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Southeast Asia Program 1982 Bulletin Cornell University
Southeast Asia Program Cornell 1982 Bulletin University SEAP ARCHIVE COPY DO NOT REMOVE Southeast Asia Program Cornell 1982 Bulletin University Table of Contents From the Director . 2 Frank H. Golay Retires . IO Lauriston Sharp and Southeast Asian Studies About Program People . 11 at Cornell.... .. .. ..................... .. ....... 3 Faculty and Staff Notes . I I John M. Echols Collection on Southeast Asia Faculty and Staff Publications .................. 11 Continues to Grow . 5 Visiting Fellows ............................... 12 Gamelan Performs at the Metropolitan Museum of Art 6 Alumni News .................................. 12 John M. Echols, 1913-1982 ....................... 7 Graduate Students in Field Research ............ 12 Program Publications . 8 Recent Doctoral Dissertations .............. ... 12 1~ From the Director ,; Dear Friends, We are launching a new venture, a bulletin that we hope you will find interesting and useful. Whether you are a recent graduate or a longtime friend of the Southeast Asia Program, you will find that the Program is both much the same as you remember it and also a changing and varied academic venture. We thought you might welcome an annual publication that renews old ties while keeping you abreast of recent developments here in the library, graduate theses, faculty (both well-remembered and new), visiting fellows, and special programs and activities. In this first issue of the Bulletin, we have tried to anticipate the areas that might interest you most. We are hoping that you will let us have your reactions and suggestions. We hope, too, that you may wish to contribute to the Bulletin, so that among the large and impressive group of Southeast Asianists who have in one way or another been a part of the Cornell experience we will develop an active correspondence. -
Southeast Asia Program
SOUTHEAST ASIA PROGRAM FALL • 1994 BULLETIN • 0 ,., SEAP ARCHIVE COPY ' DO NOT REMOVE FROM THE DIRECTOR Dear Friends, This has been a year of many changes in the Southeast Asia Program, some of them sad and others happy. First, the news that is both sad and happy. Randolph Barker's term as director came to an end, and I was elected to take his place as director. At the same time that Randy stepped down, Helen Swank retired. Many of us think of her affectionately as an institution coterminous with the Southeast Asia Program, and after thirty-three years it is hard to conceive of the office without her. Her place was taken by Nancy Stage. Nancy brings back home to Ithaca a range of experience in fund-raising and development from her previous work in Colorado. Helen is a hard act to follow, but Nancy's intelligence and sparkle keep the office an exciting and pleasant place to work or visit. We also had some losses among our faculty. We are sad to announce the passing of two of our most beloved colleagues, Lauriston Sharp and Milton Barnett. Both Lauri and Milt were active in the Southeast Asia Program until a short time before their deaths. Their careers and contributions to SEAP are outlined in the following pages. To honor Lauri, in 1975 we established the Lauriston Sharp Prize for the most outstanding thesis in Southeast Asian studies at Cornell. Winners of this prize have become top scholars in their fields and are active in universities throughout the country. -
AHR Forum Transcending Identity: Gandhi, Nonviolence, and the Pursuit of a “Different” Freedom in Modern India
AHR Forum Transcending Identity: Gandhi, Nonviolence, and the Pursuit of a “Different” Freedom in Modern India MITHI MUKHERJEE IN THE PAST TWO DECADES, subaltern historians and postcolonial scholars have Downloaded from brought to our attention the need to question the generally assumed universality of Western categories in framing the histories of the rest of the world.1 The exclusive deployment of Western concepts to explain historical development in India and other non-Western countries, they say, not only has marginalized indigenous systems http://ahr.oxfordjournals.org/ of knowledge and practices, but has also resulted in the histories of these countries being presented in negative terms as a deviation from the universal trajectories of capital, democracy, and