tables that follow are based upon the many of the personal ills of mankind." the real demands of the body for protied above statement of food requirements­ Finally Professor Chittenden, as a gen­ food do not exceed fifty per cent of the the socalled Voit standard of Munich, eral conclusion of his book "Physiolog­ amount generally consumed. One-half Germany. The Voit diet for a man do­ ical Economy in Nutrition" makes the of the 118 grams of protied food called ing moderate work is 118 grams of pro­ following significant statement: for daily by the ordinary dietary stan­ teid or albuminous food, 56 grams of dards is quite sufficient to meet all the fat and 500 grams of carbohydrates, such "Confining our conclusions to general real physiological needs of the body, cer­ as sugar and starch, with a total fuel statements, it may be said that our re­ tainly under ordinary conditions of life; value of 3,075 large calories or heat units sults, obtained with a great diversity of and with most individuals, especially per day, Atwater, however, is inclined subjects, justify the conviction that the persons not leading an active out-of-doors to place the daily proteid requirement at minimal proteid requirement of the life, even smaller amounts will suffice. 125 grams, with sufficient fat and carbo­ healthy man under ordinary conditions Excess means waste, but of far greater hydrates to equal a total fuel value of of life is far below the generally accept­ importance is the unnecessary strain $3,500 large calories for a man doing a ed dietary standards, and far below the placed upon the body by this uncalled­ moderate amount of work. For a man amounts called for by the acquired taste for excess of food material, which must doing hard work Atwater would increase of the generality of mankind. Express­ be gotten rid of at the expense of energy the daily diet to 150 grams of proteid ed in different language, the amount of . that might better be conserved for more proteid or 'albuminous food needed daily with fa~s and carbohydrates to yield a useful purposs. total fuel value of 4500 large calories. for the actual physiological wants of the body is not more than one-half that Further, the total consumption of food These figures are taken from the writ­ by the average individual, non-nitrogen­ ings of Professor Russell H. Chittenden. ordinarily consumed by the average man. Body-weight (when once adjusted to the ous, is considerably greater than the Director of the Scientific School at Yale real needs of the body demand, although Universi~y, an eminent authority on new level), health, strength, mental and physical vigor, and endurance can be here we must give closer heed to the problems of human nutrition, as the varying requirements of the body inci­ writer does not assume to possess any maintained with at least one-half of the proteid food ordinarily consumed; a dental to varying degrees of activity. definite knowledge in this special field, The man whose work is mainly mental except that, in his own case, no such kind of physiological economy which, if once entered upon intelligently, entails has no real need for high fuel values in bountiful food standard is necessary, de­ his daily ration. For such a man, a sirable, or even possible, a fact which no hardship, but brings with it an actual betterment of the physical condition of high potential energy in the daily intake may or may not conform to the law of of food is an incubus and not a gain. averages-the only scientific and there­ Body equilibrium can be maintained on fore safe point of view in matters so im­ llltltltltltllltllltltllltltlllltlllltiiNIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIItltlltllltllltltltltllltllltltltlll far less than 3000 calories per day by portant to the general welfare of the the brain worker, and in the interest of race. A PRAYER FOR A L TTLE HOME health, strength and vigor, as well as The reader, however, will be interested God send us a little home, scientific truth, why teach the doctrine in the statements of Professor Chitten­ To come back to, when we roam. that a healthy man needs, on an average, den of Yale regarding the above stand­ foodstuffs to furnish 3000 calories or ards, which are in part as follows: more per day, with 16 to 18 grams of ni­ Low walls, and fluted tiles, trogen in the form of protied? More­ "Suppose, on the other hand, that we Wide windows, a view for miles. have in these figures false standards, or over, as our experiments have clearly in other words, that the quantities of indicated, even the man who is called foodstuffs called for are altogether larger Red firelight and deep chairs, upon to perform considerable physical than the actual demands of the body re­ Small white beds upstairs. work has no apparent need for a fuel quire. In this case there is a positive value in his food of 3000 calories per day." waste of valuable food material which Great talk in little nooks, If the eminent Yale authority on nutri­ we may calculate in dollars and cents; Dim colors, rows of books. tion is correct or even approximately a loss of income incurred daily which correct, it means billions of dollars of might be expended more profitably in One picture on each wall, economic waste annually in the United other directions. To the wage-earner Not many things at all. States, and a consequent loss in physical, with a large family, who must of neces­ moral, educational, and social efficiency sity husband his resources, there is in God send us a little ground, which appals the imagination. Much is our hypothesis a suggestion of material Tall trees standing round. being said these days by our agricul­ tural economists regarding the waste of gain not to be disregarded. The money Homely flowers in brown sod, farm production and the marketing of thus saved might be expended for the Overhead, thy stars, 0 God. farm products and justly so. Secretary education of the children, for the pur­ Hoover is now stressing the awful waste chase of household treasures tending to Our home and all we know. in industry, and the relation of this elevate the moral and mental state of G'od bless, when winds blow, waste to the high cost of living is re­ the occupants, or in many other ways -Florence Bone in the London Spec- ceiving serious and much deserved at- that the imagination can easily supply." tator. C'ontinued on page 17) THE IOWA HOMEMAKER

Sunfast and Tubfast Materials •. u.JJL ... ,~,. By Pearl Apland, '22

A rick rack design above a scalloped hem trims the first little gingham dress. For the second frock different colored bias tapes overlap to give variety. The dress at the right is made of durable suiting trimmed with nursery braid. NO longer does the unfortunate chiltl have to wear crude reds, dirty blues, to the ugly blues and r eds which have range of serviceable materials, she can and billions browns just because these proven to be the most durable. But aiso buy lovely novelty braids, bias bind­ are the only fast colors to be had in this is no longer necessary. Lovely ings, and trimmings of all kinds and col­ strong, ever-wearing cloth. During the fast colors are now procurable in cotton ors. Thus she is able to secure any num­ war the dye stuffs on the market were materials. The most fastidious mother ber of good color harmonies that she very unsatisfactory but after a period can be satisfied for the new colors now may choose to use. of experimentation, the American dye obtainable ar'e not only absolutely ~un­ The bias tapes which are not new manufacturers are now able to produce fa~t and tubfast, but are also to be had by any means can be procured in new a wide range of pleasing fast colors in in a variety of materials and textures. varieties: checks, checks with plain pip­ good cotton materials. These can be grouped into three general ing, the plain colors with either a ~cal­ classes. .A great deal of the credit for these loped edge or an embroidery design of good colors should go to some of our In the first class are found the heavier contrasting colors. leading de:signers for their influence in or suiting type of fabrics such as the The rick racks too, have many new securing for the market a greater var­ Indian heads, beach cloths, suiting ma­ colors and widths. They can be worked iety of pleasing colors which are indeed terials and ratinees. Most of these are up effectively by puttjng together rows an improvement on the many crude ones dyEo d in the cloth, one or two being yarn of different harmonizing colors, by com­ that have been, and still are, found in dyed. What could be more practical for bining various widths of the same color the average community store. play frocks than a firm durable weave any by contrasting colors in different The big problem of the mother has not that does not require any special or proportions. Then too, they may be always been what color to get, but how careful laundering'? And what can be combined with bias tape or with stitcu­ to get it in a serviceable fabric. -Too more satisfying than a dress that has ery to form attractive designs. But the often she may have purchased a lovely the capacity for service without having trimmings that please the children are soft green only to have it wash out gray. to sacrifice good looks? the nursery braids with animal and fi­ Or she may have selected a beautiful The next group includes the finely gure designs which are especially accep­ lavender which faded to a pitiful drab woven French and tissue ginghams. table for romper suits and aprons. There color when exposed to sunlight. These can be obtained in stripes. checks are a number of new edges on the mar­ Clothes will get soiled and children and plaids, as well as in the plain colors. ket known as tatting edges, made in must have fresh air and sunshine. No T~1Eoy also are yarn dyed. many widths and colors. They are es­ wonder the average mother has resorted pecially attractive and dainty as finishes The printed materials such as the per­ for the finer ginghams and percales. cales and English prints form the third group. They are especially attractive The play frock should be so construc­ and can be had in a variety of designs. ted as to allow the child all the freedom of movement which he requires. So, for All of these materials mentioned come this type of garment, it is not wise to in a range of from ten to thirty-five col­ use a trimming that is likely to ravel, ors and can be purchased at reasonable snag, or fray. Stitchery either alone ~- prices. The suitings are around $.50 or in combination with plain braids is a yard while the ginghams cost all the always good and need not be elaborate way from $.35 to $.80 a yard, depending to be pleasing. The Extension Service on the quality. The percales are cheap­ of Iowa State College issues a pamphlet er and the English prints are more ex­ on "Decorative Stitches and Handmade pensive. The colors are guaranteed by Trimmings" which shows a number of the different manufacturers to be abso­ good variations of the simple stitcheR lutely sunfast and tubfast so that if a most commonly used. This may be bad doe>aler is unwilling to stand back of his on request. goods it is safe to say that he does not have the genuine article. The %rap bag may yield any number of little bits of colored yarn, braid, ~'f:i¥+:1 The mother of today who makes her scraps of materials or buttons so that Fancy edges and nursery braid which add children's clothing is doubly fortunate the decorations on little frocks need not interest to simple frocks. ior, besides being able to get a wide always be an added expense. 6 THE IOWA HOMEMAil.ER On Our Street By JUANITA J. BEARD

