הגירה כתב עת אקדמי רב תחומי מקוון Hagira – Israel Journal of Migration

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הגירה כתב עת אקדמי רב תחומי מקוון Hagira – Israel Journal of Migration הגירה כתב עת אקדמי רב תחומי מקוון Hagira – Israel Journal of Migration גיליון מיוחד: בעקבות יום העיון תיירות חינוכית יהודית, ריבוי ארצות מוצא, מעברים ויעדים – עורכת אורחת: לילך לב ארי Special Issue: Devoted to papers from the workshop Jewish Educational Tourism: Multiple Origins, Paths and Destinations – Guest editor: Lilach Lev Ari גיליון 5 תשע"ו Vol. 5 2016 הגירה כתב עת אקדמי רב תחומי מקוון Hagira – Israel Journal of Migration הגירה הוא כתב עת אקדמי, שפיט, רב תחומי, העוסק בתופעת ההגירה על היבטיה השונים. כתב העת יוצא לאור בחסות קהילת הגירה ודמוגרפיה של האגודה הסוציולוגית הישראלית ומופק במימון המרכז האקדמי רופין והמכון להגירה ושילוב חברתי. עורך ראשי: פרופ' סרג'ו דלה פרגולה Editor-in-Chief: Prof. Sergio DellaPergola עורכת: פרופ' רחל שרעבי Editor: Prof. Rachel Sharaby חברי מערכת: פרופ' משה סמיונוב Editorial Board: Prof. Moshe Semyonov פרופ' רבקה רייכמן Prof. Rebeca Raijman פרופ' לילך לב ארי Prof. Lilach Lev-Ari ד"ר ריטה סבר Dr. Rita Sever ד"ר קארין אמית Dr. Karin Amit רכז המערכת: דורון דגני Editorial Coordinator: Mr. Doron Dgani עורכת לשונית:אליה דמטר )עברית( (linguistic editor: Mrs. Elia Demeter (Hebrew ג'וי פנקס )אנגלית( (Mrs. Joy Pincus (English שושנה סילבר )אנגלית( Mrs. Shoshana Silver חברי המועצה הרחבה פרופ' יהודית בוקסר ליברנט אוניברסידאד נסיונל אוטונומיה דה מכסיקו , מכסיקו סיטי פרופ' בארי צ'יזוויק אוניברסיטת אילינוי, שיקאגו פרופ' אנדרו מרקוס, אוניברסיטת מונאש, מלבורן פרופ' חוזה מויה, אוניברסיטת קולומביה, ניו יורק פרופ' ריינר מונץ, המכון לכלכלה בין לאומית, המבורג, מנהל המחקר והפיתוח בקבוצת ארסט פרופ' עליאן אלקרנאוי, אוניברסיטת בן גוריון בנגב, נשיא מכללת אחווה פרופ' נח לוין אפשטיין, אוניברסיטת תל אביב פרופ' עוזי רבהון, האוניברסיטה העברית בירושלים פרופ' ניסן רובין, אוניברסיטת בר אילן, והמכללה האקדמית אשקלון פרופ' סמי סמוחה, אוניברסיטת חיפה כתובת המערכת: המכון להגירה ושילוב חברתי, המרכז האקדמי רופין, עמק חפר, 2025000, ישראל דוא"ל: [email protected] הגירה כתב עת אקדמי רב תחומי מקוון Hagira – Israel Journal of Migration Extension Council: Prof. Judit Bokser Liwerant, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City Prof. Barry Chiswick, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Prof. Andrew Markus, Monash University, Melbourne Prof. Jose Moya, Columbia University, New York Prof. Rainer Munz, Hamburg Institute of International Economics, and Erste Bank, Vienna Prof. Alean Al-Krenawi, Ben Gurion University, president of Achva Academic College Prof. Noah Lewin Epstein, Tel Aviv University Prof. Uzi Rebhun, The Hebrew University of JerusalemProf. Prof. Nissan Rubin, Bar Ilan University and Ashkelon Academic College Prof. Sammy Smooha, Haifa University Editorial Address: The Institute for Immigration and Social Integration, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer 2025000, Israel, E-mail: [email protected] ISSN 2223-0009 מדיניות המערכת: הגירה הוא כתב עת אקדמי, שפיט, רב תחומי, חדש, העוסק בתופעת ההגירה על היבטיה השונים. כתב העת יוצא לאור בחסות קהילת הגירה ודמוגרפיה של האגודה הסוציולוגית הישראלית ומופק במימון המרכז האקדמי רופין והמכון להגירה ושילוב חברתי. כתב עת זה מהווה במה פרסומית למחקרים שבוצעו על ידי חוקרי הגירה בתחומי