liberalism, which are themselves grounded in particular his- torical experiences of the West. Thus, as Dipesh Chakrabarty, among others, has argued, most scholars trained in this intellectual tradition have characterized India as “not modern” or “not bourgeois” or “not liberal.” The new intellectual sensitivity toward non-Western systems of thought has resulted in a significant number of works by guest on November 13, 2016 that deploy the critical category of difference. Yet none of the four major schools of historiography on modern India—Marxist, Cambridge, nationalist, and subaltern—has extended this notion of difference to the discourse of freedom associated with the Gandhian nonviolent resistance movement against British colonialism. This is a surprising omission, given the striking ways in which the Gandhian discourse of freedom departed from the Western discourse of freedom. While the distinctiveness of the Gandhian movement in relation to other forms of anticolonial resistance of the day was evident to Gandhi’s contemporaries and has been noted by scholars, the use of difference as an analytical category to I thank Peter Boag, Sanjay Gautam, David Gross, Ronald Inden, Carla Jones, Susan K. -
The Malinowski Award Papers
The Dynamics of Applied Anthropology in the Twentieth Century: The Malinowski Award Papers Thomas Weaver Editor and Contributor of Introductory Materials Society for Applied Anthropology Oklahoma City 2002 ii Series Editor: Patricia J. Higgins, Plattsburgh State University Production Designer: Neil Hann, Society for Applied Anthropology, Oklahoma City Production Manager: J. Thomas May, Society for Applied Anthropology, Oklahoma City Copyright 2002 by the Society for Applied Anthropology All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted in any form or in any means without permission except in the context of reviews. All inquiries should be addressed to the Society for Applied Anthropology, P.O. Box 24093, Oklahoma City, 73124. Essays in chapters 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, and 29 were previously published in Human Organization. The essay in chapter 23 was previously published in The Future of Anthropology: Its Relevance to the Contemporary World, Akbar S. Ahmed and Cris N. Shore, eds. (London: Athlone, 1995). iii Contents vii Acknowledgements viii About the Editor 1 Chapter 1: The Malinowski Award and the History of Applied Anthropology Thomas Weaver 14 Chapter 2: Malinowski as Applied Anthropologist Thomas Weaver 34 Chapter 3: Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán: Applied Anthropology and Indigenous Policy Thomas Weaver 38 Applied Anthropology in Mexico Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán (Tucson 1973) 45 Chapter 4: Everett C. Hughes: Urban Sociology, Social Problems, and Ethics Thomas Weaver 48 Who Studies Whom? Everett C. Hughes (Boston 1974) 59 Chapter 5: Gunnar Myrdal: Interdisciplinary Research, Policy Science, and Racism Thomas Weaver 62 The Unity of the Social Sciences Gunnar Myrdal (Amsterdam 1975) 69 Chapter 6: Edward H. -
Access Provided by University of Michigan @ Ann Arbor (21 Apr 2013 13:19 GMT) Notes
Access provided by University of Michigan @ Ann Arbor (21 Apr 2013 13:19 GMT) Notes Introduction 1. Anek Laothamatas, “A Tale of Two Democracies: Conflicting Perceptions of Elections and Democracy in Thailand,” in The Politics of Elections in Southeast Asia, ed. R. H. Taylor (Washington, D.C.: Woodrow Wilson Center Press, 1996). 2. “Red Rage Rising,” Bangkok Post, 13 March 2010. 3. Partha Chatterjee, The Politics of the Governed: Reflections on Popular Politics in Most of the World (New York: Columbia University Press, 2004). 4. James C. Scott, The Moral Economy of the Peasant: Rebellion and Subsistence in Southeast Asia (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1976), 1. 5. Eric R. Wolf, Peasants (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1966), 2–4; Teodor Shanin, “Introduction,” in Peasants and Peasant Societies, ed. Teodor Shanin (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1971), 14–15. 6. Michael Kearney, Reconceptualizing the Peasantry: Anthropology in Global Per- spective (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1996), 141; Chris Baker, “Thailand’s Assem- bly of the Poor: Background, Drama, Reaction,” South East Asia Research 8, no. 1 (2000): 26. 7. Lucien M. Hanks, “Merit and Power in the Thai Social Order,” American Anthro- pologist 64, no. 6 (1962); Lucien M. Hanks, “The Thai Social Order as Entourage and Circle,” in Change and Persistence in Thai Society: Essays in Honor of Lauriston Sharp, ed. G. William Skinner and A. Thomas Kirsch (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1975). 8. Lauriston Sharp and Lucien M. Hanks, Bang Chan: Social History of a Rural Community in Thailand (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1978), 46. 9. -
