Neurotribes: the Legacy of Autism and the Future of Neurodiversity Pdf
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The Life and Times Of'asperger's Syndrome': a Bakhtinian Analysis Of
The life and times of ‘Asperger’s Syndrome’: A Bakhtinian analysis of discourses and identities in sociocultural context Kim Davies Bachelor of Education (Honours 1st Class) (UQ) Graduate Diploma of Teaching (Primary) (QUT) Bachelor of Social Work (UQ) A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Queensland in 2015 The School of Education 1 Abstract This thesis is an examination of the sociocultural history of ‘Asperger’s Syndrome’ in a Global North context. I use Bakhtin’s theories (1919-21; 1922-24/1977-78; 1929a; 1929b; 1935; 1936-38; 1961; 1968; 1970; 1973), specifically of language and subjectivity, to analyse several different but interconnected cultural artefacts that relate to ‘Asperger’s Syndrome’ and exemplify its discursive construction at significant points in its history, dealt with chronologically. These sociocultural artefacts are various but include the transcript of a diagnostic interview which resulted in the diagnosis of a young boy with ‘Asperger’s Syndrome’; discussion board posts to an Asperger’s Syndrome community website; the carnivalistic treatment of ‘neurotypicality’ at the parodic website The Institute for the Study of the Neurologically Typical as well as media statements from the American Psychiatric Association in 2013 announcing the removal of Asperger’s Syndrome from the latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-5 (APA, 2013). One advantage of a Bakhtinian framework is that it ties the personal and the sociocultural together, as inextricable and necessarily co-constitutive. In this way, the various cultural artefacts are examined to shed light on ‘Asperger’s Syndrome’ at both personal and sociocultural levels, simultaneously. -
Gesnerus 2020-2.Indb
Gesnerus 77/2 (2020) 279–311, DOI: 10.24894/Gesn-de.2020.77012 Vom «autistischen Psychopathen» zum Autismusspektrum. Verhaltensdiagnostik und Persönlichkeitsbehauptung in der Geschichte des Autismus Rüdiger Graf Abstract Der Aufsatz untersucht das Verhältnis von Persönlichkeit und Verhalten in der Defi nition und Diagnostik des Autismus von Kanner und Asperger in den 1940er Jahren bis in die neueren Ausgaben des DSM und ICD. Dazu unter- scheidet er drei verschiedene epistemische Zugänge zum Autismus: ein exter- nes Wissen der dritten Person, das über Verhaltensbeobachtungen, Testver- fahren und Elterninterviews gewonnen wird; ein stärker praktisches Wissen der zweiten Person, das in der andauernden, alltäglichen Interaktion bei El- tern und Betreuer*innen entsteht, und schließlich das introspektive Wissen der ersten Person, d.h. der Autist*innen selbst. Dabei resultiert die Kerndif- ferenz in der Behandlung des Autismus daraus, ob man meint, die Persönlich- keit eines Menschen allein über die Beobachtung von Verhaltensweisen er- schließen zu können oder ob es sich um eine vorgängige Struktur handelt, die introspektiv zugänglich ist, Verhalten prägt und ihm Sinn verleihen kann. Die Entscheidung hierüber führt zu grundlegend anderen Positionierungen zu verhaltenstherapeutischen Ansätzen, wie insbesondere zu Ole Ivar Lovaas’ Applied Behavior Analysis. Autismus; Psychiatriegeschichte; Wissensgeschichte; Verhaltenstherapie; Neurodiversität PD Dr. Rüdiger Graf, Leibniz-Zentrum für Zeithistorische Forschung Potsdam, Am Neuen Markt 1, 14467 Potsdam, [email protected]. Gesnerus 77 (2020) 279 Downloaded from Brill.com09/27/2021 01:45:02AM via free access «Autistic Psychopaths» and the Autism Spectrum. Diagnosing Behavior and Claiming Personhood in the History of Autism The article examines how understandings of personality and behavior have interacted in the defi nition and diagnostics of autism from Kanner and As- perger in the 1940s to the latest editions of DSM and ICD. -
Neuro Tribes