HAT has happened on our street can The basement entrance, over which a ing out, and a "Y" turn projecting across W·happen on any of your streets. No pergola was built, opens on to the gar­ the lawn thirty feet or more. To over­ longer does the home-builder follow the den level, and a flight of stone steps come this .difficulty the garage must be "hit or miss, I stop at this" plan where with an arch overhead for vines leads placed nearer the street. Its front may "kerplunk" goes the house in the exact clown to it from the kitchen wing. At be as far forward as the house front, or center of the lot, the garage at the rear the' south corner a little gate swings it may be at the side of the house, mak­ property line, the laundry yard between open to admit visitors from the outside ing backing to the street practical. Or the big elms in the front lawn, and the world into this lattice enclosed retreat.. a third position for the garage may be barrel for the cans standing guard at Now to bring about such changes on just far enough behind the house for a the back door. your street, there are several things to "Y" turn to clear it, and where there Since Garden Week aroused our CIVIC be considered. First of all if you are is already some pavement leading to pride, we have undertaken our problem just planning to build you have an ad­ kitchen and cellar entrances. Open with real zest. vantage over your neighbor whose house space at this point is usually needed for Problem: A garden for every home. is already located, for you can move your general service. Given: Buildings, work areas and "dream castle" all over the lot until you The laundry yard can be near this gen­ recreational areas, find the exact site for it. But you will eral service area. If the garage is at the find that orienting the house with the side of the house, the drying yard can To find: The most economical ar­ narrow frontage on the main thorough­ be immediately in the rear, very con­ rangement of these elements which fare is less wasteful of space, permits venient and not projecting into the lawn. will be a true expression of their use and better design and also gives to the rear And when the rear lawn is not too small, our convenience. lawn and garden more privacy because the laundry yard should be given some All the houses on our street are mod­ the building restrictions and; customs enclosure. est, "homey" houses just like yours. will allow development closer to the If the lot is wide enough, the ideal And what a world of wonders can be sidewalk on the minor street. A small place for a small flower garden is at wrought with just such places. Thoreau front yard will increase the importance the side of the house adjoining the living convinced us long ago that one needs of the house front, as seen from the room. In the case of lots of fifty feet only a few feet of earth and the smallest street. If the width of the house front or less, this is not possible and flowers of dwellings to be as contented as a is one-half or two-thirds the distance be­ may then be planted in a border across mortal can be. Only a few years ago, teen the house and sidewalk, the lot will the vegetable garden, or in an eight foot our parlor which a little boy defined as appear wider than if the house were set border along one side of the lawn. "a room which is never opened except farther back. In small yards there is a great advant­ for funeral and weddings" was opened ·on the small property, the garage is age in an asymmetrical arrangement­ up for a living room and today we are an important feature so often thought­ that of balancing one feature with a dif­ even extending our living room into the lessly placed. Because of 'its prominence ferent one, rather than repeating the outdoors-for what is a garden but an and relation to the drive and turn space same on either side. A wide flower bor­ outdoor living room? And to make room needed, its position may make or break der on one side of a garden may be bal­ for the garden we had to shift the gar­ the whole design of the backyard. When anced on the other side by an arbor, age and service areas around, as it is garage is placed too far in the rear, the a decorative tree under which one may they were bits of a Chinese puzzle, be­ result is too great a distance for back- sit, or merely a tall hedge. In this way fore we found the log- simplicity and spaci­ ical solution of our problem. ousness are achieved. One little cottage, The vegetable gar­ to secure a better set­ den is an element ting for its front fac­ which most per:3ons ade cheerfully cast off will want-tho father its rather dilapidated may not want to hoe front porch which it! A strip along the was replaced by a side boundary just be­ q u a i n t little gabled yond the garage or ser­ entrance which now vice yard is logical boasts a knocker and when only a small area a "lamp of hospitality." is wanted. The large Immediately this little vegetable garden will house seemed to have be best in the rear stepped back at least across the entire width ten feet further from I{ of the lot. the front walk. As has been said, tile rear lawn is the out­ On another property, door living room of the garage became so the property- pleasant respectable that It took to look at from the a seat on the front row house, a broad space with the house and for outdoor life, a play­ thus made room for a groun

OU have kindly asked me to write world! To see a pitifully helpless or­ mock, the sand-pile in the back yard are Y the first of a series of articles by ganism of our own creation made the not so ornamental as the well-kept house various people on the above topic. Since home of a living soul whose value we of two, but these are simply the parable this is the first, I may make it a kind of may not know and whose destiny we of lives to whom material things are no introduction to the series. cannot conceive-is not all this enough longer worshiped as fetishes, but are I have taught child study and child to give one pause! being used as tools of life. There is still training in relation to the home a num­ "Then the mystery of the grip that joy in quiet, sober pleasures, and intel­ ber of years and yet the more I know, this small person is able to get on the lectual repose, but the child brings the the less I know about the subject; and heart! Only yesterday we were so care­ larger and more exuberant joys of play, having had a practical experience in my free and bouyant, so sure of ourselves followship, avidness of life, and strenu­ own home, I have certainly had the con­ and defiant of fate. Today we are mor­ ous, and even stormy living." ceit taken out of me. I think the only bidly apprehensive of possible harm to This responsibility is an ever changing people who are perfectly sure what the new being that has come to us. one, as the children grow in years new should be done are those who have nev­ Emotions planted in the breasts of our interests and problems come trooping in er had any practical experience and have first parents and cultivated through ten­ and the parents lose themselves in the worked out their theories in the quiet thousand generations of parenthood sud­ lives of their children and are kept con­ of their own secure, secluded bachelor denly spring into being in us. Fear for stantly young by living in an atmosphere lives. The proverbial "Old-Maid Aunt" our young oppresses the heart and we of romance and achievement. As one is the only one with whom wisdom on are keenly alert to the misery that fate soberly considers the possibilities and this subject will die. However, I may may have in store for us through this responsibilities of helping a little im­ give you several general convictions that babe. * * * * mortal personality achieve its Gad-in­ have been forcing themselves upon me. tended destiny he realizes more fully "With the ecstatic soose of ownership I like the name "Homemaker" which the great need of care and thoughtful­ that comes over us there is also a new ness in the assumption of this God-given you have given to your paper, and also feeling of crushing responsibility. We which is given to the courses in home privilege. There should be special prep­ keep saying to ourselves, 'this child is aration physically, intellectually, and economics. Greater emphasis needs to mine, bone of my bone, and flesh of my be placed on the home and the joy of spiritually for the task. Something es­ flesh, it will bear my name, be part of sentially sweet and ennobling is lost out home making, in this day when so many my home, come to me with its joys, and things are undermining this fundamental of the life forever to one who does not sorrows and troubles. The link is now know the joys and responsibilities of unit of our civilization. If this weakens forged binding us two forever together. and crumbles the whole social structure these intimate relationships in a loving No sorrow or shame or defeat can come home. Children give more to parents must go down. Mr. Forbush has called to one that will not touch the heart of attention to what he speaks of as "the than they take from them. As one has the other; no good things can enter the put it, "only in some sort of parenthood, abiding functions of the home," in which life of the one ·that will not cast its glow he emphasizes the reasons why parents natural or spiritual, does one attain his over the other. Thru all the years to highest social and spiritual experiences." and homes are needed. He finds these come our destinies are joined for good in "the meaning of infancy" and tlie or for ill.'" Several things are emphasized in mod­ vital relation of the parent and home to ern child training that are both hopeful the proper development of the child. This sense of responsibility increases and helpful. The special aim in the dis­ These provide the shelter and nurture when the parent remembers that he ciplining of children is to help them to so greatly needed. It might be possible must guide the development of this child love and to will the best. In other words. to bring children up in institutions and and that the child will be what the par­ ent makes him. The home will supply positive rather than negative aims and yet experience has proven that even the methods are to be used. While the dis­ best conducted orphanage can be no sub­ the atmosphere in which his ideals of right and wrong take shape. Our stand­ cipline of obedience may be necessary stitute for the home. This is true even i!uring the early childhood it should only if there were a mother present for every ards and acts will set the models which will unconsciously be followed by the be in order that the child may become child. The home is where most of the better able later to obey himself. DuBois personal habits are formed. The child young learner. From the environment as quoted by Dr. Forbush puts it strik­ learns largely through imitation. conse­ created there the child will receive the intellectual stimulus of mental growth. inglv thus: " 'I will conquer that child quently the ideals must be created large­ no matter what it costs him,' boasts the lv in the home during the earlier im­ There the child will be led into the paths of religious faith and conduct. misguided parent. But suppose the par­ pressionable years. The child develops ent should say, 'I will help that child to his personal habits and ideals largely The first and most important essen­ conquer himself no matter what it may through imitation of those persons with tial to a happy home will be the proper cost me.'" whom he comes most frequently into attitude of the parents. The completed Such a spirit would put an entirely dif­ contact. It is unfortunate indeed that home needs the loving solicitude and ferent aspect on the problem and certain­ the little ones even in the home should care of both father and mother united ly reveals the attitude necessary to the be turned over to the constant care and in interest for the children. "Children in proper development of the child's per­ association of servants frequently of low the home restore it to its ancient func­ sonality. Indeed, the whole problem is ideals and of no special refinement, and tion. The home becomes not an adult­ one of attitude rather than of r11le or are left to take on the lower forms of centered project but a child-centered maxim, for the essential of a good gov­ culture from these daily associations. one." Parents are taken out of them­ ernment is a good governor. It is not Professor Betts in his admirable little selves and compelled to think of others, right that the parent should force his book "Fathers and Mothers" makes this stirred up by that most potent of forces viewnoint and wishes upon the child re­ beautiful statement as to the importance -parental love. Anxiety and necessity gardless of the child's rights. The child of parenthood: "Being a parent seems combine to keep the parents busy in mu­ may really have the right to disobey. the most simple and most natural thing tual service of this small helpless indi­ After all, character and personality are in the world-for those who have never vidual. As Forbush well puts it "that not. thinl('s nut on from the outside as a which was the quiet shelter of two self­ tried it. But. to one who has looked ~nit of clothes but are rather developed down in awe and woni!er upon that mass contained persons, now becomes a com­ from within by the child. The function of protoplasm and soul that they call a munity, newly related to its members, of the parent is to guide and help the babe, it is different. To him who has calling for talents never before occupied child in this matter. There are several seen in some wee ape the replica of him­ and developing others that are dormant attitudes of the parents that are being and. as never before related to the other self. parenthood is a serious business. PITl nh>~ . Rized in the later discussions that To be responsible for that new life, from world of physicians, nurses, other par­ are very essential. There should be the downy poll to pink toe-nails! To have ents, neighbors, and at length of teach­ snirit of honestv. We need to · be fair brought out of nothingness this little ers, playmates and chums. The scratch­ and thoughtful with the child. "However mortal to try issues with the great ed furniture, the cradle, the porch ham- Continued on page 18) 8 THE IOWA HOMEMAKER