סוציולוגיה, מדעי המדינה, דמוגרפיה, פסיכולוגיה, עבודה סוציאלית, קרימינולוגיה, תקשורת, כלכלה, ספרות, היסטוריה, תכנון ערים ועוד. מחקרים אלה עוסקים בהיבטים שונים הקשורים בהיותה של מדינת ישראל חברת מהגרים, במסגרת תהליכים מקבילים בעלי השפעה רבה בהקשר הגלובאלי. כתב העת הגירה פתוח לגישות וזוויות ניתוח שונות. המאמרים המתפרסמים בכתב העת עוברים שיפוט על ידי מומחים בטרם קבלתם לפרסום. כתב העת שואף להפוך לבימה המרכזית בשפה העברית לגבי מכלול נושאי ההגירה הממלאים תפקיד חיוני בחיי היום יום בחברה בת זמננו, ברמת הפרט והקולקטיב גם יחד. Original Articles Pages 01 סרג'ו דלה פרגולה ורחל שרעבי / דבר העורכים Sergio DellaPergola and Rachel Sharaby / Editors' Note לילך לב ארי / דבר העורכת האורחת Lilach Lev ari / Guest Editor's Note :Jewish Heritage-Educational 02 - 08 Tourism: Multiple Origins, Paths and Destinations אריק ה. כהן / לקראת היסטוריה חברתית של מחקר תיירות חינוכית יהודית Erik H. Cohen / Towards a social history of Jewish educational 09 - 41 tourism research דוד מיטלברג / שאלות בוערות, בעיות מטרידות וצמיחתן של תפיסות חדשות בחינוך לעמיות יהודית 42 - 57 David Mittelberg/ Urgent Questions, Pressing Problems, and Emerging Paradigms in Jewish Peoplehood Education רוברטה בל–קליגלר / עוברים בין ישראל ואמריקה: מנהיגי העתיד היהודים עושים דו-שיח מפגש ועמיות 58 - 77 Roberta Bell-Kligler / "Moving between Israel and America: Future Jewish leaders doing dialogue, mifgash and peoplehood" אריאלה קיסר / התחדשות יהודית? סטודנטים יהודים אמריקאים והביקור בישראל 78 - 98 Ariela Keysar / "Reshaping Jewish Lives? American Jewish College Students and the Trip to Israel" אלי שיש ויובל דרור / "מעמקי הרגש והתודעה" , התפתחות התוכנית החינוכית וחומרי הפעילות הבלתי-פורמאליים של מסעות הנוער לפולין שבאחריות משרד החינוך 1988 – 2008 99-121 Eli Shaish and Yuval Dror / "From the depths of emotion and awareness: Educational program development and non-formal activities of the youth travel to Poland under the Ministry of education 1988-2008 (Abstract) יהודית בוקסר ליברנט / גבולות מתרחבים וקביעת שייכות: נסיעות צעירים לישראל - מבט מאמריקה הלטינית 122-158 Judit Bokser Liwerant/ "Expanding frontiers and affirming belonging: Youth travel to Israel - A view from Latin America" סרג'ו דלה פרגולה / מחשבות על מדינת ליבה והזדהות יהודית: הקשרים, תהליכים, תשואות, השלכות 159-186 Sergio DellaPergola/ "Thoughts on core country and Jewish identification: Context, process, output, implications" עוזי רבהון וסרג'ו דלה פרגולה / נספח: תחזיות אוכלוסייה של צעירים יהודים בתפוצות )בני 26-18(, 2025-2010 187-189 Uzi Rebhun and Sergio DellaPergola / Appendix: "Population projection of young diaspora Jews (aged 18-26), 2010-2025" 190-196 תקצירים / Abstracts 197-200 ביוגרפיות / Bios דבר העורכים אנו שמחים להגיש לקוראים את הכרך החמישי של הגירה המוקדש לנושא של תיירות חינוכית, ובעריכת העורכת האורחת, פרופ' לילך לב-ארי מהמכללה האקדמית לחינוך, אורנים ומאוניברסיטת בר-אילן. לילך לב-ארי היא ראשת הרשות למחקר ולהערכה באורנים, עמדה בעבר בראש קהילת הגירה ודמוגרפיה באגודה הסוציולוגית הישראלית, ופרסמה עבודות רבות על הגירה, על ישראלים בחו"ל, ועל תיירות חינוכית. כרך זה מוקדש לזכרו של פרופ' אריק כהן מאוניברסיטת בר-אילן שהלך לעולמו בטרם עת בעיצומה של עשייה ברוכה, ושמאמרו המתפרסם כאן הוא אחד האחרונים שהוא הספיק לכתוב ולערוך בעומק, בהתלהבות, ובקפידה שאפיינו אותו. יהי זכרו ברוך. חלק מהמאמרים המוגשים כאן הוצגו לראשונה בכנס הבינלאומי על הנושא "תיירות חינוכית יהודית: מקורות מרובים, נתיבים ויעדים" שנערך במכללת אורנים ב25- ליולי 2013, בשיתוף פעולה עם האגודה האמריקנית למחקר מדעי-חברתי על יהדות ) The Association for the Social Scientific .)Study of Jewry - ASSJ רעיון הכנס הועלה לראשונה במועצת המנהלים של ASSJ, במגמה להדק את המפגש ואת שיתוף הפעולה בין חוקרים אמריקנים וחוקרים ישראלים בנושאים בעלי עניין משותף. בשנים האחרונות, אחד ההיבטים המרכזיים, הן בעשייה החינוכית, הן במחקר אודותיה, מתרכז במספר הרב של צעירים יהודים ממדינות שונות בעולם, ובראש וראשונה מארה"ב, המבקרים בישראל במסגרת תכניות תיירותיות-חינוכיות מאורגנות. מפעל חינוכי נוסף מפגיש צעירים רבים, מישראל וממדינות אחרות, במסגרת ביקורים באתרים המרכזיים שבהן התקיימה שואת יהודי אירופה במהלך מלחמת העולם השנייה. חוויות אלה תועדו בכמות גדולה למדי של פובליציסטיקה, ואף בדוחות מחקר, מרביתם במסגרת הארגונים המעורבים ישירות בעשייה תיירותית-חינוכית. בד בבד ניכרת עלייה במספר עבודות המחקר העוסקות בנושאים אלה בראיה שיטתית וביקורתית ולאור מסגרת מושגית רב-תחומית רחבה יותר. מעניינת גם השאלה האם חוקרים בעלי רקע שונה והמשולבים בסביבות אקדמיות ואחרות במדינות שונות – לרבות בארה"ב ובישראל – רואים את הקורה בשטח והשלכותיו בראיה משותפת או מזוויות שונות. כרך זה, אף על פי שלא כל היוזמים והמשתתפים בכנס באורנים בסופו של דבר ניאותו למסור את תרומותיהם הכתובות לדפוס, מספק חתך רחב למדי של גישות – עיוניות או מעשיות יותר – למכלול הסוגיות של תיירות חינוכית יהודית בימינו, תוך כיסוי של מגוון פרויקטים, לרבות הגדול שבהם, תגלית, גישות מחקר והפקת לקחים שונות, ואזורי התייחסות שונים בעולם. אנו מקווים שכרך זה ישמש חומר רקע והתייחסות מועיל לכל המעוניינים להבין טוב יותר את התיירות החינוכית היהודית, מקורותיה, נתיביה ויעדיה. העיתון המקוון הגירה מתפרסם בחסות המכללה האקדמית רופין וקהילת הגירה ודמוגרפיה באגודה הסוציולוגית הישראלית. כרכים עתידיים של הגירה יכללו לסרוגין מאמרים המוקדשים לנושא ממוקד, ולמגוון נושאים. כרך 6 יכלול אוסף כללי של מאמרים בנושאי הגירה, בעוד כרך 7 יעסוק במבקשי מקלט ופליטים בישראל, בעריכת פרופ' רבקה רייכמן מאוניברסיטת חיפה. סרג'ו דלה-פרגולה רחל שרעבי עורך ראשי עורכת משנה הגירה 5 ׀ תשע"ו Jewish Heritage-Educational Tourism: Multiple Origins, Paths and Destinations Lilach Lev Ari Volume 5 of Hagira follows the symposium held at Oranim Academic College of Education on July 25, 2013, and co-sponsored by the Association for the Social Scientific Study of Jewry (ASSJ). The symposium’s title was, "Jewish Educational Tourism: Multiple Origins, Paths and Destinations." This special Issue of Hagira brings together a variety of research papers – some of which were originally presented at the Oranim Symposium – written by academics involved in the study of the broad range of Jewish heritage-educational tourism in various locations, but primarily in Israel. These locations enable the encounter ('mifgash') between young Jews from various origins and cultures in the context of heritage educational tourism, which may impact their Jewish identity and help construct their Jewish peoplehood. Global tourism has yielded a large variety of tourism forms. One of them, heritage tourism, has often been simply regarded as the visit of tourists to places of historical or cultural importance. Heritage tourism is defined by the background and motives of the tourists and does not inhere in the sites alone. It is not the place of the visit
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