V. King the Sociology of South-East Asia; a Critical Review of Some Concepts and Issues
V. King The sociology of South-East Asia; A critical review of some concepts and issues In: Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 150 (1994), no: 1, Leiden, 171-206 This PDF-file was downloaded from http://www.kitlv-journals.nl Downloaded from Brill.com10/05/2021 10:27:07AM via free access STATE-OF-THE-ART REVIEWS VICTOR T. KING The Sociology of South-East Asia A Critical Review of Some Concepts and Issues* In the field of South-East Asian Studies, as in other area studies programmes, we usually examine the realities of the region under study from our different disciplinary perspectives, though, wherever possible, we use interdisciplinary approaches as well. The study of South-East Asia has generated some quite remarkable scholarly contributions in certain I wish to acknowledge the helpful comments of the two anonymous referees of this paper. I have duly followed some of their constructive criticisms and made revisions as well as included additional information and discussion. I hope that I have responded to their main observation; this tumed on the issue of which authors and literature should be covered in a review of this kind. In any review in article form it is difficult to be comprehensive and it has been impossible to consider the substantial literature in applied sociology and the sociology of rural development. This must be the subject of a separate paper on which I am presently engaged. It was also feit that my initial paper gave too much emphasis to English-language publications written by Western observers to the neglect of publications in other European languages and more especially writings by South-East Asians in both English and local languages. -
Lauriston Sharp
1358 THE JOURNAL OF ASIAN STUDIES LAURISTON SHARP (1907-1993) Lauriston Sharp, Goldwin Smith Professor of Anthropology and Asian Studies Emeritus at Cornell University, died at the age of 86 at his Ithaca, New York, home on December 31, 1993. He was born in 1907 in Madison, where his father was Professor of Philosophy at the University of Wisconsin. While majoring in philosophy at Wisconsin, Sharp went on several summer treks to archaeological sites in Arizona and Utah, and these encounters led him to prefer the concrete, culturally informed anthropologist's view of human nature to the more abstract, universalizing view of the philosopher. After receiving his B.A. in philosophy from the University of Wisconsin in 1929, Sharp chose anthropology and Southeast Asian Studies as career goals. He encountered Berber culture while on a 1930 Beloit-Logan Museum archaeological expedition to Algeria. He then studied Southeast Asian Ethnology in Vienna with Robert Heine-Geldern, receiving the Certificate in Anthropology from the University of Vienna in 1931. He entered the doctoral program at Harvard University in 1932 and received his Ph.D. in 1937, after two years of fieldwork among Australian aborigines. Professor Sharp began teaching at Cornell in 1936 as that university's first appointment in anthropology. Devoted to Cornell, he taught at, and remained connected with the university for fifty-six years. He remained active as the Goldwin Smith Professor Emeritus, even after his retirement in 1973. During an interlude at the State Department in 1945 and 1946, Sharp served as Assistant Division Chief for Southeast Asian Affairs. -
Intellectual Roots of Key Anthropologists