Summer Suppers

By N. Beth Bailey

Associate Professor of Household Science

June and July are happy months for the meal planner. Then it is that we have fresh vegetables, a variety of ber­ A combination vegetable salad provides a satisfying summer meal. ries, some fruits, and plenty of milk and eggs. Little need there is to worry about variety! There is no limit to the combination Potatoes and hard cooked eggs scalloped of ' egetables used. They may be mixed Radishes Onions Summer suppers are restricted in three iu a bowl or served in separate piles as Baking powder biscuits ways. They must be easily prepared, shown in the picture. One thing is nec­ Conserve they must not be too heavy in fats and e:o:sary. A vegetable salad must be well Tea or milk sugars and they must tempt the summer salted and marinated with dressing­ The large !lumber of egg dishes are all appetite. and of course it must be cold! suitable for the summer evening meal. One very satisfactory combinatinn is Creamy omelet with peas a hearty sandwich with a fruit dessert as: String Bean and Raw Grated Beet Salad Rolls Sweet Pickles Bread and butter Club House Sandwich Berry Short Cake Cream Fruit Salad Pickles Coffee Salt wafers Berries Cakes or Tea or Milk Since doctors now tell us to eat some uncooked food each day, we find salads Scrambled eggs with tomato sauce This club house .sandwich may be a fine opportunity for furnishing this Potato chips made with cold sliced veal, pork or raw food. Raw grated turnips, carrots, Bread Pickles tuna, instead of chicken. For each sand­ anti beets are ex-o el!ent. A little grated Fruit wich, toast and butter two slices of brearl. horserndish gives an excellent flavor to Tea or milk On one piece of toast place a slice of the salad dressing used on vegetable and There are other combinations of veget­ cold meat salted well, salad dressing, a meat ~"lads. ables that are quickly prepared from leaf of lettnre. two slices of crisp hot previously cooked vegetables as: bacon. Cover with the other slice of Egg and Nnt Radish Salad toast. Garnish with tomato, pickle or Hot Buttered String Beans New potatoes and peas in cream sauce cucumber. Be sure to serve plenty of Bread Butter Soft cooked eggs Graham bread s·a 1 ~cH1 dressing so that this is not a dry Lemo!1ade Cookies sandwich. With no filling a main conrse Cherry sauce Cookies one needs an acid dessert as the berries or "l1erbert Veal and Cabbage Salad Spinach puffs with cheese sauce Another type of hearty sandwich could Creamed Potatoes Steamed rice be made from cottage cheese. Rolls Pickles Peach pickles Rhubarb Sauce Cookies Nut and Cottage Cheese Sandwiches Tea Pineapple Salad Gherkins Green corn ·and fried bacon scalloped Iced Chocolate Lemon Queens In every menu, one must be sure to Tart apple salad serve some acid to bring out bland fla­ Bread \Vith cottage cheese as a filler, one vors. One also enjoys some form of may add nuts, jam, olives, pickles, cel­ Oatmeal cookies sweet for desert. Too much of either Milk ery. peanut butter or green peppers to sweet or sour is to be avoided, but no give variety. If this filling is thick menu is complete without something If meat is served, it should be served enough, such a sandwich becomes a meat sour and something sweet. only in small amounts. substitute. A casserole dish makes an excellent Jellied veal loaf Potato cakes Of course there is also the hot sand­ main dish for the summer supper. This Mixed pickles wich made by using toast or plain bread may be prepared in the morning and Bread and butter with scrambled eggs, minced meat with set in the ice box until time to put it Fresh fruit salad gravy, hash or similar fillings. These into the oven. Lady fingers are ~erved from a platter by the host In all these menus we have aimed to Cheese and Asparagus Loaf and if well planned are very attractive have: apr] interesting combinations. Cinnamon Rolls Mixed Pickles 1. One or two main dishes of veget- In summer a salad is most appreciated Cream puffs ables and meat or meat substitutes. So one may use a meat, fish, vegetable, Tea or milk 2. Something sour. fruit, or a combination of these as the 3. Something !:'W€et. main dish. 4. A balance of soft and solid foods. Vegetable Salad with Eggs Macaroni and dried beef scalloped 5. No fried or greasy food. Bread Butter Jelly Shredded lettuce 6. No food requiring long oven cook­ Berry Whip Chocolate Cal'e Rolls ery. Tea or Milk Sliced Peaches Wafers 7. A use of reasonable foods. 'P liE IOWA liOMEMAJ(ER 9 Vacation First Aid By DR- MARY SHELDON, Iowa State College Hospital

ITH the approach of the summer burn and protect it from the air. Fur­ A firm pad or even a smooth round ' ·V months and vacations everyone is ther care is probably not needed but stone should be placed over the artery planning how and where to spend these with deeper or intensive burns with above the injury and a band handker­ weeks. blistering or tissue destruction these chief, towel, bandage or whatever is at A large · proportion of the girls will dressings should be used only as a tem­ hand is wrapped once or twice around want to spend at least a part of the va­ porary treatment until medical aid can the limb over the pad and tied loosely. cation months in a girls' camp or with be secured. Always remember that in A stick is put thru the loose band and some other camping party in the woods every burn, due to whatever cause, use twisted around until the blood flow near a lake or stream. For these who care in removing clothing. Do not pull ceases. A tourniquet should be loosened will be more or less removed from the off the dressing from the burned surface, as soon as possible because tissue death usual home treatment for emergencies a cut it away leaving the portion on the will result from prolonged obstruction to few hints on first aid may be useful. In burn to be loosened with oil and re­ circulation. It may be left in place and this it will be well to limit the subject moved. Never dress a burn with cot­ tightened again if hemmorhage recurs. matter to the common ails and accidents ton next to the surface as this is dif· Constriction at the base of a finger by occurring on summer vacation trips. ficult to remove entirely. a rubber band or bandage will check ex­ Fainting is as frequent as under other Heat exhaustion may occur after ex­ cessive bleeding distal to it. A tight living conditions. If a girl feels that she posure to excessive heat. Weakness and bandage around the head, over the tem­ is about to faint she may prevent it by depression but not unconsciousness are ples and forehead just above the ears sitting down, folding the arms across symptoms of this condition. The face will control hemmorhage from the scalp. the abdomen. bending the body forward is pale and the pulse weak. Have the In locations where other means are im­ so that the head hangs as low as pos­ patient lie down in as cool place as pos­ practical pressure may be applied di­ sible between her knees and taking a sible. Give cold water in small quan­ rectly over the site of injury and the deep breath. This forces the blood to the tities. Tea, coffee, or aromatic spirits hemmorhage checked. brain and restores the patient to normal. of ammonia may be given as stimulants. Artificial respiration. It will be wise A person who has fainted should be A greater degree of this condition is sun for each person to keep in mind one placed on her back with her head, low, stroke but fortunately it is not common method of artificial respiration· which clothes should be loosened. aromatic under the circumstances we are con­ ~an be used at any time and in any place. spirits of ammonia may be inhaled and sidering. Insensibility, hot,. dry skin, This will be imperative in case o! fail­ the face and neck bathed with cold dilated eyes, labored breathing and slow ure of respiration from drowning, from water. There should be no crowding pulse are found in sun stroke. A doctor inhalation of gas, or from electric shock. aronnd the patient for she needs all the should be called immediately but while The patient is laid on his stomach face fresh air that she can get. awaiting his arrival the patient should turned to one side so that the nose and be laid in a cool place and cold applied Insect 'bites and sti ngs demand imme­ mouth are not covered. his arms extend­ to the body either by cold bathing or diate treatment for relief of pain. Bathe ed bevond his head. The operater kneels the part in ammonia water and apply wrapping in cold wet sheets. No stimu­ astride the patients thighs facing the lants should be used unless under med­ cold wet packs. Wet salt makes a satis­ natient's head. The operator places his factory dressing. ical direction. hand with the palm over the short ribs Wounds may vary in kind being cut, of the patient. he brings his body and Poisoning from oak or ivy is common torn or punctured depending on the Rhoulders forward letting his weight in most localities and varies with the agent causing the injury. It is of first "ause pressure in a vntical line from susceptibility of the individual. The first importance that you do not touch a his shoulders to his wrists. This pres­ appearance of· the skin irritation comes wound with your hands and so not wash ""re is gradually increased for two or from direct contact with the poisoning it as by this means pus forming organ­ t.l,rpe seconds. compressing the patient's leaf. Early in the disease one may car­ isms may be washed into and not out ~hest and forcing air from the lungs. ry the infection from one part of the the wound. There is the danger also of The weight and pressure is suddenly re­ body to another by scratching. The skin organisms present in the water used moved and the chest expands and air is irritated and swollen and blisters may and these might be the cause of infec­ rnshes in. This should be carried on form. The pain and itching is intense. tion. To slight injuries not involving rhythmically at the rate of twelve to fif­ The parts should be thoroly washed with tissnes deeper than the skin. tincture of teen per minute. Restoration by artifi· lime water or a saturated solution of iodine applied, a sterile gauze over the cial respiration ·should not be given up boric acid. The surface is then dried wounrl and outside of this absorbant cot­ as nselesR only after one and one-half and the inflamed areas smeared with ton. if needed on account of bleeding. hours. When the patient begins to zinc oxide ointment or instead carbol­ ~nrl a bandage to hold all in place is all breathe he should be watched carefully ized vaseline may be used. A thin cloth that is necessary. A sterile dressing and artificial means again used if he should cover this but not a heavy dress­ may be applied to any wound as a tempo­ "t"nc; breathing. Hot water bottles and ing as no more heating should be caused rarv one until medical aid is secured. blankets should be used as soon as than can be avoided. Bleeding is the common accompani­ nossible. A hot drink such as coffee Sunburn is a most frequent discomfort ment of all wounds being greatest in in­ should be given when the patient is able of the first days in camp. As a protec­ cised wounds and least in puctured to swallow. He should be allowed- ab­ tion against the sun's rays a good pow­ ones. A moderate amount of bleeding is solute rest until he r ecovers from this der dusted on the skin will help to a beneficial as by this means, dirt, and condition. limited degree. To sooth the skin after germs may be carried out of the wound. For comfort in moving a patient with burning has occurred a toilet cream will Pressure caused by the dressings is a fracture or otherwise injured arm a be of value. Vaseline plain or carbolized enough to control ordinary bleeding but sling may be improvised to hold the arm may also be used. A preparation of two unchecked hemmorhage will lead to great still by using the sleeve of the garment parts of olive oil and one part lime weakness and even loss of life. Con­ worn if wrist length and of fairly firm water is a good application for sunburn­ striction of circulation by pressure over material. Place the forearm across the ed skin. Frequent use of water on the the vessel leading to the site of injury hreast so that it lies at right angles to burned surface will be more harmful will check the hemmorhage. This may the upper arm. The arm and hand should than beneficial. be done by deep continuous pressure lie so that the thumb is up. Now pin H eat burns. These vary in degree of over the blood vessel by the thumb or the sleeve securely to the blouse so that severity. The least severe ones, causing fingers. But an easier and better way the arm is held in position by the sleeve only a · reddening of the skin, can be to control it for any long period of time as a support. covered with a paste of baking soda and is by applying a tourniquet. This may A rolled blanket or coat makes a very water and a clean dressing applied. Car­ be used to check hemmorhage from an acceptable splint for an injured leg. The bolized vaseline, olive oil, or even fresh injury on either the upper or lower ex­ splint should be placed beside the in­ lard or cream will serve as a satisfac­ tremities, and these are the most com­ jured member and tied to it by strips of tory dressing with which to cover the mon sites of such needs. (Continued on page 19) 10 T li.E IOWA HOMEMAKER

