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A Selective Directory. Institwicon Department of State, Washington, D.C DOCUMENT RESUME ED 052 641 FL 002 255 TITLE University Centers of Foreign Affairs Research: A Selective Directory. INSTITWiCON Department of State, Washington, D.C. PUB DATE Apr 68 NOTE 155p. EDRS PRICE EARS Price MF-$0.65 HC-$6.58 DESCRIPTORS Area Studies, *Directories, Foreign Countries, Foreign Culture, *Foreign Relations, *Institutional Facilities, International Education, Language and Area Centers, Reference Books, Research, Research Directors, *Research Projects, *Social Sciences, Universities, World Affairs ABSTRACT As a service to the academic community and to government agencies sponsoring research, the Office of External Research of the Department of State has published several directories of centers engaged in international studies. This volume focuses on United States university-affiliated centers which have as their main purpose social science research in foreign affairs. It includes only those university research programs and projects which are organized in easily identifiable centers or institutes. It includes both area-oriented research centers and those specializing in a functional field. Some 191 centers are listed and information is provided on the name of the institution at which the center is locatede the address, focus of interest, directorate, principal researchers, funds, description, recent publications, and representative studies in progress. A summary analysis of the data derived from the questionnaires sent to the centers is included. (RL) ric Processing andReference Fat,i,,Lj "%Reference Collection UNIVERSITY CENTERS OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS RESEARCH: A SELECTIVE DIRECTORY Compiled by the Office of External Research U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATING IT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. Department of State April 1968 4 DEPARTMENT U.,' STATE PUBLICATION 8378 Library of Congress Catalog No. 68-60080 Released April 1968 Fr U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 0-305-219 (144) For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Nitosiiington, D.C. 20402. Price $1.00 FOREWORD Scope of This Directory As a service to the academic community and to Government agencies sponsoring research, the Office of External Research of the Department of State has published severcl directories of centers engaged in international studies. The most recent publications, both issued in 1964, are Language and Area Study Programs in American Universities, prepared in collabora- tion with the U.S. Office of Education,' and Research Centers or. the Developing Areas, com- piled for the Agency for International Development. The focus of this volume is on U.S. university-affiliated centers which have as their main purpose social science research in foreign affairs. It includes only those university research programs and projects which are organized in easily identified centers or institutes. It includes both area-oriented research centers and those specializing in a functional field. It does not, however, include centers at which a principal emphasis is on teaching at the undergraduate level. Information for the directory was supplied in early 1967 in response to questionnaires sent to the centers. Submissions which required-substantial editing or which lacked pertinent data were returned to the institutions with a request for their approval or for additional information. The Office of External Research is indebted to the many research directors and the_ staffs whose cooperation and assistance made production of this volume possible. The Office would appreciate receiving comments on the directory, including information on centers which have been inadvertently omitted and on those established since the project was undertaken. Such information will increase the usefulness of directories issued in the future. Summary Analysis of the Data Financial Support The source of funds most frequently cited by the 191 centers included in the directory was the Ford Foundation; 107 centers, or 56 percent of the total, reported that they received at least partial support from Ford, either directly or through sharing in grants made to the host university. The next most frequently mentioned source of funds was the host university itself, reported by 71 centers, 37 percent of the total. In addition to outright financial support, it may be assumed that mo't centers also receive indirect assistance from the uni- versity, in tie form of library facilities, time of faculty members, housing, etc. Among other principal categories of financial support, ranked according to the number of centers asslsted, are Federal Government (67), Rockefeller Foundation (18), Carnegie Corporation of New York (17), gifts from individuals (16), and State governments (14). (Because most centers report multiple sources of support, these figures add to more than the total number of centers represented.) Geographic Distribution Centers seem to attract additional centers; the prime example is Columbia University, with 17. Of the 191 centers, 112 cluster around 12 institutions.2Geographic distribution consequently is spotty; 27 States, plus the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, are 1. A brochure entitled Language & Area Centers, Title VI /National Defense Education Act, published in March 1968, is available from the Division of Foreign Studies, Institute of International Studies, U.S. Office of Education, Washington, D. C. 20201. 2. California (Berkeley), California (Los Angeles), Chicago, Columbia, Cornell, Harvard, Indiana, Michigan, Michigan State, Stanford, Washington (Seattle), and Wisconsin. iii represented, but New York accounts for 41 centers and California for 28, whereas nine of the States and Puerto Rico have one center apiece. A recent development among these centers that has tended to equalize geographic distribu- tion of foreign affairs research programs is the consortium, which enables the member institu- tions to pool their research resources and thus augments the facilities and personnel within reach of all. The membership of some of these cooperative arrangements, such as the Inter- university Consortium for Political Research based at the University of Michigan and the Human Relations Area Files at Yale, includes organizations other than universities and ex- tends to institutions outside the United States. Subject Matter Range As for the range of subjects on which the centers focus, the index to the directory lists a total of 60 involved in specific geographic areas and 131 in functional fields. (Some of these operate in more than one area or field.) Of the geographically oriented centers, the largest group -- 20 -- is engaged in research on the Far East. Latin American research ranks next, with 11 centers, followed by Africa, with nine, and Europe and the Middle East, with five each. In the case of functionally oriented centers, 17 are principally engaged in research on socio-cultural change. Other fields of significant concentration are: Political change and development (14), economic development (13), communism (13), international relations in general (11), international economics (10), national security (10), and population and demography (10). Fairly evenly distributed are centers focusing on agriculture, communica- tion, education, human resource development, and international organizations. The criteria for selecting centers for this directory exclude many significant activities carried out by university centers whose principal emphasis is on teaching and training rather than on research. Thus the publication is not a complete guide to either university research or university education in foreign affairs. Nonetheless, even within the restricted framework adopted for the survey, it is apparent that university-based centers are responding to the research needs of an increasingly complex world. Some Historical Notes The historical notes which follow are intended to supplement the data in the directory by reviewing the development of the university-affiliated center, beginning with the intro- duction during the l':20's of the interdisciplinary approach to research. This led to the "center concept" and its application to social science research in international affairs. World War II and its aftermath called for solutions to national security problems and em- phasized the need for intensified foreign area studies. By the 1950's, the center concept, undergirded by technological advances and increasingly directed toward policy-oriented research, had become a way of intellectual life in the United States. The present decade opened with a call for the "further strengthening of university programs in world affairs" and for increasing use by the Government of scholarly research; on its part, the Government thus far in the 1960's has taken several significant steps to increase its support for, and improve its utilization of, such research. A selected chronological listing of some significant events of the period covered by this summary appears in the Appendix. An American Phenomenon The university research center is largely an American phenomenon, whose historical roots are to be found in several characteristics peculiar to American scholarship. Among them is the traditionally pragmatic bent of social science in this country; another is the emergence, after World War I, of research as a significant function of the university; a third factor
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