SELECTIONS FROM ASSESSING CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY Robert Borofsky, editor (1994) New York: McGraw-Hill FREDRIK BARTH is currently Research Fellow under the Norwegian Ministry of Culture and Professor of Anthropology at Emory University. He has previously taught at the universities of Oslo and Bergen, and as a visitor at various American departments of anthropology. He has carried out research in a number of areas, starting in the Middle East with a focus on tribal politics and ecology. His best known works from this period are: Political Leadership among Swat Pathans (1959), Nomads of South Persia (1961), Models of Social Organization (1964), and the edited work Ethnic Groups and Boundaries (1969). Later, he has also done fieldwork in New Guinea and Southeast Asia, and among his publications are Ritual and Knowledge among the Baktaman of New Guinea (1975) and Cosmologies in the Making (1987). A monograph entitled Balinese Worlds will appear in 1993. "After a wartime childhood in Norway, I started at the University of Chicago with an interest in paleontology and human evolution. But the active and rich teaching program of Fred Eggan, Sol Tax, Robert Redfield and others broadened my intellectual horizon and led, after an interlude on a dig in Iraq with Bob Braidwood, to my choice of social anthropology as the focus of my work. My foundations derived indirectly from Radcliffe-Brown, who had taught my teachers during the 1930s. "Like many of my Chicago cohort, I went on to further studies in England. I chose the L.S.E. Autobiographies: 2 and developed a life-long association with Raymond Firth and, even more importantly, with Edmund Leach, whom I later followed to Cambridge for my Ph.D. -
Mahatma Gandhi of International Scholars and Educationists Have Reconstructed Gandhi According to Each Decade’S Need
RESOURCES BOOK REVIEWS quest for equality and political morality. Since then, a great array Mahatma Gandhi of international scholars and educationists have reconstructed Gandhi according to each decade’s need. Hagiographies are far Nonviolent Power in Action too common, as are postmodern critiques attributing ulterior motives to Gandhi. On the other hand, Dalton’s is a balanced By Dennis Dalton assessment of a spiritual leader with human foibles, and of a human being capable of heroic deeds. This will appeal to readers NEW YORK: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS, 1993 in an era when sainthood is generally suspect, and politicians are XII + 265 PAGES + INDEX often corrupt. In his own academic search for truth, Dalton acknowledges that this volume includes ‘previous incarnations’ from his earlier s one of the most original and charismatic philosopher- essays. Despite his candid sympathy for his subject, he also activists of this century, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi examines Gandhi’s writings and secondary documentation Acaught the public eye in his quest for India’s freedom on controversies surrounding him. Thus, Dalton shows that (swaraj) through civil disobedience despite Gandhi’s genuine abhorrence of campaigns (satyagraha). Dennis Dalton’s untouchability, his views on caste were latest publication on Gandhi provides an fairly conservative until 1932 when excellent resource for teachers of modern the mahatma could ignore orthodox South Asia as he focuses on the leader’s frowns with impunity, and publicly philosophical views on swaraj and promote inter-caste dining and marriage. satyagraha, on their application in India’s One chapter appraises Gandhi’s freedom movement, and on their current dialogues with his detractors, Ambedkar, implications for social inclusion in the M. -
Mahatma Gandhi.Pdf
James W Michaels, Journalist India: Something about him touched hearts all over the world. People didn’t know where India was, didn’t know what the issues were. There was something about him that touched their lives. Narrator: He was a man of many faces. Lady Pamela Hicks, Daughter of Last Viceroy of India: He had this tremendously wacky sense of humour and very mischievous and could be very, it sounds awful and disrespectful to say, naughty or wicked. Narrator: Leader of one fifth of world’s people. Dr Phillips Talbot, Journalist, India: He had extraordinary capacity to talk to this massive crowd on a one to one basis. I think everybody sitting there thought that Gandhi G. was talking to him. Narrator: Playful father and friend. Arun Gandhi, Grandson: In some of the cases they made him look like a monkey, and Grandfather used to laugh at that, and sometimes joke and say here’s your monkey, I’m coming