Old Main and the I. A. C. Cadet Corps. Episodes Concerning Evolution of Home Economics By RUTH ELAINE WILSON

I. VERYTHING has an infancy. It is one pantry. It would be useless for you to the first lectures in Home Eeonomics E of the inevitable laws of a well or­ object. The work was required and of were far from that. They were an event dered universe. I wonder sometimes if course you were paid for it, the stupend­ and something which the I. S. C. student those of us who evolve so easily, or so ous sum of nine cents an hour. There would define as "unique in the history of otherwisely, thru the courses in cookery, would ocasionally be a day when you the college." Incidentally it was the first . chemistry, dietetics, or design, ever won­ were not entirely enthusiastic over the "short course," but it differed much der concerning the babyhood of Home task and Mary Lovelace found dust in from those of the present day. It was Economics; out of what she grew; when the corners and you were docked to a series of talks given to the seniors of she first stood alone on her two wobbl­ three cents . an hour! If you had the the class of '73. It proved to be great ing legs; her fir.st uncertain steps. poor taste to remark that you didn't cai·e success and thereafter such instruction Now, if you lived in say eighteen-seven­ for the work, you learned that it pro­ was given to the upper class women. ty and wore a steel bustle, a basque, and vided "healthful exercise, change of Presently to these lectures were added your hair in rouleaux and had the cour­ thought and useful experience." demonstration lessons and laboratory age and persistence to attend a college This was the obscure beginning of work. Imagine Mrs. Pearson's dismay at all, had you thought where you. would Home Economics at Iowa State College. .if you were to hold your demonstration live? I am certain you haven't Well, The plan was adapted from the Mt. Holy­ lessons in her kitchen, the approximate you will find your headquarters on the oke or Mary Lyon method and it endured ·thousand of you! Yet these first lessons second flood of old Main Building. "Old until the boarders in "Old Main" be­ were given in Mrs. Welch's own home Main" was a large brick and stone af­ came so numerous as to require regular­ and private kitchen .. affair which stood on the very site from ly employed help. Later a kitchen was fitted up in the which central now raises her geeD. dome, Home Economics or more properly and basement for the girls and the dishes and was the very nucleus of the college according to that time "Domestic Econ­ prepared were served from table to table itself. Most of your class room work omy," first stood upright assisted by the by the students to their fellows in the would be done there. You would go to steadying hand of Mrs. Mary Welch, Mrs. dining room. In this way the boys re­ the basement for your meals and you Welch, whose husband was Iowa State ceived "rare treats" and were no doubt would casually refer to the top floor as College's first president, was at this thoroly convinced of the need for "Do­ "Freshman Heaven"-the freshmen boys time assisting as teacher and frequently mestic Economy." occupied this entire floor. as preceptress. A resourceful, far-seeing Sometime later the Domestic· depart­ I may not guess how you would spend woman, a model housekeeper and an ment moved into South hall, not the all the hours of your day, but I can tell ideal hostess, she felt the value to wo­ brick and mortar vision which the name you with annoying certainty how you men of domestic accomplishments. conjures for you, but a vastly different would spend two of them: keeping the We sit in lectures, day after day taldng affair of wood, previously used as the halls tidy or assisting in the kitchen and them quite as ·a matter of course, but president's residence. THE IOWA HOMEMAil.ER 11

For ten years Mrs: Welch worked with the department to South hall their knowl­ Chorus: her girls and then in 1883 she resigned edge of the doings of the department Will that be the end, Sadie, will that and the work was continued by Emma had been seriously limited. They were be the end? P. Ewing, well known lecturer and obliged to keep on the sunny side of the 'Vill Prexy want to see us? Will you writer on cookery. For five years she senior girls in order to keep in touch and I suspend? taught regular classes in the few rooms with the work the "ladies' course" was Does the ray thru yonder lattice no evil of South hall. doing. History tells us that they man­ portend? Then the position was again vacant, aged it somehow. When we say good night, Sadie, will that this time to be filled by Mrs. Elisa Owens, Again, expand your imagination and be the end? a slim dark woman with much talent oall on Prexy to ask if you and the "man" and vision, began her campaign for en­ can walk to Ames. to church this Sun­ Hold to my coat sleeve, Sadie, while yet largement immediately. Eventually she day night. They did it-then. And you can, added to the cooking proper more din­ would you believe it, they didn't always The short remaining space too soon we ing rotm wcr:[ and a course in house san­ get back on time! Witness this outburst will have spanned, itation and personal hygiene. One of of a "noble senior" of the class of '94, From some great clog, Sadie, with P-ase the deans urged that she put in millinery, composed involutarily while returning I'd you defend, but she replied that since the appropria­ to Old Main from church at Ames ( ?) one But if you run against a Prof., Sadie, will tion was not large enough to gi.ve her Sunday evening with a- a- companion: that be the end? even one assistant she could not pos­ sibly include it. "This is really Domestic Outburst Chorus: Economy," Mrs. Owens said "for I have Light in the darkness, Sadie, day is at P ut your hand in mine, Sadie, it seems $300 to run us on this year." This was hand to give me strength, in 1893. But just beyond the Farmhouse there Trees and campus all so lonesome soon And would you believe that at about the building doth stand. are passed at length. this time the boys became so interested Short has seemed our journey, Sadie, Up the d~ rk stairs, Sadie, we will <>oon that they actually tried to classify in the s'teps we'll soon ascend ascend, some of the courses they were pleased But within the Old Main, Sadie, will But rnvcat is on my brow, Sadie. Will to call "dough?" Since the removal of that be the end? that be t11 e end ?- L. C.

Extravagant Economies By BLANCHE INGERSOLL, Assistant Professor of Household Science