NEURO SMARTER ABOUT PEOPLE WHO THE LEGACY OF ‘NeuroTribes is a sweeping and penetrating history, presented with a rare sympathy and sensitivity . it will change how you think of autism.’—From the foreword by Oliver Sacks STEVE SILBERMAN What is autism: a devastating developmental disorder, a lifelong FOREWORD BY disability, or a naturally occurring form of cognitive difference akin AUTISM to certain forms of genius? In truth, it is all of these things and more OLIVER —and the future of our society depends on our understanding it. TRIBES SACKS Following on from his ground breaking article ‘The Geek Syndrome’, AND HOW TO THINK Wired reporter Steve Silberman unearths the secret history of autism, THINK DIFFERENTLY long suppressed by the same clinicians who became famous for identifying it, and discovers why the number of diagnoses has soared in recent years. Going back to the earliest autism research and chronicling the brave and lonely journey of autistic people and their families through the decades, Silberman provides long-sought solutions to the autism puzzle, while mapping out a path towards a more humane world in which people with learning differences have access to the resources they need to live happier and more meaningful lives. NEUROTRIBES He reveals the untold story of Hans Asperger, whose ‘little professors’ STEVE SILBERMAN were targeted by the darkest social-engineering experiment in human history; exposes the covert campaign by child psychiatrist Leo Kanner THE LEGACY OF to suppress knowledge of the autism spectrum for fifty years; and casts light on the growing movement of ‘neurodiversity’ activists seeking respect, accommodations in the workplace and education, and the right to self-determination for those with cognitive differences. -
Disability in an Age of Environmental Risk by Sarah Gibbons a Thesis
Disablement, Diversity, Deviation: Disability in an Age of Environmental Risk by Sarah Gibbons A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2016 © Sarah Gibbons 2016 I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii Abstract This dissertation brings disability studies and postcolonial studies into dialogue with discourse surrounding risk in the environmental humanities. The central question that it investigates is how critics can reframe and reinterpret existing threat registers to accept and celebrate disability and embodied difference without passively accepting the social policies that produce disabling conditions. It examines the literary and rhetorical strategies of contemporary cultural works that one, promote a disability politics that aims for greater recognition of how our environmental surroundings affect human health and ability, but also two, put forward a disability politics that objects to devaluing disabled bodies by stigmatizing them as unnatural. Some of the major works under discussion in this dissertation include Marie Clements’s Burning Vision (2003), Indra Sinha’s Animal’s People (2007), Gerardine Wurzburg’s Wretches & Jabberers (2010) and Corinne Duyvis’s On the Edge of Gone (2016). The first section of this dissertation focuses on disability, illness, industry, and environmental health to consider how critics can discuss disability and environmental health in conjunction without returning to a medical model in which the term ‘disability’ often designates how closely bodies visibly conform or deviate from definitions of the normal body. -
Diary of a Mom Jess Wilson and Family Facing Life’S Challenges with Grace ZOOM Autism Through Many Lenses 1 ISSUE 12 to W O
autism through many lenses ISSUE 12 Guardianship Is it the right choice? INCLUSION from an Autistic Standpoint Companies who are doing 7 Inclusion Right! DIARY OF A MOM JESS WILSON AND FAMILY FACING LIFe’s CHALLENGES WITH GRACE ZOOM Autism through Many Lenses 1 ISSUE 12 TO W O FOUNDERS Sharon Cummings Sharon Fuentes Jodi Murphy H PUBLISHERS Sharon Cummings Sharon Fuentes EDITORIAL DIRECTOR Sharon Fuentes EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Sharon Cummings Cover photo provided and shared with permission by Jess Wilson. Sev- ART DIRECTOR eral photos throughout the magazine Suzanne Chanesman courtesy of Pixabay and Morguefile. CopY EDITOR For submission/writing guidelines, Jennifer Gaidos please review the information on our website. For our Media Kit, WEBSITE DESIGNER & WEBMASTER advertising information, questions Elizabeth Roy or comments, email us at [email protected]. PROJECT CooRDINATOR/STAFF PHOTOGRAPHER Zoom Autism Magazine LLC, its Conner Cummings founders, directors, editors and contributors are not responsible ADVISORY BOARD MEMBERS in any way for the actions or results Alex Plank Dena Gassner taken by any person, organization Barb Rentenbach Michael Buckholtz or party on the basis of reading Carol Greenburg Stephen Shore information, stories or contributions in this publication, website or related 3 WAYS TO READ ZOOM MAGAZINE! YOU CHOOSE! products. This publication is not intended to give specific advice SPECIAL THANKS to your specific situation. This autism through many lenses ISSUE 12 Guardianship publication should be viewed as Is it the right choice? INCLUSION from an Autistic entertainment only, and you are Maripat Robison, Dr. William Harrison, Standpoint Companies who are doing encouraged to consult a professional Ron and Owen Suskind, David Finch, 7 Inclusion Right! for specific advice. -