in now. Narrator: Inspiration to future generations. His Holiness, The 4th Dalai Lama of Tibet: Mahatma Gandhi feel nonviolence is difficult to carry, unless you have some full conviction. Narrator: Rebel for a just cause. Dennis Dalton, Author, “Mahatma Gandhi”: He says yes we will go to prison. We will take a vow to God that we will go to prison and we will stay there until this law was withdrawn. Narrator: A willing martyr for his country. Bhikhu Parekh, Prof. of Political Theory, University of Hull, England: And he even said to one of his associates that I shall die at the hand of an assassin and when I do, please remember that if I accept that bullet courageously, with the name of God on my lips, only then believe that I was a true Mahatma. -
Montesano19-40.Pdf
HEIDEGGER, GANDHI, AND THE PARADOXICAL SEARCH FOR A METAPHYSICS OF NONVIOLENCE Mark Montesano Abstract: Mohandas Gandhi’s interpretation of Hinduism was key to his practice of nonviolence. His influence on Western thought is most often represented by Martin Luther King Jr.’s Christian appropriation of Gandhi to support the Civil Rights Movement. American philosopher, Gene Sharp, has written about Gandhi’s influence in terms of political strategies that do not need a metaphysical or religious foundation. This paper contends that Gandhi’s metaphysical foundation for his nonviolent philosophy and practice has striking parallels with the writings of Martin Heidegger. Through these similarities Gandhi’s ideas can be more clearly incorporated into Western, secular thought. Two examples include the paradox that a self-righteous “holding to truth” (satyagraha) itself may be, itself, a source of violence. It is precisely at this point of contradiction that both Gandhi and Heidegger use their respective metaphysics to argue for an active, nonviolent struggle with violence. Until recently, nonviolence as a serious philosophical idea and political method had long been languishing on the ash heap of history next to Marxism as a hopeful and glorious idea that, in the end, is too out of synch with human nature to be of any lasting use. With the recent spate of radical social movements around the earth—from Arab Spring, to the nonviolent experiments of both Palestinians and Israelis, to the Occupy Movement in the United States, to the controversy over the arrest of members of the rock group, “Pussy Riot” in Russia, to jailed dissidents in China—an awakening of interest in nonviolent political action has surged. -
Nonviolence Speaks: Communicating Against Repression
Nonviolence speaks: communicating against repression by Brian Martin and Wendy Varney (Cresskill, NJ: Hampton Press, 2003) This is the text as submitted to the publisher. It differs from the published text due to copyediting changes, different pagination and omission of the index. Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Nonviolence against Indonesian repression: barriers to action [co-authored by Adrian Vickers] 12 3. Nonviolent resistance to Soviet repression 30 4. Resisting global corporate domination 55 5. Nonviolence theory: insights for communication 79 6. Communication theory: insights for nonviolent action 102 7. Giving voice to nonviolence 136 Acknowledgments We thank Valentin Bazhanov, Stephen Brown, and Anna Salleh for helpful comments on earlier versions of individual chapters, and Ralph Summy and two anonymous referees for comments on the entire text. Brenda Dervin provided essential support. Portions of the text, in different forms, appeared in Wendy Varney and Brian Martin, “Net resistance, net benefits: opposing MAI,” Social Alternatives, Vol. 19, No. 1, January 2000, pp. 47–51; Wendy Varney and Brian Martin, “Lessons from the 1991 Soviet coup,” Peace Research, Vol. 32, No. 1, February 2000, pp. 52–68; Brian Martin, Wendy Varney, and Adrian Vickers, “Political jiu- jitsu against Indonesian repression: studying lower profile nonviolent resistance,” Pacifica Review, Vol. 13, No. 2, June 2001, pp. 143–156. This work was supported by the Australian Research Council. 1 Introduction Rallies, strikes, boycotts, sit-ins, and other vocal protests. This was taken up enthusi- methods of people’s action without violence astically. have a tremendous potential to challenge As popular resistance continued over the aggression, repression, and oppression.