WOMAN on our street who "can't af­ Sumo economies have a way of chang­ for car fare and a quarter to the girl A ford" to have her washing clone, ing character almost over night. An econ­ who stays with the children while you spends hours washing out a few things omy one day may be extravagance a He gone? It is always a good plan to at a time at a considerable expenditure fe\Y clays afterwards. There is a defi­ sele-ct your own perishables and to get of energy~ She could hire her washing nite time when old potatoes cease to be acquainted with the stores occasionally, clone by the local "cull'ed lady" for one an economy and become an extravagance but unless the store is just around the dollar, and with the same time and en­ because of the amount of waste, and al­ corner, very few women can afford to do ergy could save many dolars by inaking so because the flavor is so poor that no all of their shopping in person. her little girl's dresses instead of buying one wants to eat them. At tlie same time This question of time is a most im­ them ready made. Thus her pet econ­ new potatoes-altho they may cost more portant one. Do you consider it worth omy is in reality an extravagance. per pound-are the best to buy because your while to spend an hour or more Pet economies are funny things. A they have very litte waste and everyone making a freezer full of ice cream which real economy in one family or one town enjoys the new, fresh flavor. will cost you only five or ten cents a may be sheer extravagance in another. Every housekeeper should do a little quart less than the commercial ice It might be a good plan to look your pet detective work and investigate the r eal cream-and perhaps not as good. economies in the face. Turn them around character of her economies. The follow­ ·On the other hand it is not very much and view them from the rear. Punch ing 'lines of investigation might be sug­ worth while to make potato ·chips at a them and knock the wind out of them. gested: total cost of 12 cents a pound, when the In short-find out whether they are real Do you economize by buying a large commercial product sells for 15 cents a economies, or merely luxuries in dis­ quantity of one variety of food, and then bag or one dollar a pound-eight times guise. And then ]{eep everlastingly at it, serve it so often that your family not as much as the homemade product? for economies are changeable- they vary only refuses that food but demands more expensive foods by way of reaction? Is it a waste of time to make brown with the seasons. sug-ar syrup at a cost of four or five cents For example: the first strawberries Do you buy inferior or small prunes a pint rather than to use the table syrup or green peas on the market are always because they are cheap and then won­ which sells for nearly 50 cents a pint? a luxury, not only because they are ex­ der why your family begs for grapefruit? Give your family the two kinds at one pensive, but because they lacl{ the flavor Try buying a good grade of 30-40 prunes time without telling them which is of the same foods in season. People who and watch them disappear; 80-90 prunes which and see if you don't get more votes are accustomed to out of season straw­ are not cheap at any price if you throw for your own syrup. berries, tire of them before the real sea­ part of them away and make your fam­ Do you talk about the high cost of liv­ ily hate prunes in the bargain. son rolls around, hence they never buy ing and at the same time buy rolls which them at their best and do not realize Do you buy a cheap cut of round steak are twi-ce as expensive as bread when you that they are cheating themselves out and then add butter and tomato and figure the cost per ounce? of a real delicacy. onion and flour and use a great deal of Do you buy meat at an unsanitary mar­ On the other hand it is not always gas and time making a Swiss steak? Fig­ ket or milk at a questionable dairy just economy to wait until home grown things ure the cost of the finished product and because their prices are lower, and then are on the market. People living on see if a sirloin stew or top round would bemoan the fact that you have to spend farms often feel that they cannot afford not be just as cheap in the end. so much for doctor bills because someone lettuce and spinach and tomatoes until Do you buy "just a few chops for din­ in the family "just isn't strong?" they have them in their own gardens. ner" at 30 cents a pound without real­ Do you boast that you always USfl X­ Everyone needs the fresh green vege­ izing that these same chops will cost all brand peaches when a second or even tabls for a spring tonic in the early days the way from 53 cents to 85 cents a pound third grade would do just as well, and of spring. Is it not much cheaper-to say ty the time they are ready to serve, and cost about half as much, when you are nothing of being more agreeable td buy the bone-at 30 cents a pound-is re­ making a sherbet or gelatine dish? fresh green vegetables on the market posing in the garbage can? Do you buy dried beef in a glass at than to pay a doctor to tell you to buy a Do you trade at a cash and carry store, $1.28 a pound-2¥2 ounces for 20 cents­ tonic for that tired feeling? saving 15 cents, with a cost of 10 cents (Continued on page 19) 12 THE IOWA HOMEMAJ(ER Breakfast Bridge By ELEANOR MURRAY

'"ERE I a bride, I should want it to be the last day of May that I might have June breakfasts. A tiny painted table, some gay little curtains, a yellow song canary and a bowl of lavender and pink sweet peas would make food a very minor consider?tion. But even so, ordL· nary toast would take on a certain -charm if served on the painted table and cinna­ mon toast and fresh strawberries would be Utopia in breakfasts.. "Remember, though," whispers my long-ago Puritan grandmother, "one can't always be a bride and June will run quickly into July and November and even January, and by then food will be very important." My Puritan grandmother · always irri­ tates me-possibly because she's always right. Thus I retort to her. Delightful as honeymoon breakfasts in June can be there are other purposes for breakfasts in June and thru all the sum­ mer months. Best among these purposes is that breakfast which serves as a means of comfortably entertaining when the thermometer os-cillates between ninety and a hundred under a shady tree. So- if you play bridge, and your friends play bridge, and most people and their friends do, entertain in your origi­ nal way with a Breakfast Bridge. For the hot months breakfast is most desirable in preference to luncheon. It is always more adapted to the modern woman's need and to her home than the luncheon. It is much less formal, and altho it may be served any time before 1, is preferable at 10 or 11. The hostess ries with stems, fresh pineapple points, guests in a good mood for the bridge can prepare almost completely early in red or black raspberries, watermelon game. the morning before the house is hot and balls or cubes, canteloupe or sliced the actual serving will be over before From this extreme, the more formal the day, the house or the guests are very peaches will all make tasty, attractive breakfast, we come to the simpler and hot. Then in amiable moods can the par­ appetizers. Peaches, canteloupe or water­ more intimate little breakfast. This sort ty readily adapt themselves from brea)!:­ melon may be cut with French fruit cut­ is appropriate for four or six guests on fast at small tables to bridge at the same ters into interesting shapes and forms. the porch Sunday morning. Such a small tables. If one lives where fresh fish are abun­ breakfast must, of course, have a fruit Th_e breakfast, like the luncheon, may dant browned brook trout or fillet of fish start, which may be followed with waf­ be either formal or informal. The for­ make a delectable separate fish course fles baked on an electric iron at the ta­ mal breakfast is the same as the formal or may be used in place of meat in the ble or in the kitchen if one has a maid, lun-cheon, but it is not quite so desirable main course. Fish, however, should not but waffles must never be served if the for_ hot weather entertaining as it re­ be served if one does not Jive in a fish hostess must be in the kitchen and can­ qUires more work both in preparation country where they can be obtained ahso­ lutely fresh. Young frogs legs, if possi­ not enjoy or be enjoyed by her guests. and serving. The informal breakfast is Small sausages and maple syrup with best and can be as simple or elaborate as ble, or fried spring chicken are very good one chooses. The joy in the whole thin"' for the main course. Creamed meats­ little cookies for dessert form a most de­ is that the personality and individualit; but they seem more wintry- on toast or sirable breakfast. of the hostess ma,y have full swing. in patty cases may be used (always re­ Puffy omelet with crisp bacon or broiled membering that creamed meats must be A screened porch that loolrs out on a ham is a good substitute for waffles and served in or on something- never alone). sausages. With this may be served blue­ green lawn or a flower garden is the ide'tl Baked sweetbreads are especially good as setting, but even just a dining room if are lamb chops or steaks, but heavy berry muffins, or if blueberries cannot ~t's cool and has crisp curtains blowlng meats must be avoided. Spring is too be procured large sultana raisins or other m a breeze that carries a delicious mix­ light and airy for heavy food and sum­ berries may be substituted or plain muf­ ture of flower odors, cannot help but mer much too languid. fins served with some of the new straw­ charm even the most particular of With the meat may be served cr eamed berry sunshine or raspberry marmalade guests. With small tables, white lunch just made yesterday. cloths and many, many flowers, most new potatoes, creamed new peas · or as­ anyone will enjoy even a hot morning. paragus; in fact, any new seasonable The principal delight about this meth­ vegetable from one's very own garden if od of entertaining is that the hostess Any breakfast menu, whether elabor­ possible. ate or formal or delightfully simple and may serve whatever she can best prepare, informal, should start with fruit, and a Salad may or may not be served- a her specialty, and make it truly her own color s-cheme suggested by the fruit may light watercress or shredded lettuce with individual breakfast so distinctively be carried out thru the entire breakfast the main course. Rolls, little baking "her" that an invitation is anticipated with both food and flowers. Some deli­ powder biscuits or muffins are much and heartily accepted. Always attempt cio~Js fruit is always in season during more desirable than plain bread. to get away from the hackneyed. People sprmg and summer. Big juicy straw­ Any frozen dessert, a sherbet or ice, will eat toast and porridge at home. berries with their hulls, bright red cher- not too heavy, and coffee will put the Make it original. 1' H E I 0 W A II 0 M E M A I( E R 13 Who's There and Where