Alder Hey Autism Spectrum Disorder Pathway
Alder Hey Autism Spectrum Disorder Pathway Information & Additional Support for Parents & Carers Contents Information about ASD Local support Information and contact details National Support Information and contact details A little Extra Final Thoughts A note on language: There is ongoing discussion about the correct language to use when talking about ASD and there is still no agreement. What we know is that there is a shift towards ‘Identity First’ language. For example, an adult might say they are an ‘autistic adult’ rather than an ‘adult with autism’. Following discussion with a local parent group, reading about autistic people’s views and from looking at the language used by leaders such as the National Autistic Society, this leaflet aims to use ‘Identity First’ language. What is Autism Spectrum Disorder? (ASD) Anyone can be born with ASD; it is part of what makes them who they are. If a child or young person gets a diagnosis of ASD it means they are autistic and they will always be autistic, but this is OK! If we did not have autistic people, our world would miss the chance to know kind friends, committed workers, great teachers, funny comedians and great thinkers! There is a mixture of reasons why some people are born autistic. It will be different for each person. Most autistic people share these experiences: • They communicate differently • They like restricted, repetitive patterns of behaviour, interests or activities • They may have more specific likes and dislikes to sensory aspects of life Being autistic means that life might be different in some respect. The world is getting better at understanding ASD and what helps autistic people. -
(OAARSN) Adult Autism News, 19 January 2016
Ontario Adult Autism Research and Support Network (OAARSN) Adult Autism News, 19 January 2016 This OAARSN bulletin may be read online at: http://www.ont-autism.uoguelph.ca/OAARSN-20160119.pdf Announcements 1. Ontario Working Group on Mental Health & Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder offers 2016 Conference on Mental Health & Adults with ASD Hyatt Regency, Toronto, ON February 26, 2016 For information, visit the website at http://www.adultasd.ca/ “In response to the alarming lack of knowledge and appropriate services for adults living with ASD, this collaboration was created in spring 2014. We are leaders in the ASD field, clinicians and researchers in adult mental health, and representatives from professional clinical organizations across Ontario.” Register at special rate before Jan 25: https://www.oma.org/Resources/Documents/MentalHealthReg.html 2. Autism Awareness Centre Presents: March 31 & April 1, 2016 Shaw Centre - 55 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1N 9J2 Kerry Mataya - Problem Solving: A Step-by-Step Process for Success Anna Vagin - Turn It On – Using Media for Social Learning For more information or to register on-line, visit www.autismawarenesscentre.com or contact Maureen Bennie – 1-866-724-2224 or [email protected] 3. ICE4Autism Specially developed in collaboration with people on the spectrum for people on the spectrum, ICE4Autism stores and communicates YOUR unique sensitivities and special needs. http://www.ice4autism.com ICE4Autism is generously donating 10% of all Canadian sales to Autism Canada: __________________________ Interesting Articles 1. Extraordinary minds: The link between savantism and autism by Linda Marsa in Spectrum. “Some people with autism have an exceptional talent for music, math, art or language. -
Neurotribes 20/20