CONSTRUCTED CRANFORD Mrs. Sutton attended Monticello sem­ TO CONDUCT EUROPEAN TOUR APARTMENTS inary and graduated in March, 1923, Mr. and Mrs. Lambert (Joe an Velsar), Miss Aida Wilson, who writes for this from the Home Economics Department class ol '9 0, will conduct another party issue of the Iowa Homemaker on inter­ of Iowa State. to Europe this summer. ior decoration, graduated from the Civil Mr. Sutton who graduated from the engineering department in 1895. She is Mechanical Engineering division of Iowa. June Wallace, whose home is in Min­ the sister of Mrs. Charles Curtiss, and State, is now with the Western Electric neapolis spent several weeks in Ames. is now living in Ames doing home archi­ Company of Chicago. After the first of June Mr. and Mrs. tectural work. Miss Edith Thomas of the applied arts After graduation from Iowa State, Miss Sutton will be at home at 5956 Fulton Street, Chicago. department has recently accepted the Wilson went to Chicago as a draughts­ position. of the head of the arts depart­ man. Later she graduated from the Bos­ ment at Purdue next year. ton School of Technology in architecture EMMA BOYD JONES VISITS AMES and then worked for a number of years Mrs. Emma Boyd Jones of the class Elizabeth Peterson, '23, has signed a as an architect in New York. At a num­ of '92, whose home is in Chicago, spent ber of times she traveled in Europe, contract with the Pocohontas High several days in Ames with her mother, school to teach H ome Economics and studying architecture and designing. who was threatened W\ith pneumonia. Miss Wilson built Miss Maria Roberts' Mrs. Jones has three children. Clyde, direct the orchestra. home, and recenty reconstructed it for Jr., completes his sophomore year at the Mohawk fraternity. She also de­ Yale and Helen enters Smith in the fall. MORTAR BOARD AND JACK signed and constructed the Cranford Clarence, the youngest of the three, will O'LANTERN PLEDGE Apartments. begin preparatory school at Hill School, At the spring pledging of Mortar Tottstown, Pa. Board and Jack O'Lantern the following NEWS FROM KAY SHULTZ Mrs. Jones, while in Ames, entertain­ girls were pledged: Katheryn Schultz, '22, writes from ed some of her old college friends at Jack O'Lantern: Paula Braunlick, Mil­ Tokepa Kansas, where she has been the Maples-Mr!>. Beardshear, Mrs. Min­ dred Boyt, Helen Oldham, Mary Reed, teaching foods and having charge of the ta Tilden Macey, Mrs. Julia Stanton, and Reva Pierce, Nelle Taylor, Pauline May, college cafeteria: three of her own classmates, Miss Kittie Margaret Brookhart, Georgia Easter, "I expect you are all getting ready to B. Freed, Mrs. Jennie Morrison Beyer, Agnes Noble, Doris Anderson, Josephine study for finals. They are here too. and Prof. L. B. Spinney. McMullen, Alma Boyce, Nancy Elliot, Regular classes are over this week and Helen Keller, Leorra Porter, Agnes next week is devoted to final exams. I RETURNS TO JAPAN IN THE FALL Crane. teach my last college class this after­ Mrs. Minta Tilden Macey, whose hus­ Mortar Board: Dorothy Cass, Marcella. noon, except for my classes in summer band is doing engineering work in Japan, Dewell, Mary Heald, Claire Youngclass, school. Next year I'm not going to teach where she and her children were last Medora Grandprey, Katherine Goepppin­ at all. I am to have charge of the cafe­ year, is now living in Ames. Mr. Macey ger, Jean MacFarland, Helen, Herr, teria and the dining room and kitchen in will sail for the United States, June 8. Llyra. Price. Benton Hall, the new women's dormi­ Their daughter will continue her studies tory. at Iowa State when they return to Japan Am teaching cooking and sewing in in the fall. BIG SISTER CHIEF ELECTED summer school besides running the cafe­ Helen Oldham was elected Big Sister teria, and I will be here until August 8." DEAN HARWOOD ANNOUNCES EN­ Chief for the next fall with Mary Reid as GAGEMENT Assistant Chief. Helen was a member Hazel M. Harwood, dean of women, of freshman commission, president .cted as hostess at a party given at her Women's Guild, and activo in Y. W. C. A. Miss Eda Lord Murphy, head of the home on the campus recently, where institutional tea room, will not be here she announced before her many friends during the coming fall. She expects to her engagement to Dr. H. E. Beemis, WOMEN ADMITTED TO CARDINAL study at Columbia University, New York vice dean of the veterinary division. City. Miss Murphy will be on tJ:ie · fac­ During the party a tea wagon literally The Cardinal Guild is now an all col­ ulty of the University of Virginia at buried in premier roses was ushered in­ lege representative body. Six woman Charlottesville during both of the sum­ to the midst of the guests, and Verna have recently been admitted to member­ mer school sessions. She has not re­ Hunter, H. Ec. '23 was, asked to read ship: two representatives from Women's signed from the Iowa State faculty, but the diploma that was concealed in the Guild, one from the Y. W. C. A., the exJ?ects to return later in the year. bed of fragr:mce. The diploma told of president of the Home Economics club, Dean Harwood's completion of a four a representative from Women's Athetic year course as dean of women at Iowa HARRIMAN-SUTTON fraternity and one from the Iowa Home­ State, and announced her engagement to maker staff. The announcement has just been made Dr. Beemis. of the marriage of Dorothy May Harri­ Among the guests present were the THETA SIGMA PHI INITIATES man to Walter Merwyn Sutton on April chaperones and one member from each 28. Mrs. Sutton is the daughter of Mrs. sorority and dormitory, the Woman's Theta Sigma Phi, national honorary W. E. Harriman of Ames and grand­ Guild board, and the housing committee. journalistic fraternity for woman, an­ daughter of former Senator W. F . Harri­ Dean Harwood came to Iowa State nounces the initiation of Ruth Elaine man. The Rev. H . E. Harned, fraternity four years ago from Columbia Univer­ Wilson, and Mildred Boyt. brother of the groom, performed the sity. Before this she had attended the ceremony at the home of the bride's University of Illinois, where she had Verna Hunter, president of the Wo­ sister, Mrs. Raymond Curtis Jones of also acted as an instructor and sorority men's Guild this year, was elected May Clinton. chaperone. Queen. 14 THE IOWA IIOMEMAKER

IN OUR NEXT THE lOW A HOMEMAKER [n these prosperous and flourishing days for Home "A Magazine For Homemakers From a Homemakers' School" Economics at Iowa State, when we number more students than any other Home Economics school in the country, VOL. Ill JUNE-JULY, 1923 N0.3-4 when the state board of education has just provided the building of. a new Eome Economics building and the pur­ chase of added equipment, the Homemaker wishes to re­ Published by the Home Economics Students of Iowa State Col­ lege, Ames, Iowa. Price $1.50 per year. Ad- mind you how it all began. How did it all happen 1 That vertising rates on. application is what we will tell you in a series of articles by Ruth· Entered as second class matter at the post office, Ames, Iowa Elaine Wilson, entitled ''Episodes Concerning the Evolu­ tion of Home Economics,'' sti.!.rting in this 'issue. And there are more good things to offer. "Who is PUBLICATION BOARD-Dean Anna E. Richardson; Prof. F. W. Beckman, Miss Florence Busse, Mrs. Frank Kerekes, responsible for the child?.'' The relation of parents to Jeanette Beyer, Agnes Noble, Laura Bublitz, Esther Pond. their children is a question about which we all have. our secret theories. In this issue, Dr. Cessna., an eminent EDITO~IAL STAFF-Jeanette Beyer, editor; Eleanor Murray, associate editor; Kathrine Goeppinger, associate editor; Mar­ psychologist and a father discusses it. In the following ce~la De~ell, art editor; Clara Jordan, Rose Storm, Opal numbers we shall hear from a mother, bachelor, bachelor Wllld, Mildred Boyt, Juanita Beard, Lucile Barta, Hr!len maid, and teacher. Reidy, Helen Lamb, Grata Thorn, Grace Borland. BUSINESS STAI<'F-Agnes Noble, manager; Reva Pierce, Cly­ dena Stanword, Lucille Brickner, Marjorie Jay, Bertha .San· LIFE'S GIFTS voldt, Katherine Goeppinger. "I saw a woman sleeping-. In her sleep she dreamt CIRCULATION STAFF- Laura E. Bublitz, manager; •Eveleth Life stood before her, and held in each hand a g-ift-in Pedersen. Paula Braunlick, LJ.vra Price Pearl Brown Marian Wilson, Mildred Krebs, Clare Yungclas;, Myrne Hend;·y, Alma the one LoYe, in the other Freedom. Aucl she said to Kalsem, Ethel Butcher, Viola Reynolds, Esther Pond, the woman, ''Choose!'' Florence Hahn, Marcella Dewell. And the woman waited long; and she· said, "Free­ dom!" MARY B. WELCH FOUNDER OF HOME ECONOMICS And I,ife said, '' 'l'bou hast. well chosen. If thou At the northwest corner of the college campus, .·ur­ hadst said, '!.Jove,' I would have given thee that thou roundeu by an open field. and. summer woods, lies the didst ask for; and I would have gone from thee, and re­ college cemetery. There, shaded by tall old trees, were turned to thee no more. Now, the day will come when placed the ashes of Mrs. Mary B. Welch, brought from I shall return. In that day I shall bear both gifts in San Francisco, Calif., where she died early in January. one hand. Mrs. Welch, wife of the first president of Iowa State I heard the woman laugh in her sleep." College, established at I ow a State, in 1872, the first -From Dreams by Olive Schreiner. classes in "Domestic science" ever taught in an estab­ lished college. She was a won~an of refinement culture ancl grace; a piOneer. leader )n education, and' a true ' 'l'his bit of verse is inspired by a message sent to a homemaker. stuuent of Iowa State College by a woman in California, As the officia 1 publication of the Division of Home a former resident of Iowa whose family had driven thru Economics, the Iowa Homemaker wishes to acknowledge to the Coast. thr. great debt which we of the present day, with all our The farm home had been sold, loved household goods splendid opportunities, owe to Mrs. Welch, the woman and chattels had gone ''under the hammer,'' good-byes who founded it all. had been said to old friends, and the family were started on their long trip to a new home. BE IT EVER SO HUMBLE- '!'heir route led thru Ames and they reached. the As the poet leaves to the ages his immortal poem the Campus one Sunday evening in June as the chimes were musician his song that cannot die, aud the painte; his playing. master canvas, so docs the homemaker build her home as All her life this woman had heard of Ames and had a statue or monument, a creation made with her own longed to visit the college, but hers had been a life of hands which she may leave to posterity. devotion to the duties that confront an Iowa farm mother; And the homemaker knows that it isn't the house, but her stay on the campus was brief, she beard the chimes it is the spirit of the people that live in the house that once but they gave her a memory. makes the happy home. For the poorest shack may house Ring out, ye bells, thruout the air, more peace and contentment than the most luxurious Carry your message everywhere, mansion. 'l'he test of whether your home is successful is A message of peace, of love, of joy, not the number of rooms you have, the part of town in A golden message without alloy. which :von live, or whether your floors are covered with oriental rugs. But rather, does your family love its Ring out, ye bells, thru all the years, home, are they happy and contented in it, do they bring Ring out to all the listening ears, thPir fricn0s there, and are they eager to return to it~ To ears that listen and then thru time Homemaking- is an enterprise and an art which Shall hear the sound of your sweet chime. demands the very best which two lives can bring. 'l'o construct the masterpiece requires enthusiastic an.CL eon­ Ring out, 0 bells, across the green! scions effort, untiring devotion, thoughtful consideration, The bird, the bush, the running stream skill, and hearty cooperation. When the homemaker ban­ All turn to music and seem to tell ishes casualness and strives for her ideal, then indeed, will That God is good, and'' AU is well.'' there be ''no place like home.'' -Faith Joy West. THE IOWA HOMEMAil.ER 15

COMPOSITION OF APPLES APPLE AND WALNUT PIE CONDENSED MILK Are apples a foud necessity? What is their Will you please send me a recipe for a good Does condensed milk contain proper nourish~ exact composition 1 variation of plain apple pie? ment for a child? Apples are a food necessity and should Apple and walnut pie is a very good No, it contains sugar for its preserva­ be eaten freely, especially during Winter desert and a variation of plain apple pie. tion and when diluted it has no nourish­ and Spring. They are composed of: Wa­ The recipe is as follows: ment and very few vitamines. ter, 72.4%; carbohydrates, 10.8%; free 7'4 cup water extracts, 0.4%; cellulose, 2.7%; sugar, 112 cup sugar PREVENTING "CURLY EDGE" RUGS 12.0%; protein 0.3%; fats, .0.4%; acids 4 apples How may rugs be pt·evented from curling up 1.0%. The proportions of the mineral 1,6 cup walnut meats at the edges? content in the total ash (about0.2% of 2 tbsp, lemon juice Sew to the under side of each corner, the apple) are as follows: potassium, 1 tsp. butter a triangular piece of corrugated rubber 35; sodium 26, calcium4, magnesium 9, Dates in which holes have been punched to iron 1.4. Boil water and sugar three minutes. permit the passage .of a needle. Wipe, pare and cut apples in eighths, re­ SORGHUM AND MOLASSES move core and cook a few at a time in REMOVING SUN STREAKS Is it better to use sorghum or molasses in the syrup until transparent. Wash, re­ My ecru curtains are Streaked from the sun. recipes where either may be used? move stones and cut dates in strips; What can I do to restore them when I launder As a general rule better products are there should be two-thirds cup. Line them? obtained by using sorghum than by using pie plate with plain paste, cover with Try laundering your curtains carefully molasses. one-half the walnut meats broken in and drying them in the shade. If they pieces and one-half the dates. Cover are still streaked after laundering, they COCOA AND CHOCOLATE with remanung apples, walnuts and may be bleached by Javelle water and dates, pour on the lemon juice and dot dipped in tea for a yellow color, coffee for What is the difference between cocoa and cho­ colate aside .from the fact that cocoa is powder­ with butter and any remaining syrup. a deeper yellow, or ochre-powder solution ed while chocolate comes in a cake? Cover with pastry and bake in a moder­ for a tan color. Ochre-powder may be Cocoa is chocolate with one-half the ate oven 45 minutes. obtained at any drug ~tore and made fat removed and it is then powdered. A into a solution of the desired strength. Javelle water is prepared as follows: Dis­ good cocoa should be a reddish brown HOME ECONOMICS PUBLICATIONS color, while chocolate is a dark brown solve one pound of washing soda in one Will you please send me the name of the color. publishers by whom Miss Rosemond Cook'• two quart of cold water. To this solution books, uconstructive Processes in Sewing for add one-fourth pound of ordinary bleach­ Junior High School.. and "Sewing Recipes" are ing powder (calcium hypochlorite). Fil­ WIDTH OF CURTAINS to be published ? ter this liquid through a piece of muslin 1 am making some new curtains for my home These books are to be publishel by the and would like to know what is the correct to remove the sediment which remains. amount of material to allow for the width Manual Arts Press, Peoria,Illinois. Keep the clear liquid in tightly stoppered of the curtains in proportion to the widh of the bottles. windows. CANNING POWDERS A thin curtain should be one and one­ MENU FOR JUNIOR-SENIOR What are canning powders? Are they safe half times the width of the window, while BANQUET a heavy curtain is narrower, the fullness to use in canning? In general, it is not advisable to use Will you suggest a menu for a Junior-Senior varying in inverse ratio to the weight of banquet? the curtain. canning compounds for human consump­ tion. Some of them contain boric acid Fruit Cocktail Jellied Veal New Potatoes in Cream COLD PACK CANNING and salt and have been found to be in­ jurious to animal life. Buttered Green String Beans I am writing a paper on "Cold Pack Canning" Hot •Rolls Sweet Gherkins nnd would appreciate it very much if you would inform me as to its origin and the principle in­ Pistachio Salad Salt Wafers volved. GREEN AND BLACK TEA Ice Cream Cup· Cakes Nicholas Appert, a French chemist, in How are teas treated to make them green and . Coffee 1810 published experiments concerning black? Fruit cocktail- pears shredded and grape­ the method of canning which today we Green tea is tea steamed and dried fruit with a green marachino cherry call "cold pack method." He heated the when fresh, while black tea is tea fer­ on top. food, packed it in sterile bottles, and ster­ mented or oxidized, changing its color Jellied veal-with strips of green pepper ilized it in a water bath. Today the food and flavor and reducing the amount of cut in it. It may be served either is blanched and cold dipped, packed in a tannic acid. hot or cold. jar and sterilized in a water bath, a New potatoes- in cream sauce with par­ steamer or a pressure cooker, and then WOOD TRIM OF ROOMS sley cut up and sprinkled· over the sealed. What is your idea about the wood trim of a top just before serving. · room. Should it match the floor or the walls in Pistachio salad-gelatine salad colored LACK OF IODINE color? · green, with nuts and celery in it. In what w.ay does one suffer from loss of iodine Although many rooms are planned with Brick ice cream- two layers of green and in the diet? the wood-trim the same as the floor, a white. Fish foods contain iodine and are usual­ really better effect is obtained when the Cup cakes- frosted white, rolled in cocoa­ ly recommended in the diet of people hav­ trim is the color of the walls or nearly nut on sides, and small green gam ing thyroid trouble. that color. drops on top of each cake. 16 THE IOWA HOMEMAJ(ER V eishea Celebrates First Birthday By HELEN G. LAMB lifi_,__ l

Three days and three nights of thrill· the state gymnasium. A large number ing excitement, pleasure and vivid color, also attended the "Pirates of Penzance," marked the celebration of Veishea's first Gilbert-Sullivan opera played by the I birthday May 17, 18, and 19. Hundreds men's and women's glee clubs under the I.I CHOCOLATES I of alumni, high school students, and direction of Professor Tolbert MacRae. Bvery package guaranteed visitors from all over the state partici· i J pated in the celebration and the affair I ftesh and perfect. :: was an educational and recreational suc· ! 11 cess from beginning to end. JUDISCH BROS. D~gS~e From 10:30 a. m. on Tnursday, May I 1 17, when the freshmen tossed their red + -MI - II-II -II-II-11-I -II-II -11-II-II_.t. caps into the flames and become sopho· mores for one glorious day, until the curtain drew on the group of Melody +-·-··-··-··-··-·--··-·--··-··-·-..- t Magic dancers Saturday night, Iowa State College was intensely electrified with colorful activity. Dean Arkle Clark of the University of Illinois gave to the student body at the opening convocation Thursday morn· ing a valuable perspective on what a !VICTOR college education should mean, an ad· dress which was enthusiastically re· I ceived. Ruth Elaine Wilson and Homer Huntoon, The sun shone approvingly down on authors of "Milady Magic." i f the May fete dancers 'fhursday after· ! Ii noon and great groups of pleasure seek· The leading parts were well played by 1 Pure Silk ers in the evening enjoyed the dance in Donald Porter, Hort. '23 and Mrs. H. H. Sunderlin. t Full Fashioned ~ In spite of the fact that the sun re· ! fused to shine on Friday morning and i HO~ERY ·1f weather turned chilly, the hig all-college 1 parade was enjoyed by hundreds. Altho 1 $2.00 and $2.50 the mechinacl engineers carried off the prize, every department was represented by a float worthy of notice. t i The real fun of the day began at two o'clock on the cardinal grounds just ~ I north of engineering building. Those . I who couldn't find room to dance in the ~ Apachee dance hall visited the side shows and ate hot dogs. The merriment IThe Men's Shop I lasted all evening interrupted only by the knighting of the engineers at 10: 30. + -ll-tii--11-11-N-11-H-tll-ll---+ On Saturday morning Iowa State Col· lege opened its doors and hundreds of +·-··-··-·-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··- visitors were shown thru the various de· OpJ)(JRite Court H ouse partments to view the splendid educa· t Marshall town tiona! displays. The dairy department ! was awarded the banner for the best i open house exhibit. J. 0. Springer & Co. The crowning and closing feature of the big celebration took place in the I Women's and Misses' Wearing State gymnasium Saturday night when Apparel and Millinery 105 Iowa State students staged the mu· I sica! comedy, "Melody Magic," written by Ruth Elaine Wilson, H. Ec. '24, Har­ ! OUTING and riet Schleiter, '24 and Homer Huntoon, Arch. E. '23. Critics pronounce it;, the t VACATION best production ever staged by Ames tal· i ent and much credit should go to Pro· i WEAR fessor Lester Raines of the public speak· i Send Mail Orders for Strutwear ing department for the successful choos· Ilosiery- 85c, black, brown, ing o~ characters, costumes, and the suede and white. SAVE 40c lighting effects. Over 3,000 were enter· I! tained for the delightful hours. on every pair. To the managers of 1923 Veishea, K. R. Marvin, C. C. Schide, and H. E. Pride, •••• go the congratulations and approval of CHIFFON HOSIERY the entire student body, for Veishea is I now an established institution at Iowa Morulla Dewell as "Maggie Mathoney." State College. 1.-·-·~~~~.:.:::~~l "" •+ THE IOWA HOMEMAKER 17