Neurotribes 20/20, (March 13, 1992). The Street Where They Lived. Part 1, ABC News 20/20, (March 20, 1992.). The Street Where They Lived. Part 2, ABC News A Tribute to Eric Schopler (1927–2006). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D_THeWH0ox4 Adams, G. S. and Kanner, L. (1926). General Paralysis among the North American Indians: A Contribution to Racial Psychiatry. American Journal of Psychiatry Aichhorn, A. (1965). Wayward Youth. New York, NY: Penguin Books repr. ed. Aldiss, B. W. (1995). The Detached Retina: Aspects of SF and Fantasy. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press Allison, H. (1987). Perspectives on a Puzzle Piece. National AutisticSociety Aly, G. Chroust, P. and Pross, C. (1994). Cleansing the Fatherland: Nazi Medicine and Racial Hygiene, Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press American Journal of Psychiatry, (1939). News and Notes. 96(3). 736–46 American Philosophical Society. Eugenics Record Office Records, 1670–1964 American-Austrian Foundation. The Medical Club—Billrothhaus: Epoch-Making Lectures in Medical History.” http://www.aaf-online.org/ Anderson v. W. R. Grace: Background/About the Case, Seattle University School of Law. http://www.law.seattleu.edu/centers-and-institutes/films-for-justice-institute/lessons-from- woburn/about-the-case Anderson, E. L. (1988). Behavioral Treatment of Autism. Documentary by Edward L. Anderson and Robert Aller. Focus International Andreas Ströhle et al. (2008.). Karl Bonhoeffer (1868–1948). American Journal of Psychiatry Andrews, J. (1997). The History of Bethlem. (pp. 272). New, York: Psychology Press Angres, R. (Oct. 1980). Who, Really, Was Bruno Bettelheim? Commentary Anthony, E. J. (1958). An Experimental Approach to the Psychopathology of Childhood Autism. -
Neurodiversity 10Th Annual Nurturing Developing Minds Conference
Neurodiversity 10th Annual Nurturing Developing Minds Conference Manuel F. Casanova, M.D. SmartState Endowed Chair in Childhood Neurotherapeutics University of South Carolina Greenville Health System Conflict of Interests Neuronetics (TMS platform), Neuronetrix Incorporated, Clearly Present Foundation Pfizer, Eisai, Nycomed Amersham, Aventis Pasteur Limited, Medvantis Medical Service Council of Health Care Advisors for the Gerson Lehrman Goup Royalties: Springer, Nova, Taylor and Francis, John Wiley I am a physician who deals with individuals with neurodevelopmental disabilities and have a grandson with autism. Neurodiversity “A new wave of activists wants to celebrate atypical brain function as a positive identity, not a disability.” New York News and Politics “…neurological (brain wiring) differences, traditionally seen as disadvantages, are really advantages.” Fox and Hounds “What is autism: a devastating developmental disorder, a lifelong disability, or a naturally occurring form of cognitive difference akin to certain forms of genius?” SUPOZA.COM NEURODIVERSITY AND AUTISTIC PRIDE Individual with autism vs. Autistic Individual Control subject vs. Typically developing(TD) subject What message are you sending??? “Why is it that what makes me me, needs to be classified as a disability?” A child under 18 will be considered disabled if he or she has a medically determinable physical or mental impairment or combination of impairments that cause marked and severe functional limitations, that can be expected to cause death or that has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months. Normal variation in the human genome A social category rather than a medical disorder Includes autism, bipolar disorders, and other neurotypes It does not need to be cured ABA is specially pernicioius. -
The “Rendez-Vous Manqués” of Francophone and Anglophone
Synergies Royaume-Uni et Irlande n°6 - 2013 p. 53-73 The “rendez-vous manqués” of Francophone and Anglophone Disability Studies: the case of autism in cross-cultural context Vivienne Orchard Université de Southampton, Royaume-Uni [email protected] Reçu le 08-07-2013/Accepté le 11-09-2013 Les «Rendez-vous manqués» de francophones et anglophones Disability Studies: le cas de l’autisme en contexte interculturel Résumé Ces vingt dernières années, l’autisme a fait l’objet d’un intérêt énorme à travers un large éventail de disciplines, que ce soit la science, les sciences sociales ou même les études culturelles. Des métaphores de l’autisme ont été de plus en plus diffusées dans des formes culturelles populaires, tels que les films grand public, les romans à succès, les mémoires et les articles de journaux. Mais cela a été, d’abord et avant tout, un phénomène anglophone. Cet article examine la nature de cet intérêt et les cadres, à la fois culturels et cliniques, à travers lesquels l’autisme pluriel a été construit depuis le milieu du XXème siècle. Le contexte en France est très différent. Si les « Disability Studies » sont une solide formation pluridisciplinaire au Royaume-Uni, ce n’est pas le cas en France, malgré l’important travail mené dans le cadre de la Francophonie. Dans le même temps, la psychiatrie a été dominée par la psychanalyse avec des conséquences particulières pour l’autisme. La bataille actuelle et la crise en France sur les services pour l’autisme, pour les enfants et les adultes, requièrent une plus grande attention internationale. -
Disabling Composition: Toward a 21St-Century, Synaesthetic Theory of Writing
Disabling Composition: Toward a 21st-Century, Synaesthetic Theory of Writing Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Melanie Yergeau Graduate Program in English The Ohio State University 2011 Dissertation Committee: Brenda Brueggemann, Advisor Cynthia Selfe, Advisor H. Lewis Ulman Copyright by Melanie Yergeau 2011 Abstract My dissertation examines the ways in which composition pedagogies have, both in theory and in practice, systematically worked to exclude individuals with disabilities. Persisting in composition studies is the ideological belief that traditional writing and intelligence are somehow inherently linked, that traditional literacy is central to defining one’s intellectual worth. This privileging of composing as print-based, I contend, masks the notion that writing is simply one among many systems of making and conveying meaning, that among our readers are those who cannot always access the messages delivered within print-based texts. I argue that disability studies can enable us to reconceive the rhetorical triangle and what it means to compose. Disability studies allows us to perceive the ways in which traditional writing—and composition studies’ investment in traditional writing— normalizes and has been normalized by our understanding of “the” rhetorical triangle. But disability studies also allows us to regard the ways in which multimodal composing normalizes and has been normalized by our understanding of “the” rhetorical triangle. In order to create the inclusive, radically welcoming pedagogy that so many teacher- scholars strive for, I suggest that we disable composition studies—what we think we know about composers, composing, and composition(s). -
Know Yourself—The Key to a Better Life
Presents The Jody Acford Spirit Conference 2016 Know Yourself—The Key to a Better Life Annual Conference for Neurodivergent* Adults (*Those with Asperger Syndrome and related autism profiles) Saturday, September 17, 2016 ~ 9:30 am–4:30 pm Newton-Wellesley Hospital Bowles Conference Center 2014 Washington Street Newton, MA Keynote Speaker: Lydia X. Z. Brown Neurodiversity and the Autism Rights Movement Please join us in thanking the Burgay family who are generously underwriting this conference. About the Conference The Jody Acford Spirit Conference 2016—Know Yourself: The Key to a Better Life—is AANE’s 10th annual conference designed exclusively for neurodivergent* adults (post-high school and older). (*Those with Asperger Syndrome and related autism profiles). Headlined by a dynamic keynote speaker and combining a diverse program of workshops, networking and social connections, we hope this conference will leave you knowing yourself better, having learned practical strategies to improve your life and, more importantly, knowing that you are not alone. We look forward to seeing you at the conference! Keynote Presentation: Neurodiversity and the Autism Rights Movement (As described by Lydia Brown) Flapping, spinning, rocking, and humming, we autistic people are everywhere. But most representations of autistic and other disabled people are related to inspirational stories of overcomers and supercrips, and most discussions of autism and disability are limited to patronizing awareness laced with pity and fear-mongering campaigns to cure the “low-functioning” and “mentally challenged.” Too often, disability is thought of as someone else’s private medical problem instead of a diversity and social justice imperative for everyone in society.