field of the nations- the place for the +·-·--·--··-··-··-··--·-·~·-··--·--· + The Economics of Con, ultimate contest for supremacy among sumption the various races and nations of the I THIS STORE earth. This is the field where every (Continued from page 4) nation in the world must sooner or later always appreciates your business tention. All production has for its ulti­ be brought to the test and made to battle and will always do all we can to mate goal consumption as defined in for its very existence. It is a peaceful l merit same. Call any time and this paper; and yet consumption is the contest, but none the less deadly on i least understood and therefore the least that account. Preparedness for this final see the new wearables in developed of any of the classical divi­ and ultimate conflict will consist in the I sions of economic science. When the study of standards of living and the New Summer Dresses real facts are better understood, and, adoption of such standards and habits Underwear Hosiery with competent women highly trained in as will increase productive efficiency to Macha Foser Foot Hosiery economic science and the technical prob­ the maximum and reduce the cost of lems of home economics, these facts will Gossard Corsets and Corse· be understood. The writer is of the opin­ i.iving to the lowest point which is con­ I ion that the so-called waste of production f istent with maximum productivity. In lettes and Braissiers great and important as it is, will be the interest of this form of preparedness found to have nothing on the waste of it will be well for us to ponder the advice Mail orders accepted on approval consumption. cf Pythagoras to his son: 'Choose thos.e In the meantime the producer of food habits which are best; custom will make need not be alarmed over the effect of a them the most agreeable.' " more economic nutrition on the demand for agricultural products. Chal!_ges along this line will be very gradual, in fact al­ most imperceptible, requiring long per­ On Our Street +·-·-·~-----·--·--·-··-··-·-··- iods of time for their realization. Pend­ (Continued from page 6) ing these changes, population will in­ 1 crease and social and economic adjust­ vines is the most economical of space; 1 ments will take place. There is and next in usefulness is the hedge, and on 1 can be no fundamental conflict between The the larger place the shrub border may ll the laws of production and the laws be used. of consumption. Straight lines may be used to em­ In conclusion, such problems as cloth­ phasize long dimensions and to express ing, proper housing and living conditions greater scale. The background should G. T. HART generaly, consumeres' marketing as consist of a limited variety of plants, contrasted with ·producer's marketing, and different systems of retailing can and objects of interest, to be given prom­ only be mentioned. If one goes to inence and so enjoyed, must be used the local store to buy a yard of cloth, sparingly and furnished with ample neu­ Studio . he is told that it is all wool and tral bac]!:ground. a yard wide. He knows that it is a So we find to get the elements of use yard wide because we have proper stan­ and convenience demanded in most small dards of weights and measures enforced properties, but to place them so that by law. He does not always know that PHOTOGRAPHS it is all wool, which would be the case they relate appropriately to the open if he purchased the same article in Lon­ lawn, is the problem we must face if we 1 and a Fine Line of don for the reason that Congress has will have home properties expressive ofl• not yet enacted proper legislation as our every-day American life. HAND-CARVED FRAMES to the marking and branding of textiles. For a number of years the writer has been convinced that, from a broad econ­ omic and social standpoint, economic sci­ ence as related to the technical prob­ lems of home economics- the Economics ST~;~~~ll G T. ~ HART of Consumption, is equally important, if i J 1168 24th St. Des Moines, Iowa f • not the most important part of our spe­ cialized technical field, and this, in spite +~~--11-tlt-11-tll-111-11-tii-H-H-11-tll--+ ---- II II II II • II II II I. of the fact that it is the least developed at present. Colleges and schools of home economics, however, have now reached a stage in their technical development wllere a broader economic and social out­ look on the world and its many complex vroblems Is not only desirable but im­ P(•rative. We are at last in a position to take up in a thoro scientific manner the point of view so ably suggested in some of its aspects by the late Simon N. Patten in his monograph "The Consump­ tion of Wealth," written more than twen­ ty years ago. Professor F. N. Carver, one of our lead­ ing economists, believes that a wise se­ lection of foods for the table would re· dnce the cost of food about one half, a saving over and above what would also be possible if Professor Chittenden's +· II II II II II II II statements are correct as outlined above. Referring to the economics of consump­ Full Line Johnson Dancing Wax tion and the vast problems involved, Pro­ ENAMELS VARNISHES WOOD DYE fessor Carver, in his "Principles of Poli­ tical Economy" ort page 499 thus writes: 1 LOWRY PHARMACY "Here is a real Armageddon, the battle- ·------+l 18 TilE IOWA HOMEM AKER

be companionship in school tasks, com­ +•-n-u-u_ .,_,._.,_,._, _.,_.,_.,_.,_ T W no Is -Responsible for panionship in work, as chores about the the Child? house, companionship in excursions are most influential. These all will lead to I MAKE THIS BANK I (Continued frcm page 7) comradeship of ideals. Forbush suggests the following max­ = Yom BHnking- IJome \

1 package cotton t i -I I - II - II -11- II- 11 - II -11-II - RII-11~-··-III- II -III-JI-II-II-II-I I - II - II-II- 11-II -11-II-It 1 card safety pins. Various things as salt, baking soda .! 1I and perhaps the olive oil may be secured ! : from the cooking equipment. I I i f Extravagant E<;:onomics i f (Continued from page 11) : f or do you buy freshly sliced bulk dried f GIRLS! i beef at 60 cents a pound? i And finally, do you measure your econ· Take Pastry Tubes home with you. New i omies by those of your next door neigh· I i bor, forgetting that no two families have lower prices on the Standard Ornamenting j the same needs? Buying in larg.e quan· I tities may be economy for a family of t Syringe. The kind with 12 nozzles for orna- J seven with a large basement store room, but would be most extravagant for a family of two living in a small apart· k~~i;a'$ • ment. The profits would go into the gar­ I menting all 25 I bage can in the form of spoiled food. 3 With your own eggs and milk a bread pudding may be a very cheap dish, but I I in a city with eggs and milk and gas at I CARR HARDWARE CO. i top prices, a plain bread pudding may become a very expensive luxury. 1 I In other words, there is no set formula I i or rule by which economy may be judged. It is an individual problem to be solved by each family by the use of a little care· ful figuring and a whole lot of common sense. !_ .. _, __ ,_, __ ,_, ___,_j 20 THE lOWA. HOMEMAKER

TO MAKE AND TO WEAR +----···------t The day is past when the housewife thinks of an apron as somethiag drab At Your Service and common to cover up and save a good dress. The clothes one wears add atmosphere to the surroundings, and the housewife today is learning that I bright gay colored aprons are a joy to l Ames Laundry own. The up-to-date housewife who is con­ tinually on the lookout for new and novel Phone 47 219-221 Fifth St. ideas will be interested in the apron de­ scribed here as it offers numerous pos­ I We Use Only Soft Water sibi'lities for combining materials. This l apron is a bungalow type, but its unique­ I ness lies in the Dutch peaks on the side + -··-··--··-··--·-··-··--··-··-··-··-··-··-··-·-.. -·-··--·-·-----+ of the skirt and a removable bib which, when slipped thru the bound button holes at the waist, makes the Dutch peaks +·-·-·-·-·-·-··- ·· -··- ·· -··- ·· - ·· - ·· - ·· - ·· - ~· - ··-·- ·· - ··- · - ·· -··-·-- ··-·- + stand out in a very pronounced fashion. The neck may be square or round, while t the sleeves and buttom of the skirt may be scalloped, and perhaps bound of the VACATION DAYS f same material as that of which the bib is made. ·will soon be here-and to properly enjoy your trip you will want Numerous combinations of materials, sensible and comfortable togs for travel. and shades of materials may be used ! to obtain varied results, Chintz bound \Ve have a complete line of Khaki wear for travel and camp around the neck, sleeves, button holes, t life-Knickers, Jackets, Blouses and Shirts-in all sizes and and bottom of the skirt with a larger many styles-for ladies and children color of the same material, and then i with a bib of this same darker material, Ladies' Knicker Dresses, especially designed for stout figures. gives a very pleasing combination. I If the housewife wishes a gingham I apron, checks are much in vogue, and I J.D. PALMER & CO. the apron can be bound in a correspond­ ing color of bias binding. Polk-a-dot ma­ I DRY GOODS, COATS, SUITS terial bound in braid to match the dots ! or black binding is very effective. Then The Store Behind the Goods in place of the removable bib a band of I organdy for a sash may be used. i . Thus the energetic housewife can have + -••-••-t~•-••-• • -• • - •• -• , - •• - •• - •• - ••-••- •• - 1'• -• • - •• -• n -• • -••-••-••-••-•-••-••-•-•+ many aprons from perhaps the same pat­ tern, but still no two will look alike. +·-··-I ·· -·-··- ·· -· · -··- ·· - ·· - ·· - ·" - ·· -··- ·· -·· - ~· - ,· - ·· - ··- ·· - · - ·· - ·•-•11-lt- 111 - 11 - 1 +I +•-•- •• -••-••-••-••~ ••-••- •• - •• - n• - ••-• + I i QUADE STUDIO i I 417 Main I i +·-··-··-·! ·- ··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-··-·+! 'I +·-·-·---··-·--·-·-··-·-··-··-··-··- + l i i Every Day rrhere Is a Need ~ 'I I "SAY IT Wll'B FLOWERS" I =II = For Sick Room i i l For Birthdays i i i i' t For the Bride i i For Graduatimi i \V e can send flowers any place in the United States in a You are invited to see the lovliest line of few hours time. SILK HOSIERY I ever shown in Ames. Chiffon, Gros Grain, Lace Stripe, I l F. J. OLSAN & Egyptian Prints and the best wearing plain color hose you I ! can buy. $1 and up. I t SONS THE TILDEN STORE i I Phone 8 Ames, Iowa • i . I i ! .. _,,_,,_.,_,,_.,_,,_,_,_,._,,_,_,_+ +-,------·-·--·-··-··-·--·-··-·--.., ___ ,,___ ......